WO2013064199A1

WO2013064199A1 - Road-rail vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2013064199A1
Application number: PCT/EP2012/003835
Authority: WO
Inventors: Wolfgang Zappel
Original assignee: Wolfgang Zappel
Priority date: 2011-10-31
Filing date: 2012-09-13
Publication date: 2013-05-10
Also published as: DE102011117279A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a road-rail vehicle having a frame (1) on which motor-powered, in particular rubber-tyred road driving wheels (8 to 11) for road operation and rail wheels (4 to 7) by means of which the vehicle can move along rails (24, 25) are arranged. According to the invention the rail wheels (4 to 7) are fixedly arranged on the frame (1), and at least two of the road driving wheels (8 to 11) can be pivoted individually or jointly relative to the rail wheels (4 to 7) out of an extended first position, in which the contact plane of the road driving wheels (8 to 11) lies below the contact plane of the rail wheels (4 to 7), into a second retracted position, in which the contact plane of the road driving wheels (8 to 11) lies above the contact plane of the rail (4 to 7), and an electronic control device (32) is provided which controls the position of the road driving wheels (8 to 11) relative to the rail wheels (4 to 7) depending upon the driving state of the vehicle. The principle of the previous road-rail vehicles is fundamentally improved by the present invention. A considerable increase in effective usage of the vehicle is achieved, which for example configures the change of mode from road to rail substantially more simply, since for this purpose it is not necessary to extend the rail wheels (4 to 7) but to retract the road driving wheels (8 to 11).

Description

TWO-WAY VEHICLE

The invention relates to a two-way vehicle with a frame, on which motor-driven, in particular rubber-tyred road driving wheels for road operation and rail wheels are arranged, by means of which the vehicle is movable along rails, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Two-way vehicles have facilities that allow both the driving on roads and their use on rails. For this purpose, these vehicles are on the one hand with steerable road wheels and on the other hand e.g. equipped with rigid wheels located on the wheels. If the vehicle is used as a road vehicle, the rail wheels must be distanced from the rolling plane of the road wheels so far that an undisturbed operation of the then in use road wheels is guaranteed. If the vehicle is used as a road vehicle for track work, it must be ensured that the

Operating characteristics of the rail wheels in turn are not adversely affected by the road wheels. For this purpose, it is known from the prior art to arrange the rail wheels height adjustable on the vehicle frame, which, however, brings numerous disadvantages. Especially when switching from road to

Rail operation, the s.g. Rerouting, an exact positioning of the vehicle is required so that the lowered rail wheels hit the track track exactly. Position corrections are associated with considerable effort.

Another technical problem arises from the appropriate choice of the type of drive, or the transmission of the driving forces on the wheels used in each rail or road operation. In DE 202 14 353 Ul a two-way vehicle is described, which provides for this purpose a rubbing drum to the driving force of the road wheels on the

To transfer rail wheels. In order to achieve the same speeds as in forward driving even when reversing, a reverse gear is used. Basically, however, must be accepted when using friction drums that the forward drive in rail operation always requires a direction switchover, otherwise the Forward drive of the road wheels on the rubbing drum leads to a backward movement of the rail wheels.

From the US 4843973, DE 2844316, DE 3019439 and DE 3912194 two-way vehicles are known which have a frame, in addition to two oscillating on the frame

recorded Schienenradpaaren in addition also pivoting road drive wheels are arranged, which can be pivoted about hydraulic or pneumatic actuating cylinder up and down to move the vehicles both in rail operation, as well as in road operation. The drive of the vehicles takes place in the

Rail operation not on the road wheels, but on the rail wheels, which are mechanically driven to additional gearboxes. In addition, the road drive wheels are not pivotally mounted on the frame by 90 ° so that the vehicles are tracked on level crossings having a common width of e.g. 10 to 15 m if at all only in a very complex manner by multiple fore- and

Restricting is possible.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a two-way vehicle, which allows for a reduced mechanical complexity a rerouting on narrow level crossings and provides high suiting forces rail operation.

