WO2013023371A1 - 用于起重机的标准节和塔式起重机 - Google Patents
用于起重机的标准节和塔式起重机 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013023371A1 WO2013023371A1 PCT/CN2011/078535 CN2011078535W WO2013023371A1 WO 2013023371 A1 WO2013023371 A1 WO 2013023371A1 CN 2011078535 W CN2011078535 W CN 2011078535W WO 2013023371 A1 WO2013023371 A1 WO 2013023371A1
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- polygon
- main chord
- standard section
- crane
- main
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of construction machinery, and in particular to standard sections and tower cranes for cranes. Background technique
- the tower body of a tower crane is usually connected by standard sections.
- the standard section is one of the most critical force members on the crane. It is subject to the working load of the crane, the load caused by the weight of the tower body structure, and the load caused by the wind resistance of the tower body. Therefore, the standard section needs to be large enough. Strength and stiffness.
- the existing standard sections have a square shape in cross section, and a vertical main chord 1 is disposed at each vertex of the square, and the adjacent two main chords 1 are connected to each other.
- a horizontal web 2 is provided.
- a center of the square is provided with a connecting plate 3, and a second horizontal web 4 is connected between the connecting plate 3 and the main chord 1.
- the main chord 1 is the main force-receiving part in the standard section. As the lifting torque of the crane increases, the cross-sectional area of the main chord 1 becomes larger, which makes it difficult to manufacture the main chord 1.
- the pin of the main chord 1 connecting the two standard sections is also very large and heavy, which causes great difficulty in installation.
- the large cross-sectional area of the main chord 1 has a very small material selection margin, which makes it difficult to purchase.
- the large cross-sectional main chord 1 usually adopts a large cross-section steel, while the large cross-sectional profile steel is prone to original defects such as slag inclusions, pores, cracks, etc. during the smelting process, thereby bringing safety to the crane. Hidden dangers. Summary of the invention
- the present invention provides a standard section for a crane, the cross section of which is a polygon, wherein the number of sides of the polygon is five or more, and at each vertex of the polygon A vertical main chord is provided.
- the polygon is a regular polygon.
- the number of sides of the polygon is an even number.
- the polygon is a regular hexagon or a regular octagon.
- a first horizontal web is connected between two adjacent main chords.
- the first horizontal web is connected between every two adjacent main chords and in the same horizontal plane.
- the first horizontal web is disposed at an end and/or a middle of the main chord.
- a center of the polygon is provided with a connecting plate, and a second horizontal web is connected between the connecting plate and the main chord.
- the second horizontal web is disposed between the connecting plate and all of the main chords.
- a diagonal bevel rod inclined with respect to a horizontal plane is connected between the two adjacent main chords.
- the diagonal webs are two, one ends of the two diagonal webs are respectively connected to a middle portion of one of the main chords, and the other ends of the two diagonal webs are respectively associated with another main string The ends of the rod are connected.
- the diagonal web is disposed between every two adjacent main chords.
- the present invention also provides a tower crane comprising a tower body, the tower body comprising the above-mentioned standard section.
- the standard sections of the tower body are all the above-mentioned standard sections, and two adjacent standard sections are connected to each other.
- the main chord can be added as compared with the standard section in the prior art. Therefore, under the premise that the lifting torque of the crane is constant, the load on the single main chord can be reduced, thereby reducing the cross-sectional area of the main chord and reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the main chord. And reduce the difficulty of purchasing the main chord.
- the pin of the main chord connecting the two standard sections is correspondingly smaller and lighter, thereby reducing the labor intensity of the installer, reducing the difficulty of installation, and enhancing the operation. safety.
- the cross-sectional area of the main chord is reduced, the cross-sectional area of the profile steel used is also reduced, thereby reducing the original defects of the profile steel, such as the incidence of slag inclusion, pores, cracks, etc., ensuring the crane Safe use.
- Figure 1 is a schematic top plan view of a conventional standard section for a crane
- FIG. 2 is a perspective structural view of a standard section for a crane provided by the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic top plan view of a standard section for a crane provided by the present invention. Description of the reference numerals
- the present invention provides a standard section for a crane, the cross section shape of which is a polygon, wherein the number of sides of the polygon is five or more, and in the polygon A vertical main chord 1 is provided at each vertex.
