WO2013045050A1 - Pompe à jet de gaz pourvue d'au moins une buse - Google Patents

Pompe à jet de gaz pourvue d'au moins une buse Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013045050A1
WO2013045050A1 PCT/EP2012/003935 EP2012003935W WO2013045050A1 WO 2013045050 A1 WO2013045050 A1 WO 2013045050A1 EP 2012003935 W EP2012003935 W EP 2012003935W WO 2013045050 A1 WO2013045050 A1 WO 2013045050A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flow
gas
jet pump
fuel cell
gas jet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/003935
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Matthias Jesse
Cosimo Mazzotta
Holger Richter
Sven Schmalzriedt
Original Assignee
Daimler Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler Ag filed Critical Daimler Ag
Publication of WO2013045050A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013045050A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/14—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid
    • F04F5/16—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
    • H01M8/04253—Means for solving freezing problems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas jet pump having at least one nozzle according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a fuel cell system with such a gas jet pump and a method for operating such a fuel cell system.
  • Gas jet pumps are known from the general state of the art. They use a primary gas stream to draw in a secondary gas stream and to supply the two gas streams together, for example, to a component requiring the gas mixture. They are referred to in the art as a jet pump or ejector.
  • Gas jet pumps can be used in many ways. They are used, for example, in fuel cell systems, in the context of a so-called
  • Anode recirculation Recirculation of exhaust gas from the anode area to the entrance of the anode area For this purpose, fresh fuel is used as a primary gas stream to suck the exhaust gas from the anode chamber as a secondary gas stream and mix the two gas streams again fed to the anode compartment.
  • fresh fuel is used as a primary gas stream to suck the exhaust gas from the anode chamber as a secondary gas stream and mix the two gas streams again fed to the anode compartment.
  • Such a structure is known for example from JP 2008-192514 A.
  • the construction described there shows several gas jet pumps, which are designed so that one of the gas jet pumps is always in operation and the others can be connected depending on the required power. This serves to adjust the power in order to be able to use one, two or three of the gas jet pumps depending on the required delivery rate for the exhaust gas from the anode.
  • a structure is comparatively complex because it requires several gas jet pumps and thus becomes bulky and heavy.
  • a structure is also known from DE 10 2007 057 451 A1, in which a hydrogen metering to a gas jet pump can take place via two parallel valves.
  • a bypass is provided both to the gas jet pump, as well as to these two valves and leads in order to bypass the entire structure for the cold start.
  • a start is also possible when the gas jet pump and / or one or both of the valves or the supply lines are frozen.
  • the object of the present invention is now to optimize a gas jet pump to the effect that the above problems can no longer occur and that with respect to the freezing very safe structure arises, which without additional time and energy expenditure even at temperatures below freezing guaranteed safe and reliable start.
  • this object is achieved by a gas jet pump with the features in the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • a fuel cell system is described with such a gas jet pump, as well as corresponding methods for operating such a fuel cell system, which also solve the above object.
  • the gas jet pump according to the invention is designed so that in the region of
  • Valve means which supply each of the nozzle openings with a portion of the primary gas flow, a flow bypass is provided. Due to this, there is a small flow of gas regardless of the position of the valve device to each the nozzle openings. Each of the nozzle openings is thus with a small gas flow, which in the order of 0.1 percent, but not more than 3 to 5 percent (or.
  • the flow bypass can be formed for example by a recess in the region of a valve body and / or a valve seat of the valve device.
  • the valve body can be provided with a hole or in particular with a notch, which is arranged so that when the valve body resting on the valve seat always a certain opening cross section remains open and thus a bypass is ensured even in the closed position of the valve.
  • the valve device can be very simple and efficient, for example as
  • Valve device may be formed with only one open and one closed position. Such a two-way valve is correspondingly simple and efficient. For example, it may be pulsed to meter the appropriate volume flow of primary gas into the system.
  • Proportional valve between a source for the primary gas flow and the
  • Conduit elements is provided to the nozzle openings. Such a proportional valve can then be used in addition to and regardless of the chosen
  • the gas jet pump can be used in particular in a fuel cell system, which has at least one fuel cell, with a fuel supply to an anode compartment of the fuel cell and with an anode recirculation to return exhaust gas from the anode compartment to the input of the anode compartment, and with a fuel cell system, which has at least one fuel cell, with a fuel supply to an anode compartment of the fuel cell and with an anode recirculation to return exhaust gas from the anode compartment to the input of the anode compartment, and with a
  • a gas jet pump for returning the exhaust gas which is driven by the fuel from the fuel supply as a primary gas stream.
  • the gas jet pump is designed in one of the embodiments described above.
  • the gas jet pump according to the invention can thus be used ideally to ensure an ideal metering of the fuel over a wide power range of the fuel cell of the fuel cell system through the plurality of nozzle openings, which are each provided with its own valve.
  • the fact that a backflow of gases in the region of the nozzle openings is ensured safely and reliably by the constant flow through all the nozzle openings with a minimum gas flow, the freezing of the gas jet pump without additional measures, such as
  • a method for operating such a fuel cell system then provides that the flow cross-section of the flow bypass is designed so that the amount of fuel required for the idling operation of the fuel cell system flows through the flow bypass. This design of the flow bypass so that this for idling a sufficient amount of fuel through the
