WO2013147277A1 - Dispositif de mesure de la radiation et système de mesure de la radiation - Google Patents

Dispositif de mesure de la radiation et système de mesure de la radiation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2013147277A1
WO2013147277A1 PCT/JP2013/059779 JP2013059779W WO2013147277A1 WO 2013147277 A1 WO2013147277 A1 WO 2013147277A1 JP 2013059779 W JP2013059779 W JP 2013059779W WO 2013147277 A1 WO2013147277 A1 WO 2013147277A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiation
unit
detection
detection unit
radiation measurement
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2013/059779
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
佐々木真人
Original Assignee
Sasaki Makoto
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sasaki Makoto filed Critical Sasaki Makoto
Priority to JP2014508245A priority Critical patent/JP6199282B2/ja
Publication of WO2013147277A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013147277A1/fr

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
    • G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
    • G01T1/201—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors using scintillating fibres

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a radiation measurement apparatus for identifying a radiation source, determining a radiation dose and a flying direction, or measuring a spatial intensity distribution of radiation, and a radiation measurement system incorporating the radiation measurement apparatus.
  • a radiation measurement device As a radiation measurement device, a device including three detection units each having a scintillator, a photomultiplier tube, and an orientation-dependent collimator is known in order to detect the radiation direction of radiation (Patent Document 1). reference).
  • a conventional gamma ray detector there is one that detects gamma rays by pixel reading of a semiconductor element. In this case, imaging is possible, but sensitivity is limited. That is, in a sensor of a semiconductor element, most of gamma rays pass through without leaving a reaction trace, and it is difficult to increase reaction efficiency at a low cost.
  • the present invention provides a radiation measurement apparatus and a radiation measurement system capable of identifying a radiation source, determining an accurate dose of radiation and a flying direction, or measuring a spatial distribution of radiation intensity from an object. Objective.
  • a radiation measuring apparatus includes an azimuth restriction unit that restricts the incident direction of radiation, and a primary detection unit that converts radiation that has passed through the azimuth restriction unit into an optical signal.
  • a detection window provided with a detection unit; and a secondary detection unit that detects an optical signal from the detection unit of the detection window as, for example, a two-dimensional optical signal distribution.
  • a sensor array in which a plurality of sensor units are arranged in the depth direction corresponding to the azimuth in the predetermined cross section limited by the azimuth limiting unit. It is.
  • the detection unit provided in the detection window has an azimuth limiter that limits the incident direction of the radiation and a primary detection unit that converts the radiation that has passed through the azimuth limiter into an optical signal. Only radiation from the azimuth can be selectively detected. Furthermore, since the secondary detection unit detects the optical signal from the detection unit as a two-dimensional optical signal distribution, it is possible to process detection outputs from a plurality of detection units in parallel, and to perform high-speed and high-sensitivity radiation measurement. An apparatus can be provided.
  • the azimuth limiter restricts the incident direction of radiation to the azimuth in a predetermined cross section arranged linearly, not only can the radiation from the azimuth in the predetermined cross section be selectively detected, but such a cross section By changing, it is possible to arbitrarily extract radiation from an orientation in a desired cross section.
  • the primary detection unit is a sensor array in which a plurality of sensor units are arranged in the depth direction corresponding to the direction in a predetermined cross section limited by the direction limiting unit, the sensor array efficiently and efficiently emits radiation. It can be detected and the source can be identified.
  • the azimuth restriction unit is a slit-like collimator in which a plurality of shielding flat plates are arranged close to each other in parallel. In this case, it is possible to improve the selectivity of the azimuth and improve the measurement accuracy regarding the azimuth.
  • the sensor array is a fiber array having a plurality of scintillation fibers doped with a fluorescent material as a plurality of sensor portions.
  • a plurality of sensor units can be arranged in a space-saving manner, and the primary detection unit and the radiation measurement apparatus can be easily reduced in weight.
  • the fibers constituting the fiber array are arranged in parallel to each other at equal intervals along a predetermined cross section.
  • the detection window includes a plurality of detection units each having an azimuth limiter and a primary detector, so that the radiation detection sensitivity can be increased and the detection accuracy can be improved.
  • the secondary detection unit detects the optical signals from the plurality of detection units as a two-dimensional optical signal distribution, the detection output of the plurality of detection units can be processed in parallel.
  • a plurality of detection units are arranged in parallel to each other.
