Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
  • H04W24/10—Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04B—TRANSMISSION
  • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
  • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
  • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
  • H04B17/318—Received signal strength
  • H04B17/328—Reference signal received power [RSRP]; Reference signal received quality [RSRQ]
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
  • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
  • H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
  • H04L1/0026—Transmission of channel quality indication
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
  • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
  • H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
  • H04L1/0027—Scheduling of signalling, e.g. occurrence thereof
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
  • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
  • H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
  • H04L1/0028—Formatting
  • H04L1/0029—Reduction of the amount of signalling, e.g. retention of useful signalling or differential signalling
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
  • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
  • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
  • H04L5/0051—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver of dedicated pilots, i.e. pilots destined for a single user or terminal
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
  • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
  • H04L5/0053—Allocation of signalling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
  • H04L5/0057—Physical resource allocation for CQI
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04B—TRANSMISSION
  • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
  • H04B17/20—Monitoring; Testing of receivers
  • H04B17/24—Monitoring; Testing of receivers with feedback of measurements to the transmitter
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04B—TRANSMISSION
  • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
  • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
  • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04B—TRANSMISSION
  • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
  • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
  • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
  • H04B17/318—Received signal strength
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
  • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
  • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
  • H04L25/0204—Channel estimation of multiple channels
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
  • H04L5/0091—Signalling for the administration of the divided path, e.g. signalling of configuration information
  • H04L5/0094—Indication of how sub-channels of the path are allocated

Definitions

• aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to wireless communication systems, and more particularly to controlling relay station activity states.
• Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasts.
• Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power).
• multiple-access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency divisional multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems.
• CDMA code division multiple access
• TDMA time division multiple access
• FDMA frequency division multiple access
• OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
• SC-FDMA single-carrier frequency divisional multiple access
• TD-SCDMA time division synchronous code division multiple access
• LTE Long Term Evolution
• UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
• 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project
• DL downlink
• SC-FDMA downlink
• MIMO multiple-input multiple-output
• An aspect of the present disclosure is directed to reducing overhead by allocating overlapping sets of resources to different UEs.
• the resources may be for channel measurements (such as channel state information (CSI) feedback) and received power measurements (such as reference signal received power (RSRP) measurements).
• CSI channel state information
• RSRP reference signal received power
• the overlapping resources may include a first set of resources for channel
• the present aspect of the disclosure further includes receiving the CSI measurement report and the received power measurement report based on the first set of resources and the second set or resources, respectively.
• a method of wireless communication includes allocating overlapping sets of resources to different UEs. The method also includes receiving a channel measurement report based at least in part on the first set of resources. The method further includes receiving a received power measurement report based at least in part on the second set of resources.
• a method of wireless communication includes receiving grouped channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) in bursts, the burst having a first periodicity.
• the method may also include receiving one or more non-grouped CSI-RS with a second periodicity.
• CSI-RS channel state information reference signal
• Another configuration discloses an apparatus including means for allocating overlapping sets of resources to different UEs.
• the apparatus also includes means for receiving a channel measurement report based at least in part on the first set of resources.
• the apparatus further includes means for receiving a received power measurement report based at least in part on the second set of resources.
• an apparatus of wireless communication includes means for receiving grouped CSI-RS in bursts, the burst having a first periodicity.
• the apparatus may also include means for receiving one or more non-grouped CSI-RS with a second periodicity.
• a computer program product for wireless communications in a wireless network having a non-transitory computer-readable medium has non-transitory program code recorded thereon which, when executed by a processor(s), causes the processor(s) to allocate overlapping sets of resources to different UEs.
• the program code also causes the processor(s) to receive a channel measurement report based at least in part on the first set of resources.
• the program code further causes the processor(s) to receive a received power measurement report based at least in part on the second set of resources.
• a computer program product for wireless communications in a wireless network having a non-transitory computer-readable medium has non-transitory program code recorded thereon which, when executed by the processor(s), causes the processor(s) to grouped CSI-RS in bursts, the burst having a first periodicity.
• the program code may also causes the processor(s) to receive one or more non-grouped CSI-RS with a second periodicity.
• Another configuration discloses wireless communication having a memory and at least one processor coupled to the memory.
• the processor(s) is configured to allocate overlapping sets of resources to different UEs.
• the processor(s) is also configured to receive a channel measurement report based at least in part on the first set of resources.
• the processor(s) is further configured to receive a received power measurement report based at least in part on the second set of resources.
• wireless communication having a memory and at least one processor coupled to the memory.
• the processor(s) is configured to receive a grouped CSI-RS in bursts, the burst having a first periodicity.
• processor(s) may also be further configured to receive non-grouped CSI-RS having a second periodicity.
• FIGURE 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a network architecture.
• FIGURE 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of an access network.
• FIGURE 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a downlink frame structure in LTE.
• FIGURE 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of an uplink frame structure in LTE.
• FIGURE 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a radio protocol architecture for the user and control plane.
• FIGURE 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of an evolved Node B and user equipment in an access network.
• FIGURE 7 is a diagram illustrating channel state information reference signals patterns in a downlink frame structure in a network according to aspects of the present disclosure.
• FIGURES 8A - 8C are diagrams illustrating timing of channel state information reference signals for discontinuous reception schemes according to aspects of the present disclosure.
• FIGURE 9 is a block diagram illustrating a method for configuring channel state information reference signals according to an aspect of the present disclosure.
• FIGURE 10 is a conceptual data flow diagram illustrating the data flow between different modules/means/components in an exemplary apparatus.
• FIGURE 11 is a block diagram illustrating different modules/means/components in an exemplary apparatus.
• FIGURE 12 is a block diagram illustrating a method for receiving configuring channel state information reference signals according to an aspect of the present disclosure.
