WO2013026275A1 - 一种从木糖母液中提取l-阿拉伯糖的方法 - Google Patents

一种从木糖母液中提取l-阿拉伯糖的方法 Download PDF

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WO2013026275A1
WO2013026275A1 PCT/CN2012/072423 CN2012072423W WO2013026275A1 WO 2013026275 A1 WO2013026275 A1 WO 2013026275A1 CN 2012072423 W CN2012072423 W CN 2012072423W WO 2013026275 A1 WO2013026275 A1 WO 2013026275A1
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mother liquor
arabinose
xylose mother
xylose
extracting
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PCT/CN2012/072423
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陈培豪
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Chen Peihao
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H1/00—Processes for the preparation of sugar derivatives
    • C07H1/06—Separation; Purification
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H3/00—Compounds containing only hydrogen atoms and saccharide radicals having only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms
    • C07H3/02—Monosaccharides

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  • the present invention relates to the field of chemical engineering, and in particular to a method for extracting L-arabinose from a mother liquor of xylose. Background technique
  • L-arabinose is a versatile five-carbon sugar that is mainly present in the form of polymers in the hemicellulose of plants. Higher plants generally contain about 20 to 35% hemicellulose in the dry matter, while hemicellulose is mainly composed of xylose and L-arabinose. In addition, L-arabinose is also abundantly present in plant gums such as gum arabic. Due to the large production of hemicellulose, xylose and L-arabinose can be prepared in large quantities by hydrolyzing hemicellulose in higher plants.
  • the hemicellulose hydrolyzate contains a plurality of monosaccharides, mainly xylose, and glucose, L-arabinose, galactose and the like. Since most of the monosaccharides in the hemicellulose hydrolyzate are xylose, the xylose crystals can be first separated by crystallization until the xylose is unable to recrystallize, and the remaining mother liquor is called xylose mother liquor.
  • xylose mother liquor contains 38.10% xylose, 23.70% L-arabinose, 13.80% glucose, 9.89% galactose.
  • L-arabinose is separated and extracted from xylose mother liquor, which is generally simulated by moving bed chromatography. Because of the large investment in this technology, the production capacity is not large, so that L-arabinose can not meet the market demand.
  • L-arabinose can also be prepared from some vegetable gums such as gum arabic containing L-arabinose.
  • the monomer composition of gum arabic was: galactose 42%, L-arabinose 31%, rhamnose 13%, glucuronic acid 13%, 4-0-methylglucuronic acid 1%.
  • Chinese Patent No. 0 021 635 3.7 discloses a method for extracting L-arabinose from gum arabic, but the mixed monosaccharide still needs to be separated by two-column chromatography to obtain L-arabinose, which is difficult to industrialize.
  • the present invention provides a method for extracting L-arabinose from a mother liquor of xylose, which realizes separation of xylose and L-arabinose by particle grading of the monolith, and mass production of L-arab.
  • Sugar laid the foundation.
  • L-arabinose is prepared by using a mother liquor of xylose, and generally all of the glucose is first removed by fermentation, or galactose is removed in whole or in part, and then purified and separated.
  • the applicant found that there are two kinds of crystals when the xylose mother liquor crystallizes, the first crystal first appears, and finally becomes the larger diameter crystal (the cylinder is called the large particle crystal), The two kinds of crystals appear later, and the diameter thereof is much smaller than that of the first one (the tube is called small particle crystal); the inventors further separate the large-grain crystals and the small-grain crystals by means of particle fractionation, and then determine the composition thereof.
  • the large particle crystals were essentially xylose, while the small particle crystals were essentially L-arabinose.
  • the crystals formed in the mother liquor of the xylose are fractionated by the particles of the monolith, and the crude L-arabinose having higher purity can be obtained, and then the pure L-arabinose can be obtained by recrystallization. .
