DE102008013523B4 - Solar module with optical concentrator device - Google Patents

Abstract

A solar module with an optical concentrator device comprising: a front-side encapsulation surface element (1) with a circumferential front-side edge region (10); - A rear encapsulation surface element (2) with a circumferential rear edge region (20); - A sealing device (3) arranged at least in sections in or adjacent to the rear edge area (20) and at least in sections in or adjacent to the front edge area (10) in such a way that an encapsulation volume (V) is formed which is formed by an inner boundary surface of the sealing device (3 ), an inner boundary surface of the rear encapsulation surface element (2) and an inner boundary surface of the front encapsulation surface element (1) is spatially limited, - a plurality of solar cells (4) arranged in the encapsulation volume (V) and interconnected, each having a light entry surface (40) , the sum of all light entry surfaces (40) being at least a quarter of the inner boundary surface of the front encapsulation surface element (1) and - at least one optical concentrator device (5) arranged in the encapsulation volume (V) with a plurality formed separately from the encapsulation surface elements (1, 2) r optical concentrator elements (50), ...

Description

The invention relates to a solar module with optical concentrator device according to the preamble of claim 1.

• – ein frontseitiges Verkapselungsflächenelement mit einem umlaufenden frontseitigen Randbereich;
• – ein rückseitiges Verkapselungsflächenelement mit einem umlaufenden rückseitigen Randbereich;
• – eine zumindest abschnittweise im oder benachbart zum rückseitigen Randbereich und zumindest abschnittsweise im oder benachbart zum frontseitigen Randbereich derart angeordnete Dichtungseinrichtung, dass sich ein Verkapselungsvolumen ausbildet, das durch eine innere Grenzfläche der Dichtungseinrichtung, eine innere Grenzfläche des rückseitigen Verkapselungsflächenelements und eine innere Grenzfläche des frontseitigen Verkapselungsflächenelements räumlich begrenzt ist,
• – eine Mehrzahl im Verkapselungsvolumen angeordneter und miteinander verschalteter Solarzellen, die jeweils eine Lichteintrittsfläche aufweisen, wobei die Summe aller Lichteintrittsflächen mindestens ein Viertel der inneren Grenzfläche des frontseitigen Verkapselungsflächenelements beträgt und
• – mindestens eine im Verkapselungsvolumen angeordnete optische Konzentratoreinrichtung mit einer Mehrzahl optischer Konzentratorelemente, wobei jedes optische Konzentratorelement jeweils mindestens einer der Solarzellen derart räumlich zugeordnet ist, dass die optischen Konzentratorelemente den Großteil des durch das frontseitige Verkapselungsflächenelement auf die optischen Konzentratorelemente einfallenden Lichts auf die Lichteintrittsfläche der zugeordneten Solarzelle lenkt.

For example, from the DE 298 23 351 U1 is a solar module with optical concentrator device with the following features:

• - A front-side encapsulation surface element with a circumferential front edge region;
• - A back encapsulating sheet with a circumferential rear edge region;
• An at least partially in or adjacent to the rear edge region and at least partially in or adjacent to the front edge region such arranged sealing means that an encapsulation volume forms, by an inner interface of the sealing means, an inner boundary surface of the back Verkapselungsflächenelements and an inner boundary surface of the front encapsulation surface element is spatially limited,
• A plurality of solar cells arranged in the encapsulation volume and connected to one another, each having a light entry surface, the sum of all light entry surfaces being at least one quarter of the inner boundary surface of the front encapsulation surface element, and
• At least one optical concentrator device arranged in the encapsulation volume with a plurality of optical concentrator elements, each optical concentrator element spatially associated with at least one of the solar cells such that the optical concentrator elements impinge the majority of the light incident on the optical concentrator elements by the front encapsulation surface element on the light entry surface of the associated photocell Solar cell steers.

This solar module has the disadvantage that the concentrator device is formed integrally with the front encapsulation surface element. The inside of the front glass pane has cylindrical lens-curved surface areas. These surface areas focus light, which impinges on the front glass pane in a defined angular range, onto solar cells, which are arranged at a distance from one another on a rear encapsulation area element likewise designed as a glass pane. Because of the one-piece design of front glass pane and concentrator, the front glass is essential as a special component for the encapsulation of the module.

