WO2013082909A1 - 一种活塞式砂浆泵及其泵送系统 - Google Patents

一种活塞式砂浆泵及其泵送系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013082909A1
WO2013082909A1 PCT/CN2012/074046 CN2012074046W WO2013082909A1 WO 2013082909 A1 WO2013082909 A1 WO 2013082909A1 CN 2012074046 W CN2012074046 W CN 2012074046W WO 2013082909 A1 WO2013082909 A1 WO 2013082909A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
pumping system
cylinder
chamber
mortar pump
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2012/074046
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑云
杨鑫
夏凌枫
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hunan Sany Intelligent Control Equipment Co Ltd
Sany Heavy Industry Co Ltd
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Hunan Sany Intelligent Control Equipment Co Ltd
Sany Heavy Industry Co Ltd
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Application filed by Hunan Sany Intelligent Control Equipment Co Ltd, Sany Heavy Industry Co Ltd filed Critical Hunan Sany Intelligent Control Equipment Co Ltd
Publication of WO2013082909A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013082909A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
    • F04B9/08—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid
    • F04B9/10—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid
    • F04B9/103—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having only one pumping chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B15/00—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
    • F04B15/02—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts the fluids being viscous or non-homogeneous

Definitions

  • Piston type mortar pump and pumping system The present application claims to be Chinese patent issued on December 5, 2011, the application number is 201110399119.7, and the invention name is "a piston type mortar pump and its pumping system" Priority of the application, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • the invention relates to the technical field of construction machinery, and in particular to a pumping system for a piston type mortar pump.
  • the invention also relates to a piston type mortar pump comprising the above described pumping system.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a pumping system in a typical piston mortar pump.
  • the pumping system includes a main cylinder 12 having a main piston therein, the delivery piston is located in the delivery cylinder 14, and the delivery piston is coupled to the main piston through the piston rod and is capable of being disposed within the delivery cylinder 14.
  • the conveying cylinder 14 is mounted on the chassis of the piston mortar pump through the mounting frame 15; the end of the conveying cylinder 14 has a ball valve chamber 16, the ball valve chamber 16 is provided with a discharge ball valve and a suction ball valve, and the ball valve chamber 16 is discharged through the discharge.
  • the ball valve is selectively in communication with a discharge port 17 that is selectively in communication with the suction port 18 via a suction ball valve.
  • this kind of pumping system can not discharge during the process of sucking, and can not absorb the material during the discharging process, and can not realize the simultaneous discharge of the material, and the return time of the piston is long, and the continuous pump cannot be realized. Send, affect the working continuity of the piston mortar pump.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a pumping system for a piston type mortar pump, which can simultaneously discharge materials during the suction process, thereby improving the pumping continuity of the pumping system and ensuring the piston type.
  • the continuous operation of the mortar pump further improves the performance of the piston mortar pump.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a piston type mortar pump including the above pumping system.
  • the present invention provides a pumping system for a piston type mortar pump, comprising a delivery cylinder having a delivery piston and a piston rod, the piston rod being coupled to a power unit of the pumping system, the conveying
  • the rodless cavity of the cylinder communicates with the feed port through the feed check valve, and further includes a compensation cylinder with a compensation piston, the compensation piston separating the compensation cylinder into a discharge chamber and a buffer chamber, the discharge chamber
  • the rodless cavity of the delivery cylinder communicates with the discharge chamber through a discharge check valve
  • the buffer cavity communicates with the rod cavity of the delivery cylinder to form a closed cavity.
  • the buffer chamber and the closed cavity formed by the rod cavity are filled with a pressure buffering buffer.
  • the pressure transmitting buffer medium is water.
  • the discharge opening is provided at the end of the discharge chamber.
  • the discharge opening is tapered in the discharge direction.
  • the feed check valve and the discharge check valve are ball valves.
  • a sealing member is mounted between the compensation cylinder and the compensation piston, between the delivery cylinder and the delivery piston.
  • the buffer chamber is in communication with a tail portion of the rod chamber of the delivery cylinder.
  • the power device of the pumping system is a power cylinder, and the piston is fixedly connected to the power piston of the power cylinder.
  • a first proximity switch and a second proximity switch are disposed along the telescopic direction of the power cylinder, and the two proximity switches are respectively located at extreme positions of the reciprocating motion of the power piston.
  • the present invention also provides a piston type mortar pump comprising a chassis and a pumping system mounted on the chassis, the pumping system being a pumping system as described above.
  • the power device drives the conveying piston to move in the direction of the rod cavity of the conveying cylinder, the pressure in the rodless chamber of the conveying cylinder is reduced, and the rod chamber of the conveying cylinder is reduced.
  • the pressure inside is increased, and the feed check valve is opened under the negative pressure of the rodless chamber.
  • the discharge check valve is closed, and the material is sucked into the rodless cavity of the delivery cylinder through the feed port, and at the same time, under the action of the positive pressure of the rod cavity of the delivery cylinder, the compensation piston moves to the side of the discharge chamber.
