WO2013161179A1 - Brûleur de système de pile à combustible et système de pile à combustible le comprenant - Google Patents

Brûleur de système de pile à combustible et système de pile à combustible le comprenant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013161179A1
WO2013161179A1 PCT/JP2013/001878 JP2013001878W WO2013161179A1 WO 2013161179 A1 WO2013161179 A1 WO 2013161179A1 JP 2013001878 W JP2013001878 W JP 2013001878W WO 2013161179 A1 WO2013161179 A1 WO 2013161179A1
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Prior art keywords
gas
fuel cell
cell system
burner
combustion chamber
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PCT/JP2013/001878
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
繁 飯山
麻生　智倫
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パナソニック株式会社
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Publication of WO2013161179A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013161179A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a burner for a fuel cell system and a fuel cell system including the burner.
  • a main nozzle having a gas injection hole for injecting fuel gas obliquely outward, and conically expanding from the vicinity of the upstream end of the main nozzle to the tip side of the main nozzle, and a plurality of small nozzles in the circumferential direction An example including a flame holding plate having a hole is known (for example, Patent Document 1).
  • the present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and an object thereof is to provide a fuel cell system burner and a fuel cell system including the burner, which can be more durable than the conventional ones.
  • One aspect of the burner for a fuel cell system of the present invention includes a combustion chamber in which a flame is formed, and when the direction from the base of the flame toward the tip is upward, combustion is performed on the side surface of the combustion chamber into the combustion chamber.
  • An air ejection hole for ejecting air is formed, a gas ejection hole for ejecting off-gas discharged from the fuel cell to the combustion chamber is formed at the bottom of the combustion chamber, and the gas ejection hole and the gas ejection hole Is formed further below the air ejection hole at the lowest position.
  • One aspect of the fuel cell system of the present invention includes a fuel cell and the fuel cell system burner.
  • FIG. 1A is a plan view illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a fuel cell system burner according to the first embodiment.
  • 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line IB-IB in FIG. 1A.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a usage state of the fuel cell system burner according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3A is a plan view illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a fuel cell system burner according to a second embodiment. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line IIIB-IIIB in FIG. 3A.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a usage state of the burner for the fuel cell system according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 1A is a plan view illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a fuel cell system burner according to the first embodiment.
  • 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line IB-IB in FIG. 1A.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of
  • FIG. 5A is a plan view showing an example of a schematic configuration of a fuel cell system burner according to a third embodiment.
  • 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along line VB-VB in FIG. 5A.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a usage state of the burner for the fuel cell system according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 7A is a plan view showing an example of a schematic configuration of a fuel cell system burner according to a fourth embodiment. 7B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIIB-VIIB in FIG. 7A.
  • FIG. 8 is sectional drawing which shows an example of schematic structure of the burner for fuel cell systems concerning 5th Embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is sectional drawing which shows an example of schematic structure of the burner for fuel cell systems concerning 5th Embodiment.
  • FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a schematic configuration of a fuel cell system burner according to a seventh embodiment.
  • 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XB-XB in FIG. 10A.
  • 10C is a cross-sectional view taken along line XC-XC in FIG. 10A.
  • FIG. 11A is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a burner for a fuel cell system according to an eighth embodiment.
  • 11B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIB-XIB in FIG. 11A.
  • FIG. 11C is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIC-XIC in FIG. 11A.
  • FIG. 12A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a schematic configuration of a fuel cell system burner according to a ninth embodiment.
  • 12B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XIIB-XIIB in FIG. 12A.
  • 12C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XIIC-XIIC in FIG. 12A.
  • FIG. 13A is a plan view illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a burner for a fuel cell system according to a tenth embodiment.
  • 13B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIIIB-XIIIB in FIG. 13A.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a usage state of the fuel cell system burner according to the tenth embodiment.
  • FIG. 15A is a plan view showing an example of a schematic configuration of a burner for a fuel cell system according to an eleventh embodiment.
  • 15B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XVB-XVB in FIG. 15A.
  • FIG. 16A is a perspective view illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of air ejection holes in the burner for the fuel cell system according to the eleventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 16B is a view of the air ejection hole as viewed from the direction of the arrow XVIB in FIG. 16A.
  • FIG. 16C is a view of the air ejection hole as viewed from the direction of the arrow XVIC in FIG. 16A.
  • FIG. 16D is a view of the air ejection hole as viewed from the direction of the arrow XVID in FIG. 16A.
  • the inventors diligently studied to improve the durability of the burner for the fuel cell system. As a result, the following knowledge was obtained.
  • Patent Document 1 when a conventional burner as described in Patent Document 1 is used as a burner for a fuel cell power generation system, the combustion rate of hydrogen in the offgas is high, and therefore the combustion amount is small or the air amount is large. In addition, a flame can form around the distributor. At this time, the distributor is overheated and thermally deteriorated, which may cause a problem in durability.
  • the present inventor has come up with the idea that the durability can be improved more than before by providing the distributor at a position lower than the air ejection holes at the bottom of the flame hole plate.
  • the burner for a fuel cell system includes a combustion chamber in which a flame is formed.
