WO2013063867A1 - 逆流罐式煅烧炉 - Google Patents

逆流罐式煅烧炉 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013063867A1
WO2013063867A1 PCT/CN2012/001478 CN2012001478W WO2013063867A1 WO 2013063867 A1 WO2013063867 A1 WO 2013063867A1 CN 2012001478 W CN2012001478 W CN 2012001478W WO 2013063867 A1 WO2013063867 A1 WO 2013063867A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
channel
fire
tank
volatile
rear wall
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/001478
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周善红
孙毅
崔银河
刘朝东
许海飞
王敏
许开伟
吕博
李晓坤
李鹏
Original Assignee
中铝国际工程股份有限公司
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Application filed by 中铝国际工程股份有限公司 filed Critical 中铝国际工程股份有限公司
Priority to RU2014122137/02A priority Critical patent/RU2601019C2/ru
Publication of WO2013063867A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013063867A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/14—Arrangements of heating devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tank calciner, and more particularly to a countercurrent tank calciner for producing an anode, a cathode, an electrode and a carbon graphitized material for aluminum in the carbon industry.
  • the invention is a counterflow tank type calciner which is proposed to solve the above problems, and aims to further reduce the burning loss and improve the product quality on the basis of the advantages of the downstream tank furnace when the raw material cost and quality requirements are improved today. .
  • the volatile vertical channel connects the volatile concentration channel and the penultimate fire channel and the middle portion of the fire channel, and the volatile plate is placed at the entrance of the penultimate fire channel and the middle portion of the fire channel, at the bottom of the fire channel.
  • preheating air passage There is a preheating air passage below, and a preheating air pulling plate is arranged at the entrance of the preheating air passage, and the preheating air passage is connected with the rear wall of the bottommost fire passage, and the first layer fire passage is connected with the flue, below the tank There is a cooling water jacket.
  • the fire channel is 8 layers, and the middle part of the fire channel is the 5th floor.
  • Each of the fire lanes described is separated by a silicon brick.
  • the tank is a rectangular parallelepiped, two tanks are one row, four tanks are one set, and one row of tanks is distributed on each side of a row of tanks.
  • the preheated air passage inlet is located at the rear wall, and after being preheated, enters the bottom layer of the fire passage from the front wall.
  • the insulating bricks of the front wall and the rear wall are respectively silicon brick, refractory clay brick, light high alumina brick and red brick from the inside to the outside.
  • the material can be fully preheated when entering the tank, and the furnace calcination zone is prolonged while the flue gas temperature is lowered, thereby increasing the furnace capacity.
  • the counterflow and downstream tank furnace of the same size the former capacity is about 15-20% larger than the latter.
  • the flow of smoke is more in accordance with physical laws, and the pressure loss in the fire channel is less.
  • the heat of the material is obvious, which can increase the maximum calcination temperature, thereby improving the quality of the product.
  • the true density is generally above 2.08g/cm3.
  • Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the tank of the present invention.
  • Tank 2. Volatile concentrated channel; 3. Front wall volatile vertical channel; 4. Rear wall volatile vertical channel; 5. Fire channel; 6. Volatile pull plate; Pulling board; 8, flue; 9, main flue; 10, cooling water jacket; 11, silicon brick; 12, refractory clay brick layer; 13, lightweight high alumina brick layer; 14, red brick layer; Hot air passage.
  • the counterflow tank type calciner of the present invention comprises a tank 1, a fire channel 5, a front wall and a rear wall which are arranged on both sides of the tank, and a volatile concentration channel 2 is arranged above the tank 1 in the front wall.
