WO2013029476A1 - 一种环形喷射泵 - Google Patents

一种环形喷射泵 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013029476A1
WO2013029476A1 PCT/CN2012/080354 CN2012080354W WO2013029476A1 WO 2013029476 A1 WO2013029476 A1 WO 2013029476A1 CN 2012080354 W CN2012080354 W CN 2012080354W WO 2013029476 A1 WO2013029476 A1 WO 2013029476A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
annular
central
tube
nozzle
pipe
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/080354
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
韩铁夫
Original Assignee
Han Tiefu
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US13/978,879 priority Critical patent/US9447796B2/en
Application filed by Han Tiefu filed Critical Han Tiefu
Publication of WO2013029476A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013029476A1/zh

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04FPUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/44Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
    • F04F5/46Arrangements of nozzles
    • F04F5/463Arrangements of nozzles with provisions for mixing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B05B1/341Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
    • B05B1/3415Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with swirl imparting inserts upstream of the swirl chamber
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0441Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber
    • B05B7/045Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber the gas and liquid flows being parallel just upstream the mixing chamber
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0441Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber
    • B05B7/0458Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber the gas and liquid flows being perpendicular just upstream the mixing chamber
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0491Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid the liquid and the gas being mixed at least twice along the flow path of the liquid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04FPUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/02Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid
    • F04F5/04Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being liquid displacing elastic fluids
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04FPUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/14Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid
    • F04F5/16Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fluid mixing element and, more particularly, to an annular jet pump. ⁇ Background technique ⁇
  • the venturi ejector passes through the nozzle, causing the working fluid to be drawn into the mixed secondary fluid of the mixing chamber and into the mixing output tube.
  • the two are mixed and heat-transferred in the mixing tube to average pressure and pressure, and then the mixed fluid is output from the end of the mixing tube to complete the high-pressure main fluid suction low-pressure secondary fluid for mixed flow transportation.
  • the Chinese utility model patent with the patent number ZL200920106414.7 discloses a multi-nozzle annular jet pump. It consists of a small jet that is placed in the outer annular casing and that opens into the intermediate manifold, each The small jets consist of a nozzle, a throat, and a diffuser; it uses high-pressure fluid to illuminate the low-pressure formation fluid to the surface for oil recovery purposes.
  • the jet pump consists of a small single-tube jet parallel and a central one-way ball valve. It is actually a first-stage parallel jet pump with a single-tube ejector with a check valve. Its structure is special, its function is dedicated underground. Oil recovery, so it is not suitable for use as a high-flow general-purpose jet pump.
  • the present invention is directed to an annular jet pump which performs well at high flow rates, and in particular achieves a higher mixed output pressure at a better ejector ratio, which overcomes the axial dimension of the single tube ejector described above. Too long, the disadvantage of low volatility.
  • an annular jet pump comprising an outer tube, a center tube, a ring end cap, a central nozzle and an annular nozzle;
  • the outer tube is provided with a large diameter pipe section in the front and rear along the central axis, and the first contraction a tapered pipe section, a transition pipe section, a second contraction cone pipe section, a rear straight pipe section;
  • the annular end cover closes a front port of the large diameter pipe section of the outer pipe;
  • the center pipe is fixedly connected to the central hole of the annular end cover and extends coaxially a transition pipe section of the outer pipe;
  • a front end of the inner hole of the center pipe is a main fluid inlet, and a rear end of the inner hole is provided with the central nozzle;
  • the annular nozzle is disposed between the large diameter pipe section of the outer pipe and the center pipe, and
  • An annular flow channel is defined between the annular end caps, the annular flow channel is in communication with the inner hole of the central pipe and the inlet of
  • a nozzle of the annular nozzle of the annular ejector extends into the annular mixing chamber, and faces a shrinking cone at the rear of the annular mixing chamber and an outlet of the annular mixing tube;
  • An outlet of the central nozzle in the central ejector and an outlet of the annular mixing tube therearound are smoothly butted and open to the inlet of the central mixing chamber, the outlet of the central nozzle being toward the outlet of the central mixing tube; from the main fluid inlet a main fluid, a portion of which is ejected from the annular nozzle through the annular flow passage and the secondary fluid that is introduced into the annular mixing chamber enters the annular mixing tube to mix and output an annular mixed flow, and the other portion is mixed to the center through the central nozzle.
  • the chamber outlet sprays and ignites the annular mixed flow around the annular mixing tube outlet, and enters the central mixing tube for remixing output to complete the mixed flow of the high pressure main fluid pumping low pressure secondary fluid.
  • the annular jet pump of the present invention utilizes a toroidal ejector in the front stage of the central ejector to increase the pumping rate of the mainstream pumping low mixing pressure fluid. Because the annular mixing chamber and the annular mixing tube of the annular ejector have a circular cross-section flow passage, the radial flow path (ring thickness) is small and the flow passage area is large, so that the main fluid jet contacts the secondary fluid. The surface and entrainment boundary are greatly increased, and the lateral migration of the fluid caused by the uneven annular cross-section can also accelerate the heat and mass transfer and mixing of the primary and secondary flows, thus having a higher pumping rate than the single-tube ejector. And shorter mixing tube length, smaller weight.
  • the rear central ejector can effectively pressurize and further mix the output of the pre-stage annular ejector, so that the mixed output pressure can be significantly improved.
  • the two opposite directions of the pulsation rate and the output pressure at a large flow rate can still maintain a high equilibrium level, and the performance is significantly better than the existing single-tube ejector.
  • An outer flange is disposed on the outer circumference of the central tube near the annular end cap, and an intermediate sleeve movable forward and backward is disposed between the outer flange and the front end of the large diameter pipe section of the outer tube; the annular mixing tube An inverted cone ring that tapers backwards and has a flow path of equal or tapered cross section.
  • the annular flow passage and the annular nozzle are formed between the outer tube outer flange and the intermediate sleeve. This structure makes it difficult to process the annular flow path and the annular nozzle, and reduces the manufacturing cost.
  • the annular nozzle is formed by an annular gap between the outer flange of the center tube and the intermediate sleeve or an annular uniform groove or a combination of the two;
  • the annular gap is a circular ring or a lobe groove Seam or flat tooth Groove ring slits;
  • the annularly uniform grooves are radially distributed in cross section, and the grooves are parallel or oblique to the central axis of the annular nozzle in the longitudinal direction.
  • the annular gap is a ring-shaped annular nozzle with the most simple structure and the easiest to implement.
  • the annular gap is an annular nozzle having an annular slit and a grooved or flat-toothed groove with a plurality of communication grooves uniformly distributed on the inner side of the annular slit, and the main fluid is ejected from the plurality of grooves during operation to form a ring.
  • the annular plurality of parallel strip-shaped main fluid jets enclose a flat strip-shaped secondary fluid between each two adjacent narrow strip-shaped main fluid jets, and pre-form a dense strip of primary and secondary flows in the mixing chamber
  • the interval distribution is such that the contact area between the primary and secondary fluids is greatly increased, and the mixing efficiency is improved, thereby shortening the length of the mixing tube, reducing the length and weight, and improving the function and ejection efficiency of the annular jet pump.
  • the flat strip jet per unit volume flow is larger than the surface area of the cylindrical jet of the same volume flow, which greatly increases the amount of secondary fluid adhering and entangled by the turbulent viscous force of the main fluid, thereby effectively increasing the introduction of the annular jet pump.
  • the annular nozzles formed by the annular uniform grooves are simple in structure, and they are not only easy to manufacture, but also have various forms, and the most appropriate shapes and combinations can be selected according to specific working conditions and requirements.
  • An annular nozzle with a plurality of chutes or inclined holes has the function of swirling, and the oblique flow forms an additional swirling motion in the mixing chamber and the mixing tube, which greatly increases the stroke and process time in the short mixing tube, thereby The connection between the primary and secondary flows and the heat and mass transfer process are increased.
  • due to the inertial force, centrifugal force and dynamic pressure of the oblique jet the strong mixing of the mixed flow points is caused.
  • the outer flange of the central tube is uniformly provided with a plurality of vertical and horizontal intersecting through holes, wherein the longitudinal through holes penetrate the front and rear end faces of the outer flange of the center tube, and they are the second fluid inlet of the annular mixing chamber a passage communicating with the outside; wherein the transverse through hole communicates the inner bore of the center tube with the annular flow passage.
  • This structure can introduce a second fluid, increasing the field of use and function of the annular jet pump.
  • the annular nozzle is composed of a plurality of annular circular or round holes arranged in an annular nozzle seat between the central pipe and the outer pipe; the annular nozzle has the most simple structure and is the easiest achieve.
  • the annular nozzle has an annular groove having a u-shaped cross section or a V-shaped cross section provided on a bottom surface of the annular nozzle seat between the central pipe and the outer pipe, and a plurality of annular rings disposed on the annular nozzle seat Straight round or oblique a circular hole, the outlet of the straight circular hole or the oblique circular hole intersecting the annular groove; the V-shaped or U-shaped annular groove nozzle, such that the jet of the annular nozzle can cause the lateral flow of the main fluid in the annular mixing tube
  • the movement facilitates the diffusion of the jet in the annular mixing tube, thereby increasing the suction piston and increasing the Coanda effect; making the primary and secondary fluids more closely mixed from the initial flow, which can significantly increase the mixing strength.
  • the annular nozzle is formed by a plurality of annularly distributed straight circular holes or slanted circular holes provided in the annular nozzle seat between the central pipe and the outer pipe, wherein each annular nozzle seat is straight
  • a radial wedge groove is cut into the center of the outlet of the circular hole or the inclined hole to form an eyelet spray port.
  • the central nozzle is a conical neck nozzle; or the central nozzle is a zoom nozzle having a small diameter section in the middle; the central nozzle has the most simple structure and is the easiest to implement.
  • the central nozzle is a porous nozzle having a plurality of uniform straight or inclined holes; the central nozzle has a function of spraying or swirling, which is beneficial to improve the efficiency of mixing the primary and secondary fluids in the central mixing tube.
  • the central nozzle is a lobe nozzle having a hollow lobe groove or a hollow large-head lobe groove or a radiation groove; the hollow lobe groove having an annular slit and a plurality of communication grooves evenly inside the annular slit or
  • the hollow lobe groove or the lobe nozzle of the radiation slot can form a plurality of relatively narrow strip-shaped main fluid jets when working, and enclose a strip between each two adjacent narrow strip main fluid jets
  • the mixing fluid enhances the strong viscous entrainment and premixing action of the central main fluid jet on the surrounding annular mixing flow in the central mixing chamber, which improves the mixing efficiency of the central ejector, thereby shortening the length of the central mixing tube and reducing its
  • the weight increases the function of the ring jet pump.
  • the central nozzle is a conical hollow spiral groove nozzle; or the central nozzle is a swirling nozzle having an inner spiral groove; the central nozzle has a large flow swirling function, which is beneficial to improve the mixing of the primary and secondary fluids in the center.
  • the central nozzle is a straight circular hole or a slanted circular hole with a plurality of annular uniforms, wherein a radial wedge groove is formed on each of the outlet centers of the straight circular holes or the oblique circular holes to form an eyelet hole Eye shape of the spray mouth Hole spray nozzle.