• FIGURE 13 is a block diagram illustrating a method for reporting channel state information reference signals resources according to aspects of the present disclosure.
• FIGURE 14 is a conceptual data flow diagram illustrating the data flow between different modules/means/components in an exemplary apparatus.
• FIGURE 15 is a block diagram illustrating different modules/means/components in an exemplary apparatus.
• processors include microprocessors,
• DSPs digital signal processors
• FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
• PLDs programmable logic devices
• state machines gated logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functionality described throughout this disclosure.
• processors in the processing system may execute software.
• Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.
• the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or encoded as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium.
• Computer-readable media includes computer storage media. Storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer.
• such computer- readable media can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.
• Disk and disc includes compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and Blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.
• FIGURE 1 is a diagram illustrating an LTE network architecture 100.
• the LTE network architecture 100 may be referred to as an Evolved Packet System (EPS) 100.
• the EPS 100 may include one or more user equipment (UE) 102, an Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN) 104, an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 110, a Home Subscriber Server (HSS) 120, and an Operator's IP Services 122.
• the EPS can interconnect with other access networks, but for simplicity those
• the EPS provides packet-switched services, however, as those skilled in the art will readily appreciate, the various concepts presented throughout this disclosure may be extended to networks providing circuit- switched services.
• the E-UTRAN includes the evolved Node B (eNodeB) 106 and other eNodeBs 108.
• the eNodeB 106 provides user and control plane protocol terminations toward the UE 102.
• the eNodeB 106 may be connected to the other eNodeBs 108 via a backhaul (e.g., an X2 interface).
• the eNodeB 106 may also be referred to as a base station, a base transceiver station, a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a transceiver function, a basic service set (BSS), an extended service set (ESS), or some other suitable terminology.
• BSS basic service set
• ESS extended service set
• the eNodeB 106 provides an access point to the EPC 110 for a UE 102.
• UEs 102 include a cellular phone, a smart phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a satellite radio, a global positioning system, a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player (e.g., MP3 player), a camera, a game console, or any other similar functioning device.
• the UE 102 may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communications device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, or some other suitable terminology.
• the eNodeB 106 is connected to the EPC 110 via, e.g., an SI interface.
• the EPC 110 includes a Mobility Management Entity (MME) 112, other MMEs 114, a Serving Gateway 116, and a Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway 118.
• MME Mobility Management Entity
• PDN Packet Data Network
• the MME 112 is the control node that processes the signaling between the UE 102 and the EPC 110.
• the MME 112 provides bearer and connection management. All user IP packets are transferred through the Serving Gateway 116, which itself is connected to the PDN Gateway 118.
• the PDN Gateway 118 provides UE IP address allocation as well as other functions.
• the PDN Gateway 118 is connected to the Operator's IP Services 122.
• FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of an access network 200 in an LTE network architecture.
• the access network 200 is divided into a number of cellular regions (cells) 202.
• One or more lower power class eNodeBs 208 may have cellular regions 210 that overlap with one or more of the cells 202.
• a lower power class eNodeB 208 may be a remote radio head (RRH), a femto cell (e.g., home eNodeB (HeNB)), a pico cell, or a micro cell.
• RRH remote radio head
• HeNB home eNodeB
• the macro eNodeBs 204 are each assigned to a respective cell 202 and are configured to provide an access point to the EPC 110 for all the UEs 206 in the cells 202.
• the eNodeBs 204 are responsible for all radio related functions including radio bearer control, admission control, mobility control, scheduling, security, and connectivity to the serving gateway 116.
• the modulation and multiple access scheme employed by the access network 200 may vary depending on the particular telecommunications standard being deployed.
• OFDM is used on the downlink
• SC-FDMA is used on the uplink to support both frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD).
• FDD frequency division duplexing
• TDD time division duplexing
• FDD frequency division duplexing
• TDD time division duplexing
• EV-DO Evolution-Data Optimized
• UMB Ultra Mobile Broadband
• EV-DO and UMB are air interface standards promulgated by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2) as part of the CDMA2000 family of standards and employs CDMA to provide broadband Internet access to mobile stations. These concepts may also be extended to Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) employing Wideband-CDMA (W-CDMA) and other variants of CDMA, such as TD- SCDMA; Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) employing TDMA; and Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, and Flash-OFDM employing OFDMA.
• UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE and GSM are described in documents from the 3 GPP
• CDMA2000 and UMB are described in documents from the 3GPP2 organization.
• the actual wireless communication standard and the multiple access technology employed will depend on the specific application and the overall design constraints imposed on the system.
• the eNodeBs 204 may have multiple antennas supporting MIMO technology.
• MIMO technology enables the eNodeBs 204 to exploit the spatial domain to support spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and transmit diversity.
• Spatial multiplexing may be used to transmit different streams of data simultaneously on the same frequency.
• the data steams may be transmitted to a single UE 206 to increase the data rate or to multiple UEs 206 to increase the overall system capacity. This is achieved by spatially precoding each data stream (i.e., applying a scaling of an amplitude and a phase) and then transmitting each spatially precoded stream through multiple transmit antennas on the downlink.
• the spatially precoded data streams arrive at the UE(s) 206 with different spatial signatures, which enables each of the UE(s) 206 to recover the one or more data streams destined for that UE 206.
• each UE 206 transmits a spatially precoded data stream, which enables the eNodeB 204 to identify the source of each spatially precoded data stream.
• Beamforming may be used to focus the transmission energy in one or more directions. This may be achieved by spatially precoding the data for transmission through multiple antennas. To achieve good coverage at the edges of the cell, a single stream beamforming transmission may be used in combination with transmit diversity.
• OFDM is a spread-spectrum technique that modulates data over a number of subcarriers within an OFDM symbol.