  • a front wall volatile vertical channel 3 There is a front wall volatile vertical channel 3, a rear wall with a volatile wall vertical channel 4, a front wall volatile vertical channel 3 connected to the volatile concentration channel 2 and the lowest floor fireway 5, at the lowest level of the fireway 5 entrance
  • a volatile pull plate 6 at the rear, the volatile wall of the rear wall is connected to the volatile concentration channel 2 and the penultimate fire channel 5 and the middle portion of the fire channel 5, in the penultimate fire channel 5 and the middle portion of the fire channel
  • the inlet of 5 is provided with a volatile pulling plate 6, and a preheating air passage 15 is provided below the lowermost fire passage 5, and the preheating air passage 15 is provided with a preheating air pulling plate 7 at the entrance of the fire passage, preheating the air.
  • the passage 15 communicates with the lowermost fire passage 5 at the front wall, the first fire passage 5 communicates with the flue 8 , and the cooling water jacket 10 is disposed below the tank 1; the fire passage 5 of the embodiment is 8 layers, the middle portion of the fire passage It is the 5th floor; all the flue 8 is finally merged on the main flue 9.
  • the tank 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped, two tanks 1 are in one row, and four tanks 1 are in one row, one row A plurality of fire lanes 5 are distributed on each side of the tank 1.
  • the inlet of the preheating air passage 15 is located in the rear wall and is preheated to enter the bottom of the fire passage from the front wall.
  • the insulating bricks of the front wall and the rear wall are refractory clay bricks 12, light high-alumina bricks 13 and red bricks 14 from the inside to the outside, and the outer side of the tank is silicon bricks 1 1 , and the fire bricks of each layer are made of silicon bricks 1 1 Separated, this arrangement can extend the life of the furnace.
  • the volatile concentration passage is used to escape the volatile matter discharged from the material, and is a volatile connecting passage between the tank and the volatile vertical passage, and the volatile concentrated passage connects the upper portions of the two tanks in one row.
  • the volatile pull plate 6 is used to control and adjust the amount of volatiles entering different fire passages.
  • the preheating air passage 15 is used to preheat the combustion air, and the preheated air pulling plate 7 controls the air flow. This way both cools the material and preheats the combustion air.
  • the cooling water jacket is a steel structure heating pipe, and the cooling water jacket is provided with pressurized cooling circulating water, and the high temperature material is cooled after passing through the cooling water jacket.
  • the raw material entering the tank 1 is heated to escape volatiles, and the volatile matter enters the volatile vertical channel through the volatile concentration channel 2 in the upper part of the furnace, and controls the volatilization into the different fire passages by adjusting the position of the volatile pull plate 6 on the volatile vertical channel.
  • the volume controls the combustion condition in the fire channel to control the temperature in the fire channel; the preheated air enters the lowest fire channel 5 after heat exchange with the material; the flue gas enters the flue after being exchanged with the material; the material is calcined and then enters the cooling water
  • the sleeve is discharged through a timed discharge machine; the volatile vertical channel includes a front wall volatile vertical channel 3 and a rear wall volatile vertical channel 4.
  • the counterflow tank type calciner of the invention that is, the material moves from top to bottom under the action of gravity, and the flue gas moves from bottom to top under the action of the induced draft fan, and the two directions are opposite.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Silicon Compounds (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)