  • the annular mixing pipe inlet section is provided with a throat pipe having a tapered inlet annular taper hole and having a minimum diameter in the axial direction of the annular mixing pipe.
  • the annular throat with the tapered diameter of the annular introduction taper hole utilizes the dynamic pressure entering the throat jet to cause the uneven hook jet to accelerate the migration, the mixing and the filling in the narrow surface of the annular throat, thereby effectively sealing the throat tube.
  • the communication of the front and rear spaces produces a piston effect that encourages the primary fluid to draw the secondary fluid, which is beneficial to increase the ability of the annular ejector to draw secondary fluid.
  • the outlet of the annular mixing tube slightly exceeds the outlet of the annular mixing chamber; the central nozzle is provided with a swirling nozzle with a swirling core or a plurality of symmetric inclined holes at the outlet, and the annular nozzle is provided with a plurality of a uniform chute or a slanted hole; the annular nozzle is opposite to the direction of the center nozzle.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic top plan view of the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic top plan view of the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional structural view showing the direction A-A in Fig. 1.
  • Figure 4 is a half cross-sectional view showing the second embodiment of the ring jet pump of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a partial structural view showing the central nozzle of the C-C in Fig. 4;
  • Figure 6 is a partial schematic view showing the second type of central nozzle taken along line C-C of Figure 4.
  • Figure 7 is a partial structural view of the D-direction annular nozzle of Figure 4.
  • Fig. 8 is a partial structural view showing the second annular nozzle of the D direction in Fig. 4.
  • Figure 9 is a half cross-sectional structural view showing a third embodiment of the ring jet pump of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a partial structural view of the P-direction annular nozzle of Figure 9.
  • the structure of the first embodiment of the annular jet pump of the present invention is shown in Figs.
  • the annular jet pump consists of a central tube 1, a central nozzle 2, an intermediate sleeve 3, an outer tube 4 and an outer tube extension 46.
  • the components are structurally formed: a central ejector, disposed in the central ejector
  • An annular ejector at the periphery of the central tube, the central nozzle 2 of the central ejector is disposed at the bottom of the central tube 1;
  • the annular ejector includes: an annular nozzle circumferentially disposed with respect to the central tube 1 33.
  • the front end of the main body 31 of the intermediate sleeve 3 extends outwardly from the annular end cap.
  • the rear portion of the main body 31 of the intermediate sleeve 3 is gradually contracted rearward to form an annular flap 32.
  • the front portion of the main body 31 of the intermediate sleeve 3 is screwed to the outer flange 18 of the center tube 1.
  • the rear portion 15 of the outer flange 18 of the center tube 1 forms an annular flow passage with the rear portion of the main body 31 of the intermediate sleeve 3 and the annular flap 32, and the annular flow passage passes through the respective transverse through holes 14 and the inner holes of the center tube 1. 12 is connected; the rear portion of the annular flow passage is contracted into an annular slit to constitute an annular nozzle 33.
  • the outer tube 4 is provided with a large diameter pipe section 41, a first contraction cone pipe section 43, a transition pipe section 44, a second contraction cone pipe section 45, and a rear straight pipe section 451 in this order from the front to the rear along the central axis.
  • the large diameter pipe section 41 at the front end of the outer pipe 4 is The straight tube has a front portion that cooperates with the external thread of the intermediate sleeve 3; the rear portion of the straight tube portion 41 is uniformly provided with a plurality of intake holes 42.
  • the rear straight pipe section 451 at the rear of the outer pipe 4 is screwed to the straight pipe section 461 of the front portion of the outer pipe extension 46, and is butted integrally.
  • the middle and rear portions of the outer tube extension portion 46 are small-angled conical tube segments that gradually expand inward, that is, the diffuser tube segments 462.
  • the intermediate sleeve 3 is screwed and fixed to the front end of the large diameter pipe section 41 of the outer pipe 4, and the annular end cover of the intermediate sleeve 3 closes the front port of the large diameter pipe section 41 of the outer pipe 4; the center pipe 1 is fixedly connected in the center hole of the annular end cover and the same
  • the shaft section extends axially into the transition tube section 44 of the outer tube 4.
  • the annular space between the large diameter straight pipe section 41 and the first shrinkage cone pipe section 43 of the center pipe 1 and the outer pipe 4 from the groove 16 constitutes an annular mixing chamber 51, and the large diameter straight pipe section 41 of the outer pipe 4 is located at the side wall of the annular mixing chamber 51.
  • a plurality of intake holes 42 are opened.
  • the annular space between the rear portion 17 of the center tube and the transition tube portion 44 of the outer tube 4 constitutes an annular mixing tube 52.
  • the annular mixing tube 52 has an inverted cone-shaped ring that tapers rearward and has a flow path of equal section or tapered section.
  • the portion of the transition tube section 44 of the outer tube 4 located behind the center tube 1 and the second contraction cone tube section 45 of the outer tube 4 constitute the central mixing chamber 61, the straight portion of the rear straight tube portion 451 of the outer tube 4 and the front portion of the outer tube extension portion 46
  • the circular tube section 461 constitutes a central mixing tube 62.
  • the conical expanded bore section of the expanded tubular section 462 of the outer tube extension 46 constitutes the total diffuser 63.
  • the annular nozzle 33, the annular mixing chamber 51 and the annular mixing tube 52 constitute an annular ejector.
  • the respective intake holes 42 in the lower portion of the outer diameter tube section 41 of the outer tube 4 constitute the first fluid inlet of the annular ejector.
  • the longitudinal through holes 13 in the outer flange 18 of the center tube 1 constitute a passage through which the second fluid inlet of the annular mixing chamber of the annular ejector communicates with the outside.
  • the annular nozzle 33 extends into the annular mixing chamber 51 and faces the contraction taper at the rear of the annular mixing chamber 51 and the outlet of the annular mixing tube 52; the outlet area of the annular nozzle 33 is smaller than the inlet area of the annular mixing tube 52.
  • the outlet of the annular mixing tube 52, the central nozzle 2, the central mixing chamber 61, the central mixing tube 62 and the total diffuser 63 constitute a central ejector, and the outlet of the central nozzle 2 and the outlet of the surrounding annular mixing tube 52 are smoothly butted. And passing straight through the inlet of the central mixing chamber 61, the outlet of the central nozzle 2 is directed toward the outlet of the central mixing tube 62.
  • the annular ejector is coaxially arranged in series at the front end of the central ejector.
  • the primary fluid is a higher pressure fluid
  • the first fluid is air
  • the second fluid is a lower pressure or no pressure fluid.
  • Both the primary fluid and the second fluid may be liquid or gas or vapor or liquid aerosol;
  • the secondary fluid may also be a gas-solid fog.
  • the first fluid can be used to illuminate the air and the liquid with the main fluid of the gas or vapor, or to illuminate the air and the gas or vapor with the main fluid of the liquid.
  • the second fluid inlet of the central pipe should be connected with an external second fluid pipe; and the main fluid inlet of the pipe joint 19 of the central pipe 1 should be connected by an external main fluid pipe.
  • a second fluid is delivered to the second fluid conduit while the primary fluid is being delivered to the primary fluid conduit.
  • the main fluid from the main fluid inlet is divided into two parts in the central pipe 1, and the first part of the main fluid is injected into the inlet of the annular mixing pipe 52 through the annular flow path on the annular ejector, the annular nozzle 33 and the annular mixing chamber 51, and the ejector is emitted.
  • the air from which the first fluid inlet enters the annular mixing chamber 51 and the second fluid that enters the annular mixing chamber 51 from the second fluid inlet enter the annular mixing tube 52 to be mixed, and the annular mixed flow is output.
  • the present embodiment mixes the air with the main fluid into a circular mixed flow in the annular mixing chamber 51 and the annular mixing tube 52 of the annular ejector, and then The central mixing chamber 61, the central mixing tube 62 and the total diffuser 63 in the central ejector mix the annular mixed stream with the main fluid. The mixed transport of the main fluid and the air is completed.
  • the center pipe 1 and the intermediate casing 3 are displaced along the axis front and rear along the outer pipe 4.
  • the flow path of the annular mixing pipe 52 can be changed. with Nozzle distance to seek and adjust the optimum characteristic parameters of this annular jet pump that is most suitable for changing the working conditions.
  • the structure of the second embodiment of the annular jet pump of the present invention is shown in Figures 4-8.
  • the annular jet pump is composed of a central tube 10, a central nozzle 20, an intermediate sleeve 30, an outer tube front sleeve 340, and an outer tube main portion 40.
  • the upper part in Figure 4 is the actual front and the bottom is the actual rear.
  • the front end of the center tube 10 is the largest diameter joint 190, and the front and middle portions are intermediate diameter outer flanges 110.
  • An outwardly convex hexagonal cap 180 is disposed between the outer flange 110 and the pipe joint 190.
  • the front flange 110 is externally threaded at the front.
  • the rear portion 170 of the center tube 10 is the smallest straight section of the diameter.
  • the inner hole 120 of the center tube 10 is a stepped straight hole having a large front and a small front, and penetrates from the front end surface of the pipe joint 190 to the rear end surface of the rear portion 170 along the central axis.
  • the inner diameter of the inner end of the inner hole 120 is the main fluid inlet, and the central nozzle 20 is mounted at the rear end of the inner hole 120.
  • the outer flange 110 of the center tube 10 is uniformly distributed in the middle with a row of obliquely inclined through holes 130 and a row of lateral through holes 140.
  • the oblique through holes 130 penetrate through the roots of the large ends of the inner holes 120, and the transverse through holes 140 penetrate through The upper portion of the middle section of the inner bore 120.
  • the oblique through holes 130 may also be different from the adjacent lateral through holes 140 and arranged side by side, as shown in Fig. 4, but are spaced apart from each other and alternately arranged with the adjacent lateral through holes 140.
  • the central nozzle 20 is a lobed nozzle having a hollow lobed groove 220 which is uniformly distributed with a plurality of inwardly bent folded portions 230 on the thin-walled circular tube.
  • the central nozzle 20-1 is a lobed nozzle having a hollow large-head lobe groove in which a plurality of inwardly bent folded portions 230-1 are uniformly distributed on the thin-walled circular tube.
  • the central nozzle 20 is a lobe nozzle having a radiation groove at the bottom of the cylinder.
  • the main body 3010 of the intermediate sleeve 30 is a straight circular tube 3010, and the rear end of the main body 3010 extends from the outer side facing the rearwardly contracting annular flap 3020.
  • the outer tube is provided with a large diameter pipe section, a first contraction cone pipe section, a transition pipe section, a second contraction cone pipe section, and a rear straight pipe section from the front to the rear along the central axis.
  • the main body of the outer tube front sleeve 340 is a short and straight straight tube, which is a large diameter tube section at the front end of the outer tube in this embodiment.
  • the front end face of the outer tube front sleeve 340 is an annular end cap, and the annular end cap closes the front port of the large diameter pipe section of the outer tube.
  • the central end of the annular end cap is forwardly projected with a smaller size hexagonal nut segment 3410.