  • a combustion chamber in which a flame is formed.
  • air for combustion is supplied to the combustion chamber on the side of the combustion chamber.
  • An air ejection hole for ejecting is formed, a gas ejection hole for ejecting off-gas discharged from the fuel cell to the combustion chamber is formed at the bottom of the combustion chamber, and the bottom where the gas ejection hole and the gas ejection hole are formed is the most. It is formed further below the air ejection hole below.
  • the flame is formed at and above the place where the air ejected from the air ejection holes and the off-gas ejected from the gas ejection holes are mixed.
  • a flame is less likely to be formed below the lowermost air ejection hole.
  • the gas injection hole and the bottom where the gas injection hole is formed are directly exposed to the flame, and the possibility of overheating is reduced. Therefore, the durability of the gas ejection hole and the bottom where the gas ejection hole is formed is improved.
  • the side surface of the combustion chamber may have a tapered shape that becomes wider as it goes upward.
  • FIG. 1A is a plan view illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a fuel cell system burner according to the first embodiment.
  • 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line IB-IB in FIG. 1A.
  • the burner 100 for the fuel cell system of the present embodiment includes a combustion chamber 10, a plurality of air ejection holes 14 are formed in the side surface 12 of the combustion chamber 10, and An ejection hole 18 is formed.
  • the combustion chamber 10 is a space where a flame is formed. It is not necessary for the entire flame to be formed in the combustion chamber 10, and a part of the flame may be formed in the combustion chamber 10.
  • the side surface 12 of the combustion chamber has a tapered shape that becomes wider as it goes upward.
  • an air ejection hole 14 for ejecting combustion air to the combustion chamber 10 is formed.
  • the air ejection hole 14 may constitute a path for air to flow from the outside of the combustion chamber 10 to the inside of the combustion chamber 10, and the specific shape and size are not particularly limited.
  • a plurality of air ejection holes 14 may be formed. The air may be sent from the air ejection hole 14 to the combustion chamber 10 by air supply means (not shown).
  • the bottom 16 is formed with a gas ejection hole 18 for ejecting off-gas discharged from a fuel cell (not shown) into the combustion chamber 10.
  • the gas ejection hole 18 only needs to form a path for off gas to flow from the outside of the combustion chamber 10 into the combustion chamber 10, and the specific shape and size are not particularly limited.
  • a plurality of gas ejection holes 18 may be formed.
  • the off gas may be sent from the gas ejection hole 18 to the combustion chamber 10 by an off gas supply means (not shown).
  • a flame hole plate may be formed by the side surface 12 and the bottom portion 16. That is, the side surface 12 and the bottom portion 16 may be formed by the flame hole plate.
  • the gas ejection hole 18 and the bottom 16 where the gas ejection hole 18 is formed are formed further below the lowermost air ejection hole 14. More specifically, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 10 is made of a plate-like metal, and an opening is formed in the metal plate, whereby the gas ejection hole 18 is formed. In such a configuration, the bottom surface and the gas ejection holes 18 are all formed on the lower side of the air ejection holes 14 at the lowermost position, the air ejection holes 14 formed in four places in the example of FIG. 1B. The two air jet holes 14 are formed further below.
  • the bottom 16 does not necessarily have to be a flat surface.
  • the entire bottom including the protruding portion and the gas ejection hole 18 may be formed further below the lowermost air ejection hole 14.
  • the gas ejection hole 18 may be formed further below the lowermost air ejection hole 14. All of the gas ejection holes 18 may be formed further below the lowermost air ejection holes 14.
  • a fuel cell (not shown) generates power using, for example, a hydrogen-containing gas supplied from a hydrogen generator.
  • the fuel cell system burner 100 may be used, for example, as a burner for heating the reformer in the hydrogen generator. Alternatively, it may be used as a burner for heating other parts using off-gas of the fuel cell, or may be used mainly for recovering heat from combustion exhaust gas discharged from the burner and storing hot water.
  • the fuel cell may be of any type, and examples include a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, a solid oxide fuel cell, and a phosphoric acid fuel cell. When the fuel cell is a solid oxide fuel cell, the hydrogen generator and the fuel cell are configured to be built in one container.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a usage state of the fuel cell system burner according to the first embodiment. 2 that are the same as those in FIG. 1B are assigned the same reference numerals and names, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.
  • the portion indicated by a broken line is the flame surface 20.
  • the off gas is jetted upward from the gas jet hole 18 toward the combustion chamber 10 by an off gas supply means (not shown).
  • the air is ejected by an air supply means (not shown) from the air ejection hole 14 toward the combustion chamber in a direction perpendicular to the off-gas ejection axis as viewed from above.
  • the air ejection direction and the off-gas ejection direction are not particularly limited.
  • a flame surface 20 is formed in the combustion chamber 10.
  • the flame front means the place where the combustion reaction takes place.
  • a substantially conical flame surface is formed.
  • the gas ejection holes 18 are open to the bottom 16 of the combustion chamber, so that the gas ejection holes 18 are not easily affected by heat from the flame. Even when the flame is formed in the vicinity of the bottom 16 of the combustion chamber 10, the temperature of the gas ejection hole 18 is kept lower than before, and the durability of the gas ejection hole 18 can be improved.