From the DE 39 17 503 A1 is another solar module with the features described above known. Unlike the DE 298 23 351 U1 Here, the concentrator device is formed separately from the front side also formed as a glass encapsulation surface element. The concentrator device is in the form of a film-shaped holographic-optical element which is fixed on the inside of the front glass pane. However, this structure has the disadvantage that both the fixing of the concentrator device and the fixing of the front-side and the rear-side encapsulation surface element during encapsulation are associated with an adjustment process. Only if certain positional tolerances are met does the solar module with the concentrator device fulfill the desired optical properties.

DE 10 2005 047 132 A1 discloses a photovoltaic device with a transparent plate which is held by a skirt. On the acting as a primary optic transparent plate truncated pyramidal holding devices are attached to which also truncated pyramid secondary optics are attached. Primary optics and secondary optics each form a concentrator unit which focuses incident light onto a solar cell.

DE 37 41 477 A1 describes a concentrator assembly of a transparent plate to which concentrators of a first stage are attached. At the first stage, concentrators of a second stage join, each connected to a solar cell.

DE 29 24 510 A1 shows a hybrid concentrator solar cell device comprising a Fresnel lens which is cast in a first layer of acrylic glass. On the underside of the first layer, a second acrylic glass layer is cast, in which a high-performance solar cell is cast.

EP 0 199 233 A1 shows a building element for building construction with an insulating glazing, which not only act as a heat-insulating, but also to provide energy. For this purpose, at least one solar cell is arranged in the interior of the component.

US 2006/0 225 777 A1 describes a solar module, which is constructed of monolithically interconnected thin-film solar cells. These are arranged on a front glass pane and are encapsulated on the backside with a plastic film and circumferentially by means of a frame element.

DE 35 44 080 A1 shows a solar module, which is constructed by means of a front and a rear glass pane. The interposed interconnected solar cells are interposed circumferentially encapsulated at the edge by means of a U-shaped frame element.

US 2006/0235717 A1 describes a method for producing solar modules from solar cells, which are first cut into a plurality of smaller solar cells and coupled with optical concentrators to Konzentratorelementen. The electrically interconnected concentrators are encapsulated between an optically transparent front panel and a back cover.

The solar industry is under the requirement to significantly reduce the cost of a kilowatt-hour of solar power. A proven approach to doing so is to use the simplest possible and thus inexpensive optical concentrator devices. These concentrator devices usually have a light entry surface and a relatively smaller light exit surface. The light incident on the light entry surface of the concentrator device is concentrated on the smaller light exit surface. With increasing light concentration, the operating temperature of the solar cell increases, which reduces their efficiency. Therefore, depending on the conditions of use and the concentration factor, it is necessary to provide additional cooling means for the solar cells. However, these cooling devices require additional installation effort and increase the overall cost of the solar modules. Therefore, for cost optimization, concentrator devices are preferred that concentrate the incident light by less than a factor of four. With such concentrator devices, usually no additional cooling devices for the solar cells are required. Therefore, a higher electrical power can be generated from the same solar cell surface, which only requires the additional costs for production and assembly of the concentrator device.

Solar module manufacturers must regularly provide guarantees for the solar modules over periods of 20 years and more. This means that even under adverse and strongly fluctuating weather conditions, the solar modules must function reliably over these periods.

In order to meet these collected requirements in terms of cost reduction and warranty periods, it is necessary that as simple and cost-effective structures for solar modules are developed. These must be robust and durable at the same time to ensure the required guaranteed lifetime.

The present invention is therefore based on the object to provide a solar module with optical concentrator, which can be produced easier and cheaper, without thereby reducing the life of the solar module is reduced.

This object is achieved by a solar module with the features of claim 1.

According to the invention, the solar cells are optically and mechanically coupled to the concentrator device via a first optical coupling material and thereby form a hybrid concentrator-solar cell component with the concentrator device.

