WO2013046658A1 - Appareil de commutation et système d'accumulation de courant - Google Patents

Appareil de commutation et système d'accumulation de courant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013046658A1
WO2013046658A1 PCT/JP2012/006137 JP2012006137W WO2013046658A1 WO 2013046658 A1 WO2013046658 A1 WO 2013046658A1 JP 2012006137 W JP2012006137 W JP 2012006137W WO 2013046658 A1 WO2013046658 A1 WO 2013046658A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switching
power
control unit
unit
switches
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2012/006137
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
一男 石本
中島　武
博道 浪越
次郎 川西
Original Assignee
三洋電機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2011216603A external-priority patent/JP2014239562A/ja
Priority claimed from JP2011216597A external-priority patent/JP2014239561A/ja
Application filed by 三洋電機株式会社 filed Critical 三洋電機株式会社
Publication of WO2013046658A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013046658A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0024—Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a switching device that switches an output destination of electric power generated by a solar cell or the like, and a power storage system using the switching device.
  • the voltage and current suitable for supplying to the inverter are different from the voltage and current suitable for supplying to the storage battery.
  • the former has a higher voltage and lower current relationship than the latter.
  • a technique is used in which a DC-DC converter is inserted between the solar cell and the storage battery to lower the output voltage of the solar cell.
  • the present inventor has found a technique for adjusting the voltage and current of the generated power with a simple configuration without using a DC-DC converter.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and a first object thereof is a technology capable of adjusting a voltage and a current according to an output destination with a simple configuration in a system in which the output destination of generated power is switched. Is to provide.
  • a switching device for switching whether the generated power is output to the power conditioner or the storage battery is required. If a problem occurs in this switching device, the generated power cannot be used, or unexpected voltage and current are supplied to the power conditioner and the charge / discharge circuit of the storage battery. Therefore, it is necessary for the switching device to prevent the occurrence of problems as compared with other members.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a second object of the present invention is to provide a technique for further improving the reliability of the switching device for switching the output destination of the generated power.
  • the switching device integrates a plurality of output systems of a plurality of DC power sources for generating power into a single output system so that the plurality of DC power sources are connected in series, and connects them to the power conditioner. And a switching unit for switching whether to connect to a storage battery by integrating into a single output system so that a plurality of DC power supplies are connected in parallel, and a control unit for controlling the switching unit.
  • the switching unit includes a plurality of connection destination switching relays corresponding to a plurality of output systems, and a state detection relay for detecting the connection state of the plurality of connection destination switching relays.
  • Each of the plurality of relays for switching the connection destination includes a contact for connecting to the power conditioner and a contact for connecting to the storage battery.
  • the relay for state detection includes a contact for supplying a first fixed voltage to the control unit and a contact for supplying a second fixed voltage to the control unit.
  • the plurality of relays for switching the connection destination and the relay for detecting the state are driven by a common coil.
  • the control unit detects the connection state depending on whether the first fixed voltage or the second fixed voltage is received.
  • the switching device integrates a plurality of output systems of a plurality of DC power sources that generate power into a single output system so that the plurality of DC power sources are connected in series, and connects them to the power conditioner.
  • a switching unit that switches whether to connect to a storage battery by integrating into a single output system so that a plurality of DC power supplies are connected in parallel, a plurality of switches that are respectively inserted into a plurality of output systems of a plurality of DC power supplies,
  • a temperature detection unit configured to detect temperatures of the plurality of switches; and a control unit configured to control the switching unit and the plurality of switches.
  • the control unit switches the connection destination of the switching unit when the plurality of switches are off, and the control unit stops switching the connection destination of the switching unit when the temperatures of the plurality of switches are abnormal.
  • the voltage and current according to the output destination can be adjusted with a simple configuration.
  • the reliability of the switching apparatus for switching the output destination of the electric power generated can be improved more.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a power storage system 500 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a system in which a photovoltaic power generation system and a power storage system 500 are linked is assumed.
  • the solar power generation system and the power storage system 500 may be integrated from the beginning, or the power storage system 500 may be added to the existing solar power generation system afterwards. May be.
  • the photovoltaic power generation system includes a plurality of solar cell modules 201, 202, 203, a power conditioner 210, and a bidirectional AC-DC converter 220.
  • the power storage system 500 includes a series / parallel switching device 100, a storage battery 110, a charge / discharge circuit 120, and a storage battery management unit 130. In this embodiment, an example in which three solar cell modules 201, 202, and 203 are used will be described.
  • the plurality of output systems of the plurality of solar cell modules are integrated by the series / parallel switching device 100.
