WO2013087394A1

WO2013087394A1 - Light-guiding element and transparent composite element

Info

Publication number: WO2013087394A1
Application number: PCT/EP2012/073415
Authority: WO
Inventors: Oliver Fischer
Original assignee: LCT GesmbH Light & Concrete Technology
Priority date: 2011-12-12
Filing date: 2012-11-22
Publication date: 2013-06-20
Also published as: EP2791439A1; EP2604403A1

Abstract

Provided is a light-guiding element, comprising a baseplate of substantially flat design with an upper side and a lower side and at least one light-guiding pin, wherein the at least one light-guiding pin is arranged substantially perpendicularly to the baseplate, wherein a lens is arranged on the at least one light-guiding pin at the end remote from the baseplate.

Description

Light guide body and translucent composite body

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a light-conducting body, in particular for a translucent composite body, as well as a translucent composite body. Background of the invention and prior art

Light-conducting components or translucent composite bodies are known from the prior art. For example, DE 10 2007 013 199 A1 discloses a light-transmissive component made of a multilayer composite component which can be used for facades and other structures, in particular in the exterior area. The multi-layer composite component has predominantly a concrete-bonded material structure with light-conducting bodies, which are arranged in the manufacture of the component in a predominantly parallel arrangement to each other in the interior of the component and form the component at least partially translucent. The multi-layer composite component has a plurality of layers of concrete and insulating material, which are penetrated by a light guide body, the light guide must be stored in such a way during the manufacture of the multilayer composite component in a mold to ver a slippage during the casting process - avoid.

The disadvantage here, however, is that always several layers are required with recordings for the light guide, so that the entire multi-layer composite component in its production is relatively labor-intensive and costly. From DE 93 10 500 Ul a translucent component has become known, are cast in the optical fiber cable in a structural element made of concrete or concrete and at least one other material. The optical fiber cables usually consist of several optical fiber bundles, which are surrounded by a light-impermeable, insulating sheath. Such optical fiber cables are relatively limp and therefore are not suitable to be introduced or poured into a component without further precautions. For example, during a pouring process, parts of the optical fiber cables may be bent or even sheared off. Furthermore, an additional strength for this concrete element is not guaranteed by the pliable optical fiber cable.

In the light-transmissive components known from the prior art, it is also disadvantageous that a relatively strong incidence of light is necessary for a sufficient illumination of the building interior.

Object of the invention

The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a light guide body and a translucent composite body, which allow a much simpler, more cost-effective production of a light guide or a translucent composite body and which allow improved illumination of the building interior.

Inventive solution

This object is achieved by a light guide, in particular for a translucent composite body and a translucent composite body according to the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are specified in the respective dependent claims. Accordingly, a light-conducting body is provided, comprising a substantially flat base plate having an upper side and a lower side and at least one Lichtleitstift, wherein the at least one Lichtleitstift is arranged substantially perpendicular to the base plate, said at the at least one Lichtleitstift at the end facing away from the base plate a Lens is arranged.

In particular, the lens arranged on the light-conducting pin ensures that obliquely incident light is also conducted to the inside of the composite body, so that more light is conducted into the interior of a building.

The base plate may have on the top and / or bottom of a number of pins, wherein the at least one light guide pin is connected substantially positively and / or non-positively with a pin. Because the light guide pins can be plugged positively and / or non-positively on the pins of the base plate, a light guide can be produced, which can be adapted to specific needs by about individual Lichtleitstifte can be omitted. The light guide pin and the pins can have a light-conducting material, in particular polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or glass, the base plate having a light-conducting material at least in the region of the pins.

The lens may comprise a photoconductive material, in particular polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or glass. The light guide pin and the lens disposed thereon may be integrally formed, i. Light guide pin and lens form a unit.

For the light guide pins and the pins as well as for the lenses, any light-transmissive or light-conducting material suitable for the production of the light guide pins, cones or lenses can be used. The lens may have a photochromic coating or an electrochromic coating. Thus, the amount of light of the guided into the interior of the building light can be regulated. The lenses may be convex, concave, plano-convex or plano-concave, although other shapes may be used. For example, the lenses may have a pyramidal, cylindrical or any other light-bundling, light-diffusing or light-focusing form. The lenses can be attached to the ends of the light guide pins, such as by means of an adhesive connection, a plug connection or another Klipssystem. The adhesive bond preferably comprises a translucent adhesive. On the axial projections or bolts cover plates of a composite body can be plugged.

The light guide pins can be extended with a Lichtleitstiftverlängerung, wherein the Lichtleitstiftverlängerung is connected at one end to the Lichtleitstift. The connection can be made, for example, with a plug connection, wherein the light guide pin extension has a blind hole corresponding to the axial projection of the light guide pin. The connection can also be effected by means of an adhesive connection, wherein the adhesive connection preferably comprises a translucent adhesive. Furthermore, the plug connection can be additionally reinforced with a translucent adhesive.

At the other end of the Lichtleitstiftverlängerung a lens may be arranged, or the other end of the Lichtleitstiftverlängerung may be formed as a lens. The lenses may be attached to the optical fiber extension such as by means of an adhesive connection, a connector or any other Klips- System be attached. Again, the adhesive compound preferably comprises a translucent adhesive.

The Lichtleitstifte may have on the base plate facing the end of a pin corresponding to the blind hole, in which the pin is positively and / or non-positively arranged.

Preferably, the Lichtleitstifte at the top and the Lichtleitstifte at the bottom are aligned.

The pin and / or the axial projection may have a circumferential groove for receiving a sealing element and / or a retaining ring.

At the light guide pins can each be arranged a photovo Itaische cell, so that the light incident in the Lichtleitstifte light can also be used to generate energy. The photovoltaic cell can comprise a thin-film cell which can be vapor-deposited onto the surface of the light-conducting pin. In conjunction with the lens, the efficiency of energy production can be increased because more light can reach the photovoltaic cell.

Additionally or alternatively, photovoltaic cells can also be arranged on the Lichtleitstiftverlängerungen. Because the manufacture of Lichtleitstiftverlängerungen independent of the base plate or of the light guide pins, the production of Lichtleitstiftverlängerungen with applied photovoltaic cells can be made particularly simple and efficient.