• the subcarriers are spaced apart at precise frequencies. The spacing provides "orthogonality" that enables a receiver to recover the data from the subcarriers.
• a guard interval e.g., cyclic prefix
• the uplink may use SC-FDMA in the form of a DFT-spread OFDM signal to compensate for high peak-to- average power ratio (PAPR).
• PAPR peak-to- average power ratio
• FIGURE 3 is a diagram 300 illustrating an example of a downlink frame structure in LTE.
• a frame (10 ms) may be divided into 10 equally sized sub-frames. Each sub-frame may include two consecutive time slots.
• a resource grid may be used to represent two time slots, each time slot including a resource block.
• the resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements.
• a resource block contains 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain and, for a normal cyclic prefix in each OFDM symbol, 7 consecutive OFDM symbols in the time domain, or 84 resource elements.
• For an extended cyclic prefix a resource block contains 6 consecutive OFDM symbols in the time domain and has 72 resource elements.
• the DL-RS include Cell-specific RS (CRS) (also sometimes called common RS) 302 and UE-specific RS (UE-RS) 304.
• UE-RS 304 are transmitted only on the resource blocks upon which the corresponding physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) is mapped.
• PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
• the number of bits carried by each resource element depends on the modulation scheme. Thus, the more resource blocks that a UE receives and the higher the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate for the UE.
• FIGURE 4 is a diagram 400 illustrating an example of an uplink frame structure in LTE.
• the available resource blocks for the uplink may be partitioned into a data section and a control section.
• the control section may be formed at the two edges of the system bandwidth and may have a configurable size.
• the resource blocks in the control section may be assigned to UEs for transmission of control information.
• the data section may include all resource blocks not included in the control section.
• the uplink frame structure results in the data section including contiguous subcarriers, which may allow a single UE to be assigned all of the contiguous subcarriers in the data section.
• a UE may be assigned resource blocks 410a, 410b in the control section to transmit control information to an eNodeB.
• the UE may also be assigned resource blocks 420a, 420b in the data section to transmit data to the eNodeB.
• the UE may transmit control information in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) on the assigned resource blocks in the control section.
• the UE may transmit only data or both data and control information in a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) on the assigned resource blocks in the data section.
• An uplink transmission may span both slots of a subframe and may hop across frequency.
• a set of resource blocks may be used to perform initial system access and achieve uplink synchronization in a physical random access channel (PRACH) 430.
• the PRACH 430 carries a random sequence and cannot carry any uplink data/signaling.
• Each random access preamble occupies a bandwidth corresponding to six consecutive resource blocks.
• the starting frequency is specified by the network. That is, the transmission of the random access preamble is restricted to certain time and frequency resources. There is no frequency hopping for the PRACH.
• the PRACH attempt is carried in a single subframe (1 ms) or in a sequence of few contiguous subframes and a UE can make only a single PRACH attempt per frame (10 ms).
• FIGURE 5 is a diagram 500 illustrating an example of a radio protocol architecture for the user and control planes in LTE.
• the radio protocol architecture for the UE and the eNodeB is shown with three layers: Layer 1, Layer 2, and Layer 3.
• Layer 1 is the lowest layer and implements various physical layer signal processing functions.
• the LI layer will be referred to herein as the physical layer 506.
• Layer 2 (L2 layer) 508 is above the physical layer 506 and is responsible for the link between the UE and eNodeB over the physical layer 506.
• the L2 layer 508 includes a media access control (MAC) sublayer 510, a radio link control (RLC) sublayer 512, and a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) 514 sublayer, which are terminated at the eNodeB on the network side.
• MAC media access control
• RLC radio link control
• PDCP packet data convergence protocol
• the UE may have several upper layers above the L2 layer 508 including a network layer (e.g., IP layer) that is terminated at the PDN gateway 118 on the network side, and an application layer that is terminated at the other end of the connection (e.g., far end UE, server, etc.).
• IP layer e.g., IP layer
• the PDCP sublayer 514 provides multiplexing between different radio bearers and logical channels.
• the PDCP sublayer 514 also provides header compression for upper layer data packets to reduce radio transmission overhead, security by ciphering the data packets, and handover support for the UEs between eNodeBs.
• the RLC sublayer 512 provides segmentation and reassembly of upper layer data packets, retransmission of lost data packets, and reordering of data packets to compensate for out-of-order reception due to hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ).
• HARQ hybrid automatic repeat request
• the MAC sublayer 510 provides multiplexing between logical and transport channels.
• the MAC sublayer 510 is also responsible for allocating the various radio resources (e.g., resource blocks) in one cell among the UEs.
• the MAC sublayer 510 is also responsible for HARQ operations.
• the radio protocol architecture for the UE and eNodeB is substantially the same for the physical layer 506 and the L2 layer 508 with the exception that there is no header compression function for the control plane.
• the control plane also includes a radio resource control (R C) sublayer 516 in Layer 3 (L3 layer).
• the R C sublayer 516 is responsible for obtaining radio resources (i.e., radio bearers) and for configuring the lower layers using RRC signaling between the eNodeB and the UE.
• FIGURE 6 is a block diagram of an eNodeB 610 in communication with a UE 650 in an access network.
• a controller/processor 675 implements the functionality of the L2 layer.
• the controller/processor 675 provides header compression, ciphering, packet segmentation and reordering, multiplexing between logical and transport channels, and radio resource allocations to the UE 650 based on various priority metrics.
• the controller/processor 675 is also responsible for HARQ operations, retransmission of lost packets, and signaling to the UE 650.
• the TX processor 616 implements various signal processing functions for the LI layer (i.e., physical layer).
• the signal processing functions includes coding and interleaving to facilitate forward error correction (FEC) at the UE 650 and mapping to signal constellations based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase-shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), M-phase-shift keying (M-PSK), M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM)).