  • the plurality of detection units are focused on infinity, and radiation from an object separated at infinity can be efficiently detected.
  • a plurality of detection units are arranged so as to converge with each other.
  • the plurality of detection units are focused on a finite distance, and radiation from an object separated by a finite distance can be detected efficiently.
  • an adjustment device for adjusting the arrangement state of the plurality of detection units is further provided. In this case, it is possible to change the focus state in which a plurality of detection units are set as one set.
  • the relative arrangement relationship of the plurality of detection units is adjusted based on the detection output of the secondary detection unit. That is, the focal lengths of a plurality of detection units can be automatically controlled.
  • the radiation measuring apparatus converts radiation incident on the detection space into an optical signal by a primary detection unit having a plurality of sensor units arranged so as to be distributed in a three-dimensional detection space. And a secondary detection unit that detects an optical signal from the primary detection unit of the detection window unit as a two-dimensional optical signal distribution.
  • the primary detection unit provided in the detection window unit has a plurality of sensor units arranged so as to be distributed in the three-dimensional detection space. It can be regarded as passing, and not only the incident direction of radiation but also three-dimensional events such as radiation scattering can be detected. As a result, it is possible to identify the radiation source, determine the exact dose and direction of flight of the radiation, or measure the spatial distribution of the radiation intensity from the object.
  • the primary detection unit includes a sensor array in which a plurality of sensor units extending in a predetermined direction are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the predetermined direction. A plurality of detection units each having the above are stacked.
  • an adjustment device for adjusting the arrangement state of the plurality of detection units is further provided.
  • the detection window portion and the secondary detection portion are coupled with a bundle of fibers.
  • the optical signal detected by the detection window part can be transmitted to the secondary detection part with little loss.
  • the secondary detection unit is a photoelectric imaging device having a photoelectric conversion surface.
  • a weak optical signal can be detected with high sensitivity and high speed.
  • Still another aspect of the present invention further includes a storage device that stores the signal detected by the secondary detection unit in association with the incident direction of radiation.
  • the spatial distribution of the radiation intensity from the object can be measured and stored by accumulating signals.
  • the apparatus further includes a control device that detects energy information related to the radiation source based on the signal detected by the secondary detection unit. That is, the radiation source can be identified.
  • control device stores the energy information in the storage device in association with the incident direction of radiation.
  • information regarding the identification of the radiation source and information regarding the orientation of the radiation source can be stored as a set.
  • a radiation measurement system includes a first measurement unit including the first radiation measurement apparatus described above, a second measurement unit including the second radiation measurement apparatus described above, a first measurement unit, and a first measurement unit. And an overall control unit that operates the two measurement units in synchronization.
  • two measurement units can simultaneously measure directions in two different cross sections.
  • the radiation measuring apparatus 10 includes a detection window unit 20, a fiber bundle unit 30, an image intensifier unit 40, an imaging unit 50, a stage 60, and a control device 80.
  • the detection window 20 is a case in which a large number of scintillation fibers (not shown) extending in the upper and lower Z directions are regularly and densely arranged in the case 21 and is also called a scintillation fiber clade.
  • the detection window 20 includes a case 21 supported by the stage 60 and a large number of scintillation fiber blades 22 housed in the case 21.
  • the case 21 is a member having a rectangular cylindrical outer shape having a rectangular opening OP in the lateral direction, and is formed of a material that efficiently shields radiation, such as lead.
  • the scintillation fiber blade 22 is a member (detection unit) that has a rectangular plate-like outer shape and converts radiation incident from a specific direction into an optical signal.
  • the scintillation fiber blade 22 stands in a vertical state extending in the YZ direction in the figure. A large number are arranged in the X direction and are tightly housed and fixed in the case 21.
  • the vertical and horizontal width of the case 21, that is, the opening OP is wide, the detection sensitivity of the target incident radiation number is increased. Moreover, if the depth of the case 21 in the Y direction is equal to or greater than a certain value, the intended radiation can be reliably captured.
  • the vertical and horizontal width of the opening OP is, for example, 0.5 m ⁇ 0.5 m, and the depth width is, for example, 0.5 m.
  • the scintillation fiber blade (detection unit) 22 includes a collimator unit 21a, a scintillation fiber unit 21b, and a frame 21c.
  • the collimator unit 21a is fixed to the frame 21c.
  • the collimator unit 21a includes two radiation shielding plates 24 arranged in parallel, and functions as an azimuth limiting unit that limits the incident direction of radiation.
