WO2013026230A1 - 一种高效泡沫混凝土发泡剂发泡机 - Google Patents

一种高效泡沫混凝土发泡剂发泡机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013026230A1
WO2013026230A1 PCT/CN2011/081253 CN2011081253W WO2013026230A1 WO 2013026230 A1 WO2013026230 A1 WO 2013026230A1 CN 2011081253 W CN2011081253 W CN 2011081253W WO 2013026230 A1 WO2013026230 A1 WO 2013026230A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
foaming
foaming agent
air
diluent
valve
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Application number
PCT/CN2011/081253
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王利亚
李森兰
王建平
黄成立
刘献明
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洛阳师范学院
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Application filed by 洛阳师范学院 filed Critical 洛阳师范学院
Publication of WO2013026230A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013026230A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/235Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids for making foam
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/312Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof
    • B01F25/3121Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof with additional mixing means other than injector mixers, e.g. screens, baffles or rotating elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/312Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof
    • B01F25/3124Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows with Venturi elements; Details thereof characterised by the place of introduction of the main flow
    • B01F25/31243Eductor or eductor-type venturi, i.e. the main flow being injected through the venturi with high speed in the form of a jet
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40Static mixers
    • B01F25/45Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads
    • B01F25/452Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces
    • B01F25/4521Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces the components being pressed through orifices in elements, e.g. flat plates or cylinders, which obstruct the whole diameter of the tube
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/717Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer
    • B01F35/71745Feed mechanisms characterised by the means for feeding the components to the mixer using pneumatic pressure, overpressure, gas or air pressure in a closed receptacle or circuit system

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a foaming machine, and more particularly to an apparatus for efficiently mixing a foaming concrete foaming agent diluent with air to produce a foam for foam concrete.
  • the foam concrete also known as foamed cement
  • foamed cement is formed by chemically or physically introducing nitrogen, carbon dioxide gas, oxygen or air into the concrete slurry according to the application requirements, mixing uniformly, casting, coagulating and curing.
  • the air is introduced into the concrete slurry in a physical manner, and the foaming concrete foaming agent is hereinafter referred to as a foaming agent diluent mixed with air to form a foam, and then the foam is mixed with the concrete slurry.
  • the way to produce foam is to mix the high-pressure air and the blowing agent diluent in the mixing tube to form the foam.
  • the foaming system of the foaming machine has three defects in the structure: First, the foaming agent stock solution and The water cannot be mixed evenly.
  • the foaming agent stock solution in the form of micelles cannot be uniformly dispersed into the water. Some of the foaming agent stock solution may still enter the foaming tube in the form of micelles.
  • the foaming agent diluent and air in the foaming tube
  • the initial contact surface is small, and the uneven dilution liquid will reach the stainless steel wire in the foaming tube together with the air in the form of droplets or water flow.
  • the resistance in the foaming tube is unevenly distributed in the radial direction, and the air resistance is formed in the small resistance.
  • the resistance of the foaming agent dilution can not fully form bubbles with the air, the direct consequence is to waste high-pressure air;
  • the dilution factor can not be continuously adjusted, and the dilution factor is 40;
  • the length-to-diameter ratio of the foaming tube is too large, bubble If the diameter is too small, the air flow rate is too large, and the formed bubble will be broken into microbubbles with small bubble diameter, that is, a "creamy" bubble is formed, which greatly causes the concrete slurry to be surface-specific.
  • Full foam can cover all surfaces Foam, resulting in a reduction perforated Foam concrete products, compressive strength.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a foaming agent with less dosage and save compression space.
  • a high-efficiency foam concrete foaming agent foaming machine comprising a foaming device 1, an air driving device 2 and a foaming agent dilution liquid supply device 3;
  • the foaming device 1 is composed of a foaming tube 4 and a spraying mechanism 5.
  • the bottom of the foaming tube 4 is provided with a spraying port 10, and the foaming tube 4 is provided with an isolating disc 6, and the upper part of the separating disc 6 is a bubble generating chamber. 7.
  • the spray chamber 8 is disposed between the separation plate 6 and the spray port 10.
  • the plurality of round holes 601 of uniform size are evenly distributed on the separation plate 6.
  • the stainless steel wire 9 is disposed in the bubble generation chamber 7, and the spray mechanism 5 passes through the spray port 10.
  • the spraying mechanism 5 is composed of a three-way pipe 503, a diluent conveying pipe 501 and an air conveying pipe 502, and a compressed air outlet end of the air conveying pipe 502 is disposed in one port of the three-way pipe 503. And an annular cavity 504 is formed between the inner wall of the tee 503, and the other two ports of the three-way pipe 503 are respectively connected to the diluent delivery pipe 501 and the spray port 10, and the compressed air outlet end of the air delivery pipe 502 and the spray port 10
  • a spray chamber 506 is disposed between the spray chamber 506 and the spray port 10, and a diluent adjustment valve 12 is disposed on the diluent delivery pipe 501, and the air delivery pipe 502 is disposed.
  • the air driving device 2 is composed of an air compressor 14 and a foaming agent dilution liquid storage tank 15.
  • the upper portion of the foaming agent dilution liquid storage tank 15 is provided with an air duct 1501, a pressure pipe 1503 and a pressure gauge I 1504.
  • the air pipe 1501 is connected to the air delivery pipe 502 of the spray mechanism 5 through the valve I 17 , and the liquid outlet 1505 passes through the liquid outlet pipe 19 with the valve ⁇ 20 and
  • the diluent delivery pipe 501 is connected, the air compressor 14 is disposed above the foaming agent dilution liquid storage tank 15 and connected to the pressure pipe 1503, and the air compressor 14 is provided with a pressure gauge II 1401;
  • the blowing agent diluent supply device 3 passes through the worm pump 23 and the blowing agent diluent storage tank 15 The inlet tube 1506 is connected.
  • the foaming agent dilution liquid supply device of the invention comprises a foaming agent dilution tank and a worm pump, and a liquid discharging pipe is arranged at the bottom of the foaming agent dilution tank, and the liquid discharging pipe is connected with the worm pump through a rubber hose, and the worm pump passes
  • the rubber hose is connected to the inlet pipe of the foaming agent diluent storage tank, the valve IV is arranged on the outlet pipe, and the valve V is arranged on the inlet pipe.
  • a check valve is provided between the worm pump and the valve V according to the present invention.
  • the foaming agent dilution liquid flow meter is disposed on the connecting pipeline of the diluent liquid conveying pipe and the liquid discharging pipe according to the present invention.
  • An air flow meter is disposed on the connecting pipe of the air pipe and the air conveying pipe according to the present invention.
  • the top of the foaming agent diluent tank of the present invention is provided with a maintenance flange.
  • the foaming agent diluent tank of the present invention is provided with an outlet pipe on the upper part of the storage tank, and a valve II is arranged on the outlet pipe.
  • the spacer disk of the present invention has a circular structure.
  • the liquid outlet pipe of the present invention is also connected to a liquid level gauge.
  • the diluent and air of the foaming agent are driven by the pressure generated by the air compressor.
  • the flow ratio can be adjusted arbitrarily. According to the softness of the foam, the ratio of the diluent to the air is adjusted.
  • the ratio of the foaming agent diluent to the air can be determined by measuring the volume and weight of the foaming agent foam produced by the present invention, and calculating the foaming multiple of the unit mass foaming agent, by observing the foaming agent dilution liquid flow meter and the air.