  • the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: A method for extracting L-arabinose from a mother liquor of xylose, the method comprising the steps of fermentation, purification and concentration of a xylose mother liquor, and crystallizing the concentrated xylose mother liquor into the crystal slurry After forming large-particle crystals having small and small differences and crystallizing small particles, the crystal particles are subjected to particle fractionation, and small-particle crystals are collected to obtain L-arabinose.
  • the xylose mother liquor is fermented by inoculating the yeast in the xylose mother liquor, removing the glucose and removing all or part of the galactose.
  • Purification of the xylose mother liquor comprises decolorizing the fermented xylose mother liquor with activated carbon and/or removing ions with an ion exchange resin.
  • the xylose mother liquor is concentrated by distilling the purified xylose mother liquor under reduced pressure to obtain a syrup having a refractive power of 80 to 86%.
  • the xylose mother liquor is seeded before crystallization.
  • the grading of the particles is a method of separating two types of crystals having large and small differences formed in the same crystallizer, including sieving, centrifugal sedimentation or gravity sedimentation.
  • the granules are simultaneously fractionated in the crystal slurry to remove the crystallization mother liquor, or the granules are classified from the crystal slurry after crystallization;
  • the crystallization mother liquid obtained after the crystallization in the crystal slurry is separated, and the fermentation, purification, concentration, crystallization, and particle classification processes are repeated until the L-arabinose is extracted.
  • the obtained L-arabinose was recrystallized to obtain pure L-arabinose.
  • the method for extracting L-arabinose from the mother liquor of xylose according to the present invention is based on the novel crystallization of the xylose mother liquor, and the method of granulating the monolithic granules, that is, can be extracted from the xylose mother liquor.
  • the xylose mother liquor is diluted, it is connected to the brewing yeast, until the glucose is completely fermented, and the yeast cells are removed by a butterfly centrifuge, heated to 60 ° C for decoloration with activated carbon for 45 minutes, and then the activated carbon is removed by a filter press.
  • the sugar liquid was concentrated by distillation under reduced pressure into a syrup having a refractive index of 82%, and the syrup was transferred to a crystallizer and seeded, and then cooled to crystallize.
  • a sample is taken for microscopic examination. At the beginning of the crystallization, there is only one crystal of very uniform size. After a period of time, new crystals appear.
  • the difference in size between the crystals is 4 ⁇ .
  • Two types of crystalline particles that is, large particle crystals and small particle crystals.
  • the crystal slurry is added to a three-legged sedimentation centrifuge, and the large-grain crystals are first settled at a low speed and collected, that is, crude xylose, the purity is 82%; then the rotation speed of the centrifuge is increased to sediment the small particles and collect them. That is, the crude L-arabinose has a purity of 61%; the large granules are recrystallized from water to obtain pure xylose, and the small granules are recrystallized from water to obtain pure L-arabinose.
  • Example 2
  • the crystallization mother liquid obtained by centrifuging the crystal slurry in Example 1 was subjected to vacuum distillation to obtain a syrup having a refractive index of 85 %, and the syrup was transferred to a crystallizer and seeded, and then crystallized.
  • a sample is taken for microscopic examination. At the beginning of the crystallization, there is only one crystal of very uniform size. After a period of time, new crystals appear. When the supersaturation of the syrup is close to the consumption, two crystals have different sizes. Crystalline-like particles, that is, large particle crystals and small particle crystals.
  • the crystal slurry was added to a filtration centrifuge to filter off the crystallization mother liquid to obtain a mixed crystal powder containing large crystals of crystals and d, crystals of particles.
  • the mixed crystal powder is mixed with 10 times of 95% ethanol and stirred and hooked, and continuously added to a horizontal screw discharge sedimentation centrifuge to adjust the rotation speed and the flow rate, and the obtained solid phase is a large particle crystal, which is coarse xylose.
  • the purity is 85%, and the liquid phase is then removed into the filter centrifuge to remove ethanol to obtain small particle crystals, which is coarse L-
  • the arabinose has a purity of 63%; the large granules are recrystallized from water to obtain pure xylose, and the small granules are recrystallized from water to obtain pure L-arabinose.