  • the power unit drives the conveying piston to move in the direction of the rodless cavity of the conveying cylinder, the pressure in the rodless chamber of the conveying cylinder increases, and the rod chamber pressure decreases, under the action of the positive pressure of the rodless chamber.
  • the feed check valve is closed, the discharge check valve is opened, the material in the rodless cavity of the transfer cylinder enters the discharge chamber of the compensation cylinder, and at the same time, the negative pressure of the rod chamber in the delivery cylinder and the material are given to the compensation piston
  • the compensation piston moves to the side of the buffer chamber; because the delivery cylinder has the piston rod in the rod cavity, when the delivery piston is in motion, the volume of the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the delivery cylinder There is a certain difference in the amount of change, and the buffer chamber communicates with the rod cavity of the delivery cylinder to form a volume of the closed cavity. Therefore, a part of the mortar discharged from the delivery cylinder is stored in the discharge cavity of the compensation cylinder.
  • the other part is discharged through the discharge port, and the amount of discharged material is approximately equal to the volume of the piston rod that protrudes into the rod cavity.
  • the conveying piston is reversed, and the pressure of the rod chamber is increased, thereby pushing the compensating piston to move toward the discharge opening, and discharging the material stored in the discharge chamber of the compensation cylinder.
  • the pumping system can simultaneously discharge the material during the suction process, thereby improving the pumping continuity of the pumping system and ensuring Continuous operation of the piston mortar pump.
  • the hydraulic driving method makes the discharge pressure of the compensating piston change according to the change of the conveying load, so that the compensation function can be realized normally under the condition that the load frequently changes, thereby improving the working performance of the piston mortar pump.
  • the pumping system of the present invention has a buffer chamber, a first connecting tube, and a rod chamber of the delivery cylinder filled with a pressure transmitting buffer medium.
  • These pressure-absorbing buffer media are capable of transmitting pressure and buffering the large pressure during the suction and discharge process to protect the compensating piston.
  • these pressure-absorbing buffer media have the function of lubricating the piston and dissipating the heat generated by the piston during the reciprocating motion.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a pumping system in a typical piston type mortar pump
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of a specific embodiment of a pumping system for a piston type mortar pump according to the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the pumping system of Figure 2 in a front view; 4 is a schematic structural view of the AA direction of FIG. 3.
  • the core of the invention is to provide a pumping system for a piston type mortar pump, which can simultaneously discharge materials during the suction process, thereby improving the pumping continuity of the pumping system and ensuring the piston.
  • the continuous operation of the mortar pump improves the performance of the piston mortar pump.
  • Another core of the present invention is to provide a piston type mortar pump including the above described pumping system.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a specific embodiment of a pumping system for a piston type mortar pump according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a front view of the pumping system of FIG. Schematic diagram of the direction of the structure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the AA direction of FIG.
  • the pumping system provided by the present invention is used in a piston type mortar pump, and the pumping system is mounted on a chassis of the piston type mortar pump, including a power unit and a delivery cylinder 3, and a power unit.
  • the power cylinder 2 the power device can also be other mechanical forms such as a crank linkage mechanism.
  • a power piston 21 is disposed in the power cylinder 2, and a delivery piston 31 is disposed in the delivery cylinder 3.
  • the power piston 21 is fixedly connected to the delivery piston 31 through a piston rod, and the delivery piston 31 divides the delivery cylinder 3 into a rod cavity 32 and a rodless rod. Cavity 33.
  • the pressure oil in the external power source is pumped to the power cylinder 2, and the power piston 21 reciprocates in the axial direction of the power cylinder 2 under the action of the pressure oil.
  • the end of the rodless cavity 33 of the delivery cylinder 3 forms a ball valve chamber 4, which is a cavity whose inner cross-sectional area is larger than the outlet cross-sectional area in the same direction, and the ball valve chamber 4 has a feed check valve 41 and a one-way valve 42, wherein the feed check valve 41 is located at a position of the ball valve chamber 4 near the feed port 102, and the discharge check valve 42 is located at a position of the ball valve chamber 4 near the discharge port 101;
  • the discharge check valve may be a ball valve, and the feed check valve 41 is disposed below the discharge check valve 42.
  • the pumping system further includes a compensation cylinder 5, and the compensation cylinder 5 is provided with a compensation piston 51.
  • the compensation piston 51 divides the compensation cylinder 5 into a discharge chamber 52 and a buffer chamber 53, and the discharge chamber 52 communicates with the discharge port 101.
  • the rodless chamber 33 of the delivery cylinder 3 passes through the discharge check valve 42 and the discharge chamber. 52 is connected, and the buffer chamber 53 communicates with the rod cavity 32 of the delivery cylinder 3 to form a closed cavity.
  • the buffer chamber 53 can communicate with the tail portion of the rod chamber 32 of the delivery cylinder 3, so that the delivery piston 31 can be moved to the tail of the delivery cylinder 3 during the suction process, thereby increasing the movement stroke of the delivery piston 31.