  • Each radiation shielding plate 24 is a lead plate having a thickness of, for example, about 0.5 to 1 mm, and the pair of radiation shielding plates 24 are arranged apart from each other with a gap GA of, for example, about 1 to 2 mm.
  • the opening angle of the scintillation fiber blade 22 for gamma ray detection is about 0.5 ° to several degrees in the horizontal X direction and about 90 ° in the vertical Y direction. That is, one scintillation fiber blade 22 captures gamma ray flux with an effective area solid angle of (0.5 m ⁇ 0.5 m) ⁇ (about 1 ° ⁇ 90 °).
  • the background rate of the atmospheric natural radiation dose that enters a solid angle of 1 ° ⁇ 90 ° is considered to be about 200 Hz for a sensitive area of 0.5 m ⁇ 0.5 m.
  • the single scintillation fiber blade 22 has an average detection frequency of 1 Hz or less.
  • a gamma ray flux that comes at the same frequency as the atmospheric natural radioactivity dose has the ability to measure with an accuracy of about 10% error per second.
  • the total amount of fluorescence in the region expected by each pixel of the coarse image capturing unit 53 described later is calculated as the charge amount.
  • the measurement dynamic range can be made extremely high.
  • the scintillation fiber portion 21b is composed of a large number of scintillation fibers 25, ie, scintillation fiber arrays 125, extending in the Z direction and densely arranged in the Y direction at regular intervals, and converts the radiation that has passed through the collimator portion 21a into an optical signal. Functions as a detection unit.
  • the scintillation fiber 25 is an acrylic or other plastic fiber doped with a phosphor, corresponds to a sensor unit for converting radiation into an optical signal, and serves as an active index for gamma rays.
  • the scintillation fiber 25 scatters, for example, 0.622 MeV gamma rays originating from cesium 137, and outputs scintillation emission generated by Compton electrons as detection light.
  • a large number of scintillation fibers 25 constituting the scintillation fiber array 125 are sandwiched between a pair of metal plates 26a, 26a so as to be maintained at equal intervals and in parallel.
  • the scintillation fiber 25 has a rectangular cross section of 1 to 2 mm square, for example.
  • a large number of grooves 26d are formed in each metal plate 26a, and the scintillation fiber 25 is held in a stable state in each groove 26d.
  • Each metal plate 26a is formed, for example, by pressing a tin plate.
  • the scintillation fiber array 125 has a length of about 0.5 m in the upper and lower (left and right on the paper) Z direction. That is, the length of the scintillation fiber 25 constituting the scintillation fiber array 125 is also about 0.5 m.
  • Each scintillation fiber array 125 has a length of about 0.5 m in the Y direction of the depth, that is, the arrangement direction.
  • 250 scintillation fibers 25 constituting each scintillation fiber array 125 are arranged in a depth width of about 0.5 m. That is, the scintillation fibers 25 are densely arranged at intervals of 1 to 2 mm in the embodiment.
  • the laminated scintillation fibers 25 are closely packed in a 250 ⁇ 250 matrix. It will be arranged. In other words, a three-dimensional detection space is formed by the laminated body of scintillation fiber blades 22.
  • One end of the scintillation fiber array 125 is connected to the fiber bundle unit 30 via an optical socket 27 that can be attached and detached. The fluorescence detected by each scintillation fiber 25 is individually transmitted by the fiber bundle unit 30.
  • the metal plates 26a, 26a as holders are fixed to the frame 21c as described above and supported in the case 21 via the frame 21c.
  • the optical socket 27 is also fixed to the frame 21 c and exposed to an opening (not shown) formed on the lower surface of the case 21.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram for schematically explaining the mutual arrangement relationship of a plurality of scintillation fiber blades 22. Since the plurality of scintillation fiber blades 22 are arranged in close contact with each other and aligned in parallel with each other, the incident direction of radiation is limited to the direction of the vertical XZ cross section, and the detection window 20 as a whole is formed. Sensitivity is also limited to the direction of the vertical XZ cross section. That is, the detection window 20 can be considered as an infinite focus system in the horizontal Y direction.
  • the fiber bundle unit 30 is connected to the laminated body of the scintillation fiber array 125 at one end and positioned and fixed to the light receiving unit 42 (see FIG. 1) of the image intensifier unit 40 at the other end. Yes.
  • the fiber bundle unit 30 is a collection of a large number of guide optical fibers 31.
  • One end of each guide optical fiber 31 is connected to the optical socket 27 and optically coupled to each scintillation fiber blade 22.
  • the optical signal is transmitted to the light receiving unit 42 of the image intensifier unit 40 while maintaining the arrangement relationship of the scintillation fibers 25 constituting each scintillation fiber array 125.
  • the scintillation fibers 25 arranged in the Y direction and stacked in the Y direction in the case 21 are arranged in a matrix of 250 ⁇ 250 with respect to the XY cross section, so that the pixel pattern maintaining this lattice point arrangement is imaged.
  • the intensifier unit 40 detects and amplifies the image.
  • the image intensifier unit 40 has a structure housed in a vacuum vessel 41, and converges the light receiving unit 42, which is an input unit for photoelectric conversion, and the electrons after photoelectric conversion. And an output unit 44 that converts an incident electron in a converged state into light to form an image.