  • the middle portion of the outer tube front sleeve 340 is provided with a middle portion Secondary fluid inlets 3420.
  • the hexagonal nut segment 3410 of the outer tube front sleeve 340 is internally threadedly engaged with the outer flange 110 of the center tube 10.
  • the main body of the outer tube front sleeve 340 is internally threaded, and the front portion of the internal thread is screwed with the main body 3010 of the intermediate sleeve 3, and the rear portion of the internal thread is screwed to the front end portion 410 of the outer tube main portion 40.
  • the inner side of the front end portion 410 of the outer tube main portion 40 is treated as a first contraction conical tube section that is contracted rearward.
  • the front portion of the outer tube main portion 40 is a medium diameter straight circular transition tube segment 420 and a second contraction tapered tube portion 430 that tapers rearward.
  • the center tube 10 is secured to the central bore of the annular end cap on the outer tube front sleeve 340 and extends coaxially into the transition tube section 420 of the outer tube main portion 40.
  • the middle and rear portions of the outer tube main portion 40 are the rear straight tube segments 440 having the smallest diameter.
  • the annular nozzle 330-1 is a plurality of uniformly lobed grooves in the inner hole of the annular nozzle holder 320-1, and the nozzle holder 320-1
  • a lobed groove tube 320-1 is formed in the lobed groove which is beyond the rear end surface of the nozzle holder 320-1 and has the same cross-sectional shape as the lobed groove.
  • the lobed groove tube 320-1 and the outer flange of the center tube 10 are fixed.
  • a lobe groove loop formed by an annular slit 3302-1 and a plurality of radially uniform lobed grooves 320-1 is formed between the rear portions of 110.
  • the space between the intermediate sleeve 30, the rear portion 170 of the center tube 10, the inner wall of the outer tube front sleeve 340 and the first contraction cone tube portion of the outer tube main portion 40 constitutes an annular mixing chamber 510, and the center of the rear end of the rear portion 170 of the center tube 10
  • the space between the outer peripheral surface of the nozzle 20 and the transition tube section 420 of the outer tube main portion 40 constitutes an annular mixing tube 520.
  • the central mixing nozzle injects and injects a circular mixed flow around the outlet of the annular mixing tube through the central nozzle, and enters the central mixing tube for remixing output to complete the mixed flow of the high pressure main fluid pumping low pressure secondary fluid.
  • an external secondary fluid conduit should be used to communicate the secondary fluid inlet 3420 of the outer casing 340; and an external primary fluid conduit is used to communicate the primary fluid inlet of the central conduit 10 coupling 190.
  • the secondary fluid is sent to the secondary fluid conduit while the primary fluid is delivered to the primary fluid conduit.
  • the main fluid from the main fluid inlet is divided into two portions in the central tube 10, and the first portion of the main fluid is ejected from the annular nozzle 330 through the annular flow passage on the annular ejector and the secondary fluid that is introduced into the annular mixing chamber 510 is introduced together.
  • the annular mixing tube 520 mixes and outputs a circular mixed flow.
  • the second portion of the main fluid is injected through the central nozzle 20 of the central ejector toward the outlet of the central mixing chamber 610 and ejects the annular mixed stream exiting the annular mixing tube 520 to enter the central mixing tube 620.
  • the mixed flow velocity, pressure, blending degree of the annular mixed flow output from the end of the annular mixing tube 520 of the annular ejector differs from the speed, pressure, and blending degree of the main fluid output from the central nozzle 20, which makes the annular mixed flow and
  • the main fluid is mutually ignited and remixed in the central mixing chamber 610 and the central mixing tube 62 of the central ejector, and finally the high pressure main fluid is pumped to the low pressure secondary fluid for mixed flow transportation.
  • the length of the annular mixing tube 520 is short, and the distance between the outlet of the annular mixing tube 520 and the outlet of the annular mixing chamber 510 is significantly shorter than that of the annular mixing tube 52 and the annular mixing chamber of the previous embodiment. 51 The distance of the exit.
  • the central nozzle adopts a swirling nozzle having a swirling core or an outlet uniformly distributing a plurality of symmetric inclined holes
  • the annular nozzle adopts an annular swirling nozzle provided with a plurality of uniformly inclined grooves or inclined holes; and the ring
  • the nozzle is opposite to the direction of the center nozzle; the length of the annular mixing tube can be further shortened, and the outlet of the annular mixing tube can slightly exceed the outlet of the annular mixing chamber; thus the length of the entire annular jet pump is greatly shortened.
  • FIG. 9-12 A third embodiment of the annular jet pump of the present invention is shown in Figures 9-12.
  • the upper part in Figure 9 is the actual front and the bottom is the actual rear.
  • the central pipe is divided into a central pipe front section 100 and a central pipe rear section 200; an outer pipe composed of an outer pipe main body 400 and an outer pipe extension 4600 is provided with a large diameter pipe section from the front to the rear along the central axis. 4100, a first contraction cone section 4300, a front transition section 4400, an intermediate contraction cone section 46100, a rear transition section 46200, a second contraction cone section 46300, a rear straight section 46400, and an expanded diameter section 46500; the central nozzle 700 employs a swirling nozzle or Spray nozzle.
  • the front end of the central tube front section 100 is a larger diameter pipe joint 1900, and the front portion is the outer diameter outer flange 1100.
  • An outwardly projecting annular end cap 1800 is disposed between the outer flange 1100 and the pipe joint 1900.
  • the rear portion of the outer flange 1100 is slightly rearwardly contracted and a groove 1500 is dug inwardly, and the rear portion 1700 of the front portion 100 of the center tube continues to contract.
  • the inner bore 1200 of the front portion 100 of the center tube passes from the front end face of the pipe joint 1900 to the rear end face of the rear end portion 1900 along the central axis.
  • the front end of the inner hole 1200 is a main fluid inlet, and the front portion of the inner hole 1200 is expanded near the outer end of the annular end cap 1800 to form an annular flow path 1300.
  • the portion of the outer flange 1100 that follows the annular flow passage 1300 constitutes an annular nozzle seat 1400.
  • a first annular nozzle is disposed on the annular nozzle seat 1400.
  • the middle portion of the inner hole 1200 is provided with a constricted portion 1600 corresponding to the groove 1500, and the rear portion of the constricted portion 1600 is provided with an internal thread near the rear end of the inner hole 1200, and the rear end of the inner hole 1200 is slightly expanded outward.
  • a plurality of annular circular holes 3200 or inclined circular holes are uniformly arranged, and the outlets of the straight circular holes 3200 or the inclined circular holes are intersected with the annular groove 3300.
  • the front end of the central tube rear section 200 is externally threaded.
  • the rear end of the central tube 200 has a groove 2050 at the rear end of the outer diameter of the largest convex portion 2060, and the rear portion 2070 of the rear portion 200 of the center tube is gradually contracted backward.
  • the inner hole of the rear portion 200 of the central pipe is a stepped straight hole having a large front and a small shape, and the large end 2030 extends from the front end surface of the pipe joint 2010 along the central axis to the front of the groove 2050 of the outer convex portion 2060, and the rear portion of the central pipe
  • the inner end of the inner bore 2030 engages the inner bore small end 2080 via a transition portion that is contracted rearwardly.
  • the gap is an intermittent annular slit composed of a plurality of annular uniform straight grooves or chutes; the gap may also be a continuous annular slit and a plurality of annular uniform straight grooves or chutes.
  • the combination of the inner or outer side of the continuous annular slit communicates with the straight or chute.
  • Each of the lateral through holes 2020 at the front of the central tube rear section 200 communicates the inlet of the secondary annular nozzle 2040 with the large end 2030 of the central tube rear section 200.
  • the front part of the outer tube main body 400 is a straight circular large diameter pipe section 4200, the middle part is a first contraction taper pipe section 4300 which is gradually contracted backward, and the rear part of the outer pipe main body 400 is a front transition pipe section 4400 which is gradually contracted backward, the outer pipe
  • the rear end of the main body 400 is provided with a flange.
  • the side wall of the front end large diameter pipe section 4200 of the outer pipe main body 400 is provided with a lateral secondary fluid inlet 4200.
  • the front end of the outer tube extension 4600 is a rearwardly contracting intermediate contraction cone section 46100, and the front end of the intermediate contraction cone section 46100 is provided with a flange, and the flange is fixedly connected with the flange of the rear end of the outer tube main body 400, so that the outer tube The main body 400 and the outer tube extension 4600 are butted together.
  • the rear end of the outer tube extension portion 4600 is connected to the rear transition tube portion 46200, the rear portion of the rear transition tube portion 46200 is connected to the second contraction cone tube portion 46300, and the rear portion of the outer tube extension portion 4600 is the smallest diameter rear straight tube portion 46400 and Expand the diameter pipe section 46500.
  • the annular space between the central tube front section 100 after the groove 1500 and the large diameter straight pipe section 4200 and the first shrinkage cone pipe section 4300 of the outer pipe constitutes the first annular mixing chamber 5100; the outer pipe front transition pipe section 4400 and the central pipe front section 100
  • An annular space between the portions 1900 before the exit of the secondary annular nozzle 2040 constitutes a first annular mixing tube 5200.
  • the first annular nozzle 3300, the first annular mixing chamber 5100 and the first annular mixing tube 5200 constitute a first annular ejector.
  • the rear transition tube section 46200 of the outer tube is located at the rear end of the central tube rear section 200 and the second contraction cone section 46300 constitutes the central mixing chamber 8100; the straight circular hole of the rear straight section 46400 of the outer tube constitutes the central mixing tube 8200.
  • the tapered inner bore of the outer tube's expanded diameter section 46500 constitutes a diffuser tube 8300.
  • the outlet of the secondary annular mixing tube 6200 is smoothly butted to the inlet of the central mixing chamber 8100 and is passed through the central mixing tube 8200 and the diffuser tube 8300.
  • the outlet of the central nozzle 700 faces the outlet of the center mixing tube 8200 and the diffuser tube 8300.
  • the outlet of the secondary annular mixing tube 6200, the central nozzle 700, the central mixing chamber 8100, the central mixing tube 8200, and the diffuser tube 8300 constitute a central ejector.
  • the annular ejector is coaxially arranged in series at the front end of the central ejector.
  • the outlet of the secondary annular mixing tube 6200 is the secondary fluid inlet of the central ejector.
  • the main fluid from the main fluid inlet is divided into three portions in the central tube, and the first portion of the main fluid is ejected from the first annular nozzle 3300 via the annular flow passage 1300 and the secondary fluid that is introduced into the first annular mixing chamber 5100 is joined to the first portion.
  • the annular mixing tube 5200 is blended and outputs a first annular mixed stream.
  • the second portion of the primary fluid enters the central tube rear section 200 and is ejected through the secondary annular nozzle 2040 on the secondary annular ejector and directs the first annular shape from the first annular mixing tube 5200 into the second annular mixing chamber 6100.
  • the difference is that the second annular mixed flow and the main fluid are mutually ignited and mixed for the third time in the central mixing chamber 8100 and the central mixing tube 8200, and finally the high pressure main fluid is pumped to the low pressure secondary fluid for mixing flow from the diffuser tube 8300. Transported outwards.
