WO2013075726A1 - Commutateur électrique - Google Patents

Commutateur électrique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2013075726A1
WO2013075726A1 PCT/EP2011/005860 EP2011005860W WO2013075726A1 WO 2013075726 A1 WO2013075726 A1 WO 2013075726A1 EP 2011005860 W EP2011005860 W EP 2011005860W WO 2013075726 A1 WO2013075726 A1 WO 2013075726A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switching device
contact
coil
armature
electrical switching
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/005860
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Lothar Hofmeister
Michael Naumann
Stefan HOLBE
Original Assignee
Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh filed Critical Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh
Priority to PCT/EP2011/005860 priority Critical patent/WO2013075726A1/fr
Publication of WO2013075726A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013075726A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2454—Electromagnetic mechanisms characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2463—Electromagnetic mechanisms with plunger type armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/40—Combined electrothermal and electromagnetic mechanisms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical switching device, in particular for the protection of a switching power supply, with an electromagnetic trigger or with a thermal and an electromagnetic trigger.
  • Such a switching device is often used as a circuit breaker for primary side protection of a supplied by an AC power switching power supply, which in turn supplies, for example, a 24V (DC) system with a DC and DC on the secondary side.
  • the switching device is used to protect the switching power supply against overload and / or short circuit.
  • Switched-mode power supplies must ensure the most sinusoidal current profile of the power taken from the AC mains by means of appropriate circuitry measures. Therefore, conventional switching power supplies contain a filter module for suppressing the high switching frequencies of the transformer contained in the switching power supply, so that an undesirable reaction due to high frequency current components in the supply or AC mains are avoided as possible.
  • a circuit breaker with thermal and magnetic tripping device wherein the thermal release responds to an overcurrent and the electromagnetic triggers to a short-circuit current.
  • the thermal release is designed as a bimetal strip which is heated either directly or indirectly by the overcurrent. In direct heating, the current flows through the bimetallic strip, while indirect heating of the bimetallic strip is surrounded by a heating coil, which is flowed through by the current and thereby heated. In any case, the unilaterally clamped bimetallic strip bends in the current fall and actuates a switching mechanism, which in turn opens a contact point between a fixed contact and a moving contact and thus interrupts the flow of current.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an improved with regard to avoidable heat developments switching device with a thermal and a magnetic release.
  • the electrical switching device which is preferably used to protect a switched-mode power supply, has a contact point within a device housing with a fixed contact and with a moving contact. This may be carried by a contact arm, which preferably forms a latching point directly or indirectly with a protective element designed as a bimetallic strip as a thermal release. Their latch contacts can be arranged directly on the one hand on the contact arm and on the other hand on the protective element or on the bimetallic strip. With direct arrangement of the pawls the Verklinkugsstelle itself is live. A strip or strip-shaped magnet armature is held coaxially and displaceable in the coil longitudinal direction in a magnetic coil of an electromagnetic release.
  • the magnet armature extends only in the coil longitudinal direction and protrudes out of the magnet coil only with a coupling end along the coil longitudinal direction.
  • the armature or its coupling end cooperates with a release lever, which in turn is coupled directly or indirectly with both the armature and with the protective element of the thermal release.
  • the armature itself consists of a material with low electrical conductivity and medium to high permeability, the permeability (relative permeability) is greater than 1000.
  • a ferrite core in the form of a sintered compound of iron oxide and other metal oxides is suitable.
  • the armature consists of laminations, d. H. from a laminated laminated core with a sequence of thin sheet metal layers or laminations and insulation layers in layer construction.
  • the segmentation of the laminations runs in the coil longitudinal direction and is thus parallel to the magnetic field lines, d. H. the longitudinal direction of the laminations is oriented parallel to the longitudinal direction of the coil and its layer or stacking direction is transverse to the longitudinal direction of the coil.
  • the core thickness of the armature is about 1/3 of its core width
  • the core length of the armature corresponds to about 4 times the core width, and thus 12 times to 13 times the core thickness.
  • core length of the armature is less than or equal to 50mm, whose core width is less than or equal to 10mm and whose core thickness is less than or equal to 4mm.
  • the leading to both the contact point and Verklinkungsstelle contact arm is suitably resiliently biased to open in the event of triggering entklinkter Verklinkungsstelle the contact point.
  • a renewed switching on the switching device is made possible by means of a power button whose operating end led out of the device housing and its opposite action on the contact arm preferably attacks directly.
  • the spring force generating, acting as a compression spring spring element is arranged on the side opposite the action of the power button side of the contact lever. An actuation of the power button leads to simultaneous closure of the spring element to close both the contact point and the Verklinkungs- point.
  • the action side is coupled directly to the armature.
  • the coupling of the manual release to the armature and / or to the thermal release can be configured such that in the case of a short-circuit caused by electromagnetic or an overcurrent thermal release of the manual release indicates the triggering.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that caused by high-frequency current components, as they arise when using the switching device according to the invention for the protection of a switching power supply in case of failure of their filter components or components, eddy current losses can occur in the armature. As a result of these eddy currents, a corresponding heating of the magnetic trigger is caused. While it is recognized that a sintered core material allows a sufficiently high electrical resistance of the magnet armature, a lameliiert laminated core of thin laminations with intermediate insulating layers has been found to be particularly advantageous because the eddy current paths are interrupted or concentrated. As a result, eddy currents are prevented as a result of high-frequency current peaks and thus an unacceptably high heating of the magnetic release and reliably prevents damage or destruction of the electrical switching device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a top view of an inventive switching device with removed housing half shell with a magnetic release and with a directly heated bimetallic strip as a thermal release, and
