Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B61—RAILWAYS
  • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
  • B61D7/00—Hopper cars

Definitions

• the invention relates to self-discharging railway wagons designed for the transport of bulk materials, especially sand and gravel.
• Self-discharging railway wagons designed for the transport of bulk material are distinct in their construction according to the type of transported material.
• Self- discharging wagons for the transport of coal are distinct, for example, in their large discharging gates and different discharging angles than self-discharging wagons for the transport of gravel and sand.
• the known construction of the self-discharging wagon is formed by a compartment divided into two hoppers with discharging gates on both sides, fixed to the frame generally equipped with two double-axle bogies with headstocks.
• the frame is a welded compartment construction comprising two headings connected by external stringers with transverse braces.
• the heading includes a front crosspiece on the front side of which are attached buffers and a manual coupler, and a main crosspiece connected with the front crosspiece using a center beam welded to the near side of the front crosspiece and the main crosspiece.
• the headings contain traversable walkways with access ladder steps on both sides.
• the compartment attached to the frame is an open container welded from the top and divided into two hoppers, each of which is rectangular in shape, narrowed at the bottom, with an upper body tapering the hopper profile. All walls of the pyramid that form the cladding of each of the hoppers are inclined at a certain angle to the plane of the rail surface. This angle, known as the discharging angle, is distinct as per the type and volume of the transported material. The larger the discharging angle, the smaller the volume of the hopper and thus the volume of the transported material. This is in regard to the fact that the height of the wagon is limited by the height of its center of gravity, which must not be at such a height that would cause the wagon to tip over.
• each of the discharge gates is opened and closed by a machine-driven independent controlling mechanism as well as a manual lever for emergency opening or closing of the respective discharge gates.
• the self-discharging wagons are equipped with a braking unit attached to the frame of the wagon, from which the braking force is transferred using control rods to the wheels of the bogie.
• the sloping front walls of the hoppers are supported above the headings using various supporting constructions, such as single bars or reinforcing ribbing directed against each other towards the center of the heading.
• the hopper may be dumped onto a belt conveyor even across a track, meaning that the height of the rail dump above the top of the rail must be sufficient for the positioning and function of the conveyor belt.
• the requirement leads back to the increase in the height of the center of gravity of the wagon.
• the mass of the wagon itself is also important for the optimal economy of the transport.
• the purpose of this invention is to create a universal self-discharging railway wagon which would remove the aforementioned disadvantages, and for a large cargo volume would have a shorter length, which would enable an increased number of wagons connected in the train at a standard length of a train (around 600 meters), which would mean that an increased volume of transported freight would be achieved for the train, and the economy of the train freight transport would be improved.
• the subject-matter of the improvement is a self- discharging railway wagon which includes a frame equipped with two bogies and a compartment attached to the frame and divided into two pyramidal hoppers, from which each is equipped with discharge gates with control mechanisms on both ends, while the frame terminates with headings on both ends that consist of a front crosspiece with buffers and a coupler and from the main crosspiece connected with the front crosspiece by central plates of the chamber of the heading, while the headings are mutually connected with transverse braces.
• the shortening of the length of the wagon is achieved by shortening the headings, while the length of each heading is within a range of 2038 to 2042 mm.
• the shortening of the headings is achieved in that the plates of the heading chamber extend their terminal area at least partially to the body of the front crosspiece and/or main crosspiece. From a constructional perspective, it is preferable if the chamber plates of the heading cover the entire width of the body of the front crosspiece and show a central cavity which empties as an opening on the front side of the front crosspiece, and which is prepared for the storage of the automatic coupling.
• each front wall of the hopper is equipped above the heading connected with the heading using at least two reinforcing saddles of an irregular shape, where the bottom side of each reinforcing saddle is welded to the stringer, the front side forming the rectangular protrusion extends below the side wall of the hopper and is welded to it, the upper side is adjacent to the front wall of the hopper and is welded to it, and the back side of the reinforcing saddle forms an arch in the central part concave towards the front wall of the hopper, and in the lower part creates, together with the lower side, a wedge directed away from the front wall of the hopper, while in the central area of the reinforcing saddle, a relief opening is formed in roughly the shape of a triangle.
• the reinforcing saddle is from sheet metal, and the back side of the reinforcing saddle and the edges of the relief opening are fitted with flat belt seams welded to the reinforcing saddle and arranged perpendicular to the level surface of the reinforcing saddle.
• two reinforcing saddles are arranged above the stringers, while central ribbing is located between them which is welded to the front wall of the hopper and to the transverse reinforcement of the frame, while the reinforcing saddles and central ribbing are fitted with recesses into which a horizontal brace of the front hopper wall is inserted.
• the controlling mechanism of the discharge gate consists of a pneumatic double-acting cylinder fixed to the side wall of the hopper, attached from a swivel arm to the rod of the pneumatic double-acting cylinder, and from the control shaft for controlling the movement of the discharge gate, while the shaft is connected to the swivel arm and fitted with a torque multiplier to ease manual opening.
• the length of the wagon is 12680 mm across the buffers
• the hopper angle (a) of the front walls and side walls of the hoppers is 50°
• the light height of the hoppers above the rails is 680 mm
• the loading capacity of the wagon is 48 m 3
• the actual weight of the wagon is 21 t.