• FEC forward error correction
• BPSK binary phase-shift keying
• QPSK quadrature phase-shift keying
• M-PSK M-phase-shift keying
• M-QAM M-quadrature amplitude modulation
• Each stream is then mapped to an OFDM subcarrier, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., pilot) in the time and/or frequency domain, and then combined together using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a time domain OFDM symbol stream.
• the OFDM stream is spatially precoded to produce multiple spatial streams.
• Channel estimates from a channel estimator 674 may be used to determine the coding and modulation scheme, as well as for spatial processing.
• the channel estimate may be derived from a reference signal and/or channel condition feedback transmitted by the UE 650.
• Each spatial stream is then provided to a different antenna 620 via a separate transmitter 618TX.
• Each transmitter 618TX modulates an RF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.
• each receiver 654RX receives a signal through its respective antenna 652. Each receiver 654RX recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to the receiver (RX) processor 656.
• the RX processor 656 implements various signal processing functions of the LI layer.
• the RX processor 656 performs spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial streams destined for the UE 650. If multiple spatial streams are destined for the UE 650, they may be combined by the RX processor 656 into a single OFDM symbol stream.
• the RX processor 656 then converts the OFDM symbol stream from the time-domain to the frequency domain using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT).
• FFT Fast Fourier Transform
• the frequency domain signal comprises a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal.
• the symbols on each subcarrier, and the reference signal is recovered and demodulated by determining the most likely signal constellation points transmitted by the eNodeB 610. These soft decisions may be based on channel estimates computed by the channel estimator 658.
• the soft decisions are then decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signals that were originally transmitted by the eNodeB 610 on the physical channel.
• the data and control signals are then provided to the
• controller/processor 659
• the controller/processor 659 implements the L2 layer.
• the controller/processor can be associated with a memory 660 that stores program codes and data.
• the memory 660 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium.
• the uplink the uplink, the
• controller/processor 659 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, control signal processing to recover upper layer packets from the core network.
• the upper layer packets are then provided to a data sink 662, which represents all the protocol layers above the L2 layer.
• Various control signals may also be provided to the data sink 662 for L3 processing.
• the controller/processor 659 is also responsible for error detection using an acknowledgement (ACK) and/or negative acknowledgement (NACK) protocol to support HARQ operations.
• ACK acknowledgement
• NACK negative acknowledgement
• a data source 667 is used to provide upper layer packets to the controller/processor 659.
• the data source 667 represents all protocol layers above the L2 layer.
• the controller/processor 659 implements the L2 layer for the user plane and the control plane by providing header compression, ciphering, packet segmentation and reordering, and multiplexing between logical and transport channels based on radio resource allocations by the eNodeB 610.
• controller/processor 659 is also responsible for HARQ operations, retransmission of lost packets, and signaling to the eNodeB 610.
• Channel estimates derived by a channel estimator 658 from a reference signal or feedback transmitted by the eNodeB 610 may be used by the TX processor 668 to select the appropriate coding and modulation schemes, and to facilitate spatial processing.
• the spatial streams generated by the TX processor 668 are provided to different antenna 652 via separate transmitters 654TX. Each transmitter 654TX modulates an RF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.
• the uplink transmission is processed at the eNodeB 610 in a manner similar to that described in connection with the receiver function at the UE 650.
• Each receiver 618RX receives a signal through its respective antenna 620.
• Each receiver 618RX recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to a RX processor 670.
• the RX processor 670 may implement the LI layer.
• the controller/processor 675 implements the L2 layer.
• the controller/processor 675 can be associated with a memory 676 that stores program codes and data.
• the memory 676 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium.
• the controller/processor 675 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, control signal processing to recover upper layer packets from the UE 650.
• Upper layer packets from the controller/processor 675 may be provided to the core network.
• controller/processor 675 is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and/or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.
• CoMP coordinated multi-point transmission scheme
• CoMP schemes may include coordinated scheduling and coordinated beam forming (CS/CB), dynamic point selection (DPS) and joint transmission (JT) schemes.
• Joint transmission schemes may be coherent or non-coherent.
• Homogeneous CoMP schemes may coordinate eNodeBs across cells of the same macro site or across three neighboring macro sites.
• heterogeneous CoMP schemes may coordinate eNodeBs across a macro cell and its pico cells (including remote radio heads (RRHs)) in which the macro cells and the remote radio heads may be configured with the same cell IDs or different cell IDs.
• RRHs remote radio heads
• the use of the same cell ID for the macro cells and the remote radio heads in a heterogeneous CoMP scheme reduces dependency on physical cell IDs.
• channel state information reference signals are used for channel measurement.
• LTE Release 10 supports non-zero power (NZP) and zero power (ZP) CSI-RS.
• the non-zero power CSI-RS includes reference signals and may be used for channel measurement.
• the zero power CSI-RS are muted tones that may be specified for muting non-zero power patterns corresponding to neighboring cells. These muted non-zero power patterns may be used for channel measurements and/or interference measurements at the serving cell.
• CoMP schemes may include specifications for the CSI-RS to include channel measurements for more than one transmission point. Such schemes support more than one non-zero power CSI-RS resource for CSI-RS based power measurement and may use additional zero power CSI-RS resources for improved muting. Interference measurements in CoMP schemes may be based on a revised zero power CSI-RS and non-zero power CSI-RS resource configuration.
• CSI-RS resources may be used for either CSI feedback (e.g., RI/PMI/CQI reporting) or CSI-RS based reference signal received power (RSRP) reporting.
• CSI feedback e.g., RI/PMI/CQI reporting
• RSRP reference signal received power
• a particular CSI-RS resource may correspond to one instance of CSI-RSRP reporting and/or CSI feedback.
