DE102012004328A1 - Road-rail vehicle has road driving wheels received in respective receiver such that intersection of pivot axis to rolling plane of wheel is arranged at preset distance from contact point of wheel - Google Patents

Abstract

The vehicle (1) has road driving wheels (4) received in respective receiver (6) of frame (2) such that intersection of pivot axis (28) to rolling plane of wheel is arranged at a preset distance from contact point of wheel and plane, and wheel from first drive position with reduced track width is pivoted about 180[deg] into second driving position of increased track width. The linear guide wheels (40) contact rails for moving vehicle along different track widths and are positioned in different positions to adapt to different track widths in axial direction relative to each other.

Description

The invention relates to a two-way vehicle with variable track gauge according to the preamble of claim 1.

Two-way vehicles are used to maneuver railway wagons on private or public rail networks in addition to locomotion on the road. For this purpose, the two-way vehicles in addition to the drive wheels with rubber tires for road use in addition a chassis with four adapted to the width of the rail network rail wheels that run the vehicle along the rails while this is driven by the road wheels, which also during rail operation in Contact with the tracks are located.

Such a two-way vehicle is for example from the DE 10 2006 025 188 A1 known. The vehicle described therein has a chassis on which a total of four road drive wheels with associated engine-gear units are pivotally supported about vertical axes, which allow the vehicle on narrow level crossings by turning the wheels by 90 ° in the transverse direction over the tracks to drive and then drive by pivoting the road drive wheels in the direction of travel and lowering the rail wheels along the tracks. The document is no indication removable to change the track of the vehicle by pivoting the wheels by more than 90 ° relative to the direction of travel, thereby enabling operation on rail networks with two different gauges.

In rail vehicles, it is known that there is a problem that the rail networks of different countries often have different gauges, which means that the distance between the lateral inner edges of the rails varies from country to country. For example, the distance between the two inner sides of the track is 1435 mm for the rail system used in Europe, with the exception of Spain, Finland and Russia, which is referred to as the "normal gauge". In contrast, the rail systems in Spain have a track width of 1668 mm and the gauge of the rail network in Russia, for example, 1520 mm.

Due to the different gauges results not only in pure rail vehicles, which are designed to travel at higher speeds, the problem that they can not be operated simultaneously on the standard gauge rail network and the Spanish rail network, but there is also the difficulty that too the two-way vehicles can not be used on both rail networks.

From the DE 20 2009 005 968 U1 For example, a two-way vehicle is known in which the motor-driven rail wheels are slidably mounted on axles and slid over an elaborate transmission to move the vehicle on the rails. As a base unit for the two-way vehicle described above, for example, serves a truck on which the chassis is received with a variable gauge, and which can be lowered, for example by means of a hydraulic device.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a two-way vehicle, which is primarily for shunting at low speeds, for example, at speeds up to 50 km / h, can be used, and with which at a comparatively small device outlay, a change of a gauge can be done on a different track within a very short time.

This object is achieved by a two-way vehicle with the features of claim 1.

Further features of the invention are described in the subclaims.

According to the invention, a two-way vehicle comprises a frame, on which four rubber-tyred road drive wheels are received, on which the vehicle can be driven in a known manner on a road or a flat surface, for example, to a railroad crossing in order to train this on a rail network. Each of the road drive wheels is accommodated in a wheel receptacle which is similar to a rocker, preferably a one-armed rocker is formed. The wheel mount with the road drive wheel received thereon is supported on its upper side via an axial bearing pivotally on the frame. The pivot axis in this case runs substantially vertically, d. H. in a standing on a horizontal surface vehicle in the direction perpendicular to the direction of travel, or to the plane. On the frame of the vehicle four track guide wheels are further included, which are arranged at a first distance from each other and can be brought in rail operation with the top of the rails in contact to the vehicle in a movement along two spaced rails / tracks transversely to the direction of travel to lead.

The two-way vehicle according to the invention is characterized in that each Straßenantriebsrad at the associated wheel in a recorded such that the intersection of the pivot axis with the rolling plane of the road drive wheel at a predetermined distance from the contact point of the road drive wheel on the rolling plane. In other words, the contact point, that is, the center of the contact surface between an associated Straßenantriebsrad and the plane in which the wheel rolls, is arranged eccentrically to the intersection of the pivot axis with the rolling plane.

