WO2013125260A1 - プラズマ処理装置、および高周波発生器 - Google Patents
プラズマ処理装置、および高周波発生器 Download PDFInfo
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C23C16/50—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- H01J2237/33—Processing objects by plasma generation characterised by the type of processing
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a plasma processing apparatus and a high-frequency generator, and more particularly to a high-frequency generator that generates microwaves and a plasma processing apparatus that generates plasma using microwaves.
- Semiconductor elements such as LSI (Large Scale Integrated Circuit) and MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) transistors, liquid crystal displays (LCD: Liquid Crystal Display), organic EL (Electro Luminescence) elements, etc. It is manufactured by performing processes such as etching, CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition), and sputtering.
- processing such as etching, CVD, and sputtering, there are processing methods using plasma as its energy supply source, that is, plasma etching, plasma CVD, plasma sputtering, and the like.
- Patent Document 1 a technique related to a plasma processing apparatus that performs processing using plasma is disclosed in WO 2004/068917 (Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 it is disclosed that a magnetron is used as a high-frequency generation source when generating a microwave.
- a magnetron can be configured at a relatively low cost and can output high power, so that it is effectively used as a generation source for generating microwaves.
- the plasma processing apparatus includes a high-frequency oscillator that generates a high-frequency electromagnetic field, and a reference oscillator that has a lower output voltage and a stable oscillation frequency than the high-frequency oscillator.
- the reference signal generated by the reference oscillator is injected into the high-frequency oscillator, so that the oscillation frequency of the high-frequency oscillator is fixed to the frequency of the reference signal.
- each member constituting the magnetron such as a filament, an anode vane constituting the anode side, and a cavity resonance part is constituted by a machined product. If it does so, in the magnetron manufactured by assembling such a machined product, variation among the manufactured magnetrons, a so-called instrumental difference will occur. As a result, there is a slight variation in the characteristics of the frequency oscillated in each magnetron.
- the waveform of the set fundamental frequency as the frequency characteristics of the microwave oscillated by the magnetron. Even when a magnetron is manufactured by designing and assembling each machined part that constitutes the magnetron so that the peak frequency of the fundamental frequency is the same and the waveform of the fundamental frequency is the same, The waveform of the peak has a steep shape in the peak part, and for other waveforms, the waveform of the fundamental frequency has a shape with the highest peak part, but it is not steep but has a gentle shape as a whole. The waveform of the fundamental frequency may be greatly disturbed. This tendency is particularly noticeable particularly on the low power side. As the waveform of the fundamental frequency, a steep shape at the peak portion is required from the viewpoint that strong resonance is desired.
- the waveform of the fundamental frequency is greatly disturbed.
- Such variations in the fundamental frequency waveform among the plurality of magnetrons may lead to variations in the plasma generated by resonating the oscillated microwave.
- the oscillation frequency of the high-frequency oscillator is fixed to the frequency of the reference signal. Therefore, even if such a method is used for all the magnetrons, the waveform of the fundamental frequency is obtained. There are cases where it is not possible to deal with it, such as when it is greatly disturbed.
- a plasma processing apparatus for processing an object to be processed using plasma.
- the plasma processing apparatus includes a processing container that performs processing using plasma therein, and a high-frequency generator that is disposed outside the processing container and generates a high frequency. And a plasma generation mechanism for generating plasma in the processing container using the high frequency generated by the high frequency generator.
- the high-frequency generator includes a high-frequency oscillator that oscillates a high frequency, and injection means that injects a signal that has the same frequency as the basic frequency oscillated by the high-frequency oscillator and has a different frequency component reduced, into the high-frequency oscillator.
- a signal having the same frequency as the fundamental frequency oscillated by the high-frequency oscillator and having reduced different frequency components is injected into the high-frequency oscillator, so that the different frequency components of the high frequency oscillated by the high-frequency oscillator are reduced. can do.
- the effect of including different frequency components specifically, the change in effective power and load impedance due to the occurrence of unexpected reflected waves by including different frequency components. It is possible to reduce the risk of change and the disturbance of the fundamental frequency waveform. Therefore, plasma can be generated stably over a long period of time, and a long life can be realized.
- the signal having the same frequency as the grasped fundamental frequency of the high-frequency oscillator and reducing the different frequency components is supplied to the high-frequency oscillator.
- the purpose is to reduce the different frequency components at the fundamental frequency at which the high frequency oscillator itself oscillates.
- the center frequency which is the peak frequency of the fundamental frequency, as the frequency characteristics of the microwave oscillated by the magnetron.
- the center frequency is 2.44 GHz, and in others, The center frequency may be 2.46 GHz.
- the high-frequency generator includes an isolator that transmits a frequency signal in one direction from a high-frequency oscillator to a matching unit located on the load side, and a waveguide that is provided between the high-frequency oscillator and the isolator and propagates a high frequency to the isolator side.
- the injection means includes a branch circuit in which a branch portion is provided in the waveguide, and the branch circuit uses the high frequency branched from the branch portion and input into the branch circuit, and has the same frequency as the fundamental frequency that the high frequency oscillator oscillates. However, it may be configured to include signal forming means for forming a signal in which the different frequency component is reduced.
- the injection means includes a first circulator provided on the waveguide and between the branch portion and the isolator and having three terminals, and the first terminal of the first circulator is a high-frequency oscillator.
- the second terminal may be connected to the isolator side, and the third terminal may be connected to the side on which the signal forming means is provided.
- the signal forming means branches a part of the high frequency signal from the branch part, attenuates the high frequency signal and inputs it to the branch circuit, or receives a part of the high frequency signal from the branch part.
- a directional coupler that branches and inputs into the branch circuit may be included.
- the signal forming means may include a first band pass filter that performs filtering of a frequency in a predetermined band from a basic frequency oscillated by the high frequency oscillator.
- the signal forming means is an amplifier that amplifies a frequency signal that is branched and input to the branch circuit and that has been subjected to frequency filtering of a predetermined band by the first bandpass filter, and a predetermined frequency signal that is amplified by the amplifier. And a second band-pass filter that performs filtering of the frequency of the second band.