This object is achieved by a two-way vehicle with the features of claim 1. Further features of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

According to the invention, a two-way vehicle comprises a frame on which motor-driven, in particular rubber-tyred road driving wheels for road operation and rail wheels are arranged, by means of which the vehicle is movable along rails. The rail wheels are preferably housed in pairs on a frame-fixed axis and on a pendulum axis which is pivotable about a fixedly arranged on the frame pivot axis, and at least two of the road drive wheels are individually or jointly relative to the rail wheels from an extended first position in which the contact plane the road drive wheels is below the contact plane of the rail wheels, movable in a second retracted position in which the contact plane of the

Road drive wheels located above the contact plane of the rail wheels. Furthermore, an electronic control device is provided, which controls the position of the road drive wheels relative to the rail wheels in dependence on the driving state of the vehicle.

As far as below is spoken of the contact plane of the rail wheels, so hereby an imaginary plane by the four linear on-position areas meant in which the running surfaces of the rail wheels rest on the rails when the road drive wheels are moved up far enough that they are the top of the tracks Do not contact or only with a low contact pressure.

The two-way vehicle according to the invention is characterized in that each

Road drive wheel is associated with a motor-gear unit, and that each

Street drive wheel is pivotable about a vertical axis, in particular by an angle of more than 90 °.

The invention provides numerous advantages that significantly improved

Use effect of the vehicle bring with it. On the one hand, the change of operation from the road to the rail is much easier, since not the rail wheels are extended, but the road drive wheels are retracted. If it comes in this process to a non-true to track insertion of the rail wheels, the road wheels can be used simultaneously to correct. Because of that during rail operation

According to the invention rail wheels and road wheels are in use, the

Road wheels are used as directly acting on the rails drive wheels without having to work with intermediate friction rollers. On the other hand, the driving force can be changed depending on the operating situation, so that the weight of the two-way vehicle when Pulling a wagon is selectively shifted to the rail wheels or on the road drive wheels.

The two-way vehicle according to the invention is additionally improved by the fact that the frame-fixed axis or the pendulum axis on which the front and rear rail wheels are arranged in pairs, in the region of the frame-fixed axis, or the pivot axis in each case via a frame-fixed force measuring sensor, in particular via a force measuring bolt which extends in particular along the pivot axis, or forms these, are attached to the frame and the electronic control device, the pressing force, which are applied to the road drive wheels, in response to the signals of the front and / or rear

Force sensor changed.

The swinging of the road drive wheels beyond the plane of the rigid rail wheels also makes it possible in rail operation to press the road wheels with a more or less large contact force on the rails. This contact pressure is preferably changed depending on the operating state of the vehicle via the electronic control device, wherein in a first operating mode for attracting a stationary car on a track body, the road drive wheels can be pivoted so far beyond the level of rail wheels out that almost the entire weight load of the vehicle on the preferably

pneumatic driven drive wheels and the rail wheels take over only a guiding function. This makes it possible for wagons very high marking resistances, which are in the range of 6 kp / t weight of the wagon, when starting by the rubber tires in

Reliably apply the connection with the high contact pressure for a short time, eg for 10 seconds. At higher speeds, where the rolling resistance is only in the range of about 2 kp / t, the contact pressure on the road wheels can be taken back, resulting in the advantage that the rail wheels reliably and safely guide the vehicle on the rails , The invention also provides the advantage that provides a fully sprung suspension for comfortable ride comfort in vehicles with a high weight during conventional road operation. Due to the individual pivotability of the road wheels and the control of the

Contact force as a function of the driving condition results in the rail operation, the advantage that at low speeds, a high tensile torque to overcome the Anreißwiderstandes is enabled and at faster speeds, e.g. up to 25 km / h or more, on the fixed rail wheels also a high security against derailment is obtained. Overall, it is possible with the invention, the pressure forces to a continuous control

subject as much as possible to reduce the slip of the drive wheels during rail operation. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, it is contemplated that each

