WO2013016959A1 - 一种集成式方向盘及应用其的工程机械 - Google Patents

一种集成式方向盘及应用其的工程机械 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013016959A1
WO2013016959A1 PCT/CN2012/073899 CN2012073899W WO2013016959A1 WO 2013016959 A1 WO2013016959 A1 WO 2013016959A1 CN 2012073899 W CN2012073899 W CN 2012073899W WO 2013016959 A1 WO2013016959 A1 WO 2013016959A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
steering wheel
gear
integrated
console
display screen
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Application number
PCT/CN2012/073899
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张德兴
殷实
张忠义
Original Assignee
湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司
三一重工股份有限公司
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Application filed by 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司, 三一重工股份有限公司 filed Critical 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司
Publication of WO2013016959A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013016959A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • B62D1/04—Hand wheels
    • B62D1/10—Hubs; Connecting hubs to steering columns, e.g. adjustable
    • B62D1/105—Non-rotatable hubs, e.g. the central part of the steering wheel not rotating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B60K35/10—Input arrangements, i.e. from user to vehicle, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/40—Special vehicles
    • B60Y2200/41—Construction vehicles, e.g. graders, excavators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an integrated steering wheel and a construction machine using the integrated steering wheel.
  • the operator When operating the engineering machinery, the operator must control the steering wheel 6 to achieve steering, control the handle 9 to realize various functions of the construction machinery, and monitor the display 7 to understand the working conditions and malfunctions of the various engineering machinery systems. Therefore, the arrangement of the handle 9 of the construction machine and the display 7 largely affects the operator's work efficiency and operational comfort.
  • the number of the handles 9 is large, which easily blocks the operator's work line of sight, and the positions of the handles 9 and the footrests 5 are too close, making the operation inconvenient.
  • the distance between the handle 9 and the steering wheel 6 is relatively long. If the operator needs to control the handle 9 while manipulating the steering wheel 6, it is necessary to move the hand away from the steering wheel 6 to operate the corresponding handle 9. Therefore, when the operator's hand leaves the steering wheel 6, it is easy to cause the construction machine to run off and the problem of driving safety is generated.
  • an integrated steering wheel integrating the above display screen and a switch for realizing the functions of each handle on the steering wheel and an engineering machine using the integrated steering wheel are designed to improve the working efficiency of the operator and prevent the driving safety problem of the construction machine. Need to solve the problem.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an integrated steering wheel, comprising a console and a steering wheel body, wherein the steering wheel body is rotatably disposed on a periphery of the console, on the console With display and control parts.
  • the operating member is disposed at an edge of the console on both sides of the display screen.
  • the console is further provided with a switch.
  • the switch is disposed on a console on one side of the display screen.
  • the console is further provided with a warning light.
  • the warning light is disposed at an edge of the console on a side of the switch away from the display screen.
  • the present invention also provides a construction machine to which the above integrated steering wheel is applied.
  • the integrated steering wheel allows the operator to control the steering member more easily while controlling the steering wheel body with both hands. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the problem of the engineering machinery driving safety caused by the operator needing to control the handle away from the steering wheel.
  • the integrated steering wheel integrates the display screen and the operating member on the console, and the steering wheel body is formed on the periphery of the console. Therefore, the operator only needs to concentrate on the manipulation while controlling the steering wheel body.
  • the working conditions and faults of the various systems of the construction machinery can be known on the platform, thus improving the working efficiency of the operators.
  • Figure 1 shows the distribution structure of the steering wheel, handle, console and display screen of the existing construction machinery cab.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an integrated steering wheel according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view showing the perspective structure of the integrated steering wheel of the preferred embodiment of the present invention in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a block diagram showing the construction of an integrated steering wheel connecting device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a block diagram showing the construction of another connecting device of the integrated steering wheel in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides an integrated steering wheel 100 for use in a construction machine such as a grader.
  • the integrated steering wheel 100 includes a console 1 and a steering wheel body 3.
  • the console 1 is a disc-shaped structure having a display screen 111, an operating member 112, a switch 113 and a warning light 114.
