WO2013073577A1 - ジヒドロキシ芳香族へテロ環化合物 - Google Patents
ジヒドロキシ芳香族へテロ環化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013073577A1 WO2013073577A1 PCT/JP2012/079521 JP2012079521W WO2013073577A1 WO 2013073577 A1 WO2013073577 A1 WO 2013073577A1 JP 2012079521 W JP2012079521 W JP 2012079521W WO 2013073577 A1 WO2013073577 A1 WO 2013073577A1
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- Prior art keywords
- optionally substituted
- lower alkylene
- compound
- lower alkyl
- group
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- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- 108010003989 D-amino-acid oxidase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000069 prophylactic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 243
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 150
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 128
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 84
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 76
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- -1 4- (2-furanylcarbonyl) -1-piperazinylmethyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 37
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000005346 substituted cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 19
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005275 alkylenearyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- BLEWCUQOJLGDAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[2-(3,5-difluorophenyl)ethyl]-1,2-dihydropyridazine-3,4-dione Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(O)=CC(CCC=2C=C(F)C=C(F)C=2)=N1 BLEWCUQOJLGDAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000719 pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- XOTMJYKZULIBIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(2-cyclohexylethyl)-1,2-dihydropyridazine-3,4-dione Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(O)=CC(CCC2CCCCC2)=N1 XOTMJYKZULIBIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WJEQJBAXYYJFNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(2-naphthalen-1-ylethyl)-1,2-dihydropyridazine-3,4-dione Chemical compound N1NC(=O)C(=O)C=C1CCC1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 WJEQJBAXYYJFNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OJTADJYTNWQVQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)ethyl]-1,2-dihydropyridazine-3,4-dione Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(O)=CC(CCC=2C(=CC(F)=CC=2)F)=N1 OJTADJYTNWQVQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CCXCCRVXWWOUJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]-1,2-dihydropyridazine-3,4-dione Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1CCC1=CC(=O)C(=O)NN1 CCXCCRVXWWOUJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SGRRWLUYJCYTST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[2-(3-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-1,2-dihydropyridazine-3,4-dione Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(O)=CC(CCC=2C=C(F)C=CC=2)=N1 SGRRWLUYJCYTST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CGJFENTXONCNNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[2-(3-methylphenyl)ethyl]-1,2-dihydropyridazine-3,4-dione Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(CCC=2NNC(=O)C(=O)C=2)=C1 CGJFENTXONCNNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BTDXHRRSMHSFOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[2-(4-methylphenyl)ethyl]-1,2-dihydropyridazine-3,4-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1CCC1=CC(=O)C(=O)NN1 BTDXHRRSMHSFOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IZGUGWLAGDSDBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[2-(4-phenylphenyl)ethyl]-1,2-dihydropyridazine-3,4-dione Chemical compound N1NC(=O)C(=O)C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=C1 IZGUGWLAGDSDBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZYHBNBNPWBZULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl]-1,2-dihydropyridazine-3,4-dione Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(O)=CC(CCC=2C=C(C=CC=2)C(F)(F)F)=N1 ZYHBNBNPWBZULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QBQMUMMSYHUDFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[2-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl]-1,2-dihydropyridazine-3,4-dione Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(O)=CC(CCC=2C=CC(=CC=2)C(F)(F)F)=N1 QBQMUMMSYHUDFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 102100026908 D-amino-acid oxidase Human genes 0.000 claims 6
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims 4
- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 2
- 125000006414 CCl Chemical group ClC* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims 1
- 102000004674 D-amino-acid oxidase Human genes 0.000 abstract description 50
- 208000004296 neuralgia Diseases 0.000 abstract description 17
- 208000021722 neuropathic pain Diseases 0.000 abstract description 17
- 201000000980 schizophrenia Diseases 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 72
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 69
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 60
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- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 52
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 50
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 47
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- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 34
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 27
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 22
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 22
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 20
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 19
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
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Images
Classifications
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- C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
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- C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
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- C07D417/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
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- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a dihydroxy aromatic heterocyclic compound useful as an active ingredient of a pharmaceutical composition, for example, a pharmaceutical composition for treating a disease involving D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO).
- DAAO D-amino acid oxidase
- Non-patent Documents 1 and 2 D-serine concentration is decreased in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of schizophrenic patients.
- Non-patent Document 3 D-serine is produced from L-serine by serine racemase and metabolized by D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO).
- DAAO D-amino acid oxidase
- Non-patent Document 4 Since DAAO is widely distributed in the brain (Non-patent Document 4), inhibition of DAAO is expected to increase the concentration of D-serine in the brain and improve cognitive function. DAAO also generates reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide, which is a toxic metabolite, along with D-serine oxidation. It is known that reactive oxygen species are involved in neuropathic pain such as hyperalgesia (Non-Patent Document 5). In addition, since the above toxic metabolites can cause neuronal damage, inhibition of DAAO is associated with learning and learning such as schizophrenia, psychiatric disorders such as bipolar disorder, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease. It is considered useful for diseases in which memory is impaired, neuropathic pain, and neurodegenerative diseases.
- Benzoic acid is known as a DAAO inhibitor (Non-patent document 6), and benzoic acid suppresses hyperalgesia, allodynia, neuropathic pain (Non-patent documents 7 and 8), and other DAAO inhibitors It is known to suppress allodynia in a neuropathic pain model (Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2) and to suppress learning / memory / dementia (Patent Document 3).
- Non-patent Document 9 Several compounds having a DAAO inhibitory action have been reported, and examples include a compound represented by the following formula (A) (Non-patent Document 9).
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 show DAAO inhibitory action.
- a dihydroxy aromatic heterocyclic compound useful as an active ingredient of a pharmaceutical composition, for example, a pharmaceutical composition for treating a disease involving D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO).
- DAAO D-amino acid oxidase
- the present invention relates to a compound comprising a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition containing a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof, and an excipient, particularly a disease involving DAAO, such as schizophrenia.
- X is CR 2 or N
- Y is CH or N, provided that Y is N when X is CR 2
- Z is CH, provided that when X and Y are both N, Z may be N
- R 1 is H, C 1-10 alkyl, -lower alkylene-OR 3 , halogen, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, -L 1 -R 4 or -L 2 -N (-R 5 ) R 6 Yes, R 2 is H, lower alkyl, halogen or -lower alkylene-aryl
- R 3 is H or lower alkyl
- L 1 is -lower alkylene-, -lower alkenylene-, -lower alkylene-O-, -lower alkylene-S (O) m -or -lower alkylene-C (O)-
- L 2 is -lower alkylene-
- L 2 is -lower alkylene-S (O) 2 -or -lower alkylene-C (O)-, it means a compound of the following formula (III) or a salt thereof .
- Q represents S (O) 2 or C (O).
- the present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition for treating diseases involving DAAO, particularly schizophrenia and neuropathic pain, comprising a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof.
- the pharmaceutical composition includes a therapeutic agent for a disease involving DAAO, particularly a therapeutic agent for schizophrenia or neuropathic pain, which contains the compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof.
- the present invention also relates to a disease involving DAAO, particularly the use of a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof for the manufacture of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of schizophrenia or neuropathic pain, a disease involving DAAO.
- a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof for the treatment of schizophrenia, neuropathic pain a formula for the treatment of diseases involving DAAO, in particular schizophrenia, neuropathic pain
- a method for treating a disease involving DAAO, particularly schizophrenia, neuropathic pain comprising administering to a subject an effective amount of a compound of (I) or a salt thereof and a compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof About.
- the “subject” is a human or other animal that needs the prevention or treatment, and as a certain aspect, it is a human that needs the prevention or treatment.
- the compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof has a DAAO inhibitory action and can be used, for example, as an agent for preventing and / or treating schizophrenia and neuropathic pain.
- N on the horizontal axis represents a normal group (physiological saline + solvent administration), and C represents a solvent group (MK-801 + solvent administration).
- n 8 indicates that there were 8 mice in each group.
- alkyl alkylene
- alkenylene alkynylene
- lower alkyl alkyl of from 1 carbon atoms of straight or branched 6 (hereinafter, abbreviated as C 1-6), for example methyl, ethyl, n- propyl, isopropyl, n- butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl and the like.
- it is C 1-4 alkyl
- it is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl
- it is methyl.
- “Lower alkylene” means linear or branched C 1-6 alkylene such as methylene, ethylene, trimethylene, tetramethylene, pentamethylene, hexamethylene, propylene, butylene, methylmethylene, ethylethylene, 1,2 -Dimethylethylene, 1,1,2,2-tetramethylethylene, 1-methylbutylene and the like.
- Another embodiment is C 1-4 alkylene, yet another embodiment is methylene, ethylene, propylene, yet another embodiment is methylene, and yet another embodiment is ethylene.
- Yet another embodiment is propylene.
- the “lower alkenylene” is linear or branched C 2-6 alkenylene such as vinylene, propenylene, butenylene, pentenylene, hexenylene, 1,3-butadienylene, 1,3-pentadienylene and the like. Another embodiment is C 2-4 alkenylene, and yet another embodiment is vinylene.
- the “lower alkynylene” is linear or branched C 2-6 alkynylene such as ethynylene, propynylene, butynylene, pentynylene, hexynylene, 1,3-butadienylene, 1,3-pentadienylene and the like.
- Another embodiment is C 2-4 alkynylene, and yet another embodiment is ethynylene.
- Halogen means F, Cl, Br, I. As another aspect, it is F and Cl, and as another aspect, it is F.
- Cycloalkyl is a C 3-10 saturated hydrocarbon ring group, the cycloalkyl may have a bridge, a bond in a part of the ring may be unsaturated, and benzene It may be condensed with a ring.
- the “aryl” is a C 6-14 monocyclic to tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring group. Specifically, for example, phenyl, naphthyl, anthranyl, etc., another embodiment is phenyl, and yet another embodiment is naphthyl.
- Aromatic heterocycle '' is an aromatic heterocyclic group having 5 to 6 ring members containing one or more heteroatoms selected from O, N and S as ring constituent atoms.
- the heterocycle may be fused with a cycloalkyl, aryl, or monocyclic aromatic heterocycle.
- Non-aromatic heterocycle '' is a non-aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 7 ring members and containing one or more heteroatoms selected from O, N and S as ring constituent atoms
- the non-aromatic heterocycle may be condensed with a cycloalkyl, aryl, monocyclic aromatic heterocycle or monocyclic non-aromatic heterocycle, and even if some of the bonds are unsaturated. It may also form a spiro ring with a cycloalkyl or non-aromatic heterocycle.
- the sulfur atom which is a ring-constituting atom may be oxidized.
- Cyclic amino is a group having a nitrogen atom in the above “non-aromatic heterocycle”, and is a non-aromatic heterocycle having a bond on the nitrogen atom, for example, azetidin-1-yl , Pyrazolidin-1-yl, imidazolidin-1-yl, 1,4-diazepan-1yl, pyrrolidin-1-yl, piperidin-1-yl, azepan-1-yl, piperazin-1-yl, morpholine-4 -Yl, thiomorpholin-4-yl, 1,1-dioxidethiomorpholin-4-yl and the like.
- pyrrolidin-1-yl, piperidin-1-yl, morpholin-4-yl, 1,1-dioxidethiomorpholin-4-yl are still another embodiment.
- Are monocyclic cyclic aminos having 6 ring members, and piperidin-1-yl, morpholin-4-yl, 1,1-dioxidethiomorpholin-4-yl are still another embodiment.
- “optionally substituted” means unsubstituted or substituted with 1 to 5 substituents. In some embodiments, it is unsubstituted or has 1 to 3 substituents. In another embodiment, it is unsubstituted or has 1 substituent. In yet another embodiment, it is unsubstituted. In addition, when it has a some substituent, those substituents may be the same or may mutually differ.
- R 1 "optionally substituted cycloalkyl” of R 1 in formula (I)
- R 4 “optionally substituted cycloalkyl”, “optionally substituted aryl”, “optionally substituted” “Non-aromatic heterocycle” and “optionally substituted aromatic heterocycle”
- R 5 “optionally substituted cycloalkyl” and “optionally substituted aryl” and R 6 “ Substitution in “optionally substituted cycloalkyl”, “optionally substituted aryl”, “optionally substituted non-aromatic heterocycle” and “optionally substituted aromatic heterocycle”
- Examples of the group include a substituent selected from the group consisting of the D1 group.
- Group D1 (1) Halogen, (2) -OH, (3) halogen, —O-lower alkyl, lower alkyl optionally substituted with one or more halogens, and aryl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of —CN, —O -(Halogen, optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl optionally substituted with one or more halogens, -O-lower alkyl and -C (O) O-lower alkyl) May be aryl), -C (O)-(aryl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, -O-lower alkyl and halogen) and -C (O)- Lower alkenylene-aryl, (4) -O-lower alkyl, (5) an aromatic heterocycle optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl and aryl,
- halogen As another aspect of D1 group, (1) halogen, (2) -OH, (3) aryl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —O-lower alkyl and —CN, —O— (halogen, optionally substituted with one or more halogens Good lower alkyl, -O-lower alkyl and -C (O) O-lower alkyl, aryl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of: -C (O)-(-O -Aryl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl and halogen) and -C (O) -lower alkenylene-aryl, (4) -O-lower alkyl and -O- (lower alkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of aryl substituted with one or more halogens and halogen), (5) Hal
- D1 group (1) halogen, (2) aryl, (3) —O— (lower alkyl optionally substituted with one or more halogens), and (4) lower alkyl optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
- Still another embodiment of the substituent allowed in the “optionally substituted cycloalkyl” in the formula (I) is aryl.
- substituents allowed in the “optionally substituted aryl” in formula (I) (1) a lower alkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of —OH, —O-lower alkyl, halogen, aryl and —O-aryl; (2) halogen, (3) -O- (lower alkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen and -OH), (4) aryl optionally substituted with one or more halogens, (5) -O- (aryl optionally substituted with lower alkyl optionally substituted with one or more halogen), (6) -C (O) -aryl, (7) -C (O) -lower alkenylene-aryl, (8) -NH-C (O) -lower alkyl, (9) aromatic heterocycle, (10) non-aromatic heterocycle, (11) -C (O) -lower alkyl, (12)
- substituent allowed in the “optionally substituted aromatic heterocycle” in the formula (I) (1) one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, —OH and —O-lower alkyl, wherein the lower alkyl moiety may be substituted with lower alkyl and —O-lower alkyl, (2) halogen, (3) selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, halogen, —OH, —O-lower alkyl, —O— (lower alkyl substituted with one or more halogens) and lower alkyl substituted with one or more halogens Aryl optionally substituted with one or more substituents, (4) a non-aromatic hetero ring and a -O-non-aromatic hetero group, each of which may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl and halogen, and the non-aromatic hetero ring part A ring, and (5) oxo.
- Halogen As another aspect of the substituent allowed in the “optionally substituted non-aromatic heterocycle” in the formula (I), (1) Halogen, —OH, —O-lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl (where aryl is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, halogen, lower alkyl substituted with one or more halogens, and —O-lower alkyl) Optionally substituted with one or more substituents), —O-aryl (where the aryl moiety of —O-aryl is lower alkyl, halogen, lower alkyl substituted with one or more halogens, and —O - May be substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl), aromatic heterocycles (wherein the aromatic heterocycle may be substituted with one or more lower alkyls) ), Non-aromatic heterocycle (however, the non-aromatic heterocycle may be substituted with oxo), -C (
- Aromatic hetero ring -O-aromatic, each of which may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, aryl, halogen and -OH.
- Aromatic heterocycle -C (O) -aromatic heterocycle, -C (O) NH-aromatic heterocycle and -S (O) m -aromatic heterocycle, (7)
- Still another aspect of the substituents allowed in the “optionally substituted non-aromatic heterocycle” in formula (I) is as follows: (1) Lower alkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen and —O-lower alkyl, —S (O) 2 -lower alkyl, —C (O) O-lower Alkyl and -OC (O) -lower alkyl, (2) aryl optionally substituted with one or more -CN, -lower alkylene-O-aryl, -lower alkylene- (lower alkyl optionally substituted with one or more halogen, halogen and -O-lower An aryl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of alkyl), one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of —C (O) — (— O-lower alkyl and halogen) Optionally substituted aryl), -O- (lower
- R 1 is -L 1 -R 4 , and in another embodiment, R 1 is C 1-10 alkyl, -lower alkylene-OR 3 , halogen, substituted Cycloalkyl or -lower alkylene- (optionally substituted cycloalkyl), and in another embodiment, R 1 is substituted with -L 1- (lower alkyl, halogen, one or more halogens Lower alkyl, -O-lower alkyl, -O-lower alkylene-OH, -O- (lower alkyl substituted with one or more halogens), -S (O) m -lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, substituted Aryl, -lower alkylene-aryl,
- R 1 is - lower alkylene -O- (lower alkyl, halogen, substituted with one or more halogens Lower alkyl, -O-lower alkyl, -O- (lower alkyl substituted with one or more halogens), cycloalkyl, -L 21 -phenyl, optionally substituted aryl, -C (O) -Lower alkyl, -C (O) -phenyl, -C (O) -lower alkenylene-aryl, -lower alkenylene-C (O) O-lower alkyl, -NH-C (O) -lower alkyl, -S ( O) 2 -Phenyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of
- R 4 is aryl which may be a good cycloalkyl or substituted also be substituted, in another embodiment, is selected from the group R 4 comprises a group D1 In another embodiment, R 4 may be substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of the D1 group. In yet another embodiment, the aryl is cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of group D1, and in another embodiment, R 4 is halogen.