Also provided is a method for producing a light-conducting body, wherein the light-guiding body comprises a substantially flat base plate, which has a number of pins on the upper side and / or lower side, and at least one light guide pin, which has a blind hole at one end, wherein the at least one Lichtleitstift with its blind hole on a Spigot of the base plate is inserted, so that between the pin and the Lichtleitstift a substantially positive and / or non-positive connection can be produced, and wherein the Lichtleitstift on the base plate remote from the end lens.

Before attaching the Lichtleitstiftes on the pin a sealing element or a locking ring can be arranged in a provided for receiving a sealing element or a locking ring groove on the pin. Further, before attaching the light guide pin on the pin on the surface of the pin and / or on the surface of the blind hole an adhesive, preferably a light-transmitting adhesive, are applied.

Furthermore, a translucent composite body is provided which comprises a first light-guiding body, wherein

- The light guide comprises a substantially flat configured base plate having an upper side and a lower side, wherein at the top and / or on the bottom a number of light guide pins are arranged substantially perpendicular to the base plate, and

- Wherein a curable potting compound is applied to the top and / or on the underside of the base plate, so that the Lichtleitstifte are at least partially surrounded by the potting compound.

The translucent composite body may further comprise at least one cover plate, wherein

the cover plate has a number of apertures or recesses corresponding to the light guide pins, with lenses arranged on the light guide pins and / or with axial projections provided on the light guide pins, and

- The cover plate is placed on the base plate remote from the ends of the Lichtleitstifte, so that the axial projections and / or the lenses respectively in Essentially positively and / or non-positively connected to the corresponding aperture and / or the base plate remote from the ends of the light guide pins rest flush with the cover plate. The base plate may have on the upper side a number of pins, the Lichtleitstifte at the end facing the base plate having a blind hole, each receiving a pin, and wherein the pins are connected substantially positive and / or non-positively connected to the blind hole of the respective Lichtleitstiftes ,

The underside of the base plate may be configured substantially symmetrically to the upper side of the base plate, wherein on the underside a number of light guide pins are provided, which are arranged substantially like the light guide pins on the upper side corresponding to the underside.

The cover plates can be detachably mounted on the Lichtleitstifte.

On the base plate facing sides of the cover plates, a seal may be applied at least in the region of the openings.

At least some of the light guide pins can be arranged in the region of the axial projection a sealing element and / or a retaining ring.

At the base plate facing sides of the cover plates can be arranged at least one mounting pin, which protrude into the region between the cover plate and the base plate.

The fastening pin may have barb elements and / or bores. The cavity formed by the cover plates or by a cover plate and the base plate may be at least partially filled with a filling material, preferential as an insulating material, concrete or a gas filled. If the mounting pins protrude into the insulation and / or in the concrete a particularly stable attachment of the cover plates is achieved. Other fillers may also be used.

The cavity formed by the cover plates or by a cover plate and the base plate can also form a vacuum.

The light guide pins and the pins may comprise a photoconductive material, preferably polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or glass. The base plate may have a light-conducting material at least in the region of the pins.

The lens may have a photochromic coating or an electrochromic coating.

At the light guide pins can each be arranged a photovoltaic cell.

A heating / cooling device can be arranged in the cavity formed by the cover plates or in the cavity formed by a cover plate and the base plate. The heating / cooling device may be about a fluid-tight tube.

On the cover plates, a heat-insulating layer may be arranged.

Further, the composite body may comprise a second light guide, wherein the second light guide is arranged relative to the first Lichtleitkörper such that the base plate of the first Lichtleitkörpers is substantially parallel to the base plate of the second Lichtleitkörpers and arranged on the underside of the first Lichtleitkörpers Lichtleitstifte with the on Upper side of the second Lichtleitkörpers arranged Lichtleitstifte are aligned. The arranged on the underside of the first Lichtleitkörpers Lichtleitstifte may be connected to the arranged at the top of the second Lichtleitkörpers Lichtleitstiften. For connection, a spacer may be provided, which has a photoconductive material, preferably polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or glass.

The cavity between the base plate of the first optical fiber and the base plate of the second optical fiber can be filled with a filler material, preferably an insulating material or substantially form a vacuum.

On the spacer can be arranged a photovoltaic cell.

In the light guide body and / or in the composite body, the base plate may have a number of holes, which preferably completely penetrate the base plate.

In the light guide body and / or in the composite body, the sealing element may comprise an O-ring. The circlip can include a snap ring.

In the case of the light-conducting body and / or in the composite body, the sealing element and / or the securing ring may have a material that is essentially translucent. This largely prevents the sealing element and / or the retaining ring from impairing the aesthetic impression of the light-conducting body and / or of the composite body.

In the case of the light-conducting body and / or in the composite body, the light-guiding pins can be cylindrical or conical. In the case of the light guide body and / or in the composite body, the axial projection may have a conical tip.

In the light guide body and / or in the composite body, the openings of the cover plates may each have a bevel corresponding to the conical dome.

Furthermore, the invention provides a method for producing a translucent composite body, in particular a composite body according to the invention, wherein

a number of light guide pins are arranged substantially perpendicular to the base plate on the upper side and / or underside of a substantially flat base plate, wherein at least some of the light guide pins have an axial projection at the end remote from the base plate, which is preferably designed as a cylindrical bolt, and wherein a lens is disposed on the axial projection, and

a cover plate which has a number of apertures corresponding to the axial projections, on which ends of the light guide pins remote from the base plate are placed, so that the axial projections are in each case connected in a form-fitting and / or force-locking manner to the corresponding aperture.

On the top and / or bottom of the base plate, a number of pins may be provided, wherein the Lichtleitstifte at the end facing the base plate having a blind hole, each receiving a pin, and wherein the pin substantially positive and / or non-positively be connected to the blind hole of the respective Lichtleitstiftes.

A photovoltaic cell, preferably a thin-film cell, can be arranged on the light guide pins. Before placing the cover plate, seals may be applied on the side of the cover plate facing the base plate, at least in the region of the openings. In one embodiment of the invention, the seal can be applied over a surface area over substantially the entire surface.

