WO2013097534A1 - 一种微波等离子生物质气化固定床气化炉及工艺 - Google Patents
一种微波等离子生物质气化固定床气化炉及工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013097534A1 WO2013097534A1 PCT/CN2012/083569 CN2012083569W WO2013097534A1 WO 2013097534 A1 WO2013097534 A1 WO 2013097534A1 CN 2012083569 W CN2012083569 W CN 2012083569W WO 2013097534 A1 WO2013097534 A1 WO 2013097534A1
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- Prior art keywords
- microwave plasma
- gasifier
- plasma generator
- biomass
- gasification
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/06—Continuous processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/06—Continuous processes
- C10J3/18—Continuous processes using electricity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0973—Water
- C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/123—Heating the gasifier by electromagnetic waves, e.g. microwaves
- C10J2300/1238—Heating the gasifier by electromagnetic waves, e.g. microwaves by plasma
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/1246—Heating the gasifier by external or indirect heating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
Definitions
- the invention mainly aims at a gasification process using biomass and solid waste as raw materials, and specifically relates to a gasification furnace which utilizes microwave plasma technology to efficiently utilize biomass fuel and solid waste to obtain high quality synthesis gas. Process.
- China's biomass resources are very rich, such as cotton stalks, straw, branches, rice husks, etc., while conventional high-quality fossil fuels, which are the main source of energy, are rapidly decreasing, and society's demand for energy is increasing. Therefore, the use of low-calorie fuels The attention will be increasing.
- the invention mainly uses microwave and plasma technology to realize high-efficiency and high-quality gasification of biomass fuels, and opens up a way for efficient industrial utilization of synthetic fuels such as biomass fuels and garbage.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency microwave plasma biomass gasification fixed bed gasification furnace and a process for solving a series of problems in the above-mentioned biomass production synthesis gas, and preparing synthesis gas for biomass fuel, especially CO Syngas with H 2 provides an economical and efficient industrial utilization process.
- a microwave plasma biomass gasification fixed bed gasification furnace comprises a vertically arranged furnace body, wherein the upper part of the furnace body is a gasification furnace clearance area, and the lower part of the furnace body is a fixed bed layer, and the raw material and the fuel are provided on the furnace body Import, product gas outlet, oxygen/steam inlet, a slag discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, and a syngas monitoring unit is arranged at the product gas outlet; the feature is: at least one microwave plasma is generated on the furnace body Device.
- a first stage microwave plasma generating device is disposed between the fixed bed layer at the lower portion of the furnace body and the raw material and the fuel inlet, and a second microwave plasma generating device is disposed at the upper clearance portion of the upper portion of the furnace body;
- the segment microwave plasma generator comprises 2 to 3 layers of microwave plasma generator, and the second stage microwave plasma generator comprises 1 to 2 layers of microwave plasma generator; and each layer of microwave plasma generator uniformly arranges 3 to 4 plasma working gas accesses. point.
- the microwave plasma generator of the first stage adopts a plasma generator with high power, small electrode spacing and high plasma temperature; the second stage microwave plasma generator adopts large electrode spacing, strong plasma activity and wide volume range. Plasma generator.
- each of the plasma generator microwave power sources has a frequency of 2.45 GHz and a single power of less than 200 kW.
- the upper clearance area of the furnace body is provided with an upper oxygen/steam nozzle
- the lower bed of the furnace body is provided with a lower oxygen/steam nozzle
- Biomass fuel, garbage and other materials are fed into the gasifier body through the feeding device, and rapidly gasified on the microwave plasma fixed bed bed; the biomass fuel fixed carbon component burns in the oxidation zone on the bed to generate high temperature.
- the plasma oxidant excited by microwave has the characteristics of high ionization and dispersion, strong oxidation activity, and remarkable chemical reaction efficiency under microwave irradiation and plasma, and can be at relatively low ambient temperature.