  • the gas ejection hole 18 and the bottom 16 formed with the gas ejection hole 18 are disposed below the flame surface 20, and the influence of the heat of the flame is affected. It is hard to receive. Even when the flame is formed near the bottom of the combustion chamber 10, the temperature of the gas ejection hole 18 and the bottom 16 where the gas ejection hole 18 is formed is kept lower than in the prior art, and the durability of the burner is improved. be able to.
  • the fuel cell system burner according to the second embodiment is the burner for the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment, and the side surface is annular when viewed from above, and inside the outer surface when viewed from above.
  • the bottom surface is formed so as to form an annular shape between the outer surface and the inner surface when viewed from above, and the air ejection holes are formed on each of the outer surface and the inner surface.
  • the inner flame surface is formed inside the outer flame surface by the air supplied to the combustion chamber from the air ejection holes formed on the inner surface.
  • the region in which the combustion reaction proceeds increases.
  • FIG. 3A is a plan view illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a fuel cell system burner according to a second embodiment.
  • 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along line IIIB-IIIB in FIG. 3A.
  • the fuel cell system burner 110 of the present embodiment includes a combustion chamber 10, the side surface of the combustion chamber 10 includes an outer surface 11 and an inner surface 13, and the outer surface 11 and the inner surface 13.
  • An air ejection hole 14 is formed in each, and a gas ejection hole 18 is formed in the bottom 16 of the combustion chamber 10.
  • the combustion chamber 10 is a space where a flame is formed.
  • the side surface of the combustion chamber composed of the outer side surface 11 and the inner side surface 13 has a tapered shape that becomes wider toward the upper side.
  • the outer surface 11 has an annular shape when viewed from above.
  • the outer surface 11 has a circular ring shape when viewed from above, but may be formed with a polygonal ring shape when viewed from above, for example.
  • the inner side surface 13 has an annular shape inside the outer side surface 11 when viewed from above.
  • the inner side surface 13 forms a circular ring shape inside the outer side surface 11 when viewed from above, but may be formed into a polygonal ring shape inside the outer side surface 11 when viewed from above, for example. .
  • Each of the outer side surface 11 and the inner side surface 13 is formed with an air ejection hole 14 for ejecting combustion air into the combustion chamber 10. Since the air ejection hole 14 can have the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the bottom 16 is formed so as to form an annular shape between the outer surface 11 and the inner surface 13.
  • the bottom portion 16 is formed with a gas ejection hole 18 through which off-gas discharged from a fuel cell (not shown) is ejected into the combustion chamber 10. Since the gas ejection hole 18 can have the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted. In the example shown in FIG. 3A, a plurality of gas ejection holes 18 are formed.
  • the gas ejection hole 18 and the bottom 16 where the gas ejection hole 18 is formed are formed further below the lowermost air ejection hole 14. More specifically, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 10 is formed of an annular and plate-like metal having a hole in the center, and an opening is formed in the metal plate, thereby forming a gas.
  • the ejection hole 18 is formed. In such a configuration, the bottom surface and the gas ejection holes 18 are all formed on the lower side of the air ejection holes 14 at the lowermost position, or the air ejection holes 14 formed at 8 positions in the example of FIG. 3B. It is formed further below the four air ejection holes 14.
  • the gas ejection hole 18 may be formed further below the lowermost air ejection hole 14. All of the gas ejection holes 18 may be formed further below the lowermost air ejection holes 14.
  • the bottom 16 does not necessarily have to be a flat surface.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a usage state of the burner for the fuel cell system according to the second embodiment. 4 that are the same as those in FIG. 3B are assigned the same reference numerals and names, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.
  • the portion indicated by the outer broken line is the outer flame surface 22, and the portion indicated by the inner broken line is the inner flame surface 24.
  • the off gas is jetted upward from the gas jet hole 18 toward the combustion chamber 10 by an off gas supply means (not shown). Air is ejected by air supply means (not shown) from the air ejection hole 14 formed on the outer side surface 11 and the inner side surface 13 toward the combustion chamber so as to sandwich the off gas ejected upward from the outer side and the inner side. Is done. In the combustion chamber 10, off-gas and air are mixed, and the mixed gas is ignited by ignition means (not shown) to start combustion.
  • an outer flame surface 22 is formed as a combustion surface of a mixed gas of air and off-gas ejected from the air ejection holes 14 on the outer surface 11, and air ejected from the air ejection holes 14 on the inner surface 13.
  • An internal flame surface 24 is formed as a combustion surface of the mixed gas of methane and off gas.
  • the fuel cell system burner according to the third embodiment is the fuel cell system burner according to the second embodiment, and includes an ignition electrode and a flame detection electrode at the center surrounded by the inner surface as viewed from above. At least one of them is provided.
  • the durability of at least one of the ignition electrode and the flame detection electrode can be improved.
  • the electrode is disposed in the central portion surrounded by the inner side surface, at least a part including the base portion of the electrode is easily located outside the inner flame surface, that is, on the air side. Become. For this reason, possibility that an electrode will be overheated is reduced and durability of an electrode improves.