• expanding the use of CSI-RS resources beyond transmission points or cells may enable new forms of feedback, such as aggregated feedback.
• Certain non-zero power CSI-RS resources may be defined based on a combination of an antenna ports count (antennaPortsCount), a resource configuration (resourceConfig), and a subframe configuration (subframeConfig).
• the antenna ports count is the number of ports that can be configured independently per CSI-RS resource. Therefore, the CSI resources may not have the same number of antenna ports.
• the resource configuration specifies a pattern of a CSI-RS to be used by tones or resource elements (REs). The RE patterns may be configured independently.
• the subframe configuration specifies a periodicity and subframe offset for CSI-RS transmissions. The periodicity and subframe offset may be configured independently or jointly.
• the aforementioned parameters may include sub-parameters to indicate how the CSI-RS is to be transmitted.
• the CSI-RS scrambling sequence initialization is based on a physical cell ID.
• a virtual cell ID may be used for the scrambling sequence instead of the physical cell ID. That is, in LTE Release 11, the CSI-RS scrambling sequence initialization may be based on a virtual cell ID.
• the virtual cell ID is configurable for each CSI-RS resource via the radio resource control (RRC) sub-layer.
• LTE Release 11 may also support CSI-RS based received power measurement(s) and feedback, such as CSI-RSRP.
• the CSI-RSRP may be used to perform CoMP set management.
• a UE may periodically perform the CSI-RSRP
• CSI-RSRP may be reported for approximately four to eight CSI- RS resources.
• a UE may perform RI/PMI/CQI feedback for multiple CSI-RS resources. That is, the RI/PMI/CQI feedback may be based on the CSI-RSRP measurements and CSI measurements.
• the CSI reporting may be performed for approximately two or three CSI-RS resources. In one configuration, to reduce computational complexity, CSI may be performed for only two CSI-RS resources.
• zero power CSI-RS configurations may be specified to facilitate muting by neighboring cells.
• the number of zero power CSI-RS configurations may depend on whether the zero power CSI-RS is used only for CSI feedback or for both CSI and CSI-RSRP measurement.
• CSI feedback may be either periodic or aperiodic.
• Aperiodic feedback is performed on a per-request basis and may be triggered by the network through a grant on a control channel, such as the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH).
• a control channel such as the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH).
• Reporting of aperiodic feedback may be performed on a shared uplink channel, such as the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH).
• PUSCH physical uplink shared channel
• the aperiodic feedback may support higher payload transmissions.
• Various reporting modes are defined based on different performance/overhead tradeoffs.
• Periodic CSI feedback follows a specific timeline that is configured semi-statically. Furthermore, the periodic feedback may have a limited payload because the periodic CSI feedback is transmitted on an uplink control channel, such as the PUCCH.
• a first CSI-RS configuration type includes CSI-RS resources for CSI-RSRP measurement.
• a second CSI-RS configuration type includes CSI-RS resources for CSI feedback.
• the second CSI-RS configuration type may be further differentiated into CSI-RS resources for channel measurement and CSI-RS resources for interference measurement.
• a third CSI-RS configuration type includes zero-power CSI- RS resources. The zero power CSI-RS resources in the third CSI-RS configuration type may be specified for muting to improve measurement in neighboring cells and for interference measurement.
• the parameters of the first CSI- RS configuration type may include a number of antenna ports (e.g., antennaPortsCount), a resource pattern (e.g., resourceConfig), a periodicity/offset for the CSI-RS
• the number of CSI-RS resources configured for the first CSI-RS configuration type is referred to as 3 ⁇ 4.
• the parameters of the second CSI-RS configuration type are the same as the parameters of the first CSI-RS configuration type.
• the number of CSI-RS resources configured for the second CSI-RS configuration type is referred to as K 2 .
• the number of CSI-RS resources allocated for CSI-RSRP measurements is greater than the number of CSI-RS resources allocated for CSI feedback. Accordingly, in this configuration, Ki is greater than or equal to K 2 .
• the third CSI-RS configuration type may include two alternatives.
• parameters of the third CSI-RS configuration type include a single periodicity/offset and a
• parameters of the third CSI-RS configuration type include multiple periodicity/offsets and/or allow muting patters with less than four ports.
• the number of CSI-RS resources that are muted for the third CSI-RS configuration type is referred to as K 3 .
• the number of CSI-RS resources allocated for CSI-RSRP measurements is greater than the number of CSI-RS resources allocated for CSI feedback. Accordingly, in this configuration, Ki is greater than or equal to K 2 . Furthermore, in another configuration, the number of CSI-RS resources configured for CSI feedback is greater than or equal to a number of CSI-RS resources configured as zero power CSI-RS (i.e., Ki is greater than or equal to K 2 , and K 2 is greater than or equal to K 3 ). In the present configuration, muting may be only performed for CSI feedback and not for CSI-RS based CSI-RSRP measurement.
• the number of CSI-RS resources allocated for CSI- RSRP measurements is greater than the number of CSI-RS resources allocated for zero power CSI-RS. Furthermore, the number of CSI-RS resources allocated for zero power CSI-RS may be greater than the number of CSI-RS resources configured for CSI feedback (i.e., Ki is greater than or equal to K 3 , and K 3 is greater than or equal to K 2 ). In the present configuration, muting may be performed for both CSI feedback and CSI- RS based CSI-RSRP reporting.
• non-zero power CSI-RS resources may overlap with zero power CSI-RS resources. That is, the non-zero power CSI-RS resources may be mapped to the same resource elements as the zero power CSI-RS resources.
• the overlap may be a full or partial overlap.
• an overlap of non-zero power CSI-RS resources with zero power CSI-RS resources may be resolved by specifying that nonzero power CSI-RS resources take priority over zero power CSI-RS resources.