  • the flow meter is adjusted so that the expansion ratio of the foaming agent reaches a maximum value, and the flow ratio of the two is the optimum value; the bubble diameter of the bubble significantly affects the expansion ratio.
  • the flow rate of the blowing agent diluent and air can be simultaneously increased in proportion, and the yield per unit time of high-quality foam can be increased within a certain range.
  • the raw material of the foaming agent is manually diluted, not only the dilution factor is not limited, but the mixing is uniform, and the concentration of the active ingredient of the foaming agent of the diluent is exactly equal to the critical micelle concentration.
  • the length-to-diameter ratio of the foaming tube is reduced, the flow rate of the air in the foaming tube is reduced, and the active ingredient of the foaming agent has sufficient time to be aligned at the "water-gas" interface, and the high-speed airflow is also avoided.
  • the "tear" of the foam is too small and too small, thereby avoiding the perforation and compressive strength of the foam concrete product caused by the large surface of the foam and the fly ash particles which cannot cover the bubble.
  • the foam produced by the invention not only has good quality, but also has a high foaming yield per unit mass of foaming agent, and the foam is not easily broken in the cement slurry, which can further improve the production of foam concrete per unit mass of foaming agent. Moreover, it does not affect the normal coagulation of the foam concrete slurry, so that the compressive strength of the foam concrete product can be improved.
  • the foaming tube of the invention has a large diameter and a relatively small diameter, thereby reducing the flow rate of the air filled in the stainless steel wire segment of the foaming tube and the probability of the foam being cut by the stainless steel wire, which is beneficial to the active component of the foaming agent. Arranged in an orderly manner at the "water-gas" interface to form a relatively stable bubble with a large bubble diameter.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the spray mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the spacer disk of the present invention.
  • Foaming device Marked in the figure: 1. Foaming device, 2. Air driving device, 3. Foaming agent dilution liquid supply device, 4. Foaming tube, 5. Spraying mechanism, 501, Diluent conveying pipe, 502, Air conveying pipe, 503, tee, 504, annular chamber, 505, space adjustment screw, 506, spray chamber, 507, air injection tube, 508, adjusting thread, 509, wrench bayonet, 510, rubber mat, 511, double head Wire, 512, compressed air inlet, 6, isolation plate, 601, round hole, 7, bubble generation cavity, 8, spray chamber, 9, stainless steel wire, 10, spray port, 11, foaming agent dilution flow meter, 12, foaming agent dilution valve adjustment valve, 13, compressed air valve, 14, air compressor, 1401, pressure gauge II, 15, foaming agent dilution Storage tank, 1501, air duct, 1502, air outlet pipe, 1503, pressure pipe, 1504, pressure gauge I, 1505, liquid outlet, 1506, inlet pipe, 1507, maintenance flange, 16, air flow
  • a high-efficiency foam concrete foaming agent foaming machine is composed of a foaming device 1, an air driving device 2 and a blowing agent diluent supply device 3;
  • the foaming device 1 is composed of a foaming tube 4 and a spraying mechanism 5.
  • the bottom of the foaming tube 4 is provided with a spraying port 10, and the foaming tube 4 is provided with an isolating disc 6, and the upper part of the separating disc 6 is a bubble generating chamber. 7.
  • the spray chamber 8 is disposed between the separation plate 6 and the spray port 10.
  • the plurality of round holes 601 of uniform size are evenly distributed on the separation plate 6.
  • the stainless steel wire 9 is disposed in the bubble generation chamber 7, and the spray mechanism 5 passes through the spray port 10.
  • the spraying mechanism 5 is composed of a three-way pipe 503, a diluent conveying pipe 501 and an air conveying pipe 502, and a compressed air outlet end of the air conveying pipe 502 is disposed in one port of the three-way pipe 503. And an annular cavity 504 is formed between the inner wall of the tee 503, and the other two ports of the three-way pipe 503 are respectively connected to the diluent delivery pipe 501 and the spray port 10, and the compressed air outlet end of the air delivery pipe 502 and the spray port 10
  • a spray chamber 506 is disposed between the spray chamber 506 and the spray port 10, and a diluent adjustment valve 12 is disposed on the diluent delivery pipe 501, and the air delivery pipe 502 is disposed.
  • the air driving device 2 is composed of an air compressor 14 and a foaming agent dilution liquid storage tank 15.
  • the upper portion of the foaming agent dilution liquid storage tank 15 is provided with an air duct 1501, a pressure pipe 1503 and a pressure gauge I 1504.
  • the outlet conduit 19 of the valve cartridge 20 is connected to the diluent delivery conduit 501.
  • the air compressor 14 is disposed above the foaming agent diluent reservoir tank 15 and connected to the pressure conduit 1503.
  • the air compressor 14 is provided with a pressure gauge II 1401;
  • the blowing agent diluent supply device 3 is connected to the inlet pipe 1506 of the blowing agent diluent tank 15 via a worm pump 23.
  • the foaming agent dilution liquid supply device 3 is composed of a foaming agent dilution tank 22 and a worm pump 23, and a liquid outlet pipe 2201 is disposed at the bottom of the foaming agent dilution tank 22, and the liquid outlet pipe 2201 passes through the rubber hose and the worm pump 23
  • the worm pump 23 is connected to the inlet pipe 1506 of the blowing agent diluent tank 15 via a rubber hose, the valve IV24 is provided on the outlet pipe 2201, and the valve V25 is provided on the inlet pipe 1506.
  • a check valve 26 is provided between the worm pump 23 and the valve V25.
  • a blowing agent dilution liquid flow meter 11 is disposed on the connecting line of the diluent delivery pipe 501 and the outlet pipe 19.
  • An air flow meter is disposed on the connecting line between the air duct 1501 and the air conveying duct 502.
  • the top of the foaming agent diluent tank 15 is provided with a maintenance flange 1507.
  • the upper portion of the foaming agent diluent tank 15 is provided with an outlet pipe 1502, and the outlet pipe 1502 is provided with a valve II 18 ⁇ .
  • the spacer disk 11 has a circular structure.
  • the liquid discharge pipe 19 is also connected to the liquid level gauge 21.
  • the foaming agent stock solution is diluted with water according to the ratio specified in the specification, and the foaming agent dilution liquid is obtained by mixing. 2. Close the valve 11120 of the blowing agent diluent reservoir 15, valve 1 17, and open the valve II 18.
  • step 6 After the bubble is ejected, re-operate step 6 to make the air flow rate and the blowing agent dilution flow rate meet the target value.
  • blowing agent diluent When it is observed from the level gauge 21 that the blowing agent diluent needs to be added, it can be added as follows.
  • blowing agent dilution tank valve IV24 and the valve V 25 are opened, the worm pump 23 is started, and the blowing agent diluent is injected into the blowing agent diluent storage tank 15, when the liquid level of the foaming agent dilution liquid storage tank 15 is reached.
  • the worm pump power is turned off, and the valve IV24 and valve V 25 are closed.
  • the foaming agent is preferably a LC series foaming agent, and an LC-based foaming agent is used to increase the bubble diameter, thereby not only increasing the foam concrete yield per unit foaming agent, but also increasing the pore size of the foam concrete product.
  • the concrete wall thickness between the holes and the holes increases the compressive strength of the foam concrete products, and also helps to reduce the weight limit of the foaming agent preparation foam products. Reducing the bulk density of foam concrete products and increasing the compressive strength of foam concrete will undoubtedly help to expand the application range of foam concrete.