  • the tail of the rod cavity 32 means conveying
  • the cylinder 3 is axially away from one end of the discharge port 101.
  • the buffer chamber 53 is not limited to be in communication with the tail portion of the rod chamber 32 of the delivery cylinder 3, but may also be in communication with the central portion of the delivery cylinder 3. At this time, in order to ensure the formation of the sealed chamber, it is necessary to lengthen the length of the delivery cylinder 3 to achieve The pumping amount of the above structure is the same.
  • the discharge port 101 is disposed at the end of the discharge chamber 52, and the buffer chamber 53 and the rod chamber of the delivery cylinder 3
  • the end of the rodless chamber 33 is the end of the rodless chamber 33 remote from the rod chamber 32.
  • the pumping system provided by the invention can be mounted on the chassis through the mounting bracket 9 or directly on the chassis; the pumping system can be detachably mounted on the chassis by bolting or the like, or can be used in the field. Other commonly used fixed connection methods, such as welding.
  • the power unit drives the conveying piston 31 to move toward the rod chamber 32 of the conveying cylinder 3, and the pressure in the rodless chamber 33 of the conveying cylinder 3 is reduced, and the conveying is performed.
  • the pressure of the rod chamber 32 of the cylinder 3 is increased.
  • the feed check valve 41 is opened, the discharge check valve 42 is closed, and the material is sucked into the delivery cylinder 3 through the feed port 102.
  • the compensating piston 51 moves to the side of the discharge chamber 52.
  • the power unit drives the delivery piston 31 to move toward the rodless chamber 33 of the delivery cylinder 3, the pressure in the rodless chamber 33 of the delivery cylinder 3 increases, and the pressure in the rod chamber 32 decreases, in the rodless chamber.
  • the feed check valve 41 is closed, the discharge check valve 42 is opened, and the material in the rodless chamber 33 of the transfer cylinder 3 enters the discharge chamber 52 of the compensation cylinder 5, and at the same time,
  • the buffer chamber 53 has a rod with the conveying cylinder 3
  • a part of the mortar discharged from the transfer cylinder 3 is stored in the compensation cylinder 5, and the other part is discharged through the discharge port 101, and the amount of discharged material is substantially equal to that extending into the rod cavity.
  • the volume of the piston rod in 32 When the pumping system continues to suck, the conveying piston is reversed, and the pressure of the rod cylinder is increased, thereby pushing the compensating piston to move toward the discharge opening, and discharging the material stored in the compensation cylinder.
  • the material stored in the compensation cylinder passes through the discharge port.
  • the pumping system can simultaneously discharge the material during the suction process, thereby improving the pumping continuity of the pumping system and ensuring the continuous operation of the piston mortar pump.
  • the hydraulic driving mode is adopted, so that the discharge pressure of the compensating piston 51 can be changed according to the change of the conveying load, so that the compensation function can be normally realized under the condition that the load frequently changes, thereby improving the working performance of the piston mortar pump. .
  • the buffer chamber 53 of the compensating cylinder 5 and the rod chamber 32 of the transfer cylinder 3 may communicate with each other through the first connecting pipe 6. In this way, it is not necessary to machine the connection structure on the compensation cylinder 5 or the cylinder of the delivery cylinder 3, which reduces the processing difficulty of the cylinder; meanwhile, since the length of the first connection pipe 6 can be determined as needed, the compensation cylinder 5 and the transportation are made.
  • the distance between the cylinders 3 is not limited.
  • the first connecting pipe 6 may be a straight pipe or a curved pipe, and the specific structural shape thereof may be determined according to the use requirements.
  • the first connecting pipe 6 may be of a length-adjustable structure, for example in the form of a casing or a material that can be bent, in order to adjust the first connection according to the distance and positional relationship between the compensating cylinder 5 and the conveying cylinder 3.
  • the tube 6 is in an optimally connected state, improving the applicability of the first connecting pipe 6.
  • the material of the first connecting pipe 6 may be various metal materials or rubber materials or the like.
  • the discharge chamber 52 of the compensating cylinder 5 and the ball valve chamber 4 can communicate with each other through the second connecting pipe 7. Since the use of the first connecting pipe 6 and the second connecting pipe 7 are both connecting the two cavities, the selection of the structure, shape and the like of the second connecting pipe 7 can refer to the relevant content of the first connecting pipe 6 described above. This will not be repeated here.
  • first connecting pipe 6 and the second connecting pipe 7 are not relevant, that is, the second connecting pipe 7 may be used when the first connecting pipe 6 is used, or the second connecting pipe may not be used. 7, the use of the two is independent.
  • the pumping system provided by the present invention has a buffer chamber 53, a first connecting tube 6 and a rod chamber 32 of the conveying cylinder 3 filled with a pressure-absorbing buffer medium; when the first connecting tube 6 is not provided, the buffer chamber 53 and the conveying cylinder The rod chamber 32 of 3 is connected to form a closed chamber filled with a pressure transmitting buffer medium. These pressures are slow.