  • the power conditioner 210 converts the DC power generated by the plurality of solar cell modules 201, 202, and 203 into AC power and adjusts it to a voltage that can be used in various facilities or homes.
  • the AC power converted and adjusted by the power conditioner 210 is consumed by loads 400 in various facilities or homes, or sold to a power company through the system 300.
  • the bidirectional AC-DC converter 220 converts AC power supplied from the system 300 into DC power and supplies it to the charge / discharge circuit 120. Further, the DC power supplied from the charge / discharge circuit 120 is converted into AC power and supplied to the load 400 or the system 300. Many electric power companies adopt a system that prohibits the supply of electric power stored in the storage battery 110 to the system 300. In this case, power is not supplied from the bidirectional AC-DC converter 220 to the system 300.
  • a distribution board is actually provided between the system 300, the power conditioner 210, the bidirectional AC-DC converter 220, and the load 400, but is omitted to simplify the drawing. .
  • the storage battery 110 a lithium ion battery, a nickel metal hydride battery, a lead battery, or the like is employed. In this embodiment, an example in which a lithium ion battery is employed will be described. In practice, a plurality of storage battery units are provided, but in the present embodiment, the plurality of storage battery units are collectively referred to simply as storage battery 110.
  • the charging / discharging circuit 120 includes various switches, and controls charging / discharging of the storage battery 110 according to instructions from the storage battery management unit 130. More specifically, when charging, whether the bidirectional AC-DC converter 220 or the series-parallel switching device 100 is connected to the storage battery 110 is selected. In addition, when discharging, it is selected whether to connect the bidirectional AC-DC converter 220 to the storage battery 110 or to the power supply path to a load (mainly DC load) (not shown) that uses the storage battery 110 as a dedicated power source. To do.
  • a load mainly DC load
  • the charging / discharging circuit 120 manages the charging voltage and charging current, or the discharging voltage and discharging current according to the instruction from the storage battery management unit 130.
  • the charging / discharging circuit 120 manages the charging voltage and charging current, or the discharging voltage and discharging current according to the instruction from the storage battery management unit 130.
  • voltage management is not necessary.
  • the storage battery management unit 130 manages the entire power storage system 500. First, the storage battery management unit 130 manages the state of the storage battery 110 such as SOC (State Of Of Charge) and temperature. Further, the storage battery management unit 130 causes the charge / discharge circuit 120 to execute charge / discharge control due to a user operation. In that case, it instruct
  • SOC State Of Of Charge
  • the series / parallel switching device 100 supplies power generated by the plurality of solar cell modules 201, 202, and 203 to the power conditioner 210 according to an instruction from the storage battery management unit 130, or stores the storage battery via the charge / discharge circuit 120. 110 is switched to supply. More specific description will be given below.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the series-parallel switching device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the series-parallel switching apparatus 100 mainly includes a plurality of switches 11, 12, 13, a series-parallel switching unit 20, a control unit 30, a plurality of temperature detection units 41, 42, 43, a voltage monitoring unit 50, a temperature monitoring unit 60, and An AND circuit 70 is provided.
  • each output system of the solar cell modules 201, 202, and 203 is formed by two wires of a plus wire and a minus wire. In FIG. 2, only the plus wire is drawn in order to simplify the drawing. That is, the negative potential of the solar cell modules 201, 202, and 203 is not actually fixed, but in FIG. 2, it is assumed that it is fixed to the ground.
  • a series circuit of a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2 is connected between an input terminal to which a wiring from the solar cell module 201 is connected and a ground (actually a minus wiring; hereinafter omitted).
  • a parallel circuit of the first light emitting diode D1 and the second light emitting diode D2 is connected between the node of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 and the ground.
  • the node voltage is output to the voltage monitoring unit 50 through a photocoupler (not shown).
  • the first light emitting diode D1 and the second light emitting diode D2 are connected in opposite directions.
  • the cathode of the first light emitting diode D1 is connected to the node, and the anode is connected to the ground.
  • the anode of the second light emitting diode D2 is connected to the node, and the cathode is connected to the ground.
  • different colors of light emitting diodes are used for the first light emitting diode D1 and the second light emitting diode D2.
  • a red light emitting diode is used for the first light emitting diode D1
  • a green light emitting diode is used for the second light emitting diode D2.
  • the green light emitting diode emits light when a current flows from the node to the ground
  • the red light emitting diode emits light when a current flows from the ground to the node.
  • the user can confirm the presence / absence of power generation of the solar cell module 201 and the polarity of the wiring connected to the input terminal by visually checking the light emission state of the first light emitting diode D1 and the second light emitting diode D2.