  • the light receiving unit 42 is fixed to one end of the vacuum container 41 on the open side.
  • the light receiving unit 42 includes a glass optical window 42a having a spherical shell-like outer shape, and a photoelectric conversion surface 47 is formed inside the optical window 42a by vapor deposition of a photoelectric conversion material having predetermined characteristics. Yes.
  • the electrostatic focusing system 43 is supported on the inner surface of the side wall of the vacuum vessel 41.
  • the electrostatic focusing system 43 has a plurality of electron focusing electrode portions 43a.
  • the output unit 44 is fixed to the bottom of the vacuum vessel 41.
  • the output unit 44 is formed of, for example, a fiber optic plate 44a, and the incident surface 48 is coated with a phosphor having predetermined characteristics.
  • the incident surface 48 of the fiber optic plate 44 a is disposed at the position of the imaging surface of the electrostatic focusing system 43 and has a surface shape that matches the imaging surface of the electrostatic focusing system 43.
  • the image intensifier unit 40 cooperates with the imaging unit 50 as a secondary detection unit that detects the optical signal from the scintillation fiber blade (detection unit) 22 as a two-dimensional optical signal distribution. Function.
  • the imaging unit 50 includes a relay optical system 51, a fine imaging unit 52, a coarse image imaging unit 53, and a drive circuit 54.
  • the relay optical system 51 includes a distributor 51a disposed on the upstream side of the optical path along the optical axis OA and a main body optical system 51b disposed on the downstream side of the optical path from the distributor 51a.
  • the distributor 51a is a beam splitter.
  • the main body optical system 51 b is a projection optical system that projects the image of the output surface 49 of the image intensifier unit 40 onto the imaging surface of the fine imaging unit 52 at approximately the same magnification.
  • the fine imaging unit 52 includes, for example, a solid-state imaging device that is a CMOS-type imaging device and a drive circuit that causes the solid-state imaging device to perform an imaging operation, and the solid-state imaging device 52 uses the timing signal output from the drive circuit 54.
  • the fine imaging unit 52 converts a fine image of weak light incident on the photoelectric conversion surface 47 of the image intensifier unit 40 into a pixel digital signal at a video rate and outputs it.
  • the coarse image capturing unit 53 is, for example, a multi-anode type photomultiplier, and operates under the control of the drive circuit 54.
  • the coarse image capturing unit 53 outputs a coarse image of weak light incident on the photoelectric conversion surface 47 as a photometric signal.
  • the stage 60 includes a pedestal 61, a turntable 62, and a rotation drive mechanism 63.
  • the turntable 62 is supported by the pedestal 61 and is rotatable about a rotation axis AX extending in the Z direction.
  • the rotation drive mechanism 63 operates under the control of the control device 80, and rotates the turntable 62 relative to the pedestal 61 to rotate the detection window 20 about the rotation axis AX that extends in the vertical direction (that is, the Z direction). To the desired azimuth angle.
  • the rotation operation of the turntable 62 may be continuous, but can be discretely moved to a target or a specified azimuth angle.
  • the image intensifier unit 40, the imaging unit 50, and the control device 80 are stored in a stable state.
  • the control device 80 monitors the image signal and the intensity signal output from the fine image capturing unit 52 and the coarse image capturing unit 53 and stores them in the storage device 81.
  • the control device 80 monitors the azimuth angle of the turntable 62, and associates the image signal obtained by the fine imaging unit 52 and the coarse image imaging unit 53 with the direction (detection azimuth angle) of the detection window unit 20. Store in the storage device 81.
  • the detection window 20 on the stage 60 faces a specific azimuth on the XY plane
  • the gamma rays from the measurement target are within a range of several degrees or less in that azimuth and about 90 degrees in the elevation direction.
  • Other radiation can be detected. That is, the surrounding radiation emitted from the measurement object can be detected within a narrow solid angle range or a cross-sectional range limited to a specific orientation.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a modified example of the detection window portion 20 of FIG. 1 and corresponds to FIG.
  • the plurality of scintillation fiber blades 22 are arranged so as to go to one point. That is, the detection window 20 in FIG. 6 can be considered as a finite focal system in the horizontal X direction.
  • the scintillation fiber blades 22 are fixed to the support 28 in order to maintain the mutual angular relationship.
  • the support 28 may include an adjusting device 128 that adjusts an angle formed between adjacent scintillation fiber blades 22.
  • the focal length of the detection window portion 20 can be adjusted freely according to the target object by controlling the operation of the adjusting device 128.
  • the control device 80 adjusts the relative arrangement relationship of the plurality of scintillation fiber blades (detection units) 22 based on the detection output of the imaging unit 50.
  • the focal length of the detection window 20 in which a plurality of scintillation fiber blades 22 are combined can be automatically controlled. At this time, it is possible to optimize and achieve automatic focusing by real-time image processing.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining another modified example.