In the context of the present invention, the feature of optical and mechanical coupling means that the first optical coupling material ensures fixing of the solar cells to the concentrator device. This fixation has the consequence that the concentrator device and the solar cells can be prefabricated as a concentrator solar cell component. The production of the hybrid concentrator solar cell component in a separate manufacturing process therefore allows this manufacturing process to be technologically and economically optimized. In the upstream production of the concentrator solar cell component, the optimal positioning between solar cells and concentrator can be ensured. Furthermore, the individual solar cells can already be interconnected electronically on assigned carrier elements. The concentrator solar cell component can thus be designed as a non-encapsulated solar module. In this way, the use of particularly inexpensive standard components for the subsequent encapsulation of the concentrator solar cell component in the solar module is made possible. This opens up another important potential for saving costs.

The first optical coupling material provides, in addition to the mechanical coupling, the optical coupling, which represents a substantially homogeneous course of the refractive index between the optical concentrator device and the solar cell. The first optical coupling material has an optical transmission of preferably more than 90% and a refractive index of preferably more than 1.4 in the visible wavelength spectrum. It may be in the form of a thermosetting adhesive or as a gel-like fluid. Furthermore, it is selected in terms of its thermal expansion coefficient such that it mediates between the thermal expansion coefficient of the material of the solar cell and the thermal expansion coefficient of the contacted material of the concentrator.

Furthermore, a plurality of concentrator devices is provided, which forms hybrid concentrator solar cell components with more than two solar cells in each case via the first optical coupling material. In order to make the production of the entire solar module by mass production particularly economical, the hybrid concentrator solar cell components are designed substantially identical. The encapsulation volume facing the interface of the back encapsulation surface element is largely equipped in the solar module with the hybrid concentrator solar cell components.

In addition, the hybrid concentrator solar cell devices act as spacers between the front encapsulation sheet and the back encapsulation sheet. In this way, often required spacers and associated costs can be saved in the encapsulation of solar modules.

In addition, it is advantageous that the concentrator elements with their surfaces facing the front-side encapsulation surface element are optically and / or mechanically coupled to the inner boundary surface of the front-side encapsulation surface element via a second optical coupling material. As a result, reflection losses occurring at optical interfaces can be further reduced. A purely optical coupling is present if the second optical coupling material does not ensure any significant mechanical fixation of the concentrator elements on the front encapsulation surface element. A significant mechanical fixation is present when the adhesive force exerted by the second optical coupling material exceeds at least the weight of the hybrid concentrator solar cell component. With regard to the physical parameters of the coefficient of thermal expansion and the refractive index, the explanations given above for the first optical coupling material apply correspondingly.

Preferably, the variant of the solar module described above is developed such that the first optical coupling material and the second optical coupling material are formed from the same material. This leads to a further simplification in module production. In addition, the optical coupling material can compensate for thermally induced mechanical stress both between the concentrator device and the solar cell and between the concentrator device and the front encapsulant surface element.

For all embodiments of the solar module, the solar cells are advantageously designed in the form of narrow strips along a direction of extension of a monolithic wafer solar cell and arranged with their light entry surfaces substantially parallel or evenly angled to the encapsulation surface elements. Commercially available wafer solar cells having a substantially square or rectangular basic shape can be easily cut into strips whose length corresponds to the original edge length of the wafer solar cell. This requires cutting or breaking in only one spatial direction. Narrow strips in the sense of the present invention are present when the ratio of length to width is greater than 5, preferably greater than 10.

In accordance with the narrow strip-type solar cells described above, the concentrator elements are preferably designed as rib-shaped elements running along the direction of extent of the solar cells and having a trapezoidal or a curved, tapering cross-section. In the case of a substantially trapezoidal cross-section, the two edges of the trapezoid aligned parallel to one another correspond to the light entry and light exit surfaces of the concentrator element. The ratio of these two surfaces to each other represents, in a first approximation, the factor of the optical concentration. The convergent flanks of the trapezoidal concentrator element cross section are usually surrounded by air and form an optical boundary layer. Due to the lower refractive index of the air compared to the refractive index of the concentrator module, light which strikes the interface below a critical angle is totally reflected. By adapting the geometric configuration of the concentrator element cross-section, the concentrator device can be optimized for different lighting scenarios of the solar module.