  • a secondary annular nozzle seat may be disposed on the outer circumference of the middle pipe central section, so that the secondary annular nozzle becomes a plurality of circular holes or annularly arranged on the secondary annular nozzle seat. a plurality of flat grooves arranged annularly between the annular nozzle seat and the central tube; or a circular annular nozzle arranged in the annular slit between the secondary annular nozzle seat and the central tube and a plurality of circular holes or flats arranged in a ring shape The combination of slots.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种环形喷射泵,包括中央引射器和环形引射器;环形引射器同轴串联地设置在中央引射器的前端;环形引射器具有环形喷嘴(33)、环形混合室(51)和环形混合管(52);中央引射器具有中央喷嘴(2)、中心混合室(61)和中心混合管(62);主流体入口侧向连通环形喷嘴(33),主流体入口直通中心管(1)末端的中央喷嘴(2),次流体进口通入环形混合室(51)侧壁。该环形喷射泵重量轻、轴向尺寸小。

Description

一种环形喷射泵
【技术领域】
本发明涉及一种流体的混流元件, 更具体的, 涉及一种环形喷射泵。 【背景技术】
射流泵是用压力较高的主流体 ^ )射压力较低或无压的次流体,输出中压混 合流体的混流元件。 现有的引射器中最典型的结构为文丘里引射器, 文丘里引 射器的本体是一根前端设有扩孔腔混合室的圓管, 混合室的侧面设次流体入口, 混合室内设连通主流体入口管的喷嘴,喷嘴出口正对混合室收缩锥出口连通的小 直径混合输出管。
文丘里引射器通过喷嘴, 使工作流体卷吸进入混合室的被引射次流体, 进 入混合输出管。 使两者经混合管内混合传热传质均速均压,再从混合管末端输出 混合流体, 完成高压主流体抽吸低压次流体进行混流输送。
这种单管引射器的结构,延用至今基本未变。 它的优桌是结构筒单,使用可 靠但也有如下缺桌:
为实现主流体 (工作流体)对次流体 (被引射流体)的充分均混,需要较长的混 合管 (或混合扩压管)。 因而, 现有引射器的重量和空间占位大; 对许多需要小 体积和轻负载的重要场所而言,其安裝使用十分不便。 对较大流道通径和流量的 单管喷液引气喷射泵, 需大流道通径混合管, 和大径束的主流体射流。 因主流 体射流位于混合室中央, 次流体是在主流体射流束周边被卷吸的, 主流体射流 直径越大就意味单位体积的主流体与次流体的接触率和卷吸效率越低, 即引射 系数变低,引气功能大打折扣。 为使主、 次流体能充分掺混並传热、 传质、 均压 混合,就必需增加混合管(或混合扩压管)的长度,这就造成喷液引射泵喷射效率 低和轴向尺寸过大。
专利号为 ZL200920106414.7 的中国实用新型专利公开了一种多喷嘴环形 射流泵。 它由在外环形套管中设置一圏都通入中间总管的小射流器构成, 每个 小射流器都由一个喷嘴、 一个喉管、 一个扩散管组成; 它使用高压液引射低压 地层液到地面达到採油目的。 它由一圏小单圓管射流器并联和中央单向球阀共 同构成的射流泵,其实是具有止回阀的多单管引射器的一级并联射流泵,其结构 特殊,其功能专用地下采油, 因此做为大流量通用射流泵使用并不合用。
【发明内容】
本发明旨在提供一种环形喷射泵, 它在大流量时性能好, 尤其是在较好引 射比情况下仍能获得较高混合输出压, 可克服上述单管引射器的轴向尺寸太长, 抽射率低的缺点。
本发明的技术方案是: 一种环形喷射泵, 包含外管、 中心管、 环形端盖、 中央喷嘴和环形喷嘴; 该外管沿中轴线由前向后依次设有大直径管段、 第一收 缩锥管段、 过渡管段、 第二收缩锥管段、 后直管段; 该环形端盖封闭该外管大 直径管段的前端口; 该中心管固连于该环形端盖的中心孔并同轴地伸入该外管 的过渡管段; 该中心管内孔的前端为主流体入口, 该内孔的后端设该中央喷嘴; 该环形喷嘴设在该外管大直径管段与该中心管之间, 并与该环形端盖之间划分 出一个环形流道, 该环形流道与该中心管的内孔及该环形喷嘴的入口连通; 在 该环形喷嘴之后的该中心管与该外管的大径直管段、 第一收缩锥管段之间的环 形空间构成环形混合室, 该外管大径直管段位于该环形混合室的侧壁开有次流 体入口; 该中心管与该外管的过渡管段之间的环形空间构成环形混合管; 该外 管的过渡管段位于该中心管之后的部分及该外管的第二收缩锥管段构成中心混 合室, 该外管的后直管段构成中心混合管; 上述环形喷嘴、 环形混合室和环形 混合管构成环形引射器, 上述环形混合管的出口、 中央喷嘴、 中心混合室及中 心混合管构成中央引射器, 该环形引射器同轴串连地设置在该中央引射器的前 端;
该环形引射器中该环形喷嘴的喷口伸向该环形混合室内, 并朝向该环形混 合室后部的收缩锥口及该环形混合管的出口; 该中央引射器中该中央喷嘴的出口及其周围的该环形混合管的出口平滑对 接且直通该中心混合室的入口, 该中央喷嘴的出口朝向该中心混合管的出口; 来自主流体入口的主流体, 一部分经该环形流道由该环形喷嘴喷出并引射 通入该环形混合室的次流体共同进入该环形混合管内混合并输出环形混合流, 另一部分经该中央喷嘴向该中心混合室出口喷射并引射周围该环形混合管出口 的环形混合流,共同进入该中心混合管做再次混合输出, 完成高压主流体泵抽低 压次流体的混流输送。
本发明的环形喷射泵由于在中央引射器的前级採用环形引射器,可增加主流 体泵抽低混合压次流体的抽射率。 因为环形引射器的环形混合室和环形混合管 都具有圓环形截面流道, 由于其径向通径 (环厚)较小而流道面积较大,从而使主 流体射流对次流体的接触面和卷吸边界大增, 另外环形截面不均勾流造成的流 体横向迁移还能加速主、 次流的传热传质和参混, 因而比单圓管引射器具有更 高抽吸率和更短的混合管长度、 更小的重量。 由于採用主流体前后两级串连引 射,后级中央引射器能有效为前级环形引射器的输出混流加压和促进与之进一步 混合,所以能显著提高混合输出压。 特别是其大流量时的抽射率和输出压两个互 相反向指标,仍能保持高的均衡水平, 性能明显好于现有单管引射器。
所述的中心管外周上靠近所述的环形端盖处设置外凸缘, 该外凸缘与所述 外管大直径管段前端之间设有可前后移动的中间套; 所述的环形混合管呈向后 逐渐缩小的倒锥环形, 且有等截面或渐缩截面的流道。 通过调节中心管前端外 凸缘上中间套与外管大直径管段前端的前后位置, 使中心管和中间套沿中轴线 相对外管前、 后位移而改变环形混合管的流道通径和喷嘴距。 可以寻求和调节 最适应工况变化的环形喷射泵最佳特性参数。
所述中心管外凸缘与所述的中间套之间形成所述的环形流道和所述的环形 喷嘴。 这种结构可以筒化加工制造环形流道和环形喷嘴的难度, 降低制造成本。
所述的环形喷嘴由所述中心管的外凸缘与所述中间套之间的环形缝隙或环 形均布的槽或上述两者的组合构成; 该环形缝隙为圓环缝或波瓣槽环缝或扁齿 槽环缝; 该环形均布的槽在横断面上呈放射状分布,在纵向上这些槽与所述环形 喷嘴的中轴线平行或相斜。
环形缝隙为圓环缝的环形喷嘴, 结构最筒单, 最易于实现。 环形缝隙为具 有环形狭缝及与该环形狭缝内侧均布多条连通槽的辫槽环缝或扁齿槽环缝的环 形喷嘴,工作时主流体从多条槽中喷出,形成围成环状的多个平行窄条状主流体 射流,在每两个相邻的窄条状主流体射流之间都夹带一个扁条形次流体,在混合 室内预先形成主、 次流的密集扁条形间隔分布,这样就大大增加了主、 次流体之 间的接触面积,提高其混合效率,从而可缩短混合管长度, 减小了的长度和重量 , 提高了环形喷射泵的功能和引射效率。 而且单位体积流量的扁条形射流要比相 同体积流量的圓柱形射流的表面积大,这使主流体湍流粘性力所粘附和裹挟的次 流体量大增,即有效提高了环形喷射泵的引射比,和泵抽吸次流体的能力。 环形均 布的槽构成的环形喷嘴,结构筒单,它们不但易于加工制造,而且形式多样,可根据 具体使用工况和要求,有针对性选取最适当的形状和组合。 採用多条斜槽或斜孔 的环形喷嘴, 具有旋流的功能,其斜射流在混合室和混合管內会形成附加的旋移 运动, 这使短混合管中行程和流程时间大增,从而增加了主、 次流间的接础和传 热传质过程, 同时由于斜喷旋流惯性力、 离心力及动压会造成了混流质点的强 烈参混。 这些因素大大加速了内主、 次流体间的能量交换和混合均压的效率,提 高环形喷射泵大流量下的综合性能。
所述中心管的外凸缘上均布多个纵横交叉隔离的通孔, 其中的纵向通孔贯 通所述中心管外凸缘的前、 后端面, 它们为环形混合室的第二次流体入口与外 界连通的通道; 其中的横向通孔使所述中心管的内孔与所述的环形流道连通。 这种结构, 可引入第二次流体, 增加环形喷射泵的使用领域和功能。
所述环形喷嘴由设在所述中心管与所述外管之间的环形喷嘴座上多个环形 均布的直圓孔或斜圓孔构成; 这种环形喷嘴的结构最筒单, 最易于实现。 或者, 所述环形喷嘴由设在所述中心管与所述外管之间的环形喷嘴座底面上具有 u形 断面或 V形断面的环状 槽与设在该环形喷嘴座上多个环形均布的直圓孔或斜 圓孔构成, 这些直圓孔或斜圓孔的出口与该环状凹槽相贯; 这种具有 V形或 U 形环形槽喷口,使得环形喷嘴的喷流可造成环形混合管内主流体的横向移动,有 利于喷流在环形混合管内的扩散充满, 从而增加抽吸活塞作用, 提高附壁效应; 使主、 次流体间从汇流初始就参混得更为勾密, 可显著提高参混强度和传热传 质速率。 或者, 所述环形喷嘴由设在所述中心管与所述外管之间的环形喷嘴座 上多个环形均布的直圓孔或斜圓孔构成, 其中在该环形喷嘴座上每个直圓孔或 斜圓孔的出口中心上分别切出一条径向的楔槽, 构成眼形孔喷雾口。 这些由眼 形孔喷雾口构成环形的喷雾嘴的优点是: 1 , 在环形混合室内预先形成主、 次流 的提前充分参混, 从而可缩短环形混合管长度、 减小其重量。 2, 用少量主流体 即能产生充满环形混合管起活塞效应的雾化喷流, 因而可以提高主流体对次流 体裹挟和卷吸能力即提高环形喷射泵引射效率。
