Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
  • B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
  • B05B13/0221—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work characterised by the means for moving or conveying the objects or other work, e.g. conveyor belts
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
  • A61F2/82—Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
  • A61L31/08—Materials for coatings
  • A61L31/10—Macromolecular materials
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
  • A61L31/14—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
  • A61L31/14—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
  • A61L31/16—Biologically active materials, e.g. therapeutic substances
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
  • B05B13/06—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00 specially designed for treating the inside of hollow bodies
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
  • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
  • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
  • B05B7/0807—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets
  • B05B7/0815—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets with at least one gas jet intersecting a jet constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid for controlling the shape of the latter
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
  • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
  • B05D7/22—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to internal surfaces, e.g. of tubes
  • B05D7/222—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to internal surfaces, e.g. of tubes of pipes
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
  • A61F2250/0058—Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
  • A61F2250/0067—Means for introducing or releasing pharmaceutical products into the body
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
  • A61L2300/20—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices containing or releasing organic materials
  • A61L2300/21—Acids
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
  • A61L2300/20—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices containing or releasing organic materials
  • A61L2300/216—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices containing or releasing organic materials with other specific functional groups, e.g. aldehydes, ketones, phenols, quaternary phosphonium groups
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
  • A61L2300/40—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices characterised by a specific therapeutic activity or mode of action
  • A61L2300/412—Tissue-regenerating or healing or proliferative agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
  • A61L2300/40—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices characterised by a specific therapeutic activity or mode of action
  • A61L2300/432—Inhibitors, antagonists
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
  • A61L2300/60—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices characterised by a special physical form
  • A61L2300/606—Coatings
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L2420/00—Materials or methods for coatings medical devices
  • A61L2420/02—Methods for coating medical devices
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L2420/00—Materials or methods for coatings medical devices
  • A61L2420/04—Coatings containing a composite material such as inorganic/organic, i.e. material comprising different phases
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D2254/00—Tubes
  • B05D2254/02—Applying the material on the exterior of the tube