- the signal forming means includes a frequency / voltage converter that converts the frequency input from the attenuator or the directional coupler into the branch circuit into a voltage, and a basic that the high-frequency oscillator oscillates by the voltage converted by the frequency / voltage converter.
- a high-frequency oscillator that oscillates at the same frequency as the frequency, and the injection means may be configured to inject a frequency signal oscillated by the high-frequency oscillator into the high-frequency oscillator.
- the signal forming means may include an amplifier that amplifies the frequency oscillated by the high-frequency oscillating unit and a band-pass filter that filters a predetermined frequency band from the frequency signal amplified by the amplifier. By doing so, it is possible to reduce the different frequency component from the fundamental frequency at which the high frequency oscillator oscillates more reliably and with high accuracy.
- the injection means may be configured to inject a signal having a power of 2% or less of the maximum rating of the high frequency oscillator.
- the high-frequency oscillator may be configured to include any one of a semiconductor oscillator, a VCO, and a MEMS oscillator.
- the branch circuit includes a second circulator, and the first terminal of the second circulator is connected to the band-pass filter, and the second terminal is connected to the third terminal of the first circulator.
- the third terminal may be configured to be connected to a dummy load.
- the isolator and the branch circuit may be integrated. By doing so, the above-described effects can be achieved with a simpler configuration.
- the plasma generation mechanism includes a dielectric window that transmits a high frequency generated by the high frequency oscillator into the processing container, and a slot antenna plate that is provided with a plurality of slot holes and radiates the high frequency to the dielectric window. You may comprise.
- the plasma generated by the plasma generation mechanism may be generated by a radial line slot antenna.
- a high-frequency generator in another aspect of the present invention, includes a high-frequency oscillator that oscillates a high frequency, and an injection that injects into the high-frequency oscillator a signal that has the same frequency as the basic frequency that the high-frequency oscillator oscillates and that has a different frequency component reduced. Means.
- a high frequency generator it is possible to reduce the different frequency component of the high frequency oscillated by the high frequency oscillator. Then, in the high frequency oscillated by the high-frequency oscillator, the effect of including different frequency components, specifically, the change in effective power and load impedance due to the occurrence of unexpected reflected waves by including different frequency components. It is possible to reduce the risk of change and the disturbance of the fundamental frequency waveform. Therefore, a high-quality high-frequency can be generated stably over a long period of time.
- the plasma processing apparatus since the signal having the same frequency as the fundamental frequency oscillated by the high-frequency oscillator and having the different frequency components reduced is injected into the high-frequency oscillator, Ingredients can be reduced. Then, in the high frequency oscillated by the high-frequency oscillator, the effect of including different frequency components, specifically, the change in effective power and load impedance due to the occurrence of unexpected reflected waves by including different frequency components. It is possible to reduce the risk of change and the disturbance of the fundamental frequency waveform. Therefore, plasma can be generated stably over a long period of time, and a long life can be realized.
- a high frequency generator it is possible to reduce the different frequency component of the high frequency oscillated by the high frequency oscillator. Then, in the high frequency oscillated by the high-frequency oscillator, the effect of including different frequency components, specifically, the change in effective power and load impedance due to the occurrence of unexpected reflected waves by including different frequency components. It is possible to reduce the risk of change and the disturbance of the fundamental frequency waveform. Therefore, a high-quality high-frequency can be generated stably over a long period of time.
- FIG. 1 It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the plasma processing apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic which looked at the slot antenna board contained in the plasma processing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 from the direction of arrow II in FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the schematic structure of a microwave generator. It is a schematic diagram which shows the surrounding structure of the magnetron contained in a microwave generator. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the periphery of 4E tuner contained in a microwave generator. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the branch circuit shown with the dashed-two dotted line in FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the branch circuit contained in the microwave generator with which the plasma processing apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention is equipped.
- microwave power shall be 2000W (watt) and the position of a movable short circuit board is 9 mm. It is what. It is a graph which shows the bandwidth of the frequency of the microwave produced
- microwave power shall be 2000W (watt) and the position of a movable short circuit board is 9 mm.
- FIG. 11 shows a case where the horizontal axis in the case shown in FIG. 11 is widened. It is a graph which shows the bandwidth of the frequency of the microwave produced
- microwave power shall be 2000W (watt), and the position of a movable short circuit board may be set. 13 mm. It is a graph which shows the bandwidth of the frequency of the microwave produced
- microwave power shall be 2000W (watt) and the position of a movable short circuit board is 13 mm. It is what. It is a graph which shows the bandwidth of the frequency of the microwave produced
- FIG. 13 shows a case where the horizontal axis in the case shown in FIG. 13 is widened. It is a graph which shows the bandwidth of the frequency of the microwave produced
- microwave power shall be 2000W (watt) and the position of a movable short circuit board is 13 mm.
- FIG. 14 shows a case where the horizontal axis in the case shown in FIG. 14 is widened. It is a graph which shows the bandwidth of the frequency of the microwave produced
- microwave power shall be 2300W (watt) and the position of a movable short circuit board is set. 12 mm. It is a graph which shows the bandwidth of the frequency of the microwave produced
- microwave power shall be 2300W (watt) and the position of a movable short circuit board is 12 mm. It is what.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing a main part of a plasma processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 2 is a view of the slot antenna plate included in the plasma processing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from the lower side, that is, from the direction of arrow II in FIG. In FIG. 1, some of the members are not hatched for easy understanding.
- the vertical direction in FIG. 1 indicated by the direction indicated by arrow II in FIG. 1 or the opposite direction is the vertical direction in the plasma processing apparatus.
- the plasma processing apparatus 11 processes a target substrate W that is a target to be processed using plasma. Specifically, processes such as etching, CVD, and sputtering are performed.
- a substrate to be processed W for example, a silicon substrate used for manufacturing a semiconductor element can be cited.
