WO2013035475A1 - 熱媒体加熱装置およびそれを備えた車両用空調装置 - Google Patents
熱媒体加熱装置およびそれを備えた車両用空調装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013035475A1 WO2013035475A1 PCT/JP2012/070107 JP2012070107W WO2013035475A1 WO 2013035475 A1 WO2013035475 A1 WO 2013035475A1 JP 2012070107 W JP2012070107 W JP 2012070107W WO 2013035475 A1 WO2013035475 A1 WO 2013035475A1
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- heat medium
- inlet
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- heat exchanger
- flat
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/2215—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters
- B60H1/2225—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters arrangements of electric heaters for heating air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
- F24H1/12—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium
- F24H1/14—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form
- F24H1/142—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form using electric energy supply
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/2215—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters
- B60H1/2221—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters arrangements of electric heaters for heating an intermediate liquid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/0072—Special adaptations
- F24H1/009—Special adaptations for vehicle systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
- F24H9/001—Guiding means
- F24H9/0015—Guiding means in water channels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
- F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
- F24H9/1818—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
- F24H9/1827—Positive temperature coefficient [PTC] resistor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
- B60H2001/2228—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant controlling the operation of heaters
- B60H2001/2231—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant controlling the operation of heaters for proper or safe operation of the heater
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
- B60H2001/2268—Constructional features
- B60H2001/2271—Heat exchangers, burners, ignition devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
- B60H2001/2268—Constructional features
- B60H2001/2278—Connectors, water supply, housing, mounting brackets
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
- F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
- F24H3/06—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators
- F24H3/08—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by tubes
- F24H3/081—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by tubes using electric energy supply
- F24H3/085—The tubes containing an electrically heated intermediate fluid, e.g. water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
- F28D1/0308—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other
- F28D1/0325—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
- F28D1/0333—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having integrated connecting members
- F28D1/0341—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having integrated connecting members with U-flow or serpentine-flow inside the conduits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/022—Heaters specially adapted for heating gaseous material
- H05B2203/023—Heaters of the type used for electrically heating the air blown in a vehicle compartment by the vehicle heating system
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat medium heating device that heats a heat medium using a PTC heater, and a vehicle air conditioner including the same.
- Patent Document 1 provides a plurality of partition walls that divide the inside of the housing having the heat medium inlet and outlet into a heating chamber and a heat medium circulation chamber, and is partitioned by the partition walls.
- a PTC heating element is inserted and installed on the side of the heating chamber so as to be in contact with the partition wall, and the heating medium flowing through the circulation chamber side is heated across the partition wall.
- a PTC heater is configured by providing an electrode plate, an insulating layer, and a heat transfer layer on both sides of a PTC element, and an inlet and an outlet for a heat medium are provided on both sides of the PTC heater.
- a heat medium heating device having a laminated structure in which a pair of heat medium flow boxes communicated with each other and a substrate housing box for housing a control board and a lid are provided on the outer surface of the heat medium circulation box is provided. .
- Patent Document 1 it is difficult to insert and install the PTC heating element in close contact between the partition walls serving as the heat transfer surfaces, and the contact thermal resistance between the partition walls and the PTC heating element increases, and the heat transfer efficiency decreases. There was a problem.
- the adhesiveness of a PTC heater and a heat carrier distribution box can be improved and a contact thermal resistance can be reduced, since it is difficult to arrange
- a heat medium distribution box and a dedicated substrate storage box are required, and there is a limit to reduction in size and weight and cost.
- a heat medium heating apparatus which uses a heat exchange tube having a flat structure and incorporates a heat exchange element in which the flat heat exchange tube and a PTC heater are laminated in multiple layers in a casing.
- a laminated heat exchange element (cooler)
- a cooling medium inlet / outlet pipe is connected to the heat exchange tube arranged on one end side in the lamination direction of the heat exchange tubes laminated in multiple layers, and arranged on the other end side.
- Patent Document 3 discloses that a temperature detector is installed in the heat exchanger tube so that the disturbance can be eliminated and the temperature of the cooling medium can be detected accurately.
- the temperature sensor in the case where the temperature sensor is provided on the heat exchange tube arranged on the other end side with respect to the heat exchange tube connected to the refrigerant inlet / outlet pipe, the temperature sensor can be easily attached, and further, through the tube wall. Since the temperature of the cooling medium can be detected, the temperature detection accuracy can be improved.
- a refrigerant inlet / outlet pipe is connected. Even if the temperature of the heat exchanger tube arranged on the other end side with respect to the heat exchanger tube can be accurately detected, the representative temperature of the heat medium flowing through the laminated heat exchange element cannot be accurately detected. There was a problem.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and is a heating medium heating device in which a flat heat exchange tube and a PTC heater are laminated in multiple layers, regardless of ON / OFF of the PTC heater, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat medium heating device capable of accurately and accurately detecting the temperature of the circulating heat medium and a vehicle air conditioner equipped with the heat medium heating device.