  • the blasting medium is capable of transmitting pressure and buffering a large pressure during the suction and discharge process to protect the compensating piston 51.
  • the pressure transmitting buffer medium has the function of lubricating the piston and dissipating the heat generated by the piston during the reciprocating motion.
  • the pressure transmitting buffer medium may be water. Water as a pressure transmitting medium can transmit pressure better, and the cost is low, and it can be reused. Obviously, the pressure-transfer buffer medium is not limited to water, and may be other liquid or gas medium capable of transmitting pressure, such as air or hydraulic oil.
  • the above sealing member 8 is a variety of sealing members conventionally used in the art.
  • the discharge port 101 of the pumping system provided by the present invention may be disposed at the end of the discharge chamber 52.
  • the discharge port 101 is tapered along the discharge direction, that is, along the axial direction of the compensation cylinder 5, and the inner diameter of the discharge port 101 near the compensation piston 51 is larger than the inner diameter of the compensation piston 51.
  • the tapered discharge port 101 has a certain throttle retention function, which improves the ability of the compensation cylinder 5 to store materials.
  • a first proximity switch 91 and a second proximity switch 92 may be disposed along the telescopic direction of the power cylinder 2, and the two proximity switches are respectively located at the limit positions of the reciprocating motion of the power piston 21, so that the commutation of the cylinder is realized by the proximity switch.
  • the impact of the power cylinder 2 during the commutation process is effectively reduced, and the commutation stability of the power cylinder 2 is improved.
  • the first proximity switch 91 and the second proximity switch 92 described above can be mounted at corresponding positions of the mounting bracket 9.
  • the first proximity switch 91 and the second proximity switch 92 may be various light sensors or displacement sensors or the like which are conventionally used in the art.
  • the pumping system provided by the present invention may also include a variable displacement pump to achieve stepless adjustment of the pumping displacement.