  • the foaming multiple is 4. 0m7kg, and the dilution factor is 1:100.
  • the parameters of the invention are as follows.
  • Air compressor The maximum pressure is 0. 6MPA, and the displacement is 50L/min.
  • foaming agent dilution tank The volume is 100L.
  • Foam tube The length of the tube waist is 600 ⁇ ; the outlet inner diameter is 20 ⁇ , the middle inner diameter is 50 ⁇ , and the inlet inner diameter is 20mm.
  • the outer diameter of the upper port of the tee pipe is matched with the inner diameter of the inlet of the foaming pipe spray port, and is connected by a thread;
  • the outer diameter of the wrench bayonet 505 of the spray chamber space adjusting screw 508 is 8 mm, and the diameter of the outlet of the atomization chamber 4 ⁇ , the outlet diameter of the air injection pipe 507 is 1 ⁇ , the inner diameter of the air injection pipe 507 is 10 ⁇ , and the outer diameter of the lower port of the spray mechanism is 10 mm;
  • the annular cavity gap of the diluent of the blowing agent in the tee pipe is 1 mm.
  • foaming agent dilution liquid flowmeter measuring range is 0 ⁇ 0. 05kg/min; pressure resistance 1. 2MPa;
  • 100 is the dilution factor
  • 1000 is the conversion factor when the volume unit "liter” is changed to "m 3 ".
  • the maximum value of 7 ⁇ is close to 4. 0m7kg, which indicates that the size, length-diameter ratio and maximum value of the foaming tube match the flow ratio of the blowing agent diluent to the air; otherwise, the size of the foaming tube should be replaced. Length to diameter ratio.
  • Example 1 The experimental results show that the air flow rate of Example 1 is 50 L/min, the flow rate of the blowing agent diluent is 0. 0125 kg/min, and the selected foaming tube 4 is suitable, and the foaming capacity is 49 L/min. .
  • the blowing agent diluent As the foaming progresses, when it is observed from the level gauge 21 that the blowing agent diluent needs to be added, it can be added as follows.
  • step 1 First observe the foaming agent dilution tank, if there is enough diluent for the foaming agent, otherwise, re-formulate according to step 1.
  • step 2 After opening the foaming agent dilution tank valve IV24 and the valve V25, the worm pump 23 is started, and the foaming agent dilution liquid is injected into the foaming agent dilution liquid storage tank 15, when the liquid level of the foaming agent dilution liquid storage tank 15 When it reaches 3/4 to 4/5 of its total height, cut off the worm pump power supply and close valve IV24 and valve V25.
  • the foaming multiple is 6. 0m7kg, and the dilution factor is 1:100.
  • the parameters of the invention are as follows.
  • Air compressor The maximum pressure is 1. 0MPA, and the displacement is 400L/min.
  • foaming agent dilution tank The volume is 400L.
  • foaming liquid dilution tank The volume is 1200L.
  • Foam tube The length of the tube waist is 1200 ⁇ ; the outlet inner diameter is 40 ⁇ , the middle inner diameter is 120 ⁇ , and the inlet inner diameter is 40 mm.
  • the outer diameter of the upper port of the tee pipe is matched with the inner diameter of the inlet of the foaming pipe spray port, and is connected by a thread;
  • the outer diameter of the wrench bayonet 505 of the spray chamber space adjusting screw 508 is 16 mm, and the diameter of the outlet of the atomizing chamber 8 ⁇ , the outlet diameter of the air injection pipe 507 is 4 ⁇ , the inner diameter of the air injection pipe 507 is 15 ⁇ , the outer diameter of the lower mouth of the spray mechanism is 20 mm , and the annular cavity gap of the diluent of the blowing agent in the tee pipe is 2 mm.
  • foaming agent dilution liquid flowmeter measuring range is 0 ⁇ 0. lkg / min; pressure resistance 1. 2MPa;
  • the foaming operation is as follows.
  • 100 is the dilution factor
  • 1000 is the conversion factor when the volume unit "liter” is changed to "m 3 ".
  • Example 2 The experimental results show that the air flow rate of Example 2 is 300 L/min, the flow rate of the blowing agent diluent is 0.05 kg/min, and the selected foaming tube 4 is suitable, and the foaming capacity is 295 L/min. .
  • the blowing agent diluent As the foaming progresses, when it is observed from the level gauge 21 that the blowing agent diluent needs to be added, it can be added as follows.
  • Example 3 A foaming concrete foaming agent of a factory in China has a foaming multiple of 1. 6m7kg and a dilution factor of 1:30.
  • the parameters of the invention are as follows.
  • Air compressor The maximum pressure is 1. 0MPA, and the displacement is 400L/min.
  • foaming agent dilution tank The volume is 400L.
  • foaming liquid dilution tank The volume is 1200L.
  • Foam tube The length of the tube waist is 1200 ⁇ ; the outlet inner diameter is 40 ⁇ , the middle inner diameter is 120 ⁇ , and the inlet inner diameter is 40 mm.
  • the outer diameter of the upper port of the tee pipe is matched with the inner diameter of the inlet of the foaming pipe spray port, and is connected by a thread;
  • the outer diameter of the wrench bayonet 505 of the spray chamber space adjusting screw 508 is 16 mm, and the diameter of the outlet of the atomizing chamber 8 ⁇ , the outlet diameter of the air injection pipe 507 is 4 ⁇ , the inner diameter of the air injection pipe 507 is 15 ⁇ , the outer diameter of the lower mouth of the spray mechanism is 20 mm , and the annular cavity gap of the diluent of the blowing agent in the tee pipe is 2 mm.
  • the foaming operation is as follows.
  • the flow rate of the diluent of the blowing agent is such that the air flow rate and the flow rate of the blowing agent diluent are all in accordance with the target value.
  • 100 is the dilution factor
  • 1000 is the conversion factor when the volume unit "liter” is changed to "m 3 ".
  • the maximum value of 7 ⁇ is close to 1. 6m7kg, which indicates that the size, length-diameter ratio and maximum value of the foaming tube match the flow ratio of the blowing agent diluent to the air; otherwise, the size of the foaming tube should be replaced. Length to diameter ratio.
  • Example 3 The experimental results show that the air flow rate of Example 3 is 300 L/min, the flow rate of the blowing agent diluent is 0.19 kg/min, and the selected foaming tube 4 is suitable, and the foaming capacity is 290 L/min. .
  • the blowing agent diluent As the foaming progresses, when it is observed from the level gauge 21 that the blowing agent diluent needs to be added, it can be added as follows.
  • step 1 First observe the foaming agent dilution tank, if there is enough diluent for the foaming agent, otherwise, re-formulate according to step 1.
  • step 2 After opening the foaming agent dilution tank valve IV24 and the valve V25, the worm pump 23 is started, and the foaming agent dilution liquid is injected into the foaming agent dilution liquid storage tank 15, when the liquid level of the foaming agent dilution liquid storage tank 15 is reached. When the total height is 3/4 to 4/5, the worm pump power is turned off, and the valve IV24 and valve V25 are closed.