- the main chord 1 Since the number of sides of the polygon is five or more, and a vertical main chord 1 is provided at each vertex of the polygon, the main chord 1 can be added as compared with the standard section in the prior art. Therefore, under the premise that the lifting torque of the crane is constant, the load on the single main chord 1 can be reduced, thereby reducing the cross-sectional area of the main chord 1 and reducing the processing of the main chord 1. It is difficult to manufacture and reduces the difficulty of purchasing the main chord 1. In addition, since the pulling force of the main chord 1 needs to be reduced, the pin shaft of the main chord 1 connecting the two standard sections is also correspondingly smaller and lighter, thereby reducing the labor intensity of the installer, reducing the difficulty of installation, and enhancing Operational safety.
- the cross-sectional area of the main chord 1 is reduced, the cross-sectional area of the profile steel used is also reduced, thereby reducing the original defects of the profile steel, such as the incidence of slag inclusion, pores, cracks, etc., ensuring Safe use of cranes.
- the polygon is a regular polygon.
- the number of sides of the polygon is an even number.
- the number of sides of the polygon is selected according to a specific case, for example, the polygon may be a regular hexagon or a regular octagon. In the embodiment shown in Figures 2 and 3, the polygon is a regular hexagon.
- a connecting structure is usually also provided between the main chords 1, and the main chord 1 is connected by the connecting structure to form a whole.
- a first horizontal web 2 is connected between two adjacent main chords 1.
- the first horizontal web 2 is connected between every two adjacent main chords 1 and at the same level. In-plane.
- the first horizontal web 2 can be connected to the main chord 1 in any suitable manner, such as by fasteners or pins.
- the first horizontal web 2 may be disposed at an appropriate position of the main chord 1, for example, at the end or middle of the main chord 1 or at the same time and at the center and the middle of the main chord 1. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, the first horizontal web 2 is simultaneously disposed at the end and the middle of the main chord 1.
- the center of the polygon is provided with a connecting plate 3, and a second horizontal web 4 is connected between the connecting plate 3 and the main chord 1.
- the second horizontal web 4 is disposed between the connecting plate 3 and all of the main chords 1.
- the second horizontal web 4 can be connected to the web 3 and the main chord 1 in any suitable manner, such as by fasteners or pins.
- the web 3 can also be removed and the second horizontal web 4 can be connected directly between the two centrally symmetrical main chords 1.
- the second horizontal web 4 can be attached to the appropriate position of the main chord 1 and selected according to specific needs.
- the first horizontal web 2 and the second horizontal web 4 are both used to increase the strength of the standard section, and only one of the first horizontal web 2 and the second horizontal web 4 may be provided, or the first level may be set at the same time.
- the web 2 and the second horizontal web 4 are. As shown in Fig. 2, in order to secure the strength of the standard section, it is preferable to simultaneously provide the first horizontal web 2 and the second horizontal web 4 .
- the adjacent two main chords 1 are connected with a diagonal web 5 inclined with respect to the horizontal plane.
- the diagonal webs 5 are two, and one ends of the two diagonal webs 5 are respectively connected to the middle of one of the main chords 1, and the two diagonal webs 5 are connected. The other ends are respectively connected to the other ends of the other main chord 1.
- the diagonal web 5 is disposed between every two adjacent main chords 1.
- the diagonal web 5 can be connected to the main chord 1 in any suitable manner, such as by fasteners or pins.
- the present invention also provides a tower crane comprising a tower body, wherein the tower body comprises the above-mentioned standard section.
- the standard sections of the tower body are all the above-mentioned standard sections, and two adjacent standard sections are connected to each other. Adjacent two of the standard sections may be interconnected in various suitable ways, such as by fasteners or pins.
- the main chord can be added as compared with the standard section in the prior art.
- the number of 1 can reduce the load on the single main chord 1 under the premise that the lifting torque of the crane is constant, so that the cross-sectional area of the main chord 1 can be reduced, and the main chord 1 can be reduced. It is difficult to manufacture and reduce the difficulty of purchasing the main chord 1.
- the pin shaft of the main chord 1 connecting the two standard sections is also correspondingly smaller and lighter, thereby reducing the labor intensity of the installer, reducing the difficulty of installation, and enhancing Operational safety.
- the cross-sectional area of the main chord 1 is reduced, the cross-sectional area of the profile steel used is also reduced, thereby reducing the original defects of the profile steel, such as the incidence of slag inclusion, pores, cracks, etc., ensuring Safe use of cranes.
