WO2013040866A1

WO2013040866A1 - Numerical control apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2013040866A1
Application number: PCT/CN2012/070364
Authority: WO
Inventors: 杨东佐
Original assignee: Yang Dongzuo
Priority date: 2011-09-21
Filing date: 2012-01-16
Publication date: 2013-03-28
Also published as: CN202462121U; CN102699768A; WO2013040867A1; WO2013040868A1; CN102717306A; CN102717306B; CN202540054U

Abstract

A numerical control apparatus comprises a main shaft device, a sliding base (7, 18), a sliding base drive device, a workpiece clamping device, and a main machining head (48). A Z-directional guide rod (30) can be mounted together with the sliding base (18) in a manner only capable of moving up and down. A rotation shaft (32) is mounted in the Z-directional guide rod (30) and is only capable of rotating with respect to the Z-directional guide rod (30). A Z-directional lead screw nut (46) is fixed to the Z-directional guide rod (30). A conducting ring (51) is disposed at the periphery of the rotation shaft (32). A wire accommodating hole or a wire accommodating groove communicating with the conducting ring (51) is disposed on the rotation shaft (32). A wire is accommodated in the wire accommodating hole or the wire accommodating groove. A swing base (56) is integrated with or fixed to the lower end of the rotation shaft. One end of the wire is electrically connected to the conducting ring (51) and the other end is electrically connected to a main machining head drive motor and a swing shaft drive device mounted on the rotation shaft (32). The conducting ring (51) is frictionally and electrically connected to an electric brush (52) electrically connected to an external power source. The electric brush (52) and the Z-directional guide rod (30) are fixed. The advantage is that the rotation shaft (32) can continuously rotate for 360 degrees and the wire connected to the main shaft motor and the rotation shaft drive device is not broken.

Description

A numerical control device

The invention relates to a numerical control device, in particular to a main processing head numerical control machine tool, a numerical control painting equipment, a numerical control welding device, a numerical control laser cutting device, a numerical control laser welding device, a numerical control plasma cutting device, a numerical control screwing device, a numerical control gas cutting device. Wait.

Background technique

In the existing numerical control equipment, in order to realize the processing of complex parts, five-axis motion processing is generally required, that is, the X-axis, the Y-axis, and the Z-axis are moved back and forth, the swing shaft is rotated within a certain angle, and the rotating shaft or the table is continuously rotated by 360°. motion.

However, the existing numerical control equipment, one is that the swinging shaft of the mounting processing head (also known as the universal machining head in the industry) can swing a certain angle, but the rotating shaft can only reciprocate back and forth in a certain angle, if the rotating shaft is 360° continuously. Rotating in the same direction, the electric connection between the pendulum shaft drive and the processing head of the rotating shaft is entangled by the continuous rotation of the rotating shaft, and the wire is twisted when it is continuously wound and wound. Causes the processing head to not work properly. The rotating shaft of the existing numerical control equipment can only reciprocate back and forth in a certain angle. For example, the universal machining head of CYTEC of Germany can realize the reciprocating rotation of +Λ37, in order to realize the processing of complex parts, especially turning. The table mounted on the base must be able to rotate 360° in the same direction. When this CNC machine is used for turning (forward turning), the table rotates, due to the table that needs to be moved to clamp the workpiece. The weight of the workpiece is much heavier than the weight of the spindle unit and its load-bearing device, especially when the weight of the workpiece is very large, such as 3 tons or even 100 tons or more, so that the rotary table for mounting the workpiece requires a very large volume. The occupied space is large; the power of driving the table is large, and the energy is wasted; when the rotating table rotates, the vibration is large and the inertia is large, the precision of the equipment is reduced, and the working environment is noisy; especially the heavy workpiece exceeding 100 tons is even worse.

For example, in the invention patent No. 03278066.4, a five-axis linkage gantry numerical control milling machine is disclosed, which has a base, a worktable, left and right vertical columns, a beam, a slide, a ram, an electric spindle head, an electric spindle U-shaped frame, a worktable X-axis drive mechanism, slide Y-axis drive mechanism, ram Z-axis drive mechanism, electric spindle head is an electric spindle head directly driven by a built-in servo motor, and the electric spindle head is symmetrically disposed on both sides thereof The A-axis is rotatably coupled with the U-shaped frame of the electric spindle, and the U-shaped frame of the electric spindle is fixedly connected with the C-axis that is rotatably coupled in the ram; the A-axis rotary drive mechanism and the C-axis rotary drive mechanism are adopted by the electric spindle head. It can be rotated around the A and C axes, respectively. The A-axis rotary drive mechanism and the C-axis rotary drive mechanism are all multi-stage gear drive chain transmissions, with many clearances, difficult to ensure accuracy, and complex transmission structure; although the A-axis rotary drive mechanism adopts a gear reduction transmission chain with a gear-reducing reduction transmission structure However, it only improves the clearance of the gear transmission chain, and can not eliminate the gap of the gear transmission chain. It will still affect the machining accuracy of the gantry CNC milling machine and cannot meet the high precision requirements of the gantry milling machine. According to the invention, if the C-axis is 360° continuous rotation, since the electric spindle head is rotatably coupled to the electric spindle U-shaped frame through the symmetrical A-axis provided on both sides thereof, the electric spindle U-shaped frame is installed in the ram and The C-axis is rotatably connected, and the wires connecting the electric spindle head and the servo motor that drives the A-axis rotation are entangled by the continuous 360° rotation of the C-axis. When the continuous rotation is continuously wound, the wires are The twisting of the spindle causes the spindle head to fail to work properly.

For example, in the invention patent of the application No. 200920031017.8, a bidirectional rotary pair for a five-axis CNC machine tool is disclosed, comprising an electric spindle bracket and an electric spindle fixedly connected thereto, and an L-shaped CA rotary pair, one end of the CA rotary pair It is fixed with the C-axis cycloid reducer. The other end of the C-axis cycloid reducer is fixed to the C-axis fixed end cover. The C-axis fixed end cover is fixed on the C-axis fixed bracket. The C-axis fixed end cover is fixed with The C-axis servo motor corresponding to the C-axis cycloid reducer; the other end of the CA rotary pair is fixed with an A-axis servo motor, the A-axis servo motor is fixedly connected with the A-axis cycloidal reducer, and the output of the A-axis cycloidal reducer is The electric spindle bracket is fixedly connected. The five-axis CNC machine tool drives the electric spindle to rotate around the C-axis through a C-axis cycloid reducer. One end of the CA rotary pair is fixed to the C-axis cycloid reducer, and the other end of the CA rotary pair is fixed with an A-axis servo motor. The A-axis servo motor and the electric spindle are connected by a continuous 360° rotation of the C-axis. When twisted together, the wire will be twisted when it is continuously wound, causing the universal machining head to fail to work properly, so the C-axis can only be reversed at a certain angle.

For example, in the invention patent No. 21010514827.6, a numerically controlled plasma six-axis five-link groove cutting machine is disclosed, which comprises end frames on both sides of a beam, and both ends of the frame are connected with a longitudinal moving device and placed on the track, moving laterally. The device is mounted on the beam, the host is connected to the lifting and moving device via the bracket, and the lifting and moving device is connected to the lateral moving device. The host comprises a chassis mounted on the bracket, and the rotating motor is mounted on the top of the chassis, and the rotating motor (8) The output shaft is connected with a ball screw in the chassis, and the upper end of the ball screw is connected with a pinion thread; the chassis is further provided with a hollow rotating shaft through which the cable passes, and the large shaft and the large gear are connected to the rotating shaft The pinion meshes, the lower end of the rotating shaft is fixed to the upper end of the "C"-shaped connecting member, and the "C"-shaped connecting member is mounted with a oscillating motor-driven gearbox, which is meshed with the semicircular rack by a gear, semicircular A torch holder is mounted on the rack. This multi-stage gear mechanical chain drive drives the rotating shaft with a large gap, which is difficult to guarantee accuracy. The wires connected to the oscillating motor and the torch are entangled by the continuous 360° rotation of the rotating shaft. When the continuous winding is entangled, the wire is twisted, causing the torch to work normally, so the rotating shaft can only be Positive and negative in a certain angle.

