WO2013027988A2 - 트랜스-스플라이싱 라이보자임 및 암치료 유전자를 포함하는 재조합 아데노바이러스 및 이의 용도 - Google Patents
트랜스-스플라이싱 라이보자임 및 암치료 유전자를 포함하는 재조합 아데노바이러스 및 이의 용도 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
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- A61K35/76—Viruses; Subviral particles; Bacteriophages
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K48/00—Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseases; Gene therapy
- A61K48/005—Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseases; Gene therapy characterised by an aspect of the 'active' part of the composition delivered, i.e. the nucleic acid delivered
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
- C12N15/85—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for animal cells
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- C12N2710/10011—Adenoviridae
- C12N2710/10041—Use of virus, viral particle or viral elements as a vector
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a recombinant adenovirus comprising a trans-splicing ribozyme and a cancer treatment gene and its use, and more particularly, the present invention relates to a trans-splicing ribozyme acting on a cancer specific gene-HSVtk Recombinant adenovirus comprising a polynucleotide encoding a complex and a cancer treatment gene, a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating cancer comprising the recombinant adenovirus as an active ingredient, and the recombinant adenovirus or pharmaceutical composition to an individual in need of treatment A method of treating cancer comprising the step of administering.
- Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in Korea, and many studies have been conducted to conquer cancer, but it is an incurable disease that has not yet been conquered.
- Conventional treatments for cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, but many methods have been limited. Recently, different treatments are being studied. Among them, gene therapy is being actively studied.
- Gene therapy refers to a method of genetically treating a congenital or acquired gene abnormality that is difficult to treat by conventional methods.
- gene therapy may be performed by expressing therapeutic proteins by administering genetic material such as DNA and RNA in the human body to treat and prevent chronic diseases such as congenital or acquired genetic defects, viral diseases, cancer or cardiovascular diseases.
- genetic material such as DNA and RNA
- chronic diseases such as congenital or acquired genetic defects, viral diseases, cancer or cardiovascular diseases.
- As a treatment method to suppress the expression of a specific protein it is expected to overcome the incurable disease as well as to replace the existing medical methods, since the cause of the disease can be interpreted at the genetic level.
- Gene therapy for cancer may be classified into immunological gene therapy that induces an immune response in the human body and gene therapy in which the genes used directly destroy or induce cancer cells. In the latter case, the role of the vector to carry and express the gene into the cell is very important.
- Adenovirus vectors are the most promising because of the high efficiency of gene transfer, the ability to transfer the gene into undifferentiated cells, and the ease of producing high titers of viral storage. It is recognized as one of gene therapy vectors.
- adenovirus vectors for gene therapy delete a series of genes essential for replication, and incorporate a cytomegalovirus (CMV) or loose sarcoma virus (RSV) promoter with high levels of promoter activity to biomark the therapeutic protein. It is expressed with high efficiency inside.
- CMV cytomegalovirus
- RSV loose sarcoma virus
- cancer tissue targeted therapy has been attempted in an effort to reduce the side effects caused by the expression of many of the target genes that can be used for gene therapy in normal cells that have a high degree of cell division (Fukuzawa). et al., Cancer Res 64: 363-369, 2004).
- a method of using a tissue-specific promoter instead of CMV or RSV is being considered, but due to the disadvantage of poor therapeutic efficacy instead of increasing specificity, it has not been brought to practical use.
- trans-splicing ribozymes based on these Group I introns target specific RNAs that are specifically expressed only in the gene transcripts or disease cells associated with the disease, correcting them with normal RNA, or It is expected that reprogramming to be replaced with therapeutic gene transcripts could lead to disease specific and safe gene therapy techniques.
- trans-splicing ribozymes can induce expression of therapeutic gene products we desire while eliminating disease specific RNA, thus doubling the therapeutic effect.
- Therapeutic genes used in gene therapy methods include thymidine kinase (hereinafter abbreviated to HSVtk) of herpes simplex virus, cytosine deaminoase (CD) of E. coli and purine nucleoside phosphorylase of E. coli. Genes and the like (hereinafter abbreviated as PNP) are known. Gene therapy using them is called gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (GDEPT), and they all have in common the use of prodrugs.
- Prodrugs used in GDEPT include hepacyclovir (GCV), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and 6-methylpurine-2-deoxyriboside (6-MeP-dR), respectively, HSV-TK, It is used together with CD and PNP.
- Prodrugs that are not cytotoxic are converted into drugs that are toxic to cells by the introduced genes, which are mainly activated by phosphorylation.
- the advantage of gene therapy using suicide genes is that the so-called bystander effect of killing adjacent cells by activated drugs in the cells into which these genes are introduced is the best strategy that can be taken with low efficiency of gene introduction. It is a technology called.
- HSVtk in these gene therapy strategies is quite common. Specifically, the HSVtk / GCV system is disclosed in WO 90/07936, US 5,837,510, US 5,861,290, WO 98/04290, WO 97/37542 and US 5,631,236, as one of the most widely used methods of suicide gene therapy.
- Cells expressing the HSVtk gene can phosphorylate liver cyclovir (GCV), which can interfere with the replication of DNA and induce cell death. This method is currently used in more than 30 clinical trials for gene therapy of various human cancers.
- GCV liver cyclovir
- PD-1 programmed death-1
- PD-1 is a 55 kDa type I transmembrane protein that forms part of the Ig correlation gene and is well known as a co-inhibitor of T cells belonging to the immunoglobulin molecular group. That is, PD-1 is a member of an inhibitory factor belonging to the CD28 group of receptors (eg, including CD28, CTLA-4, ICOS and BTLA) expressed on activated B cells, T cells and bone marrow cells.