- the heat medium heating device of the present invention and the vehicle air conditioner including the same employ the following means. That is, in the heat medium heating device according to the first aspect of the present invention, the inlet header portion and the outlet header portion are arranged in parallel on one end side, and the heat medium flowing in from the inlet header portion is the U-turn portion on the other end side.
- the flat heat exchanger tube provided with the outlet / inlet header portion and the PTC heater are laminated in multiple layers, and the heat medium inlet passage and the heat medium outlet passage communicate with the outlet / inlet header portion.
- An inlet temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the heat medium around the inlet header portion and the outlet header portion of the flat bottom heat exchanger tube laminated in a multilayer structure And an outlet temperature sensor. For this reason, it flows into the flat heat exchanger tube from the heat medium inlet passage through the inlet header portion, and is heated by the PTC heater while flowing through the plurality of flat heat exchanger tubes stacked in multiple layers.
- the inlet temperature and outlet temperature of the heat medium flowing out from the heat medium outlet passage can be detected at the outlet / inlet header position of the flat bottom heat exchanger tube, which is the position most representative of each temperature. That is, by detecting the inlet temperature of the heat medium at the inlet header portion of the lowermost flat heat exchanger tube, it can be detected in the lowest state before heating. On the other hand, by detecting the outlet temperature of the heat medium at the outlet header portion of the flat bottom heat exchanger tube, it can be detected in the highest state after heating. Therefore, the temperature of the heat medium can be accurately and accurately detected, and the controllability of the heat medium heating device can be improved by controlling the heat medium heating device and the like based on the temperature.
- the inlet temperature sensor and the outlet temperature sensor are arranged at one end of the flat heat exchanger tube in which the inlet header portion and the outlet header portion are arranged in parallel.
- the space part between the said inlet header part and the said outlet header part may be arranged in parallel.
- the inlet temperature sensor and the outlet temperature sensor are formed on the one end side of the flat heat exchanger tube in which the inlet header portion and the outlet header portion are arranged side by side. It is installed side by side in the space part. For this reason, two inlet temperature sensors and outlet temperature sensors can be installed adjacent to each other between the inlet header portion and the outlet header portion. Accordingly, the installation of the inlet temperature sensor and the outlet temperature sensor, the processing of the lead wires, and the like can be facilitated, and the assemblability of the two temperature sensors can be improved.
- the space portion may be provided with a slit for blocking heat conduction between the installation portion of the inlet temperature sensor and the installation portion of the outlet temperature sensor.
- the slit for blocking heat conduction is provided between the installation part of the inlet temperature sensor and the installation part of the outlet temperature sensor in the space part. For this reason, the heat conduction between the installation part of the inlet temperature sensor and the installation part of the outlet temperature sensor can be blocked by the slit. Therefore, even if two temperature sensors are arranged adjacent to each other, the temperature interference can be prevented, and the temperature of the heat medium can be accurately and accurately detected by each temperature sensor.
- the vehicle air conditioner according to the second aspect of the present invention is configured such that the heat medium heated by the heat medium heating device can be circulated with respect to the radiator disposed in the air flow path.
- the heat medium heating device is any one of the heat medium heating devices described above.
- the heat medium circulated with respect to the radiator disposed in the air flow path can be heated and circulated by the heat medium heating device with improved controllability. . Therefore, the temperature controllability by the vehicle air conditioner, particularly the temperature controllability during heating, can be improved and comfortable air conditioning can be performed.
- the PTC heater flows into the flat heat exchanger tube from the heat medium inlet channel through the inlet header portion and flows through the plurality of flat heat exchanger tubes stacked in multiple layers.
- the inlet / outlet header position of the flat bottom heat exchanger tube at the bottom layer which is the position most representative of the inlet temperature and outlet temperature of the heat medium that is heated and flows out of the heat medium outlet passage through the outlet header sectioncan be detected. That is, by detecting the inlet temperature of the heat medium at the inlet header portion of the lowermost flat heat exchanger tube, it can be detected in the lowest state before heating.
- the outlet temperature of the heat medium at the outlet header portion of the flat bottom heat exchanger tube it can be detected in the highest state after heating. Therefore, the temperature of the heat medium can be accurately and accurately detected, and the controllability of the heat medium heating device can be improved by controlling the heat medium heating device and the like based on the temperature.
- the heat medium circulated to the radiator disposed in the air flow path is heated and circulated by the heat medium heating apparatus with improved controllability. be able to. For this reason, the temperature controllability by the vehicle air conditioner, particularly the temperature controllability during heating, can be improved, and comfortable air conditioning can be performed.