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Abstract

一种高效泡沫混凝土发泡剂发泡机,由发泡装置(1)、空气驱动装置(2)和发泡剂稀释液供给装置(3)组成,发泡装置(1)由发泡管(4)和喷雾机构(5)组成,空气驱动装置(2)由空气压缩机(14)和发泡剂稀释液贮罐(15)组成,发泡剂稀释液供给装置(3)通过蜗杆泵(23)与发泡剂稀释液贮罐(15)的进液管(1506)相连。该发泡机可以根据发泡剂的使用说明和所制泡沫的软硬度任意调节发泡剂的稀释比以及稀释液和空气的比例,节约发泡剂用量、节约压缩空气、形成比较稳定、泡径较大的泡沫。

Description

一种高效泡沬混凝土发泡剂发泡机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种发泡机, 具体的说是将泡沬混凝土发泡剂稀释液与空气 高效混合生产泡沬混凝土所用泡沬的一种设备。
背景技术
泡沬混凝土, 又称发泡水泥, 是通过化学或物理的方式根据应用需要, 将氮气、 二氧化碳气、 氧气或空气引入混凝土浆体中, 混合均匀、 浇注成型、 凝结、 养护而成。 其中, 以物理方式向混凝土浆料中引入空气, 需先把泡沬 混凝土发泡剂以下简称发泡剂稀释液与空气混合制成泡沬, 而后把泡沬与混 凝土浆料混合。 目前, 生产泡沬的方式是用高压空气与发泡剂稀释液在混合 管中混合形成泡沬, 该发泡机的发泡系统, 在结构上存在三个缺陷: 一是发 泡剂原液与水不能混合均匀, 以胶束形式存在的发泡剂原液不能均匀地分散 到水中, 部分发泡剂原液仍可能以胶束形式进入发泡管, 在发泡管中发泡剂 稀释液与空气的初始接触面小, 不均匀的稀释液会以液滴或水流的形式与空 气一同到达发泡管内的不锈钢丝上, 发泡管内的阻力在径向分布不均匀, 阻 力小处形成空气通道, 阻力大处发泡剂稀释液不能充分与空气形成泡沬, 其 直接后果是浪费高压空气; 二是稀释倍数不能连续调节, 且稀释倍数 40; 三是发泡管的长径比太大, 泡径过小, 导致空气流速太大, 会将形成的泡沬 撕裂成泡径很小的微泡, 即形成 "奶油状"泡沬, 其极大的比表面导致混凝 土浆料不能全覆盖泡沬所有泡的表面, 从而导致泡沬混凝土制品穿孔、 抗压 强度降低。
发明内容
本发明提供所要解决的技术问题是提供一种发泡剂用量少、 节约压缩空 气、 泡沬泡径较大的一种高效泡沬混凝土发泡剂发泡机。
本发明为解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是:
一种高效泡沬混凝土发泡剂发泡机, 由发泡装置 1、空气驱动装置 2和发 泡剂稀释液供给装置 3组成;
所述的发泡装置 1 由发泡管 4和喷雾机构 5组成, 发泡管 4的底部设有 喷雾口 10, 发泡管 4内设有隔离盘 6, 隔离盘 6上方为泡沬生成腔 7, 隔离盘 6与喷雾口 10之间为喷雾腔 8,隔离盘 6上均匀分布多个大小一致的圆孔 601, 泡沬生成腔 7内设有不锈钢丝 9,喷雾机构 5通过喷雾口 10与喷雾腔 8连通; 所述的喷雾机构 5由三通管 503、稀释液输送管道 501和空气输送管道 502组 成, 空气输送管道 502的压缩空气出口端设置在三通管 503的一个端口内, 并且与三通管 503的内壁之间为环形腔 504,三通管 503的另外两个端口分别 与稀释液输送管道 501和喷雾口 10连接, 空气输送管道 502的压缩空气出口 端与喷雾口 10之间设有雾化室 506,雾化室 506与喷雾口 10的接口处设有空 间调节螺丝 505, 稀释液输送管道 501上设有发泡剂稀释液调节阀门 12, 空 气输送管道 502上设有压缩空气阀门 13;
所述的空气驱动装置 2由空气压缩机 14和发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15组成, 发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15 上部设有空气管道 1501、 压力管道 1503 和压力表 I 1504, 其下部设有出液口 1505, 其侧壁上设有进液管 1506, 空气管道 1501 通过阀门 I 17与喷雾机构 5的空气输送管道 502连接,出液口 1505通过带有 阀门 ΙΠ20的出液管道 19与稀释液输送管道 501连接, 空气压缩机 14设置在 发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15上方并与压力管道 1503连接, 空气压缩机 14上设有压 力表 II 1401 ;
所述的发泡剂稀释液供给装置 3通过蜗杆泵 23与发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15 的进液管 1506连接。
本发明所述的发泡剂稀释液供给装置由发泡剂稀释罐和蜗杆泵组成, 发 泡剂稀释罐底部设有出液管, 出液管通过橡胶软管与蜗杆泵连接, 蜗杆泵通 过橡胶软管与发泡剂稀释液贮罐的进液管连接, 在出液管上设有阀门 IV, 在 进液管上设有阀门 V。
本发明所述的蜗杆泵与阀门 V之间设有止回阀。
本发明所述的稀释液输送管道与出液管道的连接管路上设有发泡剂稀释 液流量计。
本发明所述的空气管道与空气输送管道的连接管路上设有空气流量计。 本发明所述的发泡剂稀释液贮罐顶部设有维修法兰。
本发明所述的发泡剂稀释液贮罐上部设有出气管, 出气管上设有阀门 II。 本发明所述的隔离盘为圆形结构。
本发明所述的出液管道还与液位计连接。
本发明的有益效果是:
1、 发泡剂稀释液与空气均由空压机产生的压力驱动, 其流量比例可以任 意调整根据所制泡沬的软硬度调节发泡剂稀释液和空气的比例, 若要精确确 定发泡剂稀释液和空气的比例, 可以通过测定本发明所制发泡剂泡沬的体积、 重量, 并计算出单位质量发泡剂的发泡倍数, 通过观察发泡剂稀释液流量计 和空气流量计, 调节使发泡剂的发泡倍数取得极大值为止, 此时二者的流量 比即为最佳值; 泡沬的泡径显著影响发泡倍数,。 可以按比例同时调大发泡剂 稀释液和空气的流量, 在一定范围内增加高质量泡沬的单位时间的产量。
2、 发泡剂原液人工稀释, 不但稀释倍数不受限制、 混合均匀, 而且可以 保证稀释液的发泡剂活性成分浓度恰好等于其临界胶束浓度。
3、 增加了发泡剂稀释液与空气混合的喷雾机构, 不但发泡剂原液能与空 气很快混合均匀, 而且保证了发泡管径向具有相同的阻力, 这不但可以节约 发泡剂、 压缩空气, 而且提高了泡沬的质量和单位质量发泡剂的泡沬产量。
4、 减小了发泡管的长径比, 降低了空气在发泡管中的流速, 使发泡剂的 活性成分有足够的时间在 "水 -气"界面定向排列, 也避免了高速气流把泡沬 "撕" 的过碎、 过小, 从而避免了由于水泥、 粉煤灰颗粒不能覆盖泡径很小的 泡沬的巨大表面, 而引起的泡沬混凝土制品穿孔、 抗压强度降低。
5、 本发明生产的泡沬, 不但质量好, 单位质量发泡剂的泡沬产量高, 而 且其泡沬在水泥浆料中不易破裂, 不但可以进一步提高单位质量发泡剂的泡 沬混凝土产量, 而且不影响泡沬混凝土浆料的正常凝结, 从而可以提高泡沬 混凝土制品的抗压强度。
6、 本发明的发泡管直径较大、 长径比较小, 因此降低了空气在发泡管填 充不锈钢丝段的流速和泡沬被不锈钢丝切割的几率, 有利于发泡剂活性组分 分子在 "水 -气"界面的有序排布, 从而形成比较稳定、 泡径较大的泡沬。 附图说明
图 1是本发明的结构示意图;
图 2是本发明的喷雾机构的结构示意图;
图 3是本发明的隔离盘的结构示意图;