  • Example 4 The mixed crystal powder obtained by centrifugation in Example 2 was mixed with 5 times of absolute ethanol and stirred uniformly, and continuously added to a cross-flow classifier. The flowing medium was also anhydrous ethanol, and large crystals of small particles and crystals of small particles were collected, respectively. The purity of the coarse-grained granules of the granules was 87%, and the purity of the crude L-arabinose crystals of the small granules was 68%. The crystallization of large particles and the crystallization of small particles were respectively recrystallized with water to obtain pure xylose and pure L-Arabic, respectively. sugar. Example 4
  • the crystallization mother liquid which was centrifuged in the crystal slurry of Example 2 was decolorized and concentrated to a syrup having a refractive index of 86%.
  • the syrup was transferred to a crystallizer and seeded, and then crystallized.
  • a sample is taken for microscopic examination.
  • At the beginning of the crystallization there is only one crystal of very uniform size. After a period of time, new crystals appear.
  • the crystal slurry was added to a filtration centrifuge to filter off the crystallization mother liquid, thereby obtaining a mixed crystal powder containing large crystals of crystals and crystals of small particles.
  • the obtained mixed crystal powder was mixed with 10 times of 95% ethanol and stirred, and then added to a panning classifier to separately collect large particle crystals and small particle crystals; subsequently, 95% ethanol was also added as a panning liquid and repeated.
  • the obtained large particle crystallized xylose has a purity of 91%
  • the small particle crystallized L-arabinose has a purity of 76%.