At the axial projections, a sealing element and / or a retaining ring can be arranged.

After placing the cover plates, the cavity formed by the cover plates or by a cover plate and the base plate can be filled with a filling material, preferably an insulating material and / or concrete. Other suitable filling materials may be provided.

Finally, the invention provides a method for producing a translucent composite body, the method comprising at least the following steps:

Producing a base body from two light guide bodies according to the invention, the two light guide bodies being arranged relative to one another such that the base plate of the first light guide body is substantially parallel to the base plate of the second light guide body and the light guide pins arranged on the underside of the first light guide body with those at the top of the second Lichtleitkörpers arranged Lichtleitstifte are aligned,

Producing a sandwich body by pouring the cavity between the base plate of the first light guide body and the base plate of the second light guide body with a filling material, preferably an insulating material,

- placing the sandwich body in a mold, and

- Fill the mold with a hardenable casting material, preferably concrete. Because first of all the sandwich body is produced with an insulating layer formed between the base plates, which is then arranged in the mold, a light-conducting multi-layer composite body can be produced in a particularly simple manner, which has two stable outer sides (of the hardenable casting compound) with an insulating layer arranged therebetween having.

At least one side wall of the casting mold can have openings or recesses into which the light guide pins at least partially engage, and / or wherein the ends of the light guide pins facing away from the base plate lie flush against the side walls.

Before arranging the sandwich body in the casting mold, the casting mold can be partially filled with the hardenable casting compound and the sandwich body subsequently inserted into the casting compound.

The mold, which may be open at the bottom (i.e., has only side walls), may be placed on a substrate, with the sandwich body being placed in the mold so that connecting bars projecting from the substrate protrude into the space to be filled with the hardenable molding compound.

In the production of the sandwich body can be arranged between the arranged at the bottom of the first Lichtleitkörpers Lichtleitstiften and on the upper side of the second light guide body light guide pins each a spacer, wherein the spacer is designed to be light-conducting or translucent. Thereby, the depth or width of the translucent composite body can be adjusted. At least partially photovoltaic cells can be arranged on the surface of the light guide pins. At least partially photovoltaic cells can be arranged on the surface of the base plate. At least one side wall of the mold may form a cover plate of the translucent composite body which is fixedly connected to the composite body.

At least partially photovoltaic cells can be arranged on the outside of the cover plate.

At least one side wall of the casting mold can have openings or recesses into which the light guide pins at least partially engage, wherein lenses are arranged on the free ends of the light guide pins facing away from the base plate.

Brief description of the figures

Further details and features of the invention and specific, particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the drawings. It shows:

Fig. La a translucent composite body according to the invention in one

Front view having a number of recesses through which light can be passed through the composite body;

FIG. 1b shows the translucent composite body shown in FIG. 1a with an alternative arrangement of the recesses; FIG.

FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of a light-transmitting composite body according to the invention in a sectional view; FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of a light-transmitting composite body according to the invention in a sectional view;

FIG. 3a shows an alternative embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3; FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of a light-transmitting composite body according to the invention in a sectional view;

FIG. 4a shows an alternative embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4; FIG.

Fig. 5 shows a still further example of a translucent invention

Composite body in a sectional view;

Fig. 6 shows a preferred embodiment of a light-transmissive composite according to the invention in a sectional view;

FIG. 7 shows a detail view AI according to FIG. 6; FIG.

8a, 8b show embodiments of a light guide pin according to the invention of the light guide body;

9 shows an embodiment according to the invention of a bolt on a light guide pin according to the invention and a corresponding configuration of a recess of a cover plate;

10 shows an embodiment according to the invention of a cover plate of a light-permeable composite body;

Fig. I Ia, I Ib two alternative embodiments of a Lichtleitstiftes invention of the light guide;

12 shows an embodiment of a pin of the base plate or a pin of a light-conducting pin with a sealing element arranged thereon; 13 is a perspective view of a light-transmissive composite body according to the invention with a light guide body and two attached thereto arranged cover plates, which are each plugged onto the bolt of Lichtleitstifte;

Figure 14 is a translucent composite body according to the invention with Lichtleitstiftverlängerungen. Figure 15 is a filled with a curable potting translucent composite body. and

16 shows a light-transmissive composite body according to the invention in one

Sandwich construction.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. La shows a translucent composite body 1 according to the invention in a view from the front or in a plan view. Visible here is a front-side cover plate 25, which has a number of recesses, openings or holes 26. The holes 26 penetrate the front cover plate 25 completely. The holes 26 each take a bolt of a light guide pin of a light guide according to the invention (which is not visible in Fig. La) by the cover plate 25 is pressed onto the pins 17 of the Lichtleit- pins. The bolts 17, the light guide pins and the base plate (which is not visible in FIG. 1 a) essentially have a light-conducting or translucent material, such that a light incident or introduced on the bolt 17 essentially reaches the rear side of the composite body 1 or can run from the back of the composite body 1 to the pin 17 and can escape there.

Fig. Lb shows a further embodiment of a light-transmitting composite body 1 according to the invention, wherein, in contrast to the embodiment of Fig. La, the recesses or holes 26 are arranged differently. Due to the arrangement of the holes 26 and the corresponding arrangement of Light guide pins on the base plate of the light guide can be formed as special patterns, such as numbers or letters.

The front cover plate 25 shown in FIG. 1 a and FIG. 1 b may, for example, comprise aluminum, another metal, plastic or wood. Of course, any other dimensionally stable material for producing the front cover plate 25 may be provided. For the use of a translucent composite body 1 according to the invention as a facade element, however, it is advantageous if the front cover plate 25, if it faces the weather side, has a weather-resistant material.

Fig. 2 shows a translucent composite according to the invention in a sectional view taken along the arrows A-A of Fig. La. The translucent composite body substantially comprises a light guide body 10 and a front cover plate 25 and a back cover plate 20.