- Ligands for PD-1 include PD-L1 and PD-L2, which are known to downregulate T cell activation when binding to PD-1.
- PD-1 is not expressed in normal T cells in a normal state but increases in expression when the cells are activated.
- PD-L1 is found in large numbers in many human cancers, and the interaction of PD-1 with PD-L1 delivers a stimulatory or inhibitory signal to T cells.
- tumor invasive lymphocytes are reduced, T cell receptor mediated proliferation is reduced, and immune evasion by cancer cells occurs. Therefore, in recent studies, studies are being made to treat cancer by effectively inducing anti-cancer immune responses by blocking signal transduction of PD-1 or PD-L1.
- the present inventors have diligently researched to develop a cancer treatment gene therapy method with improved tissue specificity and therapeutic efficacy.
- the present inventors have encoded a cancer tissue specific trans-splicing ribozyme-HSVtk (Human Simplex Virus thymidine kinase) complex.
- Recombinant adenoviruses designed to include polynucleotides and the sPD-1 gene, which is a cancer treatment gene not only show excellent therapeutic effects specific to cancer tissues, but also significantly reduce side effects of gene therapy. It was.
- One object of the present invention is to provide a recombinant adenovirus comprising a polynucleotide encoding a trans-splicing ribozyme-HSVtk complex that acts on a cancer specific gene and a cancer therapeutic gene.
- Another object of the present invention to provide a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating cancer comprising the recombinant adenovirus as an active ingredient.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating cancer in animals other than humans, comprising administering the recombinant adenovirus or pharmaceutical composition to a subject in need thereof.
- the recombinant adenovirus of the present invention not only shows selectivity for cancer cells by trans-splicing ribozymes acting on cancer-specific genes, but also shows elevated anti-cancer activity by cancer treatment genes, thereby effectively preventing cancer. And may be widely used for treatment.
- Trans-splicing ribozymes use antisense mTERT RNA sequences to specifically recognize mTERT RNA and cleave mTERT RNA at the 3 'end of an internal-guided-sequence (IGS).
- IGS internal-guided-sequence
- the 5 'end of the HSVtk coding RNA portion of the trans-splicing ribozyme is linked to the truncated end of the mTERT RNA. Possible base bonds between mTERT target mRNA and ribozyme are indicated by vertical lines.
- FIG. 2 shows the regulatory effect of adenovirus HSVtk gene expression by mouse TERT-TR.
- Ad5mTR an E1 / E3-deficient adenovirus
- Ad5MOCK is a control of E1 / E3-deficient adenovirus.
- CT26 cells (3 ⁇ 10 3 ) were seeded in 96-well plates and then exposed to Ad5MOCK or Ad5mTR of various MOIs in the presence of 100 ⁇ M GCV. The cytotoxicity was measured on day 3 of infection using the cell proliferation assay kit. Data are expressed as mean ⁇ standard deviation for three assays.
- Ad5mTR.sPD1 codes for mTERT-TR-HSVtk under the control of the CMV promoter in the E1 region and sPD1-Ig under the control of the EF1 ⁇ promoter in the E3 region.
- HEK293 cells (4 ⁇ 10 5 ) were infected with 2MOI of adenovirus for 48 hours, disrupted with RIPA buffer, followed by immunoblot analysis. SPD1-Ig expression by Ad5mTR.sPD1 (80 ⁇ g protein per lane) was confirmed using anti-PD1 antibody.
- HSVtk enzymatic activity in phosphorylated GCV was assessed in CT26 cells by measuring the accumulation of radioisotope labeled PCV (1 ⁇ Ci / ml). Data are expressed as mean ⁇ standard deviation for three assays.
- FIG. 5 shows the expression of PD-L1 on the surface of CT26 colon cancer cells in mice.
- a Total RNA was prepared in each cell and PD-L1 transcript was detected by RT-PCR.
- Mouse liver cancer cells (Hepa-1) were analyzed using a comparison group.
- b PD-L1 protein was analyzed on the surface of each cell by flow cytometry.
- CT26 cells were infected with Ad5MOCK, Ad5mTR or Ad5mTR.sPD1 of various MOIs with 100 ⁇ M GCV. After 3 days, cytotoxicity was measured by the method of FIG. 1D. Data are expressed as mean ⁇ standard deviation for three assays.
- CT26 cells (1 ⁇ 10 6 ) were subcutaneously inoculated on both sides of BALB / c mice. The tumors were treated with 5 ⁇ 10 8 PFU of Ad5MOCK, Ad5EF1 ⁇ .sPD1, Ad5mTR or Ad5mTR.sPD1.
- GCV 75 mg / kg
- Figure 9 shows the inhibitory effect of secondary tumors by Ad5mTR.sPD1 treatment.
- CT26 tumors were subcutaneously transplanted into BALB / c mice and injected with 5 ⁇ 10 8 PFU of Ad5mTR.sPD1 three times at three day intervals. Two weeks after the initial treatment, 1 x 10 6 tumor cells were introduced on the opposite side. One day after the first virus injection, GCV (75 mg / kg) was intraperitoneally injected and injected for 12 days. Tumor size was measured every three days.
- GCV 75 mg / kg
- Tumor size was measured every three days.
- E.G7 tumors were subcutaneously transplanted into C57 / BL6 mice and the same method as in (a) above was performed.
- Seven days after the secondary tumor was inoculated the tumor size of the sites inoculated in mice pretreated with Ad5mTR.sPD1 and untreated mice was measured. Data are expressed as mean ⁇ standard deviation.