- the conversion of chemical energy in biomass fuel is higher than that of conventional process, and the synthesis gas quality of CO and H 2 is high and the tar content is low;
- the synthesis gas generated by the gasification reaction is carried up to the clearance area, and further cracked by the second stage microwave plasma generator; mainly to further cleave the tar in the synthesis gas, and partially convert the hydrocarbon substance in the synthesis gas;
- the temperature of the gasification reaction zone in the step 1) ranges from 700 ° C to 1600 ° C; and the synthesis gas outlet temperature in the step 4) is less than 1200 ° C.
- the temperature of the gasification reaction zone in the step 1) is controlled at 750 ° C to 950 ° C.
- step 1) an appropriate amount of steam is injected from the lower oxygen/steam nozzle to increase the water vapor concentration, and the remaining fixed carbon in the fuel is reacted with the steam; the second stage of the microwave plasma generator in the second step The power can meet the heat absorption required for the reaction balance; in the step 2), an appropriate amount of high-temperature steam is injected from the upper oxygen/steam nozzle to further cleave the small amount of tar in the synthesis gas.
- the biomass fuel chemical energy can be efficiently converted in the furnace, and the cold gas efficiency can be significantly higher than the conventional biomass gasification process, reaching more than 85%.
- the microwave plasma generator is arranged in the clearance area to perform non-equilibrium cracking reaction on the tar in the syngas, so that the tar content is extremely small, which can meet the direct utilization level of industrialization, and the subsequent process is simple and reliable, and the economy is good.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high-efficiency microwave plasma biomass gasification fixed bed gasification furnace and a process flow thereof according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a view taken along line A-A of Figure 1.
- feeding device 1 gasifier body 2; microwave plasma generator 3; lower oxygen/steam nozzle 4; upper oxygen/steam nozzle 5; monitoring unit 6; slag port 7; gasifier headspace 8.
- the gasifier body 2 is a vertically set cylinder, the uppermost part is a gasification furnace clearance area 8, and the lowermost part is a microwave plasma fixed bed bed.
- the lowermost end of the fixed bed layer is provided with a vertical downward slag discharge port 7; outside the gasification furnace body 2, an upper layer oxygen/steam nozzle 5 is disposed around the clearance area 8, and a lower layer oxygen/steam nozzle 4 is disposed around the fixed bed layer. Both spouts can be switched on and off and flow regulated.
- the gasifier body 2 may be a cylinder or a combination of a cone and a cylinder.
- the feeding device 1 is located in the middle of the gasifier body 2 and communicates with the gasifier body 2 through the inclined feeding chute 2; the feeding mode can also be a screw feeding mode, which does not require an inclined feeding chute .
- the first stage microwave plasma generating device comprises two to three layers of microwave plasma generators 3 (two layers are arranged in FIG. 1), which are arranged centrally below the feeding device 1, but slightly higher than the fixed bed bed material. Position, and each layer is evenly arranged with 3 to 4 plasma working gas access points, but the equivalent transformation process arranged above the feed is not excluded.
- a second stage microwave plasma generating device is disposed on the periphery of the gasifier clearance area 8 above the feeding device 1, including 1 to 2 layers of microwave plasma generator 3', and 3 to 4 plasma working gas devices are uniformly arranged in each layer. In point (as shown in Figure 2, including 3 access points).
- the first stage microwave plasma generator 3 employs a plasma generator having a large power, a small electrode pitch, and a high plasma temperature.
- the second stage microwave plasma generator 3' uses a plasma generator with large electrode spacing, strong plasma activity and wide volume range.
- the main function is to further crack the tar in the synthesis gas, and also has hydrocarbons such as methane in the synthesis gas.
- a certain conversion effect the tar in the synthesis gas at the outlet of the gasifier can be reduced to the industrial economic utilization level, and the hydrocarbon content is also low, which creates favorable conditions for the subsequent washing and decarburization process.
- each plasma generator microwave power source has a main frequency of 2.45 GHz, and a single power is less than 200 kW.
- the total power of the second stage microwave plasma generator satisfies the heat absorption required for the reaction balance.