The optical waveguide 10 essentially comprises a planarized base plate 11 having an upper side O and a lower side U. At the upper side O, a number of light guide pins 15 are arranged substantially perpendicular to the base plate 11. The light guide 10 is configured in one piece in this embodiment. The light-conducting body 10 has a light-conducting material, preferably polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or glass. The light-conducting body 10 can be produced in an injection molding process. At least some of the light guide pins 15 have at the end facing away from the base plate 11 on an axial projection 17, which is preferably designed as a cylindrical bolt. The bolt 17, together with the base plate facing away from the end of the Lichtleitstiftes 15 a "shoulder" on the front cover plate 25 can be plugged or placed so that the bolts 17 protrude into corresponding recesses or holes 26 of the front cover plate 25. Die Bolzen 17 or the corresponding 26 savings of the front cover plate 25 are preferably designed so that the bolts 17 each substantially form-fitting and / or non-positively in the corresponding recesses 26 of the front cover plate 25 can be introduced and the front cover plate 25 thereby substantially form-fitting and / or non-positively with the Connect the light guide 10. As a result, a particularly simple mounting of the cover plate 25 is made possible.

It is also possible that only some of the light guide pins 15 have a corresponding pin 17, so that the front cover plate 25 only rests on this bolt. In this case, the recesses or bores 26 in the region of the light guide pins without bolts can be dispensed with. The light guide pin 15 acts in this area substantially like a resistor, which prevents bending of the front cover plate 25 as far as possible.

FIG. 2 likewise shows a rear cover plate 20 which likewise has a number of recesses or bores 21, wherein the bores 21 are arranged substantially concentrically with respect to the light guide pins arranged on the upper side O. At the bores 21 of the back cover plate 20, light can reach the light guide body 10 or be introduced into the light guide body 10, which can exit at the bolt 17. Conversely, light can also enter the bolt 17 and exit at the rear of the translucent composite body in the region of the bores 21 of the rear cover plate 20.

As can be seen in Fig. 2, the recesses or holes 21 of the rear cover plate 20 may have different diameters. Likewise, the pins 17 on the light guide pins 15 each have a different diameter. The bores 21 and 26 of the rear cover plate 20 and the front cover plate 25 are designed here essentially as round holes. The recesses 21 and / or 26 can also be a have the form. For example, the recesses may have a square or rectangular shape, which ultimately depends on the aesthetic requirements of the translucent composite body. 2, a translucent composite body with a rear cover plate 20 is shown. In a particular embodiment of the invention can also be dispensed with on the back cover plate 20, so that essentially over the entire region of the base plate 11 light can enter or exit. The front cover plate 25 may be made of a metal such as aluminum. The back cover plate 20 may be made of the same material as the front cover plate 25 or of another material, such as wood or plastic. In one embodiment of the invention, the front and / or the back cover plate can be detachably applied to the light guide, so that the cover can be removed if necessary and / or possibly replaced by another cover plate, such as a cover made of a different material , This provides a particularly flexible system of a composite body according to the invention.

The base plate 1 1 of the light guide 10 and the front cover plate 25 together form a cavity 30 which can be filled with a filler according to an embodiment of the invention or can be filled. As a filling material, for example, an insulating material may be provided. Alternatively it can be provided as a filler and a curable potting compound, such as concrete or plastic.

As filling material, a gas can also be provided. The cavity 30 is in this case sealed substantially gas-tight. In the cavity 30 may further be arranged a heating / cooling device 35. Shown in Fig. 2 is a tube 35 through which a thermal fluid can be passed. The tube 35 may meander between the light guide pins 15 extend, so that only two connections for the heating / cooling device 35 must be provided on the composite body.

FIG. 3 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a light-transmitting composite according to the invention in a sectional view along the arrows A-A of FIG. 1a. The translucent composite body 1 according to FIG. 3 differs from the translucent composite body according to FIG. 2 in that the base plate 11 of the optical waveguide 10 has a number of recesses, apertures or holes 14 which preferably completely penetrate the base plate. The bores 14 of the base plate 11 are particularly advantageous if on the underside U of the base plate 11 also light guide pins 15 are arranged net on which a back cover plate 20 can be applied or plugged, as for example with reference to FIG and Fig. 6 is shown. However, the bores 14 of the base plate 11 can also be provided if no light guide pins are provided on the underside U of the base plate 11 and the rear cover plate 20 is applied directly to the base plate 11. The base plate 11 can be fixed to the base plate 11, for example by means of an adhesive bond.

In the example shown in FIG. 3, fastening pins 50 are arranged on the front cover plate 25 and / or on the rear cover plate 20, which project into the region between cover plate 25, 20 and base plate 11. The fastening pin 50 can be provided, if the cavity 30 is filled with a filling material, the cover plate 25 and 20 additionally secure by the fixing pins are positively or positively connected to the filler. Preferred embodiments of the fixing pins are shown with reference to FIG. FIG. 3a shows an alternative embodiment of the embodiment of a composite body according to the invention shown in FIG.

The light guide pins 15 have in the upper region a radial projection (shoulder), whose diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the openings of the front cover plate 25. The cover plate 25 can thus rest on the radial projections. Below the radial projection, the diameter of the light guide pins 15 decreases, so that for the production of the Lichtleitstifte 15 much less material is needed. Preferably, the diameter of the light guide pins 15 below the radial projections about the same size as the diameter of the axial supernatant 17th

The light guide pins have a lens 16 at the upper end or at the axial projection 17. The lens 16 may be made of the same material as the light guide pin. This makes it possible to design the light guide pin and the lens 16 in one piece (compare right light guide body in Fig. 3a), so that the light guide pin 15 and the lens 16 form a unit and can be manufactured in a manufacturing step. The lens is preferably convex. Alternatively, the lens 16 may also be made separate from the light guide pin 15 and applied to the light guide pin 15 during assembly of the composite body. The application of the lens 16 can be carried out with a preferably transparent adhesive, or by form-fitting placement in the openings of the front cover plate 25. In this embodiment, it is advantageous if the lens is plano-convex designed (see left light guide in Fig. 3a ).