Each of the wheel supports is according to the invention from a first driving position, which is referred to below as driving position with reduced track, by 180 ° in a second position pivotally, which is referred to in the following text as driving position with increased track width. Due to the eccentric arrangement of the Aufstandpunkts each road drive wheel from the pivot axis of the wheel, the track of the road drive wheels in a simple manner and in the shortest possible time by pivoting the wheel by 180 ° from a lesser degree to a greater degree - and vice versa - change. In order to reliably guide the two-way vehicle according to the invention on track systems with different gauges on the tracks, while the rubber-tyred road drive wheels transmit the drive torque for the movement of the vehicle on the tracks, the rail guide wheels are displaceable in pairs in the axial direction relative to each other in different positions, in Depending on the gauge of the currently used rail system can be selected.

By the invention there is the advantage that the change of the gauge from one rail system to the track of another rail system can be done within a few minutes. This results in the particular advantage that the vehicle only has to be parked on a preferably flat road surface in order to pivot the wheel housings together with the road drive wheels through 180 ° in the other position without the vehicle being lifted off the ground, for example by a crane got to.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the distance between the pivot axis and the Aufstandpunkt a Straßenantriebsrades preferably in the range of 21.25 mm, whereby at a distance between the pivot axes in the range of 1574 mm by pivoting the wheel by 180 °, a change from the in Europe's primarily used standard gauge rail system with a gauge of 1435 mm on the Russian in Russia mostly used broad gauge rail system with a gauge of 1520 mm is possible. The gauge of the aforementioned rail systems is measured from the inner edge of a rail to the inner edge of the opposite rail.

The width of the tread of each rubber-tyred road drive wheel of the two-way vehicle according to the invention can vary and is preferably more than 100 mm, in particular more than 150 mm. In this case, the contact point of the road drive wheels in rail operation is preferably beyond the Radmittelebene in the inner region of the tread to a collision with objects in the interior of the rails / tracks, such. B. adjusting devices for switches, etc., to avoid.

It is understood that by a suitable choice of the distance between the intersection of the pivot axis with the rolling plane and the Aufstandspunkt also a change from any rail system to any other rail system of different gauge is possible, for example, from the aforementioned European standard gauge rail system on the Spanish broad gauge rail system used in Spain with a gauge of approx. 1670 mm.

According to another idea underlying the invention, a separate motor-gear unit is assigned to each wheel mount, which is in drive connection with the associated road drive wheel, in particular via a wheel hub rotatably mounted on the wheel mount, which is preferably driven via a bevel gear, which on the wheel recorded or integrated into it.

In order to be able to make a certain amount of distances between the intersection of the pivot axis with the rolling plane without fundamental changes to the geometry of the frame, it may be provided according to a further embodiment of the invention, the road wheels releasably over spacers, z. B. Spacers with a desired distance corresponding length to attach to the corresponding hub of the wheel. This makes it possible to obtain an adaptation of the vehicle to almost all common rail systems with comparatively low costs for the spacers.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, each wheel is individually together with the associated engine-transmission unit via its own steering gear at least 180 ° pivotally, resulting in the advantage that the two-way vehicle by pivoting the wheel by 90 ° in the transverse direction on a railroad crossing laterally over the rails can be driven, and the invention Vehicle can then be positioned in the shortest time by pairwise pivoting the road drive wheels in the respectively desired first driving position or in the second driving position in the direction of travel on the tracks. Following this, the rail guide wheels are then adjusted to the desired gauge and brought into contact with the tracks, which will be discussed in more detail below.

Although an electric motor is preferably used as a motor for driving the motor-gear unit, it may also be provided that the motor-gear units comprise a hydraulic motor which is supplied with hydraulic oil by a central hydraulic pump driven by an internal combustion engine.

It is also conceivable, a central drive motor, for. B. to provide an internal combustion engine or an electric motor, the drive power z. B. on timing belts, chains or gears on pulleys or gears on the top of each wheel receiver transmits, which are coupled to a running in the region of the pivot axis shaft, which then transmits the drive power via the bevel gear described above to the respective hub.