• the advantages of the self-discharging railway wagon according to the invention lies in the fact that with a large load volume and small actual mass, it achieves optimal discharging and transport characteristics with a short wagon length; this leads to improved economy of railway freight transport, when for the same train length it is possible to load a larger volume and mass of transported material.
• figure 1 shows the side view of the self-discharging railway wagon
• figure 2 shows the rear view of the self-discharging railway wagon
• figure 3 shows the layout of the self-discharging railway wagon
• figure 4 shows the perspective axonometric view of the self- discharging railway wagon
• figure 5 shows the layout of the frame
• figure 6 shows the perspective axonometric view on the heading
• figure 7 shows the perspective axonometric view of the reinforcing saddle
• figure 8 shows a detailed view of the controlling mechanism of the discharge gate
• figure 9 shows the layout of the bogie.
• the four-axle bogied self-discharging railway wagon 1 of the Faccns series shown in figures 1 to 8 is designed mainly for the transport of sand and gravel on a railway with a rail gauge 25 of 1435 mm.
• the bogie consists of a frame 5 created as a welded construction consisting of two headings 6 connected with two external stringers 7 with transverse braces 8.
• the shortened length 1_ is achieved in that one terminal area of the chamber plates 13 completely passes through the front crosspiece 9 throughout its entire width and partially extends into the main crosspiece 10.
• a central cavity 26 that ends as an opening 27 on the front side of the front crosspiece 9, while containing supports 28 of the automatic coupling for storing the automatic coupling (not pictured).
• a manual coupling 12 is attached on the front side of the front crosspiece 9 between the buffers 1 .
• the bogies 20 fixed to the main crosspieces 10 of the frame 5 below the headings 6 are also shortened, since they are not fixed with headstocks that normally serve to reinforce the bogie construction, but they prolong its overall length.
• the bogies 20 of the wagon without headstocks are modified so that they can fit in front of the floor of the hoppers 3, respectively in front of the chutes 2 for discharging the material.
• the internal part of the bogie 20 is modified for storing integrated braking units 36 acting directly on the wheels of the bogie 20, without the need to transfer the braking force using control rods in the side or bottom part of the wagon 1_.
• compartment 2 On the frame 5, there is a compartment 2 welded for loading, transport, and unloading of the bulk material.
• the construction of the compartment 2 is selected so that together with the frame 5 it creates a compact, firm, sufficiently voluminous, load-bearing, and shortened unit.
• the compartment 2 is welded from sheet metal plates and profiles and is created from two hoppers 3 in the shape of a four-sided rectangular pyramid, while the upper part of the hopper 3 is formed by a dome structure which creates one single rectangular opening at the top of the wagon with dimensions of 1 600 x 10365 mm.
• the central and lower part of each hopper 3 is formed by two opposing side walls 16 and two opposing front walls 17, welded into the shape of a pyramid.
• the wagon is constructed for unloading transported material by its own gravitation with the possibility of limited discharge doses. This is achieved using discharge openings in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid in the side walls 16 of the hoppers 3.
• the discharge openings are closed by discharge gates 4 comprising steel convex weldments which can be operated either pneumatically or manually.
• the pneumatically operated mechanism 18 of the discharge gate 4 includes a pneumatic double-action gate 22 fixed on the side wall 16, whose rod 35 is pivotally attached with a curved swivel arm 34 on the control shaft 23, which is also equipped with a torque multiplier 24 placed at the end of the control shaft 23.
• the manual operation of the control shaft 23 is secured by a manual lever for manual control of the discharge gates 4, attached to the torque multiplier 24.
• the wagon 1_ is equipped with added chutes 2 for extending the discharge trough for dumping the material to the surface of the rail 25.
• the front walls 17 of the hoppers 3 arranged above the headings 6 are attached to the frame 5 of the wagon using reinforcing saddles 19 welded to the stringers 7 of the frame 5.
• the reinforcing saddle 19 is an irregular fired piece from a strong-walled sheet metal plate, the shape of which is designed so as to optimally eliminate the load of wagon 1_ from the loaded hoppers 3 in the lengthwise and crosswise directions.
• the lower straight side of the reinforcing saddle 19 is welded to the stringer 7.
• the front side making up the rectangular protrusion extends below the side wall 16 of the hopper 3 and is welded to it.
• the cross upper side of the reinforcing saddle 19 runs along the length of the front wall 17 of the hopper 3 and is welded to it.
• the rear side of the reinforcing saddle 19 running from the upper part of the hopper 3 to the stringer 7 first has a longitudinal section, then in the central part is formed by an arch concave towards the front wall 17 of the hopper 3, and in the lower part forms, together with the lower side, a wedge tapering towards the front wall 17 of the hopper 3 towards the front crosspiece 9.
• Roughly in the center of the reinforcing saddle 19 is a triangular relief opening 29, the edges of which are strengthened with welded flat belt seams 30.
• the same flat belt seams 30 are also welded along the entire rear side of the reinforcing saddle 19.
• the discharge angle a of the front walls 17 and side walls 16 is 50°
• the loading volume of the wagon is 48 m 3
• the actual weight of the wagon is 21 t.
• the loading volume of the wagon is 69 t, which means that the total volume of the loaded wagon 1_ is maximum 90 t.
• the wagon 1_ In a loaded state with the value on one axle 22.5 t, the wagon 1_ is constructed for a maximum speed of 100 km/hr, while in an empty (unloaded) state, the maximum speed of the wagon 1_ is 120 km/hr.
• the self-discharging railway wagon can be used for transporting bulk material, especially sand and gravel.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
• Loading Or Unloading Of Vehicles (AREA)
• Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
• Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
• Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

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Publications (1)

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Citations (15)

• 2011
  • 2011-09-29 CZ CZ2011-609A patent/CZ307515B6/cs unknown
• 2012
  • 2012-08-22 HR HRP20190810TT patent/HRP20190810T1/hr unknown
  • 2012-08-22 WO PCT/IB2012/054243 patent/WO2013046072A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2012-08-22 EP EP12756564.6A patent/EP2760721B1/en active Active
  • 2012-08-22 PL PL12756564T patent/PL2760721T3/pl unknown
  • 2012-08-22 TR TR2019/06534T patent/TR201906534T4/tr unknown

Patent Citations (15)

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