Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
  • F02N11/04—Starting of engines by means of electric motors the motors being associated with current generators
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
  • F02N11/08—Circuits specially adapted for starting of engines
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B67/00—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for
  • F02B67/04—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for of mechanically-driven auxiliary apparatus
  • F02B67/06—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for of mechanically-driven auxiliary apparatus driven by means of chains, belts, or like endless members
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
  • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
  • F02N15/08—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing being of friction type
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
  • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
  • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
  • F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
  • F02D41/062—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
  • F02N11/08—Circuits specially adapted for starting of engines
  • F02N2011/0881—Components of the circuit not provided for by previous groups
  • F02N2011/0896—Inverters for electric machines, e.g. starter-generators
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N2300/00—Control related aspects of engine starting
  • F02N2300/10—Control related aspects of engine starting characterised by the control output, i.e. means or parameters used as a control output or target
  • F02N2300/104—Control of the starter motor torque

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for preparing the starting of an internal combustion engine by a belt-driven starter generator and a computing unit for its implementation.
• Starter generators on the one hand to start the engine in the engine operation of the electric machine and on the other hand to generate electricity for the electrical system and for charging the vehicle battery in the generator mode of the electric machine.
• Starter generators can be connected via a belt drive with the internal combustion engine or the crankshaft.
• a desired torque can be adjusted by appropriately driving the rotor winding (excitation coil) and / or the stator winding (for example, three or five stator phases are common).
• a temporal modulation of the torque may be preferred in order to achieve as low a noise and low-vibration starting operation as possible.
• belt tensioners can be used, such as so-called pendulum tensioning systems. Due to the change of load span and empty section during motor operation and regenerative operation However, the tensioning of the belt is difficult. In particular, jerks, vibrations and noises when starting the internal combustion engine by a RSG occur, which should be avoided. Disclosure of the invention
• the invention proposes to bias the belt of a RSG before the actual starting process by driving the electric machine.
• the torque generated by the RSG is not jerky as in the prior art, but gradually increased.
• This can be achieved by a special energization of the stator winding.
• the stator winding is already energized before the excitation current has reached its maximum, preferably already within two time constants after the beginning of the energization of the rotor winding, more preferably within a time constant.
• the rotor winding Due to its large inductance, the rotor winding has a relatively large time constant (inductance divided by resistance, usually some 100 ms), so that a certain amount of time is required until the desired exciting current actually flows after the current winding has started to be energized.
• the rotor winding is substantially de-energized (ie if the exciter current through the rotor winding is below a lower threshold of, for example, 50% or 25% of the exciter current used for starting the internal combustion engine), its relatively large time constant can be used to advantage.
• This effect which is undesirable in the prior art, of the slow exciting field structure can be utilized if at the same time the stator winding is already applied during the excitation field. is energized. As a result, the torque also increases slowly.
• the beginning of the energization of the stator winding is expediently flow and / or time-dependent.
• the stator winding may be energized before the excitation current through the rotor winding is above an upper threshold (eg 10%, 25%, 50% or 75% of the excitation current used to start the internal combustion engine) and / or within at most two rotor winding time constants after the beginning of the energization of the rotor winding, preferably within at most one or within at most a quarter of the rotor winding time constant.
• the upper threshold value is preferably between approx. 1A and 7A; the energization takes place within approx. 10-100 ms).
• Torque curve serves to bias the belt and thus to ensure the fastest possible and low-noise and low-vibration engine start.
• Torque increase a possibly existing pendulum clamping system can be slowly stabilized. As a result, the noise and vibrations that occur as a result of jerky tensioning of a belt avoided.
• the moment applied to the crankshaft is still insufficient to turn on the engine.
• the magnitude of the moment is sufficient, however, to tension the belt.
• the combustion engine starts immediately. Since usually the stator winding is energized only when the rotor winding is energized, and at this time the belt is not stretched, the invention leads to a double time savings, since according to the invention the energization of the stator winding already takes place at an earlier time and the belt already biased, if the necessary torque for
• An arithmetic unit according to the invention for example a control unit of a motor vehicle, is, in particular programmatically, adapted to carry out a method according to the invention.
• Suitable data carriers for providing the computer program are, in particular, floppy disks, hard disks, flash memories, EEPROMs, CD-ROMs, DVDs and the like. It is also possible to download a program via computer networks (Internet, intranet, etc.).
• Figure 1 shows schematically an arrangement of an internal combustion engine, a belt-driven starter generator and a vehicle electrical system, as can be based on the invention.
• Figure 2 shows an embodiment of a starter generator with power converter with controllable switching elements, as it may be based on the invention.
• FIG. 1 shows schematically an arrangement 200 of an internal combustion engine 300, a belt-driven starter generator 100 as an electrical machine and a vehicle electrical system 30, with reference to which a preferred embodiment of the invention will be explained.