The lens 16 ensures that also obliquely incident light can reach optimally up to the back of the composite body. At the light guide pins 15, a photovoltaic cell 37 is arranged below the shoulders to generate current from the incident light. The photovoltaic cell 37 is preferably designed as a thin-layer cell, which can be vapor-deposited onto the surface of the light-guiding pins. This allows a particularly simple production of Lichtleitstifte with integrated solar cells.

In the cavity between the light guide pins 15 heating / cooling means are provided, which are designed here as tubes 35 and through which a thermal fluid can be passed. Through you pipes also a hot water or water vapor can be led. The tubes may be arranged meandering. It may be provided with a larger diameter tube or a plurality of smaller diameter tubes. With the help of the heating / cooling devices, the inside of a façade can be heated (or cooled in summer). In this case, it is advantageous to insulate the outside of the composite body. For this purpose, an insulating layer 36 may be provided on the side of the front cover plate 25 facing the base plate 11. Instead of the insulating layer but also a corresponding heat-insulating material for the front cover plate 25 may be provided. In any case, it is advantageous to arrange the heating / cooling devices 35 as close as possible to the base plate 11, in particular when the cavity 30 is filled with a filling material. FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of a light-transmissive composite according to the invention in a sectional view along the arrows A-A of FIG. 1a.

The base plate 11 has a number of recesses or holes 14, which completely penetrate the base plate. On the holes 14 but can also be dispensed with, as shown for example in Fig. 2. The base plate 11 has at the upper side O a number of pins 12, which essentially Chen are arranged perpendicular to the base plate. The base plate 11 and the pins 12 are configured in one piece, wherein the base plate 11 can be made with the pins 12 disposed thereon in an injection molding process. At the pin 12, a light guide pin 15 is arranged in each case substantially perpendicular to the base plate 11 and connected substantially form-fitting and / or non-positively with the pin 12. Light guide pins 15 have at the base plate 11 facing the end of a pin 12 corresponding blind hole 13 so that the Lichtleitstift 15 can be plugged onto the pin 12 positively and / or non-positively to an independent release of the Lichtleitstiftes 15 of the pin 12 in Essentially prevent.

The light guide pin 15 has at the end facing away from the base plate 11 on an axial projection, which is designed as a pin 17. The bolt 17 essentially has a reduced diameter or a reduced edge length. After applying or attaching the Lichtleitstifte 15 on the pin 12, the front cover plate 25, which has the bolt 17 corresponding recesses or holes 26, applied to the Lichtleitstifte 15 or plugged, as already with reference to FIG explained.

Both the light guide pins 15 and the base plate 11 with their pins 12 essentially have a light-transmitting or light-conducting material. It is preferable to use polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or glass as the light-transmissive material. For example, the base plate 11 may be made of glass and the light guide pins 15 made of PMMA.

On the underside U of the base plate 11, a back cover plate 20 is arranged, as already shown with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. The rear cover plate 20 has a number of apertures or bores 21, which are arranged essentially concentrically with the pins arranged on the upper side or base plate 11. Again, the holes 21 each- because they have a different diameter or a different shape.

An essential advantage of the embodiment of the light-permeable composite body 1 or of the light-conducting body 10 shown in FIG. 4 is that the base plate 11 and the light-conducting pins 15 can be produced separately from one another and optionally with a different material. Another significant advantage is that the light guide 10 can be flexibly configured depending on the specific requirements of the translucent composite body. For example, corresponding to only some of the pins 12 corresponding Lichtleitstifte 15 are plugged and a corresponding with the plugged light guide pins corresponding front cover plate 25 may be used. The advantage is that the same base plate 11 can be used for different embodiments of the translucent composite body, which in particular simplifies the production of the base plate 11, because the production of different base plates is avoided.

FIG. 4 a shows an alternative embodiment of the embodiment of a composite body according to the invention shown in FIG. 4.

The Lichtleitstifte 15 are positively and / or non-positively arranged on the pin 12. The light guide pins 15 may have a shoulder as described with reference to FIG. 3a. Lens 16 are respectively arranged on the light guide pins or on the axial projections 17, as likewise described with reference to FIG. 3 a. The lenses may have different surfaces or different radii of curvature. The surface of the linden can also be formed from several planar surfaces.

The lens 16 may comprise a photochromic coating or an electrochromic coating. This allows the lens to be dimmed automatically or when needed. As also described with reference to FIG. 3a, photovoltaic cells are arranged on the light guide pins 15. Because the light guide pins, unlike the embodiment shown in Fig. 3a, are detachably connected to the base plate 11, they can be manufactured together with the photovoltaic cells arranged thereon separately from the base plate, which simplifies the manufacture.

FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of a translucent composite body according to the invention in a sectional view along the arrows AA of FIG. 1a. The base plate 11 substantially corresponds to the base plate as shown in FIG. In contrast to the base plate according to FIG. 3, in the base plate according to FIG. 5, light guide pins 15 are also arranged on the underside U, preferably concentric with the light guide pins 15 on the upper side O of the base plate 11. In this embodiment of the light guide body 10, it is advantageous to when the base plate 11 has a number of recesses or holes 14, which completely penetrate the base plate. As a result, the front cover plate 25 and the rear cover plate 20, which, like the front cover plate, can be applied or attached to the light guide pins 15 arranged at the rear, form a cavity 30. The cavity 30 can be filled with a filling material, such as With reference to FIG. 2, the filling material also passes into the bores 14 of the base plate 11, so that a stable connection of the filling material in the front cavity with the filling material in the rear cavity is made possible. As can be seen in FIG. 5, some of the light guide pins 15 can also have a different diameter. For example, the third Lichtleitstift 15 on the underside U of the base plate has a larger diameter than the remaining Lichtleitstifte. The choice of the diameter of the light guide pins 15 or the bolt 17 depends essentially on the aesthetic requirements of the translucent composite body. The diameter of the light guide pins or the bolt can be between a few millimeters and several centimeters.