Abstract

提供一种逆流式煅烧炉，包括料罐（1）、设在料罐（1）两侧的火道（5）、前墙和后墙，料罐的上方设有挥发份集中通道（2），前墙内设有前墙挥发份竖道（3），后墙内设有后墙挥发份竖道（4），前墙挥发份竖道连通挥发份集中通道（2）和最底层火道，在最底层火道入口处设有挥发份拉板（6），后墙挥发份竖道连通挥发份集中通道和倒数第二层火道及中间部位火道，在倒数第二层火道和中间部位火道的入口处设有挥发份拉板（6），在最底层火道的下方设有预热空气通道，预热空气通道的入口处设有预热空气拉板（7），预热空气通道与最底层火道的后墙处连通，首层火道与烟道（8）连通，料罐下方设有冷却水套（10）。该煅烧炉能提高最高煅烧温度，从而提高产品质量。

Description

逆流罐式煅烧炉 技术领域
本发明涉及一种罐式煅烧炉， 尤其涉及一种炭素行业生产铝用阳 极、 阴极、 电极以及炭素石墨化材料的逆流罐式煅烧炉。
背景技术
随着现代炭素企业产能的不断增大， 特别是大型电解铝厂和电极 厂， 炭素产品的产能不断提高的同时， 对煅烧焦质量的要求也越来越 严格。 现在电解槽槽电流逐渐增大， 阳极电流密度增加， 自动化程度 逐渐提高， 因此对炭阳极的质量要求也逐渐提高。 煅烧是阳极产品的 头道工序， 煅烧焦的质量很大程度上决定了阳极的盾量。 目前市场上 常用的煅烧设备为回转窑和顺流罐式炉， 但最近两年， 原料成本大大 提升， 顺流罐式炉由于煅烧质量高， 烧损小等特点逐渐占据主导市场。 但能耗比较大， 因此发明一种更降耗增效的煅烧设备是势在必行的趋 势。
发明内容
本发明是为了解决上述问题而提出的一种逆流罐式煅烧炉， 目的 是在当今原料成本和质量要求都提升的时候， 在顺流罐式炉优势的基 础上进一步降低烧损、 提高产品质量。
实现上述目的的本发明逆流罐式煅烧炉， 包括料罐、 设在料罐两 侧的火道、 前墙和后墙， 料罐的上方设有挥发份集中通道， 前墙内设 有前墙挥发份竖道， 后墙内设有后墙挥发份竖道， 前墙挥发份竖道连 通挥发份集中通道和最底层火道， 在最底层火道入口处设有挥发份拉 板， 后墙挥发份竖道连通挥发份集中通道和倒数第二层火道及中间部 位火道， 在倒数第二层火道和中间部位火道的入口处设有挥发份拉板， 在最底层火道的下方设有预热空气通道， 预热空气通道的入口处设有 预热空气拉板， 预热空气通道与最底层火道的后墙处连通， 首层火道 与烟道连通， 料罐下方设有冷却水套。
所述的火道为 8层， 中间部位火道为第 5层。
所述的每层火道用硅砖隔开。
所述的料罐为长方体， 两个料罐为一排， 四个料罐为一组， 一排 料罐的两边各分布一组火道。 所述的预热空气通道入口设在后墙， 经预热后从前墙进入火道最 底层。
所述的前墙和后墙的保温砖从里至外分别为硅砖、 耐火粘土砖、 轻质高铝砖和红砖。
本发明的优点效果： 本发明由于烟气和物料的运动方向相反， 物 料在进入料罐的时候能进行充分的预热， 在降低排烟温度的同时延长 了炉子煅烧带， 增大了炉子产能， 同样尺寸的逆流和顺流罐式炉， 前 者产能比后者约大 15-20%。 烟气流动更遵循物理规律， 火道内压力损 失较小。 同时物料受热规律明显， 能提高最高煅烧温度， 从而提高产 品质量， 真密度一般达 2.08g/cm3以上。
附图说明
图 1是本发明火道部分剖面图。
图 2是本发明料罐部分剖面图。
图中： 1、 料罐； 2、 挥发份集中通道； 3、 前墙挥发份竖道； 4、 后墙挥发份竖道； 5、 火道； 6、 挥发份拉板； 7、 预热空气拉板； 8、 烟道； 9、 主烟道； 10、 冷却水套； 11、 硅砖； 12、 耐火粘土砖层； 13、 轻质高铝砖层； 14、 红砖层； 15、 预热空气通道。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步详细描述， 但本发明的保护范 围不受实施例所限。
如图所示本发明逆流罐式煅烧炉， 包括料罐 1、设在料罐两侧的火 道 5、 前墙和后墙， 料罐 1的上方设有挥发份集中通道 2 , 前墙内设有 前墙挥发份竖道 3 , 后墙内设有后墙挥发份竖道 4， 前墙挥发份竖道 3 连通挥发份集中通道 2和最底层火道 5 ,在最底层火道 5入口处设有挥 发份拉板 6，后墙挥发份竖道 4连通挥发份集中通道 2和倒数第二层火 道 5及中间部位火道 5，在倒数第二层火道 5和中间部位火道 5的入口 处设有挥发份拉板 6， 在最底层火道 5的下方设有预热空气通道 15， 预热空气通道 15进入火道入口处设有预热空气拉板 7, 预热空气通道 15与最底层火道 5于前墙处连通， 首层火道 5与烟道 8连通， 料罐 1 下方设有冷却水套 10; 本实施例火道 5为 8层， 中间部位火道为第 5 层； 所有的烟道 8最后汇合在主烟道 9上。
料罐 1为长方体， 两个料罐 1为一排， 四个料罐 1为一组， 一排 料罐 1的两边各分布一组火道 5。
预热空气通道 15的入口设在后墙内， 经预热后从前墙进入火道最 底层。
前墙和后墙的保温砖从里至外分别为耐火粘土砖 12、 轻质高铝砖 13和红砖 14， 料罐的外侧为硅砖 1 1 , 每层火道 5用硅砖 1 1隔开， 这 样的布置能延长炉体使用寿命。