- FIG. 1 It is a schematic block diagram of the vehicle air conditioner provided with the heat-medium heating device which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view for demonstrating the assembly procedure of the heat medium heating apparatus shown in FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional equivalent view along the heat-medium entrance path (or heat-medium exit path) of the heat-medium heating apparatus shown in FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the lamination
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle air conditioner including a heat medium heating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the vehicle air conditioner 1 is provided with a casing 3 that forms an air flow passage 2 for taking outside air or vehicle interior air and adjusting the temperature thereof, and then guiding it to the vehicle interior.
- a blower 4 that sucks and pressurizes outside air or passenger compartment air in order from the upstream side to the downstream side of the air flow passage 2 and pumps it to the downstream side, and is pumped by the blower 4.
- an air mix damper 7 that adjusts the temperature of the temperature-controlled air by installing the air mix on the downstream side thereof.
- the downstream side of the casing 3 is connected to a plurality of outlets for blowing out temperature-controlled air into the vehicle compartment via an outlet mode switching damper and a duct (not shown).
- the cooler 5 constitutes a refrigerant circuit together with a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, etc., not shown, and cools the air passing therethrough by evaporating the refrigerant adiabatically expanded by the expansion valve.
- the radiator 6 constitutes a heat medium circulation circuit 10A together with the tank 8, the pump 9 and the heat medium heating device 10, and a heat medium (for example, antifreeze liquid, hot water, etc.) heated to a high temperature by the heat medium heating device 10 is used. By circulating through the pump 9, the air passing therethrough is heated.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view for explaining an assembly procedure of the heat medium heating device 10 shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 shows a heat medium inlet channel (or heat) of the heat medium heating device 10.
- FIG. 3 shows a heat medium inlet channel (or heat) of the heat medium heating device 10.
- the heat medium heating device 10 includes a control substrate 13, a plurality of electrode plates 14 (see FIG. 3), and a plurality of semiconductor switching devices such as IGBTs disposed on the control substrate 13.
- the element 12 see FIG. 3
- the heat exchanger pressing member 16 a plurality of (for example, three) flat heat exchanger tubes 17, a plurality of sets of PTC elements 18a (see FIG. 3), and their control boards 13 ,
- the electrode plate 14, the PTC element 18a, the insulating member (not shown), and the like constitute the PTC heater 18.
- the casing 11 is divided into an upper half and a lower half, and includes an upper case (not shown) that constitutes the upper half and a lower case 11a that constitutes the lower half.
- the control board 13, the semiconductor switching element 12, the electrode plate 14, and the heat exchanger pressing member are mounted by placing the upper case on the opening 11b of the lower case 11a from above the lower case 11a. 16, a space for accommodating a plurality of flat heat exchanger tubes 17 and a plurality of sets of PTC heaters 18 is formed.
- a heat medium inlet channel 11c for guiding the heat medium introduced into the three stacked flat heat exchanger tubes 17 and a heat medium flowing through the flat heat exchanger tubes 17 are derived.
- the heat medium outlet passage 11d is integrally formed.
- the heat medium inlet path 11c and the heat medium outlet path 11d extend in parallel to each other in the same horizontal direction from the bottom surface of the lower case 11a, and project laterally from one end of the lower case 11a.
- the upper case and the lower case 11a are formed of a resin material (for example, PPS) having a linear expansion similar to that of the aluminum alloy material constituting the flat heat exchanger tube 17 accommodated in the internal space.
- PPS resin material
- a hole for power harness and a hole for LV harness (both not shown) for opening through the front ends of the power harness 27 and the LV harness 28 are opened on the lower surface of the lower case 11a.
- the power supply harness 27 supplies power to the PTC heater 18 via the control board 13 and the semiconductor switching element 12, and the two power supply harnesses provided on the control board 13 are branched at the front end portion into a bifurcated shape.
- the terminal block 13c can be screwed via an electrode harness connecting screw 13b.
- the LV harness 28 transmits a control signal to the control board 13, and a tip end portion thereof is connectable to the control board 13.
- the semiconductor switching element 12 and the control board 13 constitute a control system that performs energization control for a plurality of sets of PTC heaters 18 based on a command from a host control unit (ECU), and includes a plurality of semiconductor switching devices such as IGBTs.
- the energization state for the plurality of sets of PTC heaters 18 can be switched via the element 12.
- a plurality of flat heat exchanger tubes 17 are stacked so as to sandwich the plurality of sets of PTC heaters 18 from both sides.
- the flat heat exchanger tube 17 is a tube made of an aluminum alloy material. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the flat heat exchanger tubes 17 in the lower, middle, and upper stages are arranged so that the three flat heat exchanger tubes 17 are parallel to each other. The heat exchange tubes 17c, 17b, and 17a are stacked in this order. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, these flat heat exchanger tubes 17 have an inlet header portion 21 and an outlet header portion 22 arranged in parallel at one end portion of the flat tube portion 20, and a heat medium flow at the other end portion. A U-turn part 23 for making a U-turn is formed, and a U-turn flow path 24 is formed in the flat tube part 20 from the inlet header part 21 through the U-turn part 23 to the outlet header part 22. .