FIG. 6 shows a particularly preferred embodiment of a translucent composite body according to the invention in a sectional view along the arrows A-A of FIG. 1. The light-conducting body 10 essentially corresponds to the light-conducting body shown in FIG. In contrast to the light guide body shown in Fig. 4, the base plate 1 1 also on the underside U pin 12, on which correspondingly configured Lichtleitstifte 15 are plugged. Again, the base plate 11 can be made separately from the light guide pins 15. Because the light guide pins are attached to the pins 12 of the base plate 11, the base plate can be configured differently depending on the requirement.

In the aforementioned embodiments of the invention, the base plate 11 comprises a light-transmissive material. It may be advantageous if the base plate 11 has a light-transmitting or light-conducting material only in the region of the pins 12 or in the region of the light guide pins 15.

In the middle front-side cover plate 25, an insulating layer 36 is arranged. This can also be provided if no heating / cooling device is provided in the cavity 30.

Shown here is an enlarged view of the base plate 11 facing away from a Lichtleitstiftes 15 with a pin 17 and a plugged onto the pin 17 cover 25. The cover plate 25 can on the base plate 1 1 facing side or surface have a seal 40. The seal 40 may be applied to the entire surface of the cover plate 25. Alternatively, the seal 40 may also be applied only in the region of the recess or bore 26 of the cover plate 25. The seal 40 can either be applied to the cover plate on the light guide elements 15 prior to the application or attachment of the cover plate or applied to the light guide pins 15 before the cover plate is attached.

On the pin 17, a lens 16 may be arranged, as explained with reference to Fig. 3a and Fig. 4a.

FIGS. 8a and 8b each show alternative embodiments of a light guide pin 15. The light guide pin 15 of FIG. 8a has a substantially cylindrical shape. The bolt 17 is also designed substantially cylindrical. Alternatively, the Lichtleitstift 15 also have a square or rectangular cross-section. Also, the bolt 17 may have a square or rectangular cross-section. Other cross sections for the light guide pin 15 and / or for the bolt 17 are possible.

The light guide pin according to FIG. 8b has an upwardly tapered or conical shape, which is advantageous in the production of a one-piece light guide body, as shown with reference to FIG. 2, since the light guide body is particularly simple from an injection molding tool can be removed. The bolt 17, however, has a cylindrical shape. The bolt 17 may also have a rectangular, square or other suitable cross section here, although the diameter or the side lengths remain the same over the entire height in order to ensure a force-fitting application or attachment of the cover plate on the bolt 17.

Fig. 9 shows a preferred embodiment of a bolt 17 of a Lichtleitstiftes 15. The free end of the bolt 17 has a slight bevel 19, so that the bolt 17 forms a so-called conical tip at its free end. As a result, the attachment of the cover plate is facilitated on the bolt 17. The cover plate 25 and the holes of the cover plate also have a bevel 29 corresponding to the chamfer 19 of the bolt 17, so that after the application of the cover plate on the bolt 17 around the bolt circumferential recesses or gaps are avoided, in which For example, can settle dirt.

10 shows a cover plate 20, 25 with fastening pins 50a, 50b, 50c arranged thereon. In one embodiment, the attachment pin 50a has a barb element 51 at the free end. In a further embodiment, the fastening pin 50b has one or more holes 52, which preferably completely penetrate the fastening pin 50b. In a still further embodiment, the fastening pin 50c has both a barb element 51 and at least one bore 52. With the help of the barbs 51 and the bore 52, the cover plate 20, 25, provided that the cavity 30 between the cover plate and the base plate 11 has a filling material, substantially positively connected to the filler material to prevent inadvertent release of the cover plate of the light guide as far as possible ,

FIGS. 11a and 11b show different embodiments of a light guide pin 15 in a perspective view. 1a shows a cylindrical light guide pin 15 with a cylindrical pin 17. FIG. 1b shows a light guide pin 15 with a substantially square cross section and a pin 17, which likewise has a substantially square cross section. FIG. 12 shows an enlarged view of a pin 12 or a pin 17. A sealing element or a locking ring 60 can be arranged on the pin 12 or pin 17. Preferably, the pin 12 or pin 17 has a circumferential groove 61 for receiving the sealing element or retaining ring 60. The sealing element may be about an elastic O-ring. As a circlip, for example, a snap ring may be provided. With the help of the sealing element, the cavity of the translucent composite body be sealed as far as possible. A seal 40, as described with reference to FIG. 7, may be dispensed with.

The cover plate 20, 25 may have a groove 62 corresponding to the sealing element or securing ring 60 in the bores 21, 26. Furthermore, the blind hole 13 of the Lichtleitstiftes 15 may have a radial groove for receiving the sealing element and / or the retaining ring.

The sealing element and / or the securing ring 60 preferably have a transparent, particularly preferably a light-conducting material in order not to influence the visual impression of the light-permeable composite body.

With the retaining ring 60, which can be configured as a snap ring, a particularly stable attachment of the cover plate is achieved on the bolt 17. For this purpose, it is sufficient if only some of the light guide pins 15 have a corresponding snap ring.

Fig. 13 shows a translucent composite body 1 according to the invention in a perspective view. The translucent composite body comprises a light guide body 10, which comprises a base plate 11 with arranged at the top O and the bottom U light guide pins 15, and an upper cover plate 25 and a lower cover plate 20. The upper and lower cover plate 25, 20 each have recesses or holes on which guide pins with the pins 17 of the light correspond to the cover plate 25, 20 on the pins or on the light guide pins 15 can attach. Furthermore, the base plate 11 has a number of holes 14, which preferably completely penetrate the base plate.

The cavity formed between the upper cover plate 25 and the lower cover plate 20 can be filled with a filling material, preferably an insulating material. If seals 40 (see Fig. 7) and / or sealing elements 60 (see Fig. 12) are provided on the cover plates, it is also possible to completely dispense with a filling material. The upper cover plate 25 may have, for example, a metal, preferably aluminum. The lower cover plate 20 may for example comprise wood. Thus, the translucent composite body can also be used as a facade element, wherein the upper cover plate 25 is arranged on the weather side. Thus, a translucent composite body is provided, which is protected as a facade element on the weather side from the weather and which room side has a particularly appealing aesthetics.

On the outer sides of the cover plates 20, 25 can be arranged at least partially photovo Itaische cells. Thus, the composite body can also be used to generate electricity, which is particularly advantageous if the composite body is used as a facade element of a building.