所述的中央喷嘴为圓锥形缩口喷嘴; 或所述的中央喷嘴为中间有小直径段 的缩放形喷嘴; 这种中央喷嘴的结构最筒单, 最易于实现。 或所述的中央喷嘴 为具有多个均布的直孔或斜孔的多孔喷嘴; 这种中央喷嘴具有喷雾或旋流的功 能, 利于提高主、 次流体在中心混合管内参混的效率。 或所述的中央喷嘴为具 有空心波瓣槽或空心大头波瓣槽或放射槽的波瓣喷嘴; 上述具有环形狭缝及与 该环形狭缝内侧均布多条连通槽的空心波瓣槽或空心大头波瓣槽或放射槽的波 瓣喷嘴,工作时可形成较均勾的多个放射窄条状主流体射流, 在每两个相邻的窄 条状主流体射流之间都夹带一个条混合流体, 在中央混合室内会增强中央主流 体射流对周围环形混合流的强烈粘滞捲吸和预混合作用,可提高中央引射器的混 合效率, 从而可缩短中央混合管长度, 减小其重量, 提高了环形喷射泵的功能。 即有效提高了环形喷射泵的总引射比和泵抽吸次流体的能力。 所述的中央喷嘴 为锥形空心螺旋槽喷嘴; 或所述的中央喷嘴为具有内螺旋槽的旋流喷嘴; 这种 中央喷嘴具有大流量旋流的功能, 利于提高主、 次流体在中心混合管内参混的 效率。 或所述的中央喷嘴为带多个环形均布的直圓孔或斜圓孔, 其中每个直圓 孔或斜圓孔的出口中心上分别切出一条径向的楔槽, 构成眼形孔喷雾口的眼形 孔喷雾喷嘴。 眼形孔喷雾喷嘴可在中心混合室内预先形成主、 次流的提前充分 参混, 从而可缩短中心混合管长度、 减小其重量; 眼形孔喷雾喷嘴用少量主流 体即能产生充满中心混合管起活塞效应的雾化喷流, 因而可以提高主流体对次 流体裹挟和卷吸能力即提高环形喷射泵引射效率。
所述环形混合管入段设有喉管, 该喉管具有渐缩径的环形导入锥孔, 且具 有所述环形混合管轴向全程中的最小通径。 这种具有渐缩径的环形导入锥孔的 环形喉管, 利用进入喉管喷流的动压力造成不均勾射流在环形喉管窄面内加速 迁移、 参混和充滿, 可有效封住喉管前后空间的连通从而产生助长主流体抽吸 次流体的活塞效应,有利于提高环形引射器抽吸次流体的能力。
所述环形混合管的出口稍超过所述环形混合室的出口; 所述中央喷嘴为出 口设有旋流芯或出口均布多个对称倾斜孔的旋流喷嘴, 所述环形喷嘴设有多个 均布的斜槽或斜孔; 所述环形喷嘴与所述中央喷嘴的斜旋方向相反。 这种互相 反向的喷流,在主、 次流体间的所接触边界造成的强烈剪切作用和大量局部湍流 效应所至的强烈混合效果, 使环形混合管长度和混合时间都大为缩短。
所述外管的过渡管段中部串接有中间收缩锥管段; 所述中心管的外周在所 述外管过渡管段的该中间收缩锥管段的前方设二级环形喷嘴, 该二级环形喷嘴 的入口连通所述中心管的内孔; 所述外管过渡管段与所述中心管之间位于该二 级环形喷嘴出口之前的环形空间为所述的环形混合管, 所述外管过渡管段与所 述中心管之间位于该二级环形喷嘴出口之后到该中间收缩锥管段后端的环形空 间为二级环形混合室, 所述外管过渡管段与所述中心管之间位于该中间收缩锥 管段出口到所述中心管后端所述中央喷嘴的出口之前的环形空间为二级环形混 合管; 上述环形混合管的出口、 二级环形喷嘴、 二级环形混合室和二级环形混 合管构成二级环形引射器; 该二级环形喷嘴设于该二级环形混合室内并被所述 环形混合管出口围在中间, 该二级环形喷嘴的出口朝向该二级环形混合管;该二 级环形混合管出口与所述中央混合室的入口平滑对接且直通所述的中央混合 管; 该连通主流体入口的二级环形喷嘴的喷流引射其周围前级环形混合管出口 混流,共同进入后部的二级环形混合室和二级环形混合管进行第二次掺混, 从二 级环形混合管出口输出的混流受中央喷嘴输出主流体的引射, 共同进入中心混 合室及中心混合管进行第三次掺混。 它通过增加二级环形引射器, 使中央引射 器具有更高输出压。
所述的二级环形喷嘴为环形配置的多个圓孔或扁槽; 或所述的二级环形喷 嘴为环形狭缝与环形配置的多个圓孔或扁槽的组合; 或所述的二级环形喷嘴为 双环形配置的多个圓孔的组合。 这些二级环形喷嘴的结构筒单, 易于制造。 双 环形配置的多个圓孔的组合, 可使喷出的主流体在二级环形混合室和二级环形 混合管中产生撞击的效果, 增加对环形混合管输出的环形混流的引射能力, 使 其与主流体在二级混合管中充分混合。
所述的中心管分为中心管前段和中心管后段, 该中心管前段的后端口套住 该中心管后段的前部外周且在这两者套接部位的前半段固定连接; 该中心管后 段的前部对应该套接部的中部位置设多个横向的通孔连通该中心管后段的内 孔; 在该套接部的后部, 该中心管前段的后端口内壁与该中心管后段的前部外 周之间的间隙构成所述的二级环形喷嘴; 该间隙为连续的环形狭缝; 或该间隙 为多条环形均布的直槽或斜槽组成的断续的环形狭缝; 或该间隙为连续的环形 狭缝和多条环形均布的直槽或斜槽的组合, 该连续的环形狭缝的内侧或外侧连 通这些直槽或斜槽。 这种结构形式, 可筒化二级环形喷嘴的制造和装配难度, 并按需要实现筒单的环形喷流或多个放射窄条状主流体喷流; 若这些槽是直槽, 该多个放射窄条状主流体喷流是直喷; 若这些槽是斜槽, 该多个放射窄条状主 流体喷流是旋喷。
本发明的环形喷射泵输入 1种较高压力的主流体和 1-2种低压或无压次流 体, 输出一种混合流体。 主、 次流体都可以是液体或气体或汽体或液气雾; 次 流体还可为气固雾如烟尘,如:用气体或汽体的主流体引射液体的次流体; 或者用 液体的主流体 ^ I射气体或汽体或气固混合物的次流体; 或者用液体的主流体 ^ I 射液体的次流体; 或者用气体或气液混合物的主流体引射气固混合物的次流体; 或者用气液混合物的主流体引射气体或气固混合物的次流体等。 主流体从前端 部进入, 引射从侧位进入的次流体; 或主流体从前端部进入, 引射从侧位和顶 部双向进入的次流体; 都从尾部输出一种混合流。 可用以进行混压、 增压、 混 输、 传热传质等流体的多种处理和进行抽提、 除污物、 分离及制备等多种流体 工艺装备。
本发明环形喷射泵采用把 1级环形引射器或 2级串连的环形引射器串接在 中央引射器之前的新结构。 克服了单管引射器轴向尺寸长, 抽射率低的缺点, 解决了提高引射比和增加输出压不能兼顾的难题。 它的轴向尺寸和重量都较小, 在大流量时综合性更能好, 而且结构形式多样, 适用范围较广; 具有节材、 省 空间、 工作穏定可靠的好处。
【附图说明】
图 1为本发明环形喷射泵第一个实施例的半剖结构示意图。
图 2为图 1实施例的俯视结构示意图。
图 3为图 1中 A-A向的剖视结构示意图。
图 4为本发明环形喷射泵第二个实施例的半剖结构示意图。
图 5为图 4中 C-C剖视中央喷嘴的局部结构示意图。
图 6为图 4中 C-C剖视第 2种中央喷嘴的局部示意图。
图 7为图 4中 D向视环形喷嘴的局部结构示意图。
图 8为图 4中 D向视第 2种环形喷嘴的局部结构示意图。
图 9为本发明环形喷射泵第三个实施例的半剖结构示意图。
图 10为图 9中 P向视环形喷嘴的局部结构示意图。
图 11为图 9中 P向视另一种环形喷嘴的局部结构示意图。
图 12为图 9中 Q向视二级环形喷嘴的局部结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】 一、 实施例一
本发明环形喷射泵的第一个实施例的结构, 如图 1-3 所示。 该环形喷射泵 由中心管 1、 中央喷嘴 2、 中间套 3、 外管 4和外管延长部 46组成, 该几个组成 部分在结构上形成了: 中央引射器、 设置在中央引射器的中心管外周的环形引 射器, 所述中央引射器的中央喷嘴 2设置在所述中心管 1的底部; 所述环形引 射器包括: 相对于所述中心管 1环绕设置的环形喷嘴 33、 环形混合室 51以及与 所述环形混合室 51连通的环形混合管 52, 所述环形混合管 52直通所述中央引 射器的中心混合室 61。 图 1中的上为实际的前方, 下为实际的后方。
中心管 1的前端部是直径最小的管接头 19, 前部是直径最大的外凸缘 18。 外凸缘 18的后部 15向后逐渐收缩并向内挖出一个凹槽 16, 中心管 1的后部 17 继续后逐渐收缩。请参看图 2: 外凸缘 18前端面上环绕管接头 19开有一道凹槽 11 , 并均布多个纵向通孔 13 , 这些纵向通孔 13贯穿外凸缘 18的前、 后端面到 达凹槽 16的前表面。 中心管 1的内孔 12为前大后小的阶梯型直圓孔, 从管接 头 19的前端面沿中轴线贯通到后部 17的后端面。 内孔 12前端为主流体入口, 中央喷嘴 2安装在内孔 12的后端。 中央喷嘴 2为具有多个均布的直孔 21或斜 孔的多孔喷嘴; 也可为圓锥形缩口喷嘴, 或为中间有小直径段的缩放形喷嘴。 中心管 1的外凸缘 18中部均布多个向前倾斜的横向通孔 14, 这些横向通孔 14 贯穿到内孔 12的大端根部。 各纵向通孔 13与相邻的横向通孔 14互相隔离且交 错配置。
中间套 3的主体 31前端向外延伸出环形端盖。 中间套 3的主体 31后部向 后逐渐收缩形成环形挡片 32。 中间套 3的主体 31前部与中心管 1外凸缘 18相 螺合。 中心管 1外凸缘 18的后部 15与中间套 3的主体 31后部和环形挡片 32 之间形成一个环形流道, 该环形流道经中心管 1 的各个横向通孔 14与内孔 12 连通; 该环形流道后部收缩成环形狭缝, 构成环形喷嘴 33。
外管 4沿中轴线由前向后依次设有大直径管段 41、 第一收缩锥管段 43、 过 渡管段 44、 第二收缩锥管段 45、 后直管段 451。 外管 4前端的大直径管段 41为 直圓管, 它的前部与中间套 3的外螺紋相配合; 直圓管段 41的后部均布多个进 气孔 42。 外管 4后部的后直圓管段 451螺接外管延长部 46的前部的直圓管段 461 , 对接为一个整体。 外管延长部 46 中部和后部为向后逐渐扩径的小斜度圓 锥管段即扩压管段 462。