挥发份集中通道用来逸出物料排出的挥发份的， 是料罐与挥发份 竖道之间的挥发份连接通道， 挥发份集中通道将一排中的两料罐上部 空间连通。
挥发份拉板 6用于控制和调整进入不同火道的挥发份量。
预热空气通道 15用来预热助燃空气， 用预热空气拉板 7控制空气 流量。 这种方式既冷却了物料， 又预热了助燃空气。
所述的冷却水套为钢结构伴热管， 冷却水套内通入加压冷却循环 水， 高温物料经过冷却水套后得以降温。
进入料罐 1 的原料受热后逸出挥发份， 挥发份经炉上部的挥发份 集中通道 2进入挥发份竖道， 通过调节挥发份竖道上的挥发份拉板 6 位置控制进入不同火道中的挥发份量， 控制火道内燃烧状况， 从而控 制火道内温度； 预热空气经与物料换热后， 进入最底层火道 5; 烟气经 与物料换热后进入烟道； 物料经煅烧后进入冷却水套后通过定时排料 机排出； 挥发份竖道包括前墙挥发份竖道 3和后墙挥发份竖道 4。
本发明逆流罐式煅烧炉， 即物料是在重力作用下自上至下运动， 而烟气在引风机作用下由下至上运动， 两者方向相反。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 逆流罐式煅烧炉， 包括料罐、 设在料罐两侧的火道、 前墙和后 墙， 其特征在于料罐的上方设有挥发份集中通道， 前墙内设有前墙挥 发份竖道， 后墙内设有后墙挥发份竖道， 前墙挥发份竖道连通挥发份 集中通道和最底层火道， 在最底层火道入口处设有挥发份拉板， 后墙 挥发份竖道连通挥发份集中通道和倒数第二层火道及中间部位火道， 在倒数第二层火道和中间部位火道的入口处设有挥发份拉板， 在最底 层火道的下方设有预热空气通道， 预热空气通道的入口处设有预热空 气拉板， 预热空气通道与最底层火道的后墙处连通， 首层火道与烟道 连通， 料罐下方设有冷却水套。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的逆流罐式煅烧炉， 其特征在于所述的火 道为 8层， 中间部位火道为第 5层。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的逆流罐式煅烧炉， 其特征在于所述的每 层火道用硅砖隔开。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的逆流罐式煅烧炉， 其特征在于所述的料 罐为长方体， 两个料罐为一排， 四个料罐为一组， 一排料罐的两边各 分布一组火道。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的逆流罐式煅烧炉， 其特征在于所述的预 热空气通道的入口设在后墙内。
6. 根据权利要求 1所述的逆流罐式煅烧炉， 其特征在于所述的前 墙和后墙的保温砖从里至外分别为硅砖、 耐火粘土砖、 轻质高铝砖和 红砖。
PCT/CN2012/001478 2011-11-01 2012-10-31 逆流罐式煅烧炉 WO2013063867A1 (zh)

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CN201110339113.0A CN103086348B (zh) 2011-11-01 2011-11-01 逆流罐式煅烧炉

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CN202609945U (zh) * 2012-05-31 2012-12-19 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 大型顺流罐式煅烧炉
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CN104930868A (zh) * 2014-03-18 2015-09-23 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 罐式炉火道负压自动控制系统及方法
CN104930850B (zh) * 2014-03-18 2017-11-07 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 一种挥发份通道
CN107238289B (zh) * 2016-03-29 2019-04-09 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 一种焙烧炉焙烧控制方法
CN107238295A (zh) * 2016-03-29 2017-10-10 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 一种焙烧炉及焙烧方法
CN109489418B (zh) * 2018-11-21 2019-11-26 海南泰德石油化工有限公司 降低碳损的罐式煅烧炉
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