  • a series circuit of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 is connected between the input terminal to which the wiring from the solar cell module 202 is connected and the ground.
  • a parallel circuit of the third light emitting diode D3 and the fourth light emitting diode D4 is connected between the node of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 and the ground.
  • the node voltage is output to the voltage monitoring unit 50 through a photocoupler (not shown).
  • a series circuit of a fifth resistor R5 and a sixth resistor R6 is connected between the input terminal to which the wiring from the solar cell module 203 is connected and the ground.
  • a parallel circuit of the fifth light emitting diode D5 and the sixth light emitting diode D6 is connected between the node of the fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 and the ground.
  • the node voltage is output to the voltage monitoring unit 50 through a photocoupler (not shown).
  • the plurality of switches 11, 12, and 13 are inserted into the plurality of output systems of the plurality of solar cell modules 201, 202, and 203, respectively.
  • the plurality of switches 11, 12, and 13 are provided in front of the series / parallel switching unit 20 in order to protect the series / parallel switching unit 20.
  • a power MOSFET Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor-Field-Effect-Transistor
  • An IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
  • GaN transistor GaN transistor
  • SiC transistor SiC transistor
  • the plurality of temperature detection units 41, 42, 43 detect the temperature of each of the plurality of switches 11, 12, 13. Each detection result is output to the temperature monitoring unit 60 and the AND circuit 70 through a photocoupler (not shown).
  • a thermostat is used for the temperature detection units 41, 42, and 43.
  • the detection terminal of the thermostat is connected to the power MOSFET, and the output terminal of the thermostat is connected to the temperature monitoring unit 60 and the AND circuit 70 via a photocoupler (not shown).
  • the thermostat outputs a high level signal when the temperature of the power MOSFET is normal, and outputs a low level signal when it is abnormal. That is, the thermostat outputs an active low signal.
  • the series / parallel switching unit 20 integrates a plurality of output systems of the plurality of solar cell modules 201, 202, and 203 into a single output system, and connects the plurality of solar cell modules 201, 202, and 203 to the power conditioner 210. Switching to the storage battery 110 via the charge / discharge circuit 120.
  • the series-parallel switching unit 20 integrates a plurality of output systems so that the plurality of solar cell modules 201, 202, 203 are connected in series, and is connected to the storage battery 110 via the charge / discharge circuit 120.
  • a plurality of output systems are integrated so that a plurality of solar cell modules 201, 202, 203 are connected in parallel.
  • a detailed configuration example of the series-parallel switching unit 20 will be described later.
  • the voltage monitoring unit 50 receives the above-described plurality of node voltages, and outputs a signal indicating abnormality to the control unit 30 when there is any abnormality, and outputs a signal indicating normality to the control unit 30 when all are normal. To do.
  • the temperature monitoring unit 60 receives signals from the plurality of temperature detection units 41, 42, and 43, and outputs a signal indicating abnormality to the control unit 30 when there is any abnormality. If all are normal, normal Is output to the control unit 30.
  • the control unit 30 controls the plurality of switches 11, 12, 13 and the series / parallel switching unit 20.
  • the control unit 30 is configured by a microcomputer. More specific description will be given below.
  • the control unit 30 outputs a control signal for controlling on / off of the plurality of switches 11, 12, 13 (the gates of the power MOSFETs in this embodiment) to the AND circuit 70 via a photocoupler (not shown).
  • the control unit 30 since an n-channel power MOSFET is used, the control unit 30 outputs a high level signal when turning on the plurality of switches 11, 12, and 13, and outputs a low level signal when turning off.
  • the control unit 30 switches the connection destination of the series / parallel switching unit 20 when the plurality of switches 11, 12, and 13 are turned off.
  • the control unit 30 turns on the plurality of switches 11, 12, and 13 after detecting that the switching of the connection destination of the series / parallel switching unit 20 has been completed normally.
  • the control unit 30 stops or stops the switching of the connection destination of the series / parallel switching unit 20 when the temperatures of the plurality of switches 11, 12, and 13 are abnormal. Other operations of the control unit 30 will be described later.
  • the AND circuit 70 receives signals from the plurality of temperature detection units 41, 42, and 43 and a signal from the control unit 30.
  • the output signal of the AND circuit 70 is input to the plurality of switches 11, 12, 13 (the gate of the power MOSFET in this embodiment) and the control unit 30 through a photocoupler (not shown).
  • the signals from the plurality of temperature detection units 41, 42, and 43 are all high level signals.
  • the output signal of the AND circuit 70 is determined by a signal from the control unit 30. That is, the signal from the control unit 30 is output as it is.