  • FIG. 5A is a plan view showing an example of a schematic configuration of a fuel cell system burner according to a third embodiment.
  • 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along line VB-VB in FIG. 5A.
  • the fuel cell system burner 120 of the present embodiment can have the same configuration as the fuel cell system burner 110 of the second embodiment except that the electrode 26 is provided. Therefore, components common to FIGS. 5 and 3 are given the same reference numerals and names, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the electrode 26 is at least one of an ignition electrode and a flame detection electrode.
  • the electrode 26 is provided at a central portion surrounded by the inner side surface 13 as viewed from above.
  • the electrode 26 may be an electrode that realizes both functions of an ignition electrode and a flame detection electrode.
  • the electrode 26 is an ignition electrode
  • a voltage of about 15 kV is applied to the electrode, and discharge is performed between the electrode 26 and at least one of the side surfaces 11, 13 and the bottom 16 of the combustion chamber 10.
  • the electrode 26 is a flame detection electrode
  • an AC or DC voltage is applied between the electrode 26 extended into the flame and at least one of the side surfaces 11 and 13 and the bottom 16 of the combustion chamber 10.
  • the flame detection electrode may be temperature detection means such as a thermocouple and a thermistor.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a usage state of the burner for the fuel cell system according to the third embodiment. 6 that are the same as those in FIG. 5B are given the same reference numerals and names, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.
  • the portion indicated by the outer broken line is the outer flame surface 22, and the portion indicated by the inner broken line is the inner flame surface 24. Since the outer flame surface 22 and the inner flame surface 24 are the same as in the second embodiment, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the fuel cell system burner according to the fourth embodiment is the fuel cell system burner according to the third embodiment, and extends so that the electrode bends toward the bottom.
  • the electrode when the electrode is a flame detection electrode, a flame having a wide range of sizes can be detected more easily, and when the electrode is an ignition electrode, air and fuel are mixed. Ignition is improved by performing ignition at a location.
  • the flame detection electrode when the electrode is a flame detection electrode, the flame detection electrode can be inserted into the flame even when the amount of combustion is relatively small and the flame exists only at the bottom of the combustion chamber. . Even when the amount of combustion is relatively large and a flame is formed outside the combustion chamber, the flame detection electrode can be inserted into the flame. That is, in the configuration of the present embodiment, a flame can be detected more easily in a wide range of combustion amounts. Alternatively, a wide range of flame sizes can be detected more easily.
  • the flame becomes small because the combustion speed is high. Even in such a case, according to the bent flame detection electrode of the present embodiment, the flame can be detected more easily.
  • the electrode when the electrode is an ignition electrode, the ignitability is improved by performing ignition at a place where air and fuel are mixed.
  • FIG. 7A is a plan view showing an example of a schematic configuration of a burner for a fuel cell system according to a fourth embodiment.
  • 7B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIIB-VIIB in FIG. 7A.
  • the fuel cell system burner 130 of the present embodiment can have the same configuration as the fuel cell system burner 120 of the third embodiment except that the electrode 26 is replaced with the electrode 28. Therefore, components common to FIGS. 7 and 5 are given the same reference numerals and names, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the electrode 28 is provided in a central portion surrounded by the inner side surface 13 as viewed from above, and extends so as to bend toward the bottom portion 16.
  • the electrode 28 is a flame detection electrode
  • an AC or DC voltage is applied between the electrode 28 extended into the flame and at least one of the side surfaces 11 and 13 and the bottom 16 of the combustion chamber 10.
  • the flame detection electrode may be temperature detection means such as a thermocouple and a thermistor.
  • the electrode 28 may have a function as an ignition electrode.
  • the electrode 28 When the electrode 28 is an ignition electrode, a voltage of about 15 kV is applied to the electrode 28 in the vicinity of the bottom where off-gas and air are mixed, and discharge occurs between the electrode 28 and the bottom 16 of the combustion chamber 10 and the vicinity thereof. To ignite the mixed gas of fuel and air.
  • the electrode 28 may have a function as a flame detection electrode.
  • the fuel cell system burner of the fifth embodiment is at least one of the fuel cell system burners of the second to fourth embodiments, and is disposed below the combustion chamber and communicates with a plurality of gas ejection holes.
  • An annular gas chamber is provided, an off-gas supply hole for supplying off-gas to the gas chamber is formed in a part of the gas chamber, and an inhibition portion that inhibits the flow of gas in the gas chamber is provided in the gas chamber.
  • the blocking portion may be an annular baffle plate in which a plurality of gas flow holes are formed.
  • the off gas supplied from the off gas supply holes can be more uniformly ejected from the plurality of gas ejection holes as compared with a configuration without an obstruction part (for example, a baffle plate).
  • an obstruction part for example, a baffle plate
  • the present embodiment provides a configuration for uniformly supplying gas to the combustion chamber in order to form an axially symmetric flame with no bias in the circumferential direction.
  • Off gas discharged from an off gas supply means (not shown) or a fuel cell stack (not shown) or the like is supplied from the off gas supply hole to the combustion chamber via the gas chamber and the gas ejection hole.
