WO2013123882A1 - 诊断白血病的方法、试剂盒和系统 - Google Patents

诊断白血病的方法、试剂盒和系统 Download PDF

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WO2013123882A1
WO2013123882A1 PCT/CN2013/071728 CN2013071728W WO2013123882A1 WO 2013123882 A1 WO2013123882 A1 WO 2013123882A1 CN 2013071728 W CN2013071728 W CN 2013071728W WO 2013123882 A1 WO2013123882 A1 WO 2013123882A1
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solution
buffer
butyl
ring structure
kit
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PCT/CN2013/071728
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French (fr)
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唐亚林
杨千帆
盖伟
姜薇
孙红霞
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中国科学院化学研究所
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Priority claimed from CN201210041131.5A external-priority patent/CN102608052B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201210041112.2A external-priority patent/CN102608051B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201210164310.8A external-priority patent/CN102706842B/zh
Application filed by 中国科学院化学研究所 filed Critical 中国科学院化学研究所
Publication of WO2013123882A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013123882A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/6428Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of medicine, and in particular to a method, a kit and a system for diagnosing leukemia. Background technique
  • Leukemia is a malignant tumor of the hematopoietic system, also known as "blood cancer". It ranks first in the incidence of pediatric malignancies. Its mortality ranks first among the malignant tumors that cause death in children and adults under the age of 35. It is a threat to children. And the most common malignant tumors in young and healthy life. At present, the incidence of leukemia in China ranks 6-8 in the incidence of various tumors.
  • the cause of leukemia is the abnormal work of hematopoietic tissue in the bone marrow due to the variation of intracellular DNA.
  • Stem cells in the bone marrow can produce about 5.4 million/1 cubic millimeters of red blood cells and 7400/1 cubic millimeters of white blood cells per day, while leukemia patients overproduce white blood cells and most of the white blood cells are immature, which are naive cells with a longer survival period than normal. The situation is long. Although this white blood cell is large, it is not as resistant to infection as normal white blood cells.
  • the increase in white blood cells in the body directly affects the function of some important organs and affects the production of normal healthy blood cells.
  • Leukemia can spread to the lymph nodes, spleen, liver, central nervous system and other organs, producing different symptoms. These symptoms are mainly related to the destruction of hematopoietic function in the bone marrow, such as persistent fever, long-lasting infection, anemia, punctate hemorrhage, etc.; and symptoms caused by pervasation of blood cancer cells, such as swollen lymph nodes, bone pain or joint pain. , swelling of the gums, hepatosplenomegaly and so on.
  • the bone marrow is not easily accepted by ordinary people, it is currently unable to provide a means of warning for leukemia risk, and it also greatly hinders the early detection and interventional treatment of leukemia. When the patient perceives it, it has often entered the middle and late stages of leukemia.
  • the small residual cancer cells in the blood is an important indicator of prognosis. Accurate detection of minimal residual disease is of great significance for guiding the doctor's next treatment.
  • the sensitivity of the currently used molecular biological detection methods (PCR) is only one cancer cell per 104 blood cells, which limits the detection level of minimal residual disease.
  • Cyanine dye is a commonly used dye with unique photo-sensitive properties. It has been discovered for centuries with its unique physicochemical and optical properties, and is gradually used as a developer, a photosensitizer, a nonlinear optical material, and the like.
  • One aspect of the present invention provides a method for diagnosing leukemia, the method comprising the steps of: extracting whole blood DNA of a subject, dissolving the extracted whole blood DNA in the reagent I to obtain a DNA solution A; Heating at a temperature of 80 ° C to 95 ° C, preferably at a temperature of 85 ° C to 95 ° C for 2 to 15 minutes to denature DNA in solution A, SP, to depolymerize double-stranded DNA into single strands Form, then, solution A is rapidly quenched at a temperature below 20 ° C, preferably at a temperature below 10 ° C, more preferably at a temperature of 4 ° C, and allowed to stand at quenching temperature overnight to obtain solution B. ;
  • a M The strongest absorbance of the absorption peak in the range of 550-560 nm, denoted as A M;
  • a D The strongest absorbance of the absorption peak in the range of 515-525 nm, denoted as A D;
  • F1 M The strongest fluorescence intensity of the fluorescence emission peak in the range of 570-580 nm, denoted as F1 M;
  • F1 D The strongest fluorescence intensity of the fluorescence emission peak in the range of 605-615 nm, denoted as F1 D; Based on the above measurement results, the following indicators are calculated:
  • reagent I is a buffer having a pH of 6-8
  • reagent II is a cyanine dye, the cyanine dye Specifically, it is as shown in the following formula I.
  • R 2 is alkyl, phenyl, alkyl-substituted phenyl
  • R 2, R 3, and R 5 are independently selected from H or dC 6 alkyl, or R 2 and R 3 are attached to them
  • R 7 is independently selected from the dC 6 alkyl group
  • Xi, X 2 is independently selected from the group consisting of carbon (C), oxygen (0), sulfur (S), selenium (Se), and tellurium (Te).
  • alkyl group of dC 6 is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, including, but not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl , n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl or isohexyl.
  • R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, Isoamyl, n-hexyl or isohexyl.
  • R 2 and R 3 and the carbon atom to which they are attached may form a 5- to 7-membered saturated ring structure or an unsaturated ring structure, which may or may not contain an N or S atom.
  • R 5 and the carbon atom to which they are attached may form a 5- to 7-membered saturated ring structure or an unsaturated ring structure, which may or may not contain N or S atoms.
  • Y is preferably fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
  • the method according to the present invention wherein the method for preparing the compound of the formula I can be referred to the synthetic route described in Leslie G S., Brooker and Frank LW, JACS, 1935, 547-551, and the field can also be used. Other methods well known are known for preparation.