- the flat heat exchanger tube 17 is formed by superposing a pair of thin molded plate members 25a and 25b made of an aluminum alloy material, in which the flat tube portion 20, the inlet header portion 21, and the outlet header portion 22 are integrally formed, and brazed and joined. is there.
- the thickness direction dimension of the inlet header part 21 and the outlet header part 22 is made thicker than the thickness direction dimension of the flat tube part 20 which forms the U-turn flow path 24, and the three flat heat exchanger tubes 17a. , 17b, 17c, a gap having a predetermined dimension is formed between the flat tube portions 20.
- each flat heat exchanger tube 17 is laminated
- the provided communication holes 21a and 22a communicate with each other.
- each of the communication holes 21a and 22a is sealed by a sealing material 26 (in this example, an O-ring is used) such as an O-ring, a gasket, and a liquid gasket disposed around the communication holes 21a and 22a. It has become.
- the sealing material (O-ring) 26 is formed between the inlet / outlet header portions 21 and 22 of the flat heat exchanger tube 17a and the flat heat exchanger tube 17b, between the inlet / outlet header portions 21 and 22 of the flat heat exchanger tube 17b and the flat heat exchanger tube 17c, and Between the inlet / outlet header portions 21 and 22 of the flat heat exchanger tube 17c and the inner bottom surface of the lower case 11a, around the communication holes 21a and 22a on the molding plate member 25b side constituting the flat heat exchanger tubes 17b and 17c, and the inner bottom surface of the lower case 11a The sealing material 26 is formed at a location where the sealing material 26 is formed.
- the lowermost flat heat exchanger tube 17 c flows into the heat medium heating device 10 from the heat medium inlet passage 11 c, and the inlet header portion 21 has three sheets.
- the temperature of the heat medium before being divided into the flat heat exchanger tubes 17a, 17b, and 17c, and the three heat exchanger tubes 17a, 17b, and 17c are circulated and heated by the PTC heater 18 at the outlet header portion 22.
- an inlet temperature sensor 29 and an outlet temperature sensor 30 for detecting the temperature of the heat medium flowing out from the heat medium heating device 10 are provided.
- the inlet temperature sensor 29 and the outlet temperature sensor 30 include an inlet header portion 21 and an outlet header portion 22 that are arranged in parallel on one end side of the flat bottom heat exchanger tube 17 c. It is the circumference
- the space portion 31 includes an inlet side sensor installation portion 31 a where the inlet temperature sensor 29 is installed on the inlet header portion 21 side, and an outlet where the outlet temperature sensor 30 is installed on the outlet header portion 22 side.
- the side sensor installation portion 31b is partitioned by a heat conduction blocking slit 32 provided therebetween.
- the inlet side sensor installation part 31a and the outlet side sensor installation part 31b are provided with sensor mounting holes 33 and 34, respectively, and through the sensor mounting holes 33 and 34, as shown in FIGS.
- the temperature sensor 29 and the outlet temperature sensor 30 are fixed with bolts and nuts.
- Two lead wires 29 a and 30 a are extended from the inlet temperature sensor 29 and the outlet temperature sensor 30, and are connected to the control board 13 via the connector 35.
- the electrode plate 14 is for supplying power to the PTC element 18a, and is a plate made of aluminum alloy having a rectangular shape in plan view.
- One electrode plate 14 is laminated on both sides of the PTC element 18a so as to be in contact with the upper surface of the PTC element 18a and one electrode plate is in contact with the lower surface of the PTC element 18a.
- positioned at the upper surface side of the PTC element 18a is arrange
- positioned at the lower surface side of the PTC element 18a The plate 14 is disposed such that its lower surface is in contact with the upper surface of the flat heat exchanger tube 17 via an insulating member.
- the electrode plate 14 is provided between the lower flat heat exchanger tube 17c and the middle flat heat exchanger tube 17b, and between the middle flat heat exchanger tube 17b and the upper flat heat exchanger tube 17a. Two sheets, a total of four sheets, are arranged, and the PTC heaters 18 are stacked between the flat tube portions 20 of the three flat heat exchanger tubes 17 in a state of being sandwiched between these electrode plates 14. ing.
- Each of the four electrode plates 14 has substantially the same shape as the flat tube portion 20 of each flat heat exchanger tube 17.
- Each electrode plate 14 is provided with a terminal 14a (see FIG. 2) on its long side, and this terminal 14a is arranged in the long side direction of the electrode plate 14 so as not to overlap each other when the electrode plates 14 are stacked.
- the terminals 14a provided on each electrode plate 14 are provided with their positions slightly shifted in the long side direction, and are provided so as to be arranged in series when the electrode plates 14 are stacked.
- Each terminal 14a is provided so as to protrude upward, and is connected to a terminal block 13a provided on the control board 13 via a terminal connection screw 14b.