Street drive wheel is received in a pivotally mounted on the frame rocker and that each rocker an actuator, in particular a pneumatically or hydraulically acting cylinder is assigned, which acts on the rocker for moving the road wheels in the first position with a variable force by the electronic control device. This causes the Fahrkornfort is improved dramatically in the road mode, as the cylinder - similar to air suspension in motor vehicles - smooth road bumps. By including the road wheels on individual wings or on linear guides such as shock absorbers, there is also the advantage that the position of the vehicle, for example, at slow cornering on the road and to a certain extent on track bodies, which are arranged inclined by a Extension of the inside wheels can be compensated. In addition, the possibility of driving the road wheels individually up and down results in the advantage that a tire change can be carried out in the shortest possible time and with the least possible effort, which is often a major problem in other two-way vehicles.

The preferred embodiment of the invention provides that each road drive wheel is associated with an electric motor-gear unit connected to a power supply, which is pivotable about a vertical axis, in particular by an angle of more than 90 °. This makes it possible that the two-way vehicle can be tracked in the area of a railroad crossing on the rails. For self-sufficient energy supply, the inventive two-way vehicle has a arranged on the vehicle frame Power generator, in particular an accumulator or driven by an internal combustion engine electric generator.

The invention will be described below with reference to the drawings with reference to a preferred embodiment.

In the drawings show:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the two-way vehicle according to the invention in

Use on a street,

2 shows the two-way vehicle on the road in use in a side view,

3 shows a plan view of the vehicle shown in FIG. 2,

4 is a perspective view of the two-way vehicle according to the invention in use on a track bed,

Fig. 5 located on a track bed in use two-way vehicle in one

Side view, and

6 shows a plan view of the vehicle shown in Fig. 5.

The two-way vehicle according to the invention comprises a frame 1 to which two rail wheels 4, 7 and 5, 6 are arranged on a frame-fixed axle and / or a pendulum axle 2, 3. The special feature of the arrangement of the rail wheels 4 to 7 is that they are added to a frame-fixed rotation axis 30 pivotally mounted on the frame 1 and even have no own mechanical Höhenverstell- or suspension function. This function is inventively taken from the road wheels 8 to 11, which are equipped with an input and Ausfahrfunktion. The road drive wheels 8 to 11 are each suspended individually and preferably pivotally on the frame. 1 attached swinging 12 to 15 added. The rockers 12 to 15 can each be pivoted about their axes 16 to 19 by an actuator 26, eg a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder, individually or in pairs, whereby the road wheels 8 to 11 picked up from a first operating position to a second operating position and back again be moved to the first operating position. Although the axles 2, 3 are positioned outside the road drive wheels 8 through 11 in the illustrations of FIGS. 1 through 6, as viewed from the center of the vehicle, it is also conceivable that they may be

to be arranged internally between the front and rear road drive wheels. Each road drive wheel 8 to 11 is associated with its own motor-gear unit 20, 21, 22, 23, which is pivotable about a vertical axis, in particular by an angle of more than 90 degrees. Thus, the road drive wheels 8 to 11 can be used for steering and the vehicle are used in road traffic, and according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the front and rear road drive wheels to improve the handling in curves at higher speeds are preferably also pivoted in opposite directions. The possible maximum pivoting angle of 90 ° in each direction also allows the two-way vehicle according to the invention preferably to be positioned on a railroad crossing parallel to the tracks for rerouting when the road drive wheels are extended and then driven onto the rails due to the 90 ° transverse position of the road drive wheels until the rail wheels are true to track over the respective rails 24, 25 are located. This is based on an operating position, as e.g. is shown in Figures 1 to 3. In this situation, in which the rail wheels 4 to 7 are inoperative and the road drive wheels 8 to 11 have been extended so far that the rail wheels, e.g. 10 cm or more above the road and leave the contact plane to the road, the two-way vehicle according to the invention in the normal

Road traffic are used, as shown in Fig. 1. The road drive wheels 8 to 11 are in this case in a first position, which is also referred to below as the primary position. The use on a track bed is shown in Figures 4 to 6. By slightly upwardly pivoted rockers 12 to 15 of the frame 1 is lowered so far that the Rail wheels 4 to 7 on the rails 24, 25 sit. If the track with the rail wheels 4 to 7 could not be hit exactly when being ridden, a correction is easily possible by the rockers 12, 13, 14 and / or 15 corresponding to the desired

Position correction as far as its axes 16, 17, 18, 19 are pivoted until the

Road drive wheels 8 to 11 come back into contact with the ground.

