WO2013118462A1 - El表示装置およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
El表示装置およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013118462A1 WO2013118462A1 PCT/JP2013/000473 JP2013000473W WO2013118462A1 WO 2013118462 A1 WO2013118462 A1 WO 2013118462A1 JP 2013000473 W JP2013000473 W JP 2013000473W WO 2013118462 A1 WO2013118462 A1 WO 2013118462A1
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- layer
- common electrode
- transport layer
- display device
- emitting layer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/805—Electrodes
- H10K59/8052—Cathodes
- H10K59/80522—Cathodes combined with auxiliary electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/10—OLED displays
- H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
- H10K59/131—Interconnections, e.g. wiring lines or terminals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
- H10K50/16—Electron transporting layers
- H10K50/165—Electron transporting layers comprising dopants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/17—Carrier injection layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/805—Electrodes
- H10K50/82—Cathodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/805—Electrodes
- H10K50/82—Cathodes
- H10K50/824—Cathodes combined with auxiliary electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/84—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
- H10K50/842—Containers
- H10K50/8423—Metallic sealing arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
- H05B33/26—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/10—OLED displays
- H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
- H10K59/1201—Manufacture or treatment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/40—Thermal treatment, e.g. annealing in the presence of a solvent vapour
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an EL display device and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a technique for improving life characteristics in an EL display device.
- An example of an EL display device is an organic EL display device that uses an electroluminescent phenomenon of an organic material.
- a pixel electrode is formed on a substrate, and a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an organic light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, a common electrode, and the like are laminated thereon.
- an auxiliary wiring is formed in a region on the substrate where the pixel electrode is not formed, Connection has been made (Patent Document 1).
- each layer of the organic EL display device for example, the pixel electrode and auxiliary wiring made of an alloy such as Al or Ag are formed by sputtering, and the hole injection layer made of a transition metal oxide is also formed by sputtering.
- the hole transport layer and the organic light emitting layer made of a polymer material are formed by printing, the electron transport layer made of an organic material doped with an alkali metal is formed by vapor deposition, and a transparent metal such as ITO (indium tin oxide)
- ITO indium tin oxide
- the pixel electrode is patterned because it is formed for each pixel.
- the hole transport layer and the organic light emitting layer formed by printing are also patterned.
- the hole injection layer, the electron transport layer, and the common electrode do not need to be formed for each pixel.
- film formation by vapor deposition or sputtering is not suitable for patterning, it is a so-called solid film without patterning. It is formed.
- the manufacturing process is simplified by forming the hole injection layer, the electron transport layer, and the common electrode with a solid film.
- an electron transport layer (ETL) is interposed between the common electrode made of ITO and the organic light emitting layer, and the electron transport layer raises the energy level of electrons, Allows injection.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an EL display device that has a long life due to a large amount of charge injection into the light emitting layer, and a method for manufacturing the EL display device.
- an EL display device includes a pixel electrode formed over a substrate and an auxiliary formed in a region different from the region over which the pixel electrode is formed.
- a common electrode electrically connected to the auxiliary wiring, and the common electrode is made of an alkali metal and an alkaline earth metal. It consists of 1 or more types of metals chosen from these.
- the step of forming the pixel electrode over the substrate and the formation of the auxiliary wiring in a region different from the region where the pixel electrode is formed over the substrate A step of forming a light emitting layer above the pixel electrode, a step of continuously forming a charge transport layer above the auxiliary wiring and above the light emitting layer, and an alkali metal and an alkaline earth metal It is made of one or more metals selected from the group, and is formed continuously on the charge transport layer above the auxiliary wiring and above the light emitting layer, and is electrically connected to the auxiliary wiring Forming a common electrode.
- the common electrode is made of one or more metals selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, a large amount of charge is injected into the light emitting layer. Accordingly, since a suitable carrier balance can be maintained in the light emitting layer, the material of the light emitting layer is hardly deteriorated, and the EL display device has a long life. Moreover, since the common electrode is formed on the charge transport layer, there is no possibility that the common electrode contacts the lower layer and is oxidized.
- the conduction between the auxiliary wiring and the common electrode may be interrupted by the oxidation of the common electrode. Absent.