• the same CSI-RS pattern may be used for the different measurements (e.g., CSI-RSRP measurements and CSI feedback). That is, the first CSI-RS configuration type may overlap with the second CSI-RS configuration type to reduce the number transmitted CSI-RS reference signals (i.e., reuse CSI-RS transmissions for both CSI-RSRP and channel measurement). More specifically, the CSI-RS pattern transmitted to a UE may point to the same resources for the first CSI-RS configuration and the second CSI-RS configuration.
• a transmission point with four transmitters may transmit CSI-RS with four ports 710 for UEs that perform CSI feedback, such as UE 1.
• the UEs that measure CSI-RSRP for this point may be signaled via a two port pattern 720 that is a subset of the four port pattern 710 for the other UE.
• the UE2 uses a subset (e.g., two port pattern 720) of the four port pattern 710 for CSI-RSRP measurement.
• the overhead increases because the eNodeB provides a separate two port pattern for the UE2.
• Reuse of CSI-RS transmissions across the first CSI-RS configuration type and the second CSI-RS configuration type may occur in only some sub frames if the first CSI-RS configuration type and the second CSI-RS configuration type are configured with different periodicities. This may be the case if CSI-RSRP and CSI measurements are configured to be based on different periodicities.
• a single UE may receive a four port configuration for CSI feedback and a two port configuration for CSI-RSRP measurements.
• the two port configuration overlaps with the four port configuration. Accordingly, in the case of an overlap, the UE may select the ports to use for the CSI-RSRP
• the CSI-RS patterns overlap, conflicts may also occur due to different cell IDs specified for the overlapping patterns in the first CSI-RS configuration type and the second CSI-RS configuration type. These overlaps may not be considered as errors from the UE perspective. For example, if the overlapping patterns are consistent, a UE may independently follow the first CSI-RS configuration type for CSI-RSRP reporting and follow the second CSI-RS configuration type for CSI reporting. [0082] According to an aspect of the present disclosure, various options may be specified if the overlapping patterns in the first CSI-RS configuration type and the second CSI-RS configuration type specify different cell IDs. In a first option, one of the overlapping patterns is chosen based on a specified priority, where the priority may be predetermined. For example, the configuration for CSI feedback may have priority over the configuration for CSI-RSRP measurements.
• overlapping patterns may be ignored and a non-overlapping pattern may be selected. That is, the second option disregards the overlapping of the CSI-RS configuration.
• the conflicting overlapping patterns are considered to be an error condition (e.g., RRC configuration error), and the entire CSI- RS configuration is disregarded.
• the network is specified to mitigate the error condition.
• the overlapping patterns may not be treated as an error case. Instead, the UE may separately carry out CSI- RSRP and/or CSI measurements in line with configured CSI-RS configurations. This UE behavior may correspond to the case in which the network transmits all of the overlapping CSI-RS configurations on the same resource elements as colliding reference signals.
• the CSI-RS based CSI-RSRP may be reported using a number of different reporting schemes.
• a first CSI-RSRP reporting scheme the reporting is triggered at a UE based on event criteria configured by the eNodeB.
• a second CSI-RSRP reporting scheme the reporting is triggered by the UE based on aperiodic reporting via a grant requesting the aperiodic feedback.
• the CSI-RSRP reporting is triggered based on periodic reporting and follows a reporting timeline configured by the eNodeB. Furthermore, cycling through points, the UE selection (M-best reporting), or a combination thereof may be used in combination with these three reporting schemes.
• Typical CSI-RSRP values are encoded in seven bits which provides ninety seven different possible CSI-RSRP values.
• the CSI-RS based CSI-RSRP may not use all of the different possible CSI-RSRP values when the UE is only interested in determining the strongest points.
• the CSI-RS based CSI- RSRP is encoded differentially based on the strongest cell. Reporting may saturate for points that are below a threshold compared to the serving cell. The differential reporting can be based on one absolute CSI-RS based CSI-RSRP report. Alternatively, the reference point may be the CRS based RSRP report of the serving cell.
• CSI-RS is used for CSI-RSRP measurement for CoMP set management or for radio resource management (RRM) where there are limited configuration options for the CSI-RS periodicity (e.g., the shortest periodicity of CSI- RS is 5 milliseconds (ms)).
• the CSI-RS may have a variable offset, that is, the CSI-RS may be placed in any desired subframe. Still, the minimum periodicity for two CSI-RS' of the same configuration is 5 ms.
• a burst of CSI-RS in a short time period is provided. The burst may be followed by a long pause and then followed by another burst of CSI-RS. The burst of CSI-RS may occur when the UE is on during a DRX cycle. In another configuration, a burst of CSI-RS is received in a short time period while a single CSI-RS is periodically transmitted between the bursts of CSI-RS.
• FIGURE 8 A illustrates a typical CSI-RS configuration with one period.
• one CSI-RS measurement 802 is performed in each of the short DRX cycle at times 804.
• a group of densely located CSI-RSs 806 are configured.
• the CSI-RS are configured within the on-duration 808 of 5 ms and with larger periodicity between groups, rather than configuring CSI-RS with fixed periodicity.
• a periodicity of 40 ms between groups may be configured to match a short or long DRX cycle.
• the group 806 may consist of one type of CSI-RS.
• the group 806 may consist of multiple types of CSI-RS, such as CSI-RS for CSI-RSRP, CSI-RS for CSI feedback, CSI-RS for CoMP set management, or CSI-RS for interference management.
• the CSI-RS is configured such that when the UE wakes up during the on-duration period, the UE may obtain the measurements before becoming inactive for the next DRX sleep period.
• a group of densely located CSI-RSs 810 are configured. That is, the CSI-RSs 810 may be configured within the on-duration 812 of 5 ms. Also, CSI-RSs 814 are periodically provided in symbols between groups 810. For example, a periodicity of 40 ms between groups 810 may be configured to match a short or long DRX cycle. In this
• a single CSI-RS 814 is also configured to repeat periodically between the groups 810.