  • the large particle crystal and the small particle crystal are respectively recrystallized with water to obtain pure xylose and pure, respectively. L-arabinose.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种从木糖母液中提取L-阿拉伯糖的方法，该方法包括木糖母液的发酵、净化、浓缩过程，浓缩后的木糖母液结晶再将晶体颗粒进行颗粒分级，收集小颗粒结晶，得到L-阿拉伯糖。该方法通过简单的颗粒分级就实现了木糖与L-阿拉伯糖的分离，为大规模生产L-阿拉伯糖奠定了基础。

Description

一种从木糖母液中提取 L-阿拉伯糖的方法 本申请要求于 2011年 8月 23日提交中国专利局、申请号为 201110243243.4、 名称为 "一种从木糖母液中提取 L-阿拉伯糖的方法" 的中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及化工领域， 具体地， 涉及一种从木糖母液中提取 L-阿拉伯糖的 方法。 背景技术
L-阿拉伯糖是一种用途广泛的五碳糖， 主要以聚合物的形式存在于植物的 半纤维素中。 高等植物的干物质中一般含有约 20 ~ 35%的半纤维素， 而半纤维 素主要由木糖和 L-阿拉伯糖组成。 另外， L-阿拉伯糖也大量地存在于阿拉伯胶 等植物胶质中。 由于半纤维素的产量巨大， 故通过水解高等植物中的半纤维素 可以大量制备木糖和 L-阿拉伯糖。
半纤维素水解液中含有多种单糖， 以木糖为主， 以及葡萄糖、 L-阿拉伯糖、 半乳糖等。 由于半纤维素水解液中的单糖绝大部分为木糖， 所以可以通过结晶 的方法首先把木糖结晶分离出来， 直到木糖无法再结晶， 余下的母液称为木糖 母液。 根据液相色谱分析（安徽农业科学， 2009, 37 ( 5 ): 1881-1882, "PHLC 法测定木糖母液的组成"）， 木糖母液中含有 38.10%木糖， 23.70% L-阿拉伯糖， 13.80%葡萄糖， 9.89%半乳糖。 目前从木糖母液中分离提取 L-阿拉伯糖， 一般是 采用模拟移动床色谱分离技术， 由于该技术设备投资大， 但产能却不大， 使 L- 阿拉伯糖无法满足市场的需求。
L-阿拉伯糖除主要从半纤维素水解制备外， 还可以从一些含有 L-阿拉伯糖 的植物胶如阿拉伯胶中制备。 根据分析， 阿拉伯胶的单体组成为： 半乳糖 42%, L-阿拉伯糖 31%, 鼠李糖 13%, 葡萄糖醛酸 13%, 4-0-甲基葡萄糖醛酸 1%。 如 中国专利 02116353.7公开了一种用阿拉伯胶提取 L-阿拉伯糖的方法， 但混合单 糖仍需要通过两柱色谱法才能分离得到 L-阿拉伯糖， 难以工业化。 论文 "从阿 拉伯胶水解液中结晶分离 L-阿拉伯糖"（化学工业与工程， 2007, 24( 5 ): 398-400 ) 描述的分离方法为： 阿拉伯胶稀硫酸水解并中和后的水解液经发酵除去半乳糖， 然后在甲醇中结晶分离制得粗 L-阿拉伯糖， 接着在粗 L-阿拉伯糖水溶液中加入 乙醇而结晶得到 97.5%的 L-阿拉伯糖。 该方法由于甲醇结晶母液和乙醇结晶母 液中的 L-阿拉伯糖无法分离回收， 所以得率不高， 最高只有理论得率的 50%, 从而成本较高。
由于采用现有的方法生产 L-阿拉伯糖不仅产量小而且成本居高不下， 从而 限制了这种具备良好保健功能的功能糖的普及使用。 为此， 需要开发 L-阿拉伯 糖的大规模生产方法。 发明内容
为了克服上述缺点， 本发明提供了一种从木糖母液中提取 L-阿拉伯糖的方 法， 通过筒单的颗粒分级就实现了木糖与 L-阿拉伯糖的分离， 为大规模生产 L- 阿拉伯糖奠定了基础。