  • the signal from the control unit 30 is a high level signal
  • all of the plurality of switches 11, 12, 13 are turned on.
  • the signal from the control unit 30 is a low level signal, all of the plurality of switches 11, 12, 13 are off. To do.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the series-parallel switching unit 20.
  • the series-parallel switching unit 20 includes a plurality of connection destination switching relays respectively corresponding to a plurality of output systems and a state detection relay for detecting the connection state of the plurality of connection destination switching relays.
  • These relays are switching contact (C contact) type mechanical relays. That is, each relay has two contacts.
  • the first contact point of the relay for switching the connection destination is a contact point for connecting to the power conditioner 210.
  • the second contact of the relay for switching the connection destination is a contact for connecting to the storage battery 110 via the charge / discharge circuit 120.
  • the first contact of the state detection relay is a contact for supplying a first fixed voltage (power supply voltage VDD in the present embodiment) to the control unit 30.
  • the second contact of the state detection relay is a contact for supplying a second fixed voltage (ground voltage GND in the present embodiment) to the control unit 30.
  • the plurality of connection destination switching relays and state detection relays are driven by at least one common coil. In the present embodiment, the first contact is closed and the second contact is opened when the coil is not energized, and the first contact is opened and the second contact is closed when the coil is energized.
  • both positive wiring and negative wiring of each output system of the solar cell modules 201, 202, and 203 are drawn.
  • the positive output of the solar cell module 201 is PV1 +
  • the negative output is PV1-
  • the positive output of the solar cell module 202 is PV2 +
  • the negative output is PV2-
  • the positive output of the solar cell module 203 Is output as PV3 +, and the output on the negative side is expressed as PV3-.
  • the third relay contact RC1 + is a contact for switching the output on the positive side of the solar cell module 201.
  • the fourth relay contact RCs1 is a contact for notifying the control unit 30 of the state of the first relay unit RL1 via a photocoupler (not shown).
  • the first coil L1 determines the connection state of the first relay contact RC1-, the second relay contact RC2 +, the third relay contact RC1 +, and the fourth relay contact RCs1 according to a signal from the control unit 30.
  • the first contact (upper contact in FIG. 3) is closed when no current flows through the first coil L1, and the second contact (lower contact in FIG. 3) is closed while current is flowing. .
  • the second relay unit RL2 includes a fifth relay contact RC2-, a sixth relay contact RC3 +, a seventh relay contact RC3-, an eighth relay contact RCs2, and a second coil L2.
  • the fifth relay contact RC2- is a contact for switching the output on the negative side of the solar cell module 202.
  • the sixth relay contact RC3 + is a contact for switching the output on the positive side of the solar cell module 203.
  • the seventh relay contact RC3- is a contact for switching the output on the negative side of the solar cell module 203.
  • the eighth relay contact RCs2 is a contact for notifying the control unit 30 of the state of the second relay unit RL2 via a photocoupler (not shown).
  • the second coil L2 determines the connection state of the fifth relay contact RC2-, the sixth relay contact RC3 +, the seventh relay contact RC3-, and the eighth relay contact RCs2 in accordance with a signal from the control unit 30.
  • the first contact (upper contact in FIG. 3) is closed when no current flows through the second coil L2, and the second contact (lower contact in FIG. 3) is closed while current is flowing. .
  • the first contact of the third relay contact RC1 + is connected to the plus side input terminal of the power conditioner 210.
  • the first contact of the first relay contact RC1- and the first contact of the second relay contact RC2 + are connected.
  • the first contact of the fifth relay contact RC2- and the first contact of the sixth relay contact RC3 + are connected.
  • the first contact of the seventh relay contact RC3- is connected to the negative side input terminal of the power conditioner 210.
  • the second contact of the third relay contact RC1 +, the second contact of the second relay contact RC2 +, and the second contact of the sixth relay contact RC3 + are coupled and connected to the plus side input terminal of the charge / discharge circuit 120.
  • the second contact of the first relay contact RC1-, the second contact of the fifth relay contact RC2-, and the second contact of the seventh relay contact RC3- are combined and connected to the negative input terminal of the charge / discharge circuit 120.
  • the high potential side terminal of the first coil L1 is connected to the power source, the high potential side terminal of the second coil L2, the cathode terminal of the seventh diode D7, and the cathode terminal of the eighth diode D8.
  • the low potential side terminal of the first coil L1 is connected to the drive switch SWd, the low potential side terminal of the second coil L2, the anode terminal of the seventh diode D7, and the anode terminal of the eighth diode D8.