- the manufacturing method of the EL display device includes the step of forming the common electrode and the charge transport layer as described above, an EL display device that does not easily shorten the life due to material deterioration of the light emitting layer is manufactured. Is possible.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an entire configuration of an EL display device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a display panel according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a process diagram for describing a manufacturing process of an EL display device according to one embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the relationship between an electron injection structure and a current density. It is a schematic diagram which shows the band structure between a common electrode and a light emitting layer. It is a figure which shows the relationship between a current density and a lifetime characteristic. It is a figure which shows the influence which the barium density
- An EL display device includes a pixel electrode formed over a substrate, an auxiliary wiring formed over a region different from the region over which the pixel electrode is formed, and the pixel electrode A light emitting layer formed above, a charge transport layer formed continuously above the auxiliary wiring and above the light emitting layer, and above the auxiliary wiring and above the light emitting layer on the charge transport layer.
- a common electrode formed continuously upward and electrically connected to the auxiliary wiring, wherein the common electrode is at least one selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals Made of metal.
- an oxide layer made of a transition metal oxide is formed continuously above the pixel electrode and above the auxiliary wiring, and the charge transport layer is formed on the oxide layer, and an alkali metal And an organic material containing one or more metals selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metals.
- the common electrode is made of barium.
- the charge transport layer contains 5 wt% or more and 18 wt% or less of barium.
- the light-emitting layer has a thickness of 60 nm or more and less than 100 nm. In a more specific aspect, the current density per unit area of the light-emitting layer is, 1.5 mA / cm 2 or more and 2.5 mA / cm 2 or less.
- an oxidation suppression layer made of the same organic material as the organic material constituting the charge transport layer is formed on the common electrode.
- a sealing film made of an oxide of the same metal as the metal constituting the common electrode is formed on the oxidation suppression layer.
- the pixel electrode is an anode
- the common electrode is a cathode
- the charge transport layer is an electron transport layer
- the oxide layer is a hole injection layer made of tungsten oxide or molybdenum oxide.
- An EL display device manufacturing method includes a step of forming a pixel electrode on a substrate, and a step of forming an auxiliary wiring in a region different from the region where the pixel electrode is formed on the substrate.
- FIG. 1 illustrates an overall structure of an EL display device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- an EL display device 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention is an organic EL display device including a display panel 10 and a drive control unit 20 connected thereto.
- the EL display device according to one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to an organic EL display device, and may be an inorganic EL display device or an EL display device other than those.
- the drive control unit 20 includes four drive circuits 21 to 24 and a control circuit 25.
- the arrangement and connection relationship of the drive control unit 20 with respect to the display panel 10 are not limited to this.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a display panel according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the display panel according to one embodiment of the present invention is a top-emission organic display panel in which RGB pixels are arranged in a line shape or a matrix shape, and each pixel has a TFT substrate 101 as shown in FIG. Further, the planarization film 102, the pixel electrode 103, the auxiliary wiring 104, the oxide layer 105, the bank 106, the hole transport layer 107, the light-emitting layer 108, the electron transport layer 109, the common electrode 110, the oxidation suppression layer 111, the sealing film 112, a sealing layer 113, a resin layer 114, and a glass plate 115 are stacked.
- the TFT substrate 101 is, for example, a thin film transistor array substrate in which a drive circuit is formed on a base substrate.
- the base substrate material include alkali-free glass, soda glass, non-fluorescent glass, phosphoric acid glass, boric acid glass, quartz, acrylic resin, styrene resin, polycarbonate resin, epoxy resin, polyethylene, polyester, Examples thereof include an insulating material such as a silicone resin or alumina.
- the planarization film 102 is formed on the TFT substrate 101 and has a function of planarizing the unevenness on the surface of the TFT substrate 101.
- a material of the planarizing film 102 for example, an organic material such as an acrylic resin, a polyimide resin, a novolac type phenol resin, or an inorganic material such as SiO 2 (silicon oxide) or Si 3 N 4 (silicon nitride). Etc.
- the pixel electrode 103 is, for example, a reflective anode formed in a matrix shape or a line shape for each pixel on a substrate (strictly, on the planarizing film 102), and a transparent conductive material made of IZO on a metal film made of ACL. It has a structure in which films are stacked.
- the structure of the pixel electrode 103 is not limited to this.
- ACL APC (silver, palladium, copper alloy), ARA (silver, rubidium, gold alloy), MoCr (molybdenum and chromium alloy), NiCr, for example.
- It may be a single layer of an alloy film such as (alloy of nickel and chromium), a transparent conductive film such as IZO (indium zinc oxide) or ITO, or a metal film such as aluminum or silver.