  • the off gas supply holes are provided only in a part of the annular gas chamber as viewed from above, a large non-uniformity may occur in the off gas pressure distribution on the upper end surface of the gas chamber.
  • the off-gas pressure on the upper end surface of the gas chamber is highest in the vicinity of the off-gas supply hole when viewed from above, and is lowest at a position farthest from the off-gas supply hole. For this reason, the problem that the off-gas flow volume from a gas ejection hole to a combustion chamber changes according to the distance from an off-gas supply hole to a gas ejection hole may arise.
  • the non-uniformity generated in the off-gas pressure distribution inside the gas chamber is mitigated by the obstructing portion that inhibits the gas flow in the gas chamber, and the gas passes through the gas circulation holes at a more uniform speed. It becomes easy to do.
  • the inhibition part that inhibits the flow of gas in the gas chamber can be, for example, a baffle plate in which a plurality of gas flow holes are formed.
  • the off gas passes through the plurality of gas ejection holes at a uniform speed and is easily supplied to the combustion chamber. Therefore, it becomes easy to form a flame with no bias in the circumferential direction. Since there is no bias in the gas supply, the flame can easily supply heat with no bias in the circumferential direction.
  • a baffle plate is provided inside the gas chamber.
  • a plurality of gas flow holes are formed in the baffle plate. The off gas flows into the space below the baffle plate of the gas chamber from the off gas supply hole, and flows into the space above the baffle plate inside the gas chamber through the plurality of gas flow holes. Therefore, the non-uniformity in the horizontal direction of the off-gas pressure distribution is alleviated in the space above the baffle plate rather than the space below the baffle plate.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a schematic configuration of a fuel cell system burner according to a fifth embodiment.
  • the fuel cell system burner 140 of the present embodiment is provided with a gas chamber 30, except that the fuel cell system burner 110 of the second embodiment, the fuel cell system burner 120 of the third embodiment, and the fourth embodiment. It can be set as the structure similar to at least any one of the burner 130 for fuel cell systems.
  • the fuel cell system burner 140 is configured in the same manner as the fuel cell system burner 120 of the third embodiment except that the gas chamber 30 is provided. Therefore, components common to FIGS. 8 and 5 are given the same reference numerals and names, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the gas chamber 30 is an annular gas chamber that is disposed below the combustion chamber 10 and communicates with the plurality of gas ejection holes 18.
  • An off gas supply hole 36 for supplying off gas to the gas chamber 30 is formed in a part of the gas chamber 30. Annular means that it is annular when viewed from above.
  • the gas chamber 30 includes an annular baffle plate 34 in which a gas flow hole 32 is formed. In the example shown in FIG. 8, the off gas supply hole 36 is formed at the bottom of the gas chamber 30, but the off gas supply hole 36 may be formed at the side of the gas chamber 30.
  • the baffle plate 34 may be integrated with the outer wall of the gas chamber 30, or may be configured as a separate member from the outer wall.
  • the number of off-gas supply holes 36 may be smaller than the number of gas ejection holes 18. In the example shown in FIG. 8, the number of off-gas supply holes 36 is one.
  • the number of gas circulation holes 32 may be the same as the number of gas ejection holes 18, may be less than the number of gas ejection holes 18, or may be greater than the number of gas ejection holes 18. When viewed from above, the gas ejection holes 18 and the gas circulation holes 32 may or may not overlap.
  • the fuel cell system burner according to the sixth embodiment is the fuel cell system burner according to the fifth embodiment, and the side surface of the gas chamber has a tapered shape that becomes wider toward the lower side.
  • the baffle plate can be easily positioned in the height direction, and the burner can be manufactured more easily.
  • a baffle plate formed as a separate member can be inserted into the gas chamber from below with the lower end surface of the gas chamber not attached.
  • the inserted baffle plate is fixed at a desired position, and becomes difficult to contact the gas ejection hole and the upper end surface of the gas chamber. Therefore, the baffle plate can be easily positioned in the height direction, and the burner can be manufactured more easily. A burner with high assembly accuracy can be provided at low cost without the need for special manufacturing equipment.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a schematic configuration of a fuel cell system burner according to the sixth embodiment.
  • the fuel cell system burner 150 of this embodiment can have the same configuration as the fuel cell system burner 140 according to the fifth embodiment, except that the shape of the gas chamber is specified. Therefore, components common to FIGS. 9 and 8 are given the same reference numerals and names, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the side surface of the gas chamber 30 has a tapered shape that becomes wider as it goes downward.
  • the baffle plate 34 may be a separate member from the side surface of the gas chamber 30.
  • the baffle plate 34 formed as a separate member may be fixed to the side surface of the gas chamber 30 by welding or the like.
  • the fuel cell system burner according to the seventh embodiment is a fuel cell system burner according to at least one of the fifth embodiment and the sixth embodiment, wherein the number of gas circulation holes is larger than the number of gas ejection holes. Few.
  • the gas flow hole can be formed by punching or the like, for example.
  • the number of gas circulation holes is small, for example, the number of times of punching or the like can be reduced. Therefore, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
  • FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a schematic configuration of a burner for a fuel cell system according to a seventh embodiment.