中间套 3螺合固定于外管 4大直径管段 41前端, 中间套 3的环形端盖封闭 外管 4大直径管段 41的前端口; 中心管 1固连于环形端盖的中心孔内并同轴地 伸入外管 4的过渡管段 44。 从凹槽 16起中心管 1与外管 4的大径直管段 41、 第一收缩锥管段 43之间的环形空间构成环形混合室 51 , 外管 4大径直管段 41 位于环形混合室 51的侧壁开有多个进气孔 42。 中心管后部 17与外管 4的过渡 管段 44之间的环形空间构成环形混合管 52。 环形混合管 52呈向后逐渐缩小的 倒锥环形, 且有等截面或渐缩截面的流道。 外管 4的过渡管段 44位于中心管 1 之后的部分及外管 4的第二收缩锥管段 45构成中心混合室 61 ,外管 4的后直管 段 451和外管延长部 46的前部的直圓管段 461构成中心混合管 62。外管延长部 46的扩张管段 462的圓锥形扩张孔段构成总扩压管 63。
上述环形喷嘴 33、 环形混合室 51和环形混合管 52构成环形引射器。 外管 4前端大直径管段 41下部的各个进气孔 42组成该环形引射器的第一次流体入 口。 中心管 1外凸缘 18上的各纵向通孔 13组成该环形引射器的环形混合室的 第二次流体入口与外界连通的通道。 环形喷嘴 33伸向环形混合室 51 内, 并朝 向环形混合室 51后部的收缩锥口及环形混合管 52的出口; 环形喷嘴 33的出口 面积小于环形混合管 52的入口面积。
上述环形混合管 52的出口、 中央喷嘴 2、 中心混合室 61、 中心混合管 62 和总扩压管 63构成中央引射器, 中央喷嘴 2的出口及其周围的环形混合管 52 的出口平滑对接且直通中心混合室 61的入口,中央喷嘴 2的出口朝向中心混合管 62的出口。 环形引射器同轴串连地设置在中央引射器的前端。
主流体为压力较高的流体, 第一次流体为空气, 第二次流体为压力较低或 无压的流体。 主流体和第二次流体都可以是液体或气体或汽体或液气雾; 第二 种次流体还可为气固雾。 根据主流体引射次流体的特点及流体相态, 可以是: 用气体或汽体的主流体引射空气及液体的第二次流体, 或者用液体的主流体引 射空气及气体或汽体或气固混合物的第二次流体, 或者用液体的主流体引射空 气及液体的第二次流体, 或者用气体或气液混合物的主流体引射空气及气固混 合物的第二次流体, 或者用气液混合物的主流体引射空气及气体或气固混合物 的第二次流体等。
使用前, 应先用外接的第二次流体管道连通中心管的第二次流体入口; 并 用外接的主流体管道连通中心管 1管接头 19的主流体入口。 工作时, 将第二次 流体送入第二次流体管道, 同时将主流体送入主流体管道。
来自主流体入口的主流体在中心管 1 内分成两部分, 第一部分主流体通过 环形引射器上的环形流道、 环形喷嘴 33和环形混合室 51向环形混合管 52入口 喷射, 引射从第一次流体入口进入环形混合室 51的空气和从第二次流体入口进 入环形混合室 51的第二次流体一起进入环形混合管 52内混合,输出环形混合流。 第二部分主流体通过中央引射器中心管 1的中央喷嘴 2向中心混合管 62入口喷 射,引射从环形引射器进入中心混合室 61的环形混合流一起进入中心混合管 62 内, 从环形引射器的环形混合管 52末端输出的环形混合流的混流速度、 压力、 掺混度与从中央引射器中央喷嘴 2输出主流体的速度、 压力、 掺混度存在差异, 这使环形混合流和主流体在中央引射器的中心混合室 61、中心混合管 62和总扩 压管 63 中互相引射和二次混合,。 最终完成高压主流体抽吸两种低压次流体进 行混流输送。
若中心管的第二次流体入口输入的第二次流体也是空气, 则本实施例在环 形引射器的环形混合室 51和环形混合管 52内将空气与主流体混合为环形混合 流, 再在中央引射器的中心混合室 61、 中心混合管 62和总扩压管 63将环形混 合流与主流体混合。 完成主流体与空气的混合输送。
通过调节中间套 3与外管 4前端大直径管段 41之间的连接螺纹,使中心管 1 和中间套 3沿轴线相对外管 4前、后位移.可以改变环形混合管 52的流道通径和 喷嘴距, 以寻求和调节本环形喷射泵最适应工况变化的最佳特性参数。 二、 实施例二
本发明环形喷射泵的第二个实施例的结构, 如图 4-8 所示。 该环形喷射泵 由中心管 10、 中央喷嘴 20、 中间套 30、 外管前套管 340、 外管主部 40组成。 图 4中的上为实际的前方, 下为实际的后方。
中心管 10的前端部是直径最大的管接头 190, 前、 中部是中等直径的外凸 缘 110。 外凸缘 110与管接头 190之间设向外凸出的六方帽 180。 外凸缘 110前 部开有外螺纹。 中心管 10的后部 170是直径最小的直管段。 中心管 10的内孔 120 为前大后小的阶梯型直圓孔, 从管接头 190 的前端面沿中轴线贯通到后部 170的后端面。 内孔 120前端内径最大者为主流体入口, 中央喷嘴 20安装在内 孔 120的后端。 中心管 10的外凸缘 110中部均布一排向前倾斜的斜通孔 130和 一排横向通孔 140, 这些斜通孔 130贯穿到内孔 120大端的根部, 这些横向通孔 140贯穿到内孔 120中段的上部。 各斜通孔 130也可以不同于图 4所示, 与相邻 的横向通孔 140互相隔离且并列配置; 而是与相邻的横向通孔 140互相隔离且 交错配置。
请参看图 5 , 中央喷嘴 20为薄壁圓管上均布多个向内弯折的折叠部 230的 具有空心波瓣槽 220的波瓣喷嘴。 或者请参看图 6, 中央喷嘴 20-1为薄壁圓管 上均布多个向内弯折的折叠部 230-1的具有空心大头波瓣槽的波瓣喷嘴。 或者, 中央喷嘴 20为圓筒底部具有放射槽的波瓣喷嘴。
中间套 30的主体 3010为直圓管 3010,主体 3010的后端延伸出外侧面向后 逐渐收缩的环形挡片 3020。
本实施例中, 外管沿中轴线由前向后依次设有大直径管段、 第一收缩锥管 段、 过渡管段、 第二收缩锥管段、 后直管段。 外管前套管 340 的主体为短粗的 直圓管, 是本实施例中外管前端的大直径管段。 外管前套管 340 的主体前端面 为环形端盖, 环形端盖封闭了外管大直径管段的前端口。 该环形端盖的中心孔 向前引伸出的尺寸较小的六方螺帽段 3410。 外管前套管 340的主体中部设有一 个次流体入口 3420。 外管前套管 340的六方螺帽段 3410设内螺纹与中心管 10 外凸缘 110相螺合。 外管前套管 340主体设内螺纹, 该内螺纹的前部与中间套 3 的主体 3010的相螺合, 该内螺纹的后部与外管主部 40的前端部 410相螺合。 外管主部 40前端部 410 内侧处理为向后收缩的第一收缩锥管段。 外管主部 40 的前部是中等直径的直圓形过渡管段 420 和向后逐渐收缩的第二收缩锥管段 430。 中心管 10固连于外管前套管 340上环形端盖的中心孔并同轴地伸入外管 主部 40的过渡管段 420。 外管主部 40的中、 后部为直径最小的后直管段 440。
中间套 30后端环形挡片 3020的内前方安装环形的喷嘴座 320, 密封环 310 设在喷嘴座 320的前端面与外管前套管 340的六方螺帽段 3410后端面之间。 请 参看图 7, 喷嘴座 320与中心管 10外凸缘 110的后部之间形成一个由环形狭缝 3302和多个放射状均布的扁槽 3301 组成的类似齿轮状的扁齿槽环缝环形喷嘴 330。 密封环 310与外管前套管 340的六方螺帽段 3410后端面、 喷嘴座 320的 前表面和中心管 10外凸缘 110围出一个环形流道 3340, 该环形流道 3340前端 经中心管 10的各个斜通孔 130和各个横向通孔 140沟通中心管 10的内孔 120; 该环形流道 3340后端沟通环形喷嘴 330的入口。
同类环形喷嘴另外的一种变形结构, 请参看图 8 , 该环形喷嘴 330-1是在环 形的喷嘴座 320-1的内孔开出多个均布的波瓣槽,在喷嘴座 320-1的这些波瓣槽 中固定一个超越喷嘴座 320-1 后端面且截面形状与这些波瓣槽形状相同的波瓣 槽管 320-1 ,该波瓣槽管 320-1与中心管 10外凸缘 110的后部之间形成一个由环 形狭缝 3302-1和多个放射状均布的波瓣槽 320-1组成的波瓣槽环缝。
中间套 30、 中心管 10后部 170、 外管前套管 340主体内壁与外管主部 40 的第一收缩锥管段之间的空间构成环形混合室 510, 中心管 10后部 170后端的 中央喷嘴 20外周面与外管主部 40过渡管段 420之间的空间构成环形混合管 520。 环形喷嘴 330的喷口位于环形混合室 510内, 并朝向环形混合室 510后部的收 缩锥口及环形混合管 520的出口;环形喷嘴 330的喷口面积小于环形混合管 520 的入口面积。 上述环形喷嘴 330、环形混合室 510和环形混合管 520构成环形引 射器, 外管前套管 340的中部的次流体入口 3420组成该环形引射器的次流体入 口。
外管主部 40的过渡管段 420位于中心管 10后端中央喷嘴 20之后部分和第 二收缩锥管段内的空间为中心混合室 610; 外管主部 40的后直管段 440的直圓 孔为中心混合管 620。 上述环形混合管 520的出口、 中央喷嘴 20、 中心混合室 610及中心混合管 620构成中央引射器。 中央引射器中中央喷嘴 20的出口及其 周围的环形混合管 520的出口平滑对接且直通中心混合室 610的入口,中央喷嘴 20的出口朝向中心混合管 620的出口。
经该中央喷嘴向该中心混合室出口喷射并引射周围该环形混合管出口的环 形混合流,共同进入该中心混合管做再次混合输出, 完成高压主流体泵抽低压次 流体的混流输送。
主流体和次流体的选用已在前一实施例作了详细的说明, 这里不再赘述。 使用前, 应先用外接的次流体管道连通外套 340的次流体入口 3420; 并用 外接的主流体管道连通中心管 10管接头 190的主流体入口。 工作时, 将次流体 送入次流体管道, 同时将主流体送入主流体管道。