- R 5 is H or lower alkyl, in another embodiment, R 5 is H, in a further aspect, R 5 is lower alkyl.
- R 6 is - lower alkylene -N (R 8) 2, - lower alkylene - (one or more non-aromatic heterocyclic ring optionally substituted aryl), - lower Alkylene- (non-aromatic heterocycle optionally substituted with one or more lower alkyl), -lower alkylene-aromatic heterocycle, and in another embodiment, R 6 is -lower alkylene-N ( R 8 ) 2 and in yet another embodiment, R 6 is -lower alkylene- (aryl optionally substituted with one or more non-aromatic heterocycles), and in yet another embodiment, R 8 6 is -lower alkylene- (non-aromatic hetero ring optionally substituted with one or more lower alkyls), and in yet another embodiment, R 6 is -lower alkylene-aromatic hetero ring is there.
- R 7 is H.
- both R 8 is methyl.
- L 1 is -lower alkylene-, -lower alkylene-O-, -lower alkylene-S-, or -lower alkylene-C (O)-.
- L 1 is -lower alkylene-, -lower alkylene-O- or -lower alkylene-S-.
- L 1 is -lower alkylene-, and in still another embodiment, L 1 1 is -lower alkylene-O-.
- L 1 is methylene or ethylene.
- L 1 is ethylene.
- L 2 is - lower alkylene - or - lower alkylene -C (O) -, in another embodiment, L 2 is - lower alkylene -, and yet another In an embodiment, L 2 is -lower alkylene-C (O)-. In yet another embodiment, L 2 is methylene or ethylene, and in yet another embodiment, L 2 is ethylene. (12) As one aspect of L 21, L 21 is - lower alkylene - a. (13) A compound or a salt thereof, which is a combination of two or more of the groups described in (1) to (12) above.
- the present invention includes a compound or a salt thereof which is a combination of two or more of the groups described in the above (1) to (12). Specific examples thereof include the following: An embodiment is also mentioned.
- Z is CH
- R 1 is -L 1- (lower alkyl, halogen, lower alkyl substituted with one or more halogens, -O-lower alkyl, -O-lower alkylene-OH, -O- (1 Lower alkyl substituted with the above halogen), -S (O) m -lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, optionally substituted aryl, -lower alkylene-aryl, -O-aryl, aromatic heterocycle, non-substituted Aromatic heterocycle, -C (O) -lower alkyl, -C (O) -aryl, -C (O) -lower alkenylene-aryl, -NH-C (O) -lower alkyl and -lower alkenylene-C (O) A compound or a salt thereof, which is aryl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of O-lower alkyl.
- Z is CH
- R 1 is -lower alkylene-C (O)-(lower alkyl, -N (lower alkyl) 2 , -lower alkylene-phenyl, -lower alkylene-O-lower alkyl, -lower alkylene-
- X is N
- Y is N and Z is CH
- R 1 is -L 1 -R 4
- L 1 is -lower alkylene-, -lower alkylene-O-, or -lower alkylene-S-
- R 4 is an optionally substituted cycloalkyl or an optionally substituted aryl, or a salt thereof.
- R 4 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, lower alkyl optionally substituted with one or more halogens, —O— (lower alkyl optionally substituted with one or more halogens) and aryl 1
- R 6 is -lower alkylene-N (R 8 ) 2 , -lower alkylene- (aryl optionally substituted with one or more non-aromatic heterocycles), -lower alkylene- (one or more lower alkyls) Or a salt thereof, which is a non-aromatic hetero ring optionally substituted with a lower alkylene-aromatic hetero ring or a salt thereof.
- R 8 is -lower alkylene-N (R 8 ) 2 , -lower alkylene- (aryl optionally substituted with one or more non-aromatic heterocycles), -lower alkylene- (one or more lower alkyls) Or a salt thereof, which is a non-aromatic hetero ring optionally substituted with a lower alkylene-aromatic hetero ring or a salt thereof.
- Examples of specific compounds included in the compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof include the following compounds. 4-hydroxy-6- ⁇ 2- [4- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] ethyl ⁇ pyridazin-3 (2H) -one, 4-hydroxy-6- [2- (4-methylphenyl) ethyl] pyridazin-3 (2H) -one, 6- [2- (biphenyl-4-yl) ethyl] -4-hydroxypyridazin-3 (2H) -one, 4-hydroxy-6- ⁇ 2- [3- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] ethyl ⁇ pyridazin-3 (2H) -one, 6- [2- (3-fluorophenyl) ethyl] -4-hydroxypyridazin-3 (2H) -one, 4-hydroxy-6- [2- (3-methylphenyl) ethyl] pyridazin-3 (2H) -one, 6- [2- (2,4-di
- tautomers and geometric isomers may exist depending on the type of substituent.
- the compound of the formula (I) may be described in only one form of an isomer, but the present invention includes other isomers, separated isomers, or those isomers. And mixtures thereof.
- the compound of formula (I) may have an asymmetric carbon atom or axial asymmetry, and optical isomers based on this may exist.
- the present invention also includes separated optical isomers of the compound of formula (I) or a mixture thereof.
- the compound of formula (I) may have multiple resonance structures. The present invention describes one of them, but is not limited to this.
- the resonance structural formulas (Ex.1-1 to Ex.1-3) of Example 1 (Ex.1) are shown below, for example. Ex. Indicates an example number described later. ).
- the present invention includes a pharmaceutically acceptable prodrug of the compound represented by the formula (I).
- a pharmaceutically acceptable prodrug is a compound having a group that can be converted to an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, or the like by solvolysis or under physiological conditions.
- groups that form prodrugs include those described in Prog. Med., 5, 2157-2161 (1985) and “Development of pharmaceuticals” (Yodogawa Shoten, 1990), Volume 7, Molecular Design 163-198. Is mentioned.
- the salt of the compound of the formula (I) is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the formula (I), and may form an acid addition salt or a salt with a base depending on the type of substituent. is there.
- inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid Acid addition with organic acids such as lactic acid, malic acid, mandelic acid, tartaric acid, dibenzoyl tartaric acid, ditoluoyl tartaric acid, citric acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, aspartic acid, glutamic acid Salts, salts with inorganic bases such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and
- the present invention also includes various hydrates and solvates of the compound of formula (I) and salts thereof, and crystalline polymorphic substances.
- the present invention also includes compounds labeled with various radioactive or non-radioactive isotopes.
- the compound of the formula (I) and a salt thereof can be produced by applying various known synthesis methods utilizing characteristics based on the basic structure or the type of substituent. At that time, depending on the type of functional group, it is effective in terms of production technology to replace the functional group with an appropriate protecting group (a group that can be easily converted into the functional group) at the stage from the raw material to the intermediate. There is a case. Examples of such protecting groups include protecting groups described in “Greene's Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis (4th edition, 2006)” by PGMWuts and Green (TWGreene). The reaction conditions may be appropriately selected and used according to the reaction conditions.
- the desired compound after carrying out the reaction by introducing the protective group, the desired compound can be obtained by removing the protective group as necessary.
- the prodrug of the compound of formula (I) introduces a specific group at the stage from the raw material to the intermediate as in the case of the protective group, or further reacts with the obtained compound of formula (I). Can be manufactured.
- the reaction can be carried out by applying a method known to those skilled in the art, such as ordinary esterification, amidation, dehydration and the like.
- R a is the same or different from each other and represents a protecting group such as H, benzyl group, paramethoxybenzyl group, methoxymethyl group, methyl group
- R 1 ′ is C 1-10 alkyl, -lower alkynylene-OR 3
- R 1 '' is C 1-10 alkyl, -lower alkylene-OR 3 , optionally substituted cycloalkyl, -lower alkylene-R 4 , -lower alkenylene-R 4 , -lower alkylene-C (O) -R 4 , -lower alkyl
- R 1 is C 1-10 alkyl, -lower alkylene-OR 3 , optionally substituted cycloalkyl, -lower Alkylene-R 4 , -lower alkenylene-R 4 , -lower alkylene-C (O) -R 4 , -lower alkylene-N (-R 5 ) R 6 , -lower alkylene-C (O) -N (-R 5 ) A process for producing the compound (I-1) of the present invention which is R 6 .
- R a is a benzyl group or a paramethoxybenzyl group
- an equivalent amount of compound 1a and a metal catalyst or an excess of one of them is used, and in a solvent inert to the reaction in a hydrogen atmosphere, usually 1 hour to 5 hours Stir for days.
- This reaction is usually carried out under cooling to heating, preferably at room temperature.
- Examples of the solvent used here are not particularly limited, but alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and 2-propanol, ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane and dimethoxyethane, water, ethyl acetate, N, N- Examples include dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and mixtures thereof.
- metal catalysts include palladium catalysts such as palladium carbon, palladium black, palladium hydroxide, palladium-barium sulfate, platinum plates, platinum catalysts such as platinum oxide, nickel catalysts such as reduced nickel and Raney nickel, tristriphenylphosphine chlororhodium, etc.
- R 1 ′ of compound 1a is -lower alkynylene-OR 3 , optionally substituted cycloalkenyl, -lower alkenylene-R 4 , -lower alkenylene-C (O) -R 4 , -lower alkenylene-N ( In the case of -R 5 ) R 6 , -lower alkenylene-C (O) -N (-R 5 ) R 6 , the alkynylene part, alkenylene part and cycloalkenyl unsaturated part are reduced simultaneously with the above deprotection.
- deprotection can be performed under acidic conditions by using an equivalent amount of compound 1a and thioanisole or one of them in excess, and in a solvent inert to the reaction, from cooling to heating, preferably at room temperature.
- the solvent used here are not particularly limited, but can be carried out without halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane and chloroform, or without solvent.
- it can be made into acidic conditions with trifluoroacetic acid etc.
- the deprotection can be carried out using an equivalent amount of compound 1a and boron tribromide or an excess of one of them, in a solvent inert to the reaction, under cooling to heating, preferably at room temperature.
- Examples of the solvent used here are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane and chloroform.
- R 1 is -lower alkylene-C (O) -N (-R 5 ) R 6 or -lower alkylene-C (O)-(optionally substituted cyclic).
- Amino) is a process for producing the compound (I-2) or (I-3) of the present invention.
- This step is a step of obtaining the compound (I-2) or (I-3) of the present invention by amidation of the compound 1b and the compound 1c or 1d.
- compound 1b and compound 1c or 1d are used in an equivalent amount or in an excess amount, and a mixture of these in a solvent inert to the reaction in the presence of a condensing agent, from cooling to heating, preferably ⁇ 20
- the mixture is usually stirred at 0.1 to 60 ° C. for 0.1 hour to 7 days.
- solvent used here are not particularly limited, but aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene or xylene, halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane or chloroform, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran , Ethers such as dioxane and dimethoxyethane, N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile or water, and mixtures thereof.
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene or xylene
- halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane or chloroform
- diethyl ether diethyl ether
- tetrahydrofuran Ethers such as dioxane and dimethoxyethane, N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, eth
- condensing agents examples include 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole, diphenyl phosphate azide, phosphorus oxychloride, polystyrene resin carrying a condensing agent
- condensing agent examples include, but are not limited to, PS-Carbodiimide (PS-Carbodiimide). It may be preferred for the reaction to use an additive (eg 1-hydroxybenzotriazole).
- Performing the reaction in the presence of an organic base such as triethylamine, N, N-diisopropylethylamine, or N-methylmorpholine, or an inorganic base such as potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, or potassium hydroxide may facilitate the reaction. May be advantageous.
- An organic base such as triethylamine, N, N-diisopropylethylamine, or N-methylmorpholine
- an inorganic base such as potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, or potassium hydroxide
- Examples of reactive derivatives of carboxylic acids include acid halides obtained by reaction with halogenating agents such as phosphorus oxychloride and thionyl chloride, mixed acid anhydrides obtained by reaction with isobutyl chloroformate, 1-hydroxy An active ester obtained by a condensation reaction with benzotriazole or the like can be mentioned.
- the reaction of these reactive derivatives with compound 1c or 1d is carried out in a solvent inert to the reaction such as halogenated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers, etc., under cooling to heating, preferably ⁇ 20 It can be carried out at a temperature between 60 ° C and 60 ° C.
- R b1 represents a chloro group or a bromo group
- R b2 represents a halogen.
- R b2 is a chloro group
- R b1 is a bromo group.
- This production method is a method for producing the compound (I-4) of the present invention (I) wherein X is C-halogen, Y is N, Z is CH and R 1 is a chloro group or a bromo group. .
- This step is a step of obtaining the compound (I-4) of the present invention by halogenation of the compound 1e.
- compound 1e and the halogenating agent are used in an equivalent amount or in excess, and the mixture is stirred in a solvent inert to the reaction from room temperature to heating, preferably at room temperature, usually for 0.1 hour to 5 days.
- a solvent inert to the reaction from room temperature to heating, preferably at room temperature, usually for 0.1 hour to 5 days.
- the halogenating agent any halogenating agent usually used in the halogen substitution reaction of hydrogen on the aromatic ring may be used.
- Halogen alone such as chlorine and bromine, dioxane dibromide, phenyltrimethylammonium tribromide, pyridinium hydrobromide
- Perbromides such as perbromide and pyrrolidone hydrotribromide are preferably used, but imide halogenating agents such as N-bromosuccinimide and N-chlorosuccinimide, hydrogen halides such as hydrogen chloride and hydrogen bromide, Metal reagents such as copper (II) halides such as copper (II) bromide and copper (II) chloride can also be used.
- halogenated hydrocarbons When halogen alone or perbromide is used as the halogenating agent, halogenated hydrocarbons, ethers, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol and ethylene glycol, aromatic hydrocarbons, esters such as ethyl acetate
- a halogenating agent may be allowed to act on compound 1e in an organic solvent inert to the reaction, such as acetic acid and N, N-dimethylformamide.
- the reaction may be performed in the presence of a catalyst such as a small amount of hydrogen halide if necessary, and the reaction temperature is preferably from ⁇ 30 ° C. to the reflux temperature of the solvent used.
- hydrogen halide when used as the halogenating agent, it can be carried out by reacting with compound 1e in a basic solution such as an acidic solution or an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.
- the reaction temperature at this time is ⁇ It is preferable to carry out from 30 ° C. at the reflux temperature of the solvent used.
- the reaction using a metal reagent is usually performed by reacting compound 1e with an organic solvent inert to the reaction such as halogenated hydrocarbons, ethers, alcohols, aromatic hydrocarbons, acetic acid, esters, water, or the like. It is advantageous to carry out the reaction from room temperature to heating in the presence of a catalyst such as a small amount of hydrogen halide, if necessary, in the presence of a catalyst such as a small amount of hydrogen halide.
- This production method comprises the compound (I-5) of the compound (I) wherein R 1 is —CH 2 —OR 4 , —CH 2 —SR 4 , —CH 2 —N (—R 5 ) R 6. ) Or (I-6).
- This step is a step of synthesizing compound 1g which is an ester form by inserting carbon monoxide into the R b portion of compound 1f and subsequently reacting with the lower alcohol in the system.
- a mixture of compound 1f and an equivalent amount or an excess amount of carbon monoxide and a predetermined lower alcohol in a solvent inert to the reaction under normal pressure to high pressure, preferably at normal pressure, the base and palladium catalyst
- the mixture is usually stirred for 0.1 hour to 5 days at room temperature to heating under reflux.
- the predetermined lower alcohol include methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, butanol and the like.
- solvent used here are not particularly limited, but aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene, ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane and dimethoxyethane, dichloromethane, 1,2 -Halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloroethane or chloroform, N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and mixed solvents thereof.
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene
- ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane and dimethoxyethane
- dichloromethane 1,2 -Halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloroethane or chloroform, N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and mixed solvents thereof.
- 1,2 -Halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloroethan
- the palladium catalyst diacetoxypalladium, tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium, dichlorobis (triphenylphosphine) palladium, palladium-1,1′-bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene and the like are preferable.
- This step is a step of producing compound 1h by reducing the ester moiety of compound 1g.
- 1 g of compound and a predetermined reducing agent are used in an equivalent amount or in excess, and in a solvent inert to the reaction, from cooling to heating, preferably from ⁇ 20 ° C. to 80 ° C., usually from 0.1 hour to 5 Stir for days.
- a solvent inert to the reaction, from cooling to heating, preferably from ⁇ 20 ° C. to 80 ° C., usually from 0.1 hour to 5 Stir for days.
- the solvent used here are not particularly limited, but ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane and dimethoxyethane, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and 2-propanol, and aromatics such as benzene, toluene and xylene.
- Examples include hydrocarbons, N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl acetate, and mixtures thereof.
- reducing agent hydride reducing agents such as sodium borohydride or diisobutylaluminum hydride, metal reducing agents such as sodium, zinc and iron, and the reducing agents in the following documents are preferably used. [Reference] M.
- This step is a step of producing compound 1j by halogenating the hydroxyl group of compound 1h.
- compound 1h and the prescribed halogenating agent are used in an equivalent amount or in excess, and in a solvent inert to the reaction, from cooling to heating under reflux, preferably from ⁇ 30 ° C. to heating under reflux, usually 0.1 hour Stir for ⁇ 5 days.
- the predetermined halogenating agent may be any halogenating agent commonly used in hydroxyl group halogen substitution reactions, and thionyl chloride, thionyl bromide, phosphorus oxychloride and the like are preferably used.
- the solvent used here are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane and chloroform.