• the single CSI-RS 814 may be configured with a periodicity of 10 ms, between to the groups of densely located CSI-RSs 810 configured with a periodicity of 40 ms.
• a larger control channel section is configured during the DRX on periods.
• an allocation size of an enhanced control channel such as an ePDCCH, is sub frame dependent and is increased during the DRX- ON periods.
• the larger control section enables many UEs that are in the same DRX-ON period to be woken up, which may provide for a more efficient schedule.
• the RRC may specify the configuration of different ePDCCH regions for different subframes.
• the configuration of the ePDCCH regions is dynamically signaled.
• the configuration of the ePDCCH regions may be signaled by introducing an extended physical control format indicator channel (ePCFICH). Signaling on the ePCFICH allows the ePDCCH region to change on a sub frame basis or on a group of sub frame basis.
• ePCFICH extended physical control format indicator channel
• FIGURE 9 illustrates a method 900 for wireless communication.
• a base station allocates overlapping sets of resources to different UEs.
• the overlapping resources include at least a first set of resources and a second set of resources.
• the first set of resources are allocated to a first UE for a channel measurement, such as CSI feedback.
• the second set of resources are allocated to a second UE for received power measurements, such as CSI-RSRP measurements.
• the UE may be signaled with a third CSI-RS configuration type corresponding to zero-power CSI-RS resources.
• the zero power CSI-RS resources in the third CSI-RS configuration type may be muted to improve measurement in neighboring cells and for interference measurement at the serving cell.
• the base station receives a CSI report based at least in part on the first set of resources in block 904.
• the CSI report can be based on, for example, a CSI-RS generated specifically for CSI reporting.
• the base station receives a received power measurement report based at least in part on the second set of resources in block 906.
• the power measurement report can be based on, for example, a CSI-RS generated specifically for power measurement reports.
• the reception of the CSI report and received power measurement report is in response to the base station transmitting the allocation of the first set of resources and the second set of resources to the respective UEs.
• the eNodeB 610 is configured for wireless communication including means for allocating.
• the allocating means may be the controller/processor 675, transmit processor 616, and/or memory 676 configured to perform the functions recited by the allocating means.
• the eNodeB 610 is also configured to include a means for receiving.
• the receiving means may be the receive processor 670, demodulators 618, controller/processor 675, and/or antenna 620 configured to perform the functions recited by the receiving means.
• the aforementioned means may be any module or any apparatus configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means.
• the UE 650 is configured for wireless
• the receiving means may be the controller/processor 659, memory 660, receive processor 656, modulators 654, and/or antenna 652 configured to perform the functions recited by the receiving means.
• FIGURE 10 is a conceptual data flow diagram illustrating the data flow between different modules/means/components in an exemplary apparatus 1000.
• the apparatus 1000 includes a receiving module 1006 that receives a CSI report based at least in part on the first set of resources. Furthermore, the receiving module 1006 receives a power measurement report based at least in part on the second set of resources.
• the apparatus 1000 also includes an allocation module 1004 that allocates overlapping sets of resources to different UEs.
• the overlapping resources including at least a first set of resources and a second set of resources.
• the first set of resources are allocated to a first UE for a channel measurement, such as CSI feedback.
• the second set of resources are allocated to a second UE for received power measurements, such as CSI-RSRP measurements.
• the allocation module transmits the allocation of the first set of resources and the second set of resources to the transmission module 1008.
• the transmission module 1008 may transmit the first set of resources and the second set of resources to respective UEs via a signal 1012.
• the receiving module 1006 receives the CSI report and the received power measurements in response to the first set of resources and the second set of resources transmitted from the transmission module 1008.
• the CSI report and the received power measurements may be received via a signal 1010.
• the CSI report may be referred to as a channel measurement report.
• the apparatus may include additional modules that perform each of the steps of the process in the aforementioned flowchart of FIGURE 9. As such, each step in the aforementioned flowchart FIGURE 9 may be performed by a module and the apparatus may include one or more of those modules.
• the modules may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to carry out the stated processes/algorithm, implemented by a processor configured to perform the stated processes/algorithm, stored within a computer-readable medium for implementation by a processor,
• the exemplary apparatus 1000 includes only the receiving module 1006, configured to receive one or more non-grouped CSI-RS with a first periodicity and to receive grouped CSI-RS in bursts, the burst having a second periodicity.
• FIGURE 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an apparatus 1100 employing a processing system 1114.
• the processing system 1114 may be implemented with a bus architecture, represented generally by the bus 1124.
• the bus 1124 may include any number of interconnecting buses and bridges depending on the specific application of the processing system 1114 and the overall design constraints.
• the bus 1124 links together various circuits including one or more processors and/or hardware modules, represented by the processor 1122 the modules 1102, 1104, and the computer-readable medium 1126.
• the bus 1124 may also link various other circuits such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art, and therefore, will not be described any further.
• the apparatus includes a processing system 1114 coupled to a transceiver 1130.
• the transceiver 1130 is coupled to one or more antennas 1120.
• the transceiver 1130 enables communicating with various other apparatus over a transmission medium.
• the processing system 1 114 includes a processor 1122 coupled to a computer-readable medium 1126.
• the processor 1122 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable medium 1126.
• the software when executed by the processor 1122, causes the processing system 1114 to perform the various functions described for any particular apparatus.
• the computer-readable medium 1126 may also be used for storing data that is manipulated by the processor 1122 when executing software.
• the processing system 1114 includes an allocation module 1102 for allocating overlapping sets of resources to different UEs.