  • the display screen 111 is fixed to the middle of the console 1, and the display screen 111 has functions such as displaying the working state and fault prompts of each system of the construction machine.
  • the operating member 112 can be a manipulation button, a joystick, a joystick, etc., which is used to control the movement of the cylinder required for the construction machinery operation, thereby realizing a combination such as front wheel tilt, blade lift, shovel angle change, articulated steering, and the like. action.
  • the number of the manipulation members 112 is not limited, and it may be increased or decreased depending on the functions realized by the construction machine.
  • the operating member 112 is symmetrically disposed at the edge of the console 1 on both sides of the display screen 111 to allow the operator to conveniently control the operating member 112 while controlling the steering wheel body 3.
  • the switch 113 is disposed on the console 1 on the side of the display screen 111.
  • the switch 113 is used to control the turning lights of the construction machine, the opening and closing of the headlights, and the like.
  • the warning light 114 is disposed at the edge of the console 1 on the side of the switch 113 away from the display screen 111.
  • the warning light 114 has the function of warning the working index of the construction machine. For example, when the cleanliness of the filter of the mechanical machine and the oil temperature exceed the normal working index, the warning light 114 flashes to inform the operator.
  • the warning light 114 and the operating member 112 form a circular arc structure at the edge of the console 1 to enclose the switch 113 and the display screen 111, so that the console 1 is more compact and beautiful.
  • One end of the steering wheel body 3 is coupled to a steering gear (not shown) for controlling the steering of the engineering machinery wheels.
  • the steering wheel body 3 is rotatably disposed at the periphery of the console 1.
  • the steering wheel body 3 controls the steering device through a connecting device to control the steering of the engineering machinery wheel.
  • the connecting device includes a stern gear 40, a first gear 41, and a second gear 42 that cooperates with the first gear 41.
  • the first gear 41 is rotatably coupled to a first fixed shaft, and the internal spline of the first gear 41 cooperates with an external spline of the steering gear.
  • the second gear 42 is rotatably coupled to a second fixed shaft, and the first fixed shaft and the second fixed shaft are fixed to the lower side of the console 1 .
  • the inner peripheral wall of the outer cymbal gear 40 is formed with teeth that cooperate with the second gear 42.
  • the steering wheel body 3 is fixed to the outer spur gear 40 and can drive the outer spur gear 40 to rotate.
  • the outer spur gear 40 drives the second gear 42 and the first gear 41 to rotate, and the steering gear is controlled by the first gear 41 to realize steering of the engineering machinery wheel.
  • the hollow region within the outer chin gear 40 can be used to traverse a line that performs various functions.
  • the steering wheel body 3 can also be controlled by another connecting device to control the steering of the engineering machinery wheel.
  • the connecting device includes a first gear 44 and a second gear 45 that mates with the first gear 44.
  • the first gear 44 is rotatably coupled to a first fixed shaft, the internal splines of the first gear 44 mating with the external splines of the steering gear.
  • the second gear 45 is rotatably coupled to a second fixed shaft.
  • the first fixed shaft and the second fixed shaft are fixed below the console 1 .
  • the steering wheel body 3 is fixed to the second gear 45.
  • the second gear 45 drives the first gear 44 to rotate, and the first gear 44 controls the steering gear to realize the engineering machinery wheel. The turn.
  • the operator When the operator operates the integrated steering wheel 100 to operate the construction machine, the operator's hands grip the steering wheel body 3.
  • the operating member 112 needs to be operated, since the operating member 112 is disposed at the edge of the console 1 on both sides of the display screen 11, the distance between the operating member 12 and the steering wheel body 3 is relatively short, and the operator only The action of the cylinder of the construction machine can be controlled by the finger of the adjacent operating member 12 by dialing the corresponding operating member 12, thereby realizing a compound action such as front wheel tilt, blade lift, blade angle change, and hinged steering.
  • the integrated steering wheel 100 enables the operator to control the composite motion of the engineering machine while controlling the steering wheel body 3 by both hands, thereby avoiding the safety problem of the engineering machinery caused by the operator needing to control the handle away from the steering wheel.