- halogen alone or perbromide
- an organic solvent inert to the reaction such as halogenated hydrocarbons, ethers, aromatic hydrocarbons, esters such as ethyl acetate, and acetic acid is preferably used. It is done.
- compound 1j is etherified to produce compound 1m or compound 1p.
- compound 1j and compound 1k or compound 1n are used in an equivalent amount or in excess, and the mixture is used in a solvent inert to the reaction or in the absence of solvent, from cooling to heating under reflux, preferably 0.
- the mixture is usually stirred for 0.1 hour to 5 days at -80 ° C.
- the solvent used here include, but are not limited to, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene, ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane and dimethoxyethane, dichloromethane and 1,2-dichloroethane.
- Halogenated hydrocarbons such as chloroform, N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, and mixtures thereof.
- the reaction is carried out in the presence of an organic base such as triethylamine, N, N-diisopropylethylamine or N-methylmorpholine, or an inorganic base such as potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate or potassium hydroxide. May be advantageous.
- This step is a step for producing compound 1q or 1r by substituting the catechol moiety of compound 1m or compound 1p with a benzyloxy group or paramethoxybenzyloxy group.
- compound 1m or 1p and benzyl alcohol or paramethoxybenzyl alcohol are used in an equivalent amount or in excess, and in the presence of a predetermined base, for example, in a solvent inert to the reaction, such as t-butoxy potassium, under cooling. Stir under heating, usually for 0.1 hour to 5 days.
- a solvent inert to the reaction such as t-butoxy potassium
- the solvent used here include, but are not limited to, halogenated hydrocarbons, ethers, aromatic hydrocarbons, N, N-dimethylformamide, or a mixture thereof.
- This step is a method for producing the compound (I-5) or (I-6) of the present invention by deprotecting compound 1q or compound 1r.
- the method of the first production method can be used.
- This production method is a method for producing the raw material compound 1a of the first production method.
- This step is carried out by Suzuki coupling reaction or Sonogashira coupling reaction from compound 2a produced by the method described in Journal of the Chemical Society. Perkin Transaction 1, 1975, (6), 534-538 or a method analogous thereto. In this step, compound 2b is produced.
- compound 2a and a predetermined organoboron compound or terminal alkyne derivative are used in an equivalent amount or in excess, and the mixture is heated in a solvent inert to the reaction at room temperature to in the presence of a base and a palladium catalyst. Stir under reflux usually for 0.1 hour to 5 days.
- This reaction is preferably performed in an inert gas atmosphere.
- the solvent used here include, but are not limited to, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene, ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane and dimethoxyethane, dichloromethane and 1,2-dichloroethane.
- halogenated hydrocarbons such as chloroform, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol and butanol, N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and mixed solvents thereof.
- a base inorganic bases, such as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate , sodium hydroxide, are preferable.
- the palladium catalyst tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium, dichlorobis (triphenylphosphine) palladium, palladium chloride-1,1′-bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene and the like are preferable.
- the Sonogashira coupling reaction is preferably performed in the presence of copper iodide or the like.
- This step is a step of substituting the catechol moiety of compound 2b with a benzyloxy group or a paramethoxybenzyloxy group.
- This step can use the method of the fifth step of the fourth manufacturing method.
- This production method is a method for producing the raw material compound 1b of the second production method.
- This step is a step of producing compound 2c by Suzuki coupling reaction from compound 2a produced by the method described in Journal of the Chemical Society. Perkin Transaction 1, 1975, (6), 534-538 or a method analogous thereto. It is.
- the method of the first step of the raw material synthesis 1 can be used.
- This step is a step of producing compound 2d by reducing the lower alkenylene moiety of compound 2c.
- the method of the first production method can be used.
- This step is a step for producing compound 2e by substituting the catechol moiety of compound 2d with a benzyloxy group or a paramethoxybenzyloxy group.
- This step can use the method of the fifth step of the fourth manufacturing method. Moreover, an ester part can be simultaneously hydrolyzed by this process.
- This step is a step of producing compound 1b by deprotecting compound 2e.
- the method of the first production method can be used.
- the compounds of formula (I) are isolated and purified as free compounds, their salts, hydrates, solvates or polymorphic substances.
- the salt of the compound of formula (I) can also be produced by subjecting it to a conventional salt formation reaction. Isolation and purification are performed by applying ordinary chemical operations such as extraction, fractional crystallization, and various fractional chromatography.
- Various isomers can be produced by selecting an appropriate raw material compound, or can be separated by utilizing a difference in physicochemical properties between isomers.
- optical isomers can be obtained by general optical resolution of racemates (for example, fractional crystallization leading to diastereomeric salts with optically active bases or acids, chromatography using chiral columns, etc.). Further, it can also be produced from a suitable optically active raw material compound.
- DAAO Inhibitory Activity Test DAAO inhibitory activity was measured by quantifying the amount of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) produced by reacting DAAO protein with flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and D-alanine. H 2 O 2 content was quantified by measuring the fluorescence emitted Amplex red by reacting horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and H 2 O 2 (manufactured by Invitrogen) is converted into Resorufin.
- HRP horseradish peroxidase
- H 2 O 2 manufactured by Invitrogen
- test compound 4% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) buffer 50 mM sodium phosphate (pH 7.5), 0.02% CHAPS
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- 4 ⁇ L of a mixed solution of changed human DAAO protein (15 nM) and 18 ⁇ M FAD was added and incubated at room temperature for 15 minutes. After the incubation, add 4 ⁇ L of 2.25 mM D-alanine, 1.5 U / mL HRP and 150 ⁇ M Amplex red mixed buffer to the plate, and incubate at room temperature for 30 minutes.
- Fluorescence (excitation wavelength: 530 nm, fluorescence wavelength: 590 nm) Perkin Elmer Co.).
- fluorescence was also measured in the presence of 30 ⁇ M H 2 O 2 in the absence of DAAO.
- the fluorescence value in the absence of the test compound is 100% and the fluorescence value in the absence of DAAO is 0%, it is considered that DAAO activity is inhibited when the fluorescence value decreases by 50% in the presence of the test compound.
- the test compound concentration IC 50 value (nM) at that time was used.
- Test Example 1 The recombinant human DAAO protein used in Test Example 1 was prepared by the following method with reference to Protein® Science, 2006, 15, 12, 2708-2717.
- DAAO D-amino acid oxidase
- DAAO human D-amino acid oxidase
- lysis buffer 17 mM sodium pyrophosphate buffer pH 8.3, 100 ⁇ M FAD, 1 mM sodium benzoate, 1 mM PMSF, 14 mM ⁇ -mercaptoethanol, 0.2 mg / mL lysozyme
- the crushed liquid was centrifuged and the supernatant was collected.
- final concentrations of 0.5 M NaCl and 0.05% ethyleneimine (polymer) were sequentially added to the supernatant, and after mixing well, the supernatant was recovered by centrifugation.
- the supernatant was heat-treated at 55 ° C. for 15 minutes, and the supernatant was recovered by centrifugation. Ammonium sulfate was added to this supernatant to 40% saturation, mixed well, and the salted-out product was collected by centrifugation. The obtained salted-out product is redissolved with buffer A (50 mM potassium phosphate buffer pH 7.4, 10% glycerol, 200 ⁇ M sodium benzoate, 10 ⁇ M FAD, 20% saturated ammonium sulfate) and filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ m filter (Millipore). did.
- buffer A 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer pH 7.4, 10% glycerol, 200 ⁇ M sodium benzoate, 10 ⁇ M FAD, 20% saturated ammonium sulfate
- the obtained filtrate was applied to the hydrophobic interaction column Butyl-S Sepharose 6 Fast Flow (GE Healthcare Life Science) and buffer B (10 mM Tris buffer pH 8.0, 200 ⁇ M sodium benzoate, 10% glycerol, 10 ⁇ M FAD) ).
- This eluate was applied to an anion exchange column Q Sepharose Fast Flow (manufactured by GE Healthcare Life Science) and eluted with a NaCl concentration gradient.
- This eluate was replaced with buffer B using Amicon Ultra-15 10 kDa (Millipore), then applied to an anion exchange column RESOURCE Q 6 mL (GE Healthcare Life Science) and eluted with a NaCl concentration gradient.
- This eluate was concentrated with Amicon Ultra-15 10 kDa and then equilibrated with buffer C (10 mM potassium phosphate buffer pH 7.4, 0.5 M NaCl, 400 ⁇ M sodium benzoate, 20 ⁇ M FAD) HiLoad 26/600 Superdex 200 pg Applied to GE Healthcare Life Sciences, the dimer fraction of DAAO protein was recovered.
- the recovered DAAO protein was replaced with buffer D (10 mM trisodium citrate, 20 ⁇ M FAD, 400 ⁇ M sodium benzoate) with Amicon Ultra-15 10 kDa, concentrated to 10 mg / mL, and stored frozen at ⁇ 80 ° C.
- Test Example 2 Inhibitory activity test at the cell level using DAAO-expressing cells This test was carried out by partially modifying the method of Philip et al. (J. Biomol. Screen. 11, 481-487, 2006). . HEK293 cells stably expressing human DAAO were suspended in a cell banker solution at 5 ⁇ 10 6 cells / mL and stored frozen at ⁇ 80 ° C. At the time of measurement, the cells were centrifuged at 1000 rpm for 1 minute to remove the cell bunker solution, and 5 ⁇ 10 6 cells / mL in FAD-containing buffer (50 mM sodium phosphate (pH 7.5), 18 ⁇ M FAD, 0.02% CHAPS). Resuspended.
- FAD-containing buffer 50 mM sodium phosphate (pH 7.5), 18 ⁇ M FAD, 0.02% CHAPS.
- test compound 4% DMSO buffer (50 mM sodium phosphate (pH 7.5), 0.02% CHAPS) to a 384-well black low-dose plate, add 4 ⁇ L of cell suspension, and add 15 ⁇ m at room temperature. Incubated for minutes. After incubation, add 4 ⁇ L of 150 mM D-alanine, 1.5 U / mL HRP and 240 ⁇ M Amplex red mixed buffer to the plate, incubate for 30 minutes at room temperature, and emit fluorescence (excitation wavelength 530 nm, fluorescence wavelength 590 nm) to the Envision plate reader (Perkin Elmer) was used for measurement.
- DMSO buffer 50 mM sodium phosphate (pH 7.5), 0.02% CHAPS
- the fluorescence value in the absence of the test compound is 100% and the fluorescence value in the absence of DAAO is 0%, it is considered that DAAO activity is inhibited when the fluorescence value decreases by 50% in the presence of the test compound.
- the concentration of the test compound at that time was defined as the IC 50 value (nM).
- Alamar blue reagent manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. was added instead of a mixed buffer of 150 mM D-alanine, 1.5 U / mL HRP and 240 ⁇ M Amplex red. (Excitation wavelength 530 nm, fluorescence wavelength 590 nm) was measured.
- the HEK293 cells that stably express human DAAO used in Test Example 2 were constructed by the following method.
- Electrophoresis after the PCR reaction revealed that approximately 1000 base pair PCR products were obtained.
- the PCR product was cloned into a cloning vector (pCR2.1-TOPO Cloning Kit; Life Technologies).
- the insert was sequenced by the dideoxy sequencing method (BigDye Terminator v3.1 Cycle Sequencing Kit; Life Technologies).
- the PCR product of about 1000 base pairs was found to be the sequence from the 154th to the 1197th of the sequence of DAAO (NM — 001917.4) registered in NCBI.
- the above-mentioned vector was subjected to an enzyme reaction at 37 ° C.
- HEK293 cells were transfected. Cells are seeded at a density of 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 per well in a collagen-coated 24-well plate (Corning) the day before transfection, and Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen) and hDAAO / pcDNA3.1 are used according to the protocol.
- Transfection was performed. Thereafter, cell passage was performed several times using 800 ⁇ g / mL geneticin to obtain a drug resistant cell line.
- To confirm the acquisition of the human DAAO-expressing cell line seed it at 2.5 ⁇ 10 4 per well in a collagen-coated 384-well plate, black clear bottom plate, and in the presence of 5% CO 2 at 37 ° C. For 24 hours. After culturing, the culture supernatant is removed, and a solution in which flavin adenine dinucleotide is added to Hanks-20 mM Hepes (pH 7.4) buffer to a concentration of 5.5 ⁇ g / mL is added to the well from which the supernatant has been removed. The reaction was performed at 37 ° C.
- Table 2 shows the results of some representative compounds.
- Ex. Indicates an example number described later.
- Some representative compounds showed good DAAO inhibitory activity even in DAAO-expressing cells. Also, some representative compounds did not show cytotoxicity.
- Test compound Ex.24 significantly increased the spontaneous alternation rate relative to the control group by oral administration of 0.03-0.1 mg / kg.
- the compound of the formula (I) can be used as a preventive and / or therapeutic agent for diseases involving DAAO, particularly schizophrenia and neuropathic pain.
- a pharmaceutical composition containing one or more compounds of the compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof as an active ingredient is an excipient usually used in the art, that is, a pharmaceutical excipient or a pharmaceutical carrier.
- a solid composition for oral administration tablets, powders, granules and the like are used.
- one or more active ingredients are combined with at least one inert excipient such as lactose, mannitol, glucose, hydroxypropylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone. And / or mixed with magnesium aluminate metasilicate.
- the composition may contain an inert additive, for example, a lubricant such as magnesium stearate, a disintegrant such as sodium carboxymethyl starch, a stabilizer, and a solubilizing agent according to a conventional method. .
- tablets or pills may be coated with a sugar coating or a film of a gastric or enteric substance.
- Liquid compositions for oral administration include pharmaceutically acceptable emulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups or elixirs and the like, and commonly used inert diluents such as purified water. Or it contains ethanol.
- the liquid composition may contain solubilizers, wetting agents, auxiliaries such as suspending agents, sweeteners, flavors, fragrances and preservatives in addition to the inert diluent.
- the injection for parenteral administration contains a sterile aqueous or non-aqueous solution, suspension or emulsion.
- aqueous solvent include distilled water for injection or physiological saline.
- Non-aqueous solvents include, for example, vegetable oils such as propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol or olive oil, alcohols such as ethanol, or polysorbate 80 (Pharmacopeia name).
- Such compositions may further contain isotonic agents, preservatives, wetting agents, emulsifiers, dispersants, stabilizers, or solubilizing agents. These are sterilized by, for example, filtration through a bacteria-retaining filter, blending with a bactericide or irradiation. These can also be used by producing a sterile solid composition and dissolving or suspending it in sterile water or a sterile solvent for injection before use.
- External preparations include ointments, plasters, creams, jellies, poultices, sprays, lotions, eye drops, eye ointments and the like.
- ointment bases aqueous or non-aqueous solutions, suspensions, emulsions, and the like.
- an ointment or lotion base polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, white petrolatum, honey beeswax, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, glyceryl monostearate, stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, lauromacrogol, sorbitan sesquioleate, etc. Is mentioned.
- a transmucosal agent such as an inhalant or a nasal agent is used in a solid, liquid, or semi-solid state, and can be produced according to a conventionally known method.
- known excipients, and further pH adjusters, preservatives, surfactants, lubricants, stabilizers, thickeners and the like may be added as appropriate.
- an appropriate device for inhalation or insufflation can be used.
- a known device such as a metered dose inhalation device or a nebulizer
- the compound is administered alone or as a powder in a formulated mixture or as a solution or suspension in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. be able to.
- the dry powder inhaler or the like may be for single or multiple administration, and a dry powder or a powder-containing capsule can be used. Alternatively, it may be in the form of a pressurized aerosol spray using a suitable propellant, for example, a suitable gas such as chlorofluoroalkane, hydrofluoroalkane or carbon dioxide.
- a suitable propellant for example, a suitable gas such as chlorofluoroalkane, hydrofluoroalkane or carbon dioxide.
- the appropriate daily dose is about 0.001 to 100 mg / kg, preferably 0.1 to 30 mg / kg, more preferably 0.1 to 1 mg / kg per body weight. Or in 2 to 4 divided doses.
- the appropriate daily dose is about 0.0001 to 10 mg / kg per body weight, and is administered once to several times a day.
- a transmucosal agent about 0.001 to 100 mg / kg per body weight is administered once to several times a day. The dose is appropriately determined according to individual cases in consideration of symptoms, age, sex, and the like.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is 0.01 to 100% by weight, and in one embodiment, 0.01 to 50% by weight of the active ingredient, although it varies depending on the administration route, dosage form, administration site, excipient and additive type. Contains one or more compounds of formula (I) or salts thereof.
- the compound of the formula (I) can be used in combination with various therapeutic agents or preventive agents for diseases for which the compound of the formula (I) is considered to be effective.
- the combination may be administered simultaneously, separately separately, or at desired time intervals.
- the simultaneous administration preparation may be a compounding agent or may be separately formulated.
- the manufacturing method of the compound of Formula (I) is demonstrated in detail.
- this invention is not limited to the compound as described in the following Example.
- the manufacturing method of a raw material compound is shown to a manufacture example.
- the production method of the compound of the formula (I) is not limited to the production methods of the specific examples shown below, and the compound of the formula (I) may be a combination of these production methods or a person skilled in the art. It can also be produced by methods that are self-evident.
- PS-carbodiimide in Example 11 represents a polystyrene resin carrying a carbodiimide as a condensing agent.
- M in Production Examples and Examples indicates mol / L. HCl in the structural formula indicates a hydrochloride.
- the reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate, water was added, the organic layer was separated, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and the solvent was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- the obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain a crude product (500 mg).