• the internal combustion engine 300 is connected to the starter generator 100 via a belt 310, wherein a belt tensioner designed as a pendulum belt tensioning system 320 is provided, which can tension the belt 310 independently of the torque direction during operation.
• a belt tensioner designed as a pendulum belt tensioning system 320 is provided, which can tension the belt 310 independently of the torque direction during operation.
• the starter generator 100 is shown like a circuit diagram.
• the starter generator has a generator component 10 and a power converter component 20.
• the power converter component is usually operated as a rectifier in regenerative operation of the machine, and as an inverter in motor operation.
• the generator component 10 is shown only schematically in the form of star-connected stator windings 1 1 and an exciter or rotor winding 12 connected in parallel with a diode.
• the rotor winding is switched by a power switch 13 which is connected to a terminal 24 of the power converter component 20, clocked.
• the control of the power switch 13 via a control line 14 in accordance with a Feldreg- lers 15, the power switch 13 as well as the parallel to the rotor winding 12 connected diode are usually integrated in an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) of the field controller.
• the excitation current can be adjusted via a pulse-width modulated voltage signal, with permanent activation (ie a duty cycle of 100% or 1) with an excitation current a rated current flows. After setting a duty cycle of 100%, due to the high inductance of the rotor winding, the rated current is only reached with a certain delay of up to five rotor winding time constants.
• stator winding time constant is typically significantly shorter than rotor winding time constant.
• the power converter component 20 is embodied here as a B6 circuit and has switching elements 21, which may be designed, for example, as a MOSFET 21.
• the MOSFETs 21 are connected, for example via busbars, to the respective stator windings 1 1 of the generator. Furthermore, the MOSFETs are connected to terminals 24, 24 'and, with appropriate control, provide a direct current for a vehicle electrical system 30, including a battery of a motor vehicle.
• the actuation of the switching elements 21 takes place by a control device 25 via control channels 26, of which not all are provided with reference numerals for reasons of clarity.
• the drive 25 receives over
• Phase channels 27 each have the phase voltage of the individual stator windings. To provide these phase voltages, further devices can be provided, which however are not shown for the sake of clarity.
• the starter generator 100 is used to start the engine 300.
• the power converter component 20 according to an embodiment of the invention, as described below, operated.
• the starter generator is powered by the battery. If the rotor winding 12 is substantially de-energized at this time, ie if the exciting current is below a lower threshold of, for example, 10% of the rated current (corresponding to approximately 1 A), the rotor winding 12 is first energized, in particular by the field controller 15, a duty cycle of 100 % is set. Of the Current flow through the rotor winding and thus the exciter field increase according to the known switch-on behavior with inductors.
• stator winding 11 is also energized very early. This is preferably done before the excitation current reaches an upper threshold of e.g. 25% of the rated current reached. It is known that the current through a deenergized coil has reached about 63.2% of the nominal current after a time constant and about 99.3% of the rated current after five time constants.
• the stator winding 1 1 is energized within or about at a quarter time constant, at the latest within or about at two time constants.
• the energization of the stator winding 1 1 can in an untacted (so-called.
• Block mode or clocked (so-called PWM operation, pulse width modulated) pulse inverter operation done.
• the selected control pattern can be selected depending on the speed and the desired torque. In block commutation remain, in contrast to the
• pulse-width modulated operation the semiconductor switches for the period of a phase control switched on continuously.
• the semiconductor switches are driven by a specific control pattern with preferably high frequency (typically between 2 and 20 kHz), thereby creating a harmonic curve of the phase current, resulting in a reduced torque ripple and better efficiency. Both methods are well known in the art.
• the rotor winding 12 is still significantly excited, i. If the excitation current is above the lower threshold value of approximately 10%, the rotor winding 12 is also first energized, in particular by the field regulator 15 setting a duty factor of 100%. However, the exciter field is already so high that an undesired high torque already results in the case of the current winding described above. Therefore, the stator winding 1 1 is preferably energized so that in turn results in a gradual increase in torque. The energization of the stator winding 1 1 takes place expediently in a clocked (so-called. PWM operation) Pulse inverter operation. The selected control pattern can be selected depending on the speed and the desired torque.
• PWM operation Pulse inverter operation
• a ramp-shaped increase in the torque is preferably achieved, wherein the slope of the torque ramp can be specified as a function of the operating case and the ramps for both cases described may also be different.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
• Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)

Priority Applications (5)

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Publications (1)

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ID=47630311

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (1)

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Citations (5)

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• 2012
  • 2012-03-05 DE DE102012203374.2A patent/DE102012203374B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2013
  • 2013-01-24 BR BR112014021546-4A patent/BR112014021546B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2013-01-24 EP EP13701990.7A patent/EP2823178B1/de active Active
  • 2013-01-24 WO PCT/EP2013/051291 patent/WO2013131680A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2013-01-24 US US14/383,167 patent/US20150051820A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2013-01-24 IN IN7142DEN2014 patent/IN2014DN07142A/en unknown
  • 2013-01-24 CN CN201380012481.1A patent/CN104145115B/zh active Active

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