- the present invention is a trans-splicing ribozyme-HSVtk (Human), which acts on a cancer specific gene, Tomer (Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase) mRNA (SEQ ID NO: 1)
- a recombinant adenovirus comprising a polynucleotide encoding a Simplex Virus thymidine kinase) complex and a cancer therapeutic gene.
- cancer specific gene means a gene that is specifically expressed or significantly overexpressed only in cancer cells.
- the cancer specific gene may add a feature in which the ribozyme according to the present invention may act cancer-specifically.
- cancer-specific genes include mRNA of Telomerase reverse transcriptase (ERTT), alphafetoprotein (AFP) mRNA, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) mRNA, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) mRNA, or cytoskeleton-associated protein 2 (CKAP2) mRNA. It may be, but is not particularly limited thereto.
- TERT Telomerase reverse transcriptase
- TERT Telomerase reverse transcriptase
- the term "Telomerase reverse transcriptase” (TERT) of the present invention is one of the most important enzymes that regulates the ability of cancer cells to survive and their ability to proliferation, and forms a terminal granule structure on the chromosome to protect the end of the chromosome. Through means an enzyme that inhibits the aging of cells. In normal cells, every time the cell divides, the length of the terminal granules decreases little by little, resulting in the loss of genetic material and the cell death. However, in cancer cells, since the enzyme continues to prolong the terminal granules, the cells do not die and are known to be a serious obstacle to treating cancer by directly contributing to the immortality of cancer cells.
- telomerases have telomerase activity of 80-90% in germ cells, hematopoietic cells and cancer cells that replicate indefinitely, but normal cells around cancer cells do not have that activity.
- the TERT may be used as a direct target of the cancer treatment gene provided by the present invention, but is not particularly limited thereto.
- the term "ribozyme” refers to an RNA molecule having enzymatic activity that exhibits trans-splicing activity and self-splicing activity.
- the ribozyme inhibits the activity of cancer-specific genes through a trans-splicing reaction, and as a result, may exhibit selective anti-cancer effects, and is expressed in a conjugated form with cancer treatment genes. Since it can be used as a means for carrying out the role of activating a cancer therapy gene, any form of thing can be used as long as it exhibits the activity which inactivates a cancer specific gene and can activate a cancer therapy gene.
- the base of Rib67 ribozyme or SEQ ID NO: 2 which is a hTERT target trans-splicing group I ribozyme that has been demonstrated to be capable of recognizing and trans-splicing mRNA of TERT (Telomerase reverse transcriptase) specific for cancer It may be a ribozyme encoded by a polynucleotide having a sequence, but is not particularly limited thereto.
- HSVtk Herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase
- HSVtk Herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase
- This enzyme converts non-toxic prodrugs into toxic substances and is one of the most susceptible genes that cause the cells into which the genes are introduced to die.
- the HSVtk gene may be used as a cancer treatment gene that is expressed in a conjugated form to ribozyme and exhibits anticancer activity.
- Such HSVtk gene may preferably have a nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 3, Genbank accession numbers AAP13943, P03176, AAA45811, P04407, Q9QNF7, KIBET3, P17402, P06478, P06479, AAB30917, P08333, BAB84107 , AAP13885, AAL73990, AAG40842, BAB11942, NP_044624, NP_044492, CAB06747, etc., but is not particularly limited thereto.
- the term “anti-cancer therapeutic gene” refers to a polynucleotide sequence that encodes a polypeptide that exhibits a therapeutic effect upon expression in cancer cells.
- the cancer treatment gene may be expressed in a conjugated form with the ribozyme or independently, and may exhibit anticancer activity.
- the cancer treatment gene for the purposes of the present invention include drug-sensitive genes, apoptosis genes, cytostatic genes, cytotoxic genes, tumor suppressor genes, antigenic genes, cytokine genes, anti-angiogenic genes, and the like.
- the cancer treatment gene may be used alone or in combination of two or more thereof.
- drug-sensitizing gene refers to a gene for an enzyme that converts a non-toxic precursor (drug-sensitizing gene) into a toxic substance, and suicide gene (suicide) because the cells into which the gene is introduced are killed. Also called gene.
- the drug-sensitive genes include HSVtk (Herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase) gene, ganciclovir, and E. coli cytosine deaminase (CD) gene, 5-fluorocytosine ( 5-fluorocytosine, 5-FC) and the like, but is not particularly limited thereto.
- the term "proapoptotic gene” refers to a nucleotide sequence that is expressed and induces programmed cell death.
- the apoptosis gene includes p53, adenovirus E3-11.6K (derived from Ad2 and Ad5) or adenovirus E3-10.5K (derived from Ad), adenovirus E4 gene, p53 pathway gene, caspa Gene encoding the agent, and the like, but is not particularly limited thereto.
- cytostatic gene refers to a nucleotide sequence that is expressed in a cell and stops the cell cycle during the cell cycle.
- the cell proliferation inhibitory genes include p21, retinoblastoma gene, E2F-Rb fusion protein gene, genes encoding cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (eg, p16, p15, p18 and p19), growth Stop arrest specific homeobox (GAX) genes, and the like, but is not particularly limited thereto.
- cytotoxic gene refers to a nucleotide sequence that is expressed in a cell and exhibits a toxic effect.
- the cytotoxic gene may be a nucleotide sequence encoding Pseudomonas exotoxin, lysine toxin, diphtheria toxin, and the like, but is not particularly limited thereto.
- tumor suppressor gene refers to a nucleotide sequence that can be expressed in target cells to inhibit tumor phenotype or induce apoptosis.