- t-butoxypotassium 400 mg was added to a toluene solution (5 mL) of benzyl alcohol (380 mg) in an argon atmosphere under ice-cooling, and the mixture was stirred.
- Example 1 Add 10% palladium-carbon (90 mg) to an ethanol solution (8 mL) of 3,4-bis (benzyloxy) -6-[(E) -2-phenylvinyl] pyridazine (272 mg), and bring it to room temperature under a hydrogen atmosphere. And stirred for 4 hours. The catalyst was filtered off through Celite filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. Ethyl acetate-chloroform was added to the residue, and the resulting solid was collected by filtration and dried under reduced pressure to obtain 3-hydroxy-6- (2-phenylethyl) pyridazin-4 (1H) -one (60 mg).
- Example 2 To a solution of 3,4-bis (benzyloxy) -6-[(E) -2- (4-chlorophenyl) vinyl] pyridazine (150 mg) in dichloromethane (5 mL) at ⁇ 78 ° C. with 1M boron tribromide Dichloromethane solution (770 ⁇ L) was added and stirred at 0 ° C. for 3 hours. After stopping the reaction by adding methanol, the solvent was concentrated under reduced pressure.
- Example 3 Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 10% palladium-barium sulfate (120 mg) was suspended in ethanol (10 mL), and 3,4-bis (benzyloxy) -6-[(2-naphthyloxy) methyl] pyridazine (120 mg) was added. . The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 hours under a hydrogen atmosphere. The catalyst was removed by Celite filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was washed with diethyl ether, and the resulting solid was filtered off and dried under reduced pressure to give 3-hydroxy-6-[(2-naphthyloxy) methyl] pyridazin-4 (1H) -one (30 mg).
- Example 4 A dimethylformamide solution (130 mL) of 3- (chloromethyl) [1,4] benzodioxino [2,3-c] pyridazine (941 mg) was prepared. To this solution (1 mL), 2-fluorophenol (4.5 mg), potassium carbonate (5 mg) and potassium iodide (5 mg) were added and stirred at room temperature for 20 hours. Water was added to the reaction solution and extracted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure, 1 mL of a toluene (150 mL) solution of paramethoxybenzyl alcohol (1.2 mL) separately prepared in the residue was added, and the mixture was stirred at 120 ° C. for 17 hours.
- 2-fluorophenol 4.5 mg
- potassium carbonate 5 mg
- potassium iodide potassium iodide
- Example 5 A solution of 2- (chloromethyl) -5-[(4-methoxybenzyl) oxy] pyridin-4 (1H) -one (1.62 g) in dimethylformamide (184 mL) was prepared. To this solution (1 mL), 1,4′-bipiperidin-4-ol (7.4 mg) and potassium carbonate (6 mg) were added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 22 hours and further at 60 ° C. for 3 days. Water was added to the reaction solution and extracted with chloroform. The organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure, thioanisole (100 ⁇ L) and trifluoroacetic acid (1 mL) were added to the residue, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 21 hours.
- Example 6 To a solution of 3- (bromomethyl) [1,4] benzodioxino [2,3-c] pyridazine (500 mg) in N, N-dimethylformamide (10 mL), potassium iodide (29 mg), potassium carbonate (620 mg) and 3, 5-difluorophenol (350 mg) was added and stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. Water was added to the reaction solution, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and saturated brine, and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product 6 (350 mg).
- t-butoxypotassium 300 mg was added to a toluene solution (5 mL) of benzyl alcohol (280 ⁇ L) under ice cooling, and the mixture was stirred for 15 minutes.
- a mixed solvent 15 mL of N, N-dimethylformamide-toluene (1: 2) of crude product 6 (350 mg) was added at 0 ° C., and the mixture was stirred at 110 ° C. for 5 hours.
- Ethyl acetate was added to the reaction solution, and the organic layer was washed with 1M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and saturated brine, and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
- Example 7 Acetic acid (20 mL) was added to 5-chloro-3-hydroxypyridin-2 (1H) -one (500 mg), and N-bromosuccinimide (734 mg) was added at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 5 hours. The obtained solid was collected by filtration and washed with ethyl acetate. The resulting residue was purified by reverse phase column chromatography (methanol-0.1% formic acid aqueous solution), solidified with dimethylformamide, and 6-bromo-5-chloro-3-hydroxypyridin-2 (1H) -one (40 mg) Got.
- Example 8 To a suspension of 55% sodium hydride (1.6 g) in tetrahydrofuran (100 mL) was added 6-bromo-5-chloro-3-hydroxypyridin-2 (1H) -one (2.71 g), and chloromethyl methyl ether (2.8 mL) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. Water was added and extracted with chloroform, and the organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain a crude product 7 (1.22 g).
- 1,2-dimethoxyethane (18 mL), 2M aqueous sodium carbonate solution (2 mL), trimethylboroxine (480 ⁇ L) and tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (377 mg) were added to the obtained crude product 7 (1.02 g).
- the mixture was stirred at 130 ° C. for 1 hour in an argon atmosphere and under microwave irradiation. Water was added and extracted with chloroform, and the organic phase was concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain crude product 8 (255 mg).
- Example 9 5-Bromo-3-hydroxypyridin-2 (1H) -one (500 mg) was added to a suspension of 55% sodium hydride (253 mg) in dimethylformamide (15 mL) under ice cooling. After stirring at room temperature for 1 hour, chloromethyl methyl ether (435 ⁇ L) was added under ice cooling, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. Water was added and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the solvent was concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (chloroform-methanol) to obtain a crude product 9 (149 mg).
- the obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain a crude product 10 (114 mg). Subsequently, the obtained crude product 10 (114 mg) was dissolved in ethanol (10 mL), 10% palladium-carbon (50 mg) and ethanol (10 mL) were added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours under a hydrogen atmosphere. The catalyst was filtered off by Celite filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a crude product 11 (94 mg).
- Example 10 To a suspension of 55% sodium hydride (1.6 g) in tetrahydrofuran (100 mL), add 6-bromo-5-chloro-3-hydroxypyridin-2 (1H) -one (2.71 g) and chloromethyl methyl ether (2.8 mL). ) Was added and stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. Water was added and extracted with chloroform, and the organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain a crude product 12 (1.22 g).
- composition organism 12 (1.02 g) was dissolved in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (18 mL), and trimethylboroxine (479 ⁇ L), tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (377 mg) and 2M aqueous sodium carbonate solution (2 mL) were added.
- the mixture was stirred at 130 ° C. for 1 hour under microwave irradiation. After allowing to cool, water was added and the mixture was extracted with chloroform, and the organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain a crude product 13 (255 mg).
- the obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain a crude product 14 (92 mg). Subsequently, a crude product 14 (38 mg) separately synthesized was added to the composition organism 14 by the same method as described above. 10% Palladium-carbon (100 mg) was added to a solution of the mixed crude product 14 (130 mg) in ethanol (10 mL), and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours in a hydrogen atmosphere. The catalyst was filtered off through Celite filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain crude product 15 (77 mg).
- Example 11 Prepare a solution of 3- (5-hydroxy-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridazin-3-yl) propionic acid (215 mg) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (158 mg) in N, N-dimethylformamide (100 mL). The solution (1 mL) was added to an N-methylpyrrolidinone solution (0.5 mol / L, 30 ⁇ L) of N, N-dimethylethylenediamine, and PS-carbodiimide (50 mg) was added and stirred for 16 hours.
- Example 24 A mixture of 10% palladium-carbon (280 mg), ethanol (25 mL), 3,4-bis (benzyloxy) -6-[(E) -2- (3,5-difluorophenyl) vinyl] pyridazine (710 mg) The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour under a hydrogen atmosphere. The catalyst was filtered off through Celite filtration, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. Diethyl ether was added to the residue, and the obtained solid was dried under reduced pressure to obtain 6- [2- (3,5-difluorophenyl) ethyl] -4-hydroxypyridazin-3 (2H) -one (140 mg).
- Tables 3 to 17 below show the chemical structural formulas, production methods and physicochemical data of the production example compounds
- Tables 18 to 34 show the chemical structural formulas of the example compounds
- Tables 35 to 45 show the examples of the example compounds. Manufacturing method and physicochemical data are shown.
- Tables 46 to 57 below show structures of other compounds of the present invention. These can be easily synthesized by using the above-described production methods, the methods described in the Examples, methods obvious to those skilled in the art, or variations thereof.
- the compound of formula (I) or a salt thereof has a DAAO inhibitory action and can be used, for example, as an agent for preventing and / or treating schizophrenia and neuropathic pain.
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Abstract
Description
D-セリンはセリンラセマーゼによりL-セリンから生成され、D-アミノ酸酸化酵素(DAAO)によって代謝される。DAAOは脳内で広範囲に分布していることから(非特許文献4)、DAAOの阻害が、脳内のD-セリン濃度を向上させ、認知機能を改善すると期待される。
また、DAAOはD-セリン酸化に伴い毒性代謝物である過酸化水素等の活性酸素種を生成する。活性酸素種は痛覚過敏などの神経因性疼痛に関与することが知られている(非特許文献5)。さらに、上記毒性代謝物はニューロンの損傷を引き起こす可能性もあることから、DAAOの阻害は統合失調症、双極性障害を初めとする精神疾患、アルツハイマー病、パーキンソン病及び、ハンチントン病などの学習および記憶が損なわれる疾患、さらに神経因性疼痛、神経変性疾患に有用であると考えられる。
Xは、CR2又はNであり、
Yは、CH又はNであり、但し、XがCR2の場合YはNであり、
Zは、CHであり、但し、X及びYが共にNの場合は、ZはNであってもよく、
R1は、H、C1-10アルキル、-低級アルキレン-OR3、ハロゲン、置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル、-L1-R4又は-L2-N(-R5)R6であり、
R2は、H、低級アルキル、ハロゲン又は-低級アルキレン-アリールであり、
R3は、H又は低級アルキルであり、
L1は、-低級アルキレン-、-低級アルケニレン-、-低級アルキレン-O-、-低級アルキレン-S(O)m-又は-低級アルキレン-C(O)-であり、
L2は、-低級アルキレン-、-低級アルキレン-S(O)2-又は-低級アルキレン-C(O)-であり、
R4は、置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環又は置換されていてもよい芳香族ヘテロ環であり、
R5は、H、低級アルキル、置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル又は置換されていてもよいアリールであり、
R6は、低級アルキル、-L21-(置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル)、-L21-(置換されていてもよいアリール)、-L21-(置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環)、-L21-(置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環)、-低級アルキレン-OR7又は-低級アルキレン-N(R8)2であり、
R7は、H又は低級アルキルであり、
R8は、同一又は互いに異なって低級アルキルであり、
L21は、結合又は-低級アルキレン-であり、及び
mは、0から2の整数である。)