  • the seventh diode D7 and the eighth diode D8 are elements for causing the power source to absorb the back electromotive force generated by the first coil L1 and the second coil L2 when the relay is turned on / off.
  • the drive switch SWd is connected between the low potential side terminals of the first coil L1 and the second coil L2 and the ground.
  • the drive switch SWd is ON / OFF controlled by a control signal input from the control unit 30 via a photocoupler (not shown).
  • a control signal input from the control unit 30 via a photocoupler (not shown).
  • the drive switch SWd When the drive switch SWd is turned on, current flows through the first coil L1 and the second coil L2, and the electric power generated by the plurality of solar cell modules 201, 202, 203 is supplied to the storage battery 110 via the charge / discharge circuit 120.
  • the drive switch SWd is turned off, no current flows through the first coil L1 and the second coil L2, and the electric power generated by the plurality of solar cell modules 201, 202, 203 is supplied to the power conditioner 210.
  • the plurality of solar cell modules 201, 202, 203 are connected in series. In the latter case, the plurality of solar cell modules 201, 202, and 203 are connected in parallel.
  • series connection the voltage is added and the current does not change.
  • parallel connection current is added and the voltage does not change. For example, when the output voltage of each solar cell module is 150 V and the output current is 7 A, the output voltage is 450 V and the output current is 7 A when connected in series. In the case of parallel connection, the output voltage is 150V and the output current is 21A.
  • a series connection is desirable because a high voltage is desirable.
  • control unit 30 controls the series-parallel switching unit 20 by controlling the current flowing through the first coil L1 and the second coil L2.
  • the example in which the plurality of relays are divided into the two modules of the first relay unit RL1 and the second relay unit RL2 has been described, but may be configured by one module or three or more. You may comprise by the module of.
  • the user visually checks the lighting states of the first light emitting diode D1 to the sixth light emitting diode D6 before turning on the power of the series / parallel switching device 100, and whether or not the solar cell modules 201, 202, and 203 generate power, and the input terminal Check the polarity of the wiring connected to.
  • the first light-emitting diode D1, the third light-emitting diode D3, or the fifth light-emitting diode D5 emits light
  • the positive wiring and the negative wiring are connected in reverse in the output system, so the user connects the wiring. Try again.
  • the user turns on the power of the series-parallel switching device 100.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining an operation sequence when starting up the series-parallel switching device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the voltage monitoring unit 50 monitors each node voltage obtained by resistance division from each of a plurality of input terminals to which wirings from the plurality of solar cell modules 201, 202, 203 are connected, and the solar cell modules 201, 202, The output of 203 is detected (S10).
  • the voltage monitoring unit 50 outputs a signal indicating abnormality to the control unit 30 when any one of the above-described node voltages is abnormal, and outputs a signal indicating normality to the control unit 30 when all are normal. To do.
  • the control unit 30 determines whether or not the signal from the voltage monitoring unit 50 is a signal indicating normality (S11). If not normal (N in S11), the user is notified of an abnormality in the output power of the solar cell modules 201, 202, 203 (S23). If normal (Y of S11), the process proceeds to step S12.
  • the temperature monitoring unit 60 receives signals from thermostats connected to a plurality of power MOSFETs, and outputs a signal indicating an abnormality to the control unit 30 when any one of the signals indicates an abnormally high temperature. If it is a signal indicating normal temperature, a signal indicating normal is output to the controller 30 (S12).
  • the outputs of the plurality of thermostats are input to the AND circuit 70, and the power MOSFET can be switched by hardware by controlling the gate of the power MOSFET with the output signal of the AND circuit 70. That is, the power MOSFET can be turned off without an instruction from the control unit 30 when the temperature of the power MOSFET becomes an abnormally high temperature.
  • the safety of the power MOSFET can be further enhanced by using the protection by hardware processing and the protection by software processing together.
  • the control unit 30 determines whether or not the signal from the temperature monitoring unit 60 is a signal indicating normality (S13). If not normal (N in S13), the user is notified of the abnormality of the power MOSFET (S23). When normal (Y in S13), the control unit 30 outputs the control signal of the power MOSFET to the AND circuit 70 and detects the output signal of the AND circuit 70 (S14).
  • the control unit 30 determines whether or not the output signal of the AND circuit 70 is normal (S15). If the logical levels of the control signal and the output signal of the AND circuit 70 match and the signals from the voltage monitoring unit 50 and the temperature monitoring unit 60 are consistent, it is determined as normal. If not normal (N in S15), the user is notified of an abnormality in the control signal line (S23). If normal (Y in S15), the process proceeds to step S16.