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- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
Abstract
一种用于起重机的标准节,该标准节的横截面形状为多边形,其中,多边形的边数为五条以上,且在多边形的每个顶点处均设置有竖直的主弦杆(1)。由于多边形的边数为五条以上,且在多边形的每个顶点处均设置有竖直的主弦杆(1),可以增加主弦杆(1)的个数,从而在起重机的起重力矩不变的前提下,可以降低单根主弦杆(1)所承受的载荷,从而可以降低主弦杆(1)的横截面积,降低主弦杆(1)的加工制造难度和安装难度,并且降低主弦杆(1)的采购难度。由于主弦杆(1)的横截面积减小,所以它采用的型钢的横截面积也减小,从而降低了型钢的原始缺陷,保证起重机的安全使用。
Description
用于起重机的标准节和塔式起重机
技术领域
本发明涉及工程机械领域, 具体地, 涉及用于起重机的标准节和塔式 起重机。 背景技术
塔式起重机的塔身通常由标准节连接而成。 标准节是起重机上最为关 键的受力构件之一, 它要承受起重机的工作荷载、 塔身上部结构自重所带 来的荷载、 以及塔身风阻所带来的荷载, 因此标准节需要具备足够大的强 度和刚度。
如图 1 所示, 现有标准节的横截面形状均为正方形, 在正方形的每个 顶点处均设置有竖直的主弦杆 1,相邻的两个主弦杆 1之间连接有第一水平 腹杆 2, 此外, 所述正方形的中心设置有连接板 3, 该连接板 3与所述主弦 杆 1之间连接有第二水平腹杆 4。主弦杆 1是标准节中的主要受力部件, 随 着起重机的起重力矩增大, 主弦杆 1 的横截面积越变越大, 给主弦杆 1的 加工制造带来困难。 此外, 由于主弦杆 1 需要承受巨大的拉力, 所以连接 两个标准节的主弦杆 1 的销轴也很大很重, 从而给安装带来很大的困难。 此外, 大横截面积主弦杆 1 的材料选择余地非常小, 给采购带来困难。 再 者, 大横截面积主弦杆 1 通常采用大横截面型钢, 而大横截面积型钢在冶 炼过程中容易产生原始缺陷, 如夹渣、 气孔、 裂缝等, 从而给起重机的使 用带来安全隐患。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种能够减小主弦杆的横截面积的用于起重机的 标准节和具有该标准节的塔式起重机。
为了实现上述目的, 本发明提供一种用于起重机的标准节, 该标准节 的横截面形状为多边形, 其中, 所述多边形的边数为五条以上, 且在所述 多边形的每个顶点处均设置有竖直的主弦杆。
优选地, 所述多边形为正多边形。
优选地, 所述多边形的边数为偶数。
优选地, 所述多边形为正六边形或正八边形。
优选地, 相邻的两个所述主弦杆之间连接有第一水平腹杆。
优选地, 所述第一水平腹杆连接在每两个相邻的所述主弦杆之间且位 于同一个水平面内。
优选地, 所述第一水平腹杆设置在所述主弦杆的端部和 /或中部。 优选地, 所述多边形的中心设置有连接板, 该连接板与所述主弦杆之 间连接有第二水平腹杆。
优选地, 所述第二水平腹杆设置在所述连接板与所有的所述主弦杆之 间。
优选地, 相邻的两个所述主弦杆之间连接有相对于水平面倾斜的斜腹 杆。
优选地, 所述斜腹杆为两个, 该两个斜腹杆的一端分别与其中一个所 述主弦杆的中部连接, 该两个斜腹杆的另一端分别与另外一个所述主弦杆 的两端连接。
优选地, 所述斜腹杆设置在每两个相邻的所述主弦杆之间。
另外, 本发明还提供了一种塔式起重机, 该塔式起重机包括塔身, 所 述塔身包括上述标准节。
优选地, 所述塔身的标准节均为上述标准节, 相邻的两个所述标准节 之间相互连接。
由于所述多边形的边数为五条以上, 且在所述多边形的每个顶点处均 设置有竖直的主弦杆, 所以与现有技术中的标准节相比, 可以增加主弦杆
的个数, 从而在起重机的起重力矩不变的前提下, 可以降低单根主弦杆所 承受的荷载, 从而可以减小主弦杆的横截面积, 降低主弦杆的加工制造难 度, 并且降低主弦杆的采购难度。 此外, 由于主弦杆需要承受的拉力变小, 所以连接两个标准节的主弦杆的销轴也相应变小变轻, 从而减轻了安装工 人的劳动强度, 降低了安装难度, 增强了操作安全性。 再者, 由于主弦杆 的横截面积减小, 所以它所采用的型钢的横截面积也减小, 从而降低了型 钢的原始缺陷, 如夹渣、 气孔、 裂缝等的产生几率, 保证起重机的安全使 用。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说 明。 附图说明
附图是用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 并且构成说明书的一部分, 与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明, 但并不构成对本发明的限制。 在附图中:
图 1是现有用于起重机的标准节的俯视结构示意图;
图 2是本发明提供的用于起重机的标准节的立体结构示意图; 图 3是本发明提供的用于起重机的标准节的俯视结构示意图。 附图标记说明