また、本発明は、DAAOが関与する疾患、特に、統合失調症、神経因性疼痛の治療用医薬組成物の製造のための式(I)の化合物又はその塩の使用、DAAOが関与する疾患、特に、統合失調症、神経因性疼痛の治療のための式(I)の化合物又はその塩の使用、DAAOが関与する疾患、特に、統合失調症、神経因性疼痛の治療のための式(I)の化合物又はその塩、及び、式(I)の化合物又はその塩の有効量を対象に投与することからなるDAAOが関与する疾患、特に、統合失調症、神経因性疼痛の治療方法に関する。なお、「対象」とは、その予防又は治療を必要とするヒト又はその他の動物であり、ある態様としては、その予防又は治療を必要とするヒトである。
D1群
(1)ハロゲン、
(2)-OH、
(3)ハロゲン、-O-低級アルキル、1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキル及び-CNからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリール、-O-(ハロゲン、1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、-O-低級アルキル及び-C(O)O-低級アルキルからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリール)、-C(O)-(低級アルキル、-O-低級アルキル及びハロゲンからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリール)及び-C(O)-低級アルケニレン-アリール、
(4)-O-低級アルキル、
(5)低級アルキル及びアリールからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環、-O-(低級アルキル及びハロゲンからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環)及び-C(O)-(低級アルキル及びハロゲンからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環)、
(6)-OH、低級アルキル及びオキソからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環、-O-(低級アルキル及びハロゲンからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環)及び-C(O)-(低級アルキル及びハロゲンからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環)、
(7)-NH2、-NH(低級アルキル)及び-N(低級アルキル)2、
(8)シクロアルキル及び-C(O)-シクロアルキル、
(9)-C(O)O-低級アルキル、
(10)-C(O)-低級アルキル、
(11)-NH-C(O)-低級アルキル、
(12)-S(O)m-低級アルキル、-S(O)m-非芳香族へテロ環、-S(O)m-(1以上の低級アルキルで置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環)及び-S(O)m-(低級アルキル及びハロゲンからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリール)、
(13)-O-C(O)-低級アルキル、
(14)-C(O)-NH-芳香族へテロ環、
(15)-低級アルケニレン-C(O)O-アリール、
(16)-NH-シクロアルキル、
(17)-低級アルケニレン-C(O)O-アルキル、及び
(18)上記(1)~(17)に記載の置換基からなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で、低級アルキル部分がそれぞれ置換されていてもよい低級アルキル及び-O-低級アルキル、並びに
(19)オキソである。
(1)ハロゲン、
(2)-OH、
(3)ハロゲン、-O-低級アルキル及び-CNからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリール、-O-(ハロゲン、1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、-O-低級アルキル及び-C(O)O-低級アルキルからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリール)、-C(O)-(-O-低級アルキル及びハロゲンからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリール)及び-C(O)-低級アルケニレン-アリール、
(4)-O-低級アルキル及び-O-(1以上のハロゲンで置換されたアリール及びハロゲンからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい低級アルキル)、
(5)ハロゲン、-OH、-N(低級アルキル)2、-O-低級アルキル、シクロアルキル、アリール、-O-アリール、芳香族へテロ環、非芳香族へテロ環及び-C(O)-非芳香族へテロ環からなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、
(6)非芳香族へテロ環、-O-非芳香族へテロ環及び-C(O)-非芳香族へテロ環、
(7)芳香族へテロ環、-O-芳香族へテロ環及び-C(O)-芳香族へテロ環、
(8)-C(O)O-低級アルキル、
(9)-C(O)-低級アルキル、
(10)シクロアルキル及び-C(O)-シクロアルキル、
(11)-N(低級アルキル)2、
(12)-NH-C(O)-低級アルキル、
(13)-S-低級アルキル、-S(O)2-低級アルキル、-S(O)2-非芳香族へテロ環、-S(O)2-(1以上の低級アルキルで置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環)、-S(O)2-(低級アルキル及びハロゲンからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されたアリール)、
(14)-O-C(O)-低級アルキル、
(15)-C(O)-NH-芳香族へテロ環、
(16)-NH-シクロアルキル、並びに
(17)オキソである。
(1)ハロゲン、
(2)アリール、
(3)-O-(1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキル)、並びに
(4)1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキルである。
(1)ハロゲン、
(2)1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、及び
(3)アリールである。
(1)ハロゲン、-OH及び-O-低級アルキルからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、
(2)ハロゲン、
(3)-OH、
(4)低級アルキル、ハロゲン、-OH、-O-低級アルキル及びC3-10シクロアルキルからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリール、並びに
(5)オキソを挙げることができる。
(1)ハロゲン、-OH、-O-低級アルキル、アリール及び-O-アリールからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で、低級アルキル部分がそれぞれ置換されていてもよい低級アルキル及び-O-低級アルキル、
(2)ハロゲン、
(3)-OH、
(4)1以上の低級アルキルで、シクロアルキル部分がそれぞれ置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル及び-O-シクロアルキル、
(5)シアノ、
(6)低級アルキル、ハロゲン、-OH、-O-低級アルキル、-O-(1以上のハロゲンで置換された低級アルキル)及び1以上のハロゲンで置換された低級アルキルからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で、アリール部分がそれぞれ置換されていてもよいアリール、-O-アリール、-C(O)-アリール及び-C(O)-低級アルケニレン-アリール、
(7)低級アルキル及びハロゲンからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で、芳香族へテロ環部分がそれぞれ置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環及び-O-芳香族へテロ環、
(8)低級アルキル及びハロゲンからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で、非芳香族へテロ環部分がそれぞれ置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環及び-O-非芳香族ヘテロ環、
(9)ハロゲン及び-OHからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で、低級アルキル部分がそれぞれ置換されていてもよい-C(O)-低級アルキル、-C(O)O-低級アルキル、-NH-C(O)-低級アルキル及び-低級アルケニレン-C(O)O-低級アルキル、
(10)-NH2、-NHR8及び-N(R8)2、
(11)-S-低級アルキル、-S(O)-低級アルキル及び-S(O)2-低級アルキル、並びに
(12)-NH-C(O)-低級アルキルを挙げることができる。
(1)-OH、-O-低級アルキル、ハロゲン、アリール及び-O-アリールからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、
(2)ハロゲン、
(3)-O-(ハロゲン及び-OHからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい低級アルキル)、
(4)1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよいアリール、
(5)-O-(1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキルで置換されていてもよいアリール)、
(6)-C(O)-アリール、
(7)-C(O)-低級アルケニレン-アリール、
(8)-NH-C(O)-低級アルキル、
(9)芳香族へテロ環、
(10)非芳香族へテロ環、
(11)-C(O)-低級アルキル、
(12)-S-低級アルキル及び-S(O)2-低級アルキル、
(13)-低級アルケニレン-C(O)O-低級アルキル、
(14)シクロアルキル、
(15)-O-非芳香族へテロ環、並びに
(16)-C(O)O-低級アルキルを挙げることができる。
(1)1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、
(2)ハロゲン、並びに
(3)アリールを挙げることができる。
(1)ハロゲン、-OH及び-O-低級アルキルからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で、低級アルキル部分がそれぞれ置換されていてもよい低級アルキル及び-O-低級アルキル、
(2)ハロゲン、
(3)低級アルキル、ハロゲン、-OH、-O-低級アルキル、-O-(1以上のハロゲンで置換された低級アルキル)及び1以上のハロゲンで置換された低級アルキルからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリール、
(4)低級アルキル及びハロゲンからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で、非芳香族へテロ環部分がそれぞれ置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環及び-O-非芳香族ヘテロ環、並びに
(5)オキソを挙げることができる。
(1)1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、
(2)ハロゲン、
(3)-O-低級アルキル、
(4)-O-非芳香族へテロ環、及び
(5)アリールを挙げることができる。
(1)ハロゲン、-OH、-O-低級アルキル、シクロアルキル、アリール(但し、アリールは、低級アルキル、ハロゲン、1以上のハロゲンで置換された低級アルキル及び-O-低級アルキルからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい)、-O-アリール(但し、-O-アリールのアリール部分は、低級アルキル、ハロゲン、1以上のハロゲンで置換された低級アルキル及び-O-低級アルキルからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい)、芳香族へテロ環(但し、芳香族へテロ環は1以上の低級アルキルで置換されていてもよい)、非芳香族ヘテロ環(但し、非芳香族へテロ環はオキソで置換されていてもよい)、-C(O)-芳香族へテロ環、-C(O)-非芳香族へテロ環及び-N(低級アルキル)2からなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で、低級アルキル部分がそれぞれ置換されていてもよい低級アルキル及び-L21-O-低級アルキル、
(2)ハロゲン、
(3)-OH、
(4)1以上の低級アルキルで、シクロアルキル部分がそれぞれ置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル、-O-シクロアルキル、-NH-シクロアルキル及び-C(O)-シクロアルキル、
(5)低級アルキル、ハロゲン、-O-低級アルキル、-C(O)O-低級アルキル及び-CNからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で、アリール部分がそれぞれ置換されていてもよい-L21-アリール、-O-アリール、-C(O)-アリール及び-S(O)m-アリール、
(6)低級アルキル、アリール、ハロゲン及び-OHからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で、芳香族へテロ環部分がそれぞれ置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環、-O-芳香族へテロ環、-C(O)-芳香族へテロ環、-C(O)NH-芳香族へテロ環及び-S(O)m-芳香族へテロ環、
(7)低級アルキル、ハロゲン、-OH、-O-低級アルキル及びオキソからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で、非芳香族へテロ環部分がそれぞれ置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環、-O-非芳香族へテロ環、-C(O)-非芳香族ヘテロ環及び-S(O)m-非芳香族ヘテロ環、
(8)ハロゲン及び-OHからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で、低級アルキル部分がそれぞれ置換されていてもよい-C(O)O-低級アルキル、-OC(O)-低級アルキル、-S(O)2-低級アルキル及び-N(低級アルキル)2、並びに
(9)オキソを挙げることができる。
(1)1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、ハロゲン及び-O-低級アルキルからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリール、-O-アリール、1以上の低級アルキルで置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環、オキソで置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環、-C(O)-非芳香族へテロ環、シクロアルキル、-O-低級アルキル及び-N(低級アルキル)2からなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、
(2)-O-(1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよいアリールで置換されていてもよい低級アルキル)、
(3)ハロゲン、
(4)-OH、
(5)-CN及び-O-低級アルキルからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリール、
(6)-O-(低級アルキル、ハロゲン、-O-低級アルキル及び-C(O)O-低級アルキルからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリール)、
(7)-C(O)-(-O-低級アルキル及びハロゲンからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリール)、
(8)-S(O)2-(低級アルキル及びハロゲンからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリール)、
(9)低級アルキル、-OH及びオキソからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環、
(10)-O-非芳香族へテロ環、
(11)-C(O)-非芳香族へテロ環、
(12)-S(O)2-非芳香族へテロ環、
(13)1以上のアリールで置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環、
(14)-O-(低級アルキル及びハロゲンからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環)、
(15)-C(O)-芳香族へテロ環、
(16)-S(O)2-(1以上の低級アルキルで置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環)、
(17)-C(O)-NH-芳香族へテロ環、
(18)シクロアルキル、
(19)-C(O)-シクロアルキル、
(20)-NH-シクロアルキル、
(21)オキソ、
(22)-S(O)2-低級アルキル、
(23)-C(O)O-低級アルキル、
(24)-O-C(O)O-低級アルキル、
(25)-O-C(O)-低級アルキル、並びに
(26)-N(低級アルキル)2を挙げることができる。
(1)ハロゲン及び-O-低級アルキルからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、-S(O)2-低級アルキル、-C(O)O-低級アルキル及び-O-C(O)-低級アルキル、
(2)1以上の-CNで置換されていてもよいアリール、-低級アルキレン-O-アリール、-低級アルキレン-(1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、ハロゲン及び-O-低級アルキルからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリール)、-C(O)-(-O-低級アルキル及びハロゲンからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリール)、-O-(低級アルキル、ハロゲン、-O-低級アルキル及び-C(O)-O-低級アルキルからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリール)、-O-低級アルキレン-(1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよいアリール)及び-S(O)2-(ハロゲン及び低級アルキルからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリール)、
(3)オキソ、-OH及び低級アルキルからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環、-S(O)2-非芳香族へテロ環、-C(O)-非芳香族へテロ環、-低級アルキレン-C(O)-非芳香族へテロ環及び-低級アルキレン-(1以上のオキソで置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環)、
(4)1以上のアリールで置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環、-O-(低級アルキル及びハロゲンからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環)、-C(O)-芳香族へテロ環、-S(O)2-(1以上の低級アルキルで置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環)、-C(O)-NH-芳香族へテロ環及び-低級アルキレン-(1以上の低級アルキルで置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環)、
(5)シクロアルキル、-低級アルキレン-シクロアルキル、-C(O)-シクロアルキル及び-NH-シクロアルキル、
(6)-低級アルキレン-N(低級アルキル)2、
(7)オキソ、並びに
(8)-N(低級アルキル)2が挙げられる。
(2)R1のある態様としては、R1が-L1-R4であり、別の態様としては、R1がC1-10アルキル、-低級アルキレン-OR3、ハロゲン、置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル又は-低級アルキレン-(置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル)であり、別の態様としては、R1が-L1-(低級アルキル、ハロゲン、1以上のハロゲンで置換された低級アルキル、-O-低級アルキル、-O-低級アルキレン-OH、-O-(1以上のハロゲンで置換された低級アルキル)、-S(O)m-低級アルキル、シクロアルキル、置換されていてもよいアリール、-低級アルキレン-アリール、-O-アリール、芳香族へテロ環、非芳香族へテロ環、-C(O)-低級アルキル、-C(O)-アリール、-C(O)-低級アルケニレン-アリール、-NH-C(O)-低級アルキル及び-低級アルケニレン-C(O)O-低級アルキルからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリール)であり、さらに別の態様としては、R1が-L1-(ハロゲン、1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、-O-(1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキル)及びアリールからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリール)であり、さらに別の態様としては、R1が-L1-(1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、ハロゲン及びアリールからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリール)であり、さらに別の態様としては、R1が-L1-置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、さらに別の態様としては、R1が-低級アルキレン-C(O)-(低級アルキル、-N(低級アルキル)2、-低級アルキレン-フェニル、-低級アルキレン-O-低級アルキル、-低級アルキレン-O-フェニル及びモルホリニル基からなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環)であり、さらに別の態様としては、R1が-低級アルキレン-(置換されていてもよい芳香族ヘテロ環)であり、さらに別の態様としては、R1が-L2-N(-R5)R6であり、さらに別の態様としては、R1が-低級アルキレン-(低級アルキル、ハロゲン、1以上のハロゲンで置換された低級アルキル、-O-低級アルキル、-O-(1以上のハロゲンで置換された低級アルキル)及び置換されていてもよいアリールからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいフェニル)であり、さらに別の態様としては、R1が-低級アルキレン-(1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、ハロゲン及びアリールからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいフェニル)であり、またさらに別の態様としては、R1が-低級アルキレン-O-(低級アルキル、ハロゲン、1以上のハロゲンで置換された低級アルキル、-O-低級アルキル、-O-(1以上のハロゲンで置換された低級アルキル)、シクロアルキル、-L21-フェニル、-O-置換されていてもよいアリール、-C(O)-低級アルキル、-C(O)-フェニル、-C(O)-低級アルケニレン-アリール、-低級アルケニレン-C(O)O-低級アルキル、-NH-C(O)-低級アルキル、-S(O)2-低級アルキル、ピペリジル基及びキノリニル基からなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいフェニル)である。