来自主流体入口的主流体在中心管 10内分成两部分,第一部分主流体经环 形引射器上的环形流道由环形喷嘴 330喷出并引射通入环形混合室 510的次流 体共同进入环形混合管 520 内混合并输出环形混合流。 第二部分主流体经中央 引射器的中央喷嘴 20向中心混合室 610出口喷射并引射周围环形混合管 520出 口的环形混合流, 共同进入中心混合管 620。从环形引射器的环形混合管 520末 端输出的环形混合流的混流速度、 压力、 掺混度与从中央喷嘴 20输出主流体的 速度、压力、掺混度存在差异, 这使环形混合流和主流体在中央引射器的中心混 合室 610、 中心混合管 62中互相引射和二次混合, 最终完成高压主流体抽吸低 压次流体进行混流输送。
本实施例中, 环形混合管 520的长度较短, 环形混合管 520出口超过环形 混合室 510出口的距离明显短于前一实施例中环形混合管 52出口与环形混合室 51 出口的距离。 但是若中央喷嘴采用出口设有旋流芯或出口均布多个对称倾斜 孔的旋流喷嘴, 同时环形喷嘴采用设有多个均布的斜槽或斜孔的环形旋流喷嘴; 并且该环形喷嘴与该中央喷嘴的斜旋方向相反; 则环形混合管的长度可以进一 步缩短, 环形混合管的出口可以稍超过环形混合室的出口; 从而使整个环形喷 射泵的长度大为缩短。
三、 实施例三
本发明环形喷射泵的第三个实施例, 如图 9-12所示。 图 9中的上为实际的 前方, 下为实际的后方。 该环形喷射泵中: 中心管分为中心管前段 100和中心 管后段 200; 由外管主体 400和外管延长部 4600组成的外管, 沿中轴线由前向 后依次设有大直径管段 4100、 第一收缩锥管段 4300、 前过渡管段 4400、 中间收 缩锥管段 46100、 后过渡管段 46200、 第二收缩锥管段 46300、 后直管段 46400 和扩径管段 46500; 中央喷嘴 700采用旋流喷嘴或喷雾喷嘴。
中心管前段 100的前端部是直径较大的管接头 1900, 前部是直径最大的外 凸缘 1100。 外凸缘 1100与管接头 1900之间设向外凸出的环形端盖 1800。 外凸 缘 1100的后部略微向后收缩并向内挖出一个凹槽 1500, 中心管前段 100的后部 1700继续后逐渐收缩。 中心管前段 100的内孔 1200从管接头 1900的前端面沿 中轴线贯通到后端部 1900的后端面。 内孔 1200前端为主流体入口, 内孔 1200 的前部靠近环形端盖 1800线外扩径形成环形流道 1300。 外凸缘 1100位于环形 流道 1300以后的部分构成环形喷嘴座 1400。 在环形喷嘴座 1400上设置第一环 形喷嘴。 内孔 1200的中部对应凹槽 1500设置收缩段 1600, 收缩段 1600后部靠 近内孔 1200后端处设内螺纹, 内孔 1200后端略向外扩。
在环形喷嘴座 1400上设置的第一环形喷嘴, 如图 10所示, 由设在环形喷 嘴座 1400底面上具有 U形断面或 V形断面的环状凹槽 3300与设在该环形喷嘴 座 1400上多个环形均布的直圓孔 3200或斜圓孔构成, 这些直圓孔 3200或斜圓 孔的出口与该环状凹槽 3300相贯。
或者, 第一环形喷嘴如图 11所示, 由设在环形喷嘴座 1400上多个环形均 布的直圓孔 3200-1 或斜圓孔构成, 其中在该环形喷嘴座 1400 上每个直圓孔 3200-1或斜圓孔的出口中心上分别切出一条径向的楔槽 3300-1 , 构成眼形孔喷 雾口。
中心管后段 200的前端 2010做有外螺纹。 中心管后段 200前部直径最大的 外凸段 2060后端向内挖出一个凹槽 2050, 中心管后段 200的后部 2070向后逐 渐收缩。 中心管后段 200的内孔为前大后小的阶梯形直圓孔, 其大端 2030从管 接头 2010的前端面沿中轴线贯通到外凸段 2060的凹槽 2050前方, 中心管后段 200的内孔大端 2030经一段向后收缩的过渡段衔接内孔小端 2080, 中心管后段 200的内孔小端 2080沿中轴线贯通到中心管后段 200后端面。 中央喷嘴 700安 装在中心管后段 200的内孔小端 2080的后端。 中心管后段 200的外凸段 2060 与管接头 2010交界处均布一排横向通孔 2020, 这些横向通孔 2020贯穿到中心 管后段 200内孔大端 2030。
中央喷嘴 700为锥形空心螺旋槽喷嘴,其伸出中心管后段 200内孔小端 2080 后端的喷头为圓锥体; 该圓锥体的外周面上开有螺旋槽, 该螺旋槽连通该圓锥 体的内孔。 中央喷嘴也可以采用具有内螺旋槽的旋流喷嘴; 或者中央喷嘴为带 多个环形均布的直圓孔或斜圓孔, 其中每个直圓孔或斜圓孔的出口中心上分别 切出一条径向的楔槽, 构成眼形孔喷雾口的眼形孔喷雾喷嘴
中心管前段 100的后端口套住中心管后段 200的前端外周且在这两者套接 部位的前半段螺合固定, 使中心管前段 100与中心管后段 200连成一体。 中心 管后段 200前部的各通孔 2020位于该套接部的中部。 在该套接部的后部, 中心 管前段 100的后端口内壁与中心管后段 200的前部外凸段 2060的后半部外周之 间的间隙构成二级环形喷嘴 2040。 请参看图 12, 该间隙为多条环形均布的直槽 或斜槽组成的断续的环形狭缝; 该间隙还可以为连续的环形狭缝和多条环形均 布的直槽或斜槽的组合, 该连续的环形狭缝的内侧或外侧连通这些直槽或斜槽。 中心管后段 200前部的各横向通孔 2020使二级环形喷嘴 2040的入口与中心管 后段 200内孔大端 2030连通。 外管主体 400的前部是直圓形大直径管段 4200, 中部是向后逐渐收缩的第 一收缩锥管段 4300, 外管主体 400的后部是向后逐渐收缩的前过渡管段 4400, 外管主体 400的后端设法兰盘。 外管主体 400前端大直径管段 4200的侧壁开有 一个横向的次流体入口 4200。
外管延长部 4600的前端为向后收缩的中间收缩锥管段 46100, 中间收缩锥 管段 46100的前端口设法兰盘, 该法兰盘与外管主体 400后端的法兰盘固定连 接, 使外管主体 400与外管延长部 4600对接为一个整体。 外管延长部 4600中 间收缩锥管段 46100的后端连接后过渡管段 46200,后过渡管段 46200后部衔接 第二收缩锥管段 46300, 外管延长部 4600的后部为直径最小的后直管段 46400 和扩径管段 46500。
中心管前段 100的环形端盖 1800与外管主体 400 大直径管段 4200前端口 固定连接, 环形端盖 1800封闭外管大直径管段 4200的前端口, 使中心管前段 100和中心管后段 200同轴地从前部套装在外管中, 第一环形喷嘴 3300伸入外 管的大直径管段 4200内腔; 中心管前段 100后部的二级环形喷嘴 2040伸入外 管的前过渡管段 4400底部并位于中间收缩锥管段 46100的前方,中心管后段 200 后部 2070伸入外管的后过渡管段 46200底部。
在凹槽 1500之后的中心管前段 100与外管的大径直管段 4200、第一收缩锥 管段 4300之间的环形空间构成第一环形混合室 5100; 外管前过渡管段 4400与 中心管前段 100后部 1900之间位于二级环形喷嘴 2040出口之前的环形空间构 成第一环形混合管 5200。 上述第一环形喷嘴 3300、 第一环形混合室 5100和第 一环形混合管 5200组成第一环形引射器。 其中, 第一环形喷嘴 3300的喷口伸 向第一环形混合室 5100内, 并朝向第一环形混合室 5100后部的收缩锥口及第一 环形混合管 5200的出口; 第一环形喷嘴 3300的喷口面积小于第一环形混合管 5200的入口面积。
外管前过渡管段 4400与中心管后段 200之间位于凹槽 2050到中间收缩锥 管段 46100后端的环形空间构成二级环形混合室 6100; 外管后过渡管段 46200 与中心管后段 200之间位于中间收缩锥管段 46100出口到中心管后段 200后端 中央喷嘴 700的出口之前的环形空间构成二级环形混合管 6200; 上述第一环形 混合管 5200的出口、 二级环形喷嘴 2040、 二级环形混合室 6100和二级环形混 合管 6200构成二级环形引射器。 外管主体 400后部第一环形混合管 5200的出 口构成二级环形引射器的次流体入口。 二级环形喷嘴 2040设于二级环形混合室 6100内并被第一环形混合管 5200出口围在中间,二级环形喷嘴 2040的出口朝向 二级环形混合管 6200的出口。
外管的后过渡管段 46200位于中心管后段 200后端中央喷嘴 700之后部分 和第二收缩锥管段 46300构成中心混合室 8100; 外管的后直管段 46400的直圓 孔构成中心混合管 8200。 外管的扩径管段 46500的锥形内孔构成扩压管 8300。 二级环形混合管 6200的出口与中央混合室 8100的入口平滑对接且直通中央混 合管 8200和扩压管 8300。 中央喷嘴 700的出口朝向中心混合管 8200和扩压管 8300的出口。上述二级环形混合管 6200的出口、中央喷嘴 700、中心混合室 8100、 中心混合管 8200和扩压管 8300构成中央引射器。 环形引射器同轴串连地设置 在中央引射器的前端。 二级环形混合管 6200的出口为该中央引射器的次流体入 口。
主流体和次流体的选用已在第一个实施例作了详细的说明,这里不再赘述。 使用前, 应先用外接的次流体管道连通外管主体 400的次流体入口 4200; 并用外接的主流体管道经中心管前段 100的管接头 1900连通主流体入口。 工作 时, 将次流体送入次流体管道, 同时将主流体送入主流体管道。
来自主流体入口的主流体在中心管内分成三部分, 主流体的第一部分经环 形流道 1300由第一环形喷嘴 3300喷出并引射通入第一环形混合室 5100的次流 体共同进入第一环形混合管 5200内掺混并输出第一环形混合流。 主流体的第二 部分进入中心管后段 200内通过二级环形引射器上的二级环形喷嘴 2040喷出并 引射从第一环形混合管 5200进入第二环形混合室 6100的第一环形混合流一起 进入第二环形混合管 6200内第二次掺混, 输出第二环形混合流; 主流体的第三 部分通过中心管后段 200末端的中央喷嘴 700向中心混合管 8200入口喷射,引射 从第二环形引射器进入中心混合室 8100的第二环形混合流一起进入中心混合管 8200 内,从第二环形引射器的环形混合管 6200末端输出的第二环形混合流的混 流速度、 压力、 掺混度与从中心管延长部 200末端中央喷嘴 700输出主流体的 速度、压力、掺混度存在差异, 这使第二环形混合流和主流体在中心混合室 8100 和中心混合管 8200中互相引射和第三次掺混, 最终完成高压主流体抽吸低压次 流体进行混流从扩压管 8300向外输送。