  • the reagent I is preferably a buffer containing monovalent metal ions of pH 6-8, including but not limited to sodium phosphate-sodium hydrogen phosphate buffer, potassium phosphate-potassium hydrogen phosphate buffer, sodium barbital. - Hydrochloric acid buffer or citric acid-sodium citrate buffer.
  • the solution B and the reagent I reagent in the step of preparing the solution C, the solution B and the reagent I reagent can be
  • the reagent II is directly mixed to prepare the solution C; the reagent II may be first dissolved in the reagent I, and the obtained solution is mixed with the solution B to prepare the solution C; or preferably the reagent II is first dissolved in the reagent III to obtain the solution D, and then Mixing an appropriate amount of solution B with solution D and reagent I to obtain solution C, wherein the reagent III is an organic solvent having a polarity greater than n-propanol, that is, an organic solvent having a polarity greater than 4.0, and non-limiting examples of such solvents include : methyl isobutyl ketone, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, isopropanol, chloroform, methyl ethyl ketone, dioxane, pyridine, acetone, nitromethane, acetonitrile, dimethylformamide, methanol, ethylene glycol , dimethyl sulfoxide or a mixture
  • kits for detecting leukemia comprising reagent I and reagent II, wherein reagent I is a buffer having a pH of 6-8, and reagent II is a cyanine dye,
  • reagent I is a buffer having a pH of 6-8
  • reagent II is a cyanine dye
  • the cyanine dye is specifically the following formula I
  • Formula I wherein: "6 is alkyl, phenyl, alkyl-substituted phenyl; R 2, R 3, and R 5 are independently selected from H or dC 6 alkyl, or R 2 and R 3 are The attached carbon atoms together form a 5- to 7-membered ring structure, or R 5 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a 5- to 7-membered ring structure; and R 7 is independently selected from the dC 6 alkyl group; Y is a halogen; Xi, X 2 is independently selected from the group consisting of carbon (C), oxygen (0), sulfur (S), selenium (Se), and tellurium (Te).
  • the reagent I is preferably a buffer containing monovalent metal ions at pH 6-8, including but not limited to sodium phosphate-sodium hydrogen phosphate buffer, potassium phosphate-potassium hydrogen phosphate buffer, and barium. Bitot sodium-hydrochloric acid buffer or citric acid-sodium citrate buffer.
  • the alkyl group of dC 6 is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, including, but not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl Base, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, A pentyl group, an isopentyl group, an n-hexyl group or an isohexyl group.
  • kit according to the present invention wherein preferably methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, benzene Base, methylphenyl or dimethylphenyl.
  • R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are independently selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl , isoamyl, n-hexyl or isohexyl.
  • a kit according to the present invention wherein R 2 and R 3 and a carbon atom to which they are attached may form a 5- to 7-membered saturated ring structure or an unsaturated ring structure, which may or may not contain an N or S atom .
  • R 5 and the carbon atom to which they are attached may form a 5- to 7-membered saturated ring structure or an unsaturated ring structure, which may or may not contain N or S atoms.
  • Y is preferably fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
  • the kit according to the present invention further comprises a reagent III which is an organic solvent having a polarity greater than n-propanol, that is, an organic solvent having a polarity greater than 4.0, and non-limiting examples of such solvents include: methyl Butanone, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, isopropanol, chloroform, methyl ethyl ketone, dioxane, pyridine, acetone, nitromethane, acetonitrile, dimethylformamide, methanol, ethylene glycol, dimethyl Sulfone or a mixture thereof.
  • a reagent III which is an organic solvent having a polarity greater than n-propanol, that is, an organic solvent having a polarity greater than 4.0
  • solvents include: methyl Butanone, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, isopropanol, chloroform, methyl eth
  • a further aspect of the invention provides a system for diagnosing leukemia, the system comprising a kit of the invention and a fluorescence spectrometer or an ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrometer.
  • the kit for diagnosing leukemia and the method of using the same and the diagnostic system provided by the present invention have the advantages of:
  • the test object is the peripheral blood of the subject, and accurate diagnosis results can be obtained without bone marrow perforation, which not only has less trauma to the patient, but also facilitates large-scale screening and follow-up treatment;
  • the diagnostic accuracy of leukemia is about 85-97%; only one step of dyeing, no washing, simple operation, short detection time;
  • the instrument is highly versatile and requires only the use of routine clinical testing instruments (UV-Vis absorption spectrometers or fluorescence spectrometers).
  • FIG. 1 is a statistical diagram showing an MD (A) index of a subject obtained according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a statistical diagram showing an MD (FI) index of a subject obtained according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the strongest fluorescence intensity F1 M 0 of the fluorescence emission peak in the range of 570-580 nm per solution B was measured by a fluorescence spectrometer.
  • a M The strongest absorbance of the absorption peak in the range of 550-560 nm, denoted as A M;
  • a D The strongest absorbance of the absorption peak in the range of 515-525 nm, denoted as A D;
  • F1 The strongest fluorescence intensity of the fluorescence emission peak in the range of 570-580 nm, denoted as F1:
  • F1 The strongest fluorescence intensity of the fluorescence emission peak in the range of 605-615 nm, denoted as F1:
  • the MD (A) index of 52 solutions C obtained by the above method was statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Fig. 1.
  • the MD (FI) index of 52 solutions C obtained by the above method was statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Fig. 2.
