EP2823178B1 - Verfahren zum vorbereiten des startens eines verbrennungsmotors durch einen riemengetriebenen startergenerator - Google Patents

Verfahren zum vorbereiten des startens eines verbrennungsmotors durch einen riemengetriebenen startergenerator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2823178B1
EP2823178B1 EP13701990.7A EP13701990A EP2823178B1 EP 2823178 B1 EP2823178 B1 EP 2823178B1 EP 13701990 A EP13701990 A EP 13701990A EP 2823178 B1 EP2823178 B1 EP 2823178B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor winding
winding
energization
energized
belt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13701990.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2823178A1 (de
Inventor
Andreas Jacob
Matthias Schmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
SEG Automotive Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
SEG Automotive Germany GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SEG Automotive Germany GmbH filed Critical SEG Automotive Germany GmbH
Publication of EP2823178A1 publication Critical patent/EP2823178A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2823178B1 publication Critical patent/EP2823178B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/04—Starting of engines by means of electric motors the motors being associated with current generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B67/00—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B67/04—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for of mechanically-driven auxiliary apparatus
    • F02B67/06—Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for of mechanically-driven auxiliary apparatus driven by means of chains, belts, or like endless members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/08—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing being of friction type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
    • F02D41/062—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N2011/0881—Components of the circuit not provided for by previous groups
    • F02N2011/0896—Inverters for electric machines, e.g. starter-generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2300/00—Control related aspects of engine starting
    • F02N2300/10—Control related aspects of engine starting characterised by the control output, i.e. means or parameters used as a control output or target
    • F02N2300/104—Control of the starter motor torque