- the plasma processing apparatus 11 includes a processing container 12 that performs processing on the target substrate W with plasma therein, and a gas supply unit 13 that supplies a gas for plasma excitation and a gas for plasma processing into the processing container 12.
- a disk-shaped holding table 14 provided in the processing container 12 and holding the substrate W to be processed thereon, a plasma generating mechanism 19 for generating plasma in the processing container 12 using microwaves, and plasma processing
- a control unit 15 controls the operation of the entire apparatus 11.
- the control unit 15 controls the entire plasma processing apparatus 11 such as the gas flow rate in the gas supply unit 13 and the pressure in the processing container 12.
- the processing container 12 includes a bottom portion 21 located on the lower side of the holding table 14 and a side wall 22 extending upward from the outer periphery of the bottom portion 21.
- the side wall 22 is substantially cylindrical.
- An exhaust hole 23 for exhaust is provided in the bottom portion 21 of the processing container 12 so as to penetrate a part thereof.
- the upper side of the processing container 12 is open, and a lid 24 disposed on the upper side of the processing container 12, a dielectric window 16 described later, and a seal member interposed between the dielectric window 16 and the lid 24.
- the processing container 12 is configured to be hermetically sealed by the O-ring 25.
- the gas supply unit 13 includes a first gas supply unit 26 that blows gas toward the center of the substrate to be processed W, and a second gas supply unit 27 that blows gas from the outside of the substrate to be processed W.
- the gas supply hole 30 a that supplies gas in the first gas supply unit 26 is more dielectric than the lower surface 28 of the dielectric window 16 that is the center in the radial direction of the dielectric window 16 and that faces the holding table 14. It is provided at a position retracted inward of the body window 16.
- the first gas supply unit 26 supplies an inert gas for plasma excitation and a gas for plasma processing while adjusting a flow rate and the like by a gas supply system 29 connected to the first gas supply unit 26.
- the second gas supply unit 27 is provided with a plurality of gas supply holes 30 b for supplying an inert gas for plasma excitation and a gas for plasma processing in the processing container 12 in a part of the upper side of the side wall 22. Is formed.
- the plurality of gas supply holes 30b are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the first gas supply unit 26 and the second gas supply unit 27 are supplied with the same type of inert gas for plasma excitation and gas for plasma processing from the same gas supply source.
- another gas can also be supplied from the 1st gas supply part 26 and the 2nd gas supply part 27, and those flow ratios etc. can also be adjusted.
- a high frequency power supply 38 for RF (radio frequency) bias is electrically connected to the electrode in the holding table 14 through the matching unit 39.
- the high frequency power supply 38 can output a high frequency of 13.56 MHz with a predetermined power (bias power).
- the matching unit 39 accommodates a matching unit for matching between the impedance on the high-frequency power source 38 side and the impedance on the load side such as an electrode, plasma, and the processing container 12.
- a blocking capacitor for self-bias generation is included. During the plasma processing, the supply of the bias voltage to the holding table 14 may or may not be performed as necessary.
- the holding table 14 can hold the substrate W to be processed thereon by an electrostatic chuck (not shown).
- the holding table 14 includes a heater (not shown) for heating and the like, and can be set to a desired temperature by a temperature adjustment mechanism 33 provided inside the holding table 14.
- the holding base 14 is supported by an insulating cylindrical support portion 31 that extends vertically upward from the lower side of the bottom portion 21.
- the exhaust hole 23 described above is provided so as to penetrate a part of the bottom portion 21 of the processing container 12 along the outer periphery of the cylindrical support portion 31.
- An exhaust device (not shown) is connected to the lower side of the annular exhaust hole 23 via an exhaust pipe (not shown).
- the exhaust device has a vacuum pump such as a turbo molecular pump.
- the inside of the processing container 12 can be depressurized to a predetermined pressure by the exhaust device.
- the plasma generation mechanism 19 is provided outside the processing vessel 12 and includes a microwave generator 41 that generates microwaves for plasma excitation.
- the plasma generation mechanism 19 includes a dielectric window 16 that is disposed at a position facing the holding table 14 and introduces the microwave generated by the microwave generator 41 into the processing container 12.
- the plasma generation mechanism 19 includes a slot antenna plate 17 provided with a plurality of slot holes 20 and disposed above the dielectric window 16 and radiating microwaves to the dielectric window 16.
- the plasma generation mechanism 19 includes a dielectric member 18 that is disposed above the slot antenna plate 17 and that propagates a microwave introduced by a coaxial waveguide 36 described later in the radial direction.
- the microwave generator 41 is connected via the mode converter 34 and the waveguide 35 to the upper part of the coaxial waveguide 36 that introduces microwaves.
- the TE mode microwave generated by the microwave generator 41 passes through the waveguide 35, is converted to the TEM mode by the mode converter 34, and propagates through the coaxial waveguide 36.
- the detailed configuration of the microwave generator 41 will be described later.
- the waveguide 35 side with respect to the microwave generator 41 is a load side described later.
- the dielectric window 16 has a substantially disk shape and is made of a dielectric. A part of the lower surface 28 of the dielectric window 16 is provided with an annular recess 37 that is recessed in a tapered shape for facilitating the generation of a standing wave by the introduced microwave. Due to the recess 37, plasma by microwaves can be efficiently generated on the lower side of the dielectric window 16.
- Specific examples of the material of the dielectric window 16 include quartz and alumina.
- the slot antenna plate 17 has a thin plate shape and a disc shape. As shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of slot holes 20 are provided so as to form a pair of two slot holes 20 so as to be orthogonal to each other at a predetermined interval. It is provided at a predetermined interval in the circumferential direction. Also in the radial direction, a plurality of pairs of slot holes 20 are provided at predetermined intervals.
- the microwave generated by the microwave generator 41 is propagated to the dielectric member 18 through the coaxial waveguide 36.