  • scintillation fibers 25 are two-dimensionally arranged in the X direction perpendicular to the collimator portion 21a to form a cubic plastic scintillator 123.
  • similar measurement similar to the detection window 20 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is possible.
  • fluorescence is observed with the scintillation fiber 25 corresponding to the track of the gamma ray
  • the output of each scintillation fiber 25 is synchronized, and various filter processes such as statistical processing are performed, for example, the incident direction with respect to the elevation angle of the gamma ray and the gamma ray from that direction. It is also possible to specify the energy and frequency (see FIGS. 8B and 8C).
  • FIG. 8A shows a side view of a track (white solid line) of 100 gamma rays shot at the same point from one direction on a plastic scintillator made of the same material as that of the scintillation fiber 25.
  • the 0.622 MeV gamma rays emitted from cesium 137 mainly cause Compton scattering in the material.
  • the energy of electrons can be converted into light using a 0.5 m cubic plastic scintillator, and the amount of light corresponding to the total energy of 0.622 MeV can be measured and confirmed. From this, it can be considered that the average output value from the scintillation fiber 25 disposed on the back side farthest from the opening OP in the scintillation fiber array 125 represents the background level. 25 output values can be used for S / N separation.
  • Scattered electrons cause an ionization reaction while running through a 0.5 m cubic plastic scintillator, and emit fluorescence due to a scintillation emission phenomenon.
  • An electron generated by Compton scattering that occurs first when 0.622 MeV gamma rays are incident travels about 1 mm and emits light during that time.
  • FIG. 8B only a track of electrons of 10 keV or more generated from the previous gamma ray irradiation simulation example is shown by a white point, and as shown in FIG. 8C, 100 keV or more generated from the previous gamma ray irradiation simulation example. Only the tracks of electrons are shown as white dots.
  • the significance of performing the decomposition or separation of the optical signal in the Y direction, that is, the depth direction by the scintillation fiber array 125 will be described. It is advantageous from the viewpoint of background removal to capture and analyze the image of the emission point by gamma ray scattered electrons with the scintillation fiber array 125.
  • the probability that gamma rays enter the plastic scintillator and scatter is determined by the scattering cross section of the particle, 1-exp (-x / L) Distribution.
  • x is the distance in the depth direction
  • L is the mean free path coming from the scattering cross section.
  • the detection frequency of the incident-side scintillation fiber 25 is the highest, and the scattering frequency attenuates as it enters the back.
  • the scintillation fiber array 125 By using the scintillation fiber array 125, the above phenomenon can be imaged and measured. Note that if the distance from the incident side of the signal gamma ray is X and the distance from the back side is Xb, ⁇ 1-exp (-xs / L) ⁇ ⁇ 1-exp (-xb / L) ⁇ Since it is the sum of two dual distributions, it is possible to clarify the intrusion background evaluation and subtraction for signal extraction. That is, it becomes easy to separate only the target signal.
  • the energy and attenuation state of gamma rays incident on the scintillation fiber part 21b can be measured, and the orientation of the radiation source And radioactive materials can be identified. Furthermore, information related to the amount of radioactive material can also be obtained from the frequency detected by the plurality of scintillation fiber portions 21b.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a radiation measurement system 100 in which three radiation measurement units 10A, 10B, and 10C having the same structure as that of the radiation measurement apparatus 10 in FIG. 1 are incorporated.
  • the first radiation measurement unit 10A has substantially the same structure as the radiation measurement apparatus 10 in FIG. 1, and includes a measurement unit 11 and a scanning unit 12.
  • the detection window unit 20, the fiber bundle unit 30, the image intensifier unit 40, the imaging unit 50, and the like of FIG. 1 function as the measurement unit 11, and the stage 60, the control device 80, and the like function as the scanning unit 12.
  • the first radiation measurement unit 10A detects gamma rays from the gamma ray source by performing azimuth scanning.
  • the second radiation measurement unit 10 ⁇ / b> B has substantially the same structure as the radiation measurement apparatus 10 in FIG. 1, and includes a measurement unit 11 and a scanning unit 12.
  • the second radiation measurement unit 10B detects gamma rays from the gamma ray source by performing azimuth scanning.
  • the third radiation measurement unit 10 ⁇ / b> C has substantially the same structure as the radiation measurement apparatus 10 in FIG. 1, and includes a measurement unit 11 and a scanning unit 12.
  • the third radiation measurement unit 10C detects gamma rays from the gamma ray source by performing zenith angle scanning.
  • the overall control unit 90 operates the three radiation measurement units 10A, 10B, and 10C in synchronization, and monitors the detection result of gamma rays.
  • Three radiation measurement units 10A, 10B, and 10C can simultaneously monitor gamma rays from arbitrary positions in the three-dimensional space.
  • 10 A of 1st radiation measurement units change the azimuth angle cross section S1 which is a radiation detection direction or a window direction around the rotating shaft AX extended to a perpendicular direction.