  • the control unit 30 receives a signal from the state detection relay of the series / parallel switching unit 20 and detects a connection state of a plurality of connection destination switching relays (S16).
  • a high level signal indicates a state in which a plurality of connection destination switching relays are connected in series
  • a low level signal indicates a state in which a plurality of connection destination switching relays are connected in parallel.
  • the control unit 30 sets a plurality of relays for switching connection destinations to an initial state by controlling whether or not current is passed through the relay coil of the series / parallel switching unit 20 (S17).
  • a state in which the first contact is closed and a plurality of connection destination switching relays are connected in series is defined as an initial state. Therefore, the control unit 30 performs control so that the relay coil is not energized.
  • control unit 30 receives a signal from the state detection relay of the series / parallel switching unit 20 and detects the connection state of a plurality of connection destination switching relays (S18).
  • the control unit 30 determines whether or not the signal from the state detection relay of the series / parallel switching unit 20 is normal (S19). If the instructed connection state matches the actually detected connection state, it is determined as normal. If not normal (N in S19), the user is notified of an abnormality in the series-parallel switching unit 20 (including its control signal line) (S23). If normal (Y in S19), the process proceeds to step S20.
  • the control unit 30 outputs a high level signal as a control signal for the power MOSFET to the AND circuit 70, and turns on the power MOSFET (S20). Thereby, electric power is supplied from the solar cell modules 201, 202, 203 to the series / parallel switching unit 20.
  • the control unit 30 detects the output signal of the AND circuit 70 (S21). Thereby, it can be confirmed whether or not the power MOSFET is turned on.
  • the control unit 30 determines whether or not the output signal of the AND circuit 70 is normal (S22). If not normal (N in S22), the user is notified of an abnormality in the control signal line (S23). When it is normal (Y in S22), it shifts to a standby state waiting for a switching signal from the storage battery management unit 130. By executing the above operation sequence, the series-parallel switching device 100 can be started up safely.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an operation sequence of the power MOSFET and the relay.
  • the timing waveform of the power MOSFET indicates an on / off signal, where a high level indicates on and a low level indicates off.
  • the timing waveform of the relay indicates a state detection signal, a high level indicates a serial connection state, and a low level indicates a parallel connection state. The connection state is switched at the rising edge and the falling edge.
  • the control unit 30 confirms that the output signal of the AND circuit 70 is normal, and turns off the power MOSFET. Then, the control part 30 switches the connection state of a relay. Thereafter, the control unit 30 confirms that the signal from the state detection relay is normal, and turns on the power MOSFET. Thus, by switching the relay in a state where the power MOSFET is turned off and the power is cut off, the relay contact can be prevented from sticking and safe switching can be performed.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining an operation sequence at the time of series-parallel switching of the series-parallel switching apparatus 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the control unit 30 receives a switching instruction from the storage battery management unit 130 (Y in S30)
  • the control unit 30 receives a signal from the state detection relay of the series / parallel switching unit 20, and a plurality of connection destination switching relays. Is detected (S31).
  • the control unit 30 compares the instructed connection state with the detected connection state (S32). If the two match, the relay switching is not necessary and the switching process ends (N in S32). If they do not match, the switching process continues (Y in S32).
  • the control unit 30 outputs a low level signal as a power MOSFET control signal to the AND circuit 70 to turn off the power MOSFET (S33). Thereby, the power supply from the solar cell modules 201, 202, 203 to the series-parallel switching unit 20 is cut off.
  • the control unit 30 detects the output signal of the AND circuit 70 (S34). Thereby, it can be confirmed whether or not the power MOSFET is turned off.
  • the control unit 30 determines whether or not the output signal of the AND circuit 70 is normal (S35). If not normal (N in S35), the user is notified of an abnormality in the control signal line (S44). If normal (Y in S35), the process proceeds to step S36.
  • the voltage monitoring unit 50 monitors each node voltage obtained by resistance division from each of a plurality of input terminals to which wirings from the plurality of solar cell modules 201, 202, 203 are connected, and the solar cell modules 201, 202, The output of 203 is detected (S36).
  • the voltage monitoring unit 50 outputs a signal indicating abnormality to the control unit 30 when any one of the above-described node voltages is abnormal, and outputs a signal indicating normality to the control unit 30 when all are normal. To do.
  • the control unit 30 determines whether or not the signal from the voltage monitoring unit 50 is a signal indicating normality (S37). If not normal (N in S37), the user is notified of an abnormality in the output power of the solar cell modules 201, 202, 203 (S44). If normal (Y in S37), the process proceeds to step S38.