  • a variable displacement pump to achieve stepless adjustment of the pumping displacement.
  • it is not limited to the stepless adjustment of the pumping displacement in the form of a variable pump, and the stepless adjustment of the pumping displacement can be realized by using a quantitative pump plus a speed regulating valve.
  • the present invention also provides a piston type slurry pump including the above-mentioned pumping system.
  • a piston type slurry pump including the above-mentioned pumping system.
  • the pumping system provided by the present invention is used for a piston type mortar pump.
  • Pumping system therefore, the materials described in the text generally refer to mortar or concrete, and of course, the possibility of being discharged into other types of materials.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

一种活塞式砂浆泵的泵送系统，包括内置有输送活塞（31）以及活塞杆的输送缸（3），活塞杆与泵送系统的动力装置连接，输送缸（3）的无杆腔（33）通过进料单向阀（41）与进料口（102）连通，还包括内置有补偿活塞（51）的补偿缸（5），补偿活塞（51）将补偿缸（5）分隔成出料腔（52）和缓冲腔（53），出料腔（52）与出料口（101）连通，输送缸（3）的无杆腔（33）通过出料单向阀（42）与出料腔（52）连通，缓冲腔（53）与输送缸（3）的有杆腔（32）连通形成封闭腔体。这样，当输送缸（3）处于吸料行程时，补偿缸（5）中储存的物料通过出料口（101）排出，泵送系统在吸料过程中能够同时进行排料，从而提高了泵送系统的泵送连续性，保证了活塞式砂浆泵的连续工作。

Description

一种活塞式砂浆泵及其泵送系统 本申请要求于 2011 年 12 月 05 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201110399119.7、 发明名称为"一种活塞式砂浆泵及其泵送系统"的中国专 利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及工程机械技术领域， 特别涉及一种用于活塞式砂浆泵的泵 送系统。 本发明还涉及一种包括上述泵送系统的活塞式砂浆泵。
背景技术
随着我国经济建设的快速发展， 市场对于物料泵送设备的需求日益增 大。 活塞式砂浆泵以其较强的耐磨性能和较高的工作效率， 在物料泵送作 业中得到了较为广泛的应用。
请参考图 1 , 图 1为一种典型的活塞式砂浆泵中泵送系统的结构示意 图。
在一种典型的活塞式砂浆泵中， 其泵送系统包括内部具有主活塞的主 油缸 12, 输送活塞位于输送缸 14内， 输送活塞与主活塞通过活塞杆连接， 并能够在输送缸 14内往复运动，输送缸 14通过安装架 15安装在活塞式砂 浆泵的底盘上； 输送缸 14的末端具有球阀腔 16, 球阀腔 16内设有排料球 阀和吸料球阀， 球阀腔 16通过排料球阀与排料口 17可选择地连通， 球阀 腔 16通过吸料球阀与吸料口 18可选择地连通。当主油缸 12驱动输送活塞 向输送缸的有杆腔方向运动时，输送缸 14无杆腔内的压力减小，吸料球阀 在重力和有杆腔压力减小的作用下关闭， 此时， 排料球阀因有杆腔压力减 小而打开， 砂浆通过吸料口吸入到输送缸 14的无杆腔内， 完成吸料过程； 当输送活塞向反方向运动时， 有杆腔的压力增加， 吸料球阀关闭， 排料球 阀打开， 输送缸 14中的物料通过排料口 17排出； 重复上述过程， 完成活 塞式砂浆泵的吸料排料过程。
但是， 该种泵送系统在吸料的过程中无法排料， 在排料的过程中又无 法吸料， 无法实现吸料排料的同时进行， 而活塞的回程时间较长， 无法实 现连续泵送， 影响活塞式砂浆泵的工作连续性。
因此， 如何使得活塞式砂浆泵的泵送系统在吸料过程中能够同时进行 排料， 以提高泵送系统的泵送连续性， 保证活塞式砂浆泵的连续工作， 提 高活塞式砂浆泵的工作性能， 就成为本领域技术人员亟须解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于活塞式砂浆泵的泵送系统， 该泵送系统 在吸料过程中能够同时进行排料， 从而提高了泵送系统的泵送连续性， 保 证了活塞式砂浆泵的连续工作， 进而提高了活塞式砂浆泵的工作性能。 本 发明的另一目的是提供一种包括上述泵送系统的活塞式砂浆泵。