  • 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XB-XB in FIG. 10A.
  • 10C is a cross-sectional view taken along line XC-XC in FIG. 10A.
  • 10A is a cross-sectional view taken along line XA-XA in FIGS. 10B and 10C.
  • the fuel cell system burner 160 of the present embodiment is the same as the fuel cell system burner 140 according to the fifth embodiment and the fuel cell system burner 150 according to the sixth embodiment, except that the number of gas flow holes is specified. It can be set as the structure similar to at least any one of these.
  • the fuel cell system burner 160 is configured in the same manner as the fuel cell system burner 150 of the sixth embodiment, except that the number of gas flow holes 32 is specified. Therefore, components common to FIGS. 10 and 9 are given the same reference numerals and names, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the number of gas circulation holes 32 is smaller than the number of gas ejection holes 18.
  • the number of the gas ejection holes 18 is 12, and the number of the gas circulation holes 32 is 6.
  • the number of gas circulation holes 32 may be increased or decreased within a range where the uniformity of the gas ejection speed from the gas ejection holes 18 is not impaired.
  • the fuel cell system burner according to the eighth embodiment is at least one of the fuel cell system burners according to the fifth to seventh embodiments, and at least a part of the plurality of gas ejection holes as viewed from above. It is formed at a position that does not overlap with the gas flow hole.
  • the off gas that has passed through the gas flow holes collides with the inner upper surface of the gas chamber and diffuses, so that the off gas supplied from the off gas supply holes can be more uniformly ejected from the plurality of gas ejection holes.
  • FIG. 11A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a schematic configuration of a burner for a fuel cell system according to an eighth embodiment.
  • 11B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIB-XIB in FIG. 11A.
  • FIG. 11C is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIC-XIC in FIG. 11A.
  • 11A is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIA-XIA in FIGS. 11B and 11C.
  • the fuel cell system burner 170 of the present embodiment is the same as that of the fuel cell system burner 140 according to the fifth embodiment, and the fuel cell system burner 150 according to the sixth embodiment, except that the arrangement of gas flow holes is specified. And it can be set as the structure similar to at least any one of the burner 160 for fuel cell systems of 7th Embodiment.
  • the fuel cell system burner 170 is configured in the same manner as the fuel cell system burner 160 of the seventh embodiment, except that the number and arrangement of the gas flow holes 32 are changed. Therefore, the same reference numerals and names are assigned to components common to FIGS. 11 and 10, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the gas ejection holes 18 is formed at a position that does not overlap with the gas circulation holes 32.
  • all of the plurality of gas ejection holes 18 are formed at positions that do not overlap with the gas flow holes 32.
  • the number of the gas ejection holes 18 is 12
  • the number of the gas circulation holes 32 is 12
  • each of the gas ejection holes 18 and the gas circulation holes 32 has the same angle. They are arranged in a ring shape.
  • the gas ejection holes 18 and the gas flow holes 32 are formed with a predetermined offset angle so that they are arranged in different phases when viewed from above.
  • the gas ejection holes 18 and the gas flow holes 32 are arranged at intervals of 30 degrees, and are formed to have an offset angle of 15 degrees.
  • the off-gas that has passed through the gas circulation holes 32 collides with the inner upper surface of the gas chamber. Spread. Therefore, the off gas supplied from the off gas supply holes 36 can be more uniformly ejected from the plurality of gas ejection holes 18.
  • a fuel cell system burner according to a ninth embodiment is a fuel cell system burner according to at least one of the first to eighth embodiments, and includes a gas chamber disposed below the combustion chamber. The heat exchange with the combustion chamber is possible.
  • a hydrocarbon raw material is converted into hydrogen, carbon dioxide, water vapor and the like by a reforming reaction in a fuel processor (not shown).
  • This water vapor may be removed by a heat exchanger (not shown) or a drain tank (not shown) provided in the fuel cell system.
  • a gas with a high dew point can be supplied to the burner.
  • the off-gas containing condensed water first flows into the gas chamber.
  • the gas chamber is heated to a high temperature by exchanging heat with the combustion chamber, and easily evaporates when it reaches the gas chamber. Therefore, it becomes difficult for condensed water to reach the combustion chamber.
  • FIG. 12A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a schematic configuration of a fuel cell system burner according to a ninth embodiment.
  • 12B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XIIB-XIIB in FIG. 12A.
  • 12C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XIIC-XIIC in FIG. 12A.
  • 12A is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIIA-XIIA in FIGS. 12B and 12C.
  • the fuel cell system burner 180 of the present embodiment is at least one of the fuel cell system burners 100 to 170 according to the first to eighth embodiments, except that the gas chamber is configured to be able to exchange heat with the combustion chamber. It can be set as the same structure.
  • the fuel cell system burner 180 is configured in the same manner as the fuel cell system burner 170 of the eighth embodiment, except that the configuration of the gas chamber 30 is changed. Therefore, components common to FIGS. 12 and 11 are given the same reference numerals and names, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the gas chamber 30 is configured to be able to exchange heat with the combustion chamber 10.