For example, in the invention patent No. 201020561238.9, a joint type A/C axis double swing angle numerical control universal milling head is disclosed. The milling head is composed of two rotary units of A and C axes, wherein the structure of the A-axis unit is: The electric spindle is inserted into the headstock. The headstock is supported by the left and right sides of the RA roller on the left and right sides of the A-axis. The left and right sides of the water-cooled sleeve are supported by the left and right L-shaped housings. In the fork body, two outer rotor type torque motors are arranged in parallel in the right outer casing RL type right casing, and the left side and right side torque motor stators of the A axis are respectively connected with the left type housing and the L type right housing. The A-axis left and right torque motor rotors are mounted on both sides of the spindle box at the same time. The A-axis oil distribution ring is arranged between the spindle box and the L-shaped right housing. The structure of the C-axis unit is: The core shaft is set in the C-axis. In the oil ring, the rear end of the mandrel is engaged with the rear end cover through the rear end support bearing, and the front end of the mandrel is connected with the front end transmission member, and the C-axis water cooling sleeve is matched with the mandrel through the C-axis oil distribution ring, and the C-axis upper and lower ends The torque motor is connected to the rear end cover through the inner C-axis water jacket Connected, the rear end cover is connected with the outer casing; the C-axis upper end torque motor rotor is connected with the outer spacer sleeve, the spacer sleeve is connected with the front end transmission member, and the C-axis lower end torque motor rotor is directly connected with the front end transmission member, and the front end transmission member passes through the rotary table bearing Connected to the L-shaped right housing of the A-axis unit. In the invention, although the direct drive motor is used to drive the A-axis and the C-axis movement, since the A-axis unit is mounted on the C-axis, the wires connected to the stator of the left-axis and right-side torque motors of the A-axis are wound by the continuous 360° rotation of the A-axis. Together, when the A-axis is continuously wound and wound, the wire will be twisted, causing the torch to work normally, so the A-axis can only be reversed at a certain angle.

There is also a pendulum shaft mounted on the spindle. The spindle can rotate continuously at 360°, but the drive of the pendulum shaft must be driven by a multi-stage gear mechanical chain drive. For example, in the invention patent of the application No. 200610118881.2, a numerical control mast for processing the inner curved surface of the bottom end of the deep blind hole is disclosed, which comprises a mast sleeve, the mast further comprises a swinging cutter bar, a swinging shaft, and a mast sleeve. a servo motor, a drive shaft, a oscillating drive gear, a bevel gear pair, a swing gear is arranged at a rear portion of the swing arbor, and a servo motor output shaft is fixedly connected to a drive shaft fixed in a bearing housing in the mast sleeve through a coupling shaft, The drive shaft drives the driven bevel gear through the active bevel gear and the swing drive gear mounted on the transition shaft together with the driven bevel gear, and the swing drive gear meshes with the swing gear of the swinging cutter bar to drive the swing shaft and the swing cutter bar to rotate swing. This multi-stage gear mechanical chain drive is used to drive the pendulum shaft. There are gaps and elastic deformations in the drive chain. These factors will affect the accuracy. Moreover, the entire assembly manufacturing assembly accuracy requirements are also high, the structure is complex, the volume is large, and the weight is heavy. Heavy and costly.

In the utility model patent of the application No. 200520133730.5, a fully automatic CNC pipe cutting machine is disclosed, which is composed of a fuselage, a cutting system, a feeding clamping system, a numerical control system and a cooling system, and the cutting system has a spindle to which an infeed is fixed. The motor and the motor drive the screw to rotate through the gear drive. The screw rod makes the slider move linearly. The slider is equipped with a cutting tool. The power of the motor passes through the brush and the electric ring is guided. Although the solution is disclosed and solved by the brush. The problem of the wire winding of the motor rotating along with the spindle on the spindle, but being mounted on the spindle in addition to the brush, rotates with the spindle, but the problem solved is the problem of the rotary feed of the tool, rather than being mounted on the base. The workbench does not move, solving the five-axis motion CNC machine tool for machining complex parts, especially the five-axis motion turning, turning and milling complex machining complex parts. In the utility model patent of the application No. 200920241455.7, a numerical control direct drive C-axis mechanism of an electric spark forming machine is disclosed, and a motor mount is fixedly arranged at a Z-axis end of the EDM machine, and the motor mount is provided The direct drive motor has a casing and a rotating shaft, and the casing is fixedly connected with the motor mounting seat, the rotating shaft is a hollow shaft and the rotating direction is rotated around the Z axis; the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft is provided with a power input a shaft, the inlet shaft is insulated and fixedly connected with respect to the hollow shaft; a cavity is disposed in the motor mount, and an upper end of the inlet shaft extends into the cavity, and the inlet shaft located in the cavity is circumferentially disposed An annular contact surface is disposed, and an electric brush is disposed on the annular contact surface, and the electric brush is insulated and mounted on the motor mount, and the working surface of the electric brush is in contact with the annular contact surface; An electrode holder is provided at the lower end of the shaft. Although the solution discloses that the electrical connection problem with the electrode fixture mounted on the rotating shaft and rotates with the rotating shaft is solved by the electric brush and the electric input shaft, the problem solved by the solution is the problem of using the direct-drive motor EDM. It is not a table that is mounted on the base. It does not move. It solves the five-axis motion CNC machine tool for machining complex parts, especially the five-axis motion turning, turning and milling complex machining complex parts.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a swing shaft driving device in which the rotating shaft can be continuously rotated 360°, and the electric connecting shaft and the rotating shaft are installed together, and the wires of the main processing head are not entangled, and the work table on the mounting base does not need to be rotated. It can realize five-axis motion machining of complex parts, especially for turning complex parts, the stability of the main machining head when moving up and down, and the difficulty of generating unbalanced torque.

A numerical control device, comprising a spindle device, a sliding seat for mounting a spindle device, a sliding seat driving device, a clamping workpiece device, a main machining head, and a spindle device including a Z-guide rod and a Z-direction driving device for driving the Z-guide rod to move up and down; The guide rod can only be mounted with the slide seat up and down; further comprising a rotary shaft mounted on the Z guide rod only rotatable relative to the Z guide rod, the rotary shaft drive device; the Z-direction drive device includes a Z-direction drive motor, and a drive motor a Z-direction lead screw connected to the motor shaft, and a lead screw nut matched with the Z-direction lead rod; a support portion is arranged upward on the slide seat, a motor mounting plate is arranged on the support portion, and a Z-direction drive motor is fixed to the motor On the mounting plate, the end of the Z-direction screw away from the driving motor passes through the motor mounting plate; the screw nut is fixed with the Z-guide rod, and the main machining head is disposed under the Z-guide rod; a conductive ring is arranged on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft, and is disposed on the rotating shaft a wire receiving hole or a wire receiving groove communicating with the conductive ring, and a wire disposed in the wire receiving hole or the wire receiving groove; integrally formed or fixed at the lower end of the rotating shaft The seat further includes a swing shaft and a swing shaft driving device mounted on the swing seat, wherein the main machining head seat of the main machining head is fixed on the swing shaft or integrally formed with the swing shaft; one end of the electric wire is electrically connected to the conductive ring, The other end is electrically connected to the motor mounted on the rotating shaft; the conductive ring is electrically connected to the brush electrically connected to the external power source, and the brush is fixed with the Z guide rod.

As an improvement of the first solution, the Z-guide rod and the rotating shaft cooperate with the upper and lower stepped holes, and the upper end of the rotating shaft is provided with a radial protruding portion, and the protruding hole of the rotating shaft is installed in the large hole of the stepped hole. The lower bearing contacting the bottom surface of the portion and the upper bearing contacting the top surface of the protruding portion of the rotating shaft; the lower bearing is supported on the stepped hole, and the rotating shaft is engaged with the Z guide rod through the upper bearing and the lower bearing. The structure of the protruding portion of the rotating shaft cooperates with the upper bearing and the lower bearing, so that the Z guide rod and the rotating shaft are easy to process and easy to install, and the accuracy is easily ensured.

As an improvement of the first scheme, the Z-guide rod and the rotating shaft cooperate with the hole as a stepped hole with a large upper and a small diameter, and a small shaft is arranged at both ends of the rotating shaft, and a small shaft and a matching shaft with the lower end of the rotating shaft are installed in the large hole of the stepped hole. The lower bearing, the upper bearing matched with the small shaft of the upper end of the rotating shaft; the lower bearing is mounted on the bottom surface of the smallest hole of the stepped hole, and the rotating shaft is matched with the Z guide rod through the upper bearing and the lower bearing. The structure of the small shaft at both ends of the rotating shaft cooperates with the upper bearing and the lower bearing, so that the Z guide rod and the rotating shaft are easy to process and easy to install, and the accuracy is easy to ensure.

As an improvement of the first solution, a cooling flow path is also provided on the spindle device. The cooling runner takes away the heat from the spindle unit and reduces the overheating deformation of the Z guide and the shaft of the spindle unit.

As an improvement of the first aspect, the spindle drive unit includes a first rotor mounted on the outer circumference of the rotary shaft, and a first stator mounted in the Z guide rod to cooperate with the first rotor. The first stator and the first rotor cooperate to drive the rotating shaft, and the structure is simple and the installation is convenient.