- the substrate subassembly 15 is integrated by sandwiching the control substrate 13 and the heat exchanger pressing member 16 with an insulating sheet or the like and fastening them, for example, via four substrate subassembly connection screws 15a.
- the semiconductor switching element 12 such as an IGBT provided on the control board 13 is a heat generating component, and the heat generation is a heat penetration provided in the control board 13 corresponding to the installation portion of the semiconductor switching element 12. The heat is radiated to the heat exchanger pressing member 16 side through the portion, and is cooled by the heat medium flowing through the flat heat exchanger tube 17.
- each terminal block 13 a and the terminal block 13c for power harnesses are arrange
- each terminal block 13a and power harness terminal block 13c provided on the control board 13 are provided so as to be positioned slightly above the opening 11b of the lower case 11a.
- the terminal 14a of the electrode plate 14 connected to each terminal block 13a and the power harness terminal block 13c and the tip of the power harness 27 are easily fixed.
- the heat exchanger pressing member 16 constituting the substrate subassembly 15 is a flat aluminum alloy plate material in plan view.
- the control board 13 is disposed on the upper surface of the heat exchanger pressing member 16.
- the heat exchanger pressing member 16 has a size capable of covering the flat tube portion 20 of each flat heat exchanger tube 17 and the upper surfaces of the inlet / outlet header portions 21 and 22, and the four corner portions thereof. Are provided with through holes 16a through which board subassembly fixing screws 15b for fixing the heat exchanger pressing member 16 to the boss portion 11e of the lower case 11a are passed.
- the substrate subassembly 15 is placed on the upper surface of the stacked upper flat heat exchanger tube 17a, and the lower surface of the heat exchanger pressing member 16 is connected to the flat tube portion 20 and the inlet / outlet header portions 21 and 22 of the upper flat heat exchanger tube 17a. It is arrange
- the board subassembly 15 is formed by laminating the flat heat between the lower surface of the heat exchanger pressing member 16 and the inner bottom surface of the lower case 11a by fixing the heat exchanger pressing member 16 to the lower case 11a with screws as described above.
- the flat tube portions 20 of the exchange tubes 17a, 17b, and 17c and the two PTC heaters 18 sandwiched therebetween are pressed and brought into close contact with each other, and the inlet / outlet header portions 21 and 22 of the flat heat exchange tubes 17 are also pressed.
- the seal material (in this example, an O-ring) 26 disposed around the communication holes 21a and 22a provided in the contact hole 21a and 22a is brought into close contact and tightened and fixed.
- the heat medium flowing in from the heat medium inlet channel 11 c is introduced from the inlet header portion 21 of each flat heat exchanger tube 17 into the flat tube portion 20, and passes through the U-turn flow path 24 of the flat tube portion 20.
- the PTC heater 18 heats and raises the temperature to reach the outlet header portion 22, and circulates in the flow path that flows out from the outlet header portion 22 through the heat medium outlet passage 11 d. Yes.
- the heat medium flowing out from the heat medium heating device 10 is configured to be supplied to the radiator 6 through the heat medium circulation circuit 10A (see FIG. 1).
- the heat exchanger pressing member 16 constituting the substrate subassembly 15 is made of an aluminum alloy material having good thermal conductivity, and its lower surface is in contact with the upper surface of the uppermost flat heat exchanger tube 17a. It is configured. Thereby, the heat exchanger pressing member 16 uses the heat medium flowing in the flat heat exchanger tube 17 as a cold heat source as described above, and cools the semiconductor switching element 12 such as an IGBT installed on the control board 13. It can also function as a heat sink.
- the heat medium heating device 10 can incorporate three flat heat exchanger tubes 17a, 17b, 17c and two sets of upper and lower PTC heaters 18 into the lower case 11a as follows. First, the sealing material 26 is arranged around the openings of the heat medium inlet passage 11c and the heat medium outlet passage 11d opened on the inner bottom surface of the lower case 11a, and the flat bottom heat exchanger tube 17c on the lowermost layer is placed thereon. . At this time, the inlet / outlet temperature sensors 29 and 30 can be incorporated at the same time by sub-assembling the inlet temperature sensor 29 and the outlet temperature sensor 30 in advance in the lowermost flat heat exchanger tube 17c.
- the PTC heater 18 and the sealing material 26 are arranged on the upper surface of the lowermost flat heat exchanger tube 17c, the middle flat heat exchanger tube 17b is overlaid thereon, and further the PTC is disposed on the upper surface of the middle flat heat exchanger tube 17b.
- the heater 18 and the sealing material 26 are arranged, and the upper flat heat exchanger tube 17a is overlapped thereon, whereby the three flat heat exchanger tubes 17a, 17b, 17c and the two upper and lower PTC heaters 18 are connected to the entrance / exit header.
- the sealing material 26 is interposed around the communication holes 21 a and 22 a of the 21 and 22, and can be stacked and assembled in multiple layers.