- the inside of the dielectric member 18 sandwiched between the cooling jacket 32 and the slot antenna plate 17 which has a circulation path 40 for circulating a refrigerant or the like and adjusts the temperature of the dielectric member 18 or the like faces outward in the radial direction.
- the microwave spreads radially and is radiated to the dielectric window 16 from a plurality of slot holes 20 provided in the slot antenna plate 17.
- the microwave transmitted through the dielectric window 16 generates an electric field immediately below the dielectric window 16 and generates plasma in the processing container 12.
- a so-called plasma generation region having a relatively high electron temperature is formed in the region located below.
- a so-called plasma diffusion region in which the plasma generated in the plasma generation region is diffused is formed in the region located below.
- This plasma diffusion region is a region where the electron temperature of plasma is relatively low, and plasma processing is performed in this region. Then, so-called plasma damage is not given to the substrate W to be processed at the time of plasma processing, and since the electron density of plasma is high, efficient plasma processing can be performed.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the microwave generator 41.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration around a magnetron described later included in the microwave generator 41.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration around a 4E tuner described later included in the microwave generator 41.
- a microwave generator 41 includes a magnetron 42 as a high-frequency oscillator that oscillates a microwave as a high frequency, a high-voltage power supply 43 that supplies a voltage to the magnetron 42, and a high-frequency oscillator. And a filament power supply 44 for supplying power to the filament constituting the cathode electrode 46a.
- the oscillation unit includes a magnetron 42 and a launcher (not shown) that transmits the microwave power of the magnetron 42 to the waveguide.
- Microwave oscillated from the magnetron 42 proceeds in the direction of arrow A 1 in FIG. Note that the reflected wave of the microwave travels in the direction indicated by arrow A 2 is the reverse of the direction of the arrow A 1 in FIG.
- a circuit 45 is assembled between the magnetron 42 and the high-voltage power supply 43.
- An anode current is supplied from the high voltage power supply 43 side to the magnetron 42 side via the circuit 45.
- the circuit 45 incorporates a filament.
- a microwave 48 output to the outside is generated by the cathode electrode 46 a formed of a filament and the anode electrode 46 b formed by supplying an anode current from the high-voltage power supply 43. Note that the above-described filament on the cathode side constituting the cathode electrode 46a and the anode vane (not shown) forming the anode electrode 46b on the anode side are machined products manufactured by machining.
- the microwave generator 41 includes a directional coupler 54 to which a microwave oscillated by the magnetron 42 is connected via an isolator 49, and a 4E tuner 51 as a matching unit.
- the isolator 49 transmits a frequency signal in one direction from the magnetron 42 to the 4E tuner 51 side located on the load 50 side.
- the load 50 here is a member located on the downstream side of the so-called waveguide 35 such as the mode converter 34.
- the 4E tuner 51 includes four movable short-circuit plates (not shown) provided at intervals in the microwave traveling direction, and the movable short-circuit portions 52a, 52b, 52c, 52d, and the movable short-circuit portion 52a. It includes three probes 53a, 53b, 53c located on the magnetron 42 side. The three probes 53a, 53b, 53c are provided at a distance of 1/8 of the fundamental frequency ⁇ , that is, ⁇ / 8, in the microwave traveling direction. Further, the projection amount of a tuning rod (not shown) corresponding to each of the three probes 53a to 53c is calculated by an arithmetic circuit 53d connected to the three probes 53a, 53b, and 53c.
- the 4E tuner 51 is provided with a directional coupler 54 on the magnetron 42 side with respect to the movable short-circuit portion 52a.
- the directional coupler 54 is a bidirectional coupler.
- the directional coupler 54 does not have to face the three probes 53a, 53b, and 53c.
- a voltage control circuit 56 provided in the microwave generator 41 is configured to use a traveling wave power signal 55 a traveling in the waveguide and a reflected wave power signal 55 b traveling in the waveguide. Send to.
- the voltage control circuit 56 transmits a voltage control signal 57 a supplied from the high voltage power supply 43 and a voltage control signal 57 b supplied to the filament power supply 44 to control the voltage of the high voltage power supply 43.
- the isolator 49 provided between the magnetron 42 and the 4E tuner 51 is configured by using one terminal as a dummy load 59 in the circulator which is a passive element. That is, the first terminal 58a located on the magnetron 42 side is connected to the oscillation unit, the second terminal 58b located on the 4E tuner 51 side is connected to the 4E tuner 51, and the remaining third terminal 58c is connected to the dummy load. 59 is connected. By doing so, the isolator 49 can transmit the frequency signal in one direction from the magnetron 42 to the 4E tuner 51 located on the load 50 side.
- the microwave generator 41 includes a branch circuit 61 as injection means for injecting a signal having the same frequency as the fundamental frequency oscillated by the high-frequency oscillator and having a different frequency component reduced into the high-frequency oscillator.
- the branch circuit 61 is provided by branching the waveguide 60 in the waveguide 60 from the oscillating unit to the isolator 49.
- the branch circuit 61 is indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a branch circuit indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG.
- the branch circuit 61 includes a branch unit 62 that branches from a waveguide 60 that extends from the magnetron 42 to the isolator 49, an attenuator 63 that attenuates a signal having a branched fundamental frequency from the branch unit 62, and A frequency voltage converter 64 that converts the frequency signal attenuated by the attenuator 63 from a frequency signal to a voltage signal, and a semiconductor oscillator 65 that oscillates the frequency based on the voltage signal converted by the frequency voltage converter 64.
- a semiconductor amplifier 66 as an amplifier that amplifies the frequency oscillated by the semiconductor oscillator 65, and a bandpass that performs filtering to pass only a predetermined frequency band and remove other frequency bands at the frequency amplified by the semiconductor amplifier 66 Filter 67 and the frequency filtered by band pass filter 67.
- the second circulator 68b that sends the frequency signal to the first circulator 68a provided in the waveguide 60, and the signal that is provided in the waveguide 60 and sent by the second circulator 68b are injected into the magnetron 42 side. And a first circulator 68a.