图中标记: 1、 发泡装置, 2、 空气驱动装置, 3、 发泡剂稀释液供给装置, 4、 发泡管, 5、 喷雾机构, 501、 稀释液输送管道, 502、 空气输送管道, 503、 三通管, 504、 环形腔, 505, 空间调节螺丝, 506、 雾化室, 507、 空气喷射 管, 508、 调节镙丝, 509、 扳手卡口, 510、 橡胶垫, 511、 双头丝, 512、 压 缩空气进口, 6、 隔离盘, 601、 圆孔, 7、 泡沬生成腔, 8、 喷雾腔, 9、 不锈 钢丝, 10、 喷雾口, 11、 发泡剂稀释液流量计, 12、 发泡剂稀释液调节阀门, 13、 压缩空气阀门, 14、 空气压缩机, 1401、 压力表 II, 15、 发泡剂稀释液 贮罐, 1501、 空气管道, 1502、 出气管, 1503、 压力管道, 1504、 压力表 I, 1505、 出液口, 1506、 进液管, 1507、 维修法兰, 16、 空气流量计, 17、 阀 门 I, 18、 阀门 II, 19、 出液管道, 20、 阀门 III, 21、 液位计, 22、 发泡剂 稀释罐, 2201、 出液管, 23、 蜗杆泵, 24、 阀门 IV, 25、 阀门 V, 26、 止回 阀。
具体实施方式
如图所示, 一种高效泡沬混凝土发泡剂发泡机, 由发泡装置 1、 空气驱动 装置 2和发泡剂稀释液供给装置 3组成;
所述的发泡装置 1 由发泡管 4和喷雾机构 5组成, 发泡管 4的底部设有 喷雾口 10, 发泡管 4内设有隔离盘 6, 隔离盘 6上方为泡沬生成腔 7, 隔离盘 6与喷雾口 10之间为喷雾腔 8,隔离盘 6上均匀分布多个大小一致的圆孔 601, 泡沬生成腔 7内设有不锈钢丝 9,喷雾机构 5通过喷雾口 10与喷雾腔 8连通; 所述的喷雾机构 5由三通管 503、稀释液输送管道 501和空气输送管道 502组 成, 空气输送管道 502的压缩空气出口端设置在三通管 503的一个端口内, 并且与三通管 503的内壁之间为环形腔 504,三通管 503的另外两个端口分别 与稀释液输送管道 501和喷雾口 10连接, 空气输送管道 502的压缩空气出口 端与喷雾口 10之间设有雾化室 506,雾化室 506与喷雾口 10的接口处设有空 间调节螺丝 505, 稀释液输送管道 501上设有发泡剂稀释液调节阀门 12, 空 气输送管道 502上设有压缩空气阀门 13;
所述的空气驱动装置 2由空气压缩机 14和发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15组成, 发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15 上部设有空气管道 1501、 压力管道 1503 和压力表 I 1504, 其下部设有出液口 1505, 其侧壁上设有进液管 1506, 空气管道 1501 通过阀门 I 17与喷雾机构 5的空气输送管道 502连接,出液口 1505通过带有 阀门 ΙΠ20的出液管道 19与稀释液输送管道 501连接, 空气压缩机 14设置在 发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15上方并与压力管道 1503连接, 空气压缩机 14上设有压 力表 II 1401 ;
所述的发泡剂稀释液供给装置 3通过蜗杆泵 23与发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15 的进液管 1506连接。
所述的发泡剂稀释液供给装置 3由发泡剂稀释罐 22和蜗杆泵 23组成, 发泡剂稀释罐 22底部设有出液管 2201, 出液管 2201通过橡胶软管与蜗杆泵 23连接,蜗杆泵 23通过橡胶软管与发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15的进液管 1506连接, 在出液管 2201上设有阀门 IV24, 在进液管 1506上设有阀门 V25。
所述的蜗杆泵 23与阀门 V25之间设有止回阀 26。
所述的稀释液输送管道 501与出液管道 19的连接管路上设有发泡剂稀释 液流量计 11。
所述的空气管道 1501与空气输送管道 502的连接管路上设有空气流量计
16。
所述的发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15顶部设有维修法兰 1507。
所述的发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15上部设有出气管 1502, 出气管 1502上设有 阀门 II 18ο
所述的隔离盘 11为圆形结构。
所述的出液管道 19还与液位计 21连接。
本发明的具体实施方式如下。
一、 启动发泡机
1. 在发泡剂稀释罐 22 中, 将发泡剂原液按其说明书规定的比例用水稀 释, 混匀便得发泡剂稀释液。 2. 关闭发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15的阀门 11120、 阀门 1 17, 开启阀门 II 18。
3. 向蜗杆泵 23中加满发泡剂稀释液, 开启阀门 ΙΠ20和阀门 V25, 启动 蜗杆泵 23, 向发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15注入发泡剂稀释液。
4. 当发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15的液面高度达到其整体高度的 3/4到 4/5时, 切断蜗杆泵电源, 关闭阀门 IV24、 阀门 V25和阀门 II 18。
5. 接通空气压缩机电源, 当压力表11 1401 指示的压力 0. 6¾«¾ 时, 先 关闭发泡剂稀释液调节阀门 12和喷雾装置 5中的压缩空气阀门 13,而后开启 发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15的阀门 ΠΙ20和阀门 I 17。
6. 先调节喷雾装置 5中的压缩空气阀门 13, 使空气流量达到目标值; 再 调节发泡剂稀释液调节阀门 12使发泡剂稀释液的流量达到目标值。
7. 当泡沬喷出后, 重新操作第 6步, 使空气流量、 发泡剂稀释液流量均 符合目标值, 即可。
二、 发泡剂稀释液的添加
当从液位计 21观察到发泡剂稀释液需要添加时,可按以下步骤进行添加。
1. 首先观察发泡剂稀释罐, 是否有足够的发泡剂稀释液, 如果不足应重 新配制。
2. 开启发泡剂稀释罐阀门 IV24和阀门 V 25后, 启动蜗杆泵 23, 向发泡 剂稀释液贮罐 15注入发泡剂稀释液, 当发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15的液面达到其 总高度的 3/4到 4/5时, 切断蜗杆泵电源, 关闭阀门 IV24和阀门 V 25。
三、 设备清洗
1. 当发泡完成时操作完毕, 关闭空压机。
2. 用自来水冲洗发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15, 开启阀门 IV24和阀门 V25后, 启动蜗杆泵 27, 并继续向发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15补加自来水, 依靠蜗杆泵清洗 发泡剂稀释液接触的后续所有设备。
3. 开启阀门 II, 放掉发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15的空气后关闭阀门 II 。 所述的发泡剂最好使用 LC系列发泡剂,使用 LC系发泡剂,使泡径变大, 不但可以提高单位发泡剂的泡沬混凝土产量, 而且可以增加泡沬混凝土制品 中孔与孔之间的混凝土壁厚, 从而提高泡沬混凝土制品的抗压强度, 同时也 有利于降低发泡剂制备泡沬混凝土制品的容重底限。 降低泡沬混凝土制品的 容重、 提高泡沬混凝土的抗压强度, 无疑都有利于扩大泡沬混凝土的应用范 围。 实施例 1