  • the production the integrated steering wheel 100 integrates the display 11 1 , the operating member 112 , the switch 11 3 and the warning light 114 on the console 1 , and the steering wheel body 3 is formed on the periphery of the console 1 , thus, the operator While controlling the steering wheel body 3, it is only necessary to concentrate on the console 1 to know the working conditions and malfunctions of the various engineering machinery systems, and also to complete various compound actions, steering lights, and front lighting of the construction machinery. The control of the lamp increases the operator's working efficiency and operational comfort.
  • warning light 114 can be omitted and the function of the alert can be replaced by the display screen 111.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Control Devices (AREA)
  • Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)

Abstract

一种集成式方向盘，可应用于工程机械，包括操纵台（1）及方向盘本体（3），方向盘本体（3）旋转地设置于操纵台（1）的外围，操纵台（1）上设有显示屏（111）及操纵件（112），操纵台（1）上还设置开关（113）和警示灯（114）。操作人员在双手控制方向盘本体（3）的同时还可以完成对操纵件（112）和开关（113）的控制，操作人员精力集中在操纵台（1）上便可得知工程机械各系统的工作情况及故障，提高了操纵人员的工作效率及其操作舒适性。

Description

一种集成式方向盘及应用其的工程机械
本申请要求于 201 1 年 08 月 02 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201120278120. X、 发明名称为 "一种集成式方向盘及应用其的工程机械" 的中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种集成式方向盘及应用该集成式方向盘的工程机械。
背景技术
传统的工程机械， 如平地机是采用八个至十二个手柄来直接控制机械 式多路阀的阀芯动作， 使其完成诸如前轮倾斜、 铲刀提升、 铲角变换、 铰 接转向等复合动作。 请参阅图 1 , 大部分工程机械手柄 9都是分离的， 且每 个手柄 9控制一个油缸的动作， 这使得操作人员需要操作手柄 9完成相应的 功能， 例如调整前轮倾斜， 同时调整铲刀相对机架的角度， 调整平地机铰 接等。 而所述手柄 9安装于驾驶室内操纵台 8头部主轴上，在操纵台 8左右两 侧对称布置，显示屏 7布置于方向盘 6所附的操纵台 8上。操作人员在操作工 程机械时， 既要控制方向盘 6实现转向， 又要控制手柄 9以实现工程机械的 各种功能，还要监视显示屏 7以了解工程机械各系统的工作状况及故障。 因 此， 工程机械的手柄 9及显示屏 7的这种布置方式较大程度的影响了操作人 员工作效率及其操作舒适性。 另外， 手柄 9的数量较多， 容易遮挡操作人员 的工作视线， 而且手柄 9与脚踏板 5的位置过于接近， 使得操作较为不便。 而且， 一般情况下， 手柄 9与方向盘 6的距离较远， 若操作人员操纵方向盘 6 的同时需要对手柄 9进行控制时， 势必要将手离开方向盘 6而去操作对应的 手柄 9。 因此， 在操作人员的手离开方向盘 6时， 容易使工程机械跑偏而产 生行驶安全的问题。
