Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
  • B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
  • B01D46/62—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
  • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
  • B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
  • B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
  • B01D39/163—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin sintered or bonded
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
  • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
  • B01D39/18—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being cellulose or derivatives thereof
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
  • B01D46/52—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material
  • B01D46/521—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material using folded, pleated material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
  • B01D46/52—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material
  • B01D46/528—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material using wound sheets
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
  • F02M35/02—Air cleaners
  • F02M35/08—Air cleaners with means for removing dust, particles or liquids from cleaners; with means for indicating clogging; with by-pass means; Regeneration of cleaners
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
  • B01D2239/0464—Impregnants
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
  • B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
  • B01D2239/0622—Melt-blown
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
  • B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
  • B01D2239/0636—Two or more types of fibres present in the filter material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
  • B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
  • B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
  • B01D2239/0654—Support layers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
  • B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
  • B01D2239/0681—The layers being joined by gluing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
  • B01D2239/069—Special geometry of layers
  • B01D2239/0695—Wound layers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
  • B01D2239/1208—Porosity
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
  • B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
  • B01D2239/1216—Pore size
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2275/00—Filter media structures for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
  • B01D2275/10—Multiple layers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2275/00—Filter media structures for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
  • B01D2275/10—Multiple layers
  • B01D2275/105—Wound layers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2275/00—Filter media structures for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
  • B01D2275/30—Porosity of filtering material
  • B01D2275/305—Porosity decreasing in flow direction

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a filter material, in particular for an air filter, according to the preamble of claim 1.
• WO 201 1/1 10637 A2 discloses a generic filter medium of a filter element for filtering a fluid, in particular a liquid fuel, water, motor oil or air, which comprises at least one nonwoven filter layer of synthetic single fibers.
• the filter medium has an increasing degree of separation in the direction of flow for the particles to be filtered out.
• the filter layer also has an increasing in the direction of flow compression.
• a filter material comprising at least one carrier material layer and at least one nonwoven fiber layer is known.
• the at least one fiber fleece layer has a nanofiber nonwoven layer with an average fiber diameter of 10 to 1000 nanometers and further nanofiber-specific parameters.
• the carrier material layer is constructed from a filter paper.
• a multilayer filter material is known, with a fibrous layer laminated together with a paper support layer.
• the present invention is concerned with the problem of providing for a filter material of the generic type an improved or at least one alternative embodiment, which is characterized in particular by a high soot absorption capacity and a high separation efficiency.
• This problem is solved according to the invention by the subject matters of the independent claims.
• Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.
• the present invention is based on the general idea of providing a degressive pore size in the case of a filter material in the direction of flow, which is realized by connecting an inflow-side carrier layer of the filter material and a downstream fine-fiber layer to one another via an intermediate connecting region.
• an impregnation is applied at least on the upstream side of the carrier layer.
• the support layer arranged on the inflow side can be designed, for example, as an open cellulosic layer.
• the carrier layer is made thick in relation to the entire filter material.
• the thickness of the carrier layer has a proportion of greater than 75%, preferably greater than 80% of the thickness of the overall composite.
• the thickness of the carrier layer is about 0.3 mm to 1, 0 mm, preferably about 0.60 mm to 0.65 mm.
• the thickness of the carrier layer is determined at 0.5 kPa measuring pressure.
• a not further processed carrier layer is considered.
• the thickness of the carrier layer can be reduced in various processing steps, for example by winding, folding, or calibrating.
• the carrier layer has many open pores.
• the carrier layer offers a high soot absorption capacity due to the open pores and the large carrier layer thickness.
• a fine fiber layer Downstream of the carrier layer, a fine fiber layer is applied.
• the fine fiber layer which may be formed, for example, as a so-called meltblown layer, has a high degree of separation but only a low soot absorption capacity.
• the fine fiber layer has a small thickness of max. 25%, in particular 20%, proportion of the thickness of the entire composite.
• the thickness of the fine fiber layer may be about 0.15 mm to 0.23 mm, preferably about 0.19 mm.
• the thickness of the fine fiber layer is also determined at 0.5 kPa measuring pressure.
• a not further processed fine fiber layer is considered.
• the thickness of the fine fiber layer can be reduced in various processing steps, for example by winding, folding, or calibrating. INS
• it is possible that the fine fiber layer in subsequent processing steps or workflows by a significant proportion may more than 50%, compressed. This compression can be reversible or irreversible, especially under the action of heat.