- an alloy film such as (alloy of nickel and chromium)
- a transparent conductive film such as IZO (indium zinc oxide) or ITO
- a metal film such as aluminum or silver.
- stacked several films selected from these alloy films, a transparent conductive film, and a metal film may be sufficient.
- the auxiliary wiring 104 is formed in a region different from the region where the pixel electrode 103 is formed on the substrate, and is electrically connected to the common electrode 110. Specifically, for example, it is provided in a line shape for each pixel column along the arrangement direction of the pixel electrodes 103, and has a structure in which a transparent conductive film made of IZO is laminated on a metal film made of ACL.
- the structure of the auxiliary wiring 104 is not limited to this.
- the auxiliary wiring 104 is a single layer of an alloy film such as ACL, APC, ARA, MoCr, or NiCr, a transparent conductive film such as IZO or ITO, or a metal film such as aluminum or silver. There may be.
- stacked several films selected from these alloy films, a transparent conductive film, and a metal film may be sufficient.
- the pixel electrode 103 and the auxiliary wiring 104 are electrically connected to the TFT substrate 101 through contact holes 116 and 117, respectively.
- the oxide layer 105 is made of, for example, a transition metal oxide and is formed above the pixel electrode 103 and functions as a hole injection layer.
- the transition metal is an element existing between the Group 3 element and the Group 11 element in the periodic table.
- transition metals tungsten, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, niobium, hafnium, tantalum, and the like are preferable because they have high hole injectability after oxidation.
- tungsten and molybdenum are suitable for forming the oxide layer 105 having a high hole-injecting property because the oxide layer 105 having an oxygen defect is easily formed by sputtering in the presence of oxygen. .
- the oxide layer 105 may be a solid film formed continuously above the pixel electrode 103 and above the auxiliary wiring 104, for example. If the oxide layer 105 is formed as a continuous solid film, the manufacturing process can be simplified.
- the oxide layer 105 is a continuous solid film, a part of the oxide layer 105 is also interposed between the auxiliary wiring 104 and the common electrode 110. Then, the intervening portion comes into contact with the oxide layer 105, and a metal oxide film is formed by the oxidation, and the electrical connection between the auxiliary wiring 104 and the common electrode 110 may be interrupted by the metal oxide. There is. However, in this embodiment, the electron transport layer 109 is interposed between the oxide layer 105 and the common electrode 110. Therefore, the common electrode 110 does not contact the oxide layer 105, and the electrical connection between the auxiliary wiring 104 and the common electrode 110 is not interrupted.
- the oxide layer 105 is not necessarily required for the EL display device according to the present invention.
- the oxide layer 105 is not limited to a transition metal oxide, and may be made of an oxide other than a transition metal oxide, such as an alloy of a transition metal. Even in this case, the common electrode 110 may be oxidized, and the electrical connection between the auxiliary wiring 104 and the common electrode 110 may be interrupted.
- the bank 106 is made of, for example, an organic material such as an acrylic resin, a polyimide resin, or a novolac type phenol resin, or an inorganic material such as SiO 2 or Si 3 N 4 , and defines an area corresponding to a pixel. .
- the hole transport layer 107 and the light emitting layer 108 are laminated in this order, and further, the region beyond the region defined by the bank 106 is adjacent.
- the electron transport layer 109, the common electrode 110, the oxidation suppression layer 111, the sealing film 112, and the sealing layer 113 are laminated in this order so as to be continuous with those of the pixel, that is, as a solid film.
- the hole transport layer 107 is formed on the oxide layer 105 in a region defined by the bank 106 and functions as a hole injection layer that transports holes injected from the pixel electrode 103 to the light emitting layer 108.
- Examples of the material of the hole transport layer 107 include PEDOT-PSS (poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene doped with polystyrene sulfonic acid)), PEDOT-PSS derivatives (copolymers, etc.), and the like. .
- the light emitting layer 108 is formed on the oxide layer 105 (strictly, on the hole transport layer 107) in a region defined by the bank 106, and functions as an organic light emitting layer that emits light using electroluminescence.
- the organic material for the light-emitting layer 108 include F8BT (poly (9,9-di-n-octylfluorene-alt-benzothiazole)), which is an organic polymer, but is not limited to F8BT and is a known organic material. Is available.