- Tumor necrosis factor- ⁇ (TNF- ⁇ ), p53 gene, APC gene, DPC-4 / Smad4 gene, BRCA-1 gene, BRCA-2 gene, WT-1 gene, retinoblastoma gene, MMAC-1 gene, adenomatous polyposis coil protein, missing colon tumor (DCC) gene, MMSC-2 gene, NF-1 gene, chromosome 3p21.3
- the throat throat suppressor gene, MTS1 gene, CDK4 gene, NF-1 gene, NF-2 gene, VHL gene, and soluble programmed death-1 (sPD-1) located at, but are not limited thereto. .
- sPD-1 soluble programmed death-1
- PD-1 programmed death-1
- PD-1 programmed death-1
- PD-L1 the extracellular domain of.
- the interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1 results in reduced tumor invasive lymphocytes, reduced T cell receptor mediated proliferation, and immune evasion by cancer cells. It has been reported that sPD-1, an advantageous embodiment of, can effectively induce anti-cancer immune responses by inhibiting immune dues due to the interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1.
- the sPD-1 gene may be conjugated to a cancer-specific gene by trans-splicing activity of the ribozyme according to the present invention and used as a therapeutic gene in cancer cells. It may have a base sequence represented by, but is not particularly limited thereto.
- the term "antigenic gene” refers to a nucleotide sequence that is expressed in target cells to produce cell surface antigenic proteins that can be recognized by the immune system.
- the antigenic gene may be carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), p53, etc., but is not particularly limited thereto.
- cytokine gene refers to a nucleotide sequence that is expressed in a cell to produce a cytokine.
- the cytokine gene is GM-CSF, interleukin (IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-12, IL-10, IL-19, IL-20), interferon ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ (interferon ⁇ -2b), fusions such as interferon ⁇ -2 ⁇ -1, and the like, but are not particularly limited thereto.
- anti-angiogenic gene refers to a nucleotide sequence that is expressed and releases anti-angiogenic factors out of the cell.
- the anti-angiogenic gene may be angiostatin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor, endostatin, and the like, but is not particularly limited thereto.
- VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor
- adenovirus of the present invention has the same meaning as an adenovirus vector and means a virus belonging to the genus Adenovirus.
- the adenoviridia includes all animal adenoviruses of the genus mastadenovirus.
- human adenoviruses include the AF subgenra and their respective serotypes, wherein the AF subgenus is human adenovirus type 1, type 2, type 3, type 4, type 4a, Type 5, Type 6, Type 7, Type 8, Type 9, Type 10, Type 11 (Ad11A and Ad11P), Type 12, Type 13, Type 14, Type 15, Type 15 Type 16, Type 17, Type 18, Type 19, Type 19a, Type 20, Type 21, Type 22, Type 23, Type 24, Type 25, Type 26, Type 27 Type 28, type 29, type 30, type 31, type 32, type 33, type 34, type 34a, type 35, type 35p, type 36, type 37 Type 38, Type 39, Type 40, Type 41, Type 42, Type 43, Type 44, Type 45, Type 46, Type 47, Type 47, Type 48, Type 91, etc.
- the AF subgenus is human adenovirus type 1, type 2, type 3, type 4, type 4a, Type 5, Type 6, Type 7, Type 8, Type 9, Type 10, Type 11 (Ad11A and Ad11P), Type 12, Type 13, Type 14, Type 15, Type 15 Type 16, Type 17, Type
- the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating cancer comprising the recombinant adenovirus as an active ingredient.
- the recombinant adenovirus provided by the present invention includes a polynucleotide encoding a trans-splicing ribozyme-HSVtk complex and a cancer treatment gene that acts on a cancer-specific gene, TERT, and is administered to cancer cells in which the TERT is expressed.
- TERT cancer-specific gene
- HSVtk dissociated from the trans-splicing ribozyme-HSVtk complex due to TERT and dissociated HSVtk may not only be cytotoxic but also induce an attack on immune cells by cancer treatment genes. Play a role.
- the recombinant adenovirus of the present invention is superior to cancer cells because HSVtk does not dissociate from the trans-splicing ribozyme-HSVtk complex when administered to normal cells that do not express TERT. As it exhibits selectivity, it can be used for safer cancer treatment.
- cancer refers to a problem in the regulation of normal division, differentiation and death of cells, abnormally overproliferating, invading surrounding tissues and organs to form agglomerates and destroying or modifying existing structures.
- State cells or tissues such as pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, brain tumors, head and neck carcinoma, melanoma, myeloma, leukemia, lymphoma, liver cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, bone cancer, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, rectal cancer, esophageal cancer, small intestine Cancer, anal muscle cancer, colon cancer, fallopian tube carcinoma, endometrial carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, vaginal carcinoma, vulvar carcinoma, Hodgkin's disease, bladder cancer, kidney cancer, ureter cancer, renal cell carcinoma, renal pelvic carcinoma and central nervous system tumor It may be, but is not particularly limited thereto.
- prevention of the present invention means any action that inhibits or delays the onset of cancer by administration of a recombinant adenovirus or composition according to the present invention.
- treatment of the present invention means any action in which cancer is improved or beneficially altered by administration of a recombinant adenovirus or composition according to the present invention.
- composition for preventing or treating cancer of the present invention may further include a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, excipient or diluent.
- Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients and diluents that may be used in the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention include lactose, dextrose, sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, erythritol, maltitol, starch, acacia rubber, alginate, Gelatin, calcium phosphate, calcium silicate, calcium carbonate, cellulose, methyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, water, methylhydroxybenzoate, propylhydroxy benzoate, talc, magnesium stearate, mineral oil and the like.