  • the second radiation measurement unit 10B changes the azimuth angle cross section S2, which is the radiation detection direction or the window direction, around the rotation axis AX extending in the vertical direction.
  • the third radiation measurement unit 10 ⁇ / b> C changes the zenith angle section S ⁇ b> 3, which is the radiation detection direction or the window direction, around the rotation axis AX extending in the vertical direction.
  • the measurement results obtained by operating the three radiation measurement units 10A, 10B, and 10C in synchronization are monitored. Specifically, by processing detection outputs from the three radiation measurement units 10A, 10B, and 10C as, for example, products or as sums, an intensity distribution of radiation corresponding to scanning in a three-dimensional space is obtained. The spatial position and radiation intensity of the gamma ray source OB can be detected. In addition, it is also possible to perform the measurement which determines the incident direction of each radiation measurement unit 10A, 10B, 10C.
  • the measurement method using the radiation measurement system 100 is an example, and the spatial distribution of gamma ray intensity can be calculated by performing various arithmetic processes on the outputs of the three radiation measurement units 10A, 10B, and 10C.
  • the gamma ray source OB may be a moving body. In this case, it is necessary to make the operation of the scanning unit 12 correspond to the moving speed of the gamma ray source OB.
  • the collimator unit in which the scintillation fiber blade (detection unit) 22 provided in the detection window unit 20 limits the incident direction of radiation. Since it has 21a and the scintillation fiber array (primary detection part) 125 which converts the radiation which passed through the collimator part 21a into an optical signal, only the radiation from a specific direction can be detected selectively.
  • the secondary detection unit including the image intensifier unit 40 and the like detects the optical signal from the scintillation fiber blade 22 as a two-dimensional optical signal distribution, parallel processing of the detection output of the scintillation fiber blade 22 Therefore, it is possible to provide a high-speed and highly sensitive radiation measuring apparatus.
  • the collimator unit (azimuth limiting unit) 21a limits the incident direction of radiation to a direction in a predetermined cross section linearly arranged, radiation from a direction in the predetermined cross section can be selectively detected, By changing such a cross section, radiation from a desired direction in the cross section can be arbitrarily extracted.
  • the scintillation fiber array (primary detection unit) 125 is a sensor array in which a plurality of sensor units are arranged in the depth direction corresponding to the direction in a predetermined cross section limited by the collimator unit (direction limiting unit) 21a. Therefore, the scintillation fiber array 125 can detect the radiation efficiently without leakage, and the source can be identified. Further, according to the radiation measurement apparatus 10 or the like, a plurality of laminated bodies of scintillation fiber blades 22 as primary detection units provided in the detection window unit 20 are arranged so as to be distributed in a three-dimensional detection space.
  • the size, the arrangement direction, and the like of the scintillation fiber blades 22 in the detection window 20 can be arbitrarily changed according to the detection target, application, and the like. At this time, it is desirable from the viewpoint of identifying the radiation source, improving sensitivity, and the like to secure the depth of the plastic scintillator in which the scintillation fiber array 125 is laminated to a certain degree or more and completely absorb the gamma rays to be detected in the plastic scintillator.
  • the scintillation fiber blade 22 may include a plurality of collimator portions 21a as shown in FIG. 10A, and includes a plurality of scintillation fiber portions 21b or a scintillation fiber array 125 as shown in FIG. 10B. It may be. Further, the scintillation fiber blade 22 can be used alone.
  • the scintillation fiber portion 21b a large number of scintillation fibers 25 are arranged at equal intervals in the Y direction of FIG. 2, but the multiple scintillation fibers 25 are, for example, proportionally increased in distance or periodically increased or decreased. It is also possible to arrange them at non-uniform intervals. In this case, a model in which radiation is scattered in an isotropic space cannot be applied, but the identification and intensity of the radiation source can be determined by statistical processing adapted to such an arrangement.
  • the scintillation fibers 25 are basically arranged in the same direction.
  • the scintillation fiber array 125 of the first layer is arranged so that the scintillation fibers 25 extend in the Z direction
  • the second The scintillation fiber array 125 in the first layer is arranged so that the scintillation fiber 25 extends in the Y direction
  • the scintillation fiber array 125 in the third layer is arranged so that the scintillation fiber 25 extends in the Z direction. It is also possible to stack by changing the direction.
  • the collimator unit 21a can be omitted.
  • the scintillation fiber arrays 125 are stacked and the scintillation fibers 25 are arranged at an appropriate density in a three-dimensional measurement space, for example, direction determination and gamma rays can be determined from an image of a trace of reacted electrons. Energy, its attenuation, etc. can be determined.
  • the radiation measurement system 100 can be configured by, for example, two radiation measurement units 10A and 10C.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)