- organic materials include, for example, oxinoid compounds, perylene compounds, coumarin compounds, azacoumarin compounds, oxazole compounds, oxadiazole compounds, perinone compounds, pyrrolopyrrole compounds, naphthalene compounds, anthracenes described in JP-A-5-163488.
- the electron transport layer 109 is an example of a charge transport layer, and functions as an electron transport layer that transports electrons injected from the common electrode 110 to the light emitting layer 108.
- the electron transport layer 109 is formed as a solid film continuously on the oxide layer 105 and the light emitting layer 108 above the auxiliary wiring 104, so that the manufacturing process can be simplified. Since the electron transport layer 109 is formed over the oxide layer 105, that is, the electron transport layer 109 is interposed between the oxide layer 105 and the common electrode 110, the common electrode 110 is formed by the oxide layer 105. Not oxidized.
- the electron transport layer 109 is made of, for example, an organic material containing one or more metals selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals. Since one or more metals selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals are included, a charge transfer complex (CT complex) is formed in the electron transport layer 109, thereby functioning as an electron transport layer. .
- CT complex charge transfer complex
- Organic materials include nitro-substituted fluorenone derivatives, thiopyrandioxide derivatives, difequinone derivatives, perylene tetracarboxyl derivatives, anthraquinodimethane derivatives, fluorenylidenemethane derivatives, anthrone derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, perinone derivatives, quinoline complex derivatives. Etc.
- the metal contained in the organic material is preferably the same as the metal constituting the common electrode 110.
- the metal contained in the organic material is also preferably barium.
- the electron transport layer 109 is not limited to a layer made of an organic material containing one or more metals selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals. A material having a high function is preferable. Furthermore, in order not to oxidize the common electrode 110, it is preferable that it is not an oxide.
- the common electrode 110 is a cathode formed as a continuous film on the electron transport layer 109 and above the auxiliary wiring 104 and above the light emitting layer 108, and is electrically connected to the auxiliary wiring 104. .
- the common electrode 110 is made of one or more metals selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals. When the common electrode 110 is formed of one or more metals selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, the injection barrier between the common electrode 110 and the light emitting layer 108 is lowered.
- the electron transport layer 109 which is the rate-determining step of electron transfer, is interposed between the common electrode 110 and the light emitting layer 108, the influence of the electron transport layer 109 is reduced, so that electron injection into the light emitting layer 108 is performed. The speed does not slow down.
- the material of the common electrode 110 is particularly preferably barium.
- An electron injection barrier with the organic EL light emitting layer is small, and electrons can be injected at a low voltage.
- barium is an industrially stable metal among alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, it can be used as a vapor deposition source as a barium metal alone without forming fluoride when forming the common electrode 110, and an EL display. It is easy to handle the apparatus 1 during manufacture.
- the common electrode 110 may contain a compound other than the metal as long as it has an impurity level, that is, an injection barrier between the light emitting layer and the common electrode can be kept low.
- the oxidation suppression layer 111 is formed of a material that does not contain an oxide as a solid film on the common electrode 110 and has a function of preventing the oxidation of the common electrode 110.
- the material not containing an oxide is, for example, an organic material, and the organic material is preferably the same material as the organic material forming the electron transport layer 109. If the same material is used, after the electron transport layer 109 and the common electrode 110 are formed, the oxidation suppression layer 111 can be formed continuously in the same chamber.
- the thickness of the oxidation suppression layer 111 is preferably 50 nm or more in order to effectively prevent oxidation of the common electrode 110, and is 153 nm or less in order not to interfere with the light emitted from the light emitting layer 108. Preferably there is.
- the sealing film 112 is formed as a solid film on the oxidation suppression layer 111, and the common electrode 110, the light emitting layer 108, and the like are exposed to moisture and gas until the sealing layer 113 is formed in the manufacturing process. It has a function to prevent.
- a material constituting the sealing film 112 for example, an oxide of the same metal as the metal constituting the common electrode 110 can be considered. If the common electrode 110 is a metal oxide obtained by oxidizing the same metal, after forming the common electrode 110 and the oxidation suppression layer 111, a metal layer made of the same metal as the common electrode 110 is continuously formed in the same chamber.
- the sealing film 112 can be formed by forming and oxidizing the metal layer.
- the oxidation of the sealing film 112 can utilize the in-device environment during transfer to the next process.
- the film thickness of the sealing film 112 is preferably 5 nm or more in order to obtain a sufficient sealing function, and is preferably 10 nm or less so as not to interfere with the light emitted from the light emitting layer 108. .