- the first terminal 69a is connected to the magnetron 42 side
- the second terminal 69b is connected to the isolator 49 side
- the third terminal 69c is the second terminal 69e of the second circulator 68b.
- the first terminal 69d is connected to the bandpass filter 67
- the second terminal 69e is connected to the third terminal 69c of the first circulator 68a
- the third terminal 69f is a dummy load.
- the second circulator 68b functions as an isolator that transmits a frequency signal in one direction from the bandpass filter 67 to the first circulator 68a. With this configuration, the first circulator 68a can transmit a signal with good consistency.
- the microwave oscillated from the magnetron 42 is partially branched at the branching unit 62.
- the frequency signal branched by the branching unit 62 and input to the attenuator 63 is attenuated by the attenuator 63.
- the attenuated frequency signal is converted into a voltage signal by the frequency voltage converter 64.
- a frequency signal having the same fundamental frequency as the fundamental frequency of the microwave oscillated by the magnetron 42 is formed by the semiconductor oscillator 65 by the voltage signal based on the frequency signal.
- a frequency signal having the same fundamental frequency as the fundamental frequency of the microwave formed by the semiconductor oscillator 65 is amplified by the semiconductor amplifier 66.
- the amplified frequency signal is filtered by the band pass filter 67.
- the frequency signal from the semiconductor amplifier 66 or the bandpass filter 67 is TE-converted through the mode converter and propagates to the waveguide.
- the frequency signal filtered by the bandpass filter 67 and having the same fundamental frequency as the fundamental frequency is injected again to the magnetron 42 side via the second and first circulators 68b and 68a.
- the branch circuit 61 injects a signal having the same fundamental frequency as the fundamental frequency oscillated by the magnetron 42 and having reduced different frequency components into the magnetron 42.
- the frequency voltage conversion unit 64 that converts the frequency input from the attenuator 63 into the branch circuit 61 into a voltage, and the same frequency as the fundamental frequency that the magnetron 42 oscillates with the voltage converted by the frequency voltage conversion unit 64.
- the oscillating semiconductor oscillator 65 operates as signal forming means for forming a signal having the same frequency as the fundamental frequency oscillated by the magnetron 42.
- the semiconductor oscillator 65, the semiconductor amplifier 66, and the band pass filter 67 have the same frequency as the fundamental frequency that the magnetron 42 oscillates using the high frequency branched from the branching unit 62 and input into the branch circuit 61. It operates as a signal forming means for forming a signal in which the different frequency component is reduced.
- a signal having the same frequency as the fundamental frequency oscillated by the magnetron 42 and having a different frequency component reduced is injected into the magnetron 42, so that the different frequency component of the high frequency oscillated by the magnetron 42 is reduced. can do.
- the influence by including the different frequency component specifically, the change of the effective power or the load impedance due to the unexpected reflected wave being generated by including the different frequency component. It is possible to reduce the risk of change and the disturbance of the fundamental frequency waveform. Therefore, plasma can be generated stably over a long period of time, and a long life can be realized.
- the microwave generator 41 as such a high-frequency generator includes a magnetron 42 as a high-frequency oscillator that oscillates a high frequency, and a signal that has the same frequency as the fundamental frequency oscillated by the magnetron 42 and that has reduced different frequency components. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the different frequency component of the high frequency generated by the magnetron 42. Then, in the high frequency which the magnetron 42 oscillates, the influence by including the different frequency component, specifically, the change of the effective power or the load impedance due to the unexpected reflected wave being generated by including the different frequency component. It is possible to reduce the risk of change and the disturbance of the fundamental frequency waveform. Therefore, a high-quality high-frequency can be generated stably over a long period of time.
- the branch circuit 61 provided in the waveguide 60 injects a signal having the same frequency as the fundamental frequency oscillated by the magnetron 42 and having reduced different frequency components into the magnetron 42. Then, the following cases can be handled. That is, the different frequency component is caused by aging of the magnetron 42, specifically, wear due to temperature rise caused by heat generation of a filament that is a machined product member constituting the magnetron 42, deformation of the vane (not shown), and the like. And change.
- an injection means as a branch circuit 61 for injecting a signal having the same frequency as the fundamental frequency oscillated by the magnetron 42 and having a different frequency component reduced into the magnetron 42, a filament constituting the magnetron 42, etc. It is possible to reduce the different frequency component generated based on the secular change.
- the microwave having the same fundamental frequency as the fundamental frequency oscillated by the magnetron 42 is oscillated using the semiconductor oscillator 65, the microwave having a small noise and a clean waveform can be oscillated and injected.
- the different frequency components can be considerably reduced.
- the handleability of the branched frequency signal can be improved.
- the band-pass filter 67 that performs filtering for passing only a predetermined frequency band and removing other frequency bands is used, the different frequency components can be efficiently reduced.
- the signal forming means oscillates the magnetron 42 by the frequency voltage conversion unit 64 that converts the frequency input from the attenuator 63 into the branch circuit 61 into a voltage, and the voltage converted by the frequency voltage conversion unit 64. Therefore, the frequency signal having the same frequency as the fundamental frequency oscillated by the magnetron 42 can be made to have fewer different frequency components.
- a signal having a power of 2% or less of the maximum rating of the magnetron 42 may be injected. That is, when the microwave power is 3000 W, the different frequency components can be efficiently reduced by injecting a signal having a power of 60 W or less.
- VCO Voltage Controlled Oscillator
- MEMS Micro Electro Mechanical Systems
- the semiconductor oscillator and the frequency voltage conversion unit associated with the semiconductor oscillator are provided.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and these members are omitted in the branch circuit as follows. It is good also as a simple structure.
- the bandpass filter 67 may be removed and the output of the semiconductor amplifier 66 may be directly connected to the terminal 69d of the circulator 68b.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a branch circuit as injection means included in a microwave generator provided in a plasma processing apparatus 80 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 corresponds to the diagram shown in FIG. Further, since the configuration other than the branch circuit as the injection means included in the microwave generator included in the plasma processing apparatus 80 according to another embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the plasma processing apparatus 11, the description thereof is omitted. To do.