In the preferred embodiment of the two-way vehicle according to the invention each wheel is taken together with the associated Straßenantriebsrad on its own rocker, which pivots via an actuator, such as a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, from an extended, lowered position for road operation in a retracted position for rail operation can be. The Schienenführugsräder are in this embodiment of the invention in pairs opposite one another via a frame-fixed connected to the frame pendulum axis commuting received on the frame to compensate for unevenness in the track bed during rail operation can. By a common start-up of the recorded in the swinging swing road wheels can hereby lower the entire vehicle frame, z. B. by 200 mm or more, whereby the rail guide wheels received on the frame-fixed pendulum axis on the frame come into contact with the tracks. By an individual actuation of the actuator assigned to each rocker, the pressing force with which the road drive wheels are supported on the tracks can be set individually as required for each wheel, which is preferably done by a central electronic control device.

Instead of receiving the road wheels on the previously described swing it is alternatively possible, the road wheels on linearly movable elements, such as pneumatic traveling struts, etc., to arrange, in order to move them in the manner described above and down. When the vehicle is to be switched from rail operation back to road operation, the road drive wheels are lowered by operating the actuators together until the rail guide wheels have a sufficient distance to the rolling plane, for example, 200 mm and more. In this mode of operation, the vehicle can be moved freely on roads and driveways like a conventional land vehicle, with a directional change being made by pairwise pivoting the wheel receivers of a single axle as well as by opposing pairwise pivoting of the road drive wheels on the front and rear axles.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, each of the rail guide wheels is received on a guide arm, which is fastened in a direction perpendicular to the direction of travel guide slidably mounted on the vehicle frame. In this case, the guides of the rail guide wheels of a rail axis are preferably accommodated in pairs on a common cross member, which is mounted on the frame to oscillate about a pendulum axis running in the direction of travel. In order to change the position of the rail guide wheels transversely to the direction of travel, in this embodiment of the invention advantageously another actuator is provided, which is supported with its one end on the cross member or the frame and which acts with its other end on the respective guide arm, to move it automatically. It is understood that the displacement can also be done manually if desired. To fix the axial position of the rail guide wheels, the arms and guides may be provided at predetermined positions for the desired gauges with aligned bores into which securing bolts are manually inserted, which clamps the arms against the guides against inadvertent axial displacement, i. H. a shift across the direction of travel, secure.

In a further alternative embodiment of the invention, in which the road drive wheels in a conventional manner in the vertical direction fixed to the frame, that is not moved on the frame, are taken, the wheel supports are supported in an advantageous manner via a thrust bearing on a mounting plate, the frame-fixed connected to the frame is. The rail guide wheels are rotatably held in this embodiment on arms which are movable in both the vertical direction, as well as transversely to the direction of travel to the Lower rail guide wheels for rail operation onto the tracks and simultaneously adjust them to the respective track width in the axial direction. The lowering and / or the axial positioning of the arms is also carried out here preferably via hydraulic actuators, but can also be done at least partially manually.

The invention will be described below with reference to the drawings with reference to a preferred embodiment.

In the drawings show:

1 a schematic perspective view of a two-way vehicle according to the invention in the second driving position with increased track width, and lowered road driving wheels during road operation,

2 a schematic view of the wheel housings with the road wheels in the second driving position in rail operation,

3 1 is a schematic view of the wheel supports with the street drive wheels in the first drive position with reduced track width during rail operation;

4a a schematic view of the Schienenführungsräder in the contracted first driving position with reduced track in rail operation, and

4b a schematic view of the rail guide wheels in the driven apart second driving position with increased track in rail operation.

As in the 1 to 3 such as 4a and 4b is shown, comprises a two-way vehicle according to the invention 1 a frame 2 , on which four rubber-tyred road drive wheels 4 are included. As the representation of 2 and 3 can be taken in detail, each of the road drive wheels 4 through an associated wheel mount 6 worn, which is a housing 6a in the form of a one-armed rocker, in which a bevel gear 8a is arranged, one in the lower part of the housing 6a mounted axle journal 10 drives on which the road drive wheel 4 in a known manner with a rubber tread 12 carrying rim 14 at an in 1 . 2 and 3 only schematically indicated wheel hub 16 over bolt 17 is releasably attached.

As the representation of 2 and 3 can still be taken, is at each wheel 6 a motor-gear unit 18 arranged, which are located on the housing 6a supports the Radaufnahmen. The engine-gear unit 18 includes an electric motor 20 that has a spur gear 22 and one in the case 6a extending drive shaft 24 the angular gear 8th drives to the respective road drive wheel 4 to turn.