• the respective advantages of the two layers namely the high soot absorption capacity of the carrier layer combined with the same high separation efficiency of the fine fiber layer and thereby creating a filter material that is loaded evenly over the entire depth. Due to the uniform loading of the filter material to be prevented in particular that the dirt holding capacity of a filter layer is exhausted before the other.
• the soot absorption capacity referred to for the first time and subsequently in this paragraph is generally representative of the absorption capacity for particles to be filtered out.
• the uniform loading with simultaneously extremely high filter capacity is also ensured by the narrowing in the flow direction pore size.
• the predetermined thickness of at least 0.35 mm, preferably 0.5-1.0 mm, ensures the long-term high filter performance of the filter material according to the invention.
• Use finds such a filter material for example in pleated filter elements, which are annular closed or flat, but also in wound inserts with mutually closed channels, in particular for cleaning the intake air of an internal combustion engine.
• the carrier layer which is also flame retardant, has the impregnation according to the invention.
• a cellulosic material for such a carrier layer is preferably 22% by mass of a resin contributing to strength, rigidity, dimensional stability (especially of impressed spacers / cams) and protection from external factors (moisture, moisture, chemicals such as oil, fuel) , Due to the one-sided impregnation according to the invention applied on the inflow side of the carrier layer, it is possible for a very fine pore (on the outflow side) to be smudged and to be closed or reduced in size. ner pores are reduced by a gapping of the resin, so that the pore structure by the resin on the clean side, that is, the downstream side of the support layer not at all and on the upstream side, that is only marginally changed on the raw side. Also, the resin content in the carrier layer, which is reduced compared to conventional resin contents (25-27% by mass), can reduce the smearing of very fine pores, which are located in particular on the downstream side of a cellulose paper.
• the impregnation contributes significantly to an advantageous degressive distribution of the pores in the flow direction according to the invention while avoiding sudden pore size changes.
• both the separation efficiency and the dirt storage capacity in particular for the application of soot particles, which penetrate particularly deep into the filter material due to their fineness, increased.
• the impregnation may be in the form of a curable impregnation which forms a crosslinking under the influence of heat or as a non-curable impregnation. Furthermore, it may include phenolic resins, acrylates or epoxy resins.
• the pores of the carrier layer have a pore diameter between 65 and 85 ⁇ , in particular a pore diameter of about 74 ⁇ on.
• 40 to 80% of the pores are in the range of a pore diameter of about 65 to 85 ⁇ , whereby a relatively open-pored carrier layer with a high air permeability and a high soot absorption capacity can be achieved.
• a material for the carrier layer is, for example, a nonwoven polymer or cellulose with or without art fiber content in question. By adding polymeric synthetic fibers, the cellulose layer can be made weldable, for example. An addition of glass fibers in the cellulose causes a higher capacity of the filter medium, since the porosity can be made larger.
• the impregnation of the invention can not only improve the flame retardancy, but also positively influence the material stability.
• embossed structures such as grooves or creases for pleat spacing, obtain a higher dimensional stability.
• hardenable impregnations which form a crosslinking under the action of heat, or non-hardenable impregnations (NC: non-curing), which are self-crosslinking even without the action of heat, can be used.
• Suitable impregnations are, for example, phenolic resins, acrylates or epoxy resins.
• the pores of the fine fiber layer may have a pore diameter between 30 and 40 ⁇ , wherein also about 40 to 80% of the pores are in this range. Due to the comparatively very small pore size, the fine fiber layer has a low soot absorption capacity, but a comparatively high degree of separation.
• the fibers of the fine fiber layer can be formed, for example, from polyamide (PA), from polyethylene (PE), polyester or from polypropylene (PP), it being understood that sheathed or entirely different fibers are conceivable.
• a fiber diameter of the fibers in the fine fiber layer is approximately between 1, 5 and 5 ⁇ , in particular between 1, 9 and 3.4 ⁇ , with an average fiber diameter is about 2.9 ⁇ .
• the basis weight of the fine fiber layer is considerably below that of the carrier layer, wherein the carrier layer, for example, may have a basis weight of about 138 g / m 2 , whereas the basis weight of the fine fiber layer is only about 20 g / m 2 .
• soot absorption capacity in grams per m 2 and the degree of separation in percent of both the composite filter material and the individual layers when exposed to soot from an oil lamp at a loading rate of 17.7 cm / s and 30 mbar differential pressure increase are listed . It can be seen that in the support layer, the soot absorption capacity of 5 g / m 2 is significantly above the soot absorption capacity of the fine fiber layer, for example, the meltblown, since this is the Rußabilitykapaztician. take capacity only at 0.6 to 0.7 g / m 2 , that is about one tenth.