1: 主弦杆; 2: 第一水平腹杆; 3 : 连接板; 4: 第二水平腹杆; 5 : 斜 腹杆。 具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。 应当理解的是, 此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明, 并不用于限制本发
明。
在本发明中, 在未作相反说明的情况下, 使用的术语 "竖直"、 "水平" 是在标准节的工作状态下定义的。
如图 2和图 3所示, 本发明提供了一种用于起重机的标准节, 该标准 节的横截面形状为多边形, 其中, 所述多边形的边数为五条以上, 且在所 述多边形的每个顶点处均设置有竖直的主弦杆 1。
由于所述多边形的边数为五条以上, 且在所述多边形的每个顶点处均 设置有竖直的主弦杆 1, 所以与现有技术中的标准节相比, 可以增加主弦杆 1的个数, 从而在起重机的起重力矩不变的前提下, 可以降低单根主弦杆 1 所承受的荷载, 从而可以减小主弦杆 1 的横截面积, 降低主弦杆 1的加工 制造难度, 并且降低主弦杆 1的采购难度。 此外, 由于主弦杆 1需要承受 的拉力变小, 所以连接两个标准节的主弦杆 1 的销轴也相应变小变轻, 从 而减轻了安装工人的劳动强度, 降低了安装难度, 增强了操作安全性。 再 者, 由于主弦杆 1 的横截面积减小, 所以它所采用的型钢的横截面积也减 小, 从而降低了型钢的原始缺陷, 如夹渣、 气孔、 裂缝等的产生几率, 保 证起重机的安全使用。
为了不使荷载集中在个别主弦杆 1 上, 优选地, 所述多边形为正多边 形。 为了进一步提高标准节的稳定性, 更优选地, 所述多边形的边数为偶 数。 所述多边形的边数根据具体情况选择, 例如, 所述多边形可以为正六 边形或正八边形。 在图 2和图 3所示的实施方式中, 所述多边形为正六边 形。
所述主弦杆 1之间通常还设置有连接结构,通过该连接结构将主弦杆 1 连接起来以构成一个整体。
如图 2所示, 根据本发明的一种实施方式, 相邻的两个所述主弦杆 1 之间连接有第一水平腹杆 2。 为了进一步提高标准节的强度, 优选地, 所述 第一水平腹杆 2连接在每两个相邻的所述主弦杆 1之间且位于同一个水平
面内。 第一水平腹杆 2可以采取各种适当的方式与主弦杆 1连接, 例如通 过紧固件或者销轴连接。 所述第一水平腹杆 2可以设置在主弦杆 1 的适当 位置,例如可以设置在所述主弦杆 1的端部或中部或者同时设置在主弦杆 1 的端部和中部。 在图 2所示的实施方式中, 第一水平腹杆 2同时设置在主 弦杆 1的端部和中部。
如图 2所示, 根据本发明的另一种实施方式, 所述多边形的中心设置 有连接板 3, 该连接板 3与所述主弦杆 1之间连接有第二水平腹杆 4。 为了 进一步提高标准节的强度, 优选地, 所述第二水平腹杆 4设置在所述连接 板 3与所有的所述主弦杆 1之间。 第二水平腹杆 4可以采取各种适当的方 式与连接板 3和主弦杆 1连接, 例如通过紧固件或者销轴连接。 当然, 作 为选择, 也可以将连接板 3去除, 而直接在中心对称的两根主弦杆 1之间 连接第二水平腹杆 4。第二水平腹杆 4可以连接在主弦杆 1的适当位置, 根 据具体需要进行选择。
第一水平腹杆 2和第二水平腹杆 4均用于提高标准节的强度, 可以只 设置第一水平腹杆 2和第二水平腹杆 4中的一种, 也可以同时设置第一水 平腹杆 2和第二水平腹杆 4。如图 2所示, 为了确保标准节的强度, 优选情 况下, 同时设置第一水平腹杆 2和第二水平腹杆 4。
为了进一步提高标准节的整体强度, 优选地, 相邻的两个所述主弦杆 1 之间连接有相对于水平面倾斜的斜腹杆 5。如图 2所示, 更优选地, 所述斜 腹杆 5为两个, 该两个斜腹杆 5的一端分别与其中一个所述主弦杆 1的中 部连接, 该两个斜腹杆 5的另一端分别与另外一个所述主弦杆 1 的两端连 接。 进一步优选地, 所述斜腹杆 5设置在每两个相邻的所述主弦杆 1之间。 斜腹杆 5可以采取各种适当的方式与主弦杆 1连接, 例如通过紧固件或者 销轴连接。
另外, 本发明还提供了一种塔式起重机, 该塔式起重机包括塔身, 其 中, 所述塔身包括上述标准节。
优选情况下, 所述塔身的标准节均为上述标准节, 相邻的两个所述标 准节之间相互连接。 相邻的两个所述标准节之间可以采取各种适当的方式 相互连接, 例如通过紧固件或者销轴相互连接。
所述塔式起重机的其它部分的结构为本领域技术人员所公知, 在此不 再赘述
由于所述多边形的边数为五条以上, 且在所述多边形的每个顶点处均 设置有竖直的主弦杆 1, 所以与现有技术中的标准节相比, 可以增加主弦杆