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for coating a stent, a coating method, which is carried out by means of the device and a stent produced by the method.
• Implants have found application in modern medical technology in a variety of embodiments. They serve for example for the support of vessels, hollow organs and duct systems (endovascular implants, for example stents), for the attachment and temporary fixation of tissue implants and tissue transplants, but also for orthopedic purposes, for example as nail, plate or screw.
• stents have the purpose to take on a supportive function in hollow organs of a patient.
• stents of conventional design have a filigree support structure made of metallic struts, which is initially present in a compressed form for introduction into the body and is widened at the site of the application.
• vascular constrictions in particular constrictions (stenoses) of the coronary arteries.
• A-neurysmenstents are known, which serve primarily to seal the aneurysm. The support function is given in addition.
• Stents have a circumferential wall of sufficient bearing capacity to keep the restricted vessel open to the desired extent and a tubular body through which the blood flow continues unhindered.
• the peripheral wall is usually from a formed lattice-like support structure, which allows to introduce the stent in a compressed state with a small outer diameter to be treated bottleneck of the respective vessel and there, for example, with the help of a balloon catheter expand so far that the vessel has the desired, enlarged inner diameter.
• shape memory materials such as nitinol have the ability to self-expand when a restoring force that keeps the implant to a small diameter is eliminated. The restoring force is usually exerted on the material until the implant is released through a protective tube.
• the implant in particular the stent, has a base body made of an implant material.
• An implant material is a non-living material that is used in medical applications and interacts with biological systems.
• Biocompatibility is the ability of a material to produce an appropriate tissue reaction in a specific application. This involves an adaptation of the chemical, physical, biological and morphological surface properties of an implant to the recipient tissue with the aim of a clinically desired interaction.
• the biocompatibility of the implant material is also dependent on the timing of the reaction of the biosystem is implanted in the. Thus, irritations and inflammations occur relatively quickly, which can lead to tissue changes. Biological systems therefore react differently depending on the properties of the implant material.
• the implant materials can be subdivided into bioactive, bioinert and degradable, for example resorbable materials.
• Implant materials include polymers, metallic materials, and ceramic materials (for example, as a coating).
• Biocompatible metals and metal alloys for permanent implants include, for example, stainless steels (for example, 316L), cobalt-base alloys (for example, CoCrMo cast alloys, CoCrMo forging alloys, CoCrWNi forged alloys, and CoCrNiMo forged alloys), pure titanium and titanium alloys (for example cp titanium, TiA16V4 or Ti-A16Nb7) and gold alloys.
• the use of magnesium or pure iron as well as biocorrodible base alloys of the elements magnesium, iron, zinc, molybdenum and tungsten is proposed.
• Stents with a local drug delivery (LDD) system have been known for a long time and are widely used in practice.
• the medication is intended to prevent restenosis and in some cases additionally support the healing process.
• the process of healing can be additionally promoted by a corresponding luminally coated second drug.
• the combination of a luminal and an abluminal coating also has the advantage that a form-fitting coating can be achieved, which significantly increases the mechanical stability of the coating.
• a local differentiation of the drug release takes place with the aid of active substance depots, which are arranged on the surface of the stent.
• Stent variants are also known in which only a purely abluminal coating of polymer and active substance is applied.
• systems have been described in which abluminal and luminal different drugs are released from polymer coatings.
• WO 2010/120552 A1 describes stents which have a luminal and abluminally diverging coating thickness. Stents are also coated for other reasons, for example in order to influence the corrosion behavior of biocorrodible implant materials.
• stents with active ingredients and other materials for example as carrier matrix or anti-corrosive polymers
• active ingredients and other materials for example as carrier matrix or anti-corrosive polymers
• processes are industrially established. These include spray atomization based on carrier gases, Ultrasonic atomization, rotary atomization, rolling rolls and inkjet based processes.
• US 2008/0226812 A1 describes a coating apparatus which can coat both luminally (inside of the stent) and abluminally (outside of the stent). This is done using the technology of an inkjet printer, where the stent is rotated during coating. The method can also be applied coatings consisting of several layers.
• US 2007/0288088 A1 describes the coating of a stent by means of a spray coating in which the stent rotates and the nozzle is at a distance of 6.5 mm from the stent.
• US 2011/0073036 A1 describes a device for luminal coating of a stent.
• the device comprises a sleeve which receives the stent during the coating, wherein the stent fits snugly against the inside of the sleeve.
• a spray coating is applied to the luminal side of the stent via a movably mounted spray mandrel which enters the stent-fed sleeve.
• the coating methods and apparatus of the prior art have the disadvantage that a differentiated application of the coating on the luminal and ablumalen side of the stent is not possible or difficult.
• separately applied luminal or abluminal coatings often have low stability, which is why they can uncontrollably detach from the implant.
• a first aspect of the invention is to provide a device for coating a stent which comprises a holder for the stent, a spray device with a spray mandrel and an air nozzle.
• the spray mandrel, the air nozzle and the holder are designed and arranged relative to one another such that the spray mandrel projects into the stent from one side during the coating and projects the air nozzle from the opposite side into the stent.
• Another aspect of the invention is the provision of a method for coating a stent comprising the steps:
• the invention is based on the finding that a luminal and / or abluminal coating can be achieved in a very simple and reliable manner by means of a spraying method in which a countercurrent is generated by means of an air nozzle.
• the device has a spraying device with a spray mandrel whose outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the stent.
• an air nozzle is present whose outer diameter is also smaller than the inner diameter of the stent.
• the stent is received by a support during the coating process so that the lateral openings of the stent are accessible and the side walls are not screened.
• the spray mandrel is now moved from one side and the air nozzle from the opposite side into the stent.
• a spray jet is then produced by means of the spray mandrel and an air stream is directed onto this spray jet via the air nozzle.
• the spray jet is deflected radially outwards and thus coats the luminal surface of the stent in this area.
• the device is designed such that during the coating, the position of the stent to the spray nozzle and the air nozzle is variable.
• the holder is designed such that the stent is movable during the coating in the direction of the spray mandrel or in the direction of the air nozzle.
• the stent is moved along an axis formed by spray nozzle and air nozzle by means of the holder during the coating process.
• the adjustment of position and flow velocity in the countercurrent area is particularly easy to determine experimentally in this area and simplifies the implementation of the method in the industrial manufacturing process.
• the spraying device has a spray nozzle which is directed onto an abluminal side of the stent.
• a device for coating the stent is provided in step a), in which the spraying device has such a spray nozzle which is directed onto an abluminal side of the stent.
