WO2013105073A1 - A layered building block integrated with thermal insulation and a method of its production - Google Patents
A layered building block integrated with thermal insulation and a method of its production Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013105073A1 WO2013105073A1 PCT/IB2013/050329 IB2013050329W WO2013105073A1 WO 2013105073 A1 WO2013105073 A1 WO 2013105073A1 IB 2013050329 W IB2013050329 W IB 2013050329W WO 2013105073 A1 WO2013105073 A1 WO 2013105073A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- block
- layer
- heat
- elevation
- layered building
- Prior art date
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-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
- E04C1/41—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts composed of insulating material and load-bearing concrete, stone or stone-like material
Definitions
- the present invention refers to the layered building block integrated with a thermal insulation, intended particularly to build the walls of buildings, and to the method of its production.
- the utility model description PL 59003 discloses an insulating, layered building block, wherein the layers are connected by means of connectors in the form of separate rod inserts of a length greater than a thickness of the insulating layer, but smaller than the thickness of the block.
- one layer is the structural block, the thickness of which is conditioned by a compression strength of the material, which it is made of, and typically is equal from 14 to 30 cm.
- the other layer is formed by the elevation block, which serves as a base to possible finish of the surface of the walls being built by using these blocks.
- the elevation block is usually thinner, and its thickness is often technologically conditioned and typically is equal from 2 to 20 cm.
- This block, performing aesthetic function, should be as thin as possible, not to load excessively the insulating layer provided between the elevation block and the structural block.
- strength considerations i.e. the compression strength of the building materials used to production of the structural and elevation blocks, and particularly a buckling strength (an action of bending forces) limit a possibility of the sufficiently high walls building.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The subject of the present invention is the layered building block integrated with the thermal insulation, wherein one layer is structural block (1) made of building material, second layer is the layer of the material with the heat-insulating properties (2), and the third layer is the elevation block (3) made of building material, characterised in that the structural block (1) and the elevation block (3) are permanently connected with each other through the layer of the material with the heat-insulating properties (2), which during an expansion and polymerisation process produces the layer permanently binding both blocks, and also through the layer of the laminate formed from layers of the material with the heat-insulating properties (2) and the strip of the material with a high tensile strength (4) placed on one of the sides of the layered building block, contacting with and binding structural block (1), the layer of the material with the heat- insulating properties (2) and the elevation block (3). The present invention also refers to the method of production of the layered building block.
Description
A layered building block integrated with thermal insulation and a method of its
production
The present invention refers to the layered building block integrated with a thermal insulation, intended particularly to build the walls of buildings, and to the method of its production.
There are known layered building blocks for various applications, which are used to build external or internal walls (partition walls) of the buildings and structures. For example, polish patent PL 197588 describes a block made of cellular concrete consisting of two layers of the concrete, between which a perforated insert is provided, external surfaces of which are connected by an adhesive-bonded joint with the layers of the concrete. Other examples are concrete, aerated concrete or ceramic layered blocks integrated with the thermal insulation. The thermal insulation is usually formed by the layer of the plastic foamed during an expansion and polymerisation process of substances, such as polyurethane, polyisocyanurate, phenolic resins and the like, wherein the insulation layer is attached to the structural layers by means of gluing. There are also known other methods of integration of the insulating elements in the blocks, as in the building block being the subject of the polish utility model application UZY 109616. In other solutions the external layers are connected with each other through the lateral walls or lateral connectors passing through the holes formed in the insulating layer. The utility model description PL 59003 discloses an insulating, layered building block, wherein the layers are connected by means of connectors in the form of separate rod inserts of a length greater than a thickness of the insulating layer, but smaller than the thickness of the block.