Each of the four engine-gear units 18 is at its upper end to an associated swingarm 26 via a not shown in the figures thrust bearing about a pivot axis 28 swiveled back and forth by at least 180 °, as by the double arrows 30 is indicated. The pivoting of each wheel 6 with the motor-gear unit arranged thereon 18 preferably takes place via a frame 2 arranged electric motor 32 and another steering gear 34 , whose output side spur gear 34b concentric to the pivot axis 28 runs so that the motor-side drive gear 34a when pivoting the wheel mounts 6 in constant mesh with the spur gear 34a is.

To the two-way vehicle according to the invention 1 in road operation on an in 1 shown driving surface 36 to move, become the four wings 26 in the in 1 shown downward position pivoted, which is preferred by one of each rocker 26 associated actuator 38 , Preferably in the form of a hydraulic cylinder takes place, which for illustrative reasons, only on the rocker 26 the right road drive wheel 4 in 1 is indicated.

In this in 1 shown driving position for the road operation are the wings with the recorded road wheels 4 so far in the direction of the driving surface 36 pivots out that on opposite sides of the frame 2 at this recorded rail guide wheels 40 in the distance to the driving surface 36 are arranged and do not contact them. By a simultaneous drive of preferably all four electric motors 20 the engine-transmission units 18 by means of an electronic control device not shown in detail as well as a corresponding axle-wise pivoting of the motor-gear units 18 using the electric motors 32 can the two-way vehicle according to the invention 1 like a conventional land vehicle on the runway 36 to be moved.

To the vehicle 1 operate in rail operation, the vehicle is parallel to the longitudinal direction in the 2 to 4 indicated rails 42.1 respectively. 42.2 a rail system positioned. Following this are the road drive wheels 4 by pivoting the wheel supports 6 positioned 90 ° across the direction of travel and the vehicle by driving all four electric motors 20 preferably with walking speed in the transverse direction over the tracks 42 driven until the Reaching position is reached. Then, depending on the track width of the rail system, the wheel housings are rotated clockwise or counterclockwise by 90 ° to the in 2 or 3 first or second driving position pivoted back. As the representation of 2 and 3 this can be taken in detail, is the point of intersection 44 the pivot axis 28 with the schematically indicated rolling plane 46 the respective road drive wheel 4 viewed in the direction of travel at a distance A from the Aufstandpunkt 48 of the road drive wheel 4 arranged. This allows the gauge of a in 2 for a first driving position with reduced gauge indicated value B1 on a in 3 for a second driving position indicated greater value B2 be enlarged to the vehicle optionally on the in 2 shown first rail system 42.1 reduced gauge or in 3 shown second rail system 42.2 to operate with increased track width.

In order to achieve a reliable guidance of the vehicle 1 on the rails 42.1 and 42.2 ensure the respective rail system, are after pivoting the wheel 6 in the first or second driving position, the rail guide wheels 40 moved in a corresponding manner in the axial direction, as described below with reference to the 4a and 4b is explained.

According to the presentation of the 4a and 4b is each of the rail guide wheels 40 on a guide arm 50 taken in a direction perpendicular to the direction of travel leadership 52 is slidably mounted. The guide arm 50 For example, it may be a tube which is oval or rectangular in cross-section and which is received in the oval or rectangular tubular guide adapted to the cross-sectional shape in order to circumferentially rotate the guide arm 50 within the leadership 52 excluded. The guides 52 are preferred on a cross member 54 taken., Which is a running in the direction of travel swing axle 56 swiveling on the frame 2 is stored. To the guide arms 50 and the rail guide wheels connected thereto 40 in the axial direction from the in 4a shown position for the operation of the vehicle on the first rail system 42.1 With reduced track in the axial direction to move outward, is each of the guide arms 50 with an actuator 58 coupled in the form of a hydraulic cylinder, which is preferably on the cross member 54 supported. By moving the guide arms back and forth 52 using the actuators 58 , which are also operated by an electronic control device, the axial distance of the rail guide wheels can be 40 adjust according to the invention on the track width of the respective rail system.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