- the sealing layer 113 is formed on the sealing film 112 and has a function of preventing the light emitting layer 108 and the like from being exposed to moisture and gas.
- the material of the sealing layer 113 is preferably a light transmissive material in the case of a top emission type display panel, and examples thereof include SiN (silicon nitride) and SiON (silicon oxynitride).
- the resin layer 114 is made of a dense resin material (eg, silicone resin, acrylic resin, etc.), and is formed between the sealing layer 113 and the glass plate 115 so that the light emitting layer 108 and the like are exposed to moisture, gas, and the like. It has the function to prevent.
- a dense resin material eg, silicone resin, acrylic resin, etc.
- FIG. 3 is a process diagram for describing a manufacturing process of an EL display device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- step S1 As shown in FIG. 3, in the display panel formation process, first, for example, a TFT substrate 101 is prepared, and the surface thereof is subjected to passivation processing (step S1).
- a resin film is formed on the TFT substrate 101 by spin coating, and patterned by PR / PE (photoresist / photoetching) to form the planarization film 102 (step S2).
- an ACL layer is formed on the planarizing film 102 by sputtering and patterned by PR / PE to form a matrix-like metal layer, and an IZO layer is formed by vacuum evaporation, and PR
- the metal oxide layer is laminated by patterning with / PE, and the pixel electrode 103 and the auxiliary wiring 104 having a two-layer structure of the metal layer and the metal oxide layer are formed (step S3).
- a continuous film on the pixel electrode 103 and the auxiliary wiring 104 is formed by sputtering to form the oxide layer 105 (step S4).
- a bank 106 having a cross-shaped planar shape is formed on the oxide layer 105, and then an ink containing a material for a hole transport layer is filled in a region defined by the bank 106 by an inkjet method.
- the hole transport layer 107 is formed by drying and baking the film formed by printing (step S5).
- the hole transport layer 107 in the region defined by the bank 106 is filled with ink containing the material of the organic light emitting layer by an inkjet method, and the printed film is dried and baked.
- the light emitting layer 108 is formed (step S6).
- the method of filling the ink is not limited to the ink jet method, and may be a dispenser method, a nozzle coating method, a spin coating method, intaglio printing, letterpress printing, or the like.
- an organic material containing 10 wt% of barium was formed on the oxide layer 105 above the auxiliary wiring 104 and on the light emitting layer 108 above the pixel electrode 103 so as to be continuous.
- a film is formed by vacuum deposition to form the electron transport layer 109 (step S7).
- a solid film of barium metal is deposited on the electron transport layer 109 by vacuum deposition to form the common electrode 110 (step S8).
- a solid film made of the same organic material as the organic material constituting the electron transport layer 109 is formed on the common electrode 110 by vacuum deposition to form the oxidation suppression layer 111 (step S9).
- a solid film of barium metal is formed on the oxidation suppression layer 111 by vacuum deposition, and the metal barium film is naturally oxidized to form a sealing film 112 made of barium oxide (step). S10).
- the sealing layer 113 is formed on the common electrode 110 by CVD (step S11).
- step 12 After applying a resin sealing material, the resin sealing material is cured by irradiating UV (step 12), and a plate glass is placed thereon and sealed (step S13).
- the electron deficient state causes local charge bias in the organic light emitting layer, thereby causing local polarization in the organic light emitting layer, and due to the local strong electric field generated by the polarization, Excitons once generated by the combination of holes and electrons are decomposed into holes and electrons without contributing to light emission. If it does so, internal quantum efficiency will fall, ie, luminous efficiency will fall. Furthermore, since the amount of current must be increased to compensate for this, this also increases the temperature of the organic light emitting layer, promotes material deterioration of the organic light emitting layer, and shortens the life of the EL display device.
- each EL display device was above the light emitting layer and has a different stacked structure (electron injection structure) up to the common electrode, but the other structures are the same.
- the light emitting layer a light emitting layer emitting green light was formed, and when an electron transport layer was formed, an electron transport layer made of an organic material containing 5 wt% of barium was formed.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the electron injection structure and the current density. As shown in FIG. 4, in the structure A in which the common electrode made of barium was formed on the light emitting layer, the current density was high. The electron injection barrier between the light-emitting layer and barium is small, and it is presumed that the electron injection amount increases when the structure A is used.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a band structure between the common electrode and the light emitting layer.