- the branch circuit 71 includes a branch unit 73 that branches from a waveguide 72 that extends from the magnetron 42 to the isolator 49, an attenuator 74 that attenuates the branched fundamental frequency signal from the branch unit 73, and A first band-pass filter 75a that filters only the predetermined frequency band with respect to the frequency signal attenuated by the attenuator 74, and a semiconductor that amplifies the frequency of the frequency filtered by the first band-pass filter 75a
- the second band-pass filter 75b that passes only a predetermined frequency band and performs filtering again, and the frequency filtered by the second band-pass filter 75b
- the first signal provided in the waveguide 72 It comprises a second circulator 77b sending the circulator 77a, provided in the waveguide 72, and a first circulator 77a for injecting a signal sent by the second circulator 77b to the magnetron 42 side.
- the first terminal 78a is connected to the magnetron 42 side
- the second terminal 78b is connected to the isolator 49 side
- the third terminal 78c is the second terminal 78e of the second circulator 77b.
- the second circulator 77b has a first terminal 78d connected to the second bandpass filter 75b, a second terminal 78e connected to the third terminal 78c of the first circulator 77a, and a third terminal 78f. Is connected to a dummy load 79.
- the second circulator 77b functions as an isolator that transmits a frequency signal in one direction from the second bandpass filter 75b to the first circulator 77a.
- the branch circuit 71 serving as the injection means included in the microwave generator included in the plasma generation mechanism included in the plasma processing apparatus 80 according to another embodiment of the present invention can be configured with an inexpensive configuration. Can be configured.
- the different frequency component of the high frequency oscillated by the magnetron 42 can be reduced. Then, the influence by including a different frequency component in the high frequency which the magnetron 42 oscillates can be reduced. Therefore, such a plasma processing apparatus 80 can generate plasma stably over a long period of time and can realize a long life.
- the signal forming means is branched into the branch circuit 71 and input, and a semiconductor amplifier 76 as an amplifier that amplifies a frequency signal that has been filtered by a first bandpass filter 75a in a predetermined band, and a semiconductor Since the second band-pass filter 75b that filters the frequency of a predetermined band from the frequency signal amplified by the amplifier 76 is included, the basics of the magnetron 42 oscillating more reliably and with high accuracy. Different frequency components can be reduced from the frequency.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a branch circuit as injection means included in a microwave generator included in a plasma generation mechanism provided in a plasma processing apparatus 89 according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 corresponds to the diagrams shown in FIGS.
- the configuration other than the branch circuit as the injection means included in the microwave generator included in the plasma processing apparatus 89 according to still another embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the plasma processing apparatus 11, the description thereof will be given. Omitted.
- a branch circuit 81 as an injection means included in a microwave generator included in a plasma generation mechanism provided in a plasma processing apparatus 89 is connected from a magnetron 42 to an isolator. 49, a branching unit 83 that branches from the waveguide 82 reaching the channel 49, an attenuator 84 that attenuates the signal of the fundamental frequency branched from the branching unit 83, and a frequency signal attenuated by the attenuator 84 only in a predetermined frequency band.
- a band-pass filter 85 that performs filtering by passing the signal, a second circulator 86b that sends a frequency signal to the first circulator 86a provided in the waveguide 82 for the frequency filtered by the band-pass filter 85, and the waveguide 82 And sent by the second circulator 86b.
- the and a first circulator 86a to be injected into the magnetron 42 side.
- the first terminal 87a is connected to the magnetron 42 side
- the second terminal 87b is connected to the isolator 49 side
- the third terminal 87c is the second terminal 87e of the second circulator 86b.
- the first terminal 87d is connected to the band pass filter 85
- the second terminal 87e is connected to the third terminal 87c of the first circulator 86a
- the third terminal 87f is a dummy load.
- the second circulator 86b functions as an isolator that transmits a frequency signal in one direction from the bandpass filter 85 to the first circulator 86a.
- the major difference between the configuration of the branch circuit shown in FIG. 7 and the configuration of the branch circuit shown in FIG. 8 is that the semiconductor amplifier and one band-pass filter are omitted.
- the branch circuit 81 as the injection means included in the microwave generator included in the plasma generation mechanism included in the plasma processing apparatus 89 according to still another embodiment of the present invention can be configured at a low cost. Can be configured.
- the different frequency component of the high frequency oscillated by the magnetron 42 can be reduced.
- the influence by including a different frequency component in the high frequency which the magnetron 42 oscillates can be reduced. Therefore, such a plasma processing apparatus 89 can generate plasma stably over a long period of time and can realize a long life.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a branch circuit as an injection means included in a microwave generator included in a plasma generation mechanism provided in a plasma processing apparatus 90 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. This is an embodiment in which a circuit is integrated and connected to a 4E tuner as a matching unit. FIG. 9 corresponds to the diagrams shown in FIGS. Further, since the configuration other than the branch circuit and the isolator as the injection means included in the microwave generator provided in the plasma processing apparatus 90 according to still another embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the plasma processing apparatus 11, Description is omitted.
- a branch circuit 92 as an injection means included in a microwave generator included in a plasma generation mechanism provided in a plasma processing apparatus 90 includes a magnetron. It is integrated with an isolator 91 that transmits a frequency signal in one direction from 42 to the 4E tuner 51.
- the branch circuit 92 is attenuated by the branch unit 94 branched from the waveguide 93 extending from the magnetron 42 to the 4E tuner 51, the attenuator 95 for attenuating the branched fundamental frequency signal from the branch unit 94, and the attenuator 95.
- a first band-pass filter 96a that filters only the predetermined frequency band
- a semiconductor amplifier 97 that amplifies the frequency of the frequency filtered by the first band-pass filter 96a
- a semiconductor amplifier In the frequency amplified by 97, the second band-pass filter 96b that passes only a predetermined frequency band and performs filtering again and the frequency signal filtered by the second band-pass filter 96b are sent to the waveguide 93.