  • the gas chamber 30 can exchange heat with the combustion chamber 10 by integrating the bottom partition wall of the flame plate constituting the combustion chamber 10 and the partition wall on the combustion chamber side of the gas chamber 30. It is configured.
  • the gas chamber 30 is configured to be able to exchange heat with the combustion chamber 10.
  • the gas chamber 30 may be configured to be able to exchange heat with the combustion chamber 10 by other configurations.
  • both the bottom of the combustion chamber 10 and the upper portion of the gas chamber 30 may be in contact with the same member having a high thermal conductivity.
  • a fuel cell system burner according to a tenth embodiment is a fuel cell system burner according to at least one of the second to eighth embodiments and a combination of these with the ninth embodiment, and is formed on the outer surface.
  • the total area of the ejection holes is larger than the total area of the air ejection holes formed on the inner surface.
  • the flame is pressed by the air ejected from the air ejection holes provided on the outer surface, so that the outer flame surface is shorter in the vertical direction than the blown flame surface and converges on the central axis. It tends to be shaped and combustion stability is improved.
  • FIG. 13A is a plan view showing an example of a schematic configuration of a burner for a fuel cell system according to a tenth embodiment.
  • 13B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIIIB-XIIIB in FIG. 13A.
  • the burner 190 for the fuel cell system of the present embodiment is the same as the fuel cell system burner 190 except that the size relationship between the total area of the air ejection holes formed on the outer surface and the total area of the air ejection holes formed on the inner surface is specified.
  • a configuration similar to that of at least one of the fuel cell system burners 110 to 170 according to the second to eighth embodiments can be adopted.
  • the fuel cell system burner 190 is configured in the same manner as the fuel cell system burner 110 of the second embodiment, except that the number of air ejection holes formed on the inner surface is changed. ing. Therefore, the same reference numerals and names are used for the same components in FIG. 13 and FIG. 3, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the total area of the air ejection holes 14 formed on the outer side surface 11 is larger than the total area of the air ejection holes 14 formed on the inner side surface 13.
  • the size of each air ejection hole 14 is substantially equal.
  • the number of air ejection holes 14 formed on the outer side surface 11 is larger than the number of air ejection holes 14 formed on the inner side surface 13.
  • the outer side surface 11 and the inner side surface 13 are configured such that the flow rate of air ejected from the air ejection holes 14 formed in the outer side surface 11 is larger than the flow rate of air ejected from the air ejection holes 14 provided in the inner side surface 13.
  • An air ejection hole 14 may be formed.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing an example of a usage state of the burner for the fuel cell system according to the tenth embodiment. 14 that are the same as those in FIG. 13B are assigned the same reference numerals and names, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.
  • the flame When burning a gas with a slow combustion rate, the flame extends to the rear of the combustion chamber and forms a blown-out flame, which may reduce the combustion stability.
  • a portion indicated by a broken line 23 indicates a blown-out flame surface.
  • the flow rate of air ejected from the air ejection holes 14 provided in the outer surface 11 of the combustion chamber 10 is greater than the flow rate of air ejected from the air ejection holes 14 provided in the inner surface 13. Will also increase. Therefore, the flame is pressed by the air ejected from the air ejection holes 14 provided in the outer surface 11.
  • the fuel cell system burner of the eleventh embodiment is at least one of the fuel cell system burners of the first to tenth embodiments, in which the direction of air ejected from the air ejection holes and the gas ejection holes are ejected.
  • the air ejection holes and the gas ejection holes are formed so that the gas directions are opposite to each other when viewed from above.
  • the diffusibility in the combustion chamber is lowered, and carbon monoxide may be generated in the combustion exhaust gas due to incomplete combustion.
  • the direction of the air ejected from the air ejection hole and the direction of the gas ejected from the gas ejection hole are opposite to each other when viewed from above. Uniform mixing is facilitated and the possibility of incomplete combustion is reduced.
  • FIG. 15A is a plan view illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a burner for a fuel cell system according to an eleventh embodiment.
  • 15B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XVB-XVB in FIG. 15A.
  • the fuel cell system burner 200 according to the present embodiment is different from the fuel according to the first to tenth embodiments except that the direction of air ejected from the air ejection holes and the direction of gas ejected from the gas ejection holes are specified.
  • the configuration can be the same as that of at least one of the battery system burners 100 to 190.
  • the fuel cell system burner 200 is the fuel according to the second embodiment except that the direction of air ejected from the air ejection holes and the direction of gas ejected from the gas ejection holes are changed.
  • the configuration is the same as that of the battery system burner 110. Therefore, components common to FIGS. 15 and 3 are given the same reference numerals and names, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the air ejection holes and the gas ejection holes are arranged such that the direction of the air ejected from the air ejection holes 14 and the direction of the gas ejected from the gas ejection holes 18 are opposite to each other when viewed from above. Is formed.
  • the direction of the air ejected from the air ejection hole 14 is a clockwise direction with respect to the central axis when viewed from above, and the direction of the gas ejected from the gas ejection hole 18 is the central axis. The counterclockwise direction with respect to.
  • FIG. 16A is a perspective view showing an example of a schematic configuration of air ejection holes in the burner for the fuel cell system according to the eleventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 16B is a view of the air ejection hole as viewed from the direction of the arrow XVIB in FIG. 16A.