- the substrate subassembly 15 is mounted on the upper surface of the uppermost flat heat exchanger tube 17a.
- the heat exchanger pressing member 16 of the assembly 15 to the boss portion 11e of the lower case 11a via four fixing screws 15b, the flat tube portions 20 of the three flat heat exchanger tubes 17a, 17b, and 17c
- the three sealing members 26 arranged around the communication holes 21a and 22a of the PTC heaters 18 and the inlet / outlet headers 21 and 22 are assembled in the lower case 11a in a state where they are brought into close contact with each other by the pressing force of the heat exchanger pressing member 16. be able to.
- the terminal of the power harness 27 and the terminal 14a of the electrode plate 14 are fixed to the terminal blocks 13a and 13c of the control board 13 provided on the upper surface of the heat exchanger pressing member 16 via screws 13b and 14b.
- the LV harness 28 and lead wires 29a and 30a of the inlet / outlet temperature sensors 29 and 30 are connected by connectors to connect the electrical system, and finally an upper case (not shown) is attached to the lower case 11a so as to cover the upper part.
- the heat medium heating device 10 can be assembled by fixing with screws.
- the heat medium heating device 10 divides the heat medium flowing into the inlet header portion 21 through the heat medium inlet passage 11c by the inlet header portion 21 with respect to the three flat heat exchanger tubes 17a, 17b, and 17c. And then heated by a plurality of sets of PTC heaters 18, merged at the outlet header 22, and flowed out through the heat medium outlet passage 11 d, thereby causing the inside of the heat medium circulation circuit 10 ⁇ / b> A of the vehicle air conditioner 1 to flow. It can use for the heating of the circulating heat medium.
- the temperature of the heat medium that is circulated with respect to the heat medium heating device 10 and the temperature of the heat medium that is heated by the heat medium heating device 10 and supplied to the radiator 6 are set in the lowermost flat heat exchanger tube 17c. It can be detected by a pair of inlet temperature sensor 29 and outlet temperature sensor 30 disposed around the inlet header portion 21 and the outlet header portion 22, and the heating amount by a plurality of sets of PTC heaters 18 based on the detected temperature It is possible to control the heating medium heating device 10 such as controlling
- the flat heat exchanger tubes 17a, 17b, 17c provided with the inlet / outlet header portions 21 and 22 and the PTC heater 18 are laminated in multiple layers, and the heat is communicated with the outlet / inlet header portions 21 and 22.
- the heat medium heating device 10 incorporated in a casing 11 having a medium inlet passage 11c and a heat medium outlet passage 11d an inlet header portion 21 and an outlet header portion of a flat bottom heat exchanger tube 17c stacked in multiple layers
- An inlet temperature sensor 29 and an outlet temperature sensor 30 for detecting the temperature of the heat medium are disposed around the heat medium 22.
- the flow is divided into three flat heat exchanger tubes 17a, 17b, and 17c from the heat medium inlet passage 11c through the inlet header portion 21, and the three flat heat exchanger tubes 17a, 17b, and 17c stacked in multiple layers are provided.
- the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the heat medium flowing out from the heat medium outlet passage 11d are the positions most representative of the respective temperatures. It can be detected at the position of the inlet header portion 21 and the outlet header portion 22 of a flat bottom heat exchanger tube 17c in the lowermost layer.
- the inlet temperature of the heat medium by detecting the inlet temperature of the heat medium with the inlet header portion 21 of the flat bottom heat exchanger tube 17c in the lowermost layer, it can be detected in the lowest state before heating, while the outlet temperature of the heat medium is detected in the lowermost layer.
- the exit header part 22 of the flat heat exchanger tube 17c of this it can detect in the highest state after a heating. Therefore, the temperature of the heat medium flowing into and out of the heat medium heating device 10 can be accurately and accurately detected, and the heat medium heating device 10 and the like are controlled based on the temperature, whereby the heat medium heating device 10 controllability can be improved.
- the inlet temperature sensor 29 and the outlet temperature sensor 30 are connected to the inlet header portion 21 on one end side of the flat heat exchanger tube 17c in which the inlet header portion 21 and the outlet header portion 22 are arranged in parallel. Since it is arranged in parallel in the space portion 31 between the outlet header portion 22, the two inlet temperature sensors 29 and the outlet temperature sensor 30 are installed adjacent to each other between the inlet header portion 21 and the outlet header portion 22. Can do. Accordingly, the installation of the inlet temperature sensor 29 and the outlet temperature sensor 30, the processing of the lead wires 29a and 30a, and the like can be facilitated, and the assemblability of the two temperature sensors 29 and 30 can be improved.
- a slit 32 for blocking heat conduction is provided between the installation part 31 a of the inlet temperature sensor 29 and the installation part 31 b of the outlet temperature sensor 30 in the space part 31. For this reason, the heat conduction between the installation part 31 a of the inlet temperature sensor 29 and the installation part 31 b of the outlet temperature sensor 30 can be blocked by the slit 32. Therefore, even if the two temperature sensors 29 and 30 are arranged adjacent to each other, the temperature interference can be prevented, and the temperature of the heat medium can be accurately and accurately detected by each temperature sensor 29 and 30. it can.