In the known building blocks, one layer is the structural block, the thickness of which is conditioned by a compression strength of the material, which it is made of, and typically is equal from 14 to 30 cm. The other layer is formed by the elevation block, which serves as a base to possible finish of the surface of the walls being built by using these blocks. The elevation block is usually thinner, and its thickness is often technologically conditioned and typically is equal from 2 to 20 cm. This block, performing aesthetic function, should be as thin as possible, not to load excessively the insulating layer provided between the elevation block and the structural block. However, strength considerations, i.e. the compression strength of the building materials used to production of the structural and elevation blocks, and particularly a buckling strength (an action of bending forces) limit a possibility of the sufficiently high walls building. In such case there are systems of so called walls lacing, namely the systems of the structural elements (blocks) binding with of the elevation blocks by means of metal elements in the form of strips of the metal plate or wire placed on the both block surfaces, which are subsequently covered with a mortar, which the next layer of the blocks is placed on. The mortar while hardening fastens the metal elements. Additionally, the blocks pressing down the metal elements, bind them
permanently. Thus, the slotted wall is formed, wherein the layer of the structural and elevation blocks is bound both through heat-insulating material filling the slot between the layers of the blocks, and through the system of the metal elements.
The systems of the wall lacing have particular significance in the case of the walls under long- lasting fire action hazard, because thanks to the presence of the lateral reinforcing elements, such as used metal elements, degradation of the heat-insulating material does not cause a loss of a cohesiveness of the wall, and prevents buckling and collapse of the wall.
One disadvantage of that system are thermal bridges formed by the metal elements binding both layers of the wall, a high cost of such elements, a labour consumption during construction of the walls, connected with a necessity of bedding a large number of the metal elements, and also a lack of sufficient control of said elements bedding.
Therefore, the subject of the present invention is to develop the layered building block integrated with the thermal insulation and the method of its production, wherein structural block is permanently connected with the elevation block through the layer of the insulating material, wherein this connection is obtained in a simple way.
Another subject of the present invention is to develop the layered building block integrated with the thermal insulation and the method of its production, which already at the stage of manufacture is Jaced" by means of materials other than metal, providing greater strength of the walls built of such blocks, particularly compression and buckling strength, especially in the event of fire.
Thus, the subject of the present invention is the layered building block integrated with the thermal insulation, wherein one layer is a structural block made of building material, second layer is the layer of the material with the heat-insulating properties, and the third layer is the elevation block made of building material, characterised in that the structural block and the elevation block are permanently connected with each other through the layer of the material with the heat-insulating properties, which during an expansion and polymerisation process produces the layer, which permanently binds both blocks without any adhesive, and also through the layer of the laminate formed from layers of the material with the heat-insulating properties and the strip of the material with a high tensile strength, placed on one of the sides of the layered building block, contacting with and binding structural block, the layer of the material with the heat-insulating properties and the elevation block.
Preferably, the building material is selected from the group comprising a brick, gypsum, a concrete, an aerated concrete, a silicate, a foamed concrete and a porous concrete.
Preferably, the material with the heat-insulating properties is heat-insulating foam.
Preferably, the material with the high tensile strength is a mesh, a mat or a cloth made of a glass fibre or an unwoven fabric or a mineral wool.
Preferably, the strip of the material with the high tensile strength has a width greater than the width of the slot between the structural block and the elevation block filled with the heat- insulating material.
The present invention also refers to a method of production of the layered building block integrated with the thermal insulation, characterised in that it comprises the steps, wherein:
- at a bottom of a mould a strip of the material with the high tensile strength is placed;
- at the strip the structural block and the elevation block are arranged at a predetermined interval from each other forming a slot;
- to thus formed slot a reaction mixture of the heat-insulating material is fed from a dispenser and an expansion and polymerisation process is carried out to form a laminate permanently binding the structural block and the elevation block, and the laminate binding the structural block, the layer of the material with the heat-insulating properties and the elevation block hardening a lower surface of the insulating layer filling the slot between the blocks.
Preferably, in said method the structural block and the elevation block are used, which are made of building material selected from the group comprising a brick, a gypsum, a concrete, an aerated concrete, a silicate, a foamed concrete and a porous concrete.