Fig. 14 shows a translucent composite according to the invention with Lichtleitstiftverlängerungen. The Lichtleitstiftverlängerungen 70 are provided to increase the distance between the base plate 11 and the cover plates 20, 25 so that translucent composite can be made with a greater width and depth. The provision of Lichtleitstiftverlängerungen 70 is particularly advantageous if the base plate 11 and arranged thereon Lichtleitstifte 15 are integrally formed, as shown in the right part of Fig. 14. As a result, the same base plates 11 with light guide pins 15 arranged thereon can be used both for wide and for narrow composite bodies. The manufacture of the base plates with the light guide pins is thereby simplified. Lichtleitstiftverlängerungen 70 have at the lower end of a blind hole 71, which corresponds to the pin 17 on the Lichtleitstift 15. In this blind hole 71 of the bolt 17 is brought into engagement. In order to ensure a firm connection between the bolt 17 and the Lichtleitstiftverlängerung 70, the Lichtleitstiftverlängerung 70 by means of an adhesive bond to the pin 17 and on the Lichtleitstift 15 are attached. The adhesive bond preferably comprises a translucent adhesive.

At the upper end, the Lichtleitstiftverlängerung 70 also have a bolt which can be brought into engagement with the recesses 21, 26 of the cover plates 20, 25.

The upper end of the Lichtleitstiftverlängerung 70 may also have a blind hole 72, so that a lens 16 at the upper end of Lichtleitstiftverlänge- tion 70 can be plugged. The lens 16 can also be connected to the Lichtleitstiftverlängerung 70 with a substantially translucent adhesive. Alternatively, the upper end of the Lichtleitstiftverlängerung 70 and the pin may be formed at the upper end of the Lichtleitstiftverlängerung 70 as a lens.

FIG. 15 shows a translucent composite filled with a curable potting compound. FIG.

In this example of a translucent composite body, a light guide body according to the invention is arranged in a casting mold, and then the casting mold is filled with a hardenable potting compound, for example concrete. Preferably, the light guide is arranged in the mold so that the free ends of the light guide pins of the light guide abut flush with the respective wall of the mold. This ensures that after removal of the composite body from the mold or after removing the walls the free ends of the Lichtleitstifte are visible from the outside, so that no action is necessary to expose the Lichtleitstifte.

As can be seen in FIG. 15, lenses 16 can also be arranged on the light guide pins 15. In this case, it is advantageous if the mold or the formwork of the mold has corresponding recesses into which the lenses can be engaged. After removal of the formwork then the lenses are free. In the manufacture of the composite body and Lichtleitstiftverlängerung 70 may be attached to the light guide before the light guide is placed in the mold.

After curing of the casting compound and after removal of the composite body from the casting mold or after removal of the walls, photovoltaic cells can be arranged at least partially-not shown here-on the surface of the composite body. Thus, the composite body can also be used to generate electricity, which is particularly advantageous if the composite body is used as a facade element of a building.

Fig. 16 shows a translucent composite body according to the invention in a sandwich construction.

In this example, the composite body comprises two light guide bodies which are arranged relative to one another such that the base plates of the light guide bodies are substantially parallel to one another and the light guide pins of the upper light guide body are aligned with the light guide pins of the lower light guide body. The light guide pins arranged in such a way then form in pairs a light guide between the front side and the rear side of the composite body. The respective light guide pins can be firmly connected to one another, for example via a clip mechanism or by means of an adhesive connection. Alternatively, the Bond also be made on spacers 75. With the spacers 75 and the depth or width of the composite body can be adjusted. The spacers themselves are also transparent or light-conducting configured. The composite of two light-conducting bodies thus produced is subsequently filled with an insulating compound 32, ie an insulating material 32 is injected or poured into the cavity between the upper base plate and the lower base plate. The two light guide then form together with the insulating material 32 a sandwich body.

Subsequently, the sandwich body is placed in a mold and the cast is then poured with a hardening material, such as concrete, ie the cavity between the walls 80 of the mold and the base plates of the light guide is filled with the curing material. The arrangement of the sandwich body in the mold is essentially as described with reference to FIG. 16. According to a variant of the production method, the casting mold can be open at the bottom, ie essentially consists only of the side walls 80. The casting mold, which is open at the bottom, is arranged on a base 90, wherein connecting rods 95 project on the base 90. The connecting rods 95 protrude into the interior of the mold. The sandwich body is then placed in the mold so that the protruding connecting rods protrude into the space to be filled with the hardenable casting compound. After the mold has been filled with the hardenable casting compound and the casting compound has hardened, there is a firm connection between the composite body and the substrate 90 via the connecting rods 95. The base 90 may be, for example, an unfinished concrete floor or a base plate. Prior to filling the mold, a reinforcement may also be placed between the photoconductive pins to increase the stability of the composite.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

I light permeable composite body

10 light guide

I I base plate of the light guide body

12 pins (preferably cylindrical) on the base plate

13 blind hole or with the pin corresponding recess (preferably cylindrical) of the Lichtleitstiftes

14 recess, opening or bore on the base plate

15 Lichtleitstifte the light guide

16 lens on the light guide pin

17 bolts on the light guide pin (axial projection of reduced diameter or reduced edge length)

19 bevel of the bolt (cone point)

20 back cover plate

21 recess, opening or bore on the back cover plate

25 front cover plate

26 recess, opening or bore on the front cover plate

29 corresponding to the chamfer of the pin bevel of the cover plate

30 cavity

31 hardenable potting compound

32 insulation mass

35 heating / cooling medium

36 insulating layer

37 solar cell (photovoltaic cell)

40 sealing

50, 50a, 50b, 50c fixing pins

51 barb elements of the fixing pins

52 holes in the fixing pins 60 Seal element (eg O-ring) or retaining ring (eg snap ring) on the pin and / or bolt

61 on the pin and / or bolt circumferential groove for receiving the sealing element and / or retaining ring

62 groove (radial groove) corresponding to the sealing element / retaining ring in the blind hole and / or in the recess of the Abdeckplat- th

70 optical fiber extension

71 Blind hole at the lower end of the Lichtleitstiftverlängerung

72 blind hole at the upper end of the Lichtleitstiftverlängerung

75 spacers

80 Sidewall of the mold

90 underground, e.g. Base plate or raw concrete ceiling

95 connecting rods

A-A Section A-A

AI detailed view

O top of the base plate

U underside of the base plate

Claims

Optical guide body (10), comprising a substantially flat configured base plate (11) having an upper side (O) and a lower side (U) and at least one Lichtleitstift (15), wherein the at least one Lichtleitstift (15) substantially perpendicular to the base plate ( 11), wherein a lens (16) is arranged on the at least one light guide pin (15) on the free end facing away from the base plate (11).