(3)R2のある態様としては、R2がH又は低級アルキルであり、別の態様としては、R2がHである。
(4)R3のある態様としては、R3が低級アルキルであり、別の態様としては、R3がHである。
(5)R4のある態様としては、R4が置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル又は置換されていてもよいアリールであり、別の態様としては、R4がD1群からなる群より選択される1以上の置換基でそれぞれ置換されていてもよい、シクロアルキル又はアリールであり、別の態様としては、R4がD1群からなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリールであり、さらに別の態様としては、D1群からなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいシクロアルキルであり、さらに別の態様としては、R4がハロゲン、1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、-O-(1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキル)及びアリールからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリールであり、またさらに別の態様としては、R4が1以上のハロゲンで置換されていもよい低級アルキル、ハロゲン及びアリールからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリールである。
(6)R5のある態様としては、R5がH又は低級アルキルであり、別の態様としては、R5がHであり、さらに別の態様としては、R5が低級アルキルである。
(7)R6のある態様としては、R6が-低級アルキレン-N(R8)2、-低級アルキレン-(1以上の非芳香族ヘテロ環で置換されていてもよいアリール)、-低級アルキレン-(1以上の低級アルキルで置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環)、-低級アルキレン-芳香族へテロ環であり、別の態様としては、R6が-低級アルキレン-N(R8)2であり、さらに別の態様としては、R6が-低級アルキレン-(1以上の非芳香族ヘテロ環で置換されていてもよいアリール)であり、さらに別の態様としては、R6が-低級アルキレン-(1以上の低級アルキルで置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環)であり、またさらに別の態様としては、R6が-低級アルキレン-芳香族へテロ環である。
(8)R7のある態様としては、Hである。
(9)R8のある態様としては、R8がいずれもメチルである。
(10)L1のある態様としては、L1が-低級アルキレン-、-低級アルキレン-O-、-低級アルキレン-S-又は-低級アルキレン-C(O)-であり、別の態様としては、L1が-低級アルキレン-、-低級アルキレン-O-又は-低級アルキレン-S-であり、さらに別の態様としては、L1が-低級アルキレン-であり、さらに別の態様としては、L1が-低級アルキレン-O-であり、さらに別の態様としては、L1がメチレン又はエチレンであり、またさらに別の態様としては、L1がエチレンである。
(11)L2のある態様としては、L2が-低級アルキレン-又は-低級アルキレン-C(O)-であり、別の態様としては、L2が-低級アルキレン-であり、さらに別の態様としては、L2が-低級アルキレン-C(O)-であり、さらに別の態様としては、L2がメチレン又はエチレンであり、またさらに別の態様としては、L2がエチレンである。
(12)L21のある態様としては、L21が-低級アルキレン-である。
(13)上記(1)~(12)に記載の基の二以上の組み合わせである化合物又はその塩。
(15)ZがCH、R1が-L1-(低級アルキル、ハロゲン、1以上のハロゲンで置換された低級アルキル、-O-低級アルキル、-O-低級アルキレン-OH、-O-(1以上のハロゲンで置換された低級アルキル)、-S(O)m-低級アルキル、シクロアルキル、置換されていてもよいアリール、-低級アルキレン-アリール、-O-アリール、芳香族へテロ環、非芳香族へテロ環、-C(O)-低級アルキル、-C(O)-アリール、-C(O)-低級アルケニレン-アリール、-NH-C(O)-低級アルキル及び-低級アルケニレン-C(O)O-低級アルキルからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリール)である化合物又はその塩。
(16)ZがCH、R1が-低級アルキレン-C(O)-(低級アルキル、-N(低級アルキル)2、-低級アルキレン-フェニル、-低級アルキレン-O-低級アルキル、-低級アルキレン-O-フェニル及びモルホリニル基からなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環)である化合物又はその塩。
(17)ZがCH、R1が-低級アルキレン-(置換されていてもよい芳香族ヘテロ環)である化合物又はその塩。
(18)XがN、YがN及びZがCHであり、R1が-L1-R4であり、L1が-低級アルキレン-、-低級アルキレン-O-又は-低級アルキレン-S-であり、R4が置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル又は置換されていてもよいアリールである化合物又はその塩。
(19)R4がハロゲン、1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、-O-(1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキル)及びアリールからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリールである(18)記載の化合物又はその塩。
(20)R4が1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、ハロゲン及びアリールからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリールである(19)記載の化合物又はその塩。
(21)L1が-低級アルキレン-である(20)記載の化合物又はその塩。
(22)ZがCH、R1が-L2-N(-R5)R6である化合物又はその塩。
(23)R3が低級アルキルである(14)記載の化合物又はその塩。
(24)R5がH又は低級アルキルである(22)記載の化合物又はその塩。
(25)R6が-低級アルキレン-N(R8)2、-低級アルキレン-(1以上の非芳香族ヘテロ環で置換されていてもよいアリール)、-低級アルキレン-(1以上の低級アルキルで置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環)又は-低級アルキレン-芳香族へテロ環である(22)又は(24)記載の化合物又はその塩。
(26)R8がいずれもメチルである(25)記載の化合物又はその塩。
(27)L1が-低級アルキレン-、-低級アルキレン-O-、-低級アルキレン-S-又は-低級アルキレン-C(O)-である(15)記載の化合物又はその塩。
(28)L2が-低級アルキレン-又は-低級アルキレン-C(O)-である(22)記載の化合物又はその塩。
4-ヒドロキシ-6-{2-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]エチル}ピリダジン-3(2H)-オン、
4-ヒドロキシ-6-[2-(4-メチルフェニル)エチル]ピリダジン-3(2H)-オン、
6-[2-(ビフェニル-4-イル)エチル]-4-ヒドロキシピリダジン-3(2H)-オン、
4-ヒドロキシ-6-{2-[3-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]エチル}ピリダジン-3(2H)-オン、
6-[2-(3-フルオロフェニル)エチル]-4-ヒドロキシピリダジン-3(2H)-オン、
4-ヒドロキシ-6-[2-(3-メチルフェニル)エチル]ピリダジン-3(2H)-オン、
6-[2-(2,4-ジフルオロフェニル)エチル]-4-ヒドロキシピリダジン-3(2H)-オン、
4-ヒドロキシ-6-[2-(2-メチルフェニル)エチル]ピリダジン-3(2H)-オン、
6-[2-(3,5-ジフルオロフェニル)エチル]-4-ヒドロキシピリダジン-3(2H)-オン、
6-(2-シクロヘキシルエチル)-4-ヒドロキシピリダジン-3(2H)-オン、又は、
4-ヒドロキシ-6-[2-(1-ナフチル)エチル]ピリダジン-3(2H)-オン、
或いはこれらの塩。
また、式(I)の化合物には、不斉炭素原子や軸不斉を有する場合があり、これに基づく光学異性体が存在しうる。本発明は、式(I)の化合物の光学異性体の分離されたもの、あるいはそれらの混合物も包含する。
さらに、式(I)の化合物は複数の共鳴構造を有する場合がある。本発明はそのうちの1つを記載しているが、これに限定されるものではない。下記に、例えば実施例1(Ex.1)の共鳴構造式 (Ex.1-1~Ex.1-3)を示す。なお、Ex.は後記実施例番号を示す。)。
式(I)の化合物及びその塩は、その基本構造あるいは置換基の種類に基づく特徴を利用し、種々の公知の合成法を適用して製造することができる。その際、官能基の種類によっては、当該官能基を原料から中間体へ至る段階で適当な保護基(容易に当該官能基に転化可能な基)に置き換えておくことが製造技術上効果的な場合がある。このような保護基としては、例えば、ウッツ(P.G.M.Wuts)及びグリーン(T.W.Greene)著、「Greene’s Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis(第4版、2006年)」に記載の保護基等を挙げることができ、これらの反応条件に応じて適宜選択して用いればよい。このような方法では、当該保護基を導入して反応を行なったあと、必要に応じて保護基を除去することにより、所望の化合物を得ることができる。
また、式(I)の化合物のプロドラッグは、上記保護基と同様、原料から中間体へ至る段階で特定の基を導入、あるいは得られた式(I)の化合物を用いてさらに反応を行なうことで製造できる。反応は通常のエステル化、アミド化、脱水等、当業者に公知の方法を適用することにより行うことができる。
また、化合物1aのR1'が-低級アルキニレン-OR3、置換されていてもよいシクロアルケニル、-低級アルケニレン-R4、-低級アルケニレン-C(O)-R4、-低級アルケニレン-N(-R5)R6、-低級アルケニレン-C(O)-N(-R5)R6である場合、上記の脱保護と同時にアルキニレン部分、アルケニレン部分、シクロアルケニルの不飽和部分を還元することができる。
上記の方法以外にも酸性条件下、化合物1aとチオアニソールとを当量若しくは一方を過剰量用い、反応に不活性な溶媒中、冷却下から加熱下、好ましくは室温で脱保護を行う事ができる。ここで用いられる溶媒の例としては、特に限定はされないが、ジクロロメタン、クロロホルム等のハロゲン化炭化水素類等、又は無溶媒で行う事ができる。また、トリフルオロ酢酸等で酸性条件下とすることができる。
また、化合物1aと三臭化ホウ素とを当量若しくは一方を過剰量用い、反応に不活性な溶媒中、冷却下から加熱下、好ましくは室温で脱保護を行う事ができる。ここで用いられる溶媒の例としては、特に限定はされないが、ジクロロメタン、クロロホルム等のハロゲン化炭化水素類等が挙げられる。
〔文献〕
M. Hudlicky著、「Reductions in Organic Chemistry, 2nd ed (ACS Monograph :188)」、ACS、1996年
日本化学会編「実験化学講座(第5版)」19巻(2005年)(丸善)
また、化合物1bのカルボキシル基部分を反応性誘導体へと変換した後に化合物1c又は1dを反応させる方法も用いることができる。カルボン酸の反応性誘導体の例としては、オキシ塩化リン、塩化チオニル等のハロゲン化剤との反応により得られる酸ハロゲン化物、クロロギ酸イソブチル等との反応により得られる混合酸無水物、1-ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール等との縮合反応により得られる活性エステル等が挙げられる。これらの反応性誘導体と化合物1c又は1dとの反応は、ハロゲン化炭化水素類、芳香族炭化水素類、エーテル類等の反応に不活性な溶媒中、冷却下~加熱下、好ましくは、-20℃~60℃で行うことができる。
〔文献〕
S. R. Sandler及びW. Karo著、「Organic Functional Group Preparations」、第2版、第1巻、Academic Press Inc.、1991年
日本化学会編「実験化学講座(第5版)」16巻(2005年)(丸善)
ハロゲン化剤としてハロゲン単体若しくは過臭化物を用いる場合は、ハロゲン化炭化水素類、エーテル類、メタノール、エタノール、2-プロパノール、エチレングリコール等のアルコール類、芳香族炭化水素類、酢酸エチル等のエステル類、酢酸、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミドなどの反応に不活性な有機溶媒中においてハロゲン化剤を化合物1eに作用させればよい。このとき、必要により少量のハロゲン化水素などの触媒の存在下で反応を行ってもよく、反応温度は-30℃から使用する溶媒の還流温度で行うのが好ましい。
また、ハロゲン化剤として、ハロゲン化水素を用いる場合には、その酸性溶液若しくは水酸化ナトリウム水溶液等の塩基性溶液中において化合物1eに作用させることにより行うことができ、このときの反応温度は-30℃から使用する溶媒の還流温度で行うのが好ましい。
また、金属試薬を用いる反応は、通常、化合物1eをハロゲン化炭化水素類、エーテル類、アルコール類、芳香族炭化水素類、酢酸、エステル類などの反応に不活性な有機溶媒、水又は、これらの混合溶媒に溶解し試薬を作用させ、必要により少量のハロゲン化水素などの触媒の存在下で、室温~加熱下に実施するのが有利である。
本工程は、化合物1fのRb部分に一酸化炭素を挿入し、続く系中の低級アルコールとの反応によりエステル体である化合物1gを合成する工程である。
〔文献〕
A. d. Meijere及びF. Diederich編、「Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions」、第1版、VCH Publishers Inc.、1997年
日本化学会編「実験化学講座(第5版)」13巻(2005年)(丸善)
本工程は、化合物1gのエステル部分を還元し化合物1hを製造する工程である。
〔文献〕
M. Hudlicky著、「Reductions in Organic Chemistry, 2nd ed (ACS Monograph :188)」、ACS、1996年
R. C. Larock著、「Comprehensive Organic Transformations」、第2版、VCH Publishers, Inc.、1999年
T. J. Donohoe著、「Oxidation and Reduction in Organic Synthesis (Oxford Chemistry Primers 6)」、Oxford Science Publications、2000年
日本化学会編「実験化学講座(第5版)」14巻(2005年)(丸善)
本工程は、化合物1hの水酸基部分をハロゲン化し、化合物1jを製造する工程である。
本工程は、化合物1jをエーテル化し、化合物1m又は化合物1pを製造する工程である。
〔文献〕
S. R. Sandler及びW. Karo著、「Organic Functional Group Preparations」、第2版、第1巻、Academic Press Inc.、1991年
日本化学会編「実験化学講座(第5版)」14巻(2005年)(丸善)
本工程は、化合物1m又は化合物1pのカテコール部分をベンジルオキシ基又はパラメトキシベンジルオキシ基等で置換し、化合物1q又は1rを製造する工程である。
本工程は、化合物1q又は化合物1rを脱保護して、本発明化合物(I-5)又は(I-6)を製造する方法である。
本工程は、Journal of the Chemical Society. Perkin Transaction 1, 1975, (6), 534-538に記載の方法若しくはそれに準じた方法で製造した化合物2aから、鈴木カップリング反応又は薗頭カップリング反応により化合物2bを製造する工程である。
また、薗頭カップリング反応は、ヨウ化銅等の存在下行う事が好ましい。
〔文献〕
A. d. Meijere及びF. Diederich編、「Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions」、第1版、VCH Publishers Inc.、1997年
日本化学会編「実験化学講座(第5版)」13巻(2005年)(丸善)
本工程は、化合物2bのカテコール部分をベンジルオキシ基又はパラメトキシベンジルオキシ基等で置換する工程である。
本工程は、Journal of the Chemical Society. Perkin Transaction 1, 1975, (6), 534-538に記載の方法若しくはそれに準じた方法で製造した化合物2aから、鈴木カップリング反応により化合物2cを製造する工程である。
本工程は、化合物2cの低級アルケニレン部分を還元し化合物2dを製造する工程である。
本工程は、化合物2dのカテコール部分をベンジルオキシ基又はパラメトキシベンジルオキシ基等で置換し、化合物2eを製造する工程である。
本工程は、化合物2eを脱保護して、化合物1bを製造する工程である。
単離、精製は、抽出、分別結晶化、各種分画クロマトグラフィー等、通常の化学操作を適用して行なわれる。
各種の異性体は、適当な原料化合物を選択することにより製造でき、あるいは異性体間の物理化学的性質の差を利用して分離することができる。例えば、光学異性体は、ラセミ体の一般的な光学分割法(例えば、光学活性な塩基又は酸とのジアステレオマー塩に導く分別結晶化や、キラルカラム等を用いたクロマトグラフィー等)により得られ、また、適当な光学活性な原料化合物から製造することもできる。
DAAO阻害活性は、DAAOタンパク質とフラビンアデニンジヌクレオチド(FAD)及びD-アラニンを反応させることで生成する過酸化水素(H2O2)量を定量し測定した。H2O2量は西洋ワサビペルオキシダーゼ(HRP)とH2O2との反応によりAmplex red(インビトロジェン社製)がresorufinに変換されて発する蛍光を測定することで定量した。384ウェル黒色低用量プレートへ、披験化合物の4%ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)緩衝液(50mM リン酸ナトリウム(pH7.5)、0.02% CHAPS)を4μL加えた後、大腸菌にて発現・精製した組換えヒトDAAOタンパク質(15nM)及び18μM FADの混合溶液4μLを加えて室温にて15分間インキュベートした。インキュベート後、プレートに2.25mM D-アラニン、1.5U/mL HRP及び150μM Amplex redの混合緩衝液4μLを加えて室温で30分間インキュベートし、蛍光(励起波長530nm、蛍光波長590nm)をEnvisionプレートリーダー(パーキンエルマー社製)を用いて測定した。披験化合物のAmplex red変換の人為的阻害あるいはHRP活性阻害を照合するために、DAAO非存在下30μM H2O2添加条件においても蛍光を測定した。披験化合物非存在下の蛍光値を100%、DAAO非存在下の蛍光値を0%としたとき、披験化合物存在下で蛍光値が50%低下した場合にDAAO活性を阻害したものと見なし、その時の披験化合物の濃度IC50値(nM)とした。
NCBIに登録されているDAAO(NM_001917.4)の配列のうち154番目から1197番目の配列を有するヒトDAAOをコードするcDNAを、ヒトcDNAライブラリー(Clonetech製)からPCRでクローン化し、NdeIおよびXhoI制限酵素サイトでpET-42bベクター(Novagen製)に挿入した。構築したヒトDAAO発現ベクターで大腸菌株BL21(DE3) (Novagen製)を形質転換し、終濃度20μg/mL カナマイシンを含むLB培地に植菌して37℃で終夜振盪培養した。増殖した形質転換体を、終濃度20μg/mL カナマイシンを含むTerrific Brothに植菌し、OD600 = 3.0に到達するまで37℃で振盪培養した。その後30℃に冷却し、1mM IPTGにより発現誘導を開始した。20時間後、菌体ペレットを遠心分離により回収した。
2.ヒトD-amino acid oxidase (DAAO)の精製
上記で回収した菌体ペレットを溶解バッファー(17 mM ピロリン酸ナトリウム緩衝液 pH8.3、100μM FAD、1mM 安息香酸ナトリウム、1mM PMSF、14mM β-メルカプトエタノール、0.2mg/mL リゾチーム)で懸濁し、超音波処理で菌体を破砕した。破砕液を遠心分離し、上清を回収した。除核酸のため、この上清に終濃度0.5M NaClおよび0.05% エチレンイミン(ポリマー)を順に添加し、よく混和した後、遠心分離で上清を回収した。さらにその上清を55℃、15分間熱処理し、遠心分離で上清を回収した。この上清に40%飽和になるよう硫酸アンモニウムを添加し、よく混和後、遠心分離で塩析物を回収した。取得した塩析物をバッファーA(50mM リン酸カリウム緩衝液 pH7.4、10% グリセロール、200μM 安息香酸ナトリウム、10μM FAD、20% 飽和硫酸アンモニウム)で再溶解し、0.22μm フィルター(ミリポア製)で濾過した。取得した濾液を疎水性相互作用カラムButyl-S Sepharose 6 Fast Flow(GEヘルスケアライフサイエンス製)に適用し、バッファーB(10mM トリス緩衝液 pH8.0、200μM 安息香酸ナトリウム、10% グリセロール、10μM FAD)で溶出した。この溶出液を陰イオン交換カラムQ Sepharose Fast Flow(GEヘルスケアライフサイエンス製)に適用し、NaCl濃度勾配で溶出した。この溶出液をAmicon Ultra-15 10kDa(ミリポア製)を用いてバッファーBに置換後、陰イオン交換カラムRESOURCE Q 6mL(GEヘルスケアライフサイエンス製)に適用し、NaCl濃度勾配で溶出した。この溶出液をAmicon Ultra-15 10kDaで濃縮後、バッファーC(10mM リン酸カリウム緩衝液 pH 7.4、0.5M NaCl、400μM 安息香酸ナトリウム、20μM FAD)で平衡化したゲルろ過カラムHiLoad 26/600 Superdex 200pg(GEヘルスケアライフサイエンス製)に適用し、DAAO蛋白質の2量体画分を回収した。回収したDAAO蛋白質をAmicon Ultra-15 10kDaでバッファーD(10mM クエン酸三ナトリウム、20μM FAD、400μM 安息香酸ナトリウム)に置換後、10mg/mLに濃縮し、-80℃で凍結保存した。
本試験は、フィリップらの方法(J.Biomol.Screen. 11巻、481-487 頁、2006年)を一部改変して行った。ヒトDAAOを安定に発現するHEK293細胞をセルバンカー溶液中に5x106cells/mLで懸濁させて-80℃で凍結保存した。測定時に、細胞を1000rpmで1分間遠心分離してセルバンカー溶液を除去し、FAD含有緩衝液(50mM リン酸ナトリウム(pH7.5)、18μM FAD、0.02% CHAPS)中に5x106cells/mLで再懸濁させた。384ウェル黒色低用量プレートへ、披験化合物の4% DMSO緩衝液(50mM リン酸ナトリウム (pH7.5)、0.02% CHAPS)を4μL加えた後、細胞懸濁液4μLを加えて室温にて15分間インキュベートした。インキュベート後、プレートに150mM D-アラニン、1.5U/mL HRP及び240μM Amplex redの混合緩衝液4μLを加えて室温で30分間インキュベートし、蛍光(励起波長530 nm、蛍光波長590 nm)をEnvisionプレートリーダー(パーキンエルマー社製)を用いて測定した。披験化合物非存在下の蛍光値を100%、DAAO非存在下の蛍光値を0%としたとき、披験化合物存在下で蛍光値が50%低下した場合にDAAO活性を阻害したものと見なし、その時の披験化合物の濃度をIC50値(nM)とした。また、披験化合物の細胞毒性を評価するために、150mM D-アラニン、1.5U/mL HRP及び240μM Amplex redの混合緩衝液の代わりにAlamar blue試薬(和光純薬社製)を添加し、蛍光 (励起波長530nm、蛍光波長590nm)を測定した。