- a syngas monitoring unit 6 is arranged at the outlet of the synthesis gas at the top of the gasification furnace 2, which can realize on-line monitoring of the syngas temperature and composition to adjust the oxygen flow rate, the steam flow rate and the microwave power in real time, and maintain the gasification process parameters within the control range.
- Biomass fuel, garbage and other materials are fed into the gasifier body 2 through the feeding device 1, rapidly gasifying the reaction on the fixed bed of the gasification furnace, and performing complex and efficient chemical reactions in the gasification reaction zone, first The fuel particles burst pyrolysis at a high temperature, and the remaining semi-coke is precipitated after the volatile matter of the main component is precipitated, and the volatiles are highly chemically reacted with oxygen and steam under the action of a microwave-excited high-activity plasma atmosphere of the microwave plasma generator 3.
- the bed temperature as a key parameter for adjusting the smooth operation of the gasifier, if the furnace temperature is too low, the oxygen supply of the plasma working gas is increased, and the microwave power of the microwave plasma generator 3 is adjusted to match the working gas flow, and vice versa.
- the proper amount of steam injected from the nozzle 4 mainly increases the water vapor concentration, promotes the reaction of the remaining fixed carbon in the fuel with steam, increases the yield of H 2 , and also inhibits the amount of tar produced in the reaction zone, thereby improving the quality of the synthesis gas.
- the gasification continues, and the generated syngas is pumped up to the clearance zone 8 for further cracking, and the remaining coke material is descended to the fixed bed bed and gradually released to maintain the bed temperature, and the biomass slag is burned off. It is discharged from the slag discharge port 7 outside the furnace.
- synthesis gas enters the second section of the microwave plasma generator 3' region for cracking, using the plasma working gas with large ionization degree and high activity, a proper amount of high-temperature steam is injected from the nozzle 5, and a small amount of tar in the syngas is used.
- the further cracking reaction of the material can further reduce the tar content and achieve the subsequent economic utilization level of the process.
- the gasification reaction zone temperature ranges from 700 ° C to 1600 ° C, and the synthesis gas outlet temperature is within 1200 ° C.
- the invention is particularly suitable for adopting a temperature range of 750 ° C to 950 ° C as a gasification reaction temperature section, and can minimize the sensible heat conversion and make the refrigerant gas more efficient under the condition of satisfying the product quality.
- the key in the design is to control the bed temperature and adjust the microwave plasma power and the supply of oxygen and steam.
- the control of the above-mentioned key factors can be achieved by the syngas outlet monitoring device, and the interlock control can be realized, and the fully automated operation can be performed to improve the operational stability.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (14)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12863868.1A EP2799521B1 (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2012-10-26 | Microwave plasma biomass gasifying fixed bed gasifier and process |
SG11201403665YA SG11201403665YA (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2012-10-26 | Microwave plasma biomass gasifying fixed bed gasifier and process |
RU2014131269/05A RU2588211C2 (ru) | 2011-12-29 | 2012-10-26 | Микроволновой плазменный газификатор биомассы с неподвижным слоем и способ газификации |
DK12863868.1T DK2799521T3 (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2012-10-26 | FIXED BED GASATING DEVICE FOR GASING OF MICROWAVE PLASMA BIOMAS AND SIMILAR PROCEDURE |
AP2014007830A AP2014007830A0 (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2012-10-26 | Microwave plasma biomass gasifying fixed bed gasifier and process |
CA2861814A CA2861814A1 (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2012-10-26 | Microwave plasma biomass gasifying fixed bed gasifier and process |