为实现上述的目的， 本发明提供一种活塞式砂浆泵的泵送系统， 包括 内置有输送活塞以及活塞杆的输送缸， 所述活塞杆与所述泵送系统的动力 装置连接， 所述输送缸的无杆腔通过进料单向阀与进料口连通， 还包括内 置有补偿活塞的补偿缸， 所述补偿活塞将所述补偿缸分隔成出料腔和緩沖 腔， 所述出料腔与出料口连通， 所述输送缸的无杆腔通过出料单向阀与所 述出料腔连通， 所述緩沖腔与所述输送缸的有杆腔连通形成封闭腔体。
优选地， 所述緩沖腔与所述有杆腔形成的封闭腔体内充满传压緩沖介 优选地， 所述传压緩沖介质为水。
优选地， 出料口设置于所述出料腔的末端。
优选地， 所述出料口沿出料方向渐缩。
优选地， 所述进料单向阀、 所述出料单向阀为球阀。
优选地， 所述补偿缸与所述补偿活塞之间、 所述输送缸与所述输送活 塞之间安装有密封元件。
优选地， 所述緩沖腔与所述输送缸的有杆腔的尾部相连通。
优选地， 所述泵送系统的动力装置为动力油缸， 所述活塞^ ^干与所述动 力油缸的动力活塞固定连接。
优选地， 沿所述动力油缸的伸缩方向设置有第一接近开关和第二接近 开关， 两接近开关分别位于所述动力活塞往复运动的极限位置。
本发明还提供一种活塞式砂浆泵， 包括底盘和安装在所述底盘上的泵 送系统， 所述泵送系统为如上所述的泵送系统。
在活塞式砂浆泵的工作过程中， 泵送系统吸料时， 动力装置驱动输送 活塞向输送缸的有杆腔方向运动， 输送缸的无杆腔内的压力减小， 输送缸 的有杆腔内的压力增加， 在无杆腔的负压力的作用下， 进料单向阀打开， 排料单向阀关闭， 物料通过进料口吸入到输送缸的无杆腔内， 同时， 在输 送缸的有杆腔正压力的作用下， 补偿活塞向出料腔一侧移动。 泵送系统排 料时， 动力装置驱动输送活塞向输送缸的无杆腔方向运动， 输送缸的无杆 腔内的压力增加， 有杆腔压力减小， 在无杆腔的正压力的作用下， 进料单 向阀关闭， 排料单向阀打开， 输送缸的无杆腔内的物料进入补偿缸的出料 腔中， 同时， 在输送缸的有杆腔负压力以及物料给补偿活塞靠出料腔一侧 的压力的共同作用下， 补偿活塞向緩沖腔一侧移动； 由于输送缸有杆腔中 活塞杆的存在， 输送活塞在运动时， 输送缸无杆腔和有杆腔的体积变化量 存在一定的差值， 而所述緩沖腔与所述输送缸的有杆腔连通形成封闭腔体 的容积不变， 因此，从输送缸排出的砂浆一部分储存在补偿缸的出料腔内， 另一部分通过出料口排出， 排出的物料量大致相等于伸入有杆腔中的活塞 杆的体积。 当泵送系统继续吸料时， 输送活塞换向， 输送缸有杆腔的压力 增加， 从而推动补偿活塞向靠近排料口的方向运动， 将储存在补偿缸的出 料腔内的物料排出。
这样， 当输送缸处于吸料行程时， 补偿缸中储存的物料通过出料口排 出， 泵送系统在吸料过程中能够同时进行排料， 从而提高了泵送系统的泵 送连续性， 保证了活塞式砂浆泵的连续工作。
同时， 采用液压驱动的方式， 使得补偿活塞的排料压力可以根据输送 负载的变化而变化，使得补偿功能在负载频繁变化的情况下仍可正常实现， 进而提高了活塞式砂浆泵的工作性能。
在一种优选方式中， 本发明所提供的泵送系统， 其緩沖腔、 第一连接 管以及输送缸的有杆腔内充满传压緩沖介质。 这些传压緩沖介质既能够传 递压力， 又能够緩沖吸排料过程中较大的压力， 保护补偿活塞， 同时这些 传压緩沖介质具有润滑活塞和散发活塞在往复运动过程中产生的热量的作 用。
附图说明
图 1为一种典型的活塞式砂浆泵中泵送系统的结构示意图；
图 2为本发明所提供的用于活塞式砂浆泵的泵送系统一种具体实施方 式的立体图；
图 3为图 2所示泵送系统在主视方向的结构示意图； 图 4为图 3中 A-A方向的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明的核心是提供一种用于活塞式砂浆泵的泵送系统， 该泵送系统 的在吸料过程中能够同时进行排料， 从而提高了泵送系统的泵送连续性， 保证了活塞式砂浆泵的连续工作， 进而提高了活塞式砂浆泵的工作性能。 本发明的另一核心是提供一种包括上述泵送系统的活塞式砂浆泵。
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案， 下面结合附 图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
请参考图 2、 图 3和图 4; 图 2为本发明所提供的用于活塞式砂浆泵的 泵送系统一种具体实施方式的立体图； 图 3为图 2所示泵送系统在主视方 向的结构示意图； 图 4为图 3中 A-A方向的结构示意图。
在一种具体实施方式中， 本发明所提供的泵送系统用于活塞式砂浆泵 中， 该泵送系统安装于所述活塞式砂浆泵的底盘上， 包括动力装置和输送 缸 3 ,动力装置具体为动力油缸 2,动力装置也可为其他机械形式如曲柄连 杆机构等。 动力油缸 2内设置有动力活塞 21 , 输送缸 3内设置有输送活塞 31 ,动力活塞 21通过活塞杆与输送活塞 31固定连接， 并输送活塞 31将输 送缸 3分隔成有杆腔 32和无杆腔 33。 外部动力油源中的压力油泵送至动 力油缸 2, 动力活塞 21在压力油的作用下沿动力油缸 2的轴向往复运动。 输送缸 3的无杆腔 33的末端形成球阀腔 4, 球阀腔 4是指其内部横截面面 积大于同方向的出口横截面面积的腔体， 球阀腔 4 内具有进料单向阀 41 和出料单向阀 42, 其中， 进料单向阀 41位于球阀腔 4靠近进料口 102的 位置， 出料单向阀 42位于球阀腔 4靠近出料口 101的位置； 上述进料单向 阀和出料单向阀可以均为球阀， 并将进料单向阀 41设置于出料单向阀 42 的下方； 该泵送系统还包括补偿缸 5 , 该补偿缸 5内设置有补偿活塞 51 , 该补偿活塞 51将补偿缸 5分隔成出料腔 52和緩沖腔 53 , 出料腔 52与出 料口 101连通，输送缸 3的无杆腔 33通过出料单向阀 42与出料腔 52连通， 緩沖腔 53与输送缸 3的有杆腔 32连通形成封闭腔体。