Abstract

L'objet de la présente invention concerne un dispositif de mesure de la radiation et un système de mesure de la radiation capables d'identifier une source de radiation, de déterminer de façon précise une dose et une direction entrante de radiation, ou de mesurer une répartition spatiale de l'intensité de radiation en provenance d'un objet devant être mesuré. Étant donné que des lames à fibres scintillantes (22) disposées dans une fenêtre de détection (20) comportent une section collimateur (21a) permettant de restreindre la direction incidente de la radiation et un réseau de fibres scintillantes (125) permettant de convertir une radiation qui est passée par la section collimateur (21a) en signaux optiques, seule la radiation provenant d'une direction spécifique peut être détectée de façon sélective. En outre, du fait qu'une unité de détection secondaire, qui comprend une unité d'intensification d'images (40) et analogue, détecte les signaux optiques provenant des lames à fibres scintillantes (22) sous la forme d'une distribution de signaux optiques secondaires, la détection et la sortie par les lames à fibres scintillantes (22) peuvent être réalisées simultanément. En conséquence, un dispositif de mesure de la radiation à grande vitesse et extrêmement sensible peut être proposé.
PCT/JP2013/059779 2012-03-31 2013-03-29 Dispositif de mesure de la radiation et système de mesure de la radiation WO2013147277A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2014508245A JP6199282B2 (ja) 2012-03-31 2013-03-29 放射線計測装置及び放射線計測システム