As an improvement of the first scheme, the swing shaft driving device comprises a second stator mounted in the swing seat, and the second stator is mounted in the second stator a second rotor; the swing shaft is coaxially mounted in the second rotor, and the main machining head of the main machining head is fixed on the swing shaft or integrally formed with the swing shaft; the wire receiving hole or the wire receiving groove is The wire is electrically connected to the second stator at one end away from the conductive ring. The driving of the pendulum shaft is realized by the cooperation of the second stator and the second rotor, and the structure is simple, the installation is convenient, and the installation space is reduced.

As an improvement of the first scheme, a Z-direction screw nut mounting plate is fixed on the top of the z-guide rod, and the Z-direction screw nut is fixed at the center of the Z-direction screw nut mounting plate, the Z-direction driving motor, the Z-direction screw nut and the Z The guide rod is coaxial; the shaft drive device is installed in the Z guide rod, so that the main machining head moves and moves up and down, and the stability is good.

As an improvement of the first scheme, the rotating shaft driving device comprises a hollow motor, the hollow motor is fixed with the z-guide rod, and the upper end of the rotating shaft is connected with the motor shaft of the hollow motor, so that the Z-direction screw can extend into the hollow motor and the Z-guide rod when moving up and down. , the shaft, etc., can shorten the overall length of the spindle device, improve the rigidity of the spindle device, and reduce costs.

As a common improvement of the first to tenth embodiments, the supporting portion is a tubular upper guiding sleeve matched with the z-guide rod; and a tubular lower guiding sleeve matched with the Z guiding rod is further disposed under the sliding seat; The slide guide and the lower guide sleeve are provided with a guide hole penetrating through the z-guide rod. The guide rod is vertically movable in the guide hole, and the motor mounting plate seals the top of the guide hole of the guide sleeve. A guide sleeve is arranged below and above the sliding seat to increase the guiding length of the z-guide rod and improve the guiding effect of the Z-guide rod. The motor mounting plate seals the top of the guiding hole of the guiding sleeve, and the dust is not easy to enter the gap between the z-guide rod and the guide sleeve, thereby further improving the guiding effect and reducing the wear of dust entering the guiding gap.

As an improvement of the first scheme, the swing shaft drive device comprises a drive motor; the swing shaft is connected to the motor shaft of the drive motor, and the swing shaft is connected to the main machining head base through the swing seat away from the drive motor. The pendulum shaft is driven directly by the drive unit motor, which is simple in structure and low in cost.

As an improvement of the first solution, a fixing seat is further fixed at a lower end of the z-guide rod; the rotating shaft driving device includes a first stator mounted at a lower end of the fixing seat, and is mounted on the first rotor of the first stator, and the rotating shaft is only rotatably mounted In the first rotor, the structure is simple, the length of the rotating shaft is short, and it is not easily deformed.

As a common improvement of the first to tenth schemes, two first z-direction linear guide rails are fixed in the sliding seat, and z-direction guide fixing portions are symmetrically convex on both sides of the Z-guide rod, and are fixed on the Z-guide fixing portion. There is a second Z-directed linear guide track that mates with the corresponding first Z-directed linear track. The first Z-direction linear guide rail and the second Z-direction linear guide rail cooperate with the Z-guide direction, and the guiding effect is good, and the Z-guide rod does not need to design the rotation-stopping structure. In particular, when the first Z-direction linear guide rail and the second Z-direction linear guide rail are worn, it is only necessary to replace the first Z-direction linear guide rail and the second Z-direction linear guide rail, without replacing the Z-guide rod.

As a common improvement of the schemes 1 to 10, the guiding portion of the z-guide rod is cylindrical; the Z-guide rod is provided with a rotation preventing groove, and the sliding guide is provided with a Z-guide sleeve matched with the z-guide rod, and the Z-guide sleeve is The Z guide rod is provided with a rotation preventing structure for preventing the Z guide rod from rotating horizontally along the axis of the guide rod. The anti-rotation structure is used to prevent the z-guide rod from rotating, the structure is simple, and the design of each part is convenient.

As an improvement of the above solution, the rotation stop structure includes a rotation preventing block, and a horizontal through hole for accommodating the rotation preventing block is disposed on a side of the z guide sleeve, and the receiving hole is disposed at an end of the outer side of the z guide sleeve. There is a resisting member, and a spring is arranged between the rotation preventing block and the abutting member; a rotation preventing groove is formed on the side of the Z guiding rod to cooperate with the rotation preventing block, and the rotation preventing block protrudes from the guiding hole of the Z guiding rod. Stop in the groove. The anti-rotation structure is installed in the z-guide sleeve, and the structure is simple and the installation is convenient.

As a common improvement of the schemes 1 to 10, the z-guide rod can only be mounted with the slide seat up and down; the Z-direction screw nut is fixed on the Z guide rod; and the Z guide rod is prevented from rotating horizontally along the guide rod axis. a rotation stop structure; the rotation stop structure includes a third rotation stop block, and a receiving portion for accommodating the third rotation preventing block is disposed on the z guide rod, and a third spring is disposed between the third rotation preventing block and the Z guide rod; The third rotation stop block protrudes from the outer circumference of the Z guide rod, and a rotation stop groove that cooperates with the third rotation stop block is disposed in the guide hole that cooperates with the Z guide rod. By stopping the rotation of the stop block, the structure is simple, and because the spring has a buffering effect, it can be well ensured that the z-guide rod does not rotate to make the smooth Z-guide rod move up and down.

As a modification of the fifteenth aspect, the accommodating portion is a blind hole disposed on a side of the z-guide rod, and the third spring is installed between the bottom surface of the blind hole and the third rotation preventing block; the third rotation preventing block is away from the spring One side protrudes from the outer circumference of the z-guide rod and stops Slot fit. The anti-rotation structure is installed in the blind hole on the side of the z-guide rod, and has a simple structure.

As an improvement of the fifteenth aspect, the accommodating groove is disposed at the top of the z-guide rod and communicates with the side of the Z-guide rod; the rotation-stopping structure further includes the fourth rotation block and the end cover, and the third spring is installed at the third end. A third spring is disposed between the rotating block and the fourth rotating block, and the end cover restricts the third to the rotating block and the fourth stopping block to move within a set range on the z-guide rod; the third stopping block protrudes from the Z The outer circumference of the guide rod cooperates with the rotation stop groove. The rotation stop structure is installed in the accommodating groove at the top of the Z guide rod, and the installation is convenient.

As a common improvement of the first to tenth embodiments, the supporting portion provided on the sliding block is an upper guiding sleeve matched with the z-guide rod, and the lower guiding sleeve is further disposed on the sliding seat; the motor mounting plate seals the guiding hole of the guiding sleeve The top of the Z; the Z-direction drive is mounted in the Z-guide sleeve; the guide sleeve is provided with a guide insert, and the rotating shaft cooperates with the guide insert. The rotating shaft cooperates with the guide insert to reduce the friction, reduce the frictional contact surface, reduce the heat generated by the friction, and at the same time facilitate the heat to be discharged from the gap between the lower guide bush, the guide insert and the rotating shaft to reduce the deformation of the rotating shaft.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: using a brush and a conductive ring, the rotating shaft can be continuously rotated 360°, and the wires electrically connected to the rotating shaft and electrically connected to the main processing head and the swing shaft driving device are not entangled by the rotation of the rotating shaft, so that When the pendulum axis oscillates and the axis direction of the machining head deviates from the vertical direction, when the machining head makes a circular arc motion in the plane where the X direction and the Y direction are located, the machining head can always meet the machining angle requirement by 360° continuous rotation of the rotation shaft. , complex parts can be machined without the need to clamp the workpiece device movement. Single, easy to realize Z guide rod moves up or down or rotates or drives the shaft installed in the Z guide rod to rotate. Especially for the reverse turning process in which the workpiece is mounted on a table fixed on the base and the workpiece does not have to be rotated, the turning tool that needs the machining head end always maintains an angle with the center of the workpiece, and the turning tool must always maintain this angle. It is necessary to make an infinite number of continuous rotations of the universal machining head, and then it is easy to realize the linkage displacement of the XYZ through the numerical control system programming. Since the structure of the machining head does not have to be large, the weight does not have to be heavy, when the main machining head and its bearing The weight of the device is much lighter than the sum of the weight of the table and the workpiece that is required to move the workpiece, but when the weight of the workpiece is very large, such as 3 tons or even 100 tons or more, the drive can be greatly saved. Power (energy saving) and improved displacement flexibility (displacement speed), it is easier to ensure machining precision, greatly improve the displacement sensitivity of the machining head and workpiece machining accuracy, improve the moving speed of X and Y directions, improve machining efficiency, and greatly reduce Wear between the moving parts of the equipment and the guide rails. At the same time, since the swing shaft can be oscillated at a certain angle, the rotating shaft is provided with a conductive ring and a brush to realize that the wire of the driving device electrically connecting the pendulum shaft and the wire of the processing head terminal are not entangled when the rotating shaft rotates continuously 360°, and any arbitrary arrangement can be realized. The combination of turning (reverse) and milling in the angle is more than the performance of this type of universal machining head in the industry; and the swing shaft and the machining head can be directly driven by the motor, eliminating the gap of the multi-stage gear mechanical transmission. It improves the processing precision of the equipment, makes the structure to be the most compact, and simplifies the structure, so that the transmission rigidity is greatly increased. The driving motor is mounted on the motor mounting plate, and the Z-direction screw connected to the motor shaft of the third driving motor passes through the Z-direction driving device mounting seat and the Z-direction screw nut. The structure is simple, and the Z-guide rod is moved up and down or Rotating or driving the rotation of the shaft installed in the Z guide rod, the displacement accuracy is high, the stability of the main machining head when moving up and down is good, and the unbalanced torque is not easily generated.