  • the temperature monitoring unit 60 receives signals from thermostats connected to a plurality of power MOSFETs, and outputs a signal indicating an abnormality to the control unit 30 when any one of the signals indicates an abnormally high temperature. If the signal indicates a normal temperature, a signal indicating normal is output to the control unit 30 (S38).
  • the control unit 30 determines whether or not the signal from the temperature monitoring unit 60 is a signal indicating normality (S39). If not normal (N in S39), the user is notified of power MOSFET abnormality (S44). When normal (Y in S39), the control unit 30 switches the relay connection state by controlling the energization state of the relay coil of the series-parallel switching unit 20 (S40).
  • the control unit 30 receives a signal from the state detection relay of the series / parallel switching unit 20 and detects the connection state of a plurality of connection destination switching relays (S41). The control unit 30 determines whether or not the signal is normal (S42). If not normal (N in S42), the user is notified of an abnormality in the series-parallel switching unit 20 (including its control signal line) (S44). If normal (Y in S42), the control unit 30 outputs a high level signal as a control signal for the power MOSFET to the AND circuit 70, and turns on the power MOSFET (S43). Thereby, the power supply from the solar cell modules 201, 202, 203 to the series-parallel switching unit 20 is resumed.
  • control unit 30 detects the output signal of the AND circuit 70 and confirms whether or not the power MOSFET is turned on, as in step S34. And it transfers to the standby state which waits for the switching signal from the storage battery management part 130.
  • FIG. By executing the above operation sequence, the series-parallel switching of the series-parallel switching device 100 can be executed safely.
  • a plurality of solar cell modules 201, 202, and 203 are connected in series in a system in which output destinations of power generated by the plurality of solar cell modules 201, 202, and 203 are switched.
  • the serial / parallel switching device 100 that can switch between parallel connection and voltage, the voltage and current according to the output destination can be adjusted with a simple configuration.
  • This series-parallel switching device 100 also functions as a junction box of the photovoltaic power generation system, and can suppress an increase in circuit scale of the photovoltaic power generation system.
  • a configuration in which a DC-DC converter is not provided between the plurality of solar cell modules 201, 202, 203 and the storage battery 110 is possible. In this case, the power storage system 500 can be simplified and reduced in cost.
  • the series / parallel switching unit 20 By configuring the series / parallel switching unit 20 using a switching contact type mechanical relay, the number of switching elements can be minimized. Further, by sharing the coil among the plurality of relays, the circuit scale can be simplified and the cost can be reduced. Further, by providing a relay for detecting a state, the state of the relay for switching the connection destination can be directly detected, and a highly accurate state detection is possible.
  • the reliability of the series / parallel switching device 100 can be further improved. Specifically, safer switching is possible by performing the series-parallel switching of the series-parallel switching unit 20 in a state where the plurality of switches 11, 12, 13 are turned off and the power is cut off. Moreover, the voltage of the input terminal to which the wiring of the plurality of solar cell modules 201, 202, 203 is connected and the temperature of the power MOSFET are monitored, and if abnormal, the safety is improved by not turning on the power MOSFET. Can do. Further, by inserting and isolating photocouplers into various signal input / output lines of the control unit 30, the safety of the control unit 30, the power MOSFET, and the series / parallel switching unit 20 can be further improved.
  • a plurality of solar cell modules are used as a plurality of DC power sources that generate power based on natural energy.
  • a plurality of wind power generators may be used as the plurality of DC power sources.
  • it is not necessarily limited to a plurality of power sources that generate power based on natural energy, and a plurality of power sources that generate power based on fossil fuels may be used.
  • control unit 30 may adjust the output voltage or output current of the series / parallel switching unit 20 by adjusting the number of turning on the plurality of switches 11, 12, 13. For example, when the output power of the generator exceeds a predetermined threshold, the power supplied to the series / parallel switching unit 20 can be reduced by reducing the number of times the plurality of switches 11, 12, 13 are turned on.
  • the invention according to the present embodiment may be specified by the items described below.
  • a plurality of output systems of a plurality of DC power sources for generating power are integrated into a single output system so that the plurality of DC power sources are connected in series and connected to a power conditioner, or the plurality of DC power sources are connected in parallel.
  • a switching unit that switches between connecting to a storage battery integrated into a single output system, A control unit for controlling the switching unit,
  • the switching unit is A plurality of relays for switching connection destinations respectively corresponding to the plurality of output systems;
  • a state detection relay for detecting a connection state of a plurality of relays for switching the connection destination,
  • Each of the plurality of relays for switching the connection destination includes a contact for connecting to the power conditioner, and a contact for connecting to the storage battery,
  • the state detection relay includes a contact for supplying a first fixed voltage to the control unit, and a contact for supplying a second fixed voltage to the control unit,
  • the plurality of relays for switching the connection destination and the relay for state detection are driven by a common coil,
  • the control device wherein the control unit detects the connection state depending on whether the first fixed voltage or the second fixed voltage is received.