利用木糖母液制备 L-阿拉伯糖， 一般首先发酵除去全部的葡萄糖， 或者同 时全部或部分除去半乳糖， 然后净化、 分离。 本申请人通过研究净化后的木糖 母液的结晶特性发现， 木糖母液结晶时会出现两种结晶， 第一种结晶首先出现， 最后成为直径较大的结晶 （筒称大颗粒结晶）， 第二种结晶则较迟出现， 其直径 比第一种小得多 （筒称小颗粒结晶）； 本发明人进一步通过颗粒分级的方式把大 颗粒结晶和小颗粒结晶分离出来， 然后测定其成分， 令人吃惊地发现大颗粒结 晶基本上为木糖， 而小颗粒结晶则基本上为 L-阿拉伯糖。 显然， 在上述发现的 基础上， 把木糖母液中形成的结晶通过筒单的颗粒分级， 就可以得到纯度较高 的粗 L-阿拉伯糖， 再通过重结晶就可以得到纯的 L-阿拉伯糖。
本发明的技术方案如下： 一种从木糖母液中提取 L-阿拉伯糖的方法， 该方 法包括木糖母液的发酵、 净化、 浓缩过程， 将浓缩后的木糖母液结晶， 至晶浆中 形成具有大、 小差别的大颗粒结晶和小颗粒结晶后， 将晶体颗粒进行颗粒分级， 收集小颗粒结晶， 即得到 L-阿拉伯糖。
所述木糖母液的发酵为在木糖母液中接种酵母菌发酵， 除去葡萄糖和全部 或部分除去半乳糖。
所述木糖母液的净化包括将发酵后的木糖母液用活性炭脱色和 /或用离子交 换树脂脱除离子。
所述木糖母液的浓缩是将净化后的木糖母液经减压蒸馏得到折光糖度为 80 - 86 %的糖浆。
所述木糖母液结晶前加入晶种。
所述的颗粒分级， 是把同一结晶器中形成的具有大、 小差别的两类结晶分 离的方法， 包括筛分、 离心沉降或重力沉降方法。
所述木糖母液结晶后， 在晶浆脱除结晶母液时同时进行颗粒分级， 或者从 晶浆中收集到结晶后再进行结晶的颗粒分级；
所述颗粒分级后， 收集大颗粒结晶， 即为粗木糖， 再进行重结晶而得到纯 木糖。
分离晶浆中的结晶后所得的结晶母液， 重复发酵、 净化、 浓缩、 结晶和颗 粒分级过程， 直到把其中的 L-阿拉伯糖提取完毕。
将得到的 L-阿拉伯糖进行重结晶,得到纯 L-阿拉伯糖。
本发明所述的一种从木糖母液中提取 L-阿拉伯糖的方法， 在本发现木糖母 液结晶新特性的基础上， 采用筒单的颗粒分级方法， 即能从木糖母液中提取得 到纯的 L-阿拉伯糖， 该方法过程筒单， 产量大， 无需采用传统的色谱分离技术， 为 L-阿拉伯糖这种具有特殊健康功能的稀有功能糖的推广应用奠定了基础。 具体实施方式
实施例 1
木糖母液稀释后接入酿酒干酵母， 直到把葡萄糖全部发酵完全， 用蝶式离 心机脱除酵母菌体，加热到 60°C用活性炭脱色 45分钟，再用压滤机脱除活性炭， 所得糖液用减压蒸馏的方法浓缩成折光糖度为 82 %的糖浆， 把糖浆输送到结晶 器并接入晶种， 然后冷却结晶。 结晶过程中取样进行显微镜检查， 结晶开始阶 段只有一种大小非常均匀的晶体， 一段时间后又出现新的晶体， 当糖浆的过饱 和度接近消耗完全时， 晶浆中形成大小差别 4艮大的两类结晶颗粒， 即大颗粒结 晶和小颗粒结晶。 把晶浆加入三足式沉降离心机中， 先低速把大颗粒结晶沉降 下来并收集起来， 即为粗木糖， 纯度为 82 % ; 然后提高离心机转速把小颗粒结 晶沉降下来并收集起来， 即为粗 L-阿拉伯糖， 纯度为 61 % ; 把大颗粒结晶用水 重结晶得到纯木糖， 把小颗粒结晶用水重结晶得到纯 L-阿拉伯糖。 实施例 2
把实施例 1 中晶浆离心所得结晶母液重新进行减压蒸馏， 得到折光糖度为 85 %的糖浆， 把糖浆输送到结晶器并接入晶种， 然后冷却结晶。 结晶过程中取 样进行显微镜检查， 结晶开始阶段只有一种大小非常均匀的晶体， 一段时间后 又出现新的晶体， 当糖浆的过饱和度接近消耗完全时， 晶浆中形成大小差别较 大的两类结晶颗粒， 即大颗粒结晶和小颗粒结晶。 把晶浆加入过滤离心机中过 滤掉结晶母液， 得到含大颗粒结晶和 d、颗粒结晶的混合结晶粉末。
取该混合结晶粉末与 10倍的 95 %乙醇混合并搅拌均勾，连续加入卧式螺旋 卸料沉降离心机中， 调节转速和流量， 得到的固相为大颗粒结晶， 即为粗木糖， 纯度为 85 % , 液相再进入过滤离心机中脱除乙醇而得到小颗粒结晶， 即为粗 L- 阿拉伯糖， 纯度为 63 % ; 把大颗粒结晶用水重结晶后得到纯木糖， 把小颗粒结 晶用水重结晶后得到纯 L-阿拉伯糖。 实施例 3
取实施例 2离心所得的混合结晶粉末与 5倍的无水乙醇混合并搅拌均匀， 连续加入错流式分级机中， 流动介质也是无水乙醇， 分别收集大颗粒结晶和小 颗粒结晶， 其中大颗粒结晶的粗木糖纯度为 87 % , 小颗粒结晶的粗 L-阿拉伯糖 纯度为 68 % ; 再把大颗粒结晶和小颗粒结晶分别用水进行重结晶， 分别得到纯 木糖和纯 L-阿拉伯糖。 实施例 4