ヒト正常腎臓組織由来RNA(クローンテック社)に対して、逆転写酵素(SuperScriptIII、ライフテクノロジーズ社)及びオリゴ(dT)プライマー(ライフテクノロジーズ社)を用いて、キット(ライフテクノロジー社)のプロトコールに従って逆転写反応を行い、cDNAを合成した。次に配列番号1で表されるhumanDAAO_HindIII_F及び配列番号2で表されるhumanDAAO_BamHI_Rを用いて、上記で得たcDNAを鋳型として、DNAポリメラーゼ(PrimeSTAR;タカラバイオ社)を用いて、PCR反応(98℃で15秒、55℃で15秒及び68℃で1分30秒を35サイクル)を行った。PCR反応後、電気泳動したところ、約1000base pairのPCR産物を得たことがわかった。PCR産物をクローニングベクター(pCR2.1-TOPO Cloning Kit;ライフテクノロジーズ社)にクローニングした。インサートはダイデオキシシーケンス法により配列を決定した(BigDye Terminator v3.1 Cycle Sequencing Kit;ライフテクノロジーズ社)。この結果、約1000base pairのPCR産物は、NCBIに登録されているDAAO(NM_001917.4)の配列のうち154番目から1197番目の配列であることがわかった。
DAAOのORF全長をタンパク質として発現するために、上記のベクターを制限酵素HindIII及びBamHIで37℃、3時間の酵素反応を行い制限酵素処理したDNA断片を精製した。このORFを含むDNA断片を発現ベクター(pcDNA3.1(+):インビトロジェン社)のマルチクローニングサイトに存在するHindIII及びBamHIサイトにクローニングし発現プラスミド(hDAAO/pcDNA3.1)を構築した。
次に強制発現細胞株を取得するために、HEK293細胞にトランスフェクションを実施した。トランスフェクション前日にコラーゲンコートされた24ウェルプレート(コーニング社)に1ウェルあたり1.0×105個となるように細胞を播き、Lipofectamine 2000(インビトロジェン社)とhDAAO/pcDNA3.1を用いて、プロトコールに従ってトランスフェクションを実施した。その後、800μg/mLのジェネティシンを用いて細胞継代を数回実施し薬剤耐性細胞株を取得した。
ヒトDAAO発現細胞株の取得を確認するために、コラーゲンコートされた384ウェルプレート・ブラック・クリアーボトムプレートに1ウェルあたり2.5×104個となるように播き、5%CO2存在下、37℃で24時間培養した。培養後、培養上清を取り除き、Hanks-20mM Hepes(pH 7.4)バッファーに5.5μg/mLとなるようにフラビンアデニンジヌクレオチドを加えた溶液を上清を取り除いたウェルに1ウェルあたり20μL加え、5%CO2存在下、37℃で1時間反応させた。その後、Hanks-20mM Hepes(pH7.4)バッファーに250μMとなるようにAmplex Red(モレキュラープローブ社)、50mMとなるようにD‐アラニンおよび0.5U/mLとなるよにHRPを加えた溶液を1ウェルあたり5μL加え5%CO2存在下、37℃で2時間反応させAmplex Redのプロトコールに従って測定し活性を確認しヒトDAAO発現細胞株を構築した。
N-メチル-D-アスパラギン酸(NMDA)受容体の拮抗剤は、ヒトに認知障害を含む統合失調症様の症状を惹起させることが知られている。認知障害改善作用の検出には、NMDA受容体拮抗剤であるMK-801(ジゾシルピン)で誘発したマウスの自発交替行動障害(Y-maze)を用いた。
実験にはddY系雄性マウス(5週齢)を使用した。披験化合物(Normal群及びControl群にはvehicle)を経口投与し、10分後にControl群と被験化合物群に0.15 mg/kg MK-801のマレイン酸水素塩(Normal群には生理食塩水)を腹腔内投与した。その20分後に、3方向に同じ長さのアームをもつY-mazeのアームの一端にマウスを入れて8分間自由に探索させ、この間のアームへのエントリー数をカウントした。また、連続して3つの異なるアームへエントリーした場合を自発交替行動(Spontaneous alternation behavior)とし、総エントリー数に対する割合として自発交替率(Alternation rate)を以下の計算式で算出し、認知機能の指標とした。
Alternation rate (%) = 100×Alternation / (Total entry-2)
投与は錠剤、丸剤、カプセル剤、顆粒剤、散剤、液剤等による経口投与、又は、関節内、静脈内、筋肉内等の注射剤、坐剤、点眼剤、眼軟膏、経皮用液剤、軟膏剤、経皮用貼付剤、経粘膜液剤、経粘膜貼付剤、吸入剤等による非経口投与のいずれの形態であってもよい。
経口投与のための液体組成物は、薬剤的に許容される乳濁剤、溶液剤、懸濁剤、シロップ剤又はエリキシル剤等を含み、一般的に用いられる不活性な希釈剤、例えば精製水又はエタノールを含む。当該液体組成物は不活性な希釈剤以外に可溶化剤、湿潤剤、懸濁剤のような補助剤、甘味剤、風味剤、芳香剤、防腐剤を含有していてもよい。
PEx:製造例番号、Ex:実施例番号、No:化合物番号、Str:化学構造式(Ph:フェニル、Bn:ベンジル)、PSyn:製造方法(当該化合物が、その欄に記載されている製造例番号の化合物と同様の製造法により製造した事を示す。なお、製造例115は、実施例7と同様の方法で製造した。)、Syn:製造方法(当該化合物が、その欄に記載されている実施例番号の化合物と同様の製造法により製造した事を示す)、Data:物理学的データ、NMR1:DMSO-d6中の1H-NMRにおける特徴的なピークのδ(ppm)、ESI+:質量分析値におけるm/z値(イオン化法ESI、断りの無い場合(M+H)+)、ESI-:m/z値(イオン化法ESI、断りの無い場合(M-H)-)、APCI+:質量分析値におけるm/z値(イオン化法APCI、断りの無い場合(M+H)+)、FAB+:質量分析値におけるm/z値(イオン化法FAB、断りの無い場合(M+H)+)、ESI/APCI+:質量分析値におけるm/z値(イオン化法ESI/APCIマルチモード、断りの無い場合(M+H)+)、ESI/APCI-:質量分析値におけるm/z値(イオン化法ESI/APCIマルチモード、断りの無い場合(M-H)-)を示す。実施例11中のPS-カルボジイミドは、縮合剤であるカルボジイミドを担持したポリスチレン樹脂を示す。また、製造例及び実施例中の「M」:mol/Lを示す。構造式中のHClは塩酸塩であることを示す。
3-クロロ[1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン(600mg)にトルエン(10mL)を加え、室温にて(E)-2-フェニルビニルボロン酸(480mg)、テトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(315mg)及び2Mの炭酸ナトリウム水溶液 (1.6mL)を加えた。反応混合物を120℃にて14時間攪拌した。水を加えクロロホルムにて抽出した。有機層を飽和塩化アンモニウム水溶液、飽和食塩水にて洗浄した後、無水硫酸マグネシウムにて乾燥し溶媒を減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をヘキサンと酢酸エチルの混合溶媒にて洗浄し濾別した。得られた固体を減圧下乾燥させ、3-[(E)-2-フェニルビニル][1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン(386mg)を得た。
氷冷下、ベンジルアルコール(350μL)のトルエン溶液(5mL)にt-ブトキシカリウム(375mg)を加え20分攪拌した。混合液に0℃にて3-[(E)-2-フェニルビニル][1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン(386mg)のトルエン-ジメチルホルムアミド(1:1)懸濁液(10mL)を加え、120℃にて19時間攪拌した。水を加え、クロロホルムにて抽出し、有機層を飽和食塩水にて洗浄した後、無水硫酸マグネシウムにて乾燥し溶媒を減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン-酢酸エチル)で精製し3,4-ビス(ベンジルオキシ)-6-[(E)-2-フェニルビニル]ピリダジン(473mg)を得た。
封管反応容器に後記の製造例9で合成した3-ヨード[1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン(200mg)、4-エチニルフェニルトリフルオロメチルエーテル(0.15mL)、ヨウ化銅(6mg)、トリエチルアミン(64mg)、ビス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(II)ジクロリド(22mg)及びジメチルホルムアミド(5mL)を加え、120℃にて0.5時間攪拌した。酢酸エチル及び水を加えて、有機層を無水硫酸ナトリウムにて乾燥、溶媒を減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン-酢酸エチル)で精製し3-{[4-(トリフルオロメトキシ)フェニル]エチニル}[1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン(100mg)を得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、3-クロロ[1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン (500mg)に1,2-ジメトキシエタン(7.5mL)を加え攪拌し、2Mの炭酸ナトリウム水溶液(3.0mL)、(E)-2-[3-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ビニルボロン酸(580mg)及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(130mg)を加え100℃にて3時間攪拌した。反応混合物を酢酸エチルにて希釈した後、水を加え有機層を分離、無水硫酸ナトリウムにて乾燥し溶媒を減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン-酢酸エチル)で精製し粗生成物(500mg)を得た。
続いてアルゴン雰囲気下、氷冷下にてベンジルアルコール(380mg)のトルエン溶液(5mL)にt-ブトキシカリウム(400mg)を加え攪拌し、当該混合物中に粗生成物(500mg)のトルエン-ジメチルホルムアミド(2:1)溶液(15mL)を0℃で滴下し、120℃で2時間攪拌した。反応混合物を酢酸エチルにて希釈した後、水を加え有機層を分離、無水硫酸ナトリウムにて乾燥し溶媒を減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン-酢酸エチル)で精製し3,4-ビス(ベンジルオキシ)-6-{(E)-2-[3-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ビニル}ピリダジン(400mg)を得た。
3,4-ビス(ベンジルオキシ)-6-[(E)-2-(4-クロロフェニル)ビニル]ピリダジン(200mg)のジクロロメタン溶液(10mL)にトリエチルアミン(200μL)及び2,4,6-トリイソプロピルベンゼンスルホニルヒドラジド(700mg)を加え室温にて40時間攪拌した。トリエチルアミン(200μL)、2,4,6-トリイソプロピルベンゼンスルホニルヒドラジド(700mg)を追加し、さらに室温にて24時間攪拌した。水を加えクロロホルムで抽出操作を行った。有機層を飽和食塩水にて洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムを加え乾燥させた。溶媒を減圧濃縮し、残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン-酢酸エチル)で精製し3,4-ビス(ベンジルオキシ)-6-[2-(4-クロロフェニル)エチル]ピリダジン(70mg)を得た。
3-クロロ[1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン(1.71g)に、ジメチルスルホキシド-メタノール(1:1)(40mL)の混合溶媒を加え攪拌した。1,1'-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセン(1.72g)、ジアセトキシパラジウム(350mg)及び、トリエチルアミン(2.2mL)を加え一酸化炭素雰囲気下、1気圧、80℃にて19時間攪拌した。水を加え酢酸エチルにて抽出し、有機層を水、飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムにて乾燥させた。溶媒を減圧濃縮し、得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン-酢酸エチル)で精製しメチル[1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン-3-カルボキシレート(950mg)を得た。
メチル[1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン-3-カルボキシレート(950mg)にテトラヒドロフラン-メタノール(1:1)(20mL)の混合溶媒を加え、氷冷下攪拌した。混合物中に水素化ホウ素ナトリウム(450mg)を加え、0℃にて2時間攪拌した。水を加え酢酸エチルにて抽出、有機層を飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸マグネシウムにて乾燥させた。溶媒を減圧濃縮し、残渣を水にて洗浄し[1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン-3-イルメタノール(560mg)を得た。
[1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン-3-イルメタノール(8.1g)に1,2-ジクロロエタン(80mL)を加え攪拌した。臭化チオニル(38.9g)を加え、加熱還流下、2時間攪拌した。混合物をクロロホルムで希釈し、有機層を飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムにて乾燥させた。溶媒を減圧濃縮し、残渣をジエチルエーテルにて洗浄して3-(ブロモメチル)[1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン(8.0g)を得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、3-クロロ[1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン(5.0g)、ヨウ化ナトリウム(6.79g)及びヨウ化水素(55%)(57.98g)を加え140℃にて1時間攪拌した。反応混合物を酢酸エチルで希釈し、炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加え抽出した。有機層を無水硫酸ナトリウムにて乾燥させ、溶媒を減圧濃縮し3-ヨード[1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン(1.95g)を得た。
3-(ブロモメチル)[1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン(500mg)にジメチルホルムアミド(10mL)、ヨウ化カリウム(30mg)、炭酸カリウム(750mg)及び2-ナフチルアルコール(290mg)を加え、室温にて24時間攪拌した。水を加え酢酸エチルにて抽出した。有機層を1Mの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液、飽和食塩水にて洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムを用い乾燥させた。溶媒を減圧濃縮し、残渣をジエチルエーテルにて洗浄し、生じた固体を濾別し、減圧下乾燥させ3-[(2-ナフチルオキシ)メチル][1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン(400mg)を得た。
エチル (2E)-3-([1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン-3-イル)アクリレート(649mg)の酢酸溶液(20mL)に10%パラジウム-炭素(100mg)を加え、水素雰囲気下、室温にて7日間攪拌した。触媒をセライト濾過により濾別し、ろ液を減圧濃縮した。残渣に飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を加えクロロホルムにて抽出操作を行った。有機層を無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させた。溶媒を減圧濃縮し、エチル 3-([1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン-3-イル)プロパノエート(609mg)を得た。
エチル 3-([1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン-3-イル)プロパノエート(609mg)にトルエン(10mL)、ベンジルアルコール(1.08g)のトルエン溶液(10mL)及びt-ブトキシカリウム(1.12g)を加え、120℃にて6時間攪拌した。水を加え、水層を酢酸エチルにて洗浄した。水層に1Mの塩酸(30mL)を加え、クロロホルムにて洗浄した後、水層を混合溶媒(クロロホルム:エタノール=3:1)にて抽出操作を行った。有機層を無水硫酸マグネシウムにて乾燥後、溶媒を減圧濃縮し粗生成物(491mg)を得た。
続いて、得られた粗生成物(491mg)のエタノール溶液(20mL)に10%パラジウム-炭素(50mg)を加え、水素雰囲気下、室温にて16時間攪拌した。触媒をセライト濾過により濾別、ろ液を減圧濃縮し、3-(5-ヒドロキシ-6-オキソ-1,6-ジヒドロピリダジン-3-イル)プロピオン酸(215mg)を得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、1-エチニルナフタレン(1.0g)と1,3,2-ベンゾジオキサボロール(0.79g)の混合物を70℃にて1時間攪拌した。反応混合物を減圧下濃縮し、粗生成物1(1.21g)を得た。
続いて得られた粗生成物1(1.21g)に水(10mL)を加え室温にて1時間攪拌した。反応混合物にヘキサンを加え室温にて攪拌した。生じた固体を濾別し、ヘキサンにて洗浄して粗生成物2(510mg)を得た。
続いて得られた粗生成物2(430mg)に3-クロロ[1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン(400mg)、1,2-ジメトキシエタン(7.5mL)、2Mの炭酸ナトリウム水溶液(3.0mL)及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(110mg)を室温にて加えた。反応混合物を100℃にて3時間攪拌した。水を加え、酢酸エチルにて抽出し、有機層を無水硫酸マグネシウムにて乾燥し溶媒を減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン-酢酸エチル)で精製し3-[2-(1-ナフチル)ビニル][1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン(600mg)を得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、1-エチニル-2-メチルベンゼン(1.0g)と1,3,2-ベンゾジオキサボロール(1.05mL)の混合物を70℃にて1時間攪拌した。反応混合物を減圧下濃縮し、粗生成物3(1.36g)を得た。
続いて得られた粗生成物3(1.36g)に水(10mL)を加え室温にて1時間攪拌した。反応混合物にヘキサンを加え室温にて攪拌した。生じた固体を濾別し、ヘキサンにて洗浄して粗生成物4(160mg)を得た。
続いて得られた粗生成物4(160mg)に室温にて3-クロロ[1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン(220mg)、1,2-ジメトキシエタン(5mL)、2Mの炭酸ナトリウム水溶液(2.0mL)及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(130mg)を加えた。反応混合物を100℃にて3時間攪拌した。水を加え、残渣を濾別し、粗生成物5(360mg)を得た。氷冷下、ベンジルアルコール(320mg)のトルエン溶液(5mL)にt-ブトキシカリウム(330mg)を加え10分攪拌した。混合液に0℃にて粗生成物5(360mg)のトルエン-ジメチルホルムアミド(1:2)溶液 (15mL)を加え、120℃にて4時間攪拌した。水を加え、酢酸エチルにて抽出し、有機層を無水硫酸マグネシウムにて乾燥し溶媒を減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン-酢酸エチル)で精製し3,4-ビス(ベンジルオキシ)-6-[2-(2-メチルフェニル)ビニル]ピリダジン(410mg)を得た。
アルゴン雰囲気下、3-クロロ[1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン(500mg)に1,2-ジメトキエタン(7.5mL)、2Mの炭酸ナトリウム水溶液(3.0mL)、2-[(E)-2-(3,5-ジフルオロフェニル)ビニル]-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(720mg)、及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(130mg)を加えた。反応混合物を100℃にて3時間攪拌し、室温に冷却した。水を加えて得られた固体を濾別して減圧乾燥し、3-[(E)-2-(3,5-ジフルオロフェニル)ビニル][1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン(700mg)を得た。
氷冷下、ベンジルアルコール(580mg)のテトラヒドロフラン溶液(20mL)に60%水素化ナトリウム(220mg)を加え10分攪拌した。混合液に0℃にて3-[(E)-2-(3,5-ジフルオロフェニル)ビニル][1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン(700mg)のテトラヒドロフラン溶液(10mL)を加え、60℃にて4時間攪拌した。水を加え、酢酸エチルにて抽出し、有機層を無水硫酸マグネシウムにて乾燥し溶媒を減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン-酢酸エチル)で精製し3,4-ビス(ベンジルオキシ)-6-[(E)-2-(3,5-ジフルオロフェニル)ビニル]ピリダジン(710mg)を得た。
3,4-ビス(ベンジルオキシ)-6-[(E)-2-フェニルビニル]ピリダジン(272mg)のエタノール溶液(8mL)に10%パラジウム-炭素(90mg)を加え、水素雰囲気下、室温にて4時間攪拌した。触媒をセライト濾過により濾別し、ろ液を減圧濃縮した。残渣に酢酸エチル-クロロホルムを加え、生じた固体を濾別して減圧乾燥し、3-ヒドロキシ-6-(2-フェニルエチル)ピリダジン-4(1H)-オン(60mg)を得た。