  • the MD (A) index of blood samples of 87.9% leukemia patients is less than 1.4 (ie, the diagnostic accuracy is 87.9%), and the MD (A) index of blood samples of only 10.5% of healthy subjects is less than 1.4 (ie, the false positive rate is 10.5%);
  • the MD (F1) index of blood samples of 97.0% leukemia patients is less than 5.2 (ie, the diagnostic accuracy is 97.0%), only % of health
  • the tester's blood sample MD (F1) index was greater than 5.2 (BP, false positive rate of 5.3%). Therefore, it is easy to distinguish the blood samples of normal subjects and leukemia patients by the diagnosis method of this fact.
  • the whole blood DNA of the above 52 subjects was tested by the same procedure as in Example 1, except that PBS buffer at pH 6.5 was used; heating at 85 ° C for 8 minutes and then rapidly quenching at 10 ° C
  • the cyanine dye is first dissolved in tetrahydrofuran to obtain the mother liquor D of the dye, and then an appropriate amount of solution B, a pH 6.5 PBS buffer solution and a solution D are mixed to prepare a solution C, and 52 parts of the prepared solution C are prepared.
  • the concentration of the cyanine dye in solution C was 10 uM.
  • test results The detection accuracy of MD (A) index was 97.33%, the false positive rate was 1.23%; the accuracy of MD CF1) was 95.96%, and the false positive rate was 0%.
  • the whole blood DNA of the above 52 subjects was tested by the same procedure as in Example 1, except that the pH was 7.0 in PBS buffer, heated at 90 ° C for 5 minutes and then rapidly quenched at 5 ° C.
  • the cyanine dye is first dissolved in methanol to obtain the mother liquor D of the dye, and then an appropriate amount of the solution B, the pH 7.0 PBS buffer and the solution D are mixed to prepare the solution C, and the prepared 52 parts of the solution C
  • the absorbance at 260 nm is 0.2-0.7, and the cyanine dye used is The concentration of the cyanine dye in solution C was 20 uM.
  • test results The detection accuracy of MD (A) index was 98.23%, the false positive rate was 2.13%; the accuracy of MD CF1) was 97.84%, and the false positive rate was 1.36%.
  • the whole blood DNA of the above 52 subjects was tested by the same procedure as in Example 1, except that PBS buffer pH 7.5 was used, heating at 95 ° C for 4 minutes and then rapidly quenching at 10 ° C.
  • the cyanine dye is first dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide to obtain the mother liquor D of the dye, and then an appropriate amount of solution B, a pH 7.5 PBS buffer solution and a solution D are mixed to prepare a solution C, which is prepared. Absorption of 52 parts of solution C at 260 ⁇
  • the concentration of the cyanine dye in solution C was 40 uM.
  • test results The detection accuracy of MD (A) index was 92.07%, the false positive rate was 5.30%; the accuracy of MD CF1) was 95.83%, and the false positive rate was 2.24%.
  • the whole blood DNA of the above 52 subjects was tested by the same procedure as in Example 1, except that the pH was 8.0 in PBS buffer, heated at 95 °C for 4 minutes and then rapidly quenched at 5 °C.
  • the cyanine dye is first dissolved in acetone to obtain the mother liquor D of the dye, and then an appropriate amount of solution B, a pH 8.0 PBS buffer solution and a solution D are mixed to prepare a solution C, and 52 parts of the prepared solution C are prepared.
  • the absorbance at 260 nm is 0.05-0.4, and the cyanine dye used is
  • the concentration of the cyanine dye in solution C was 50 uM.
  • test results The detection accuracy of MD (A) index was 94.88%, the false positive rate was 3.25%; the accuracy of MD CF1) was 97.25%, and the false positive rate was 1.23%.
  • the whole blood DNA of the above 52 subjects was tested by the same procedure as in Example 1, except that PBS buffer pH 7.2 was used, heating at 90 ° C for 5 minutes and then rapidly quenching at 4 ° C.
  • the cyanine dye is first dissolved in dimethylformamide to obtain the mother liquor D of the dye, and then an appropriate amount of solution B, a pH 7.2 PBS buffer solution and a solution D are mixed to prepare a solution C, which is prepared. Absorption of 52 parts of solution C at 260 nm
  • the concentration of the cyanine dye in solution C was 70 uM.
  • test results The detection accuracy of MD (A) index was 96.77%, the false positive rate was 0%; the detection accuracy of MD F1) index was 96.97%, and the false positive rate was 0%.
  • the whole blood DNA of the above 52 subjects was tested by the same procedure as in Example 1, except that PBS buffer pH 7.5 was used, heating at 90 ° C for 5 minutes and then rapidly quenching at 4 ° C.
  • the cyanine dye is first dissolved in acetone to obtain the mother liquor D of the dye, and then an appropriate amount of the solution B, the pH 7.5 PBS buffer and the solution D are mixed to prepare the solution C, and the prepared 52 parts of the solution C
  • the absorbance at 260 nm is 0.1-0.3, and the cyanine dye used is
  • the concentration of the cyanine dye in solution C was 100 uM.
  • test results The detection accuracy of MD (A) index was 96.78%, the false positive rate was 1.90%; the accuracy of MD CF1) was 95.67%, and the false positive rate was 2.32%.
  • the whole blood DNA of the above 52 subjects was detected by the same procedure as in the first embodiment, and the difference was
  • the solution was prepared in solution C, and the concentration of the compound in solution C was 50 uM.