- compositions of the present invention may be used in the form of powders, granules, tablets, capsules, suspensions, emulsions, syrups, aerosols and the like, oral formulations, external preparations, suppositories, and sterile injectable solutions according to conventional methods.
- diluents or excipients such as fillers, extenders, binders, wetting agents, disintegrating agents and surfactants are usually used.
- Solid preparations for oral administration include tablets, pills, powders, granules, capsules, and the like, which solid preparations contain at least the turmeric or turmeric extract, the linarol compound isolated therefrom or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- excipients such as starch, calcium carbonate, sucrose or lactose, gelatin and the like are mixed to prepare.
- lubricants such as magnesium stearate and talc are also used.
- Liquid preparations for oral administration include suspensions, solvents, emulsions, and syrups.
- simple diluents such as water and liquid paraffin
- various excipients such as wetting agents, sweeteners, fragrances, and preservatives may be included.
- Formulations for parenteral administration include sterile aqueous solutions, non-aqueous solvents, suspensions, emulsions, lyophilized preparations, suppositories.
- non-aqueous solvent and suspending agent propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, vegetable oil such as olive oil, injectable ester such as ethyl oleate and the like can be used.
- base of the suppository witepsol, macrogol, tween 61, cacao butter, laurin butter, glycerogelatin and the like can be used.
- the invention provides a method of treating cancer comprising administering the recombinant adenovirus or pharmaceutical composition in a pharmaceutically effective amount to an individual in need thereof.
- the term “pharmaceutically effective amount” means an amount sufficient to treat a disease at a reasonable benefit / risk ratio applicable to medical treatment, and the effective dose level refers to a patient's sexually transmitted disease, age, type of disease, and severity. , The activity of the drug, the sensitivity to the drug, the time of administration, the route of administration and the rate of release, the duration of treatment, factors including the concurrent drug and other factors well known in the medical field.
- the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may be administered as individual therapeutic agents or in combination with other therapeutic agents and may be administered sequentially or simultaneously with conventional therapeutic agents. In addition, the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may be administered in a single or multiple doses.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is preferably oral administration or intravenous administration.
- administration means introducing a predetermined substance into an animal by any suitable method, and the route of administration of the therapeutic composition according to the present invention is oral via any general route as long as it can reach the target tissue. Or parenterally.
- the therapeutic composition according to the present invention can be administered by any device that the active ingredient can move to the target cell.
- Preferred dosages for the therapeutic compositions according to the invention vary depending on the condition and weight of the patient, the extent of the disease, the form of the drug, the route of administration and the duration, and may be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is preferably administered at 1 to 10 mg / kg, preferably at 1 to 5 mg / kg. Administration may be administered once a day or may be divided several times.
- the therapeutic composition of the present invention can be used alone or in combination with adjuvant treatment methods such as surgical surgery.
- Chemotherapeutic agents that can be used with the compositions of the invention include cisplatin, carboplatin carboplatin, procarbazine, mechlorethamine, cyclophosphamide ), Ifosfamide, melphalan, chlorambucil, bisulfan, nitrosourea, diactinomycin, daunorubicin, doxorubicin, doxorubicin (doxorubicin), bleomycin, blecomycin, plicomycin, mitomycin, etoposide, tamoxifen, taxol, transplatinum, 5-fluorouracil, vincristin, vinblastin, methotrexate, and the like, but are not particularly limited thereto.
- the radiation therapy that can be used with the composition of the invention may be X-ray irradiation, ⁇ -ray irradi
- the present inventors are a trans-splicing ribozyme designed to be cleaved at the 3 'end of hTERT mRNA, which is linked to HSVtk mRNA and recognizes and cleaves human TERT (hTERT).
- Design FIG. 1 and devise a similar system using trans-splicing ribozyming targeting the mouse TERT mRNA (mTERT-TR) to confirm the effect of the trans-splicing ribozyme in mice.
- Ad5mTR Ad5mTR containing mTERT-TR-regulated HSVtk (mTERT-TR-HSVtk)
- FIG. 2A adenovirus containing mTERT-TR-regulated HSVtk
- FIG. 2B a derived colorectal cancer cell line
- FIG. 2C Similar to cytotoxicity in vitro, the growth of tumors was significantly inhibited by injection of Ad5mTR into subcutaneous CT26 tumors in BALB / c mice.
- the inventors have constructed a dual-module adenovirus (Ad5mTR.sPD1) comprising HSVtk and sPD1-Ig in the E3 region regulated by mTERT-TR in the E1 region of the adenovirus genome (FIG. 4A). Testing of the activity confirmed that IFN- ⁇ secretion by antigen-specific T cells in response to tumor cell challenge was enhanced by supernatants containing sPD1-Ig (FIG. 4D) and PD- at the surface of tumor cells. Expression of L1 was confirmed by flow cytometry (FIG. 5).
- CT26 cells infected with Ad5mTR.sPD1 exhibited levels of ex vivo cytotoxicity similar to those infected with Ad5mTR (FIG. 6A), and Ad5mTR.sPD1 significantly promoted tumor regression compared to Ad5mTR, and indeed nearly complete tumor regression. It was confirmed that this occurred (Fig. 6b).
- HSVtk promotes antigen-specific CD8 T cell responses by DCs (FIG. 3B) and sPD1-Ig promotes anti-tumor CD8 T cell reactivity extracellularly (FIG. 4D).