The concentrator devices with the concentrator elements are advantageously made monolithically from an optical polymer. This opens up the advantage of a further cost reduction, since the concentrator devices can be produced, for example, from polymethyl methacrylate and polycarbonate by injection molding.

For a simple construction of the solar module, it is preferred that the sealing device has a sealing element that laterally encircles the encapsulation volume. The sealing device preferably consists of a single laterally encircling sealing element. Circumferentially around the circumference is defined such that the sealing element substantially in or adjacent to the rear or front edge region of the located on the rear or front encapsulation surface element.

In a first variant, the sealing element is arranged exclusively in the mutually opposite edge regions of the encapsulation surface elements and is thus located exclusively between the two encapsulation surface elements. In a second variant, the sealing element is arranged exclusively in the mutually remote edge regions of the encapsulation surface elements; d. H. the sealing element surrounds the edge regions of the encapsulation boundary in a U-shape. In a third variant, the sealing element is arranged exclusively adjacent to the edge regions and thus abuts against the edge surfaces of the encapsulation surface elements from the outside. Furthermore, a plurality of combinations of the aforementioned variants is conceivable in which a single sealing element or a plurality of sealing elements is provided. It is important for a simple, inexpensive and durable construction of the solar module that the boundary layers formed between the sealing device and the sealing surface elements represent a sufficiently large and permanently effective diffusion barrier to the penetration of moisture into the encapsulation volume.

In order to ensure a permanently effective diffusion barrier between encapsulation surface element and sealing device, an advantageous variant is to form the front-side encapsulation surface element as a glass pane. In particular, when the sealing device comprises one or more sealing elements made of isobutylene or polyisobutylene, the boundary layers between these materials and glass are permanent sufficiently high diffusion barriers to moisture.

Accordingly, the rear encapsulation surface element can advantageously be formed as a glass pane. With regard to consistent protection against moisture diffusion, interfaces of isobutylene and polyisobutylene are of similar quality to metal layers. Therefore, the back-side encapsulation surface element can advantageously also be embodied as a metal plate or as an encapsulation film. At least in the region of the sealing device, this encapsulation film has a metal layer in contact with the sealing device.

In order to permanently secure the sealing properties of the solar module, it is preferably provided that the sealing device has pressure means which compress the encapsulation surface elements and the sealing device.

In a variant, the pressure means are advantageously designed as an adhesive layer arranged adjacent to the sealing device and extending between the encapsulation surface elements. In this case, the sealing device is preferably designed as a single, adjacent to the adhesive layer arranged sealing element. In this way, a slim, frameless solar module can be realized.

A further variant for the formation of the pressure means provides that the pressure means are designed as frame elements, which surround the edge regions of the encapsulation surface elements at least in the region of the sealing device. As a result, the function of the pressure medium can be coupled with the structure of a module frame.

Further advantages and characteristics of the invention will be explained in connection with the description of specific embodiments below.

It shows:

1 a first embodiment of the solar module with optical concentrator device in a schematic cross-sectional representation not to scale;

2 a second embodiment of the solar module with optical concentrator device in a schematic cross-sectional representation not to scale;

3 a third embodiment (not belonging to the invention) of the solar module with optical concentrator means in a schematic not to scale cross-sectional representation;

4 a fourth embodiment (not belonging to the invention) of the solar module with optical concentrator device in a schematic cross-sectional representation not to scale;

5 a fifth embodiment of the solar module with optical concentrator device in a schematic cross-sectional representation not to scale;

6a an enlarged view of the in the 2 . 3 and 5 area designated as VIa;

6b an enlarged view of the in the 2 . 3 and 5 VIb labeled area and

7 a schematic not to scale cross-sectional representation of an alternative for all embodiments of the solar module concentrator.