• the degree of separation is higher in the case of the fine fiber layer compared with the carrier layer, the filter material seen as the overall composite comprising the carrier layer and the fine fiber layer connected thereto via the connection region having a significantly increased soot absorption capacity and a significantly increased separation efficiency compared to the individual layers.
• Tab. 1 Filtration behavior of the filter material according to the invention and its individual layers when exposed to 17.7 cm / s and soot from oil lamp (load to + 30 mbar differential pressure rise)
• Tab. 2 Material properties With regard to the thickness marked with * ) in Table 2, it can be said that, due to the material input into the adjacent layer, the overall composite (filter material) is thinner than the sum of the individual layers.
• the fine fiber layer may also comprise so-called nanofibers, which are formed, in particular, from any desired plastics, preferably from thermoplastics, such as, for example, polyamide (PA) or from polyurethane (PU).
• thermoplastics such as, for example, polyamide (PA) or from polyurethane (PU).
• PA polyamide
• PU polyurethane
• the carrier layer can of course also be formed as a so-called spunbond, which is generally understood to mean a spunbonded nonwoven in which, for example, a polymer is heated in an extruder and brought to a high pressure.
• the polymer is then pressed in exact dosage by means of spinning pumps through a die, the so-called spinnerets.
• the polymer emerges as a fine filament from the nozzle plate in still molten form and is then cooled by an air flow.
• an adjoining conveyor belt which is designed as a sieve, and in which a suction is arranged under the wire, the individual threads are fixed and there is a so-called random web, which is then still solidified, for example, rolled.
• usually heated rollers (calender) are used or a vapor stream, whereby an at least partially merging of the individual filament fibers and thus a particularly uniform distribution of the basis weight and a homogeneous design of the carrier layer can be achieved.
• connection region can be formed by additional material, eg an adhesive, solvent or a fiber layer, and / or by a special treatment of the layers, eg by pressing, welding or needling. the.
• additional material eg an adhesive, solvent or a fiber layer
• a special treatment of the layers eg by pressing, welding or needling. the.
• the additional material may be formed, for example, as adhesive particles or adhesive fibers with adhesive properties.
• the additional material is formed as an additional compound fiber layer, which undergo a thermal bond with the carrier layer and the fine fiber layer. In this case, the fibers of the connecting fiber layer can be melted and welded to fibers of the carrier layer and / or the fine fiber layer.
• the fused fibers of the compound fiber layer may also undergo mechanical bonding to the carrier layer and / or the fine fiber layer.
• the melt of the connecting fibers penetrates, for example, into the pores of the carrier layer and, after cooling, forms the mechanical connection.
• the adhesive particles or adhesive fibers connect the carrier layer with the fine fiber layer.
• the carrier layer When the carrier layer is combined with the fine fiber layer by means of a solvent, fibers and / or regions are dissolved and pressed together, whereby these fibers / regions of the layers bond to one another.
• the carrier layer connects directly to the fine fiber layer.
• fibers or components of the fine fiber layer can be introduced into the carrier layer or from the carrier layer into the fine fiber layer in order to form a composite. This can be achieved by a connection operation with / without heat input.
• the material entry into the respective other layer changes the porosity in this connection region. In the connection region, the porosity of the carrier layer is reduced and / or the fine fiber layer is increased. Thus, a continuous degressive pore profile over the filter medium is achieved.
• FIGURE 1 shows a sectional view through a filter material according to the invention.
• a filter material 1 has a total of at least two layers 2, 4, namely a carrier layer 2 and a fine fiber layer 4. These two layers 2, 4 are connected to one another by a connection region 3.
• a flow direction through the filter material 1 is shown with arrows 5.
• an impregnation 6 is arranged, which will be discussed in more detail below. At least on the inflow side, this means that a partial or complete impregnation of the carrier layer 2 should also be included in the invention, although the impregnation 6 in FIG. 1 is limited to the inflow side.
• the filter material 1 has, in the direction of flow 5, a degressive, ie smaller, pore size, with the carrier layer 2 on the inflow side and the fine fiber layer 4 on the outflow side.
• the fine fiber layer 4 can be configured, for example, as a so-called meltblown layer. to be.