KR1020147020553A KR101625152B1 (ko) | 2011-12-29 | 2012-10-26 | 극초단파 플라즈마 바이오매스 가스화 고정층 가스화기 및 방법 |
MX2014007805A MX358425B (es) | 2011-12-29 | 2012-10-26 | Gasificador de lecho fijo que gasifica biomasa de plasma de microondas, y proceso. |
JP2014549318A JP5959027B2 (ja) | 2011-12-29 | 2012-10-26 | マイクロ波プラズマバイオマスガス化固定床ガス化炉および方法 |
IN1477MUN2014 IN2014MN01477A (zh) | 2011-12-29 | 2012-10-26 | |
BR112014016168A BR112014016168B1 (pt) | 2011-12-29 | 2012-10-26 | gaseificador de leito fixo de biomassa gaseificante de plasma de micro-ondas e seu processo correspondente |
AU2012362085A AU2012362085B2 (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2012-10-26 | Microwave plasma biomass gasifying fixed bed gasifier and process |
US14/315,313 US10336955B2 (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2014-06-25 | Fixed bed gasifier and method of gasification of biomass using the same |
ZA2014/05494A ZA201405494B (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2014-07-25 | Microwave plasma biomass gasifying fixed bed gasifier and process |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201110449459.6A CN102559273B (zh) | 2011-12-29 | 2011-12-29 | 一种微波等离子生物质气化固定床气化炉及工艺 |
CN201110449459.6 | 2011-12-29 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US14/315,313 Continuation-In-Part US10336955B2 (en) | 2011-12-29 | 2014-06-25 | Fixed bed gasifier and method of gasification of biomass using the same |
Publications (1)
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WO2013097534A1 true WO2013097534A1 (zh) | 2013-07-04 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/CN2012/083569 WO2013097534A1 (zh) | 2011-12-29 | 2012-10-26 | 一种微波等离子生物质气化固定床气化炉及工艺 |
Country Status (16)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US10336955B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2799521B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5959027B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101625152B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102559273B (zh) |
AP (1) | AP2014007830A0 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2012362085B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112014016168B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2861814A1 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK2799521T3 (zh) |
IN (1) | IN2014MN01477A (zh) |
MX (1) | MX358425B (zh) |
MY (1) | MY167884A (zh) |
SG (1) | SG11201403665YA (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2013097534A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA201405494B (zh) |
Cited By (1)
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CN108410503A (zh) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-08-17 | 内蒙古科技大学 | 一种回流式高温固定床气化炉及其工艺方法 |
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CN102559273B (zh) * | 2011-12-29 | 2014-03-05 | 武汉凯迪工程技术研究总院有限公司 | 一种微波等离子生物质气化固定床气化炉及工艺 |
CN102530859B (zh) * | 2011-12-29 | 2013-11-06 | 武汉凯迪工程技术研究总院有限公司 | 一种外热型微波等离子气化炉及合成气生产方法 |
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IT201600100814A1 (it) * | 2016-10-07 | 2018-04-07 | Processi Innovativi S R L | Procedimento e impianto per la produzione di syngas da rifiuti, preferibilmente rifiuti industriali o municipali e relativi prodotti associati. |
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DK2799521T3 (en) | 2019-04-01 |
MX2014007805A (es) | 2015-03-20 |
JP5959027B2 (ja) | 2016-08-02 |
AP2014007830A0 (en) | 2014-07-31 |
US20140306161A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
BR112014016168B1 (pt) | 2020-01-21 |
CN102559273B (zh) | 2014-03-05 |
MY167884A (en) | 2018-09-26 |
CA2861814A1 (en) | 2013-07-04 |
JP2015511966A (ja) | 2015-04-23 |
IN2014MN01477A (zh) | 2015-04-17 |
SG11201403665YA (en) | 2014-10-30 |
EP2799521A4 (en) | 2015-09-16 |
AU2012362085A1 (en) | 2014-08-21 |
KR101625152B1 (ko) | 2016-05-27 |
MX358425B (es) | 2018-08-17 |
RU2014131269A (ru) | 2016-02-20 |
EP2799521A1 (en) | 2014-11-05 |
BR112014016168A2 (pt) | 2017-07-04 |
KR20140120311A (ko) | 2014-10-13 |
ZA201405494B (en) | 2015-10-28 |
US10336955B2 (en) | 2019-07-02 |
AU2012362085B2 (en) | 2016-06-16 |
CN102559273A (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
EP2799521B1 (en) | 2018-12-12 |
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