1 shows a first embodiment of the solar module with optical concentrator device 5 in a schematic not to scale cross-sectional view. On a glass encapsulated back encapsulation surface element 2 is a plurality of flat carrier elements 7 fixed. in the 1 are only those with the first support element 7 Coupled components provided with reference numerals. Adjacent to the first carrier element 7 is another carrier element 7 provided with identically coupled components. For clarity, here and in the following 2 to 6 has been dispensed with the repetition of the reference numerals for identical components. It is emphasized that once made statements for a component, however, apply accordingly to identically designed components.

On each support element 7 in 1 are five equally sized solar cells 4 equidistant from each other. The from the back glass pane 2 opposite side of each solar cell 4 represents a light entry surface 40 dar. Each solar cell 4 is about a first optical coupling material 51 each with a substantially identical concentric element 50 optically and mechanically coupled. The five concentrator elements 50 form as preferred monolithically formed component, the optical concentrator device 5 , Each concentrator element 50 has in the cross-sectional view one of the rear glass pane 2 upwards opening trapezoidal contour. The two diverging reflection edges of the trapezoidal contour begin in the region of the first optical coupling material 51 on the outer edges of the solar cell 4 , Thus, the two divergent reflection edges in this area are in the width of the light entry surface 40 spaced. The light entry surface 40 the solar cells 4 is substantially identical in dimensions to that over the first optical coupling material 51 coupled light exit surface of the concentrator element 50 educated. The two divergent reflection edges run at the same angle to the rear glass pane 2 and form an upwardly opening funnel-shaped structure. The reflection edges of adjacent concentrator elements 50 meet each other at an acute angle. Parallel to the light exit surface of the concentrator elements 50 is a unified light entry surface for all concentrator elements 50 the concentrator device 5 intended. The light entry surface of the concentrator device 5 Finally, there is a second optical coupling material 52 optically and / or mechanically with a likewise designed as a glass pane front encapsulation surface element 1 coupled.

The front glass pane 1 and the back glass pane 2 are spaced substantially parallel to each other, the distance through which between the glass sheets 1 . 2 arranged components is defined. The on the support element 7 arranged solar cells 4 form together with the optically and mechanically to the solar cells 4 coupled optical concentrator device 5 a hybrid concentrator solar cell device. These concentrator solar cell components can be prefabricated in a separate production sequence. With the concentrator solar cell devices, the surface of the back side Verkapselungsflächenelementes 2 except for a circumferential rear edge portion 20 stocked. The individual concentrator solar cell components are still to be electrically coupled with each other. In this arrangement is then compared to the back Verkapselungsflächenelement 2 same size front encapsulation surface element 1 over the second optical coupling material 52 placed flush. Between the two encapsulation surface elements 1 . 2 An encapsulation volume V, which forms in the region of the outer edges of the encapsulation surface elements, is formed 1 . 2 with a circumferential sealing device 3 is completed.

With substantially the same dimensions are adjacent to the outer edges of the encapsulation surface elements 1 . 2 circumferential front and rear edge areas 10 . 20 provided that not with the support element 7 or the optical concentrator device 5 the hybrid concentrator solar cell components are occupied. Also from the front or rear edge area 10 . 20 the encapsulation area elements 1 . 2 are included on the outer surfaces of each encapsulation surface element 1 . 2 adjacent to the edge portions extending as far away from the edges as the inside opposite edge portions. Also the edge surfaces of the encapsulation surface elements 1 . 2 covering the outside and inside of the encapsulation surface elements 1 . 2 arranged front and back edge areas 10 . 20 interconnected, is covered by the definition of the edge region in the context of the present invention.

For the encapsulation of the solar module, it is essential that the sealing device 3 at least in sections in or adjacent to the rear edge region 20 and to the front edge area 10 Forms interfaces. There are a number of plastics such. B. butyl rubber in the form of isobutylene or polyisobutylene, the Form materials such as glass or metal permanent and sufficiently high diffusion barriers to moisture.