- the injection barrier between the common electrode and the light emitting layer is low, so that the electron transport layer is interposed between the light emitting layer and the common electrode made of barium. Electron injection is possible even if no intervenes. Further, since the electron transport layer is not interposed between the light emitting layer and the common electrode, there is no electron transport layer that is a rate-limiting step of electron transfer, and the amount of electron injection is large.
- the oxide layer and the common electrode 110 are in contact with each other above the auxiliary wiring, and the oxidation of the common electrode causes the auxiliary wiring and the common electrode to be in contact with each other. There is a risk that the energization due to the tunnel current between them will be interrupted.
- the structure A is a case where a common electrode made of barium is formed directly on the light emitting layer.
- the electron transport layer (between the light emitting layer and the common electrode) Even when ETL) is present, if the common electrode is formed of barium, it is presumed that the current density is still high and the electron injection amount is increased.
- electron injection from a material having a deep electron level such as ITO or Al through the electron transport layer is all low and can supply only the same amount of electrons. It is the same even if there is barium immediately above the light emitting layer as in the structure A in which the electron injection property is good.
- ITO, Al, and barium have a level barrier of 2 eV or more, and they pass through this CT complex in the electron transport layer to inject electrons into the light-emitting layer. Is estimated to decline. Therefore, it is presumed that even when an electron transport layer is used, if a cathode material having a low electron level barrier to the light emitting layer is used, electrons can be injected without passing through the CT complex, and a large amount of electron injection can be secured.
- Such a phenomenon occurs not only when the common electrode is formed of barium, but also when the common electrode is formed of one or more metals selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals. This is because when the common electrode is formed of one or more metals selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, the injection barrier between the common electrode and the light emitting layer is low.
- the electron transport layer When the electron transport layer is interposed between the common electrode and the light emitting layer as shown in FIG. 5B, the electron transport layer also exists above the auxiliary wiring, so that the common electrode becomes an oxide layer. Do not touch. Therefore, the common electrode is not oxidized and the energization due to the tunnel current between the auxiliary wiring and the common electrode is not interrupted.
- the structure B in which the electron transport layer (ETL) is formed on the light emitting layer and the common electrode made of Al is formed thereon has a lower current density than the structure A. Further, even in the structure C in which the electron transport layer is formed on the light emitting layer and the common electrode made of ITO is formed thereon, the current density is lower than that in the structure A.
- these structures B and C are conventional structures, it is understood that the electron injection speed is slow in these conventional structures.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between current density and life characteristics.
- the current density on the X axis is a correlation between the current density and the light emission efficiency, and is the initial current density per unit area when the light emission efficiency is maximized, and the luminance half life on the Y axis is the EL display device. It is a relative value of the time taken for the luminance of the to be halved.
- the EL display device was driven with time while applying the same current load, and current density and luminance were measured.
- an EL display device having the same structure (embodiment structure) as the EL display device 1 according to the above-described embodiment has a current density of 1.5 mA / cm 2 or more and 2.5 mA / cm 2.
- the carrier balance can be optimized and good life characteristics can be obtained.
- the EL display device was driven at an operating point where the current density was 2 mA / cm 2 the longest life was obtained.
- the carrier balance was optimized by adjusting the film thickness of the light emitting layer.
- the carrier balance can be optimized by setting the thickness in the range of 60 nm or more and 100 nm or less.
- the current density in this case 1.5 mA / cm 2 or more can be 2.5 mA / cm 2 or less.
- the thickness of the light emitting layer is 90 nm, a current density of 2 mA / cm 2 that provides the longest life can be realized.
- the current density and carrier balance can be adjusted no matter how much the electron transport layer (ETL) film thickness or the light emitting layer film thickness is adjusted.
- ETL electron transport layer
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the influence of the barium concentration in the electron transport layer on the insulation between the auxiliary wiring and the common electrode.
- the broken line shows the case where the electron transport layer was not formed between the common electrode made of barium and the light emitting layer. In this case, almost no current flowed even when a voltage was applied. Since the electron transport layer is not formed, the oxide layer and the common electrode are in contact with each other above the auxiliary wiring, and the contacted portion is oxidized to form an insulating barium oxide film. This is considered to be because the power supply between the wiring and the common electrode was cut off.
- the solid line shows the case where an electron transport layer containing 10 wt% barium is formed between the common electrode made of barium and the light emitting layer.