  • test results The detection accuracy of MD (A) index was 60.61%, the false positive rate was 63.16%; the detection accuracy of MD (F1) index was 69.70%, and the false positive rate was 36.84%.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种诊断白血病的方法、试剂盒和系统,所述方法包括以下步骤:提取受试者的全血DNA,将其溶解于pH值为6~8的缓冲溶液中得到DNA溶液A;将溶液A在80℃~95℃的温度下加热2至15分钟,然后使溶液A在20℃以下的温度下快速淬火,并在淬火温度下静置过夜,得到溶液B;将适量的溶液B 与适量的pH值为6~8的缓冲溶液和菁染料混合以制备溶液C;分别测定溶液C的如下指标:550-560nm范围内的吸收峰的最强吸光度,记为AM;515-525nm 范围内的吸收峰的最强吸光度,记为AD;570-580nm范围内的荧光发射峰的最强荧光强度,记为FlM;605-615nm范围内的荧光发射峰的最强荧光强度,记为FlD;根据以上测定结果,计算MD (A)=AM/AD;MD(Fl)=FlM/FlD;若MD(A)小于1.4,或MD(Fl)小于5.2,则认定受试者患有白血病。

Description

诊断白血病的方法、 试剂盒和系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求 2012年 2月 21 日提交的中国专利申请号 201210041112.2和中国专 利申请号 201210041131.5 以及 2012 年 5 月 24 日提交的中国专利申请号 201210164310.8的优先权。 本申请通过引用包括上述申请的全部内容。 技术领域
本发明属于医药领域, 具体而言涉及诊断白血病的方法、 试剂盒和系统。 背景技术
白血病是造血系统的恶性肿瘤, 又叫 "血癌", 在儿科恶性肿瘤的发病率中居第 一位, 它的死亡率在导致儿童及 35岁以下成年人死亡的恶性肿瘤中排首位,是威胁儿 童和青壮年生命健康最常见的恶性肿瘤。 目前我国白血病的发病率,在各种肿瘤发病 率中位居 6—8位。
白血病的病源是由于细胞内 DNA的变异形成的骨髓中造血组织的不正常工作。 骨髓中的干细胞每天可以制造约 540万个 /1立方毫米的红血球和 7400个 /1立方毫米 白血球, 而白血病病人过分生产白血球且多数的白细胞是不成熟的, 为幼稚细胞, 其 存活期比正常情况下长。尽管这种白细胞数量很大,然而却不能像正常白细胞那样抗 感染。 体内这种白细胞的增多, 会直接影响一些重要器官的功能, 影响正常健康血细 胞的产量。 由于肿瘤细胞恶性增生, 抑制红细胞和血小板止血的产生, 甚至没有足够 的正常白细胞抗感染, 很容易受擦伤、 出血、 感染。 而且过多的白细胞也妨害骨髓的 其他工作, 这使得骨髓生产其它血细胞的功能降低。
白血病可以扩散到淋巴结、 脾、 肝、 中枢神经系统和其它器官, 产生不同症状。 这些症状, 主要跟骨髓内造血功能的破坏有关, 如持续发烧, 感染经久不愈, 贫血, 点状出血等; 还有血癌细胞穿渗组织引起的症状, 如淋巴结肿大, 骨痛或关节痛, 牙 龈肿胀, 肝脾肿大等。
白血病的诊断非常困难, 一般需要结合临床表现、体格检查和实验室化验三方面 综合判断才能最终确诊。 白细胞计数可以在一定程度上反映骨髓造血功能异常的风 险, 但单单此项检查远远不能达到确诊的需要。 通常而言, 要确诊白血病, 外周血检 和骨髓穿剌取样检测都是必须的。
但是, 由于骨髓穿剌并不易为常人所接受, 因此目前临床无法提供一种白血病风 险预警的手段, 同时也大大阻碍了白血病的早期发现及介入治疗。 当病人察觉到时, 往往已经进入了白血病发病的中后期。此外,血液中癌细胞的微小残留是预后的一个 重要指标, 对于微小残留病的准确检测, 对指导医生的下一步治疗有重要意义。然而 目前临床常用的分子生物学检测方法(PCR)所能达到的灵敏度仅为每 104个血细胞 含有一个癌细胞, 限制了对微小残留病的检测水平。
菁染料是一种常用染料, 具有独特的光敏感性质, 几个世纪以来, 伴随其独特理 化、 光学性质被发现, 逐渐被用做显影剂, 光敏剂, 非线性光学材料等。 发明内容 本发明的一个方面提供一种诊断白血病的方法, 所述方法包括以下步骤: 提取受试者的全血 DNA,将提取的全血 DNA溶解于试剂 I中得到 DNA溶液 A; 将溶液 A在 80°C~95°C的温度下, 优选在 85°C~95°C的温度下加热 2至 15分钟, 以使溶液 A中的 DNA变性, SP, 使双链 DNA解聚为单链形式, 然后, 使溶液 A在 20°C以下的温度下, 优选在 10°C以下的温度下, 更优选在 4°C的温度下快速淬火, 并 在淬火温度下静置过夜, 得到溶液 B;
用荧光光谱仪测定溶液 B在 570-580nm范围内的荧光发射峰的最强荧光强度, 记为 F1M Q;
将适量的溶液 B与适量的试剂 I和试剂 II混合以制备溶液 C; 其中溶液 B的加 入量取决于使用紫外-可见光吸收光谱仪测定的溶液 C在 260nm处的吸光度, 溶液 C 在 260nm处的吸光度优选在 0.01至 1的范围内, 更优选 0.1-0.3的范围内, 试剂 I和 试剂 II的加入量取决于溶液 C中式 I化合物的浓度, 溶液 C中式 I的化合物浓度为 luM至 lOOuM;