At the in 1 includes the sealing device 3 a sealing element 30 made of butyl rubber, which both the front edge area 10 as well as the back edge area 20 U-shaped embraces. Furthermore, the sealing device 3 lever 31 on, in the form of a frame element 311 are formed. The frame element 311 includes the sealing element 30 U-shaped and presses this simultaneously with its sealing interfaces against the edge areas 10 . 20 the encapsulation surface elements designed as glass panes 1 . 2 ,

2 shows a second embodiment of the solar module with optical concentrator device 5 in a schematic not to scale cross-sectional view. Identical components are provided with the same reference numerals. Reference is made expressly to the above remarks to avoid repetition. Unlike the first embodiment of the solar module, the sealing device 3 with a sealing element 30 formed exclusively between the front glass pane 1 and the back glass pane 2 is arranged. As pressure means of the sealing device 3 is an adhesive layer 312 provided the front and rear glass panel with compressed sealing element 30 fixed.

3 shows a third embodiment (not belonging to the invention) of the solar module. Unlike the first two embodiments, here the hybrid concentrator solar cell components do not act as spacers between the front glass pane 1 and the back glass pane 2 , For this purpose, a plurality of spacers 6 intended. Also eliminates the optical coupling between the concentrator 5 and the front glass pane 1 , According to the second embodiment, the sealing element 30 arranged exclusively between the glass panes. In contrast to the representation in 2 are the pressure means 31 similar to 1 as a frame element 311 educated.

4 shows a fourth embodiment (not belonging to the invention) of the solar module. Similar to in 3 are also spacers here 6 between front glass pane 1 and back glass 2 intended. The hybrid concentrator solar cell components are here via the second optical coupling material 52 optically and mechanically coupled with the front glass pane. The carrier elements 7 do not lie on the back glass 2 on. The sealing device 3 is according to the first embodiment of 1 built up.

5 shows a fifth embodiment of the solar module. The sealing device shown here 3 is according to the embodiment of 2 built up. Unlike in all previous embodiments, the solar cells are all here at the same acute angle to the rear glass pane 2 arranged. For this purpose are on the support elements 7 Solar cell wedges 8th arranged on which the solar cells 4 are fixed with the desired angle of attack. The over the first optical coupling material 51 optically and mechanically coupled concentrator elements 50 are perpendicular to the surface of the solar cells 4 viewed, again uniformly trapezoidal structure. The angling of the solar cells 4 is advantageous if that on the front encapsulation surface element 1 falling light for the most part in the angle range similar to the angle of attack of solar cells 4 meets the solar module.

6a shows an enlarged view of the in the 2 . 3 and 5 Area labeled VIa. The back encapsulating sheet 2 is not designed here as a glass pane but as a metal plate. This forms a metal layer 200 opposite the sealing element 30 the sealing boundary layer to the rear encapsulation surface element 2 , This variant can be used in combination with all embodiments described above.

Another alternative for the formation of the back encapsulation surface element 2 shows 6b , Unlike in all previous embodiments and their variants is the back encapsulation surface element 2 here designed as a laminate. At least on the encapsulation volume V and facing surface, the encapsulation surface element in turn has a metal layer 200 on. This metal layer 200 is fixed as a thin film or as a laminated metal foil on an underlying polymer film. With comparable encapsulation properties, such a laminate offers a significantly lower weight than a glass pane or a metal plate.

7 shows a schematic not to scale cross-sectional representation of an alternative for all the preceding embodiments of the solar module concentrator device 5 , The reflection edges of the individual concentrator elements 50 have no rectilinear but mirror-symmetrically opposed curved reflection edges. It is clear to the person skilled in the art that the optical properties of the concentrator device 5 to be adapted to the respective lighting conditions of the solar module. For a variety of geometries for statically installed concentrator devices can be used.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Front-side encapsulation surface element

10

Front edge area

2

back encapsulation sheet

20

back edge area

200

metal layer

3

seal means

30

sealing element

31

lever

310

adhesive layer

311

frame elements

4

solar cell

40

Light entry surface of a solar cell

5

concentrator

50

concentrator

51

first optical coupling material

52

second optical coupling material

6

spacers

7

support element

8th

Solar cells Wedge

V

encapsulating volume

Claims (13)