The light guide body according to claim 1, wherein the base plate (11) has a number of pins (12) on the upper side and / or lower side, and wherein the at least one light guide pin (15) is connected to a pin (12) in a substantially positive and / or non-positive manner is.

The optical waveguide according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the light guide pin (15), the pin (12) and the lens (16) comprise a photoconductive material, preferably polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or glass, and wherein the base plate (11) at least in Area of the pins (12) comprises a light-conducting material, and / or wherein the Lichtleitstift (15) and the lens (16) arranged thereon are designed in one piece.

Optical guide according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the lens (16) has a photochromic coating or an electrochromic coating.

Optical guide according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a photovoltaic cell is arranged on the at least one optical guide pin (15). A translucent composite body (1) comprising a first light guide body (10), wherein

- The light guide body (10) comprises a substantially flat configured base plate (11) having a top (O) and a bottom (U), wherein at the top (O) and / or at the bottom (U) a number of light guide pins ( 15) are arranged substantially perpendicular to the base plate (11), and

- Wherein a curable potting compound (31) is applied to the top (O) and / or on the underside (U) of the base plate, so that the light guide pins (15) are at least partially surrounded by the potting compound (31).

Composite body according to the preceding claim, wherein the base plate (11) on the upper side (O) and / or on the underside (U) has a number of pins (12), wherein the light guide pins (15) facing on the base plate (11) Have a blind hole (13), each receiving a pin (12), and wherein the pins (12) substantially form-fitting and / or non-positively connected to the blind hole (13) of the respective Lichtleitstiftes (15).

The composite body according to claim 6, wherein the composite body comprises a second light guide body, the second light guide body being arranged relative to the first light guide body such that the base plate of the first light guide body is substantially parallel to the base plate of the second light guide body and the arranged on the underside of the first Lichtleitkörpers arranged Lichtleitstifte with the arranged at the top of the second Lichtleitkörpers Lichtleitstifte.

A composite body according to claim 8, wherein the arranged on the underside of the first Lichtleitkörpers Lichtleitstifte are connected to the arranged at the top of the second Lichtleitkörpers Lichtleitstiften, wherein for connection preferably a spacer (75) is provided, which a photoconductive material, preferably polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or glass.

Composite body according to one of claims 8 to 9 wherein the cavity between the base plate of the first Lichtleitkörpers and the base plate of the second Lichtleitkörpers with a filler, preferably an insulating material is filled or substantially forms a vacuum.

Composite body according to one of the preceding claims 6 to 10, wherein at the base plate (11) facing away from the free end of at least one light guide pin is arranged a lens, wherein the lens (16) preferably has a photochromic coating or an electrochromic coating.

Composite body according to one of the preceding claims 6 to 11, wherein a photovoltaic cell is arranged on the at least one light guide pin (15) or on the spacer (75).

The composite according to any one of the preceding claims 6 to 12, wherein the translucent composite further comprises at least one cover plate, wherein

- The cover plate is placed on the base plate remote from the ends of the Lichtleitstifte, so that the axial projections and / or the lenses are each connected substantially positively and / or non-positively with the corresponding aperture and / or the base plate remote from the ends of the Lichtleitstifte form-flush to the Cover the cover plate.

14. A composite according to any one of the preceding claims 6 to 13, wherein in the through the cover plates (20, 25) or in the te by a Abdeckplat- (20, 25) and the base plate (11) formed cavity (30) a heating / Cooling device is arranged.

15. A composite according to any one of the preceding claims 13 to 14, wherein on the outer sides of the cover plates (20, 25) at least partially photovoltaic cells are arranged.

Process for producing a translucent composite body, in particular according to one of Claims 6 to 15, the process comprising at least the following steps:

- Producing a base body of two light-conducting bodies (10), in particular according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the two light-guiding body are arranged relative to each other such that the base plate of the first light-guiding body is substantially parallel to the base plate of the second light-guiding body and at the Bottom of the first Lichtleitkörpers arranged Lichtleitstifte aligned with the arranged at the top of the second Lichtleitkörpers Lichtleitstiften,

- placing the sandwich body in a mold, and

- Fill the mold with a hardenable casting material, preferably concrete.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein at least one side wall (80) of the mold has openings or recesses (21, 26) into which the light guide pins at least partially engage, and / or wherein the base plate facing away from the light guide pins flush with the side walls.

18. The method of claim 16 or 17, wherein prior to arranging the sandwich body in the mold, the mold partially with the curable

Casting compound is filled and the sandwich body is inserted into the casting compound.

19. A method according to any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein the mold, which is open at the bottom, is placed on a substrate (90), the body of the sandwich being placed in the mold so that connecting rods projecting from the substrate (90) (95) protrude into the space to be filled with the hardenable casting compound. 20. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 19, wherein at least partially photovoltaic cells are arranged on the surface of the Lichtleitstifte.

21. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 20, wherein at least partially photovoltaic cells are arranged on the surface of the base plate.

A method according to any one of claims 16 to 21, wherein at least one side wall (80) of the mold forms a cover plate of the translucent composite body fixedly connected to the composite body. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein at least partially photovoltaic cells are arranged on the outside of the cover plate.

24. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 23, wherein at least one side wall of the mold has openings or recesses into which the Lichtleitstifte at least partially engage, wherein the base plate remote from the free ends of the light guide pins lenses are arranged.