In rail operation in addition to the rail wheels and the road drive wheels 8 to 11 remain in contact with the rails 24, 25, this position is referred to below as the second position or secondary position. The contact pressure with which the preferred

rubber-tired, in particular pneumatic road drive wheels 8 to 11 are pressed onto the top of the rails, can be selectively controlled by the electronic control device 32, the pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders of the rockers 12 to 15 applied via valves not shown in detail with a variable force. The manipulated variables are determined by the schematically indicated force measuring pins 28a and 28b, which are firmly received at one end on the frame 1 and extending along the respective axis of rotation 30 of the front and rear axles 2, 3, at which the respective rail wheels 4 to 7 are arranged. By pivotable about the axis of rotation 30 receiving at least one of the two, but preferably both rail axes 2, 3 of force measuring pins 28a, 28b the possibility is created to compensate for a bumps in the Sctaenenfuhrung rail operation, and on the other to provide well-defined force measuring signals which allow the electronic control device 32 to change the pressure forces on the road wheels 8 to 10 individually, axle wise or together in such a way that in particular in the first operating mode when tightening a stationary car, the spin one or more of the

Road wheels are prevented and the tightening force is maximum.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the wings 12 to 15 individually or for each axis in pairs on the actuators 26 are pivotable, which is similar to air suspension in motor vehicles. This not only gives the possibility that the road wheels 8 to 11 for road operation over the plane of the rigid

Rail wheels 4 to 7 can be pivoted out, but also that the driven road wheels 8 to 11 can be pressed if necessary with a more or less large contact pressure on the rails 24, 25.

This contact pressure is changed depending on the operating state when starting the vehicle on only schematically in Fig. 2 and 5 indicated electronic control device 32, wherein in a first operating mode for attracting a stationary car on a track body, the road drive wheels 8 to 11 so far on the plane of the rail wheels 4 to 7 can be pivoted out that almost the entire weight load of the vehicle on the drive wheels 8 to 11 loads. The rail wheels 4 to 7 take over a guiding function only for a short time, for which purpose the rail wheels 4 to 7 are provided in a known manner with lateral wheel rims, which are e.g. have a height of 1 cm to 5 cm or more and prevent during rail operation lateral jumping out of the rail wheels from the tracks. At higher speeds, e.g. From 5 km / h, the road wheels 8 to 11 are then pivoted back so far by the electronic control device 32 that the vehicle completely on the running surfaces of the

Rail wheels rests and is guided solely by the rail wheels 4 to 7 on the tracks, whereas the road wheels are acted upon in this mode of operation with a significantly lower pressure, since they only have to transmit the significantly lower rolling friction and other driving forces on the tracks. The

Rail wheels 4, 5, 6 and 7 are preferably freely rotatably received on the respective pendulum axes 2, 3. The rail edges are not driven in contrast to the road wheels 8 to 11 and take over during rail operation only one

Driving function, but no drive function. As a result, mechanically complex and expensive additional gearboxes can be omitted, which are used in the prior art for introducing the drive power in the rail wheels, and due to the low coefficient of friction between the steel surfaces of the rail wheels and the tracks only a small increase in tensile force when tightening drove by wagons. By omitting this complex additional transmission, however, results in the device according to the invention, however, the advantage that the space occupied by the gears for pivoting the road wheels 8 to 11 is available, creating a Pivoting the motor-gear units 20 to 23 can be realized considerably easier mechanically due to the existing additional space.