- the recombinant adenovirus of the present invention is the treatment of human cancer Can also be used for
- mice All cells were cultured in RPMI medium containing 10% FBS (fetal bovine serum) and 1% penicillin / streptomycin.
- FBS fetal bovine serum
- OT-1 mice B6 background
- Rag1-/-mice B6 background
- AdenoZAPTM and AdenoQuickTM systems were used to generate Ad5mTR containing the TERT-TR-HSVtk gene of mice under the control of the CMV promoter.
- pAVQ-CMV-mTERT AS100 Rib (+67) TK was treated with SpeI / SacII to obtain a DNA fragment containing CMV.mTR.HSVtk, and the fragment was inserted into a SpeI / EcoRV cleavage site of pZAP1.1 to pZAP1.
- 1.CMV.mTR.HSVtk was produced.
- pZAP1.1.CMV.mTR.HSVtk was cleaved with PacI / DraIII, linked to RightZAP1.2 and introduced into HEK293 cells.
- To prepare sPD1-Ig the extracellular domain of PD-1 was amplified by PCR using the following primers
- Reverse primer 5'-AGA TCT TCC TCC TCC TCC TTG AAA CCG GCC TTC TGG TTT GGG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 6)
- the amplification product was inserted into the XhoI / BglII locus of the pFUSE-mIgG2A.Fc1 vector (Invitrogen, San Diego, Calif.) To prepare pFUSE-mIgG2A.Fc1.EF1.sPD-1.
- pFUSE-mIgG2A.Fc1.EF1.sPD1-Ig-derived EF1.sPD1-Ig was inserted into the EcoRI / SwaI locus of the pE3.1 vector (OD260) to prepare pE3.1.EF1.sPD1-Ig.
- pE1.2.CMV.mTR.HSVtk was constructed by inserting the CMV.mTR.HSVtk fragment of pZAP1.1.CMV.mTR.HSVtk into the BamHI / SpeI locus of the pE1.2 vector (OD260).
- Ad5mTR.sPD1 pE1.2.CMV.mTR.HSVtk and pE3.1.EF1.sPD1-Ig were cleaved with the restriction enzyme DraIII / PflMI, linked to AdenoQuick13.1, and then introduced into HEK293 cells. It was.
- Ad5EF1.sPD1 in the same manner as Ad5mTR.sPD1, pE3.1.EF1.sPD1-Ig and pE1.2 empty vectors were cleaved with the restriction enzyme DraIII / PflMI and linked to AdenoQuick13.1. It was introduced into HEK293 cells.
- HSVtk enzyme activity was determined by measuring the accumulation of phosphorylated GCV in cells.
- Cell proliferation assay (Dojindo Laboratories, Rockville, MD) was performed by evaluating the cytotoxicity of adenoviruses using standard methods. In summary, cells (3 ⁇ 10 3 ) were seeded in 96-well plates and incubated overnight at 37 ° C. The cultured cells were infected with adenoviruses of various multiplicity of infection (MOI). After 1 day, GCV was added to a final concentration of 200 ⁇ M and then cell proliferation was measured for 3 days. All experiments were repeated three times.
- MOI multiplicity of infection
- HEK293 cells (4 ⁇ 10 5 ) were infected with 2MOI adenovirus. At 24 hours after infection, the culture supernatant and cell residue (80 ⁇ g) were analyzed by immunoblot using an anti-Pdcd-1 antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA). To deplete CD8 T cells, 500 ⁇ g of 2.43 ⁇ anti-CD8 antibody was intraperitoneally injected 2 days prior to infection with adenovirus and then intraperitoneally every 5 days for 15 days.
- Example 1-5 CD8 T Cell / DC Coculture Assay to Analyze IFN- ⁇ Production
- DLN-DCs Absorbent lymph node derived DCs
- DLN-DCs Absorbent lymph node derived DCs
- MC38 / OVA cells colon cancer cells MC38, B6 background
- mice stably expressing ovalbumin (OVA) were cultured in 6-well plates.
- SPD1-Ig was obtained from the culture supernatant of HEK293 infected with 10MOI adenovirus for 24 hours, and then added to MC38 / OVA cells (1 ⁇ 10 4 ) to which OT-1 CD8 T lymphocytes (1 ⁇ 10 6 ) were added. Incubated for 72 hours. Pure CD8 + T lymphocytes from OT-1 mice were isolated using a MACS column as described above. The amount of IFN- ⁇ produced from CD8 T lymphocytes was measured using a mouse IFN- ⁇ CBA assay kit (BD bioscience, San Jose, CA).
- Example 1-7 In Vivo Animal Studies and In Vitro Assays
- E.G7 cells C57 / BL6 backgound; 1 ⁇ 10 6
- adenovirus and GCV were treated by the method described above.
- E.G7 tumors of Rag1-/-mice were treated with Ad5mTR.sPD1 following the intravenous injection of CD8 T cells isolated from OT-1 mice.
- PBMCs peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- ribozymes that recognize and cleave human TERT were delivered to tumor cells using recombinant adenovirus.
- the ribozyme was designed to be linked to HSVtk mRNA and cleaved at the 3 ′ end of hTERT mRNA, leading to novel translation of HSVtk mRNA in tumor cells.
- This type of ribozyme is defined as a trans-splicing ribozyme (FIG. 1).
- HSVtk expression regulated by trans-splicing ribozymes is limited to cells that express high levels of hTERT mRNA, including tumor cells.
- this system has been proposed as an effective way of delivering HSVtk to tumor cells without affecting the cells of surrounding normal tissues where hTERT is expressed at low levels.