  • Item 2 Item 2.
  • a plurality of switches respectively inserted into a plurality of output systems of the plurality of DC power supplies; A temperature detection unit that detects temperatures of the plurality of switches, and The control unit controls the switching unit and the plurality of switches, The control unit switches the connection destination of the switching unit when the plurality of switches are off, The switching device according to item 1, wherein the control unit stops switching of a connection destination of the switching unit when temperatures of the plurality of switches are abnormal.
  • a storage battery A charge / discharge circuit for charge / discharge control of the storage battery;
  • the switching device according to any one of items 1 to 5 connected to the charge / discharge circuit;
  • a storage battery management unit for managing the storage battery and the charge / discharge circuit;
  • a power storage system comprising:
  • the present invention can be used for a photovoltaic power generation system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une unité de commutation en série/en parallèle (20) effectuant une commutation entre l'intégration d'une pluralité de systèmes de sortie d'une pluralité d'alimentations en courant continu de production de courant dans un seul système de sortie dans lequel la pluralité d'alimentations en courant continu sont connectées en série, puis la connexion à un conditionneur d'alimentation (210), ou l'intégration de la pluralité d'alimentations en courant continu dans un seul système de sortie dans lequel la pluralité d'alimentations en courant continu sont connectées en parallèle, puis la connexion à un accumulateur par le biais d'un circuit de charge/décharge (120). L'unité de commutation en série/en parallèle (20) comprend une pluralité de relais de commutation de destination correspondant à la pluralité de systèmes de sortie, et des relais de détection d'état destinés à détecter les états de connexion de la pluralité de relais de commutation de destination. La pluralité de relais de commutation de destination et les relais de détection d'état sont excités par des bobines communes.
PCT/JP2012/006137 2011-09-30 2012-09-26 Appareil de commutation et système d'accumulation de courant WO2013046658A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

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JP2011-216597 2011-09-30
JP2011-216603 2011-09-30
JP2011216603A JP2014239562A (ja) 2011-09-30 2011-09-30 切替装置および蓄電システム
JP2011216597A JP2014239561A (ja) 2011-09-30 2011-09-30 切替装置および蓄電システム

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WO2013046658A1 true WO2013046658A1 (fr) 2013-04-04

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CN105975369A (zh) * 2016-05-23 2016-09-28 河北工业大学 一种用于车载网络单元的测试环境自动化配置设备
EP3410551A1 (fr) * 2017-05-30 2018-12-05 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Système et procédé pour éléments interconnectés d'un système d'alimentation
CN111245045A (zh) * 2018-11-29 2020-06-05 丰田自动车株式会社 电源系统

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JPH02312116A (ja) * 1989-05-25 1990-12-27 Nkk Corp リレー動作監視回路
WO2011052407A1 (fr) * 2009-10-29 2011-05-05 三洋電機株式会社 Circuit de commutation, appareil de commande et système de production d'énergie

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JPH02312116A (ja) * 1989-05-25 1990-12-27 Nkk Corp リレー動作監視回路
WO2011052407A1 (fr) * 2009-10-29 2011-05-05 三洋電機株式会社 Circuit de commutation, appareil de commande et système de production d'énergie

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105975369A (zh) * 2016-05-23 2016-09-28 河北工业大学 一种用于车载网络单元的测试环境自动化配置设备
CN105975369B (zh) * 2016-05-23 2022-12-23 河北工业大学 一种用于车载网络单元的测试环境自动化配置设备
EP3410551A1 (fr) * 2017-05-30 2018-12-05 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Système et procédé pour éléments interconnectés d'un système d'alimentation
US10931104B2 (en) 2017-05-30 2021-02-23 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. System and method for interconnected elements of a power system
EP4109698A3 (fr) * 2017-05-30 2023-04-05 SolarEdge Technologies Ltd. Système et procédé pour éléments interconnectés d'un système d'alimentation
US11876369B2 (en) 2017-05-30 2024-01-16 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. System and method for interconnected elements of a power system
CN111245045A (zh) * 2018-11-29 2020-06-05 丰田自动车株式会社 电源系统
CN111245045B (zh) * 2018-11-29 2023-08-04 丰田自动车株式会社 电源系统

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