进一步的，上述緩沖腔 53可以与输送缸 3的有杆腔 32的尾部相连通， 这样，在吸料过程中输送活塞 31能够运动至输送缸 3的尾部，从而增加输 送活塞 31的运动行程， 使得物料泵送量更多。 有杆腔 32的尾部是指输送 缸 3在轴向上远离出料口 101的一端。
緩沖腔 53也不局限于与输送缸 3的有杆腔 32的尾部连通， 也可以与 输送缸 3的中部连通， 此时， 为了保证形成密封腔体， 需要加长输送缸 3 的长度才能达到与上述结构相同的泵送量。
出料口 101设置于出料腔 52的末端， 緩沖腔 53与输送缸 3的有杆腔
32连通。
上述无杆腔 33的末端是指无杆腔 33的远离有杆腔 32的一端。
本发明所提供的泵送系统可以通过安装架 9安装在底盘上， 也可以直 接安装在底盘上； 泵送系统可以通过螺栓连接等方式可拆装地安装在底盘 上， 也可以通过本领域中其他常用的固定连接方式连接， 例如焊接等。
在活塞式砂浆泵的工作过程中， 泵送系统吸料时， 动力装置驱动输送 活塞 31向输送缸 3的有杆腔 32方向运动，输送缸 3的无杆腔 33内的压力 减小， 输送缸 3的有杆腔 32压力增加， 在无杆腔 33的负压力的作用下， 进料单向阀 41打开， 排料单向阀 42关闭， 物料通过进料口 102吸入到输 送缸 3的无杆腔 33内， 同时， 在输送缸 3的有杆腔 32正压力的作用下， 补偿活塞 51向出料腔 52—侧移动。 泵送系统排料时， 动力装置驱动输送 活塞 31向输送缸 3的无杆腔 33方向运动，输送缸 3的无杆腔 33内的压力 增加， 有杆腔 32压力减小， 在无杆腔 33的正压力的作用下， 进料单向阀 41关闭， 排料单向阀 42打开， 输送缸 3的无杆腔 33内的物料进入补偿缸 5的出料腔 52中， 同时， 在输送缸 3的有杆腔 32负压力的作用以及物料 给补偿活塞 51靠出料腔 52—侧的压力共同作用下，补偿活塞 51向緩沖腔 53—侧移动； 由于输送缸 3的有杆腔 32中活塞杆的存在， 输送活塞在运 动时， 输送缸 3的无杆腔 33和有杆腔 32的体积变化量存在一定的差值， 而所述緩沖腔 53与所述输送缸 3的有杆腔 32连通形成封闭腔体的容积不 变， 因此， 从输送缸 3排出的砂浆一部分储存在补偿缸 5内， 另一部分通 过出料口 101排出，排出的物料量大致相等于伸入有杆腔 32中的活塞杆的 体积。 当泵送系统继续吸料时， 输送活塞换向， 输送缸有杆腔的压力增加， 从而推动补偿活塞向靠近排料口的方向运动， 将储存在补偿缸内的物料排 出。
这样， 当输送缸处于吸料行程时， 补偿缸中储存的物料通过出料口排 出， 泵送系统在吸料过程中能够同时进行排料， 从而提高了泵送系统的泵 送连续性， 保证了活塞式砂浆泵的连续工作。 同时， 采用液压驱动的方式， 使得补偿活塞 51的排料压力可以根据输送负载的变化而变化，使得补偿功 能在负载频繁变化的情况下仍可正常实现， 进而提高了活塞式砂浆泵的工 作性能。
在上述具体实施方式中， 补偿缸 5的緩沖腔 53与输送缸 3的有杆腔 32之间可以通过第一连接管 6连通。 这样， 不需要在补偿缸 5或者输送缸 3 的缸体上加工出连接结构， 降低了缸体的加工难度； 同时， 由于第一连 接管 6的长度可以根据需要确定， 使得补偿缸 5和输送缸 3之间的距离不 受局限。
上述第一连接管 6可以为直管， 也可以为弯管， 其具体结构形状可以 根据使用要求自行确定。 第一连接管 6可以为长度可调节的结构， 例如加 工成套管的形式或者使用能够弯折的材料等方式， 以便根据补偿缸 5和输 送缸 3之间的距离和位置关系， 调节第一连接管 6至最佳连接状态， 提高 了第一连接管 6的适用性。
由于第一连接管 6处于物料输送缸 3之间的连接部件， 要求其具有较 好的耐磨性能， 因此， 第一连接管 6的材料可以为各种金属材料或者橡胶 材料等。
上述补偿缸 5的出料腔 52与球阀腔 4之间可以通过第二连接管 7连通。 由于第一连接管 6和第二连接管 7的用途都是连接两个腔体， 因此， 第二 连接管 7的结构、 形状等方面的选择可以参考上述第一连接管 6的相关内 容， 在此不再赘述。
显然地，第一连接管 6和第二连接管 7两者之间的使用不具有相关性， 也即使用第一连接管 6时可以使用第二连接管 7 , 也可以不使用第二连接 管 7, 两者的使用与否是独立的。
需要指出的是， 文中所述"第一、 第二"等是为了区分相同作用或者结 构的零部件而提出的， 仅仅是为了叙述方便， 不应理解为某种限定。
本发明所提供的泵送系统， 其緩沖腔 53、 第一连接管 6以及输送缸 3 的有杆腔 32内充满传压緩沖介质； 不设置第一连接管 6时， 緩沖腔 53与 输送缸 3的有杆腔 32连通形成封闭腔体内充满传压緩沖介质。这些传压緩 沖介质既能够传递压力， 又能够緩沖吸排料过程中较大的压力， 保护补偿 活塞 51 , 同时这些传压緩沖介质具有润滑活塞和散发活塞在往复运动过程 中产生的热量的作用。
上述传压緩沖介质可以为水。 水作为传压介质能够较好地传递压力， 并且成本较低， 能够重复使用。 显然地， 该传压緩沖介质也不局限于水， 也可以为其他能够传递压力的液体或者气体介质，例如空气或者液压油等。