- the conductivity between the auxiliary wiring and the common electrode is high. It was. This is presumably because the conduction of the auxiliary wiring and the common electrode was not interrupted because the oxidation of the common electrode was suppressed by the electron transport layer.
- an alternate long and two short dashes line is a case where an electron transport layer containing 18 wt% barium is formed between the common electrode made of barium and the light emitting layer.
- an electron transport layer containing 10 wt% barium is used.
- the conductivity was poor. The cause is considered to be free barium in the electron transport layer.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between barium concentration and impedance. As shown in FIG. 8, when the barium concentration becomes high, the impedance is disturbed. Therefore, when the barium concentration is low, it exists in the electron transport layer in a stable state for the formation of CT complex, but the concentration is high. It was confirmed that free barium was generated in the electron transport layer. When free barium is generated, a part of it moves to the interface between the electron transport layer and the oxide layer, where it is oxidized by the oxide layer, and a barium oxide film is formed at the interface, thereby deteriorating the conductivity. it is conceivable that. That is, it is considered that free barium is generated in the electron transport layer containing 18 wt% barium. Thus, it was found that the barium concentration is not simply high, but has a suitable range.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between barium concentration and voltage. As shown in FIG. 9, since the voltage was the lowest when the barium concentration was 10 wt%, it is considered that the conductivity between the auxiliary wiring and the common electrode is the best when the barium concentration is 10 wt%. In addition, since the voltage value was good when the barium concentration was 5 wt% or more and 15 wt% or less, the conductivity between the auxiliary wiring and the common electrode was good when the barium concentration was 5 wt% or more and 15 wt% or less. It is thought that it becomes.
- the configuration according to the present invention may be applied to all the R, G, and B pixels, or any one of R, G, and B colors. You may apply only to a pixel. Further, the present invention may be applied only to two color pixels in R, G, and B. In particular, in the G pixel, since the problem that the EL display device is shortened due to the slow electron injection speed is serious, the configuration according to the present invention is effective.
- the pixel electrode is an anode
- the common electrode is a cathode
- the charge transport layer is an electron transport layer.
- the charge transport layer is a hole. It may be a transport layer.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a display panel according to a modification.
- the oxidation suppression layer and the sealing film are not formed on the common electrode 110, and the sealing layer 113 ⁇ / b> A is directly formed on the common electrode 110.