LC-01型泡沬混凝土发泡剂, 发泡倍数为 4. 0m7kg、 稀释倍数为 1: 100。 本发明的参数如下。
①空压机: 最大压力为 0. 6MPA, 排气量为 50L/min。
②发泡剂稀释液贮罐: 容积为 100L。
③发泡液稀释罐: 容积为 600L。
④发泡管: 管腰长度 L为 600匪; 出口内径为 20匪、 中部内径为 50匪、 入口内径为 20mm。
⑤喷雾机构: 三通管的上口外径与发泡管喷雾口入口内径配套, 并以丝 扣连接; 雾化室空间调节螺丝 508的扳手卡口 505外径为 8mm、雾化室的出口 直径为 4匪、空气喷射管 507出口直径为 1匪、空气喷射管 507的内径为 10匪、 喷雾机构的下口外径为 10mm; 三通管内发泡剂稀释液的环形腔间隙为 lmm。
⑥发泡剂稀释液流量计: 测量范围为 0〜0. 05kg/min; 耐压 1. 2MPa;
⑥空气流量计: 测量范围为 0〜 100L/min; 耐压 1. 2MPa。
⑦液位计、 压力表、 所有阀门、 连接管、 管件: 耐压 1. 2MPa。
⑧蜗杆泵: 流量为 5L/min; 扬程 160m。 发泡操作如下。
1. 发泡剂稀释液的配制。
(1)用一个 30〜50升的塑料桶, 先加 LC-01型发泡剂原液 4. 5kg, 按 1: 100的比例取总用水量水约 450kg;依照"先稠后稀"的原则,边搅边加水 5kg、 10kg, 15kg0
(2)关闭发泡剂稀释罐 22 的阀门 IV, 把塑料桶的发泡剂溶液倒入发泡剂 稀释罐 22中, 先分别用余下的水洗涤塑料桶 3到 4次, 洗涤液全部倒入发泡 剂稀释罐 22中。
(3)边搅拌、 边加水, 直到 450kg水全部加完即可。
2. 向发泡剂稀释液贮罐 22注入配好的发泡剂稀释液。
( 1 ) 关闭发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15的阀门 11120、 阀门 I 17, 开启阀门 11 18。
(2 ) 向蜗杆泵 23中加满发泡剂稀释液, 开启阀门 ΙΠ20和阀门 V25, 启 动蜗杆泵 23, 向发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15注入发泡剂稀释液。
(3 ) 当发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15的液面高度达到其整体高度的 3/4到 4/5 时, 切断蜗杆泵电源, 关闭阀门 IV24、 阀门 V25和阀门 II 18。
3. 发泡及空气、 发泡剂稀释液的配比调节。
( 1 ) 接通空气压缩机电源, 当压力表 II 1401 指示的压力 6MPa 时, 先关闭发泡剂稀释液调节阀门 12和喷雾装置 5中的压缩空气阀门 13,而后开 启发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15的阀门 ΠΙ20和阀门 I 17。
(2 )先调节喷雾装置 5中的压缩空气阀门 13,使空气流量达到 50L/min; 再调节发泡剂稀释液调节阀门 12使发泡剂稀释液的流量达到 0. 0125kg/mino
(3 ) 当泡沬喷出后, 由于发泡管中充满泡沬, 阻力增加, 重新调节空气 和发泡剂稀释液的流量, 使空气流量、 发泡剂稀释液流量均符合目标值, 即 4. 发泡管径比的选择及空气、 发泡剂稀释液最佳比例调节 (
(1)取一个约 15kg的水桶, 先称其重量为 W。kg, 盛满水后为 kg, 则其 容积 V为
W - W γ『
ν =^γ^ = 0^ - W。)升
(2)倒去水桶中的水, 并揩干水桶内外壁, 再称重为 W2kg, 向该桶中注入 发泡机产生的泡沬, 并及时用批灰刀抹平泡沬避免形成空气空洞, 盛满泡沬 后用直尺将泡沬与桶口刮平, 称其重量为 W3kg, 则该发泡剂原液的发泡倍数 可用下式计算
(发泡倍数) =
Figure imgf000012_0001
式中, 100为稀释倍数; 1000为体积单位 "升"变为 "m3" 时的换算因子。
(3)若 远小于 4. OmVkg, 应调小发泡剂稀释液的流量或加大空气流量, 使 取得 极大值。
(4) 7Γ极大值接近于 4. 0m7kg, 则表明发泡管的尺寸、 长径比与 极大值对应的 发泡剂稀释液与空气的流量比匹配; 否则应更换发泡管的尺寸、 长径比。
(5)实验结果表明, 实施例 1的空气流量 50L/min、 发泡剂稀释液的流量 0. 0125kg/min以及所选发泡管 4是合适的, 其泡沬的生产能力为 49L/min。
5. 发泡剂稀释液的添加。
随着发泡的进行, 当从液位计 21观察到发泡剂稀释液需要添加时, 可按 以下步骤进行添加。
(1)首先观察发泡剂稀释罐, 是否有足够的发泡剂稀释液, 不然的话, 按 骤 1重新配制。 (2)开启发泡剂稀释罐阀门 IV24和阀门 V 25后, 启动蜗杆泵 23, 向发泡 剂稀释液贮罐 15注入发泡剂稀释液, 当发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15的液面达到其 总高度的 3/4到 4/5时, 切断蜗杆泵电源, 关闭阀门 IV24和阀门 V25。
6. 设备清洗。
(1)当发泡完成时操作完毕, 关闭空压机。
(2)用自来水冲洗发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15, 开启阀门 IV24和阀门 V25后, 启动蜗杆泵 27, 并继续向发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15补加自来水, 依靠蜗杆泵清洗 发泡剂稀释液接触的后续所有设备。
(3)开启阀门 II, 放掉发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15的空气后关闭阀门 II 。 实施例 2
LC-03型泡沬混凝土发泡剂, 发泡倍数为 6. 0m7kg、 稀释倍数为 1: 100。 本发明的参数如下。
①空压机: 最大压力为 1. 0MPA, 排气量为 400L/min。
②发泡剂稀释液贮罐: 容积为 400L。
③发泡液稀释罐: 容积为 1200L。
④发泡管: 管腰长度 L为 1200匪; 出口内径为 40匪、 中部内径为 120匪、 入口内径为 40mm。
⑤喷雾机构: 三通管的上口外径与发泡管喷雾口入口内径配套, 并以丝 扣连接; 雾化室空间调节螺丝 508的扳手卡口 505外径为 16mm、 雾化室的出 口直径为 8匪、空气喷射管 507出口直径为 4匪、空气喷射管 507的内径为 15匪、 喷雾机构的下口外径为 20mm; 三通管内发泡剂稀释液的环形腔间隙为 2mm。
⑥发泡剂稀释液流量计: 测量范围为 0〜0. lkg/min; 耐压 1. 2MPa;
⑥空气流量计: 测量范围为 0〜400L/min; 耐压 1. 2MPa。
⑦液位计、 压力表、 所有阀门、 连接管、 管件: 耐压 1. 2MPa。 ⑧蜗杆泵: 流量为 5L/min; 扬程 160m。
发泡操作如下。
1. 发泡剂稀释液的配制。
( 1 ) 用一个 30〜50升的塑料桶, 先加 LC-01型发泡剂原液 10kg, 按 1 : 100 的比例取总用水量水约 1000kg; 依照 "先稠后稀" 的原则, 边搅边加 水 5kg、 10kg, 15kg0