分别测定溶液 C的如下指标:
550-560nm范围内的吸收峰的最强吸光度, 记为 AM;
515-525nm范围内的吸收峰的最强吸光度, 记为 AD;
570-580nm范围内的荧光发射峰的最强荧光强度, 记为 F1M ;
605-615nm范围内的荧光发射峰的最强荧光强度, 记为 F1D; 根据以上测定结果, 计算以下指标:
MD (A) = AM/AD;
Figure imgf000005_0001
若 MD (A) 小于 1.4, 或 MD (Fl) 小于 5.2, 则可认定受试者患有白血病; 其中试剂 I为 pH值为 6~8的缓冲液, 试剂 II为菁染料, 所述菁染料具体为下式 I所示
Figure imgf000005_0002
式 I
其中: 《 为 6的烷基、 苯基、 烷基取代的苯基; R2、 R3、 和 R5独立地选 自 H或 d-C6的烷基, 或者 R2和 R3与它们所连接的碳原子一起形成 5元至 7元的环 结构, 或者 和 R5与它们所连接的碳原子一起形成 5元至 7元的环结构; 和 R7 独立地选自 d-C6的烷基; Y为卤素; Xi, X2独立选自碳 (C)、 氧 (0)、 硫 (S)、 硒 ( Se)、 碲 (Te)。
根据本发明的方法, 其中所述 d-C6的烷基为碳原子数为 1至 6的直链或支链的 烷基, 包括但不限于, 甲基、 乙基、 正丙基、 异丙基、 正丁基、 异丁基、 叔丁基、 戊 基、 异戊基、 正己基或异己基等。
根据本发明的方法, 其中 优选为甲基、 乙基、 正丙基、 异丙基、 正丁基、 异 丁基、 叔丁基、 戊基、 异戊基、 正己基、 异己基、 苯基、 甲基苯基或二甲基苯基。
根据本发明的方法, 其中 R2、 R3、 R4和 R5独立地选自甲基、 乙基、 正丙基、 异 丙基、 正丁基、 异丁基、 叔丁基、 戊基、 异戊基、 正己基或异己基。
根据本发明的方法, 其中 R2和 R3与它们所连接的碳原子可以形成 5元至 7元的 饱和环结构或不饱和环结构, 所述环结构可以含有或不含有 N或 S原子。
根据本发明的方法, 其中 和 R5与它们所连接的碳原子可以形成 5元至 7元的 饱和环结构或不饱和环结构, 所述环结构可以含有或不含有 N或 S原子。
根据本发明的方法, 其中 Y优选为氟、 氯、 溴或碘。
根据本发明的方法,其中对于式 I的化合物而言,其制备方法可以参考 Leslie G S., Brooker and Frank L. W., JACS, 1935, 547-551中记载的合成路线, 也可以使用本领域 熟知的其他方法来制备。
根据本发明的方法,其中试剂 I优选为 pH6~8的含有一价金属离子的缓冲液,包 括但不限于磷酸钠 -磷酸氢钠缓冲液、磷酸钾 -磷酸氢钾缓冲液、 巴比妥钠 -盐酸缓冲液 或柠檬酸 -柠檬酸钠缓冲液。
根据本发明的方法, 其中在制备溶液 C的步骤中, 可以将溶液 B与试剂 I试剂
II直接混合来制备溶液 C; 也可以先将试剂 II溶于试剂 I中, 再将得到的溶液与溶液 B混合来制备溶液 C; 或者优选地先将试剂 II溶解于试剂 III得到溶液 D, 再将适量 的溶液 B与溶液 D和试剂 I混合得到溶液 C, 其中所述试剂 III为极性大于正丙醇的 有机溶剂, 即极性大于 4.0的有机溶剂,此类溶剂的非限定性实例包括: 甲基异丁酮、 四氢呋喃、 乙酸乙酯、异丙醇、 氯仿、 甲基乙基酮、 二恶烷、 吡啶、 丙酮、硝基甲烷、 乙腈、 二甲基甲酰胺、 甲醇、 乙二醇 、 二甲亚砜或它们的混合物。 在使用试剂 III 的情况下可以更好地使菁染料分散于溶液中, 从而使得检测精度更高。
本发明的另一方面提供一种用于检测白血病的试剂盒, 所述试剂盒包括试剂 I和 试剂 II, 其中试剂 I为 pH值为 6~8的缓冲液, 试剂 II为菁染料, 所述菁染料具体为 下式 I
Figure imgf000006_0001
式 I 其中: 《 为 6的烷基、 苯基、 烷基取代的苯基; R2、 R3、 和 R5独立地选 自 H或 d-C6的烷基, 或者 R2和 R3与它们所连接的碳原子一起形成 5元至 7元的环 结构, 或者 和 R5与它们所连接的碳原子一起形成 5元至 7元的环结构; 和 R7 独立地选自 d-C6的烷基; Y为卤素; Xi, X2独立选自碳 (C)、 氧 (0)、 硫 (S)、 硒 ( Se)、 碲 (Te)。
根据本发明的试剂盒,其中所述试剂 I优选为 pH6~8的含有一价金属离子的缓冲 液, 包括但不限于磷酸钠 -磷酸氢钠缓冲液、磷酸钾 -磷酸氢钾缓冲液、 巴比妥钠 -盐酸 缓冲液或柠檬酸 -柠檬酸钠缓冲液。
根据本发明的试剂盒, 其中所述 d-C6的烷基为碳原子数为 1至 6的直链或支链 的烷基, 包括但不限于, 甲基、 乙基、 正丙基、 异丙基、 正丁基、 异丁基、 叔丁基、 戊基、 异戊基、 正己基或异己基等。
根据本发明的试剂盒, 其中 优选为甲基、 乙基、 正丙基、 异丙基、 正丁基、 异丁基、 叔丁基、 戊基、 异戊基、 正己基、 异己基、 苯基、 甲基苯基或二甲基苯基。