List of reference numbers

1 frame

2 Front swing axle for rail wheels

3 Rear frame fixed axle / swing axle for rail wheels

4 rail wheel

5 rail wheel

6 rail wheel

7 rail wheel

8 road drive wheel

9 road drive wheel

10 road drive wheel

11 road drive wheel

12 swingarm

13 swingarm

14 swingarm

15 swingarm

16 axis of the rocker 12

17 Axis of the rocker 13

18 axis of the rocker 14

19 axis of the rocker 15

20 engine and transmission unit

21 Engine and transmission unit

22 Engine and transmission unit

23 Engine and transmission unit

24 rail

25 rail

26 actuator

28a force measuring bolt on front pendulum axle

28a load pin on rear swing axle

30 axis of rotation of the pendulum axes

32 electronic control device

Claims

claims

Two-way vehicle with a frame (1) on which motor-driven, in particular rubber-tyred road driving wheels (8-11) for road operation and rail wheels (4 to 7) are arranged, by means of which the vehicle along rails (24, 25) is movable, wherein the rail wheels (4 to 7) fixed and / or oscillating on the frame (1) are arranged and at least two of

Road drive wheels (8 to 11) individually or jointly relative to the rail wheels (4 to 7) from an extended first position in which the contact plane of the road drive wheels (8 to 11) below the contact plane of the rail wheels (4 to 7), in a second pivoted retracted position in which the contact plane of the road drive wheels (8 to 11) above the contact plane of the rail wheels (4 to 7), and wherein a control device (32) is provided which the position of the road drive wheels (8 to 11) relative to the rail wheels (4 to 7) in

Depends on the driving condition of the vehicle,

characterized,

each road drive wheel (8 to 11) is associated with a motor-gear unit (20, 21, 22 or 23), and that each road drive wheel (8 to 11) is pivotable about a vertical axis, in particular by an angle of more than 90 ° ,

Two-way vehicle according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

in that each of the road drive wheels (8 to 11) is received in a rocker arm (12 to 15) mounted pivotably on the frame (1), and in that each rocker arm (12 to 15) is assigned an actuator (26), in particular a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder , the rocker (12 to 15) for pivoting the

Road drive wheels (8 to 11) in the first position with a by the electronic control device (32) variable force applied. Two-way vehicle according to claim 2,

characterized,

in that the motor gear unit (20 to 23) comprises an electric motor, and that a power generator, in particular a power source or an electric generator driven by an internal combustion engine, is arranged on the frame (1).

Two-way vehicle according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

in a first operating mode, the electronic control device (32) pivots the road drive wheels (8 to 11) so far beyond the plane of the rail wheels (4 to 7) for tightening a stationary carriage on a track body that more than 50%, in particular more than 70 % of the weight load of the vehicle on the road drive wheels (8 to 11) loads and the rail wheels (4 to 7) take over only one Fülirungsfiiiiktion.

Two-way vehicle according to claim 4,

characterized,

that the electronic control device (32) in a second operating mode on reaching a predetermined speed, the road drive wheels (8 to 11) pivoted back so far that the vehicle alone through the rail wheels (4 to 7) on the tracks (24, 25) is guided and the Road drive wheels (8 to 10) only the driving forces to overcome the rolling friction on the tracks (24, 25) transmitted.

Two-way vehicle according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

at least two of the rail wheels (4 to 7) are fastened substantially rigidly to the frame (1) via frame-fixed force measuring sensors (28a, 28b), in particular via force measuring pins, and in that the electronic control device (32) determines the pressing force with which the road drive wheels ( 8 to 11), depending on the signals of the force measuring sensors (28a, 28b) changed.

7. Two-way vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized

in that the rail wheels (4, 7, 5, 6) are freely rotatably mounted on a front and / or rear oscillating axle (2, 3), which is accommodated on the frame (1) so as to be pivotable about a frame-fixed rotation axis (30).

8. Two-way vehicle according to claim 7,

characterized,

in that the force measuring pins (28a, 28b) are fixedly attached to the frame (1) at one end and extend along the axis of rotation (30) of the pendulum axis (2, 3) on which the respective rail wheels (4 to 7) are arranged.