- the display panel 10A having such a configuration can achieve the effects according to the present invention.
- symbol common to the display panel 10 in 10 A of display panels has the structure similar to the display panel 10.
- the EL display device according to one embodiment of the present invention can be widely used, for example, in the general field of passive matrix type or active matrix type EL display devices.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の一態様に係るEL表示装置は、基板上に形成された画素電極と、前記基板上の前記画素電極が形成された領域とは異なる領域に形成された補助配線と、前記画素電極の上方に形成された発光層と、前記補助配線の上方および前記発光層の上方に連続して形成された電荷輸送層と、前記電荷輸送層上であって前記補助配線の上方および前記発光層の上方に連続して形成されるとともに、前記補助配線と電気的に接続された共通電極と、を具備し、前記共通電極は、アルカリ金属およびアルカリ土類金属からなる群から選ばれる1種以上の金属からなる。
図1は、本発明の一態様に係るEL表示装置の全体構成を示す図である。図1に示すように、本発明の一態様に係るEL表示装置1は、表示パネル10と、これに接続された駆動制御部20とを備える有機EL表示装置である。なお、本発明の一態様に係るEL表示装置は、有機EL表示装置に限定されず、無機EL表示装置であっても良いし、それら以外のEL表示装置であっても良い。
本発明の一態様に係るEL表示装置の製造方法は、表示パネルの形成工程に特徴を有するため、以下では表示パネルの製造工程についてのみ説明する。図3は、本発明の一態様に係るEL表示装置の製造工程を説明するための工程図である。
(実験1)電子注入構造が電子注入に与える影響
ITOやAlなど電子準位が深い材料からの電子注入のために電子輸送層を介在させると、この電子輸送層が電子移動の律速段階となって電子の注入量が少なくなるため、EL表示装置が短寿命化することは先に述べた。電子の注入量が少なくなった場合、有機発光層において電子不足が生じる。このような電子不足の状態は、有機発光層内のキャリアバランスを崩し、これによって有機発光素層の内部に外部電界を打ち消す内部電界が発生するため、デバイスを高電圧で駆動させる必要が生じる。そうすると、ジュール熱により有機発光層が高温化して、有機発光層の材料劣化が促進され、EL表示装置が短寿命化するのである。
電子注入速度が遅いと、電子不足のためキャリアバランスが崩れて発光効率が低下し、EL表示装置が短寿命化することは先に述べたが、逆に言えば、発光層におけるキャリアバランスを好適化すれば、EL表示装置の寿命特性を向上させることができる。そこで、好適なキャリアバランスが得られる電流密度の範囲を把握するための実験を行った。
次に、電子輸送層による補助配線と共通電極との通電性確保の効果を確認するために、正孔輸送層、発光層およびバンクが形成されていないショート回路のデバイスを作製し、各デバイスにおける補助配線と共通電極との通電性を確認した。デバイスは、具体的には、TFT基板上に、平坦化膜、画素電極、補助配線、酸化物層、電子輸送層および共通電極を積層させたものであり、共通電極はバリウムで形成している。各デバイスは、補助配線より上であって共通電極までの積層構造(補助配線接続構造)が異なる。
以上、本発明の一態様に係るEL表示装置およびその製造方法を具体的に説明してきたが、上記実施の形態は、本発明の構成および作用・効果を分かり易く説明するために用いた例であって、本発明の内容は、上記の実施の形態に限定されない。
101 基板
103 画素電極(陽極)
104 補助配線
108 発光層
109 電荷輸送層(電子輸送層)
110 共通電極(陰極)
105 酸化物層(正孔輸送層)
111 酸化抑制層
112 封止膜
Claims (11)
- 基板上に形成された画素電極と、
前記基板上の前記画素電極が形成された領域とは異なる領域に形成された補助配線と、
前記画素電極の上方に形成された発光層と、
前記補助配線の上方および前記発光層の上方に連続して形成された電荷輸送層と、
前記電荷輸送層上であって前記補助配線の上方および前記発光層の上方に連続して形成されるとともに、前記補助配線と電気的に接続された共通電極と、
を具備し、
前記共通電極は、アルカリ金属およびアルカリ土類金属からなる群から選ばれる1種以上の金属からなる、
EL表示装置。 - 前記画素電極の上方および前記補助配線の上方に連続して、遷移金属酸化物からなる酸化物層が形成されており、
前記電荷輸送層は、前記酸化物層上に形成され、アルカリ金属およびアルカリ土類金属からなる群から選ばれる1種以上の金属を含んだ有機材料からなる、
請求項1に記載のEL表示装置。 - 前記共通電極は、バリウムからなる、
請求項1または請求項2に記載のEL表示装置。 - 前記電荷輸送層は、5wt%以上、18wt%以下のバリウムを含有している、
請求項3に記載のEL表示装置。 - 前記発光層の厚みは、60nm以上、100nm未満である、
請求項1、ないし請求項4のいずれか1項に記載のEL表示装置。 - 前記発光層の単位面積当たりの電流密度が、1.5mA/cm2以上、2.5mA/cm2以下である、
請求項1、ないし請求項5のいずれか1項に記載のEL表示装置。 - 前記共通電極上には、前記電荷輸送層を構成する有機材料と同じ有機材料からなる酸化抑制層が形成されている、
請求項1、ないし請求項6のいずれか1項に記載のEL表示装置。 - 前記酸化抑制層上には、前記共通電極を構成する金属と同じ金属の酸化物からなる封止膜が形成されている、
請求項7に記載のEL表示装置。 - 前記画素電極は陽極であり、前記共通電極は陰極であり、前記電荷輸送層は電子輸送層である、
請求項1、ないし請求項8のいずれか1項に記載のEL表示装置。 - 前記酸化物層は、タングステン酸化物またはモリブデン酸化物からなる正孔注入層である、
請求項9に記載のEL表示装置。 - 基板上に画素電極を形成する工程と、
前記基板上の前記画素電極が形成された領域とは異なる領域に補助配線を形成する工程と、
前記画素電極の上方に発光層を形成する工程と、
前記補助配線の上方および前記発光層の上方に連続して電荷輸送層を形成する工程と、
アルカリ金属およびアルカリ土類金属からなる群から選ばれる1種以上の金属からなり、前記電荷輸送層上であって前記補助配線の上方および前記発光層の上方に連続して形成されるとともに、前記補助配線と電気的に接続された共通電極を形成する工程と、
を含む、
EL表示装置の製造方法。
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