- this strategy has shown a high effect on human colon cancer cells transplanted into xenograft mouse models.
- One problem with this system in immunological analysis is that experiments with human tumor cells were performed in immunodeficient mice with suppressed xenograft rejection. Thus, such a system is not suitable for evaluating the effect of HSVtk on anti-tumor immunization.
- Ad5MOCK adenovirus excluding the expression cassette was prepared as a control.
- CT26 cells a colorectal cancer cell line derived from BALB / c mice, wherein the cell line has high levels of mTERT mRNA.
- CT26 cells were exposed to Ad5mTR of various MOIs in the presence of GCV. While 2.5MOI was sufficient to kill most cells, Ad5MOCK showed no cytotoxicity even at 50MOI (FIG. 2B). Similar to cytotoxicity in vitro, injection of Ad5mTR into subcutaneous CT26 tumors in BALB / c mice significantly inhibited tumor growth (FIG. 2C).
- Ad5mTR showed a similar effect to the anti-tumor effect of adenovirus comprising human TERT-TR-HSVtk, which was found to be suitable for use in the study of anti-tumor immunity in mice.
- Example 2-2 Improved DC-Mediated Tumor Antigen Presentation by HSVtk
- HSVtk in tumor cells by DNA introduction or adenovirus infection is known to enhance antigenic response of cytotoxic CD8 T cells. Since expression of HSVtk in the presence of biological GCV can induce apoptosis in significant but not all of the tumor volume within, tumor antigens derived from killed cells can be detected by APCs such as DCs, The cells migrate to lymph nodes that respond to tumor antigen-specific T cells. Although this model has been presented in the literature, we decided to test this possibility using defined antigenspecific T cells. For this experiment, we used mouse tumor cell line E.G7 (a derivative of EL4 cells stably expressing obalbumin) as a model tumor antigen, and T cells were model tumor-antigen (OVA) -specific CD8.
- E.G7 a derivative of EL4 cells stably expressing obalbumin
- OT-I T cells cultured and purified using DCs derived from tumor-bearing mice treated with Ad5mTR were higher in IFN than OT-I T cells cultured using DCs derived from tumor-bearing mice treated with control virus. Produced - ⁇ .
- DCs derived from mice treated with Ad5mTR can provide sufficient levels of OVA antigen to stimulate OVA specific T cells (FIG. 3B).
- HSVtk expression in tumors and thus GCV-induced apoptosis is the result of the release of tumor antigens, which are efficiently captured by DCs capable of stimulating tumor antigen specific cytotoxic T cells.
- HSVtk tumor-specific expression of HSVtk can not only effectively stimulate anti-tumor T cell activity through DCs but also directly induce cytotoxicity of tumor cells.
- Ad5mTR stimulated anti-tumor CD8 T cell responsiveness with an increased likelihood of interest.
- the combination of these proposals with another strategy for inactivating tumor-induced immune resistance further enhanced anti-tumor T cell reactivity.
- PD-L1 is a known immunosuppressive agent expressed on the surface of tumor cells.
- sPD1 a soluble form of the PD-L1 receptor that neutralizes PD-L1, and eliminated PD-L1 mediated T cell inhibition.
- sPD1 was constructed by fusing sPD1 with the Fc region of IgG2a.
- Ad5mTR.sPD1 dual-module adenovirus
- Ad5mTR.sPD1 dual-module adenovirus
- HEK293 cells were infected with Ad5mTR.sPD1, sPD1-Ig was expressed and secreted in the extracellular environment, and confirmed by immunoblot analysis (FIG. 4B).
- the expression level of HSVtk in Ad5mTR.sPD1 infected cells was compared to that of Ad5mTR infected cells in a manner measured by enzymatic activity (FIG. 4C).
- sPD1-Ig secreted in an ex vivo environment can enhance anti-tumor T cell reactivity by neutralizing PD-L1 on the surface of tumor cells.
- Cocultures of tumor cells expressing OVA and OVA-specific OT-I T cells were added to the culture supernatants of Ad5EF1 ⁇ .sPD1 infected 293HEK cells, and T cell reactivity was measured based on the amount of IFN- ⁇ secretion.
- IFN- ⁇ secretion by antigen-specific T cells in response to tumor cell challenge was enhanced by supernatants containing sPD1-Ig (FIG. 4D).
- Expression of PD-L1 on tumor cell surfaces was confirmed by flow cytometry (FIG. 5).
- CT26 colorectal cancer model was used (FIG. 2C).
- CT26 cells were chosen because they express high levels of PD-L1 on their cell surface (FIG. 5).
- CT26 cells infected with Ad5mTR.sPD1 showed similar levels of ex vivo cytotoxicity as infected with Ad5mTR, which was expected that sPD1-Ig would not be a direct cause of cytotoxicity by HSVtk (FIG. 6A).
- Ad5mTR.sPD1 significantly promoted tumor regression compared to Ad5mTR, and in fact almost complete tumor regression was observed (FIG. 6B).
- control adenovirus (Ad5EF1 ⁇ .sPD1) containing sPD1-Ig alone does not exhibit any anti-tumor effect in these models, which indicates that sPD1-Ig expression in tumor tissues is insufficient to induce tumor regression and that of sPD1-Ig This means that antigenic response by HSVtk is required in vivo for the effect.
- HSVtk promotes antigen-specific CD8 T cell responses by DCs (FIG. 3B) and sPD1-Ig promotes anti-tumor CD8 T cell reactivity extracellularly (FIG. 4D).
- Cancer specific T cells increased in the blood of mice administered Ad5mTR.sPD1, which increased the likelihood of inhibiting secondary tumor growth in the distal portion of the mouse by injection of the virus at the primary tumor site.