- First circulator provided It comprises a second circulator 98b to send to 98a, provided in the waveguide 93, and a first circulator 98a for injecting a signal sent by the second circulator 98b to the magnetron 42 side.
- the first terminal 99a is connected to the magnetron 42 side
- the second terminal 99b is connected to the 4E tuner 51 side
- the third terminal 99c is the second terminal of the second circulator 98b.
- the second circulator 98b has a first terminal 99d connected to the second bandpass filter 96b, a second terminal 99e connected to the third terminal 99c of the first circulator 98a, and a third terminal 99f. Is connected to a dummy load 99g.
- the second circulator 98b functions as an isolator that transmits a frequency signal in one direction from the second bandpass filter 96b to the first circulator 98a.
- the configuration of the branch circuit 61 shown in FIG. 7 is the same as the configuration of the branch circuit 92 shown in FIG. 9, and the difference is whether or not the isolator and the branch circuit are integrated.
- the branch circuit 92 as the injection means included in the microwave generator included in the plasma generation mechanism included in the plasma processing apparatus 90 according to still another embodiment of the present invention has a simple configuration. It can be.
- the different frequency component of the high frequency oscillated by the magnetron 42 can be reduced.
- the influence by including a different frequency component in the high frequency which the magnetron 42 oscillates can be reduced. Therefore, such a plasma processing apparatus 90 can generate plasma stably over a long period of time and can realize a long life.
- the isolator 49 and the circulator 86a may be integrated.
- a directional coupler may be used instead of the attenuator.
- the branched fundamental frequency signal from the branching unit is used without being attenuated.
- the amplifier may be configured to amplify the frequency up to 2% or less of the maximum rating of the high-frequency oscillator. By doing so, the amplified frequency can be easily handled.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the frequency bandwidth of the microwave generated by the microwave generator not including the injection means.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing the bandwidth of the microwave generated by the microwave generator including the injection means. 10 and 11, the horizontal axis represents the frequency (MHz (megahertz)), and the vertical axis represents dBm with 1 mW as 0 dB. 10 and 11, the numerical value increases toward the right side of the horizontal axis, and the numerical value increases toward the upper side of the vertical axis. Since the meanings of the horizontal axis and the vertical axis of the graphs shown in FIGS. 12 to 19 described later are the same, the description thereof is omitted.
- the microwave power is 2000 W (watts)
- the position of the movable short-circuit plate is 9 mm.
- the microwave waveform has a peak slightly lower than 2455 MHz, specifically, around 2454 MHz. This peak is gentle, and the so-called bottom portion is greatly expanded. It is what. Specifically, for example, when looking at a portion higher than ⁇ 30.0 dBm, it covers a wide frequency band from about 2452.5 MHz to about 2556 MHz. On the other hand, referring to FIG. 11, the microwave waveform has a peak around 2455 MHz, and this peak is steep. Specifically, for example, as in the case shown in FIG. 10, when looking at a portion higher than ⁇ 30.0 dBm, it is approximately from 2454.5 MHz to 2455.5 MHz, which is a narrow frequency band. .
- FIGS. 12 and 13 are graphs showing the case where the horizontal axis, that is, the display of the width of the frequency band is widened in the cases shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, respectively.
- FIG. 12 it can be seen that a large different frequency component of about ⁇ 30.0 dBm exists in the vicinity of 3000 MHz.
- the different frequency component existing in the vicinity of 3000 MHz is about ⁇ 55.0 dBm, at least smaller than ⁇ 50.0 dBm, and the different frequency component is greatly reduced. I can grasp it.
- FIG. 14 is a graph showing the frequency bandwidth of the microwave generated by the microwave generator not including the injection means.
- FIG. 15 is a graph showing the bandwidth of the microwave generated by the microwave generator including the injection means. 14 and 15, as conditions in the microwave generator, the microwave power is 2000 W (watts), and the position of the movable short-circuit plate is 13 mm.
- the microwave waveform two peaks are observed as the microwave waveform. Specifically, a first peak is seen around 2452 MHz, and a second peak is seen around 2453 MHz. In addition, this waveform has a gentle shape, and a so-called bottom portion is greatly expanded. Specifically, for example, when looking at a portion higher than ⁇ 30.0 dBm, it covers a wide frequency band from about 2451 MHz to about 2554 MHz. On the other hand, referring to FIG. 15, the microwave waveform has a peak around 2452.5 MHz, and this peak is steep. Specifically, for example, as in the case shown in FIG. 14, when a portion higher than ⁇ 30.0 dBm is viewed, it is approximately from 2452 MHz to 2453 MHz, which is a narrow frequency band.
- 16 and 17 are graphs showing the case where the horizontal axis, that is, the display of the frequency band width is widened in the cases shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, respectively.
- FIG. 16 it can be seen that a large different frequency component of about ⁇ 35.0 dBm exists in the vicinity of 3000 MHz.
- FIG. 17 the different frequency component existing in the vicinity of 3000 MHz is about ⁇ 40.0 dBm, and it can be understood that the different frequency component is greatly reduced.
- FIG. 18 is a graph showing the frequency bandwidth of the microwave generated by the microwave generator not including the injection means.
- FIG. 19 is a graph showing the bandwidth of the microwave generated by the microwave generator including the injection means. 18 and 19, as conditions in the microwave generator, the microwave power is 2300 W (watts), and the position of the movable short-circuit plate is 12 mm. The horizontal axis is the same as in FIGS. 12, 13, 16, and 17.
- plasma can be stably generated over a long period of time and a long life can be realized.
- a semiconductor amplifier is used as an amplifier.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and another amplifier may be used.
- the band pass filter is used as the member for filtering.
- a low pass filter (LPF) and a high pass filter (HPF) may be used in combination. If necessary, only one of them may be used.
- the branch circuit is provided as the injection means.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and other methods, for example, in the initial stage of manufacturing the plasma processing apparatus without providing the branch circuit.