(2 ) 关闭发泡剂稀释罐 22 的阀门 IV, 把塑料桶的发泡剂溶液倒入发泡 剂稀释罐 22中, 先分别用余下的水洗涤塑料桶 3到 4次, 洗涤液全部倒入发 泡剂稀释罐 22中。
(3 ) 边搅拌、 边加水, 直到 1000kg水全部加完即可。
2. 向发泡剂稀释液贮罐 22注入配好的发泡剂稀释液。
( 1 ) 关闭发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15的阀门 11120、 阀门 I 17, 开启阀门 11 18。
(2 ) 向蜗杆泵 23中加满发泡剂稀释液, 开启阀门 ΙΠ20和阀门 V25 , 启 动蜗杆泵 23, 向发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15注入发泡剂稀释液。
(3 ) 当发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15的液面高度达到其整体高度的 3/4到 4/5 时, 切断蜗杆泵电源, 关闭阀门 IV24、 阀门 V25和阀门 II 18。
3. 发泡及空气、 发泡剂稀释液的配比调节。
( 1 ) 接通空气压缩机电源, 当压力表 II 1401 指示的压力 6MPa 时, 先关闭发泡剂稀释液调节阀门 12和喷雾装置 5中的压缩空气阀门 13,而后开 启发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15的阀门 ΠΙ20和阀门 I 17。
(2 )先调节喷雾装置 5中的压缩空气阀门 13,使空气流量达到 300L/min; 再调节发泡剂稀释液调节阀门 12使发泡剂稀释液的流量达到 0. 05kg/min。
(3 ) 当泡沬喷出后, 由于发泡管中充满泡沬, 阻力增加, 重新调节空气 4. 发泡管径比的选择及空气、 发泡剂稀释液最佳比例调节 (
( 1 ) 取一个约 15kg的水桶, 先称其重量为 W。kg, 盛满水后为 kg, 则 其容积 V为
γ『
W。)升
Figure imgf000015_0001
( 2 ) 倒去水桶中的水, 并揩干水桶内外壁, 再称重为 W2kg, 向该桶中注 入发泡机产生的泡沬, 并及时用批灰刀抹平泡沬避免形成空气空洞, 盛满泡 沬后用直尺将泡沬与桶口刮平, 称其重量为 W3kg, 则该发泡剂原液的发泡倍 数可用下式计算
(发泡倍数) =
Figure imgf000015_0002
式中, 100为稀释倍数; 1000为体积单位 "升"变为 "m3" 时的换算因子。
(3)若 远小于 6. OmVkg, 应调小发泡剂稀释液的流量或加大空气流量, 使 取得 极大值。
(4) 7Γ极大值接近于 6. 0m7kg, 则表明发泡管的尺寸、 长径比与 极大值对应的 发泡剂稀释液与空气的流量比匹配; 否则应更换发泡管的尺寸、 长径比。
(5)实验结果表明, 实施例 2的空气流量 300L/min、发泡剂稀释液的流量 0. 05kg/min以及所选发泡管 4是合适的, 其泡沬的生产能力为 295L/min。
5. 发泡剂稀释液的添加。
随着发泡的进行, 当从液位计 21观察到发泡剂稀释液需要添加时, 可按 以下步骤进行添加。
(1)首先观察发泡剂稀释罐, 是否有足够的发泡剂稀释液, 不然的话, 按 步骤 1重新配制。
(2)开启发泡剂稀释罐阀门 IV24和阀门 V 25后, 启动蜗杆泵 23, 向发泡 剂稀释液贮罐 15注入发泡剂稀释液, 当发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15的液面达到其 总高度的 3/4到 4/5时, 切断蜗杆泵电源, 关闭阀门 IV24和阀门 V25。
6. 设备清洗。
( 1 ) 当发泡完成时操作完毕, 关闭空压机。
(2)用自来水冲洗发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15, 开启阀门 IV24和阀门 V25后, 启动蜗杆泵 27, 并继续向发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15补加自来水, 依靠蜗杆泵清洗 发泡剂稀释液接触的后续所有设备。
(3)开启阀门 II, 放掉发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15的空气后关闭阀门 II 。 实施例 3 我国某厂泡沬混凝土发泡剂, 发泡倍数为 1. 6m7kg、 稀释倍数为 1: 30。 本发明的参数如下。
①空压机: 最大压力为 1. 0MPA, 排气量为 400L/min。
②发泡剂稀释液贮罐: 容积为 400L。
③发泡液稀释罐: 容积为 1200L。
④发泡管: 管腰长度 L为 1200匪; 出口内径为 40匪、 中部内径为 120匪、 入口内径为 40mm。
⑤喷雾机构: 三通管的上口外径与发泡管喷雾口入口内径配套, 并以丝 扣连接; 雾化室空间调节螺丝 508的扳手卡口 505外径为 16mm、 雾化室的出 口直径为 8匪、空气喷射管 507出口直径为 4匪、空气喷射管 507的内径为 15匪、 喷雾机构的下口外径为 20mm; 三通管内发泡剂稀释液的环形腔间隙为 2mm。
⑥发泡剂稀释液流量计: 测量范围为 0〜0. lkg/min; 耐压 1. 2MPa; ⑥空气流量计: 测量范围为 0〜400L/min; 耐压 1. 2MPa。 ⑦液位计、 压力表、 所有阀门、 连接管、 管件: 耐压 1. 2MPa。
⑧蜗杆泵: 流量为 5L/min; 扬程 160m。
发泡操作如下。
1. 发泡剂稀释液的配制。
(1)用一个 30〜50升的塑料桶, 先加实验发泡剂原液 30kg, 按 1: 30的 比例取总用水量水 900kg; 依照"先稠后稀"的原则, 边搅边加水 5kg、 lOkgo
(2)关闭发泡剂稀释罐 22 的阀门 IV, 把塑料桶的发泡剂溶液倒入发泡剂 稀释罐 22中, 先分别用余下的水洗涤塑料桶 3到 4次, 洗涤液全部倒入发泡 剂稀释罐 22中。
(3)边搅拌、 边加水, 直到 900kg水全部加完即可。
2. 向发泡剂稀释液贮罐 22注入配好的发泡剂稀释液。
(1)关闭发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15的阀门 11120、 阀门 I 17, 开启阀门 11 18。
(2)向蜗杆泵 23中加满发泡剂稀释液, 开启阀门 ΙΠ20和阀门 V25, 启动 蜗杆泵 23, 向发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15注入发泡剂稀释液。
(3) 当发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15的液面高度达到其整体高度的 3/4到 4/5时, 切断蜗杆泵电源, 关闭阀门 IV24、 阀门 V25和阀门 II 18。
3. 发泡及空气、 发泡剂稀释液的配比调节。
(1)接通空气压缩机电源, 当压力表11 1401 指示的压力 0. 6¾«¾ 时, 先 关闭发泡剂稀释液调节阀门 12和喷雾装置 5中的压缩空气阀门 13,而后开启 发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15的阀门 ΠΙ20和阀门 I 17。
(2)先调节喷雾装置 5中的压缩空气阀门 13, 使空气流量达到 300L/min; 再调节发泡剂稀释液调节阀门 12使发泡剂稀释液的流量达到 0. 19kg/min。
(3)当泡沬喷出后, 由于发泡管中充满泡沬, 阻力增加, 重新调节空气和 发泡剂稀释液的流量, 使空气流量、 发泡剂稀释液流量均符合目标值, 即可。