根据本发明的试剂盒, 其中 R2、 R3、 R4和 R5独立地选自甲基、 乙基、 正丙基、 异丙基、 正丁基、 异丁基、 叔丁基、 戊基、 异戊基、 正己基或异己基。
根据本发明的试剂盒, 其中 R2和 R3与它们所连接的碳原子可以形成 5元至 7元 的饱和环结构或不饱和环结构, 所述环结构可以含有或不含有 N或 S原子。
根据本发明的试剂盒, 其中 和 R5与它们所连接的碳原子可以形成 5元至 7元 的饱和环结构或不饱和环结构, 所述环结构可以含有或不含有 N或 S原子。
根据本发明的试剂盒, 其中 Y优选为氟、 氯、 溴或碘。
根据本发明的试剂盒, 其还包括试剂 III, 所述试剂 III为极性大于正丙醇的有机 溶剂, 即极性大于 4.0的有机溶剂, 此类溶剂的非限定性实例包括: 甲基异丁酮、 四 氢呋喃、 乙酸乙酯、 异丙醇、 氯仿、 甲基乙基酮、 二恶烷、 吡啶、 丙酮、 硝基甲烷、 乙腈、 二甲基甲酰胺、 甲醇、 乙二醇 、 二甲亚砜或它们的混合物。
本发明的又一方面提供一种用于诊断白血病的系统,所述系统包括本发明的试剂 盒和荧光光谱仪或紫外-可见光吸收光谱仪。
与现有技术相比,本发明提供的用于诊断白血病的试剂盒及其使用方法以及诊断 系统的优点在于:
检测对象为受试者的外周血, 不需进行骨髓穿剌即可得到准确的诊断结果, 不仅 对患者创伤小, 更便于大规模筛查与追踪治疗;
高灵敏度, 创新性的采用超分子荧光探针, 灵敏度是传统单分子探针的 100倍以 上;
高特异性, 直接针对全血中的 DNA提取物, 白血病诊断准确率约 85-97%; 仅需一步染色, 无洗涤, 操作简单, 检测时间短;
仪器通用性强, 仅需使用临床常规检测仪器 (紫外-可见光吸收光谱仪或荧光光 谱仪)。 附图说明
图 1是表示根据本发明一个实施例得到的受试者的 MD (A) 指标的统计图; 图 2是表示根据本发明一个实施例得到的受试者的 MD (FI) 指标的统计图。 具体实施方式 下面将参照附图以具体实施例的方式来更详细地描述本发明, 但是应当理解, 本 发明可以以不同的方式实施,提供这些实施例仅是为了使本说明书充分和完整, 以使 本领域技术人员能够实施本发明,本发明的范围并不应当限定为本文所列的具体实施 例。
本实验所有血样均是通过合同研究组织(Contract Research Organization, CRO), 与医院签订正式的临床试验合同后获得。所有血样的测试均已经过医院伦理委员会讨 论通过。
实施例 1
提取 19位健康受试者和 33位白血病患者的全血 DNA,将提取的全血 DNA分别 用 pH为 6.0的 PBS缓冲液溶解, 得到 52份 DNA溶液 A。
将每份溶液 A在 80°C的水浴中加热 15分钟, 然后在 4 °C的冰箱中快速淬火, 并 在 4°C的冰箱中静置过夜, 得到 52份溶液 B。
用荧光光谱仪测定每份溶液 B在 570-580nm范围内的荧光发射峰的最强荧光强 度 F1M 0
取适量的溶液 B与适量的 pH为 6.0为的 PBS缓冲液和菁染料制备溶液 C, 使所 制备的 52份溶液 C在 260nm处的吸光度为 0.1-0.3,溶液 C中化合物的浓度为 luM。 其中
Figure imgf000008_0001
然后分别测定每个溶液 C的如下指标:
550-560nm范围内的吸收峰的最强吸光度, 记为 AM;
515-525nm范围内的吸收峰的最强吸光度, 记为 AD;
570-580nm范围内的荧光发射峰的最强荧光强度, 记为 F1:
605-615nm范围内的荧光发射峰的最强荧光强度, 记为 F1:
根据以上测定结果, 计算以下指标:
MD (A) = AM/AD;
Figure imgf000009_0001
对通过以上方式获得的 52份溶液 C的 MD (A)指标进行统计分析, 结果如图 1 所示。 对通过以上方式获得的 52份溶液 C的 MD (FI)指标分别进行统计分析, 结果 如图 2所示。
参照图 1,可以清楚地看出 87.9%白血病患者的血液样品 MD (A)指标小于 1.4(即, 诊断准确率为 87.9%), 仅 10.5%健康受试者的血液样品 MD (A)指标小于 1.4 (即, 假阳性率为 10.5%);参照图 2,可以清楚地看出 97.0%白血病患者的血液样品 MD (F1) 指标小于 5.2 (即, 诊断准确率为 97.0%), 仅%健康受试者的血液样品 MD (F1)指标 大于 5.2 ( BP , 假阳性率为 5.3%)。 因此, 采用本事实例的诊断方式可以容易地将正 常受试者和白血病患者的血样区分开来。
实施例 2
采用与实施例 1相同的步骤对以上 52位受试者的全血 DNA进行检测, 区别在 于, 使用 pH为 6.5的 PBS缓冲液; 在 85°C下加热 8分钟然后在 10°C下快速淬火; 在制备溶液 C时先将菁染料溶于四氢呋喃得到染料的母液 D, 然后取适量的溶液 B、 pH为 6.5的 PBS缓冲液以及溶液 D将其混合制备溶液 C, 所制备的 52份溶液 C在
26
Figure imgf000009_0002
菁染料在溶液 C中的浓度为 10uM。
检测结果: 采用 MD (A)指标的检测准确率为 97.33%, 假阳性率为 1.23%; 采用 MD CF1)指标的检测准确率为 95.96%, 假阳性率为 0%。
实施例 3