Preferably, as the material with the high tensile strength a mesh, a mat or a cloth made of a glass fibre or an unwoven fabric or a mineral wool is used.
Preferably, the strip of the material with the high tensile strength is used, which has the width greater than the width of the slot between the structural block and the elevation block filled with the heat-insulating material.
The subjects of the present invention are presented in embodiments in the drawings, wherein: fig. 1 illustrates the layered building block integrated with the heat-insulating layer according to the present invention in a perspective view; and
fig. 2 illustrates schematically the method of production of said block.
As shown in the fig. 1 , the layered building block integrated with the heat-insulating layer consists of the structural block 1 , the layer of the heat-insulating material 2, the elevation block 3 and the strip of the material with the high tensile strength 4. The structural block 1 is connected with the elevation block 3 through the layer of the heat-insulating material 2 (the foamed plastic), which during the expansion and polymerisation process produces the laminate that permanently binds both blocks, and also through the layer of the laminate formed from layer of the material with the heat-insulating properties 2 and the strip of the material with the high tensile strength 4 placed on one of the sides of the layered building block, contacting with and binding the structural block 1 , the layer of the material with the heat-insulating properties 2 and the elevation block 3. In this case the material 4 is the mat made of glass fibre with a very good tensile strength and resistance to the high temperatures, up to the temperature of 800°C.
Examples Example 1 The layered building block, as shown in the fig. 1 , was obtained by placing the mat made of glass fibre 4 of a width slightly less than the width of the mould 5, at a bottom of that mould. Subsequently, on the mat 4 the structural block 1 and the elevation block 3 were positioned at some distance from each other and pushed to the opposite sides of the mould 5. Thus, between both blocks 1 and 3 the slot was formed, into which the reaction mixture was subsequently fed from the dispenser 6, in this case isocyanate and polyol to form the polyurethane foam. Once the expansion and polymerisation process was completed one laminate formed from the structural block, the layer of the foamed material (polyurethane) and the elevation block, and the second laminate formed from the soaked with the polyurethane foam mat 4 and the structural block 1 , the elevation block 3 and the layer of the polyurethane foam 2 placed on said mat, were obtained.
Example 2
Testing of the compression strength of the structural blocks
The compression strength of the blocks made of a cellular concrete with the layer of a conglomerate of the polyurethane foam and polystyrene granulate (PSUR) were tested according to PN-EN 772-1 :01/AP1 :02 standards. The blocks were subjected to compression load by use of hydraulic press.
Studies shown that adhesion forces of the polymer layer produces sufficient lacing of the slim walls. This means that the compression strength of the aerated concrete is not reduced as a result of the slim nature of the blocks subjected to the compression. The results of the studies are summarised in a Table 1 .
Table 1 . The results of the compression strength tests of the blocks made of cellular concrete with the PSUR layer.
The strength of the aerated concrete, irrespective of the thickness of the blocks connected with the layer of the PSUR material was at the average 2.56 megapascals (MPa) for the blocks with less thickness and 2.63 MPa for the blocks with greater thickness, wherein this difference is within the limits of the measurement error. The above analysis that does not consider the strength of the PSUR layer is justified by the fact that elasticity of the PSUR heat-insulating layer causes that the stresses resulting from the pressing the walls of the integrated block are transferred only through the blocks made of the aerated concrete. This is evidenced also by the damages of the blocks under the influence of the destructive force, which refer solely to the aerated concrete. Thus, the layer of the heat-insulating material PSUR, binding the blocks made of the aerated concrete, forms effective lacing of the walls thanks to the adhesion forces the of the PSUR layer to the aerated concrete.
In the construction process of the wall from the layered building blocks according to the present invention, fragments of the binding material having now partially the form of the laminate and protruding beyond the contour of the slot, are covered with the masonry mortar and pressed with the next layers of the blocks, whereby once the mortar is hardened, they permanently bind both layers of the cavity wall, similarly as in already known systems using metal elements.