DRAWINGS

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing the Y-slide and the spindle device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the Y-slide and the spindle device of the first embodiment of the present invention taken along the axial position of the Z-guide rod. Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing the Y-slide and the spindle device of the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the Y-slide and the spindle device of the second embodiment of the present invention taken along the axial position of the Z-guide rod. Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing the Y-slide and the spindle device of the third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing the Y-slide and the spindle device of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing the Y-slide and the spindle device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing a Y-slide and a spindle device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing the Y-slide and the spindle unit of the seventh embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 13 is a perspective view showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 14 is a perspective view showing a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 15 is a perspective view showing a Y-slide and a spindle device according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing the Y-slide and the spindle device of the tenth embodiment of the present invention.

Figure Π is a schematic cross-sectional view of the Y-direction slide and the spindle device of the embodiment 10 of the present invention taken along the axial position of the Z-guide rod.

Fig. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the Y-direction carriage and the spindle unit of the eleventh embodiment of the present invention taken along the axial position of the Z-guide rod.

Fig. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the Y-direction carriage and the spindle unit of the embodiment 12 of the present invention taken along the axial position of the Z-guide rod.

Figure 20 is a perspective exploded view of the Y-slide and spindle device of Embodiment 13 of the present invention.

detailed description

Example 1

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a numerically controlled machine tool includes an integrally formed main body frame 1, a work table 2. The main body frame 1 includes a square base 3 integrally formed with the base 3 at four corner positions of the base 3 and a main support column 4 respectively disposed at an intermediate position between the left side, the right side and the rear side of the base, connecting the main support column 4 horizontally connected columns 5. The main support frame 6 provided on the main support column 4 is integrally formed with the main support column 4. The main support frame 6 is a square closed-loop structure in which the opening faces the vertical direction.

It also includes an X-direction slide 7. An X-forward guide rail and an X-rear guide rail are provided between the main support frame 6 and the X-direction slide base 7. The X-direction slide 7 can slide back and forth along the X forward rail and the X rear rail.

The X-direction carriage 7 includes a frame in which the opening faces the vertical direction, and an X-direction guide rail fixing block 13 is respectively protruded on the front and rear sides of the frame, and a lower convex portion 14 is provided on the bottom surface of the frame.

The X forward rail and the X rearward rail include an X-direction linear slide rail 15 provided with a ball mounted on the main support frame 6, and an X fixed to the X-direction linear slide rail 15 at the bottom surface of the X-direction guide rail fixing block 13 To the rail slide 16 .

Also included is a first driving device that drives the X to slide back and forth 7; the first driving device includes a first driving motor 10, and the driving X moves back and forth to the slider 7 in parallel with the X-direction linear sliding track 15 An X-direction lead screw 11 to which the motor shaft of the drive motor 10 is coupled, and a first lead screw nut (not shown) to which the X-threaded rod 11 is engaged, a first lead screw nut (not shown) is fixed to the lower projection portion 14 The position where it is combined with the X-slide 7.

Also included is an X-direction screw mount 17 mounted on the left and right sides of the main support frame 6, the first drive motor 10 being mounted on the outer side of the X-direction screw mount 17, and the X-direction screw 11 away from the first drive One end of the motor 10 passes through the X-direction screw mount 17, and a first lead nut (not shown) is mounted on the X-direction screw mount 17 remote from the first drive motor 10; the X-direction screw 11 is located at two The X-direction slides between the tracks 15 in a straight line.

Also included is a Y-direction slide 18, and a Y-left rail and a Y-right rail are provided between the X-direction carriage 7 and the Y-direction carriage 18.

Also included is a second driving device that drives Y to move back and forth to the carriage 18; the second driving device includes a second driving motor 21 that drives Y to move back and forth to the carriage 18, parallel to the Y-left rail and the Y-right rail. The root is connected to the Y-axis screw 22 of the motor shaft of the second drive motor 21, and the Y-direction screw nut (not shown) is engaged with the Y-direction screw 22.

The Y-direction slide 18 includes a Y-direction slide bottom plate 24, a U-shaped upper convex portion 25 projecting vertically upward from the Y-direction slide base plate 24, and a U-shaped lower convex portion protruding vertically downward from the Y-direction slide base plate 24. 26. The U-shaped upper convex portion 25 and the U-shaped lower convex portion 26 are projected in the Y-direction slide base plate 24 in the left-right direction. A Y-direction screw nut (not shown) is fixed at a position where the U-shaped lower convex portion 26 is combined with the Y-direction slide bottom plate 24.

Y-left rail and Y-right rail are slide rails; including Y-direction with balls directly fixed on the X-direction slide 7 The linear slide rail 27 is fixed to the Y-direction guide slide 29 that is engaged with the Y-direction linear slide rail 27 on the bottom surface of the Y-slide bottom plate 24.

Also included is a Y-direction screw mount 28 mounted on the front and rear sides of the X-direction slide 7, the second drive motor 21 being mounted on the outer side of the Y-direction screw mount 28, and the Y-direction screw 22 being away from the second One end of the drive motor 21 is mounted through a Y-direction screw mount 28, a Y-direction screw nut (not shown) on the Y-direction screw mount 28 remote from the second drive motor 21. The Y-direction screw 22 is located between the two Y-direction linear slide rails 27.