  • Flow nozzle openings is useful, in particular with regard to possible noise emissions during idling operation, since then on the operation of valves, such as pulsed solenoid valves, can be dispensed with. Very energy-efficient, the idle operation of the fuel cell system can be realized and any noise emissions are reduced. In that all
  • Nozzle openings are constantly flowed through due to the flow bypass in the respective valve device, a shutdown of the fuel cell system from the idle out can be done easily, even if the temperatures below the Freezing point lie.
  • the constant flow through all the nozzle openings with a minimum gas flow prevents the accumulation of water in this area and prevents freezing of the gas jet pump safely and reliably.
  • Idle operation of the fuel cell system is adapted to this gas flow. It is thus possible to adapt the idling operation of the fuel cell system, within certain limits, to a gas flow which is typically somewhat greater than is absolutely necessary in order to ideally match the idling operation and the quantity of gas flowing through the flow bypass.
  • valve devices are operated pulsed, and that the formation of a flow bypass in the "closed" state
  • Fuel cell system also train.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exemplary fuel cell system in a vehicle.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a gas jet pump according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a valve device of the invention
  • Fig. 4 shows a possible embodiment of a valve body in such
  • a fuel cell system 1 in an indicated vehicle 2 can be seen purely by way of example and in a very highly schematic manner.
  • Fuel cell system 1 essentially has a fuel cell 3, which in turn has an anode compartment 4 and a cathode compartment 5.
  • the fuel cell 3 should be designed as a stack of PEM fuel cells.
  • the cathode compartment 5 of the fuel cell 3 is supplied via an air conveyor 6 with air as an oxygen supplier. The exhaust air from the cathode chamber 5 passes in the illustrated here
  • Embodiment to the environment in principle, a post-processing, for example, an afterburner, a turbine or the like could be arranged. However, this is not of interest for the present invention, so that a representation has been omitted.
  • the anode compartment 4 of the fuel cell 3 is supplied with hydrogen H 2 , which comes from a compressed gas storage 7.
  • hydrogen H 2 comes from a compressed gas storage 7.
  • exhaust gas A passes from the anode chamber 4 via a recirculation line 10 back into the area of the gas jet pump 9, and is considered to be secondary therefrom by means of a pressure regulating device 8 and a gas jet pump 9 explained in greater detail below Aspirated gas stream and fed back into the anode chamber 4.
  • This principle of an anode recirculation is known from the general state of the art. It serves to the anode chamber 4 with an excess
  • Hydrogen H 2 supply in order to make the best possible use of its active area.
  • the remaining in the exhaust gas from the anode chamber 4 residual hydrogen is then together with inert gases, which through the membranes from the cathode compartment 5 in the
  • Anode space 4 are diffused and a small part of the product water, which is formed in the anode chamber 4, fed back via the recirculation line 10 and the anode chamber 4 mixed with the fresh hydrogen H 2 supplied again. Since in such an anode recirculation over time, inert gases and water accumulate and thereby the hydrogen concentration decreases, it is necessary, for example, from time to time, Water and gas are drained from the anode recirculation.
  • a drain valve 11 is indicated in principle in the illustration of FIG.
  • recirculation conveyor for the recirculated exhaust gas from the anode compartment 4.
  • a recirculation conveyor is shown in the here
  • the gas jet pump 9 is again shown in detail in the illustration of FIG. It consists essentially of a nozzle 12, which is supplied as a primary gas stream of hydrogen H 2 via a line 13.
  • the gas stream is then divided into several line elements 13.1 - 13.4.
  • each of the line elements 13.1 - 13.4 is a 2/2-way valve, for example, a pulsed driven solenoid valve 14 via the solenoid valves 14 while the volume flow of the primary gas flow through each of the line elements 13.1 - 13.4 is separately adjustable.
  • the line elements 13.1 - 13.4 open in the region of the nozzle in each case in individual nozzle openings 15.1 - 15.4. From these nozzle openings 15.1 - 15.4, in each case a part of the primary gas flow flows out, provided that the respective associated valve device 14 is open.
  • the outflowing primary gas stream then flows into a designated with I intake of the
  • Gas jet pump 9 which laterally from the recirculation line 10, an exhaust gas A from the anode chamber 4 of the fuel cell 3 is supplied. The gases then mix in a mixing zone denoted by II and flow back to the anode compartment 4.
  • each of the valve devices 14 is designed in the manner shown in principle in FIG.
  • the valve device 14 has in this case the actual valve 16, which may be formed, for example, as a solenoid valve.
  • each of the valve devices 14 has a flow bypass 17, which is provided with a corresponding orifice plate 18 in the schematic diagram shown here.
  • the task of the flow bypass is now to always allow a minimum leakage current to flow past the valve 16 through the region of the valve device 14.
  • the gas flow can be designed to a maximum of 3 to 5 percent (or depending on the level of the
  • Nozzle openings 15.1 - 15.4 with the advantages mentioned above.
  • valve body 19 which, as indicated by the double arrow, can be moved accordingly.
  • an opening 20 is arranged as a flow bypass 17, in this case by a bore in the valve body 19.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une pompe à jet de gaz (9) pourvue d'au moins une buse (12) qui comporte au moins deux ouvertures de buse (15.1 - 15.4) par lesquelles sort un flux gazeux primaire (H2) dans une zone d'aspiration (I) pour un flux gazeux secondaire (A), au moins une partie du flux gazeux primaire (H2) pouvant être introduite dans chacune des ouvertures de buse (15.1 - 15.4), respectivement par l'intermédiaire d'un élément de conduite (13.1 - 13.4) comprenant respectivement un dispositif de soupape (14). Cette invention est caractérisée en ce qu'une structure de dérivation d'écoulement (17) ménagée dans la zone du dispositif de soupape (14) permet un faible écoulement gazeux, indépendamment de la position du dispositif de soupape (14), vers chaque ouverture de buse (15.1 - 15.4).
PCT/EP2012/003935 2011-10-01 2012-09-20 Pompe à jet de gaz pourvue d'au moins une buse WO2013045050A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011114798A DE102011114798A1 (de) 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 Gasstrahlpumpe mit wenigstens einer Düse
DE102011114798.9 2011-10-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013045050A1 true WO2013045050A1 (fr) 2013-04-04