Claims
1 . A layered building block integrated with a thermal insulation, wherein:
- one layer is a structural block (1 ) made of building material,
- the second layer is the layer of the material with the heat-insulating properties (2), and
- the third layer is the elevation block (3) made of building material,
characterised in that the structural block (1 ) and the elevation block (3) are permanently connected with each other through:
- the layer of the material with the heat-insulating properties (2) forming the layer that permanently binds both blocks, and also through
- the layer of the laminate formed from layers of the material with the heat-insulating properties (2) and the strip of the material with a high tensile strength (4) placed on one of the sides of the layered building block, and binding: structural block (1 ), the layer of the material with the heat- insulating properties (2) and the elevation block (3).
2. The layered building block according to the claim 1 , characterised in that the building material is selected from the group comprising a brick, gypsum, a concrete, an aerated concrete, a silicate, a foamed concrete and a porous concrete.
3. The layered building block according to the claim 1 or 2, characterised in that material with the heat-insulating properties is heat-insulating foam.
4. The layered building block according to anyone of the claims 1 -3, characterised in that the material with the high tensile strength is a mesh, a mat or a cloth made of a glass fibre, an unwoven fabric or a mineral wool.
5. The layered building block according to anyone of the claims 1 -4, characterised in that the strip of the material with the high tensile strength (4) has a width greater than the width of the slot between the structural block (1 ) and the elevation block (3) filled with the heat-insulating material.
6. A method of production of the layered building block integrated with the thermal insulation, characterised in that it comprises the steps, wherein:
- at a bottom of a mould (5) a strip of the material with a high tensile strength is placed (4); - at the strip (4) the structural block (1 ) and the elevation block (3) are arranged at a predetermined interval from each other forming a slot;
- to thus formed slot a reaction mixture of the heat-insulating material is fed, and an expansion and polymerisation process is carried out to form a laminate that binds the structural block (1 ) and the elevation block (3) and the laminate binding the structural block (1 ), the layer of the material with the heat-insulating properties (2) and the elevation block (3), hardening a lower surface of the insulating layer filling the slot between the blocks.
7. The method of production of the layered building block according to the claim 6, characterised in that the structural block (1 ) and the elevation block (3), which are made of building material selected from the group comprising a brick, gypsum, a concrete, an aerated concrete, a silicate, a foamed concrete and a porous concrete, are used.
8. The method of production of the layered building block according to the claim 6 or 7, characterised in that as a material with a high tensile strength a mesh, a mat or a cloth made of a glass fibre or a mineral wool, is used.
9. The method of production of the layered building block according to anyone of the claims 6-8, characterised in that the strip of the material with the high tensile strength (4), which has a width greater than the width of the slot between the structural block (1 ) and the elevation block (3) filled with the heat-insulating material, is used.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL397786A PL397786A1 (en) | 2012-01-14 | 2012-01-14 | Layered building block integrated with thermal insulation and a method of its manufacture |
| PLPL397786 | 2012-01-14 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2013105073A1 true WO2013105073A1 (en) | 2013-07-18 |
Family
ID=47749906
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2013/050329 WO2013105073A1 (en) | 2012-01-14 | 2013-01-14 | A layered building block integrated with thermal insulation and a method of its production |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| PL (1) | PL397786A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013105073A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105781004A (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2016-07-20 | 张日龙 | Building hollow brick |