There is also a spindle device mounted on the Y-slide 18. The spindle device comprises a circular Z-guide rod 30, an end cap 31, an internally threaded nut 54, an externally threaded nut 55, a rotating shaft 32 which is only rotatable relative to the Z-guide rod 30, and a first rotating shaft 32. The rotor 33 and the first stator 34, the bearing 35, the bearing 19, and the first two of the U-shaped upper convex portion 25 and the U-shaped lower convex portion 26 of the Y-direction slide 18 are inserted through the Y-direction slide 18 The Z-direction linear slide rail 36 drives a Z-direction driving device in which the Z-guide rod 30 moves up and down. A Z-guide fixing portion 37 is symmetrically disposed on both sides of the Z-guide rod 30, and a center-step through hole 59 coaxial with the Z-guide rod 30 is provided in the Z-guide rod 30, and is fixed to the Z-guide fixing portion 37. There is a second Z-direction linear rail track 38, and a guide groove 39 that cooperates with the first Z-direction linear rail track 36 is provided on the second Z-direction linear rail track 38. A motor fixing plate 40 is fixed to the U-shaped upper convex portion 25. The first Z-direction linear rail track 36 and the second Z-direction linear rail track 38 pass through the Y-direction slide 18. A stepped aperture 49 and a stepped aperture 50 are provided in the end cap 31. A conductive ring 51 and a brush 52 are also included. The Z-direction drive unit includes a third drive motor 41, and a Z-direction lead screw 42 that drives the Z-guide rod 30 to move up and down. The shaft 32 includes a large shaft 44 that cooperates with the inner bore of the Z-guide rod 30, a stepped small shaft 45 extending from the top of the large shaft 44, and a small shaft 20 extending from the bottom of the large shaft 44. A center through hole 53 is provided in the rotating shaft 32. The bearing 35 is sleeved on the large end of the small shaft 45 and supported on the large shaft 44 to fit the outer periphery of the small end of the small shaft 45 and to fit the inner circumference of the large hole of the stepped through hole 59 of the guide rod 30. The first rotor 33 is fitted over the small end of the small shaft 45 to fit the outer periphery of the small end of the small shaft 45 and is supported on the bearing 35. The conductive ring 51 is sleeved on the small end of the small shaft 45 and fitted to the outer periphery of the small end of the small shaft 45 and supported on the first rotor 33. The small end of the small shaft 45 is provided with an external thread near the top end surface of the rotating shaft 32. The internal thread of the nut 54 is engaged with the external thread of the small end of the small shaft 45, and the end surface is in contact with the end surface of the conductive ring 51 to electrically connect the first rotor 33. The ring 51 is fixed to the rotating shaft 32 in order from bottom to top. The first stator 34 is mounted in the stepped aperture 49 of the end cap 31, the top end surface of the first stator 34 is in contact with the end surface of the stepped aperture 49, and the outer circumference is engaged with the inner circumference of the stepped aperture 49, the inner circumference and the A rotor 33 is fitted; an internal thread is provided on the bottom end surface of the stepped large hole 50 near the end cover 31; the inner diameter of the nut 55 is larger than the outer diameter of the first rotor 33, and the external thread of the nut 55 is matched with the internal thread of the stepped large hole 50, The end face is in contact with the bottom end surface of the first stator 34 to fix the first stator 34 in the end cap 31. The brush 52 is fixed in the end cap 31 and is in frictional contact with the conductive ring 51, and the conductive ring 51 is electrically connected to the motor mounted on the rotary shaft 32 via a wire. The end cap 31 is fixed to the top of the Z guide 30. The Z-direction screw nut 46 is fixed to the center of the end cap 31 and extends into the rotation shaft 32 to avoid the rotation shaft 32. The third driving motor 41 is mounted on the motor fixing plate 40, and one end of the Z-direction screw 30 is connected to the third driving motor 41 through the shaft coupling 47, and the other end of the Z-direction screw rod 30 passes through the motor fixing plate 40 and the Z-direction. The lead screw nut 46 cooperates and extends into the rotating shaft 32 to avoid the rotating shaft 32. The Z guide 30 passes through the Y-direction slide 18. The lower end of the rotating shaft 32 passes through the Z guide rod 30 and protrudes from the Z guide rod 30. The bearing 19 is mounted on the small shaft 20, the bottom end surface is supported on the bottom end surface of the large hole of the stepped through hole 59, and the top end surface and the large shaft 44 are The top end surface is fitted, the inner circumference is fitted to the outer circumference of the small shaft 20, and the outer circumference is fitted to the inner circumference of the stepped through hole 59. The main machining head 48 is mounted on the rotary shaft 32. When the motor 41 drives the screw 42 to rotate, the screw nut 46 moves up and down relative to the screw 42. Since the screw nut 46 is fixed to the end cover 31, the guide rod 32 is fixed to the end cover 31, so the guide rod 32 follows the screw rod 42. Rotate only up and down. The rotary shaft 32 is driven by the first stator 34 and the first rotor 33 to be rotatable only in the Z guide 32.

A swing seat 56 is fixed to the bottom of the Z guide rod 30, and includes a horizontal swing shaft 57 mounted on the swing seat 56 and a swing shaft motor 58 connected to the swing shaft 57. The main machining head 48 is mounted on the swing shaft 57. .

Example 2

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, unlike the first embodiment, the Y-direction carriage 70 includes a Y-slide base plate 71, from Y. The upper convex portion 72 that protrudes vertically upward toward the shoe bottom plate 71 is a lower convex portion 73 that protrudes vertically downward from the Y-seat bottom plate 71. A fixing plane 74 is provided on the outer side surfaces of the upper convex portion 72 and the lower convex portion 73, and a side convex portion 75 is provided on the fixing plane 74. The outer circumference of the Y-slide base plate 71 is square, and the upper convex portion 72 and the lower convex portion 73 are protruded from the periphery. A circular hole 78 and a square hole 79 penetrating the upper convex portion 72, the Y-direction sliding base plate 71, and the lower convex portion 73 are provided in the Y-direction slide 70, and the circular hole 78 is placed at the center position of the square hole 79, and the circular hole 78 is provided. The diameter is larger than the width of the square hole 79 and smaller than the length of the square hole 79.

The spindle device includes a Z-guide rod 80, an end cap 81, an internally threaded nut 82, an externally threaded nut 83, an externally threaded nut 84, a rotating shaft 85 that is only rotatable relative to the Z-guide rod 80, and a first rotor 86 that drives the rotating shaft 85 to rotate. The stator 87, the bearing 88, the bearing 89, and the two first Z-direction linear rail rails 90 fixed to the same side of the square hole 79 drive the Z-direction driving device in which the Z-guide rod 80 moves up and down. A Z-guide fixing portion 91 is symmetrically disposed on both sides of the Z-guide rod 80, and a center-step through hole 92 coaxial with the Z-guide rod 80 is provided in the Z-guide rod 80, and is fixed to the Z-guide fixing portion 91. There is a second Z-direction linear slide rail 93, and a guide groove 94 that cooperates with the first Z-direction linear slide rail 90 is provided on the second Z-direction linear slide rail 93. A motor fixing plate 100 is fixed to the upper convex portion 72. The first Z-direction linear rail track 90 and the second Z-direction linear rail track 93 pass through the Y-direction carriage 70. The Z-direction drive unit includes a third drive motor 95, a Z-direction lead screw 96 that drives the Z-guide rod 80 to move up and down, and a Z-direction lead screw nut 106. The rotating shaft 85 includes a large shaft 97 that cooperates with the inner hole of the Z-guide rod 80, a stepped small shaft 98 extending from the top of the large shaft 97, and a small shaft 99 extending from the bottom of the large shaft 97. A center through hole 101 is provided in the rotating shaft 85. The bearing 88 is sleeved on the large end of the small shaft 98 and supported on the large shaft 97 to fit the outer periphery of the small end of the small shaft 98 and cooperate with the inner circumference of the large hole of the stepped through hole 92 of the guide rod 80. An internal thread having an end portion in contact with the bearing and engaging with the nut 84 is provided in the through hole 92. The lower end surface of the nut 84 is in contact with the upper end surface of the bearing 88 and the bearing 88 is fixed to the rotating shaft 85. The first rotor 86 is fitted over the small end of the small shaft 98 to fit the outer periphery of the small end of the small shaft 98 and is supported on the large end of the small shaft 98. A conductive ring 102 and a brush 103 are also included. The conductive ring 102 is fitted over the small end of the small shaft 98 to the outer periphery of the small end of the small shaft 98 and is supported on the first rotor 86. The small end of the small shaft 98 is provided with an external thread near the top end surface of the rotating shaft 85. The internal thread of the nut 82 is matched with the external thread of the small end of the small shaft 98, and the end surface is in contact with the end surface of the conductive ring 102 to electrically connect the first rotor 86. The ring 102 is fixed to the rotating shaft 85 in order from bottom to top. The outer casing 76 of the first stator 87 is mounted in the large hole of the stepped through hole 92, and the bottom end surface is supported on the nut 84. The first stator 87 is mounted within the outer casing 76. An internal thread cooperating with the nut 83 is provided in the large hole of the stepped through hole 92, and the top end surface of the first stator 87 is in contact with the bottom end surface of the nut 83, and the outer circumference of the outer casing of the first stator 87 is larger than the stepped through hole 92. The inner circumference of the first stator 87 is engaged with the first rotor 86; the inner diameter of the nut 83 is larger than the outer diameter of the conductive ring 102. The brush 103 is fixed in the Z-guide bar 80 and is in frictional contact with the conductive ring 102. The conductive ring 102 is electrically connected to a spindle motor (not shown) and a swing shaft motor 105 mounted on the rotary shaft 85 by wires. The end cap 81 is fixed to the top of the Z guide 80. The Z-direction screw nut 106 is fixed at the center of the end cap 81 and extends into the Z-guide rod 80 and the rotating shaft 85, and is separated from the Z-guide rod 80 and the rotating shaft 85. The third driving motor 95 is mounted on the motor fixing plate 100, and one end of the Z-direction screw 96 is connected to the third driving motor 95 through the shaft coupling 107, and the other end of the Z-direction screw 96 passes through the motor fixing plate 100 and the Z-direction. The lead screw nut 106 cooperates and extends into the Z guide rod 80, the rotating shaft 85, and the Z guide rod 80 and the rotating shaft 85 to avoid the air. The Z guide 80 is mounted in the Y-direction carriage 70. The lower end of the rotating shaft 85 passes through the Z-guide rod 80 and protrudes from the Z-guide rod 80. The bearing 89 is mounted on the small shaft 99, the bottom end surface is supported on the bottom end surface of the intermediate hole of the stepped through hole 92, the top end surface is fitted to the top end surface of the large shaft 97, the outer circumference of the inner circumference and the small shaft 99 is fitted, the outer circumference and the step are The inner circumference of the through hole 92 is fitted.