  • FIG. 16C is a view of the air ejection hole as viewed from the direction of the arrow XVIC in FIG. 16A.
  • FIG. 16D is a view of the air ejection hole as viewed from the direction of the arrow XVID in FIG. 16A.
  • the air ejection hole 14 may be formed so that the opening 15 facing the upstream side and the opening 17 facing the combustion chamber are formed by, for example, pressing. it can.
  • the ejected air collides with the air ejection holes 14 formed so as to form an inclined surface with respect to the flame hole plate surface, is bent, and moves toward the combustion chamber 10. Erupt diagonally.
  • the air ejection direction can be appropriately set.
  • gas ejection holes 18 similarly to the air ejection holes, for example, a shape as shown in FIG. 16 can be used to appropriately set the off-gas ejection direction.
  • the direction of air ejected from the air ejection hole 14 is a counterclockwise direction with respect to the central axis, and the direction of gas ejected from the gas ejection hole 18 is clockwise with respect to the central axis. It may be a direction.
  • the gas ejection hole 18 may be given swirling in the direction opposite to the air ejection direction.
  • the angle formed by the flow velocity vector of the air ejected from the air ejection hole 14 and the flow velocity vector of the gas ejected from the gas ejection hole 18 is greater than 90 degrees. It may be 180 degrees or less. The angle formed by the two flow velocity vectors may be not less than 145 degrees and not more than 180 degrees.
  • a fuel cell system according to a twelfth embodiment includes a fuel cell and the fuel cell system burner according to any one of the first to eleventh embodiments.
  • the fuel cell (not shown) generates power using, for example, a hydrogen-containing gas supplied from a hydrogen generator.
  • the fuel cell system burner may be used, for example, as a burner for heating the reformer in the hydrogen generator. Alternatively, for example, the burner may be used as a burner that heats other parts using the off-gas of the fuel cell.
  • the fuel cell may be of any type, and examples include a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, a solid oxide fuel cell, and a phosphoric acid fuel cell. When the fuel cell is a solid oxide fuel cell, the hydrogen generator and the fuel cell are configured to be built in one container.
  • One embodiment of the present invention is useful as a burner for a fuel cell system according to the present invention, which has improved durability compared to the prior art, and as a fuel cell system including the burner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un brûleur de système de pile à combustible (100), comprenant une chambre de combustion (10) dans laquelle une flamme est formée. Dans une direction allant de la partie de base de la flamme à l'extrémité avant ascendante, une pluralité d'ouvertures de décharge d'air (14), qui déchargent de l'air pour la combustion dans la chambre de combustion, sont formées dans une face latérale (12) de la chambre de combustion. Une ouverture de décharge de gaz (18), qui décharge dans la chambre de combustion le dégagement gazeux qui s'échappe d'une pile à combustible, est formée dans la partie inférieure de la chambre de combustion. L'ouverture de décharge de gaz et la partie inférieure (16), dans laquelle l'ouverture de décharge de gaz est formée, sont formées plus loin vers le bas que l'ouverture de décharge d'air la plus basse.
PCT/JP2013/001878 2012-04-26 2013-03-19 Brûleur de système de pile à combustible et système de pile à combustible le comprenant WO2013161179A1 (fr)

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JP2012100834 2012-04-26
JP2012-100834 2012-04-26

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3392944A1 (fr) 2017-04-18 2018-10-24 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Système de piles à combustible
JP2018169080A (ja) * 2017-03-29 2018-11-01 東京瓦斯株式会社 燃焼システム、及び燃焼装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5033840U (fr) * 1973-07-20 1975-04-11
JPS58194326U (ja) * 1982-06-18 1983-12-24 ヤマハ株式会社 ガスバ−ナ
JPS59163726U (ja) * 1983-04-20 1984-11-02 ダイキン工業株式会社 ガスバ−ナ
JPS60154726U (ja) * 1984-03-23 1985-10-15 大阪瓦斯株式会社 ガスバーナ装置
JP2004144412A (ja) * 2002-10-25 2004-05-20 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 燃焼装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5033840U (fr) * 1973-07-20 1975-04-11
JPS58194326U (ja) * 1982-06-18 1983-12-24 ヤマハ株式会社 ガスバ−ナ
JPS59163726U (ja) * 1983-04-20 1984-11-02 ダイキン工業株式会社 ガスバ−ナ
JPS60154726U (ja) * 1984-03-23 1985-10-15 大阪瓦斯株式会社 ガスバーナ装置
JP2004144412A (ja) * 2002-10-25 2004-05-20 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 燃焼装置

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018169080A (ja) * 2017-03-29 2018-11-01 東京瓦斯株式会社 燃焼システム、及び燃焼装置
EP3392944A1 (fr) 2017-04-18 2018-10-24 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Système de piles à combustible
JP2018181840A (ja) * 2017-04-18 2018-11-15 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 燃料電池システム
US11050067B2 (en) 2017-04-18 2021-06-29 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Fuel cell system
JP6998548B2 (ja) 2017-04-18 2022-01-18 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 燃料電池システム

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