| CN106988473A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-07-28 | 江苏君成建材科技有限公司 | Novel steam air entrained concrete building materials |
| USD892354S1 (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2020-08-04 | Osblock Inc. | Wall panel |
| US10815660B2 (en) | 2016-09-16 | 2020-10-27 | Osblock Inc. | Structural panel assembly for mounting building walls and method for mounting building walls using same |
| USD1018901S1 (en) | 2022-04-13 | 2024-03-19 | Osblock Inc. | Block for construction |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH572141A5 (en) * | 1973-07-31 | 1976-01-30 | Anfra Ets | Composite structural and insulant building wall block - has parallel opposed face load bearing plaques inter-spaced via rigid bonded bars |
| FR2308750A1 (en) * | 1975-04-25 | 1976-11-19 | Anfra Ets | Insulated wall panel section - consists of two parallel equal sized outer sheets sandwiching insulating material and joined by U-shaped metal links |
| PL197588A1 (en) | 1977-04-23 | 1978-11-06 | Zaklady Mechaniczno Precyzyjne | TIE HEAD AND HOW TO OVERLOAD WITH THIS HEAD |
| DE2839899A1 (en) * | 1978-09-13 | 1980-03-27 | Gerhard Basteck | Composite layered masonry building block - has reinforcing wire meshes integrated in stoneware slabs enclosing insulating slab |
| US4745720A (en) * | 1987-03-24 | 1988-05-24 | Taylor Lawrence H | Insulated cinderblock |
| DE4107430A1 (en) * | 1991-03-08 | 1992-09-10 | Karl Heinz Vahlbrauk | Building brick - is of two bonded bodies where part of one is geo-polymer material with joint of the same material |
| PL59003Y1 (en) | 1997-03-05 | 2002-01-31 | Jozef Adamczyk | Method of reinforcing precast building units incorporating thermally insulating or sound absorbing materials |
| DE102006019796A1 (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2007-10-31 | Ziegelwerk Ott Deisendorf Gmbh & Co. Besitz-Kg | Brick-work sandwich unit for installation in brick-work, has foam layer that is arranged between static wall unit and plaster base unit and connects wall unit and base unit together in fixed manner |
-
2012
- 2012-01-14 PL PL397786A patent/PL397786A1/en unknown
-
2013
- 2013-01-14 WO PCT/IB2013/050329 patent/WO2013105073A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH572141A5 (en) * | 1973-07-31 | 1976-01-30 | Anfra Ets | Composite structural and insulant building wall block - has parallel opposed face load bearing plaques inter-spaced via rigid bonded bars |
| FR2308750A1 (en) * | 1975-04-25 | 1976-11-19 | Anfra Ets | Insulated wall panel section - consists of two parallel equal sized outer sheets sandwiching insulating material and joined by U-shaped metal links |
| PL197588A1 (en) | 1977-04-23 | 1978-11-06 | Zaklady Mechaniczno Precyzyjne | TIE HEAD AND HOW TO OVERLOAD WITH THIS HEAD |
| DE2839899A1 (en) * | 1978-09-13 | 1980-03-27 | Gerhard Basteck | Composite layered masonry building block - has reinforcing wire meshes integrated in stoneware slabs enclosing insulating slab |
| US4745720A (en) * | 1987-03-24 | 1988-05-24 | Taylor Lawrence H | Insulated cinderblock |
| DE4107430A1 (en) * | 1991-03-08 | 1992-09-10 | Karl Heinz Vahlbrauk | Building brick - is of two bonded bodies where part of one is geo-polymer material with joint of the same material |
| PL59003Y1 (en) | 1997-03-05 | 2002-01-31 | Jozef Adamczyk | Method of reinforcing precast building units incorporating thermally insulating or sound absorbing materials |
| DE102006019796A1 (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2007-10-31 | Ziegelwerk Ott Deisendorf Gmbh & Co. Besitz-Kg | Brick-work sandwich unit for installation in brick-work, has foam layer that is arranged between static wall unit and plaster base unit and connects wall unit and base unit together in fixed manner |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105781004A (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2016-07-20 | 张日龙 | Building hollow brick |
| US10815660B2 (en) | 2016-09-16 | 2020-10-27 | Osblock Inc. | Structural panel assembly for mounting building walls and method for mounting building walls using same |
| CN106988473A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-07-28 | 江苏君成建材科技有限公司 | Novel steam air entrained concrete building materials |
| USD892354S1 (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2020-08-04 | Osblock Inc. | Wall panel |
| USD1018901S1 (en) | 2022-04-13 | 2024-03-19 | Osblock Inc. | Block for construction |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL397786A1 (en) | 2013-07-22 |
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