Example 3

As shown in FIG. 8, different from the second embodiment, the Y-direction slide 120 includes a Y-direction slide bottom plate 121, and a circular tubular upper guide sleeve 122 that protrudes vertically from the Y-slide base plate 121, from the Y direction. The sliding bottom plate 121 protrudes downwardly from the circular tubular lower guiding sleeve 123, and the Y-direction sliding base plate 121 has a square outer circumference, and a circular tubular upper guiding sleeve 122 and a circular tubular lower guiding sleeve 123 are protruded from the periphery.

The spindle device includes a cylindrical Z-guide rod 126 that can move up and down, an end cover 127, a rotating shaft 128 that is mounted in the Z-guide rod 126 and rotatable only relative to the Z-guide rod 126, a bearing 132, a bearing 131, an externally threaded nut 134, and a drive. Turn The first rotor 129 and the first stator 130 that rotate the shaft 128, the internally threaded nut 135, and the Z-direction driving device that drives the Z-guide rod 126 to move up and down, the rotation preventing member 125. A rotation stop groove 133 that axially penetrates the Z guide rod 126 is disposed on the Z guide rod 126, and a rotation stop member 125 that cooperates with the rotation stop groove 133 is mounted in the lateral hole 124 of the circular tube shape upper guide sleeve 122. A center circular through hole 136 is provided in the Y-direction slide 120 to engage the Z-guide rod 126, and the Z-guide rod 126 is placed in the center circular through-hole 136.

Example 4

As shown in FIG. 9, different from the third embodiment, the spindle device includes a circular Z-guide bar 240 that can move up and down, and an end cover 241 that mounts a rotating shaft 242 in the Z-guide bar 240 that can only rotate relative to the Z-guide bar 240. The first rotor 243 and the first stator 244 that drive the rotation of the rotating shaft 242, the bearing 245, and the Z-direction driving device that drives the Z-guide rod 240 to move up and down, prevent the Z-guide rod 240 from rotating in the horizontal direction of the guide rod axis. A receiving groove 246 is formed on the top of the Z-guide bar 240 to communicate with the side surface of the Z-guide bar 240. The rotation-stopping structure includes a third rotation preventing block 248 and a fourth rotation preventing block 247 installed in the receiving groove 246. A third spring 249 is disposed between the third rotation stop block 248 and the fourth rotation stop block 247, and the end cover 241 limits the third rotation stop block 248 and the fourth rotation stop block 247 to the set range of the Z guide rod 240. The Z-guide sleeve 250 is provided with a rotation preventing groove 251. The third rotation preventing block 248 protrudes away from the side of the third spring 249. The outer circumference of the guiding rod 240 extends into the rotation preventing groove 251 to cooperate with the rotation preventing groove 251. A tightening screw 252 is also provided on the Z-guide sleeve 250, and the top screw 252 is tightened to the side of the fourth rotation preventing block 247 facing away from the third rotation preventing block 248.

The Z-direction screw nut 253 is fixed to the Z-guide 240. The third driving motor 254 is mounted on the motor fixing plate 255, and one end of the Z-direction screw 256 is connected to the third driving motor 254 through the shaft coupling 257, and the other end of the Z-direction screw 256 passes through the motor fixing plate 255 and the end cover. The 241 cooperates with the Z-thread nut 253 and extends into the inner through hole 267 of the rotating shaft 242 to avoid the rotating shaft 242.

The lower end of the rotating shaft 242 passes through the Z guide rod 240, and a swing seat 258 is integrally formed on the rotating shaft 242. The main shaft head 263 of the main machining head 259 is integrally formed in the pendulum 258, and a drive motor 260 for driving the pendulum shaft is mounted on the pendulum.

A conductive ring 264 is disposed on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft 242, and a wire receiving hole 265 communicating with the conductive ring 264 is disposed in the rotating shaft 242. A wire 266 is disposed in the wire receiving hole 265, and one end of the wire 266 is electrically connected to the conductive ring 264. The other end is electrically connected to the spindle motor and the stator mounted on the rotating shaft 242; the conductive ring 264 is electrically connected to a brush friction (not shown) electrically connected to the external power source, and the brush is fixed to the Z-guide 240.

Example 5

As shown in FIG. 10, unlike the first embodiment, the spindle device includes a Z-guide rod 270 with a central circular through hole (not shown) that can move up and down, an end cover 271, a fixing base 272, a swing seat 276, and a pendulum. The seat drive unit, the rotating shaft 279, the rotating shaft driving device, the first Z-direction linear slide rail 273, the second Z-direction linear slide rail 274, and the Z-direction driving device. The end cap 271 is fixed to the Z-guide rod 270, and the Z-direction screw nut 275 of the Z-direction drive unit is fixed to the end cap.

The holder 272 is fixed to the bottom end surface of the Z-guide 270. The seat 276 is U-shaped. The spindle drive includes a first rotor 277 and a first stator 278 that are fixed to the lower end of the mount 272 to drive the swing 276 to rotate. The shaft 279 is fixed to the top of the seat 276 and mounted in the first rotor 277.

A second rotor 280 and a second stator 281 are mounted on one side of the U-shaped projection of the seat 276. The main machining head 283 of the main machining head 282 is mounted in the U-shaped groove of the pendulum 276, and the other shaft 285 is mounted in the second rotor 280.

Example 6

As shown in Fig. 11, unlike the fourth embodiment, the circular tubular upper guide bush 291 is fixed to the Y-direction slide 292. Example 7

As shown in Fig. 12, unlike Embodiment 4, a blind hole (not shown) is provided on the side surface of the Z-guide rod 303. The rotation stop structure includes a third rotation stop block 302. A third spring 305 is disposed between the third rotation stop block 302 and the Z guide rod 303. The third spring 305 and the third rotation stop block are mounted on the blind hole (not shown). The third spring 305 is mounted between the bottom surface of the blind hole (not shown) and the third rotation stop block 302. The third rotation stop block 302 protrudes from the outer circumference of the Z-guide rod 303, and the Z-guide rod A rotator groove 304 that cooperates with the third rotation stop 302 block is disposed in the 303 mating guide hole (not shown).

Example 8

As shown in FIG. 13, a numerically controlled machine tool includes a base 320, a gantry 321, and a table 322. Two first rails that cooperate with each other are disposed between the base 320 and the table 322. The first rail includes two first linear slide rails 324 provided with balls on the base 320, and a first rail slide 325 fixed to the bottom surface of the table 322 to cooperate with the first linear slide rails 324. The table 322 is slidable back and forth along the first linear slide track 324.

A first driving device for driving the table 322 to move back and forth is also included; the first driving device includes a table driving motor 326, and the driving table 322 moves back and forth, and a table driving motor parallel to the first linear sliding track 324 A first lead screw 327 coupled to the motor shaft of 326 is coupled to a first lead screw nut (not shown) that is coupled to the first lead screw 327, and the first lead screw nut is fixed to a bottom surface of the table ₃₂₂ . The first screw 327 is located between the two first linear sliding tracks 324.

A first screw mounting seat 329 is fixed on the table 322 near the front and rear sides of the base 320. The table driving motor 326 is mounted on the outer side surface of the first screw mounting base 329, and the first screw rod 327 is driven away from the table. One end of the motor 326 passes through a first lead screw mount 329, a first lead nut (not shown), and is mounted on a first lead screw mount remote from the table drive motor 326.

Also included is a carriage 330 having a second rail disposed between the gantry 321 and the carriage 330. The second guide rail is a slide rail, and includes two second linear sliding rails 332 fixed on the gantry frame 321 and located on the same vertical plane, and fixed on the side of the sliding bracket 330 facing the gantry to cooperate with the second linear sliding rail 332. The second rail slide 333.

Also included is a second drive that drives the carriage 330 to move back and forth; the second drive includes a second drive motor 334 that drives the carriage 330 back and forth, a motor shaft that is parallel to the second rail and the second drive motor 334 The connected Y-direction screw 335 is a Y-direction screw nut 336 that cooperates with the Y-direction screw 335. The Y-direction screw nut 336 is mounted on the side of the carriage 330 facing the gantry 321 .

A Y-direction screw mounting seat 337 and a Y-direction screw mounting seat 339 are mounted on the side of the gantry 321 facing the sliding seat 330. The second driving motor 334 is mounted on the outer side surface of the Y-direction screw mounting seat 337, One end of the lead screw 335 away from the second drive motor 334 passes through the Y-direction screw mount 337, the Y-direction lead screw nut 336, and the Y-direction lead screw mount 339 remote from the second drive motor 334.

A Z-guide sleeve 338 is fixed to the side of the carriage 330 away from the gantry 321 . There is also a spindle unit mounted on the Z-guide sleeve 338. The structure of the spindle device is the same as that of the fourth embodiment.