4. 发泡管径比的选择及空气、 发泡剂稀释液最佳比例调节。
(1)取一个约 15kg的水桶, 先称其重量为 W。kg, 盛满水后为 kg, 则其 容积 V为
W - W γ『
ν =^γ^ = 0^ - W。)升
(2)倒去水桶中的水, 并揩干水桶内外壁, 再称重为 W2kg, 向该桶中注入 发泡机产生的泡沬, 并及时用批灰刀抹平泡沬避免形成空气空洞, 盛满泡沬 后用直尺将泡沬与桶口刮平, 称其重量为 W3kg, 则该发泡剂原液的发泡倍数 可用下式计算
(发泡倍数) =
Figure imgf000018_0001
式中, 100为稀释倍数; 1000为体积单位 "升"变为 "m3" 时的换算因子。
(3)若 远小于 1. 6m7kg, 应调小发泡剂稀释液的流量或加大空气流量, 使 取得 极大值。
(4) 7Γ极大值接近于 1. 6m7kg, 则表明发泡管的尺寸、 长径比与 极大值对应的 发泡剂稀释液与空气的流量比匹配; 否则应更换发泡管的尺寸、 长径比。
(5)实验结果表明, 实施例 3的空气流量 300L/min、发泡剂稀释液的流量 0. 19kg/min以及所选发泡管 4是合适的, 其泡沬的生产能力为 290L/min。
5. 发泡剂稀释液的添加
随着发泡的进行, 当从液位计 21观察到发泡剂稀释液需要添加时, 可按 以下步骤进行添加。
(1)首先观察发泡剂稀释罐, 是否有足够的发泡剂稀释液, 不然的话, 按 骤 1重新配制。 (2)开启发泡剂稀释罐阀门 IV24和阀门 V25后, 启动蜗杆泵 23, 向发泡 剂稀释液贮罐 15注入发泡剂稀释液, 当发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15的液面达到其 总高度的 3/4到 4/5时, 切断蜗杆泵电源, 关闭阀门 IV24和阀门 V25。
6. 设备清洗。
(1)当发泡完成时操作完毕, 关闭空压机。
(2)用自来水冲洗发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15, 开启阀门 IV24和阀门 V25后, 启动蜗杆泵 27, 并继续向发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15补加自来水, 依靠蜗杆泵清洗 发泡剂稀释液接触的后续所有设备。
(3)开启阀门 II, 放掉发泡剂稀释液贮罐 15的空气后关闭阀门 II。

Claims

1、 一种高效泡沬混凝土发泡剂发泡机, 其特征在于: 由发泡装 置 (1)、 空气驱动装置 (2) 和发泡剂稀释液供给装置 (3) 组成; 所述的发泡装置 (1) 由发泡管 (4)和喷雾机构 (5)组成, 发 泡管(4)的底部设有喷雾口 (10), 发泡管(4) 内设有隔离盘(6), 隔离盘 (6) 上方为泡沬生成腔 (7), 隔离盘 (6) 与喷雾口 (10) 之间为喷雾腔 (8), 隔离盘 (6) 上均匀分布多个大小一致的圆孔
(601), 泡沬生成腔 (7) 内设有不锈钢丝 (9), 喷雾机构 (5) 通 过喷雾口 (10) 与喷雾腔 (8) 连通; 所述的喷雾机构 (5) 由三通 管 (503)、 稀释液输送管道 (501) 和空气输送管道 (502) 组成, 空气输送管道 (502) 的压缩空气出口端设置在三通管 (503) 的一 个端口内, 并且与三通管 (503) 的内壁之间为环形腔 (504), 三通 管 (503) 的另外两个端口分别与稀释液输送管道 (501) 和喷雾口
(10)连接, 空气输送管道(502)的压缩空气出口端与喷雾口 (10) 之间设有雾化室 (506), 雾化室 (506)与喷雾口 (10) 的接口处设 有空间调节螺丝 (505), 稀释液输送管道(501)上设有发泡剂稀释 液调节阀门(12), 空气输送管道(502)上设有压缩空气阀门(13); 所述的空气驱动装置(2) 由空气压缩机(14)和发泡剂稀释液 贮罐(15)组成,发泡剂稀释液贮罐(15)上部设有空气管道(1501)、 压力管道 (1503)和压力表 I (1504), 其下部设有出液口 (1505), 其侧壁上设有进液管 (1506), 空气管道 (1501)通过阀门 I (17) 与喷雾机构 (5) 的空气输送管道 (502) 连接, 出液口 (1505) 通 过带有阀门 III (20) 的出液管道 (19)与稀释液输送管道 (501)连 接, 空气压缩机 (14) 设置在发泡剂稀释液贮罐 (15) 上方并与压 力管道 (1503)连接, 空气压缩机 (14) 上设有压力表 II (1401); 所述的发泡剂稀释液供给装置 (3)通过蜗杆泵 (23)与发泡剂 稀释液贮罐 (15) 的进液管 (1506)连接。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种高效泡沬混凝土发泡剂发泡机, 其特征在于:所述的发泡剂稀释液供给装置(3)由发泡剂稀释罐 (22) 和蜗杆泵(23)组成, 发泡剂稀释罐(22)底部设有出液管(2201), 出液管 (2201) 通过橡胶软管与蜗杆泵 (23) 连接, 蜗杆泵 (23) 通过橡胶软管与发泡剂稀释液贮罐 (15) 的进液管 (1506) 连接, 在出液管 (2201)上设有阀门 IV (24), 在进液管 (1506)上设有阀 门 V (25)。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的一种高效泡沬混凝土发泡剂发泡机, 其特征在于: 所述的蜗杆泵 (23) 与阀门 V (25) 之间设有止回阀
(26)。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种高效泡沬混凝土发泡剂发泡机, 其特征在于: 所述的稀释液输送管道 (501)与出液管道 (19) 的连 接管路上设有发泡剂稀释液流量计 (11)。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种高效泡沬混凝土发泡剂发泡机, 其特征在于: 所述的空气管道(1501)与空气输送管道 (502) 的连 接管路上设有空气流量计 (16)。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种高效泡沬混凝土发泡剂发泡机, 其特征在于: 所述的发泡剂稀释液贮罐 (15) 顶部设有维修法兰 (1507)。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种高效泡沬混凝土发泡剂发泡机, 其特征在于:所述的发泡剂稀释液贮罐(15)上部设有出气管(1502), 出气管 (1502) 上设有阀门 II (18)。
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种高效泡沬混凝土发泡剂发泡机, 其特征在于: 所述的隔离盘 (11) 为圆形结构。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种高效泡沬混凝土发泡剂发泡机, 其特征在于: 所述的出液管道 (19)还与液位计 (21)连接。
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CN102773909A (zh) * 2012-04-13 2012-11-14 杨永 菱镁专用发泡机
CN102632538A (zh) * 2012-04-24 2012-08-15 贵州博典建材化工科技有限公司 组合式多功能泡沫料浆填芯方法
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