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for preparing the starting of an internal combustion engine by a belt-driven starter generator and a computing unit for its implementation.
  • Starter generators on the one hand to start the engine in the engine operation of the electric machine and on the other hand to generate electricity for the electrical system and for charging the vehicle battery in the generator mode of the electric machine.
  • Starter generators can be connected via a belt drive with the internal combustion engine or the crankshaft.
  • a desired torque can be adjusted by appropriately driving the rotor winding (excitation coil) and / or the stator winding (for example, three or five stator phases are common).
  • a temporal modulation of the torque may be preferred in order to achieve as low a noise and low-vibration starting operation as possible.
  • the DE 10 2005 034 123 A1 shows a belt alternator starter system for a vehicle.
  • a current flows through a rotor winding Alternator / starter device is set to a pre-flux field current and a current through a stator winding is set to zero. If a start command for starting the internal combustion engine is obtained, the current through the rotor winding and the current through the stator winding are each set to a starting current value.
  • belt tensioners can be used, such as so-called pendulum tensioning systems. Due to the change of load span and empty section during motor operation and regenerative operation However, the tensioning of the belt is difficult. In particular, jerks, vibrations and noises when starting the internal combustion engine by a RSG occur, which should be avoided.
  • the invention proposes to bias the belt of a RSG prior to the actual starting process by driving the electric machine.
  • the torque generated by the RSG is not jerky as in the prior art, but gradually increased.
  • This can be achieved by a special energization of the stator winding.
  • the stator winding is already energized before the excitation current has reached its maximum, preferably already within two time constants after the beginning of the energization of the rotor winding, more preferably within a time constant.
  • the rotor winding Due to its large inductance, the rotor winding has a relatively large time constant (inductance divided by resistance, usually some 100 ms), so that a certain amount of time is required until the desired exciting current actually flows after the current winding has started to be energized. If the rotor winding is substantially de-energized (ie if the exciter current through the rotor winding is below a lower threshold of, for example, 50% or 25% of the exciter current used for starting the internal combustion engine), its relatively large time constant can be used to advantage. This undesirable effect of the slow excitation field structure, which is undesirable in the prior art, can be utilized if at the same time the stator winding already operates during the Energizing field structure is energized.
  • the beginning of the energization of the stator winding according to the invention is current and / or time-dependent.
  • the stator winding may be energized before the excitation current through the rotor winding is above an upper threshold (eg 10%, 25%, 50% or 75% of the excitation current used to start the internal combustion engine) and / or within at most two rotor winding time constants after the beginning of the energization of the rotor winding, preferably within at most one or within at most a quarter of the rotor winding time constant.
  • the upper threshold value is preferably between approx. 1A and 7A; the energization takes place within approx. 10-100 ms).
  • the gradually increasing torque curve produced in the context of the invention serves to bias the belt and thus to ensure the fastest possible start of the engine, with little noise and vibration. Due to the gradual (especially ramped) torque increase, a possibly existing pendulum clamping system can be slowly decommissioned. As a result, the noise and vibrations that occur as a result of jerky tensioning of a belt avoided.
  • the moment applied to the crankshaft is still insufficient to turn on the engine. The magnitude of the moment is sufficient, however, to tension the belt. As soon as sufficient torque is applied to the crankshaft, the internal combustion engine starts immediately.
  • the invention leads to a double time savings, since according to the invention the energization of the stator winding already takes place at an earlier time and the belt already preloaded, if the necessary torque is available.
  • a reduction of the jerk on the belt and an associated (pendulum) belt tensioning system reduces the mechanical load and is thus component-friendly. As a result, an increase in the service life can be achieved with the same design.
  • An arithmetic unit according to the invention e.g. a control device of a motor vehicle is, in particular programmatically, configured to perform a method according to the invention.
  • Suitable data carriers for providing the computer program are, in particular, floppy disks, hard disks, flash memories, EEPROMs, CD-ROMs, DVDs and the like. It is also possible to download a program via computer networks (Internet, intranet, etc.).
  • FIG. 1 schematically an arrangement 200 of an internal combustion engine 300, a belt-driven starter generator 100 is shown as an electric machine and a vehicle electrical system 30, based on which a preferred embodiment of the invention will be explained.
  • the internal combustion engine 300 is connected to the starter generator 100 via a belt 310, wherein a belt tensioner designed as a pendulum belt tensioning system 320 is provided, which can tension the belt 310 independently of the torque direction during operation.
  • a belt tensioner designed as a pendulum belt tensioning system 320 is provided, which can tension the belt 310 independently of the torque direction during operation.
  • the starter generator 100 is shown like a circuit diagram.
  • the starter generator has a generator component 10 and a power converter component 20.
  • the power converter component is usually operated as a rectifier in regenerative operation of the machine, and as an inverter in motor operation.
  • the generator component 10 is shown only schematically in the form of star-connected stator windings 11 and an excitation or rotor winding 12 connected in parallel with a diode.
  • the rotor winding is switched by a power switch 13 which is connected to a terminal 24 of the power converter component 20, clocked.
  • the control of the power switch 13 via a control line 14 in accordance with a field controller 15, wherein the power switch 13 as well as the parallel to the rotor winding 12 connected diode are usually integrated in an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) of the field controller.
  • the excitation current can be adjusted via a pulse-width modulated voltage signal, with permanent activation (ie a duty cycle of 100% or 1) with an excitation current a rated current flows. After setting a duty cycle of 100%, due to the high inductance of the rotor winding, the rated current is reached only with a certain delay of up to five rotor winding time constants.
  • stator winding time constant is typically significantly shorter than rotor winding time constant.
  • the power converter component 20 is embodied here as a B6 circuit and has switching elements 21, which may be designed, for example, as a MOSFET 21.
  • the MOSFET 21 are connected, for example via busbars, with the respective stator windings 11 of the generator. Furthermore, the MOSFETs are connected to terminals 24, 24 'and, with appropriate control, provide a direct current for a vehicle electrical system 30, including a battery of a motor vehicle.
  • the control of the switching elements 21 takes place by a control device 25 via control channels 26, of which not all are provided with reference numerals for reasons of clarity.
  • the control device 25 receives the phase voltage of the individual stator windings via phase channels 27. To provide these phase voltages, further devices can be provided, which however are not shown for the sake of clarity.
  • the starter generator 100 is used to start the engine 300.
  • the power converter component 20 according to an embodiment of the invention, as described below, operated.
  • the starter generator is powered by the battery.
  • the rotor winding 12 is first energized, in particular by the field controller 15, a duty cycle of 100 % is set. Of the Current flow through the rotor winding and thus the exciter field increase according to the known switch-on behavior with inductors.
  • This increase in the exciter field is transferred to a desired increase in torque by the stator winding 11 is energized at a very early stage. This is preferably done before the excitation current reaches an upper threshold of e.g. 25% of the rated current reached. It is known that the current through a deenergized coil has reached about 63.2% of the nominal current after a time constant and about 99.3% of the rated current after five time constants. Preferably, the stator winding 11 is energized within or about at a quarter time constant, at the latest within or about at two time constants.
  • the energization of the stator winding 11 can be carried out in a non-clocked (so-called block operation) or clocked (so-called PWM operation, pulse-width-modulated) pulse inverter operation.
  • the selected control pattern can be selected depending on the speed and the desired torque.
  • block commutation remain, in contrast to the pulse width modulated operation, the semiconductor switches for the period of a phase control switched on.
  • pulse-width modulated operation the semiconductor switches are driven by a specific control pattern with preferably high frequency (typically between 2 and 20 kHz), thereby creating a harmonic curve of the phase current, resulting in a reduced torque ripple and better efficiency. Both methods are well known in the art.
  • the starter generator At the output of the starter generator initially sets a low torque, which increases in dependence on the time constant of the rotor winding. Proportional to the moment, the mechanical stress in the load side of the belt 310 increases, thereby slowly exerting a force on the shuttle belt tensioning system 320. Since this force does not skyrocket, the pendulum belt tensioning system 320 slows down, resulting in reduced noise and vibration. If after a certain time the belt is stretched and the moment is big enough, comes it is an acceleration of the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine 300 and thus to start.
  • the rotor winding 12 is still significantly excited, i. If the excitation current is above the lower threshold value of approximately 10%, the rotor winding 12 is also first energized, in particular by the field regulator 15 setting a duty factor of 100%. However, the exciter field is already so high that an undesired high torque already results in the case of the current winding described above. Therefore, the stator winding 11 is preferably energized so that in turn results in a gradual increase in torque.
  • the energization of the stator winding 11 is expediently carried out in a pulsed (so-called. PWM operation) pulse inverter operation.
  • the selected control pattern can be selected depending on the speed and the desired torque.
  • a ramp-shaped increase in the torque is preferably achieved, wherein the slope of the torque ramp can be specified as a function of the operating case and the ramps for both cases described may also be different.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
EP13701990.7A 2012-03-05 2013-01-24 Verfahren zum vorbereiten des startens eines verbrennungsmotors durch einen riemengetriebenen startergenerator Active EP2823178B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012203374.2A DE102012203374B4 (de) 2012-03-05 2012-03-05 Verfahren zum Vorbereiten des Startens eines Verbrennungsmotors durch einen riemengetriebenen Startergenerator
PCT/EP2013/051291 WO2013131680A1 (de) 2012-03-05 2013-01-24 Verfahren zum vorbereiten des startens eines verbrennungsmotors durch einen riemengetriebenen startergenerator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2823178A1 EP2823178A1 (de) 2015-01-14
EP2823178B1 true EP2823178B1 (de) 2018-03-21