3,4-ビス(ベンジルオキシ)-6-[(E)-2-(4-クロロフェニル)ビニル]ピリダジン(150mg)のジクロロメタン溶液(5mL)に、-78℃にて1Mの三臭化ホウ素のジクロロメタン溶液(770μL)を加え0℃にて3時間攪拌した。メタノールを加え反応を停止した後、溶媒を減圧濃縮した。残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(クロロホルム-メタノール)で精製し、得られた固体をエタノール-水にて洗浄した後、濾別して減圧乾燥し、6-[(E)-2-(4-クロロフェニル)ビニル]-4-ヒドロキシピリダジン-3(2H)-オン(58mg)を得た。
窒素雰囲気下、10%パラジウム-硫酸バリウム(120mg)をエタノール(10mL)に懸濁し、3,4-ビス(ベンジルオキシ)-6-[(2-ナフチルオキシ)メチル]ピリダジン(120mg)を加えた。水素雰囲気下、室温にて5時間攪拌した。セライトろ過により触媒を除去し、濾液を減圧濃縮した。残渣をジエチルエーテルにて洗浄し、生じた固体を濾別して減圧乾燥し、3-ヒドロキシ-6-[(2-ナフチルオキシ)メチル]ピリダジン-4(1H)-オン(30mg)を得た。
3-(クロロメチル)[1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン(941mg)のジメチルホルムアミド溶液(130mL)を調製した。本溶液(1mL)に対し、2-フルオロフェノール(4.5mg)、炭酸カリウム(5mg)及びヨウ化カリウム(5mg)を加え室温にて20時間攪拌した。反応溶液に水を加えクロロホルムにて抽出した。有機層を減圧濃縮し、残渣に別途調整したパラメトキシベンジルアルコール(1.2mL)のトルエン(150mL)溶液を1mL及びt-ブトキシカリウム(10mg)を加え120℃にて17時間攪拌した。反応溶液に1M塩酸を加えクロロホルムにて抽出した。有機層を減圧濃縮し、残渣をジクロロメタン(1mL)に溶解し、チオアニソール(30μL)及びトリフルオロ酢酸(0.5mL)を加え室温にて3日間攪拌した。溶媒を減圧濃縮し、得られた残渣を逆相カラムクロマトグラフィー(メタノール-0.1% ギ酸水溶液)にて精製し、6-[(2-フルオロフェノキシ)メチル]-3-ヒドロキシピリダジン-4(1H)-オン(1.0mg)を得た。
2-(クロロメチル)-5-[(4-メトキシベンジル)オキシ]ピリジン-4(1H)-オン(1.62g)のジメチルホルムアミド溶液(184mL)を調製した。本溶液(1mL)に対し、1,4'-ビピペリジン-4-オール(7.4mg)及び炭酸カリウム(6mg)を加え室温にて22時間、さらに60℃にて3日間攪拌した。反応溶液に水を加えクロロホルムにて抽出した。有機層を減圧濃縮し、残渣にチオアニソール(100μL)及びトリフルオロ酢酸(1mL)を加え室温にて21時間攪拌した。溶媒を減圧濃縮し、得られた残渣を逆相カラムクロマトグラフィー(メタノール-0.1% ギ酸水溶液)にて精製し、5-ヒドロキシ-2-[(4-ヒドロキシ-1,4'-ビピペリジン-1'-イル)メチル]ピリジン-4(1H)-オン(1.4mg)を得た。
3-(ブロモメチル)[1,4]ベンゾジオキシノ[2,3-c]ピリダジン(500mg)のN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド溶液(10mL)に、ヨウ化カリウム(29mg)、炭酸カリウム(620mg)及び3,5-ジフルオロフェノール(350mg)を加え室温にて24時間攪拌した。反応溶液に水を加え酢酸エチルにて抽出し、有機層を1Mの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液及び飽和食塩水にて洗浄、無水硫酸ナトリウムにて乾燥した。溶媒を減圧濃縮し、粗生成物6(350mg)を得た。
続いて、氷冷下、ベンジルアルコール(280μL)のトルエン溶液(5mL)にt-ブトキシカリウム(300mg)を加え15分攪拌した。0℃にて粗生成物6(350mg)のN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド-トルエン(1:2)の混合溶媒(15mL)を加え、110℃にて5時間攪拌した。反応溶液に酢酸エチルを加え、有機層を1M水酸化ナトリウム水溶液、飽和食塩水にて洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムを用い乾燥した。溶媒を減圧濃縮し得られた残渣を窒素雰囲気下、10%パラジウム-硫酸バリウム(500mg)のエタノール(10mL)懸濁液に加え、水素雰囲気下、室温にて5時間攪拌した。セライトろ過により触媒を除去し、濾液を減圧濃縮した。残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(クロロホルム-メタノール)にて精製し、6-[(3,5-ジフルオロフェノキシ)メチル]-3-ヒドロキシピリダジン-4(1H)-オン(73mg)を得た。
5-クロロ-3-ヒドロキシピリジン-2(1H)-オン(500mg)に酢酸(20mL)を加え、室温にてN-ブロモスクシンイミド(734mg)を加えた。反応混合物を室温にて5時間攪拌した。得られた固体を濾取後、酢酸エチルで洗浄した。得られた残渣を逆相カラムクロマトグラフィー(メタノール-0.1% ギ酸水溶液)で精製してジメチルホルムアミドにより固化し、6-ブロモ-5-クロロ-3-ヒドロキシピリジン-2(1H)-オン(40mg)を得た。
55% 水素化ナトリウム(1.6g)のテトラヒドロフラン(100mL)懸濁液に6-ブロモ-5-クロロ-3-ヒドロキシピリジン-2(1H)-オン(2.71g)を加え、クロロメチルメチルエーテル(2.8mL)を加え、反応混合物を室温にて3時間攪拌した。水を加えクロロホルムにて抽出し、有機層を減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製し粗生成物7(1.22g)を得た。
得られた粗生成物7(1.02g)に1,2-ジメトキシエタン(18mL)、2Mの炭酸ナトリウム水溶液(2mL)、トリメチルボロキシン(480μL)及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(377mg)を加え、アルゴン雰囲気下、マイクロウェーブ照射下、130℃にて1時間攪拌した。水を加えクロロホルムにて抽出し、有機相を減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにて精製し粗生成物8(255mg)を得た。
続いて得られた粗生成物8(55mg)にジクロロメタン(5mL)を加えた後、氷冷下1Mの三臭化ホウ素のジクロロメタン溶液(1mL)を加え同温で30分攪拌した。溶媒を減圧濃縮後、得られた残渣を逆相カラムクロマトグラフィー(メタノール-0.1%ギ酸水溶液)にて精製し、5-クロロ-3-ヒドロキシ-6-メチルピリジン-2(1H)-オン(8mg)を得た。
55% 水素化ナトリウム(253mg)のジメチルホルムアミド(15mL)懸濁液に氷冷下、5-ブロモ-3-ヒドロキシピリジン-2(1H)-オン(500mg)を加えた。室温にて1時間攪拌した後、氷冷下、クロロメチルメチルエーテル(435μL)を加え、室温にて3時間攪拌した。水を加え酢酸エチルにて抽出した。有機層を飽和食塩水にて洗浄した後、無水硫酸マグネシウムにて乾燥し、溶媒を減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(クロロホルム-メタノール)にて精製し、粗生成物9(149mg)を得た。
続いて得られた粗生成物9(149mg)にジオキサン(10mL)、水(2mL)、trans-2-フェニルビニルボロン酸(119mg)、リン酸カリウム(341mg)及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(62mg)を加え、アルゴン雰囲気下、100℃にて6時間攪拌した。水を加え酢酸エチルにて抽出した。有機層を飽和食塩水にて洗浄した後、無水硫酸マグネシウムにて乾燥し溶媒を減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(ヘキサン-酢酸エチル)にて精製し粗生成物10(114mg)を得た。
続いて得られた粗生成物10(114mg)をエタノール(10mL)に溶解し、10% パラジウム-炭素(50mg)及びエタノール(10mL)を加え、水素雰囲気下、室温にて4時間攪拌した。触媒をセライト濾過により濾別し、ろ液を減圧濃縮して粗生成物11(94mg)を得た。
続いて得られた粗生成物11(94mg)のジクロロメタン(5mL)溶液に氷冷下1Mの三臭化ホウ素のジクロロメタン溶液(5mL)を加え、室温にて4時間攪拌した。得られた固体を濾取後、水で洗浄した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(クロロホルム-メタノール)にて精製しエタノールで固体化することで3-ヒドロキシ-5-(2-フェニルエチル)ピリジン-2(1H)-オン(38mg)を得た。
55% 水素化ナトリウム(1.6g)のテトラヒドロフラン(100mL)懸濁液に、6-ブロモ-5-クロロ-3-ヒドロキシピリジン-2(1H)-オン(2.71g)とクロロメチルメチルエーテル(2.8mL)を加えて、室温にて3時間攪拌した。水を加えクロロホルムにて抽出し、有機層を減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーにて精製し、粗生成物12(1.22g)を得た。
続いて組成生物12(1.02g)を1,2-ジメトキシエタン(18mL)に溶解し、トリメチルボロキシン(479μL)、テトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(377mg)及び2Mの炭酸ナトリウム水溶液(2mL)を加え、130℃にて1時間マイクロウェーブ照射下で攪拌した。放冷後、水を加えクロロホルムにて抽出し、有機層を減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製して粗生成物13(255mg)を得た。
続いて得られた粗生成物13(156mg)にトルエン(4mL)と水(0.5mL)を加え、室温にて(E)-2-フェニルビニルボロン酸(140mg)、2-ジシクロヘキシルホスフィノ-2',6'-ジメトキシビフェニル(52mg)、トリス(ジベンジリデンアセトン)ジパラジウム(0)(29mg)及びリン酸カリウム(268mg)を加え130℃にて1時間マイクロウェーブ照射下で攪拌した。放冷後、水を加えジクロロメタンにて抽出し、溶媒を減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製し粗生成物14(92mg)を得た。
続いて当該組成生物14に上記と同様の手法により別途合成済みの粗生成物14(38mg)を加えた。混合した粗生成物14(130mg)のエタノール(10mL)溶液に10% パラジウム-炭素(100mg)を加え、水素雰囲気下、室温にて3時間攪拌した。触媒をセライト濾過により濾別し、ろ液を減圧濃縮した。得られた残渣をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製し粗生成物15(77mg)を得た。
続いて得られた粗生成物15(77mg)のジクロロメタン(5mL)溶液に、氷冷下1Mの三臭化ホウ素のジクロロメタン溶液(1mL)を加え、同温で、30分間攪拌した。溶媒を減圧濃縮後、逆相カラムクロマトグラフィー(メタノール-0.1% ギ酸水溶液)にて精製して、3-ヒドロキシ-6-メチル-5-(2-フェニルエチル)ピリジン-2(1H)-オン(28mg)を得た。
3-(5-ヒドロキシ-6-オキソ-1,6-ジヒドロピリダジン-3-イル)プロピオン酸(215mg)と1-ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール(158mg)のN,N-ジメチルホルムアミド(100mL)溶液を調整し、当該溶液(1mL)をN,N-ジメチルエチレンジアミンのN-メチルピロリジノン溶液(0.5mol/L、30μL)に加え、PS-カルボジイミド(50mg)を加え16時間攪拌した。反応混合物をろ過し、ろ液を逆相カラムクロマトグラフィー(メタノール-0.1% ギ酸水溶液)で精製し、N-[2-(ジメチルアミノ)エチル]-3-(5-ヒドロキシ-6-オキソ-1,6-ジヒドロピリダジン-3-イル)プロパンアミド(1.7mg)を得た。
10%パラジウム-炭素(280mg)、エタノール(25mL)、3,4-ビス(ベンジルオキシ)-6-[(E)-2-(3,5-ジフルオロフェニル)ビニル]ピリダジン(710mg)の混合物を水素雰囲気下、室温にて1時間攪拌した。触媒をセライト濾過により濾別し、ろ液を減圧濃縮した。残渣にジエチルエーテルを加え、得られた固体を減圧乾燥し、6-[2-(3,5-ジフルオロフェニル)エチル]-4-ヒドロキシピリダジン-3(2H)-オン(140mg)を得た。
以下の表3から表17に製造例化合物の化学構造式、製造方法及び物理化学的データを、表18から表34に実施例化合物の化学構造式を、表35から表45に実施例化合物の製造方法及び物理化学的データを示す。
Claims (16)
- 式(I)の化合物又は、その塩を有効成分として含有するDAAOに関与する疾患の予防剤及び/又は治療剤。
Xは、CR2又はNであり、
Yは、CH又はNであり、但し、XがCR2の場合YはNであり、
Zは、CHであり、但し、X及びYが共にNの場合は、ZはNであってもよく、
R1は、H、C1-10アルキル、-低級アルキレン-OR3、ハロゲン、置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル、-L1-R4又は-L2-N(-R5)R6であり、
R2は、H、低級アルキル、ハロゲン又は-低級アルキレン-アリールであり、
R3は、H又は低級アルキルであり、
L1は、-低級アルキレン-、-低級アルケニレン-、-低級アルキレン-O-、-低級アルキレン-S(O)m-又は-低級アルキレン-C(O)-であり、
L2は、-低級アルキレン-、-低級アルキレン-S(O)2-又は-低級アルキレン-C(O)-であり、
R4は、置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環又は置換されていてもよい芳香族ヘテロ環であり、
R5は、H、低級アルキル、置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル又は置換されていてもよいアリールであり、
R6は、低級アルキル、-L21-(置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル)、-L21-(置換されていてもよいアリール)、-L21-(置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環)、-L21-(置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環)、-低級アルキレン-OR7又は-低級アルキレン-N(R8)2であり、
R7は、H又は低級アルキルであり、
R8は、同一又は互いに異なって低級アルキルであり、
L21は、結合又は-低級アルキレン-であり、及び
mは、0から2の整数である。) - 式(I)の化合物又はその塩。
Xは、CR2又はNであり、
Yは、CH又はNであり、但し、XがCR2の場合YはNであり、
Zは、CHであり、但し、X及びYが共にNの場合は、ZはNであってもよく、
R1は、H、C1-10アルキル、-低級アルキレン-OR3、ハロゲン、置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル、-L1-R4又は-L2-N(-R5)R6であり、
R2は、H、低級アルキル、ハロゲン又は-低級アルキレン-アリールであり、
R3は、H又は低級アルキルであり、
L1は、-低級アルキレン-、-低級アルケニレン-、-低級アルキレン-O-、-低級アルキレン-S(O)m-又は-低級アルキレン-C(O)-であり、
L2は、-低級アルキレン-、-低級アルキレン-S(O)2-又は-低級アルキレン-C(O)-であり、
R4は、置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル、置換されていてもよいアリール、置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環又は置換されていてもよい芳香族ヘテロ環であり、
R5は、H、低級アルキル、置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル又は置換されていてもよいアリールであり、
R6は、低級アルキル、-L21-(置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル)、-L21-(置換されていてもよいアリール)、-L21-(置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環)、-L21-(置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環)、-低級アルキレン-OR7又は-低級アルキレン-N(R8)2であり、
R7は、H又は低級アルキルであり、
R8は、同一又は互いに異なって低級アルキルであり、
L21は、結合又は-低級アルキレン-であり、及び
mは、0から2の整数である。
但し、(1)X及びYがN、ZがCHである場合には、R1がH、メチル基及びクロロ基以外の基であり、(2)XがN、Y及びZがCHである場合には、R1がH、ハロゲン、メチル基、ヒドロキシメチル基、-低級アルキレン-置換されていてもよいアリール、-低級アルキレン-O-置換されていてもよいアリール、-低級アルキレン-NH-置換されていてもよいアリール、-低級アルキレン-NH-置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環、-低級アルキレン-C(O)-NH-置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環、-低級アルキレン-S-置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環、-低級アルキレン-S-置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環、-低級アルキレン-O-置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環、-低級アルキレン-O-置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環、-低級アルケニレン-非芳香族へテロ環、-低級アルキレン-置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環、-低級アルキレン-(オキソ、-S-非芳香族へテロ環及び-S-芳香族へテロ環からなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換された非芳香族へテロ環)、4-(2-フラニルカルボニル)-1-ピペラジニルメチル基及び-CH2-CH2-置換されていてもよいピロリジニル基以外の基であり、(3)XがC-Cl、YがN及びZがCHである場合には、R1がクロロ基以外の基であり、(4)YがN、X及びZがCHである場合には、R1がH、メチル基、クロロ基、ブロモ基、-低級アルキレン-置換されていてもよい非芳香族へテロ環、-低級アルキレン-NH-置換されていてもよいアリール及びヒドロキシメチル基以外の基であり、(5)X、Y及びZがNである場合には、R1がH、-CH2-(ニトロ基で置換されていてもよいフェニル)及び-低級アルキレン-S(O)m-置換されていてもよい芳香族へテロ環以外の基である。) - X及びYがN、ZがCHである請求項2記載の化合物又はその塩。
- XがN、Y及びZがCHである請求項2記載の化合物又はその塩。
- X及びZがCH、YがNである請求項2記載の化合物又はその塩。
- XがN、YがN及びZがCHであり、R1が-L1-R4であり、L1が-低級アルキレン-、-低級アルキレン-O-又は-低級アルキレン-S-であり、R4が置換されていてもよいシクロアルキル又は置換されていてもよいアリールである請求項2記載の化合物又はその塩。
- R4がハロゲン、1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、-O-(1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキル)及びアリールからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリールである請求項6記載の化合物又はその塩。
- R4が1以上のハロゲンで置換されていてもよい低級アルキル、ハロゲン及びアリールからなる群より選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいアリールである請求項7記載の化合物又はその塩。
- L1が-低級アルキレン-である請求項8記載の化合物又はその塩。
- 化合物が、
4-ヒドロキシ-6-{2-[4-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]エチル}ピリダジン-3(2H)-オン、
4-ヒドロキシ-6-[2-(4-メチルフェニル)エチル]ピリダジン-3(2H)-オン、
6-[2-(ビフェニル-4-イル)エチル]-4-ヒドロキシピリダジン-3(2H)-オン、
4-ヒドロキシ-6-{2-[3-(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]エチル}ピリダジン-3(2H)-オン、
6-[2-(3-フルオロフェニル)エチル]-4-ヒドロキシピリダジン-3(2H)-オン、
4-ヒドロキシ-6-[2-(3-メチルフェニル)エチル]ピリダジン-3(2H)-オン、
6-[2-(2,4-ジフルオロフェニル)エチル]-4-ヒドロキシピリダジン-3(2H)-オン、
4-ヒドロキシ-6-[2-(2-メチルフェニル)エチル]ピリダジン-3(2H)-オン、
6-[2-(3,5-ジフルオロフェニル)エチル]-4-ヒドロキシピリダジン-3(2H)-オン、
6-(2-シクロヘキシルエチル)-4-ヒドロキシピリダジン-3(2H)-オン、又は、
4-ヒドロキシ-6-[2-(1-ナフチル)エチル]ピリダジン-3(2H)-オン、又はその塩である、請求項2に記載の化合物又はその塩。 - 請求項2に記載の化合物又はその塩、及び製薬学的に許容される賦形剤を含有する医薬組成物。
- DAAOの関与する疾患の予防用若しくは治療用医薬組成物である請求項2に記載の医薬組成物。
- DAAOの関与する疾患の予防若しくは治療用医薬組成物の製造のための請求項2に記載の化合物又はその塩の使用。
- DAAOの関与する疾患の予防若しくは治療のための請求項2に記載の化合物又はその塩の使用。
- DAAOの関与する疾患の予防若しくは治療のための請求項2に記載の化合物又はその塩。
- 請求項2に記載の化合物又はその塩の有効量を対象に投与することからなるDAAOの関与する疾患の予防若しくは治療方法。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US9562020B2 (en) | 2017-02-07 |
US20140336165A1 (en) | 2014-11-13 |
JP6169492B2 (ja) | 2017-07-26 |
UA111861C2 (uk) | 2016-06-24 |
AU2012337781A1 (en) | 2014-06-05 |
AP2014007637A0 (en) | 2014-05-31 |
AU2012337781B2 (en) | 2017-07-06 |
CR20140272A (es) | 2014-09-03 |
JPWO2013073577A1 (ja) | 2015-04-02 |
US10202399B2 (en) | 2019-02-12 |
US9212147B2 (en) | 2015-12-15 |
US20160039771A1 (en) | 2016-02-11 |
PE20141361A1 (es) | 2014-10-13 |
ECSP14002098A (es) | 2015-11-30 |
US20170107226A1 (en) | 2017-04-20 |
MA35639B1 (fr) | 2014-11-01 |
DOP2014000104A (es) | 2014-09-15 |
ZA201404129B (en) | 2016-11-30 |
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