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ID=47008464

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2012/003935 WO2013045050A1 (fr) 2011-10-01 2012-09-20 Pompe à jet de gaz pourvue d'au moins une buse

Country Status (2)

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DE (1) DE102011114798A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013045050A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013072026A3 (fr) * 2011-11-16 2013-09-06 Daimler Ag Dispositif entraîné par un flux

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017205589B4 (de) * 2017-04-03 2019-03-14 Audi Ag Saugstrahlpumpe

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050064255A1 (en) * 2003-09-18 2005-03-24 Ballard Power Systems Inc. Fuel cell system with fluid stream recirculation
DE102007004590A1 (de) * 2007-01-30 2008-07-31 Daimler Ag Gasversorgungsanordnung in einer Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung
JP2008192514A (ja) 2007-02-06 2008-08-21 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 燃料電池システム
DE102007057451A1 (de) 2007-11-29 2009-06-04 Daimler Ag Brennstoffzellensystem und Verfahren zum Starten eines Brennstoffzellensystems in einer Kaltstartphase
DE102008003034A1 (de) * 2008-01-02 2009-07-30 Daimler Ag Versorgungssystem für mindestens einen Brennstoffzellenstapel, Verfahren sowie Strahlpumpe in dem Versorgungssystem
DE112005001210B4 (de) * 2004-05-28 2010-07-22 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha, Toyota-shi Brennstoffzellensystem

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050064255A1 (en) * 2003-09-18 2005-03-24 Ballard Power Systems Inc. Fuel cell system with fluid stream recirculation
DE112005001210B4 (de) * 2004-05-28 2010-07-22 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha, Toyota-shi Brennstoffzellensystem
DE102007004590A1 (de) * 2007-01-30 2008-07-31 Daimler Ag Gasversorgungsanordnung in einer Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung
JP2008192514A (ja) 2007-02-06 2008-08-21 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 燃料電池システム
DE102007057451A1 (de) 2007-11-29 2009-06-04 Daimler Ag Brennstoffzellensystem und Verfahren zum Starten eines Brennstoffzellensystems in einer Kaltstartphase
DE102008003034A1 (de) * 2008-01-02 2009-07-30 Daimler Ag Versorgungssystem für mindestens einen Brennstoffzellenstapel, Verfahren sowie Strahlpumpe in dem Versorgungssystem

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013072026A3 (fr) * 2011-11-16 2013-09-06 Daimler Ag Dispositif entraîné par un flux

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102011114798A1 (de) 2013-04-04

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