inventive two-way vehicle

2

frame

4

Street driving wheels

6

wheel

6a

Housing of the wheel

8th

angle gear

10

journal

12

Rubber tread

14

rim

16

wheel hub

17

bolts

18

Engine transmission unit

20

electric motor

22

Spur gears

24

drive shaft

26

wing

28

swivel axis

30

double arrow

32

Electric motor for steering

34

steering gear

34a

motor-side drive gear

34b

output-side spur gear

36

driving surface

38

actuator

40

Schienenführungsrad

42.1

Rails of the first rail system

42.2

Rails of the second rail system

44

intersection

46

Rolling plane of the road wheels on the rails

48

contact point

50

guide

52

guide

54

crossbeam

56

swing axle

58

actuator

A

distance

B1

gauge

B2

gauge

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102006025188 A1 [0003]
• DE 202009005968 U1 [0006]

Claims (9)

Two-way vehicle ( 1 ) with a frame ( 2 ), with four rubber-tyred road wheels ( 4 ) for road use, each at one with the frame ( 1 ) connected wheel ( 6 ) are received, which about a substantially vertical pivot axis ( 28 ) is pivotable, and with four rail guide wheels ( 40 ), which are arranged at a first distance (B1) to each other and in rail operation with the top of the rails ( 42.1 ) are brought into contact with the vehicle ( 1 ) during a movement along two spaced-apart rails (B1, B2) ( 42.1 . 43.2 ) transverse to the direction of travel, characterized in that each road drive wheel ( 4 ) at the associated wheel receiver ( 6 ) is taken in such a way that the point of intersection ( 44 ) of the pivot axis with the rolling plane ( 46 ) of the road drive wheel ( 4 ) at the distance (A) from the contact point ( 48 ) of the road drive wheel ( 4 ) on the roll level ( 46 ) is arranged that each road drive wheel ( 4 ) is pivotable from a first driving position with a reduced track width (B1) by 180 ° into a second driving position with an enlarged track width (B2), and that the rail guide wheels ( 40 ) can be positioned in different positions in the axial direction relative to each other for adaptation to different track widths (B1, B2). Two-way vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance (A) between the intersection of the pivot axis ( 44 ) with the rolling level ( 46 ) and the Aufstandpunkt ( 48 ) of a road drive wheel ( 4 ) is in the range of 21.25 mm. Two-way vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the road drive wheels ( 4 ) detachable via spacers on a wheel hub ( 16 ) of the wheel receiver ( 6 ) are included. Two-way vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each wheel receiver ( 6 ) a separate motor-gear unit ( 18 ) associated with the associated Straßenantriebsrad ( 4 ) via a transmission ( 22 . 8th ) is in drive connection. Two-way vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that each wheel ( 4 ) together with the associated engine-transmission unit ( 18 ) via its own steering gear ( 34 ) is individually pivotable by at least 180 °. Two-way vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each wheel mount ( 6 ) together with the associated road drive wheel ( 4 ) on its own swingarm ( 26 ), which via an actuator ( 38 ) is pivotable from an extended position for road operation into a retracted position for rail operation, and that the rail guide wheels ( 40 ) in pairs opposite to the frame ( 2 ) fixed to the frame or about a longitudinal direction of the vehicle ( 1 ) pendulum axis ( 56 ) are received commuting. Two-way vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the rail guide wheels ( 4 ) on a guide arm ( 50 ) received in a transverse to the direction of travel leadership ( 52 ) displaceable on the vehicle frame ( 2 ) is attached. Two-way vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that the guides ( 52 ) of the rail guide wheels ( 4 ) of a rail axis in pairs together on a common cross member ( 54 ), which about a running in the direction of travel pendulum axis ( 56 ) is mounted oscillating on the frame, and that on the frame ( 2 ) or on the pendulum axis ( 56 ) supporting actuator ( 58 ) is provided, which on the guide arms ( 50 ) and to move them to change the track (B1, B2) axially relative to each other. Two-way vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the wheel receivers ( 6 ) via a frame-fixed thrust bearing on the frame ( 2 ) and that the rail guide wheels ( 40 ) on guide arms ( 50 ) which are relative to the frame ( 2 ) in both the vertical direction, as well as transversely to the direction of travel are moved to the rail guide wheels ( 40 ) for rail operation on the rails ( 42.1 . 42.2 ) and simultaneously adjust in the axial direction to the respective track (B1, B2).

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