• a total thickness d of the filter material 1 is more than 0.35 mm, in particular more than 0.6 mm. Due to the degressive in the flow direction 5 degressive pore size, the advantages of the individual layers 2, 4 combined with each other and thus a filter material 1 can be achieved with a high absorption capacity and high separation efficiency.
• the support layer 2 alone has a comparatively high absorption capacity (soot absorption capacity) of, for example, 5.0 g / m 2
• the fine fiber layer 4 only has a soot absorption capacity of 0.6 to 0.7 g / m 2 .
• a soot absorption capacity of 6.7 g / m 2 can be achieved, as shown for example in accordance with Table 1.
• the carrier layer 2 may comprise, for example, a polymer nonwoven or cellulose with or without synthetic fiber content, wherein a pore diameter between 65 and 85 ⁇ , in particular in the range of about 74 ⁇ , is.
• the pores of the fine fiber layer 4 however, have a significantly smaller pore diameter between 30 and 40 ⁇ on. In each case 40 to 80% of the pores lie in the respective pore diameter ranges.
• the fibers of the fine fiber layer 4 may for example consist of polyamide (PA), polyethylene (PE), polyester or polypropylene (PP).
• the diameter of the fibers of the fine fiber layer 4 is preferably between 1, 9 and 3.4 ⁇ , in particular at about 2.9 ⁇ .
• connection region 3 usually have a pore diameter between 30 and 45 ⁇ , wherein the connection region 3 may be formed in particular as an adhesive layer.
• the adhesive may comprise adhesive particles or adhesive fibers which connect the layers 2, 4 with each other.
• the connection area may be formed without material application.
• the connection region can be formed by welding the carrier layer 2 to the fine fiber layer 4.
• the fine fiber layer 4 may also be rolled onto the carrier layer 2.
• the air permeability of the individual layers in the carrier layer 2 is for example 840 l / (m 2 s) and in the fine fiber layer 4 about 645 l / (m 2 s). Due to the connection to the filter material 1 according to the invention whose air permeability is only about 355 l / (m 2 s).
• the filter material 1 By means of the filter material 1 according to the invention a uniform loading of the same over the entire depth can be achieved, in particular, a simultaneous filling of the individual layers and regions 2, 3, 4 can be achieved. In particular, saturation of a single layer or region 2, 3, 4 can thereby be avoided, which would considerably reduce the overall filter performance.
• the pore size profile is harmonized by the connection region 3, which means that a pore size profile is produced, for example, by adhesive fibers or adhesive particle droplets, which effects a gradual progression of the pore size from greater to smaller.
• the pore size is also preferably degressive, that is to say upstream on the basis of a pore size which corresponds to that of the carrier layer 2 and downstream with a pore size which corresponds to that of the fine fiber layer 4.
• the carrier layer 2 is also flame retardant.
• a cellulosic material for such a carrier layer 2, which is flame retardant, usually consists of 25-27 mass% of a resin for strength, rigidity, dimensional stability (especially of embossed spacers / cams) as well as for protection external factors (moisture, moisture, chemicals such as oil, fuel).
• a clogging of very fine pores (on the outflow side) and a closing or narrowing of fine pores can be reduced by a gusset formation of the resin, so that the pore structure through the resin on the clean side, that is, the outflow side of the support layer 2 not at all and on the upstream side, that is only marginally changed on the raw side.
• a general reduction of the resin content in the carrier layer 2 to about 22% by mass can also help, which likewise reduces the clogging of very fine pores, which lie in particular on the outflow side of a cellulose paper (carrier layer 2).
• the filter material 1 according to the invention can be used in particular in air filters of internal combustion engines in automobiles, in particular also for pleated filter elements or for wound inserts with mutually closed channels.
• the arrangement of the individual layers 2, 3, 4 with degressive pore diameter, a total of particularly efficient filter material 1 can be created.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Filtering Materials (AREA)

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• 2011
  • 2011-11-10 DE DE102011086104A patent/DE102011086104A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2012
  • 2012-11-08 BR BR112014010851A patent/BR112014010851A8/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2012-11-08 US US14/357,563 patent/US9592465B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2012-11-08 JP JP2014540446A patent/JP6138812B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2012-11-08 IN IN927KON2014 patent/IN2014KN00927A/en unknown
  • 2012-11-08 WO PCT/EP2012/072081 patent/WO2013068436A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2012-11-08 EP EP12786945.1A patent/EP2776140B1/de not_active Not-in-force
  • 2012-11-08 CN CN201280054359.6A patent/CN103917283B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

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