- the heat medium heating device 10 with improved controllability is used as the heat medium circulated to the radiator 6 disposed in the air flow path 2. Can be heated and circulated. For this reason, the temperature controllability by the vehicle air conditioner 1, particularly the temperature controllability during heating, can be improved, and comfortable air conditioning can be performed.
- this invention is not limited to the invention concerning the said embodiment, In the range which does not deviate from the summary, it can change suitably.
- the flat heat exchanger tubes 17 are stacked in three layers, and the PTC heater 18 is incorporated between them.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the flat heat exchanger tubes 17 and the PTC heaters 18 Of course, the number of stacked layers may be increased or decreased.
- this invention may be made from metals, such as an aluminum alloy, without being limited to this.
Abstract
Description
すなわち、本発明の第1の態様にかかる熱媒体加熱装置は、一端側に入口ヘッダ部および出口ヘッダ部が並設され、前記入口ヘッダ部から流入した熱媒体が他端側のUターン部で折返し、前記出口ヘッダ部から流出される複数枚の扁平熱交チューブと、積層される複数枚の前記扁平熱交チューブ間に組み込まれるPTCヒータと、底面に前記扁平熱交チューブの前記入口ヘッダ部および前記出口ヘッダ部と連通する熱媒体入口路および熱媒体出口路が設けられ、その内底面に前記扁平熱交チューブと前記PTCヒータとが多層に積層されて組み込まれるケーシングと、を備え、多層に積層された最下層の前記扁平熱交チューブの前記入口ヘッダ部および前記出口ヘッダ部の周りに、熱媒体の温度を検出する入口温度センサおよび出口温度センサが設けられていることを特徴とする。
図1には、本発明の一実施形態に係る熱媒体加熱装置を備えた車両用空調装置の概略構成図が示されている。
車両用空調装置1は、外気または車室内空気を取り込んで温調した後、それを車室内へと導くための空気流通路2を形成するケーシング3を備えている。
冷却器5は、図示省略された圧縮機、凝縮器、膨張弁等と共に冷媒回路を構成し、膨張弁で断熱膨張された冷媒を蒸発させることにより、そこを通過する空気を冷却するものである。また、放熱器6は、タンク8、ポンプ9および熱媒体加熱装置10とともに熱媒体循環回路10Aを構成し、熱媒体加熱装置10で高温に加熱された熱媒体(例えば、不凍液、温水等)がポンプ9を介して循環されることにより、そこを通過する空気を加温するものである。
熱媒体加熱装置10は、図2に示されるように、制御基板13と、複数枚の電極板14(図3参照)と、制御基板13上に配設されたIGBT等の複数個の半導体スイッチング素子12(図3参照)と、熱交押え部材16と、複数枚(例えば、3枚)の扁平熱交チューブ17と、複数組のPTC素子18a(図3参照)と、これらの制御基板13、電極板14、半導体スイッチング素子12、扁平熱交チューブ17、熱交押え部材16、PTC素子18a等を収容するケーシング11とを備えている。
ケーシング11は、上半部と下半部とに2分割されており、上半部を構成するアッパケース(図示省略)と、下半部を構成するロアケース11aとを備えている。このアッパケースおよびロアケース11aの内部には、ロアケース11aの上方からロアケース11aの開口部11bにアッパケースを載置することによって、上記制御基板13、半導体スイッチング素子12、電極板14、熱交押え部材16、複数枚の扁平熱交チューブ17および複数組のPTCヒータ18等を収容する空間が形成されている。
電極板14は、図3に示されるように、PTC素子18aに電力を供給するためのものであり、平面視において、矩形状を呈するアルミ合金製の板材とされている。この電極板14は、PTC素子18aを挟んでその両面に、PTC素子18aの上面に接するように一枚、PTC素子18aの下面に接するように一枚それぞれ積層されている。これら2枚の電極板14によって、PTC素子18aの上面と、下面とが上下から挟み込まれるようになっている。
本実施形態では、出・入口ヘッダ部21,22を備えた扁平熱交チューブ17a,17b,17cとPTCヒータ18とを多層に積層し、それを出・入口ヘッダ部21,22と連通する熱媒体入口路11cおよび熱媒体出口路11dを備えたケーシング11内に組み込んだ熱媒体加熱装置10にあって、多層に積層された最下層の扁平熱交チューブ17cの入口ヘッダ部21および出口ヘッダ部22の周りに、熱媒体の温度を検出する入口温度センサ29および出口温度センサ30を配設した構成としている。
6 放熱器
10 熱媒体加熱装置
10A 熱媒体循環回路
11 ケーシング
11c 熱媒体入口路
11d 熱媒体出口路
17,17a,17b,17c 扁平熱交チューブ
(17c 最下層の扁平熱交チューブ)
18 PTCヒータ
21 入口ヘッダ部
22 出口ヘッダ部
23 Uターン部
29 入口温度センサ
30 出口温度センサ
31 スペース部
31a 入口側センサ設置部
31b 出口側センサ設置部
32 スリット
Claims (4)
- 一端側に入口ヘッダ部および出口ヘッダ部が並設され、前記入口ヘッダ部から流入した熱媒体が他端側のUターン部で折返し、前記出口ヘッダ部から流出される複数枚の扁平熱交チューブと、
積層される複数枚の前記扁平熱交チューブ間に組み込まれるPTCヒータと、
底面に前記扁平熱交チューブの前記入口ヘッダ部および前記出口ヘッダ部と連通する熱媒体入口路および熱媒体出口路が設けられ、その内底面に前記扁平熱交チューブと前記PTCヒータとが多層に積層されて組み込まれるケーシングと、を備え、
多層に積層された最下層の前記扁平熱交チューブの前記入口ヘッダ部および前記出口ヘッダ部の周りに、熱媒体の温度を検出する入口温度センサおよび出口温度センサが設けられている熱媒体加熱装置。 - 前記入口温度センサおよび前記出口温度センサは、前記入口ヘッダ部と前記出口ヘッダ部とが並設されている前記扁平熱交チューブの一端側において、前記入口ヘッダ部と前記出口ヘッダ部との間のスペース部に並設されている請求項1に記載の熱媒体加熱装置。