当緩沖腔 53、 第一连接管 6以及输送缸 3的有杆腔 32内充满传压緩 沖介质时，所述补偿缸 5与所述补偿活塞 51之间， 以及所述输送缸 3与所 述输送活塞 31之间均应安装有密封元件 8, 以便保证较好的密封性， 避免 传压緩沖介质在高压作用下发生泄漏。 上述密封元件 8为本领域中常规使 用的各种具有密封作用的零部件。
本发明所提供的泵送系统的出料口 101可以设置于所述出料腔 52的末 端。 所述出料口 101沿出料方向即沿所述补偿缸 5的轴向渐缩， 所述出料 口 101靠近所述补偿活塞 51处的内径大于其远离所述补偿活塞 51处的内 径， 渐缩的出料口 101具有一定的节流保压作用， 提高补偿缸 5储存物料 的能力。
沿动力油缸 2的伸缩方向还可以设置有第一接近开关 91和第二接近开 关 92, 两接近开关分别位于所述动力活塞 21往复运动的极限位置， 这样， 油缸的换向通过接近开关实现， 有效地降低了动力油缸 2在换向过程中出 现的沖击， 提高了动力油缸 2的换向稳定性。
当该泵送系统通过安装架 9安装在活塞式砂浆泵的底盘上时， 上述第 一接近开关 91和第二接近开关 92可以安装在安装架 9的相应位置上。 第 一接近开关 91和第二接近开关 92可以为本领域中常规使用的各种光感传 感器或者位移传感器等。
本发明所提供的泵送系统还可以包括变量泵， 以便实现泵送排量的无 级调节。显然地，也不局限于使用变量泵的形式实现泵送排量的无级调节， 也可以通过使用定量泵加调速阀的形式实现泵送排量的无级调节。
除了上述泵送系统， 本发明还提供一种包括上述泵送系统的活塞式砂 浆泵，该活塞式砂浆泵的其他各部分结构请参考现有技术，在此不再赘述。
需要指出的是， 由于本发明所提供的泵送系统是用于活塞式砂浆泵的 泵送系统， 因此， 文中所述的物料一般是指砂浆或者混凝土等， 当然也不 排出为其他种类物料的可能性。
以上对本发明所提供的一种活塞式砂浆泵及其泵送系统进行了详细 上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出， 对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说， 在不脱离本发明原理的前提下， 还 可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰， 这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要 求的保护范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种活塞式砂浆泵的泵送系统， 包括内置有输送活塞（31)以及活 塞杆的输送缸（3), 所述活塞杆与所述泵送系统的动力装置连接， 所述输 送缸（3) 的无杆腔（33)通过进料单向阀 （41) 与进料口 （102)连通， 其特征在于， 还包括内置有补偿活塞（51) 的补偿缸（5), 所述补偿活塞 (51)将所述补偿缸（5)分隔成出料腔（52)和緩沖腔（53), 所述出料 腔（52)与出料口 （101 )连通， 所述输送缸（3) 的无杆腔（33)通过出 料单向阀 （42)与所述出料腔（52)连通， 所述緩沖腔（53)与所述输送 缸（3) 的有杆腔（32)连通形成封闭腔体。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的活塞式砂浆泵的泵送系统， 其特征在于， 所 述緩沖腔（ 53 )与所述有杆腔（ 32 )形成的封闭腔体内充满传压緩沖介质。
3、根据权利要求 2所述的活塞式砂浆泵的泵送系统， 其特征在于， 所 述传压緩沖介质为水。
4、根据权利要求 1所述的活塞式砂浆泵的泵送系统， 其特征在于， 所 述出料口 （101)设置于所述出料腔（52) 的末端。
5、根据权利要求 1所述的活塞式砂浆泵的泵送系统， 其特征在于， 所 述出料口 （101) 沿出料方向渐缩。
6、根据权利要求 1所述的活塞式砂浆泵的泵送系统， 其特征在于， 所 述进料单向阀、 所述出料单向阀为球阀。
7、根据权利要求 1所述的活塞式砂浆泵的泵送系统， 其特征在于， 所 述补偿缸（5)与所述补偿活塞（51)之间、 所述输送缸（3)与所述输送 活塞（31)之间安装有密封元件（8)。
8、根据权利要求 1至 7中任一项所述的活塞式砂浆泵的泵送系统，其 特征在于， 所述緩沖腔（ 53 )与所述输送缸（ 3 )的有杆腔（ 32 )的尾部相 连通。
9、根据权利要求 1至 7中任一项所述的活塞式砂浆泵的泵送系统，其 特征在于， 所述泵送系统的动力装置为动力油缸（2), 所述活塞杆与所述 动力油缸（2) 的动力活塞（21 ) 固定连接。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的活塞式砂浆泵的泵送系统， 其特征在于， 沿所述动力油缸（ 2 )的伸缩方向设置有第一接近开关（ 91 )和第二接近开 关（92 ), 两接近开关分别位于所述动力活塞（21 )往复运动的极限位置。
11、 一种活塞式砂浆泵， 包括底盘和安装在所述底盘上的泵送系统， 其特征在于，所述泵送系统为如权利要求 1至 9中任一项所述的泵送系统。
PCT/CN2012/074046 2011-12-05 2012-04-14 一种活塞式砂浆泵及其泵送系统 Ceased WO2013082909A1 (zh)

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