采用与实施例 1相同的步骤对以上 52位受试者的全血 DNA进行检测, 区别在 于, 使用 pH为 7.0的 PBS缓冲液, 在 90°C下加热 5分钟然后在 5°C下快速淬火; 在 制备溶液 C时先将菁染料溶于甲醇得到染料的母液 D, 然后取适量的溶液 B、 pH为 7.0的 PBS缓冲液以及溶液 D将其混合制备溶液 C, 所制备的 52份溶液 C在 260nm 处的吸光度为 0.2-0.7, 所使用的菁染料为
Figure imgf000010_0001
菁染料在溶液 C中的浓度为 20uM。
检测结果: 采用 MD (A)指标的检测准确率为 98.23%, 假阳性率为 2.13%; 采用 MD CF1)指标的检测准确率为 97.84 %, 假阳性率为 1.36%。
实施例 4
采用与实施例 1相同的步骤对以上 52位受试者的全血 DNA进行检测, 区别在 于, 使用 pH为 7.5的 PBS缓冲液, 在 95°C下加热 4分钟然后在 10°C下快速淬火; 在制备溶液 C时先将菁染料溶于二甲基亚砜得到染料的母液 D,然后取适量的溶液 B、 pH为 7.5的 PBS缓冲液以及溶液 D将其混合制备溶液 C, 所制备的 52份溶液 C在 260匪处的吸
Figure imgf000010_0002
菁染料在溶液 C中的浓度为 40uM。
检测结果: 采用 MD (A)指标的检测准确率为 92.07%, 假阳性率为 5.30%; 采用 MD CFl)指标的检测准确率为 95.83%, 假阳性率为 2.24%。
实施例 5
采用与实施例 1相同的步骤对以上 52位受试者的全血 DNA进行检测, 区别在 于, 使用 pH为 8.0的 PBS缓冲液, 在 95 °C下加热 4分钟然后在 5 °C下快速淬火; 在 制备溶液 C时先将菁染料溶于丙酮得到染料的母液 D, 然后取适量的溶液 B、 pH为 8.0的 PBS缓冲液以及溶液 D将其混合制备溶液 C, 所制备的 52份溶液 C在 260nm 处的吸光度为 0.05-0.4, 所使用的菁染料为
Figure imgf000011_0001
菁染料在溶液 C中的浓度为 50uM。
检测结果: 采用 MD (A)指标的检测准确率为 94.88%, 假阳性率为 3.25%; 采用 MD CF1)指标的检测准确率为 97.25%, 假阳性率为 1.23%。
实施例 6
采用与实施例 1相同的步骤对以上 52位受试者的全血 DNA进行检测, 区别在 于, 使用 pH为 7.2的 PBS缓冲液, 在 90°C下加热 5分钟然后在 4°C下快速淬火; 在 制备溶液 C时先将菁染料溶于二甲基甲酰胺得到染料的母液 D,然后取适量的溶液 B、 pH为 7.2的 PBS缓冲液以及溶液 D将其混合制备溶液 C, 所制备的 52份溶液 C在 260nm处的吸
Figure imgf000011_0002
菁染料在溶液 C中的浓度为 70uM。
检测结果: 采用 MD (A)指标的检测准确率为 96.77%,假阳性率为 0%; 采用 MD F1)指标的检测准确率为 96.97%, 假阳性率为 0%。
实施例 7
采用与实施例 1相同的步骤对以上 52位受试者的全血 DNA进行检测, 区别在 于, 使用 pH为 7.5的 PBS缓冲液, 在 90°C下加热 5分钟然后在 4°C下快速淬火; 在 制备溶液 C时先将菁染料溶于丙酮得到染料的母液 D, 然后取适量的溶液 B、 pH为 7.5的 PBS缓冲液以及溶液 D将其混合制备溶液 C, 所制备的 52份溶液 C在 260nm 处的吸光度为 0.1-0.3, 所使用的菁染料为
Figure imgf000012_0001
菁染料在溶液 C中的浓度为 100uM。
检测结果: 采用 MD (A)指标的检测准确率为 96.78%, 假阳性率为 1.90%; 采用 MD CF1)指标的检测准确率为 95.67%, 假阳性率为 2.32%。
对比例
采用与实施 1相同的步骤对以上 52位受试者的全血 DNA进行检测, 区别在
于, 使用化合物
Figure imgf000012_0002
溶液配制溶液 C, 该化合物在溶液 C中 的浓度为 50uM。
检测结果: 采用 MD (A)指标的检测准确率为 60.61%, 假阳性率为 63.16%; 采 用 MD (F1)指标的检测准确率为 69.70%, 假阳性率为 36.84%。
由此可见,当使用该化合物时,并不能将健康受试者和白血病患者的血样区分开。 虽然已经以具体实施例的方式详细地描述了本发明,但是对于本领域技术人员来 说明显的是,在不脱离所附权利要求书所限定的本发明的精神和范围的情况下,可以 对本发明进行各种变化和修改, 这些变化和修改同样包括在本发明的范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种诊断白血病的方法, 所述方法包括以下步骤:
提取受试者的全血 DNA, 将提取的全血 DNA溶解于 pH值为 6~8的缓冲溶 液中得到 DNA溶液 A;
将溶液 A在 80°C~95°C的温度下, 优选在 85 °C~95°C的温度下加热 2至 15 分钟, 然后, 使溶液 A在 20°C以下的温度下, 优选在 10°C以下的温度下, 更优 选在 4°C的温度下快速淬火, 并在淬火温度下静置过夜, 得到溶液 B;
将适量的溶液 B与适量的 pH值为 6~8的缓冲溶液和菁染料混合以制备溶液
C;
分别测定溶液 C的如下指标:
550-560nm范围内的吸收峰的最强吸光度, 记为 AM;
515-525nm范围内的吸收峰的最强吸光度, 记为 AD;
570-580nm范围内的荧光发射峰的最强荧光强度, 记为 F1M ;
605-615nm范围内的荧光发射峰的最强荧光强度, 记为 F1D;
根据以上测定结果, 计算以下指标:
MD (A) = AM/AD;
Figure imgf000013_0001
若 MD (A) 小于 1.4, 或 MD (Fl) 小于 5.2, 则可认定受试者患有白血病。
2. 如权利要求 1 所述的方法, 其中所述缓冲液为含有一价金属离子的缓冲 液。
3. 如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其中所述缓冲液为磷酸钠 -磷酸氢钠缓冲液、 磷酸钾 -磷酸氢钾缓冲液、 巴比妥钠-盐酸缓冲液或柠檬酸 -柠檬酸钠缓冲液。
4. 如权利要求 1或 2或 3所述的方法,其中所述菁染料为下式 I所示的化合 物
Figure imgf000014_0001
式 I
其中: 1^为 6的烷基、 苯基、 烷基取代的苯基; R2、 R3、 和 R5独立 地选自 H或 d-C6的烷基, 或者 R2和 R3与它们所连接的碳原子一起形成 5元至 7元的环结构, 或者 和 R5与它们所连接的碳原子一起形成 5元至 7元的环结 构; 和 R7独立地选自 d-C6的烷基; Y为卤素; Xi, X2独立选自碳 (C)、 氧 (0)、 硫 (S)、 硒 (Se)、 碲 (Te)。
5. 如权利要求 4所述的方法,其中所述 d-C6的烷基为碳原子数为 1至 6的 直链或支链的烷基, 包括但不限于, 甲基、 乙基、 正丙基、 异丙基、 正丁基、 异 丁基、 叔丁基、 戊基、 异戊基、 正己基或异己基。
6. 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其中 优选为甲基、 乙基、 正丙基、异丙基、 正丁基、 异丁基、 叔丁基、 戊基、 异戊基、 正己基、 异己基、 苯基、 甲基苯基或 二甲基苯基。
7. 如权利要求 4所述的方法,其中 R2、 R3、 和 R5独立地选自甲基、乙基、 正丙基、 异丙基、 正丁基、 异丁基、 叔丁基、 戊基、 异戊基、 正己基或异己基。
8. 如权利要求 4所述的方法,其中 R2和 R3与它们所连接的碳原子一起形成
5元至 7元的饱和环结构或不饱和环结构,所述环结构含有或不含有 N或 S原子。
9. 如权利要求 4所述的方法,其中 和 R5与它们所连接的碳原子一起形成 5元至 7元的饱和环结构或不饱和环结构,所述环结构含有或不含有 N或 S原子。
10. 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其中 Y优选为氟、 氯、 溴或碘。
11. 用于诊断白血病的试剂盒, 所述试剂盒包括 pH值为 6~8的缓冲溶液和 菁染料。
12. 如权利要求 11 所述的试剂盒, 其中所述缓冲溶液为含有一价金属离子 的缓冲液。
13. 如权利要求 12所述的试剂盒, 其中所述缓冲液为磷酸钠-磷酸氢钠缓冲 液、 磷酸钾 -磷酸氢钾缓冲液、 巴比妥钠-盐酸缓冲液或柠檬酸 -柠檬酸钠缓冲液,
14. 如权利要求 11或 12或 13所述的试剂盒,其中所述菁染料为下式 I所示 的
Figure imgf000015_0001
式 I
其中: 1^为 6的烷基、 苯基、 烷基取代的苯基; R2、 R3、 和 R5独立 地选自 H或 d-C6的烷基, 或者 R2和 R3与它们所连接的碳原子一起形成 5元至 7元的环结构, 或者 和 R5与它们所连接的碳原子一起形成 5元至 7元的环结 构; 和 R7独立地选自 d-C6的烷基; Y为卤素; Xi, X2独立选自碳 (C)、 氧 (0)、 硫 (S)、 硒 (Se)、 碲 (Te)。
15. 如权利要求 14所述的试剂盒,其中所述 d-C6的烷基为碳原子数为 1至
6的直链或支链的烷基, 包括但不限于, 甲基、 乙基、 正丙基、 异丙基、 正丁基、 异丁基、 叔丁基、 戊基、 异戊基、 正己基或异己基。
16. 如权利要求 14所述的试剂盒, 其中 优选为甲基、 乙基、 正丙基、 异 丙基、 正丁基、 异丁基、 叔丁基、 戊基、 异戊基、 正己基、 异己基、 苯基、 甲基 苯基或二甲基苯基。
17. 如权利要求 14所述的试剂盒, 其中 R2、 R3、 和 R5独立地选自甲基、 乙基、 正丙基、 异丙基、 正丁基、 异丁基、 叔丁基、 戊基、 异戊基、 正己基或异 己基。
18. 如权利要求 14所述的试剂盒,其中 R2和 R3与它们所连接的碳原子一起 形成 5元至 7元的饱和环结构或不饱和环结构,所述环结构含有或不含有 N或 S 原子。
19. 如权利要求 14所述的试剂盒,其中 和 R5与它们所连接的碳原子一起 形成 5元至 7元的饱和环结构或不饱和环结构,所述环结构含有或不含有 N或 S 原子。
20. 如权利要求 14所述的试剂盒, 其中 Y为氟、 氯、 溴或碘。
21. 用于诊断白血病的系统, 所述系统包括权利要求 11至 20中任一项所述 的试剂盒和荧光光谱仪或紫外-可见光吸收光谱仪。
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