- 前記スペース部には、前記入口温度センサの設置部と前記出口温度センサの設置部との間に、熱伝導遮断用のスリットが設けられている請求項2に記載の熱媒体加熱装置。
- 空気流路中に配設されている放熱器に対して、熱媒体加熱装置で加熱された熱媒体が循環可能に構成されている車両用空調装置において、
前記熱媒体加熱装置が、請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の熱媒体加熱装置とされている車両用空調装置。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/113,069 US20140037277A1 (en) | 2011-09-09 | 2012-08-07 | Heat medium heating device and vehicular air-conditioning device including the same |
CN201280021178.3A CN103561976A (zh) | 2011-09-09 | 2012-08-07 | 热介质加热装置及具备该装置的车辆用空调装置 |
DE112012003753.7T DE112012003753T5 (de) | 2011-09-09 | 2012-08-07 | Heizmedium-Heizvorrichtung und damit ausgestattete Fahrzeugklimaanlage |
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JP2011197071A JP2013056641A (ja) | 2011-09-09 | 2011-09-09 | 熱媒体加熱装置およびそれを備えた車両用空調装置 |
JP2011-197071 | 2011-09-09 |
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WO2013035475A1 true WO2013035475A1 (ja) | 2013-03-14 |
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US (1) | US20140037277A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2013056641A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103561976A (ja) |
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WO (1) | WO2013035475A1 (ja) |
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US20180156548A1 (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2018-06-07 | S&G Co.,Ltd | Plate heat exchanger integrated with pipeline |
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JP2012056351A (ja) * | 2010-09-06 | 2012-03-22 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 熱媒体加熱装置およびこれを備えた車両用空調装置 |
JP2014225348A (ja) * | 2013-05-15 | 2014-12-04 | 三菱重工オートモーティブサーマルシステムズ株式会社 | 熱媒体加熱装置およびその製造方法並びにそれを用いた車両用空調装置 |
KR101460250B1 (ko) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-11-10 | 임은섭 | 3-Piece 유로 층을 포함하는 판형 열교환 장치 |
CN107303794B (zh) * | 2016-04-22 | 2021-03-26 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种ptc液体加热器及其加热控制方法 |
JP6698434B2 (ja) * | 2016-06-10 | 2020-05-27 | 三菱重工サーマルシステムズ株式会社 | 熱媒体加熱装置およびこれを用いた車両用空調装置 |
EP3273177B1 (de) * | 2016-07-18 | 2020-09-09 | Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG | Elektrische heizvorrichtung |
CN111433549A (zh) | 2017-07-17 | 2020-07-17 | 分形散热器技术有限责任公司 | 多重分形散热器系统及方法 |
DE102018101453A1 (de) * | 2018-01-23 | 2019-07-25 | Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh | Heizvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellung eines Heizstabes |
US10806022B2 (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2020-10-13 | Hanon Systems | Fluid heating heater |
EP3722124B1 (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2023-12-13 | Borgwarner Emissions Systems Spain, S.L.U. | Heating device for use thereof in a vehicle |
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- 2012-08-07 DE DE112012003753.7T patent/DE112012003753T5/de not_active Ceased
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US20140037277A1 (en) | 2014-02-06 |
CN103561976A (zh) | 2014-02-05 |
JP2013056641A (ja) | 2013-03-28 |
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