- CT26 tumors developed in BALB / c mice were administered three times with Ad5mTR.sPD1 at three-day intervals. Fourteen days after the initial administration, the development of secondary CT26 tumors was attempted in the opposite site of the same mouse. At this time, primary tumors were minimally proliferated in mice administered Ad5mTR.sPD1, whereas primary tumors of large size (> 600 mm 3 ) developed in mice administered Ad5MOCK. Thus, a new population of normal BALB / c mice was used as a control for secondary tumor development.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (7)
- 암 특이 유전자인 TERT(Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase) mRNA(서열번호 1)에 작용하는, 트랜스-스플라이싱 라이보자임-HSVtk(Human Simplex Virus thymidine kinase) 복합체를 코딩하는 폴리뉴클레오티드 및 암치료 유전자를 포함하는 재조합 아데노바이러스.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 복합체를 코딩하는 폴리뉴클레오티드는 Rib67 라이보자임을 코딩하는 서열번호 2의 염기서열과 HSVtk를 코딩하는 서열번호 3의 폴리뉴클레오티드를 포함하는 것인 재조합 아데노바이러스.
- 상기 암치료 유전자는 약제감수성 유전자, 세포사멸 유전자, 세포증식 억제 유전자, 세포독성 유전자, 종양 억제인자 유전자, 항원성 유전자, 사이토카인 유전자 및 항신생 혈관 생성 유전자로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 것인 재조합 아데노바이러스.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 암치료 유전자는 sPD-1(soluble Programmed Death-1)를 코딩하는 서열번호 4의 염기서열을 포함하는 폴리뉴클레오티드인 것인 재조합 아데노바이러스.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항의 재조합 아데노바이러스를 유효성분으로 포함하는 암 예방 또는 치료용 약학 조성물.
- 제5항에 있어서,약학적으로 허용가능한 담체, 부형제 또는 희석제를 추가로 포함하는 것인 조성물.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항의 재조합 아데노바이러스를 치료를 필요로 하는 개체에 약학적으로 유효한 양으로 투여하는 단계를 포함하는 암을 치료하는 방법.
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BR112014003423-0A BR112014003423A2 (ko) | 2011-08-19 | 2012-08-20 | Trans-splicing ribozyme and the recombinant adenoviruses and their uses, including the treatment of cancer gene |
JP2014525948A JP5872042B2 (ja) | 2011-08-19 | 2012-08-20 | トランススプライシングリボザイム及び癌治療遺伝子を含む組換えアデノウィルス及びこの用途 |
CN201280040192.8A CN103732739A (zh) | 2011-08-19 | 2012-08-20 | 含反式剪接核糖酶及治癌基因的重组腺病毒及其用途 |
RU2014110406/10A RU2575620C2 (ru) | 2011-08-19 | 2012-08-20 | Рекомбинантный аденовирус, который содержит рибозим, опосредующий транс-сплайсинг, и противораковый терапевтический ген, и его применение |
US14/239,543 US20140286905A1 (en) | 2011-08-19 | 2012-08-20 | Recombinant adenovirus comprising trans-splicing ribozyme and cancer-treating gene, and use thereof |
EP12826123.7A EP2746388A4 (en) | 2011-08-19 | 2012-08-20 | RECOMBINANT ADENOVIRUS COMPRISING A RIBOZYME HAVING TRANS-SPINAGE ACTIVITY AND A GENE FOR TREATING CANCER, AND USE THEREOF |
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US20150086541A1 (en) * | 2013-09-21 | 2015-03-26 | Carlos Estuardo Aguilar-Cordova | Methods of Cytotoxic Gene Therapy To Treat Tumors |
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WO2015005723A1 (ko) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-15 | 주식회사 카엘젬백스 | 세포 투과성 펩티드 및 이를 포함하는 컨쥬게이트 |
US10557140B2 (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2020-02-11 | Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation, Dankook University | CTLA-4-targeting trans-splicing ribozyme for delivery of chimeric antigen receptor, and use thereof |
SG11201808538QA (en) | 2016-04-01 | 2018-10-30 | Nat Univ Singapore | Trans-splicing rna (tsrna) |
EP3849314A4 (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2021-12-08 | Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research | MATERIALS AND METHODS OF TREATMENT USING ONCOLYTIC VIRUSES AND MODIFIED T CAR LYMPHOCYTES |
CN109609505A (zh) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-04-12 | 中国科学院成都生物研究所 | 一种体内筛选的剪切rna的锤头状核酶 |
EP4286518A1 (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2023-12-06 | Rznomics Inc. | Cancer-specific trans-splicing ribozyme expressing immune checkpoint inhibitor, and use thereor |
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- 2012-08-20 WO PCT/KR2012/006610 patent/WO2013027988A2/ko active Application Filing
- 2012-08-20 US US14/239,543 patent/US20140286905A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-08-20 CN CN201280040192.8A patent/CN103732739A/zh active Pending
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US20140286905A1 (en) | 2014-09-25 |
EP2746388A2 (en) | 2014-06-25 |
EP2746388A4 (en) | 2015-05-13 |
BR112014003423A2 (ko) | 2017-06-13 |
RU2014110406A (ru) | 2015-09-27 |
KR101293620B1 (ko) | 2013-08-13 |
JP2014524253A (ja) | 2014-09-22 |
CN103732739A (zh) | 2014-04-16 |
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WO2013027988A3 (ko) | 2013-05-16 |
KR20130020492A (ko) | 2013-02-27 |
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