• the abluminal coating may be carried out simultaneously with the luminal coating described above (ii), before (i) or (iii) thereafter.
• a spray jet of the spray nozzle is directed onto the countercurrent region during the execution of steps b) and c).
• the abluminal coating can also take place before or after the luminal coating, with a spray being directed onto the outside of the stent.
• the amount of unintentionally reaching the luminal surface coating material can be optionally reduced by an air flow from the air nozzle or a countercurrent region, which is produced by means of air nozzle and without active ingredient spray nozzle, reduced.
• the spray device of the device according to the invention according to this variant therefore, an additional spray nozzle, which is directed to the outside of the stent.
• the flow directed radially outward in the countercurrent region can largely prevent coating material for the abluminal coating from penetrating into the interior of the stent.
• an overpressure is generated in the interior of the stent by means of the spray nozzle or the air nozzle, which prevents penetration of the the spray nozzle to prevent generated spray or discharging material penetrating sideways.
• the spray jet generated by the spray mandrel need not contain any carrier material or active ingredient unless slight mixing for the abluminal coating is desired.
• the composition of the coatings on the luminal and abluminal side of the stents are usually different, that is they consist of different carrier materials and / or different active ingredients.
• growth-inhibiting active ingredients are preferably deposited on the abluminal top of the stent, while on the luminal surface healing-promoting substances are applied.
• luminal and abluminal are coated with different active ingredients.
• luminal atorvastatin and abluminal sirolimus are applied.
• the active ingredients can be embedded in particular in a carrier matrix.
• the carrier matrix may be biocorrodible and is preferably PLLA.
• Another aspect of the invention relates to a stent made by the method described above.
• Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of the device according to the invention for the luminal coating of the stent
• Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the inventive apparatus for abluminal coating of the stent
• FIG. 3 Schematic representation of a transversely cut implant cross-section with luminal and abluminaler layer thickness after sequential combination of a separate inner and outer coating 4 layer thickness evaluation for the outer coating of implant cross-sections in four transversal sectional planes for the examination of the longitudinal layer thickness constancy
• FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the principle of the luminal coating of a stent 10 with the aid of the device according to the invention.
• the device comprises for this purpose a holder 12, which serves as a receptacle for the stent 10 during the coating process.
• the holder 12 is designed by means not shown here actuators for translational movement.
• the apparatus further comprises a spraying device 20 with a spraying mandrel 22.
• a spray jet 24 is produced from the coating material and a suitable carrier.
• the spray jet 24 is guided via the spray mandrel 22 into the interior of the stent 10.
• the spray jet 24 and the air flow 32 meet in a countercurrent region 40 and accordingly the spray jet 24 - now mixed with the air stream 32 - deflected radially outward and there meets the luminal surface of the stent to be coated 10. Partly this occurs radially outward directed mixed flow 42 through the openings of the filigree support structure of the stent 10th
• the holder 12 In order to change the location of the luminal coating, the holder 12 is moved along the axis formed by the spray mandrel 22 and air nozzle 30. Accordingly, the relative position of the counterflow region 40 to the stent 10 changes.
• the composition of the luminal coating in a specific luminal portion of the stent 10 can be adjusted by changing the composition of the spray jet 24.
• the layer thickness can be influenced at any circumferential section of the luminal surface of the stent 10 by the duration of the coating and the coating composition.
• FIG. 2 serves to illustrate a variant of the coating device in which the spray device has an additional spray nozzle 52, which serves for the outer coating of the stent 10.
• a spray jet 54 is directed onto the stent 10 via the spray nozzle 52 during luminal coating.
• an overpressure can be generated by means of the spray mandrel 22 and the air nozzle 30, not shown here, which causes a radially outward flow of air through the filigree structures of the stent 10. This airflow is adjusted to prevent ingress of the spray jet 54, but still allows for coating the abdominal surface of the stent 10.
• the undesirable deposition of the abluminal layer material on the luminal surface can be reduced by an air flow generated by means of an air nozzle or spray nozzle.
• a stent is first provided on the luminal side with a coating of atorvastatin in PLLA by means of the previously described device and subsequently with a coating of sirolimus in PLLA on its abluminal side.
• the coating thickness on the inside of the stent should be approximately two to three times the coating thickness of the outside.
• Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a transversely cut implant cross-section with luminal and abluminaler layer thickness after performing the sequential combination of a separate inner and outer coating.
• the cross section through a stent strut (1) The surface of the strut is surrounded by an inner layer (4, 6), wherein the luminal layer thickness (4) is significantly greater than the abluminal (6). Nevertheless, the abluminal Layer thickness (6) greater than zero, so that for the inner layer (4, 6) results in both a significant accumulation on the luminal surface, as well as a mechanical stability of the inner layer increasing positive engagement.
• the outer layer (5, 7) also shows a positive connection, in which case the abluminal layer thickness (7) is slightly lower than the luminal (5).
• FIG. 4 shows a layer thickness evaluation for an outer coating
• FIG. 5 shows a layer thickness evaluation for an inner coating of implant cross sections in four transverse sectional planes for investigating the longitudinal layer thickness constancy and the luminal / abluminal coating selectivity.
• the layer thickness of the layer material deposited on the abluminal implant surface is shown in light gray in FIG. 4; the layer thickness of the layer material deposited on the luminal implant surface is shown in dark gray.
• the layer thickness of the layer material deposited on the luminal implant surface is shown in light gray in FIG. 5; the layer thickness of the layer material deposited on the abluminal implant surface is shown in dark gray.

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Vascular Medicine (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Surgery (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
• Transplantation (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Cardiology (AREA)
• Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
• Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
• Prostheses (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
• Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
• Nozzles (AREA)
• Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)

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Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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Families Citing this family (2)

Citations (5)

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• 2013
  • 2013-01-19 JP JP2014552539A patent/JP6162722B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2013-01-19 CA CA2858275A patent/CA2858275A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2013-01-19 CN CN201380005593.4A patent/CN104053509B/zh active Active
  • 2013-01-19 AU AU2013212250A patent/AU2013212250B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2013-01-19 US US14/370,928 patent/US10016775B2/en active Active
  • 2013-01-19 SG SG11201402789TA patent/SG11201402789TA/en unknown
  • 2013-01-19 EP EP12810145.8A patent/EP2806981B1/de active Active
  • 2013-01-19 WO PCT/EP2012/074818 patent/WO2013110393A1/de not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (5)

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