把实施例 2中晶浆离心出来的结晶母液重新脱色后浓缩为折光糖度为 86 % 的糖浆， 把糖浆输送到结晶器并接入晶种， 然后冷却结晶。 结晶过程中取样进 行显微镜检查， 结晶开始阶段只有一种大小非常均匀的晶体， 一段时间后又出 现新的晶体， 当糖浆的过饱和度接近消耗完全时， 晶浆中形成大小差别较大的 两类结晶颗粒， 即大颗粒结晶和小颗粒结晶。 把晶浆加入过滤离心机中过滤掉 结晶母液， 得到含大颗粒结晶和小颗粒结晶的混合结晶粉末。
把所得的混合结晶粉末与 10倍的 95 %乙醇混合并搅拌均勾，然后加入淘洗 分级机中， 分别收集大颗粒结晶和小颗粒结晶； 后续同样加入 95 %乙醇为淘洗 液并进行重复淘洗， 所得大颗粒结晶的木糖纯度为 91 % , 小颗粒结晶的 L-阿拉 伯糖纯度为 76 % ; 再把大颗粒结晶和小颗粒结晶分别用水进行重结晶， 分别得 到纯木糖和纯 L-阿拉伯糖。 以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明， 不 能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。 对于本发明所属技术领域的普通 技术人员来说， 在不脱离本发明构思的前提下， 其架构形式能够灵活多变， 可 以派生系列产品。 只是做出若干筒单推演或替换， 都应当视为属于本发明由所 提交的权利要求书确定的专利保护范围。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种从木糖母液中提取 L-阿拉伯糖的方法，该方法包括木糖母液的发酵、 净化、浓缩过程， 其特征在于：将浓缩后的木糖母液结晶，至晶浆中形成具有大、 小差别的大颗粒结晶和小颗粒结晶后， 将晶体颗粒进行颗粒分级， 收集小颗粒 结晶， 即得到 L-阿拉伯糖。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的从木糖母液中提取 L-阿拉伯糖的方法，其特征在于， 所述木糖母液的发酵为在木糖母液中接种酵母菌发酵， 除去葡萄糖和全部或部 分除去半乳糖。
3. 如权利要求 1所述的从木糖母液中提取 L-阿拉伯糖的方法，其特征在于， 所述木糖母液的净化包括将发酵后的木糖母液用活性炭脱色和 /或用离子交换树 脂脱除离子。
4. 如权利要求 1所述的从木糖母液中提取 L-阿拉伯糖的方法，其特征在于， 所述木糖母液的浓缩是将净化后的木糖母液经减压蒸馏得到折光糖度为 80 - 86
%的糖浆。
5. 如权利要求 1所述的从木糖母液中提取 L-阿拉伯糖的方法，其特征在于， 所述木糖母液的结晶前加入晶种。
6. 如权利要求 1所述的从木糖母液中提取 L-阿拉伯糖的方法，其特征在于， 所述的颗粒分级， 是把同一结晶器中形成的具有大、 小差别的两类结晶分离的 方法， 包括筛分、 离心沉降或重力沉降方法。
7. 如权利要求 1所述的从木糖母液中提取 L-阿拉伯糖的方法，其特征在于， 所述木糖母液结晶后， 在晶浆脱除结晶母液时同时进行颗粒分级， 或者从晶浆 中收集到结晶后再进行结晶的颗粒分级。
8. 如权利要求 1所述的从木糖母液中提取 L-阿拉伯糖的方法，其特征在于， 所述颗粒分级后， 收集大颗粒结晶， 即为粗木糖， 再进行重结晶而得到纯木糖。
9. 如权利要求 1所述的从木糖母液中提取 L-阿拉伯糖的方法，其特征在于， 分离得到的结晶后的木糖母液， 重复发酵、 净化、 浓缩、 结晶和颗粒分级过程， 直到把其中的 L-阿拉伯糖提取完毕。
10. 如权利要求 1所述的从木糖母液中提取 L-阿拉伯糖的方法， 其特征在 于， 将得到的 L-阿拉伯糖进行重结晶， 得到纯 L-阿拉伯糖。
PCT/CN2012/072423 2011-08-23 2012-03-16 一种从木糖母液中提取l-阿拉伯糖的方法 WO2013026275A1 (zh)

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