若中心管不采用上述分段的方式, 可在中心管中段的外周设二级环形喷嘴 座, 使二级环形喷嘴成为环形配置在该二级环形喷嘴座上的多个圓孔或该二级 环形喷嘴座与中心管之间环形配置的多个扁槽; 或使二级环形喷嘴为配置在该 二级环形喷嘴座与中心管之间的环形狭缝与环形配置的多个圓孔或扁槽的组 合。
以上所述, 仅为本发明较佳实施例, 不以此限定本发明实施的范围, 依本 发明的技术方案及说明书内容所作的等效变化与修饰, 皆应属于本发明涵盖的 范围。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种环形喷射泵, 包括:
中央引射器, 该中央引射器设置有: 中心管、 设置在中心管出端的中央喷 嘴、 中心混合室以及中心混合管;
多个设置在所述中央引射器的中心管外周的环形引射器, 该环形引射器设 置有: 相对于所述中心管环绕设置的环形喷嘴、 环形混合室以及与所述环形混 合室直通的环形混合管;
该环形混合管出口直通所述中央引射器的中心混合室入口, 中心混合室出 口直通中心混合管; 设于环形喷射泵入端中央的主流体入口分别连通所述中央 喷嘴和环形喷嘴,设于环形喷射泵入端周围的次流体入口直通所述环形混合室。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种环形喷射泵, 其中, 所述环形引射器的环形 喷嘴入口与一环形缝连通, 所述中心管上设置有通孔, 所述环形缝经所述通孔 与所述中心管的内孔连通。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种环形喷射泵, 其中, 所述环形喷射泵还 包括设置在所述环形引射器出端的二级环形引射器, 所述二级环形引射器的二 级环形喷嘴设置在所述环形引射器的出口, 直接通入所述二级环形引射器的二 级环形混合室, 所述二级环形引射器的出口直通所述中央引射器的中心混合室。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的一种环形喷射泵, 其中, 所述中心管上设置有通 孔, 所述二级环形喷嘴的出口位于二级环形混合室内,并朝向所述二级环形混合 管, 所述二级环形喷嘴的入口经所述中心管上设置有通孔与中心管的内孔连通。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种环形喷射泵, 其中, 所述环形引射器的 环形喷嘴可前后移动以改变所述环形混合管的流动通径以及喷嘴距。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种环形喷射泵, 其中, 所述中央引射器的中心 混合室出端呈收缩锥形的漏斗状 , 该漏斗状出口与中心混合管入口平滑相连, 所述中心混合管为直圓管,该直圓管尾端设置延轴向逐渐扩张直径的小斜度圓锥 管段即扩压管。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种环形喷射泵, 其中, 所述环形喷嘴与所述中 央引射器的中央喷嘴为设有多个倾斜孔的旋流喷嘴, 所述中央喷嘴与所述环形 喷嘴的斜旋方向相反。
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种环形喷射泵, 其中, 所述环形引射器上设置 有第一次流体入口以及第二次流体入口。
9.一种环形喷射泵, 包括:外管、 中心管、 环形端盖、 中央喷嘴和环形喷嘴; 该外管沿中轴线由前向后依次设有大直径管段、 第一收缩锥管段、 过渡管段、 第二收缩锥管段、 后直管段; 该环形端盖封闭该外管大直径管段的前端口; 该 中心管固连于该环形端盖的中心孔并同轴地伸入该外管的过渡管段; 该中心管 内孔的前端为主流体入口, 该内孔的后端设该中央喷嘴; 该环形喷嘴设在该外 管大直径管段与该中心管之间, 并与该环形端盖之间形成一个环形流道, 该环 形流道与该中心管的内孔及该环形喷嘴的入口连通; 在该环形喷嘴之后的该中 心管与该外管的大径直管段、 第一收缩锥管段之间的环形空间构成环形混合室, 该外管大径直管段位于该环形混合室的侧壁开有次流体入口; 该中心管与该外 管的过渡管段之间的环形空间构成环形混合管; 该外管的过渡管段位于该中心 管之后的部分及该外管的第二收缩锥管段构成中心混合室, 该外管的后直管段 构成中心混合管; 上述环形喷嘴、 环形混合室和环形混合管构成环形引射器, 上述环形混合管的出口、 中央喷嘴、 中心混合室及中心混合管构成中央引射器, 该环形引射器同轴串连地设置在该中央引射器的前端;
该环形引射器中的环形喷嘴的喷口伸向该环形混合室内, 并朝向该环形混 合室后部的收缩锥口及该环形混合管的出口;
该中央引射器中的中央喷嘴的出口及其周围的该环形混合管的出口平滑对 接且直通该中心混合室的入口, 该中央喷嘴的出口朝向该中心混合管的出口。
10.根据权利要求 9所述的一种环形喷射泵, 其中, 所述的中心管外周上靠 近所述的环形端盖处设置外凸缘, 该外凸缘与所述外管大直径管段前端之间设 有可前后移动的中间套; 所述的环形混合管呈向后逐渐缩小的倒锥环形, 且有 等截面或渐缩截面的流道。
11.根据权利要求 10所述的一种环形喷射泵, 其中, 所述中心管外凸缘与所 述的中间套之间形成所述的环形流道和所述的环形喷嘴。
12.根据权利要求 11所述的一种环形喷射泵, 其中, 所述的环形喷嘴由所述 中心管的外凸缘与所述中间套之间的环形缝隙或环形均布的槽或上述两者的组 合构成; 该环形缝隙为圓环缝或波瓣槽环缝或扁齿槽环缝; 该环形均布的槽在 横断面上呈放射状分布,在纵向上这些槽与所述环形喷嘴的中轴线平行或相斜。
13.根据权利要求 10所述的一种环形喷射泵, 其中, 所述中心管的外凸缘上 均布多个纵横交叉隔离的通孔, 其中的纵向通孔贯通所述中心管外凸缘的前、 后端面, 它们为环形混合室的第二次流体入口与外界连通的通道; 其中的横向 通孔使所述中心管的内孔与所述的环形流道连通。
14.根据权利要求 9所述的一种环形喷射泵, 其中, 所述环形喷嘴由设在所 述中心管与所述外管之间的环形喷嘴座上多个环形均布的直圓孔或斜圓孔构 成; 或者, 所述环形喷嘴由设在所述中心管与所述外管之间的环形喷嘴座底面 上具有 U形断面或 V形断面的环状凹槽与设在该环形喷嘴座上多个环形均布的 直圓孔或斜圓孔构成, 这些直圓孔或斜圓孔的出口与该环状凹槽相贯; 或者, 所述环形喷嘴由设在所述中心管与所述外管之间的环形喷嘴座上多个环形均布 的直圓孔或斜圓孔构成, 其中在该环形喷嘴座上每个直圓孔或斜圓孔的出口中 心上分别切出一条径向的楔槽, 构成眼形孔喷雾口。
15.根据权利要求 9所述的一种环形喷射泵, 其中, 所述的中央喷嘴为圓锥 形缩口喷嘴; 或所述的中央喷嘴为中间有小直径段的缩放形喷嘴; 或所述的中 央喷嘴为具有多个均布的直孔或斜孔的多孔喷嘴; 或所述的中央喷嘴为具有空 心波瓣槽或空心大头波瓣槽或放射槽的波瓣喷嘴; 或所述的中央喷嘴为锥形空 心螺旋槽喷嘴; 或所述的中央喷嘴为具有内螺旋槽的旋流喷嘴; 或所述的中央 喷嘴为带多个环形均布的直圓孔或斜圓孔, 其中每个直圓孔或斜圓孔的出口中 心上分别切出一条径向的楔槽, 构成眼形孔喷雾口的眼形孔喷雾喷嘴。
16.根据权利要求 15所述的一种环形喷射泵, 其中, 所述环形混合管入段设 有喉管, 该喉管具有渐缩径的环形导入锥孔, 且具有所述环形混合管轴向全程 中的最小通径。
17.根据权利要求 15所述的一种环形喷射泵, 其中, 所述中央喷嘴为出口设 有旋流芯或出口均布多个对称倾斜孔的旋流喷嘴, 所述环形喷嘴设有多个均布 的斜槽或斜孔; 所述环形喷嘴与所述中央喷嘴的斜旋方向相反。
18.根据权利要求 15所述的一种环形喷射泵, 其中, 所述外管的过渡管段中 部串接有中间收缩锥管段; 所述中心管分为同心套接的前、 后两段; 该两段之 间的套接处的环形狭缝形成二级环形喷嘴, 该二级环形喷嘴的入口连通所述中 心管的内孔; 所述外管过渡管段与所述中心管之间位于该二级环形喷嘴出口之 前的环形空间为所述的环形混合管, 所述外管过渡管段与所述中心管之间位于 该二级环形喷嘴出口之后到该中间收缩锥管段后端的环形空间为二级环形混合 室, 所述外管过渡管段与所述中心管之间位于该中间收缩锥管段出口到所述中 心管后段出端所述的中央喷嘴的出口之前的环形空间为二级环形混合管; 上述 环形混合管的出口、 二级环形喷嘴、 二级环形混合室和二级环形混合管构成二 级环形引射器; 该二级环形喷嘴设于该二级环形混合室内并被所述环形混合管 出口围在中间, 该二级环形喷嘴的出口朝向该二级环形混合管;该二级环形混合 管出口与所述中央混合室的入口平滑对接且直通所述的中央混合管; 该连通主 流体入口的二级环形喷嘴的喷流引射其周围前级环形混合管出口混流,共同进入 后部的二级环形混合室和二级环形混合管进行第二次掺混, 从二级环形混合管 出口输出的混流受中央喷嘴输出主流体的引射, 共同进入中心混合室及中心混 合管进行第三次掺混。
19.根据权利要求 18所述的一种环形喷射泵, 其中, 所述的二级环形喷嘴为 环形配置的多个圓孔或扁槽; 或所述的二级环形喷嘴为环形狭缝与环形配置的 多个圓孔或扁槽的组合; 或所述的二级环形喷嘴为双环形配置的多个圓孔的组 合。
20. 根据权利要求 18所述的一种环形喷射泵, 其中, 所述的中心管分为中 心管前段和中心管后段, 该中心管前段的后端口套住该中心管后段的前部外周 且在这两者套接部位的前半段固定连接; 该中心管后段的前部对应该套接部的 中部位置设多个横向的通孔连通该中心管后段的内孔; 在该套接部的后部, 该 中心管前段的后端口内壁与该中心管后段的前部外周之间的间隙构成所述的二 级环形喷嘴; 该间隙为连续的环形狭缝; 或该间隙为多条环形均布的直槽或斜 槽组成的断续的环形狭缝; 或该间隙为连续的环形狭缝和多条环形均布的直槽 或斜槽的组合, 该连续的环形狭缝的内侧或外侧连通这些直槽或斜槽。
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