• the processing system 1114 also includes a receiving module 1104 for receiving a CSI report based at least in part on the first set of resources. Furthermore, the receiving module 1104 receives a power measurement report based at least in part on the second set of resources
• the modules may be software modules running in the processor 1122, resident/stored in the computer-readable medium 1126, one or more hardware modules coupled to the processor 1122, or some combination thereof.
• the processing system 1114 may be a component of the eNodeB 610 and may include the memory 676, and/or the controller/processor 659.
• the receiving module 1104 of the processing system 1114 may be configured to receive one or more non-grouped CSI with a first periodicity, and to receive grouped CSI-RS in bursts, the burst having a second periodicity.
• the processing system 1114 does not include the allocation module 1102.
• the processing system 1114 may be a component of the UE 650 and may include the memory 660, and/or the controller/processor 659.
• FIGURE 12 illustrates a method 1200 for wireless communication. In block
• the UE receives grouped CSI-RS in bursts, the burst having a first periodicity.
• the UE receives one or more non-grouped CSI-RS with a second periodicity. That is, the non-grouped CSI-RS may be periodically provided in symbols between grouped CSI-RS.
• the first periodicity may be configured to match a short or long DRX cycle.
• the grouped CSI-RS may be configured within the DRX on-duration of 5 ms.
• the first periodicity may be 40 ms to match a short or long DRX cycle.
• the non-grouped CSI-RS may be configured with a periodicity of 10 ms, between to the grouped CSI-RS configured with a periodicity of 40 ms.
• FIGURE 13 illustrates a method 1300 for reporting on different types of CSI- RS according to an aspect of the present disclosure.
• a UE provides power measurements based on a CSI-RS for reference signal receive power (RSRP) measurement.
• the UE reports channel state information based on a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) for CSI feedback.
• CSI-RS channel state information reference signal
• the CSI-RS for RSRP measurement is allocated at least as many CSI-RS resources as the CSI-RS for CSI feedback.
• the UE 650 is configured for wireless communication including means for reporting power measurements, and means for reporting channel state information.
• the reporting means may be the controller/processor 659, TX processor 668, modulators 654, and/or antenna 652 configured to perform the functions recited by the reporting means.
• the aforementioned means may be any module or any apparatus configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means.
• FIGURE 14 is a conceptual data flow diagram illustrating the data flow between different modules/means/components in an exemplary apparatus 1400.
• the apparatus 1400 includes a receiving module 1406 configured for receiving the CSI-RS.
• the CSI-RS may be received via a signal 1410.
• the apparatus 1400 also includes a first reporting module 1402 that reports a CSI-RS based receive power measurement.
• the receiving module 1406 may trigger the first reporting module 1402 to report the CSI-RS based receive power measurement based on the received CSI-RS.
• the apparatus 1400 also includes a second reporting module 1404 that reports channel state information. In one configuration, the receiving module 1406 may trigger the second reporting module 1404 to report the channel state information based on the received CSI-RS.
• the apparatus 1400 also includes a transmitting module 1408 configured for transmitting the CSI-RS reports according to aspects of the present disclosure.
• the CSI-RS reports may include the channel state information received from the second reporting module 1404 and the CSI-RS based receive power measurement received from the first reporting module 1402.
• the transmitting module 1408 may receive both the channel state information and the CSI-RS based receive power measurement from the second reporting module 1404. The transmitting module 1408 may transmit the CSI-RS reports via a signal 1412.
• the apparatus 1400 may include additional modules that perform each of the steps of the process in the aforementioned flowchart of FIGURE 13. As such, each step in the aforementioned flowchart of FIGURE 13 may be performed by a module and the apparatus may include one or more of those modules.
• the modules may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to carry out the stated
• FIGURE 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an apparatus 1500 employing a processing system 1514.
• the processing system 1514 may be implemented with a bus architecture, represented generally by the bus 1524.
• the bus 1524 may include any number of interconnecting buses and bridges depending on the specific application of the processing system 1514 and the overall design constraints.
• the bus 1524 links together various circuits including one or more processors and/or hardware modules, represented by the processor 1504 the modules 1502, 1503, and the computer-readable medium 1506.
• the bus 1524 may also link various other circuits such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art, and therefore, will not be described any further.
• the apparatus includes a processing system 1514 coupled to a transceiver
• the transceiver 1510 is coupled to one or more antennas 1520.
• the transceiver 1510 is coupled to one or more antennas 1520.
• the processing system 1514 includes a processor 1504 coupled to a computer-readable medium 1506.
• the processor 1504 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable medium 1506.
• the software when executed by the processor 1504, causes the processing system 1514 to perform the various functions described for any particular apparatus.
• the computer-readable medium 1506 may also be used for storing data that is manipulated by the processor 1504 when executing software.
• the processing system includes a first reporting module 1502 and a second reporting module 1503.
• the first reporting module 1502 can report a power
• the second reporting module 1503 can report channel state information based on a second CSI-RS type.
• the modules may be software modules running in the processor 1504, resident/stored in the computer- readable medium 1506, one or more hardware modules coupled to the processor 1504, or some combination thereof.
• the processing system 1514 may be a component of the UE 650 and may include the memory 660, the transmit processor 668, the receive processor 656, the modulators/demodulators 654a-r, the antenna 652a-r, and/or the controller/processor 659.
• DSP digital signal processor
• ASIC application specific integrated circuit
• FPGA field programmable gate array
• a general- purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine.
• a processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more
• microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
• a software module may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
• An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium.
• the storage medium may be integral to the processor.
• the processor and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC.
• the ASIC may reside in a user terminal.
• the processor and the storage medium may reside as discrete components in a user terminal.
• Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another.
• a storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer.
• such computer-readable media can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor.
• any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium.
• the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave
• the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium.
• Disk and disc includes compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers.

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