Example 9

As shown in FIG. 14 , unlike the embodiment 8, the spindle device includes a circular Z-guide bar 350 that can move up and down, an end cover (not shown), and a Z-direction driving device that drives the Z-guide bar 350 to move up and down. The rotation preventing structure that prevents the Z guide rod 350 from rotating in the horizontal direction of the guide rod axis. The tool chuck 351 of the main machining head is directly mounted on the Z guide 350. Example 10

As shown in FIGS. 15 to 17, unlike the third embodiment, the Y-direction slide 360 includes a Y-direction slide plate 361, and a cylindrical guide sleeve 362 fixed to the top of the Y-direction slide plate 361, from the Y direction. The sliding plate 361 has a cylindrical lower convex portion 363 protruding vertically downward. A through hole 364 is provided in the Y-direction slide plate 361 and the lower convex portion 363. The Y-direction slide plate 361 has a square outer circumference, and a guide sleeve 362 and a lower convex portion 363 are protruded from the periphery.

The spindle device includes a Z-guide rod 370, an end cap 371, an externally threaded nut 372, an externally threaded nut 373, a bearing gland 374, a rotating shaft 375 that is only rotatable relative to the Z-guide rod 370, a first rotor 376 that drives the rotating shaft 375 to rotate, and a first The stator 377, the bearing 378, the bearing 379, and the Z-direction driving device that drives the Z-guide rod 370 to move up and down. A small hole 365, a middle hole 366, a middle hole 367, and a large hole 382 are formed in the Z guide bar 370 from the bottom to the top and from the small to the large to form a stepped through hole. A large hole 384 and a small hole 387 are formed in the bearing gland 374 to form a stepped through hole which is large and small. A conductive ring 392 and a brush 393 are also included. A motor fixing plate 390 is fixed to the guide bush 362. The Z-direction drive unit includes a third drive motor 385, a Z-direction lead screw 386 that drives the Z-guide rod 370 to move up and down, and a Z-direction screw nut 396. The rotating shaft 375 includes a small shaft 368 from the bottom to the top, a middle shaft 369, a large shaft 380, a middle shaft 381, Small axis 383. A center through hole 391 is provided in the rotating shaft 375. The bearing 378 is mounted on the outer circumference of the center shaft 381 with its bottom end surface in contact with the top end surface of the large shaft 380. The bearing 379 is mounted on the outer circumference of the center shaft 369. The conductive ring 392 is mounted on the outer circumference of the small shaft 383, and the bottom end surface thereof is in contact with the top end surface of the bearing 378. The first rotor 376 is mounted on the outer circumference of the small shaft 383, and its bottom end surface is in contact with the top end surface of the conductive ring 392. The first stator 377 is mounted outside the first rotor 376. The small shaft 368 extends into the through hole 364, and the bottom end surface of the bearing 379 is supported on the bottom surface of the middle hole 366. The outer circumference of the bearing 378 and the bearing 379 cooperate with the hole wall of the middle hole 366. The top surface of the large hole 384 of the bearing gland 374 is placed on the first rotor 376 and the first stator 377, and the bottom surface of the bearing gland 374 presses the bearing 378. A threaded hole that engages with the nut 372 and the nut 373 is provided in the large hole 382. The bearing gland 374 is mounted to the Z guide bar 370 by screwing the nut 372, the nut 373 into the threaded hole, thereby rotatably mounting the rotating shaft 368 in the Z guide bar 370. The brush 393 is fixed within the Z-guide rod 370 and is in frictional contact with the conductive ring 392. The end cap 371 is fixed to the top of the Z guide bar 370. The Z-direction screw nut 396 is fixed at the center of the end cover 371 and extends into the Z-guide rod 370 and the rotating shaft 375, and is evaded from the Z-guide rod 370 and the rotating shaft 375. The third driving motor 385 is mounted on the motor fixing plate 390, and one end of the Z-direction screw 386 is connected to the third driving motor 385 through the shaft coupling 397, and the other end of the Z-direction screw 386 passes through the motor fixing plate 390 and the Z-direction. The lead screw nut 396 cooperates and extends into the Z guide rod 370, the nut 372, the nut 373, the bearing gland 374, the rotating shaft 375, and the Z guide rod 370, the nut 372, the nut 373, the bearing gland 374, and the rotating shaft 375 to avoid the air. The Z guide 370 is mounted within the guide sleeve 362. The lower end of the rotating shaft 375 passes through the Z guide rod 370 and protrudes from the Z guide rod 370.

A swinging seat 398 is further disposed at a lower end of the rotating shaft 375; a second stator 399 is mounted in the swinging seat 398, and a second rotor 400 is coaxially mounted in the second stator 399, and a horizontally mounted horizontally is disposed in the second rotor 400. The oscillating shaft 401 of the direction, the main machining head 403 of the main machining head 404 and the oscillating shaft 401 are integrally formed. The conductive ring 392 is electrically connected to a spindle motor (not shown) and a second stator 399 mounted on the rotating shaft 375 via a wire 402 placed in the through hole 391.

The guide portion of the Z-guide rod 370 has a cylindrical shape; a rotation stop groove 405 is disposed on the outer circumference of the Z-guide rod 370, and a lateral stepped hole 409 is provided in the guide sleeve 362, and is disposed in the small hole of the stepped hole 409. A rotation preventing member 406 is provided which is movable back and forth in the small hole of the stepped hole 409. A fixing member 407 is fixed in the large hole of the stepped hole 409, and a compression spring 408 is disposed between the fixing member 407 and the rotation preventing member 406. The rotation of the Z-guide 370 is prevented by the rotation of the rotation preventing member 406 and the rotation preventing groove 405.

The motor 385 drives the screw 386 to rotate, so that the screw nut 396 moves up and down relative to the screw 386. Since the screw nut 396 is fixed to the end cover 371, the Z guide 370 is fixed to the end cover 371, so the Z guide 370 follows the wire. The lever 386 rotates only up and down. The shaft 375 is driven by the first stator 377 and the first rotor 376 to be rotatable only in the Z guide 370.

Example 11

As shown in FIG. 18, unlike the tenth embodiment, the Y-direction slide includes a Y-direction slide plate 421, and a cylindrical guide sleeve 422 extending vertically upward from the Y-direction slide plate 421, from the Y-direction slide The plate 421 has a cylindrical lower convex portion 423 that extends vertically downward.

The spindle device includes a Z-guide rod 424, an end cap 425, an externally threaded nut 426, an externally threaded nut 427, a bearing gland 428, a rotating shaft 429 which is only rotatable relative to the Z-guide rod 424, a hollow motor 430 that drives the rotating shaft 429 to rotate, and a bearing 431. The bearing 432 drives the Z-direction drive device in which the Z-guide rod 424 moves up and down. The top end of the conductive ring 433 is opposite the top surface of the large hole 434 of the bearing cover 428. The hollow motor 430 is mounted on the top surface of the bearing gland 428, and the motor shaft of the hollow motor 430 is coupled to the rotating shaft 429. A lead screw 435 extends into the hollow motor 430. The shaft 429 is driven to rotate by the hollow motor 430, and the shaft 429 is only rotatable relative to the Z-guide rod 424.

An axial wire receiving groove 437 is provided on the side of the rotating shaft 429, and one end is connected to the conductive ring 433, and the other end of the wire 438 connected to the motor on the rotating shaft 429 is placed in the wire receiving groove 437.

Example 12

As shown in FIG. 19, unlike the second embodiment, the bearing 442 supported on the end surface of the large shaft 441 of the rotating shaft is fixed by the bearing gland 443, and the bearing gland 443 passes through the nut 444 installed in the Z guide rod 440, Nut 445 solid Set. The shaft is driven by a hollow motor 446. The bottom end face of the conductive ring 447 is placed on the top end face of the large end of the stepped small shaft 448 of the rotary shaft, and the top end face faces the hollow motor 446. The hollow motor 446 is mounted on the top surface of the bearing gland 443, and the motor shaft of the hollow motor 446 is coupled to the rotating shaft. The lead screw 449 can extend into the hollow motor 446. The rotating shaft is driven to rotate by the hollow motor 446, and the rotating shaft is only rotatable relative to the Z-guide rod 440.

Example 13

As shown in Fig. 20, unlike the tenth embodiment, the independent insert 461, the insert 462, and the inlay are uniformly fixed in the circumferential direction in the inner hole of the cylindrical lower convex portion 465 of the Y-direction slide 460. Block 463. The Z insert 461, the insert 462, and the insert 463 form a concentric circumferential surface. The rotating shaft 464 is engaged with the inner peripheral surface of the insert 461, the insert 462, and the insert 463. A cooling flow passage 464 is provided in each of the insert 461, the insert 462, and the insert 463.