  • Fig. 1 shows an electrical switching device 1 with a device housing 2, of which only the (rear) housing shell is shown, and are led out of the terminal contacts 3a to 3c and 4a and 4b housing underside.
  • the designed as a plug housing device housing 2 is suitable for plugging into a socket, which in turn can be designed to snap on a top hat rail.
  • the switching device 1 has a housing inside a realized by a bimetallic strip 5 thermal release and a magnetic or electromagnetic release with a magnetic coil 6 and a magnet armature 7.
  • the magnet armature 7 of the electromagnetic release is arranged within the magnet coil 6 and coaxially displaceable in the coil longitudinal direction 8.
  • the coil ends 6a, 6b of the magnetic coil 6 are electrically contacted, on the one hand, with the connection contact 3b, referred to below as the magnetic connection, and on the other hand, with a contact plate or rail 9, for example, by means of a solder wire connection.
  • a coupling end 7a of the magnet armature 7 protruding from the magnet coil 6 on the upper side of the housing has a cutout or opening 7b into which a cam 10a of a release lever 10 engages.
  • the release lever 10 has a receiving chamber 1 1, in which the bimetallic strip 5 freeiend perfume rests with a pivot end 5a and rests against a chamber wall of the receiving chamber 11.
  • the release lever 10 is housed inside a coil longitudinally direction 8 above a Verklinkungsstelle 12 rotational axis 13 rotatably or pivotally held.
  • the bimetallic strip 5 of the thermal release is fixed with its pivot 5 a opposite fixing 5 b in the region of the housing bottom of the device housing 2 and thereby electrically contacted with the contact rail 9.
  • the bimetallic strip 5 is heated directly in the embodiment due to the current flowing through this. However, it can also be indirectly heated by the bimetallic strip is surrounded by a heating coil, which is flowed through by the current and thereby heated.
  • An indirectly heated bimetallic strip is particularly suitable for comparatively low rated currents of the switching device, while the directly heated bimetallic strip 5 is preferably preferred at comparatively high rated currents.
  • a threaded pin 16 with a wedge-shaped tip 16a cooperates with a transversely oriented to the coil longitudinal direction 8 and guided against the bimetallic strip 5 Justiersteg 17 to adjust the triggering threshold of the thermal release.
  • On the bimetallic strip 5 is a latch 12 a directly attached between the fixing end 5 b and the pivot end 5 a. This forms together with another pawl 12b the current-conducting Verklinkungsstelle 12th
  • the switching device 1 also has a housing inside a contact point 18 with a fixed contact 18a and with a moving contact 18b.
  • the fixed contact 18a is connected to the subsequently designated as contact terminal 3a terminal contact fixed and electrically conductive.
  • the moving contact 18b is attached to a parallel to the coil longitudinal direction 8 extending L-leg 19a of an L-shaped contact lever 19 electrically conductive.
  • the further L-leg 19b of the contact lever 19 carries ELId disorder the second pawl 12b of Verklinkungsstelle 12.
  • this second pawl 12b is integrally formed on the Kunststoffarm19.
  • the contact arm19 is loaded in the illustration of FIG. 1 with a prestressed compression spring 20 whose spring force acts on the Verklinkungsstelle 12.
  • the current-conducting Verklinkungsstelle 12 closes the current path between the contact terminal 3a and the magnetic terminal 3b via the contact point 18 and the bimetallic strip 5 and the coil winding of the magnetic coil 6 with the coil ends 6a, 6b. In this state with closed contact point 18 and closed Verklinkungsstelle 12, a current flow between the contact terminal 3a and the magnetic terminal 3b is ensured.
  • magnet armature 7 were formed from a solid material, eddy-current losses generated by high-frequency current components would heat the magnet armature 7 to such an extent that components, in particular the magnetic circuit of the electromagnetic release, could be destroyed.
  • the magnet armature 7 is constructed as a laminated core.
  • Figures 2a and 2b show the armature 7 as a laminated core with a number of laminations or laminations 7c, which are isolated by insulating layers 7e against each other.
  • a stop edge 7d of the magnet armature 7 which is hammer-like in the region of the coupling end 7a is comparatively clearly visible. With this stop edge 7d, the magnet armature 7 cooperates with a corresponding stop edge 10b of the release lever 10.
  • the length I of the armature 7 is for example 25mm to 26mm, while its width b is for example 5mm to 6mm.
  • the thickness d of the magnet armature 7 is, for example, 1.5 mm to 2.5 mm.
  • the ratio of core length I to core thickness d of magnet armature 7 is about 13: 1, while the ratio of core width b to core thickness d is about 3: 1.
  • the thickness of the sheet metal 7c results from the core width d divided by the number of laminated in the laminated core of the armature 7 laminations or laminations 7c.
  • the insulating layers 7e between the individual laminations 7c can be realized by lacquer layers and / or insulating films.
  • In the magnet armature 7 are preferably electrical steel sheets of silicon-iron with a resistivity of about 0.5 ohms mm 2 / m and a permeability of 10,000 to 20,000 stacked.
  • the switching device 1 embodied with the lamellar magnet armature 7 is thus particularly suitable as a circuit breaker for securing the primary side of a switched-mode power supply which in turn supplies, for example, a 24 V (DC) system with a direct current and a DC voltage.
  • the alternating current used switching device 1 ensures reliable protection of the switching power supply against overload and short circuit and remains functional even if, for example, a filter module of the switching power supply fails and high-frequency current components act on the switching device back.
  • the invention has been described in detail by the preferred embodiment, the invention is not limited to the disclosed example.
  • the armature 7 is made of a material having low electrical conductivity.
  • a material is a sintered compound of iron oxide and other metal oxides, so that at the same ferromagnetic property of the magnet armature 7 whose electrical conductivity is very low, wherein the resistivity is preferably greater than 200,000 ohms mm 2 / m at a permeability of 1,000 to 15,000.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un commutateur électrique (1) notamment destiné à protéger une alimentation à découpage, comportant une zone de contact (18), une zone d'encliquetage électriquement conductrice (12) et un déclencheur électromagnétique dont la bobine magnétique (6) est reliée de manière électroconductrice à la zone de contact (18). Un levier de déclenchement (10) agissant sur une zone d'encliquetage (12) interagit avec un induit magnétique (7) coulissant dans la bobine magnétique (6) de façon coaxiale par rapport à sa direction longitudinale de bobine (8), réalisé dans un matériau présentant une conductivité électrique faible et une perméabilité moyenne à élevée ou conçu comme paquet de tôles à lamelles comportant une pluralité de lamelles de tôle (7c) isolées mutuellement.
PCT/EP2011/005860 2011-11-22 2011-11-22 Commutateur électrique WO2013075726A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2011/005860 WO2013075726A1 (fr) 2011-11-22 2011-11-22 Commutateur électrique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2011/005860 WO2013075726A1 (fr) 2011-11-22 2011-11-22 Commutateur électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013075726A1 true WO2013075726A1 (fr) 2013-05-30