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2012-083380 2012-03-31
JP2012083380 2012-03-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013147277A1 true WO2013147277A1 (fr) 2013-10-03

Family

ID=49260515

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2013/059779 WO2013147277A1 (fr) 2012-03-31 2013-03-29 Dispositif de mesure de la radiation et système de mesure de la radiation

Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JP6199282B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013147277A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016125880A (ja) * 2014-12-26 2016-07-11 国立大学法人 東京大学 放射線計測システム及び光学系
CN112014873A (zh) * 2020-09-03 2020-12-01 北京卫星环境工程研究所 双端读出探测器的作用深度定位分辨率快速确定方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06214028A (ja) * 1993-01-21 1994-08-05 Fujitsu Ltd Ｘ線検出器
JP2002006052A (ja) * 2000-06-19 2002-01-09 Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Inst States Of Projects 複眼式線量分布測定方法
JP2006329905A (ja) * 2005-05-30 2006-12-07 Toshiba Corp ラインセンサ、ラインセンサユニット及び放射線非破壊検査システム

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5712354A (en) * 1980-06-26 1982-01-22 Rigaku Denki Kogyo Kk Apparatus for x-ray diffraction
DE19750935A1 (de) * 1997-11-17 1999-06-02 Siemens Ag Kollimator für Computertomographen

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH06214028A (ja) * 1993-01-21 1994-08-05 Fujitsu Ltd Ｘ線検出器
JP2002006052A (ja) * 2000-06-19 2002-01-09 Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Inst States Of Projects 複眼式線量分布測定方法
JP2006329905A (ja) * 2005-05-30 2006-12-07 Toshiba Corp ラインセンサ、ラインセンサユニット及び放射線非破壊検査システム

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016125880A (ja) * 2014-12-26 2016-07-11 国立大学法人 東京大学 放射線計測システム及び光学系
CN112014873A (zh) * 2020-09-03 2020-12-01 北京卫星环境工程研究所 双端读出探测器的作用深度定位分辨率快速确定方法
CN112014873B (zh) * 2020-09-03 2021-07-06 北京卫星环境工程研究所 双端读出探测器的作用深度定位分辨率快速确定方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPWO2013147277A1 (ja) 2015-12-14
JP6199282B2 (ja) 2017-09-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9040930B2 (en) Beam sensing
JP5400988B1 (ja) 放射性物質検出装置、放射線源位置可視化システム、および放射性物質検出方法
US10401308B2 (en) Dual-energy detection apparatus, system and method
US9383457B2 (en) Detector for detecting the traces of ionizing particles
WO2010126062A1 (fr) Scintillateur pour détection de neutrons et dispositif de mesure de neutrons
US8884236B2 (en) Detector with active collimators
JP2016533477A5 (fr)
CN106415319B (zh) 光子计数型检测器
JP2017515270A5 (ja) ハイブリッドエネルギー変換器
KR102675627B1 (ko) 수렴형 엑스레이 이미지 장치 및 방법
CN111323440A (zh) 一种x射线衍射诊断系统
JP3850711B2 (ja) 放射線利用検査装置
Hesse et al. Spatially resolved online particle detector using scintillators for laser-driven particle sources
JP6199282B2 (ja) 放射線計測装置及び放射線計測システム
Arefev et al. Beam Test Results of the LHCb Electromagnetic Calorimeter.
JP6699018B2 (ja) 放射線計測システム
JP6808214B2 (ja) 放射線計測装置
US20230293126A1 (en) Backscattered x-photon imaging device
Pappalardo et al. An imaging technique for detection and absolute calibration of scintillation light
JP2017026423A (ja) コンプトンカメラ及びその変位検出方法
JP4217788B2 (ja) 放射線到達位置検出方法及び装置
Grachev et al. X-ray camera Based on CMOS Sensor
US20190324157A1 (en) Rod lens array coupled linear radiation detector with radiation coming from a side direction of scintillating material
JP2017044588A (ja) Ｘ線検出器およびｘ線撮像システム
JP2021188951A (ja) 撮像装置および撮像方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 13769801

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2014508245

Country of ref document: JP

Kind code of ref document: A

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 13769801

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1