Solar module with optical concentrator device comprising: - a front encapsulation surface element ( 1 ) with a circumferential front edge area ( 10 ); A back encapsulating sheet ( 2 ) with a circumferential rear edge region ( 20 ); An at least in sections in or adjacent to the rear edge region ( 20 ) and at least partially in or adjacent to the front edge area ( 10 ) so arranged sealing device ( 3 ), that an encapsulation volume (V) is formed, which passes through an inner interface of the sealing device ( 3 ), an inner interface of the backside encapsulation sheet ( 2 ) and an inner interface of the front encapsulation sheet ( 1 ) is spatially limited, - a plurality in the encapsulation volume (V) arranged and interconnected solar cells ( 4 ), each having a light entry surface ( 40 ), wherein the sum of all light entry surfaces ( 40 ) at least a quarter of the inner boundary surface of the front encapsulation surface element ( 1 ) and - at least one in the encapsulation volume (V) arranged optical concentrator device ( 5 ) having a plurality separate from the encapsulation surface elements ( 1 . 2 ) formed optical concentrator elements ( 50 ), each optical concentrator element ( 50 ) at least one of the solar cells ( 4 ) is spatially associated such that the optical concentrator elements ( 50 ) the majority of through the front encapsulation surface element ( 1 ) to the optical concentrator elements ( 50 ) incident light on the light entry surface ( 40 ) of the associated solar cell ( 4 ), characterized in that the solar cells ( 4 ) via a first optical coupling material ( 51 ) with the concentrator device ( 5 ) are optically and mechanically coupled and thereby with the concentrator device ( 5 ) form a hybrid concentrator solar cell device, wherein a plurality of concentrator devices ( 5 ), each with more than two solar cells ( 4 ) over the first optical coupling material ( 51 ) form hybrid concentrator solar cell components and the hybrid concentrator solar cell components as spacers between the front encapsulation surface element ( 1 ) and the rear encapsulating sheet ( 2 ) Act. Solar module according to claim 1, characterized in that the concentrator elements ( 50 ) with their front encapsulation surface element ( 1 ) facing surfaces via a second optical coupling material ( 52 ) optically and / or mechanically with the inner boundary surface of the front encapsulation surface element ( 1 ) are coupled. Solar module according to claim 2, characterized in that the first optical coupling material ( 51 ) and the second optical coupling material ( 52 ) are formed of the same material. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solar cells ( 4 ) in the form of narrow strips along a direction of extension of a monolithic wafer solar cell and with their light entry surfaces ( 40 ) substantially parallel or evenly angled relative to the encapsulation surface elements ( 1 . 2 ) are arranged. Solar module according to claim 4, characterized in that the concentrator elements ( 50 ) than along the direction of extent of the solar cells ( 4 ), rib-shaped elements are formed with a trapezoidal or a curved tapered cross-section. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the concentrator devices ( 5 ) with the concentrator elements ( 50 ) are monolithically made of an optical polymer. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing device ( 3 ) a the encapsulation volume (V) laterally encircling sealing element ( 30 ) having. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the front-side encapsulation surface element ( 1 ) is designed as a glass pane. Solar module according to claim 8, characterized in that the rear encapsulating surface element ( 2 ) is designed as a glass sheet, as a metal plate or as an encapsulation film. Solar module according to claim 9, characterized in that the encapsulation film formed as the back encapsulation surface element ( 2 ) at least in the region of the sealing device ( 3 ) one with the sealing device ( 3 ) in contact metal layer ( 200 ) having. Solar module according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing device ( 3 ) Pressure medium ( 31 ) comprising the encapsulating sheets ( 1 . 2 ) and the sealing device ( 3 ) compress. Solar module according to claim 11, characterized in that the pressure means ( 31 ) as one adjacent to the sealing device ( 3 ) between the encapsulation surface elements ( 1 . 2 ) extending adhesive layer ( 310 ) are formed. Solar module according to claim 11, characterized in that the pressure means ( 31 ) as frame elements ( 311 ) are formed, which the edge regions ( 10 . 20 ) of the encapsulation surface elements ( 1 . 2 ) at least in the region of the sealing element ( 30 ) embrace.

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