Family

ID=45406634

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2011/005860 WO2013075726A1 (fr) 2011-11-22 2011-11-22 Commutateur électrique

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2013075726A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH351336A (de) * 1957-08-01 1961-01-15 Elemag Anstalt Elektromagnet für Schalt- und Steuerzwecke
DE3211246C1 (de) 1982-03-26 1983-07-21 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh, 8503 Altdorf UEberstromschutzschalter
DE4242516A1 (de) 1992-12-16 1994-06-23 Abb Patent Gmbh Thermischer und elektromagnetischer Auslöser
EP1383144A1 (fr) * 2002-07-18 2004-01-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif plongeur
DE102006027140A1 (de) 2006-06-12 2007-12-13 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Schutzschalter
DE102010017901A1 (de) * 2010-04-21 2011-10-27 Abb Ag Elektromagnetischer Auslöser

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH351336A (de) * 1957-08-01 1961-01-15 Elemag Anstalt Elektromagnet für Schalt- und Steuerzwecke
DE3211246C1 (de) 1982-03-26 1983-07-21 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh, 8503 Altdorf UEberstromschutzschalter
EP0090176A2 (fr) * 1982-03-26 1983-10-05 Ellenberger & Poensgen GmbH Disjoncteur de surintensité
DE4242516A1 (de) 1992-12-16 1994-06-23 Abb Patent Gmbh Thermischer und elektromagnetischer Auslöser
EP1383144A1 (fr) * 2002-07-18 2004-01-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif plongeur
DE102006027140A1 (de) 2006-06-12 2007-12-13 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Schutzschalter
DE102010017901A1 (de) * 2010-04-21 2011-10-27 Abb Ag Elektromagnetischer Auslöser

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