- a signal having the same frequency as the fundamental frequency oscillated by the high-frequency oscillator and having different frequency components reduced may be injected into the high-frequency oscillator.
- the frequency voltage conversion unit 64 is provided as a means for detecting the frequency, but the frequency voltage conversion unit 64 grasps the frequency at the initial stage of manufacture and grasps it by the semiconductor oscillator 65.
- the set frequency may be set and output.
- the attenuator 63 and the frequency voltage converter 64 are required for measurement in the initial stage of manufacturing, but the system can be constructed at low cost because it is removable.
- the frequency voltage converter 64 is used as a means for grasping the frequency.
- any means for detecting the frequency may be used, and a commercially available frequency counter or spectrum analyzer may be used.
- the frequency may be grasped using means for periodically detecting the frequency, and the frequency grasped by the semiconductor oscillator 65 may be set and output.
- the plasma processing is performed by the microwave using the radial line slot antenna.
- the plasma processing is not limited to this, and a comb-shaped antenna unit is provided and plasma is generated by the microwave.
- a plasma processing apparatus or a plasma processing apparatus that generates plasma by emitting microwaves from a slot may be used.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- プラズマを用いて被処理対象物に処理を行うプラズマ処理装置であって、
その内部でプラズマによる処理を行う処理容器と、
前記処理容器外に配置されて高周波を発生させる高周波発生器を含み、前記高周波発生器により発生させた高周波を用いて前記処理容器内にプラズマを発生させるプラズマ発生機構とを備え、
前記高周波発生器は、高周波を発振する高周波発振器と、前記高周波発振器が発振する基本周波数と同じ周波数であって異周波成分を減少させた信号を前記高周波発振器に注入する注入手段とを含む、プラズマ処理装置。 - 前記高周波発生器は、前記高周波発振器から負荷側に位置する整合器へ周波数信号を一方向に伝送するアイソレーターと、前記高周波発振器および前記アイソレーターの間に設けられ前記高周波を前記アイソレーター側に伝播する導波路とを含み、
前記注入手段は、前記導波路に分岐部を設けた分岐回路を含み、
前記分岐回路は、前記分岐部から分岐して前記分岐回路内に入力された高周波を用いて、前記高周波発振器が発振する基本周波数と同じ周波数であって異周波成分を減少させた信号を形成する信号形成手段を含む、請求項1に記載のプラズマ処理装置。 - 前記注入手段は、前記導波路上であって前記分岐部と前記アイソレーターとの間に設けられ、3つの端子を有する第一のサーキュレーターを含み、
前記第一のサーキュレーターのうち、第一の端子は、前記高周波発振器側に接続され、第二の端子は、前記アイソレーター側に接続され、第三の端子は、前記信号形成手段が設けられた側に接続される、請求項2に記載のプラズマ処理装置。 - 前記信号形成手段は、前記分岐部から前記高周波の周波数信号の一部を分岐し、前記高周波の周波数信号を減衰させて前記分岐回路内に入力する減衰器、または前記分岐部から前記高周波の周波数信号の一部を分岐して前記分岐回路内に入力する方向性結合器を含む、請求項2または3に記載のプラズマ処理装置。
- 前記信号形成手段は、前記高周波発振器が発振する基本周波数から所定の帯域の周波数のフィルタリングを行う第一のバンドパスフィルタを含む、請求項2~4のいずれかに記載のプラズマ処理装置。
- 前記信号形成手段は、前記分岐回路に分岐されて入力され、前記第一のバンドパスフィルタにより所定の帯域の周波数のフィルタリングを行った周波数信号を増幅させる増幅器と、前記増幅器により増幅させた周波数信号から所定の帯域の周波数のフィルタリングを行った第二のバンドパスフィルタとを含む、請求項5に記載のプラズマ処理装置。
- 前記信号形成手段は、前記減衰器または前記方向性結合器から前記分岐回路内に入力された周波数を電圧に変換する周波数電圧変換部と、前記周波数電圧変換部により変換された電圧により前記高周波発振器が発振する基本周波数と同じ周波数を発振する高周波発振部とを含み、
前記注入手段は、前記高周波発振部により発振した周波数信号を、前記高周波発振器に注入する、請求項2~6のいずれかに記載のプラズマ処理装置。 - 前記信号形成手段は、前記高周波発振部により発振した周波数を増幅させる増幅器と、前記増幅器により増幅させた周波数信号から所定の帯域の周波数のフィルタリングを行うバンドパスフィルタとを含む、請求項7に記載のプラズマ処理装置。
- 前記注入手段は、前記高周波発振器の最大の定格の2%以下の電力の信号を注入する、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載のプラズマ処理装置。
- 前記高周波発振部は、半導体発振器、VCO、およびMEMS発振器のうちのいずれか一つを含む、請求項7~9のいずれかに記載のプラズマ処理装置。
- 前記分岐回路は、第二のサーキュレーターを含み、
前記第二のサーキュレーターのうち、第一の端子は、前記バンドパスフィルタに接続され、前記第二の端子は、前記第一のサーキュレーターの第三の端子に接続され、第三の端子は、ダミー負荷に接続されている、請求項2~10のいずれかに記載のプラズマ処理装置。 - 前記アイソレーターと前記分岐回路とは、一体化されている、請求項2~11のいずれかに記載のプラズマ処理装置。
- 前記プラズマ発生機構は、前記高周波発振器により発生させた高周波を前記処理容器内へ透過させる誘電体窓と、複数のスロット孔が設けられており、前記高周波を前記誘電体窓に放射するスロットアンテナ板とを含む、請求項1~12のいずれかに記載のプラズマ処理装置。
- 前記プラズマ発生機構により発生させるプラズマは、ラジアルラインスロットアンテナにより生成される、請求項13に記載のプラズマ処理装置。
- 高周波を発振する高周波発振器と、
前記高周波発振器が発振する基本周波数と同じ周波数であって異周波成分を減少させた信号を前記高周波発振器に注入する注入手段とを含む、高周波発生器。
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