1的个数, 从而在起重机的起重力矩不变的前提下, 可以降低单根主弦杆 1 所承受的荷载, 从而可以减小主弦杆 1 的横截面积, 降低主弦杆 1的加工 制造难度, 并且降低主弦杆 1的采购难度。 此外, 由于主弦杆 1需要承受 的拉力变小, 所以连接两个标准节的主弦杆 1 的销轴也相应变小变轻, 从 而减轻了安装工人的劳动强度, 降低了安装难度, 增强了操作安全性。 再 者, 由于主弦杆 1 的横截面积减小, 所以它所采用的型钢的横截面积也减 小, 从而降低了型钢的原始缺陷, 如夹渣、 气孔、 裂缝等的产生几率, 保 证起重机的安全使用。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式, 但是, 本发明并不 限于上述实施方式中的具体细节, 在本发明的技术构思范围内, 可以对本 发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型, 这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范 围。
另外需要说明的是, 在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特 征, 在不矛盾的情况下, 可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。 为了避免不 必要的重复, 本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外, 本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合, 只要 其不违背本发明的思想, 其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。
Claims
1、 一种用于起重机的标准节, 该标准节的横截面形状为多边形, 其特 征在于, 所述多边形的边数为五条以上, 且在所述多边形的每个顶点处均 设置有竖直的主弦杆 (1 )。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的用于起重机的标准节, 其特征在于, 所述多 边形为正多边形。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的用于起重机的标准节, 其特征在于, 所述多 边形的边数为偶数。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的用于起重机的标准节, 其特征在于, 所述多 边形为正六边形或正八边形。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的用于起重机的标准节, 其特征在于, 相邻的 两个所述主弦杆 (1 ) 之间连接有第一水平腹杆 (2)。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的用于起重机的标准节, 其特征在于, 所述第 一水平腹杆 (2) 连接在每两个相邻的所述主弦杆 (1 ) 之间且位于同一个 水平面内。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的用于起重机的标准节, 其特征在于, 所述第 一水平腹杆 (2) 设置在所述主弦杆 (1 ) 的端部和 /或中部。
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的用于起重机的标准节, 其特征在于, 所述多 边形的中心设置有连接板 (3), 该连接板 (3) 与所述主弦杆 (1) 之间连 接有第二水平腹杆 (4)。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的用于起重机的标准节, 其特征在于, 所述第 二水平腹杆 (4) 设置在所述连接板 (3) 与所有的所述主弦杆 (1) 之间。
10、 根据权利要求 1 所述的用于起重机的标准节, 其特征在于, 相邻 的两个所述主弦杆 (1) 之间连接有相对于水平面倾斜的斜腹杆 (5)。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的用于起重机的标准节, 其特征在于, 所述 斜腹杆 (5) 为两个, 该两个斜腹杆 (5) 的一端分别与其中一个所述主弦 杆 (1) 的中部连接, 该两个斜腹杆 (5) 的另一端分别与另外一个所述主 弦杆 (1) 的两端连接。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的用于起重机的标准节, 其特征在于, 所述 斜腹杆 (5) 设置在每两个相邻的所述主弦杆 (1) 之间。
13、 一种塔式起重机, 该塔式起重机包括塔身, 其特征在于, 所述塔 身包括根据权利要求 1至 12中任意一项所述的标准节。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的塔式起重机, 其特征在于, 所述塔身的标 准节均为权利要求 1至 12中任意一项所述的标准节, 相邻的两个所述标准 节之间相互连接。
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