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EP13701990.7A Active EP2823178B1 (de) 2012-03-05 2013-01-24 Verfahren zum vorbereiten des startens eines verbrennungsmotors durch einen riemengetriebenen startergenerator

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20150051820A1 (https=)
EP (1) EP2823178B1 (https=)
CN (1) CN104145115B (https=)
BR (1) BR112014021546B1 (https=)
DE (1) DE102012203374B4 (https=)
IN (1) IN2014DN07142A (https=)
WO (1) WO2013131680A1 (https=)

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DE102014217455B4 (de) * 2014-09-02 2016-12-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Starten eines Verbrennungsmotors durch einen riemengetriebenen Startergenerator
DE102015209014B4 (de) * 2015-05-18 2025-07-17 Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh Verfahren zur Ansteuerung einer fremderregten elektrischen Maschine zur Unterstützung einer Regeneration eines NOx-Speicherkatalysators
DE102015215550A1 (de) 2015-08-14 2017-02-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Starten einer Brennkraftmaschine eines Kraftfahrzeugs
DE102016208901A1 (de) 2016-05-23 2017-11-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Verbessern eines Startvorgangs eines Verbrennungsmotors durch einen riemengetriebenen Startergenerator
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN104145115B (zh) 2017-04-26
DE102012203374B4 (de) 2019-09-05
BR112014021546B1 (pt) 2021-07-20
CN104145115A (zh) 2014-11-12
IN2014DN07142A (https=) 2015-04-24
EP2823178A1 (de) 2015-01-14
DE102012203374A1 (de) 2013-09-05
WO2013131680A1 (de) 2013-09-12
US20150051820A1 (en) 2015-02-19

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