In the present invention, a cutter chuck may be provided on the main processing head, or the main processing head may be a paint head or a welding torch or a laser gun or a plasma cutting gun or a screw gun or a gas torch. When the milling cutter is mounted on the tool chuck, the milling function can be realized; when the grinding wheel is mounted on the tool chuck, the grinding function can be realized; when the file is mounted on the tool chuck The function of the boring can be realized; when the drill bit is mounted on the cutter chuck, the drilling function can be realized; when the main processing head is the spray head, the spraying function can be realized; when the main processing head is the welding gun, it can be realized The function of welding; when the main processing head is a laser gun, the function of laser cutting and laser welding can be realized; when the main processing head is a plasma cutting gun, the function of plasma cutting can be realized; when the main processing head is a screw gun, screw can be installed The function. Since the structure of the main processing head can adopt the existing structure, it will not be described one by one in the present invention.

Claims

Claim

1. A numerical control device, comprising a spindle device, a sliding seat for mounting a spindle device, a sliding seat driving device, a clamping workpiece device, a main machining head, wherein: the spindle device comprises a Z-guide rod, and the driving Z-guide rod moves up and down. Z-direction drive device; Z guide rod can only be installed with the slide seat up and down; further includes a rotary shaft mounted in the Z guide rod only rotatable relative to the Z guide rod, the rotary shaft driving device; the z-direction drive device includes a Z-direction a driving motor, a Z-direction screw connected to the motor shaft of the driving motor, and a screw nut matched with the Z-direction screw; a support portion is arranged upward on the sliding seat, and a motor mounting plate is arranged on the supporting portion, The driving motor is fixed on the motor mounting plate, and the end of the Z-direction screw away from the driving motor passes through the motor mounting plate; the screw nut is fixed with the z-guide rod, the main machining head is disposed under the Z-guide rod; and the outer circumference of the rotating shaft is provided with conductive a ring, on the rotating shaft, a wire receiving hole or a wire receiving groove communicating with the conductive ring, and a wire is disposed in the wire receiving hole or the wire receiving groove; at the lower end of the rotating shaft The pendulum shaft and the pendulum shaft driving device are mounted integrally on the pendulum seat, and the main machining head block of the main machining head is fixed on the pendulum shaft or integrally formed with the pendulum shaft; One end is electrically connected to the conductive ring, and the other end is electrically connected to a motor mounted on the rotating shaft; the conductive ring is frictionally and electrically connected with a brush electrically connected to the external power source, and the brush is fixed with the z-guide rod.

2. A numerical control device according to claim 1, wherein: the Z-guide rod and the rotating shaft cooperate with a hole having a stepped hole that is large and small, and a radial protruding portion is provided at an upper end of the rotating shaft. a lower bearing that is in contact with a bottom surface of the protruding portion of the rotating shaft and an upper bearing that is in contact with a top surface of the protruding portion of the rotating shaft are mounted in the large hole of the hole; the lower bearing is supported on the stepped hole, and the rotating shaft passes through the upper bearing and the lower bearing z Guide bar fit.

3. A numerical control device according to claim 1, wherein: the Z-guide rod and the rotating shaft are arranged with a stepped hole that is large and small, and a small shaft is arranged at both ends of the rotating shaft, and the stepped hole is large. The lower bearing of the lower end of the rotating shaft and the matching lower bearing and the upper bearing of the upper end of the rotating shaft are mounted in the hole; the lower bearing is supported on the stepped hole, and the rotating shaft is matched with the Z guide rod through the upper bearing and the lower bearing.

4. A numerical control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: a cooling flow path is further provided on the spindle device.

A numerical control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the rotary shaft driving means comprises a first rotor mounted on an outer circumference of the rotary shaft, and a first stator mounted in the Z guide rod to cooperate with the first rotor.

6. A numerical control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the swing shaft driving device comprises a second stator mounted in the swing seat, a second rotor mounted in the second stator; the swing shaft is coaxially mounted In the second rotor, the main processing head of the main machining head is fixed on the swing shaft or integrally formed with the swing shaft; the wire receiving hole or the wire in the electric wire receiving groove is away from the end of the conductive ring and the first The two stators are electrically connected.

7. The numerical control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: a Z-direction screw nut mounting plate is fixed on a top of the Z-guide rod, and a Z-direction screw nut is fixed at a center of the Z-direction screw nut mounting plate. The Z-direction drive motor, the Z-direction screw nut and the Z-guide rod are coaxial; the rotary shaft drive is mounted in the Z guide.

8. A numerical control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the rotary shaft driving device comprises a hollow motor, the hollow motor is fixed to the Z guide rod, and the upper end of the rotating shaft is coupled to the motor shaft of the hollow motor.

9. A numerical control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the swing shaft drive device comprises a drive motor; the swing shaft is coupled to the motor shaft of the drive motor, and the swing shaft is remote from the drive motor through the swing seat and the main machining. The headstocks are connected together.

10. The numerical control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: a fixed seat is further fixed at a lower end of the Z-guide rod; and the rotating shaft driving device comprises a first stator mounted at a lower end of the fixed seat, which is installed in the first fixed The first rotor of the sub-shaft is fixed to the main machining head block, and the rotating shaft is only rotatably mounted in the first rotor.

11. A numerical control apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein: said support portion is a tubular upper guide sleeve that cooperates with a Z guide rod; and is further disposed below the slide seat Z-guide rod-fitted tubular lower guide sleeve; in the upper guide sleeve, the slide seat and the lower guide sleeve, a guide hole penetrating through the z-guide rod is provided, and the Z-guide rod is vertically movable in the guide hole, the motor The mounting plate seals the top of the guide hole of the guide sleeve.

12. A numerical control device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: two first Z-direction linear guide rails are fixed in the sliding seat, and symmetrically convex on both sides of the Z-guide rod The Z-guide-to-fixing portion is fixed to the Z-guide-to-fixing portion with a second Z-direction linear guide rail that is engaged with the corresponding first Z-direction linear guide rail.

13. A numerical control apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein: the guiding portion of the Z-guide rod is cylindrical; the Z-guide rod is provided with a rotation preventing groove, and the sliding seat is provided on the sliding seat. The Z guide sleeve matched with the Z guide rod is provided with a rotation stop structure for preventing the Z guide rod from rotating horizontally along the guide rod axis between the Z guide sleeve and the z guide rod.

14. The numerical control apparatus according to claim 11, wherein: the rotation stop structure comprises a rotation stop block, and a horizontal through hole for receiving the rotation stop block is disposed on a side of the Z guide sleeve. An end of the receiving through hole facing the outer side of the Z-guide sleeve is provided with a resisting member, and a spring is arranged between the stopping block and the abutting member; and a rotation stop groove for supporting the rotation preventing block on the side of the Z-guide rod, the rotation preventing block The guiding hole protruding from the Z guide rod protrudes into the rotation preventing groove.

A numerical control apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: the Z-direction screw nut is fixed on the Z-guide rod; and the Z-guide rod is prevented from rotating horizontally along the axis of the guide rod. a rotation stop structure; the rotation stop structure includes a rotation stop block, and a receiving portion for accommodating the rotation stop block is arranged on the Z guide rod, and a return spring is arranged between the rotation stop block and the Z guide rod; the rotation stop block protrudes z guide The outer circumference of the rod is provided with a rotation preventing groove that cooperates with the third rotation preventing block in the guide hole that cooperates with the Z guide rod.

16. A numerical control apparatus according to claim 15, wherein: said receiving portion is a blind hole disposed on a side of the Z-guide rod, and the third spring is mounted on a bottom surface of the blind hole and a third rotation preventing block Between the third stop block and the side of the spring protruding from the side of the Z guide rod cooperates with the rotation stop groove.

17. The numerical control apparatus according to claim 15, wherein: the accommodating groove is disposed at the top of the Z-guide rod and communicates with the side of the Z-guide rod; and the rotation-stopping structure further includes the fourth rotation preventing block, The third spring is disposed between the third rotation stop block and the fourth rotation stop block, and the third spring is disposed, and the end cover limits the third rotation stop block and the fourth rotation rotation block to the setting range of the Z guide rod Internal movement; the third rotation block protrudes from the outer circumference of the Z guide rod and cooperates with the rotation stop groove.

The numerical control device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein: the supporting portion provided on the sliding block is an upper guiding sleeve matched with the Z guiding rod, and is further disposed downward on the sliding seat. There is a lower guide sleeve; the motor mounting plate seals the top of the guide hole of the guide sleeve; the Z guide rod and the Z-direction drive device are installed in the Z-guide sleeve; the guide sleeve is provided with a guide insert, and the rotary shaft cooperates with the guide insert.