因此， 设计一种将上述显示屏及实现各手柄功能的开关集成于方向盘 上的集成式方向盘及应用该集成式方向盘的工程机械以提高操作人员的工 作效率并防止工程机械出现行驶安全问题， 成为亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的上述缺陷和不足， 本发明的目的在于提供一种集 成式方向盘， 包括操纵台及方向盘本体， 所述方向盘本体旋转地设置于所 述操纵台的外围， 所述操纵台上设有显示屏及操纵件。 优选地， 该操纵件设置于所述显示屏两侧的操纵台边缘处。
优选地， 该操纵台上还设有开关。
优选地， 该开关设置于所述显示屏一侧的操纵台上。
优选地， 该操纵台上还设有警示灯。
优选地， 该警示灯设置于所述开关远离所述显示屏一侧的操纵台边缘 处。
本发明还提供一种应用上述集成式方向盘的工程机械。
该集成式方向盘使得操作人员在双手控制方向盘本体的同时还可以较 轻松的完成对操纵件的控制， 因此， 可以避免操作人员因为需要控制远离 方向盘的手柄而产生的工程机械行驶安全问题的产生。 另外， 该集成式方 向盘将显示屏及操纵件集成于该操纵台上， 且该方向盘本体形成于该操纵 台的外围， 因此， 操作人员在控制方向盘本体的同时， 只需将精力集中在 该操纵台上便可得知工程机械各系统的工作情况及故障， 从而提高了操作 人员的工作效率。
附图说明
图 1所示为现有的工程机械驾驶室内方向盘、 手柄、 操纵台及显示屏 的分布结构示意图。
图 2所示为本发明较佳实施例的集成式方向盘的结构示意图。
图 3所示为图 2中本发明较佳实施例的集成式方向盘的立体结构示意 图。
图 4所示为本发明较佳实施例的集成式方向盘的连接装置的结构示意 图。
图 5所示为本发明较佳实施例的集成式方向盘的另一种连接装置的结 构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明较佳实施例中的图 2至 5 , 对本发明实施例中的技 术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述。
本发明提供一种集成式方向盘 100 , 其用于平地机等工程机械中。 该 集成式方向盘 100包括操纵台 1及方向盘本体 3。 该操纵台 1为一圓盘形结构， 其上设有显示屏 111、 操纵件 112、 开关 113及警示灯 114。 该显示屏 111固定于该操纵台 1的中部， 该显示屏 111 具有显示工程机械各系统的工作状态及故障提示等功能。 所述操纵件 112 可为操纵按钮、 操纵手柄、 操纵杆等， 其用于控制工程机械作业所需的油 缸的动作， 进而实现诸如前轮倾斜、 铲刀提升、 铲角变换、 铰接转向等复 合动作。 所述操纵件 112的数量不限， 其可根据工程机械所实现的功能不 同而增加或减少。 所述操纵件 112对称地设置于该显示屏 111两侧的操纵 台 1边缘处， 以使操作人员在控制方向盘本体 3的同时方便地控制所述操 纵件 112。
所述开关 113设置于该显示屏 111一侧的操纵台 1上。 所述开关 113 用于控制工程机械的转向灯、 前照灯的开启与关闭等。 所述警示灯 114设 置于所述开关 113远离该显示屏 111一侧的操纵台 1边缘处。 所述警示灯 114 具有对工程机械的工作指标进行警示的作用， 例如当程机械的过滤器 的清洁度、 油温超过正常工作的指标时， 所述警示灯 114会闪烁以告知操 作人员。 所述警示灯 114与所述操纵件 112在该操纵台 1的边缘处形成一 圓弧形结构将所述开关 113及显示屏 111围于其中， 使得该操纵台 1显得 更加紧凑、 美观。
该方向盘本体 3的一端通过与转向器（图未示）相连接， 用以控制工 程机械车轮的转向。 该方向盘本体 3可旋转地设置于该操纵台 1的外围。
请参阅图 4 , 所述方向盘本体 3通过一连接装置以控制该转向器， 进 而控制工程机械车轮的转向。 该连接装置包括外圏齿轮 40、 第一齿轮 41 及与该第一齿轮 41相配合的第二齿轮 42。 该第一齿轮 41旋转地连接于一 第一固定轴上，该第一齿轮 41的内花键与该转向器的外花键相配合。该第 二齿轮 42旋转地连接于一第二固定轴上，该第一固定轴与该第二固定轴固 定于该操纵台 1的下方。该外圏齿轮 40的内周壁上形成有轮齿，其与该第 二齿轮 42相配合。 该方向盘本体 3固定在该外圏齿轮 40上， 并可驱动该 外圏齿轮 40—同旋转。 该外圏齿轮 40驱动该第二齿轮 42及该第一齿轮 41旋转， 由该第一齿轮 41控制该转向器， 进而实现工程机械车轮的转向。 该外圏齿轮 40内的中空区域可用于穿过实现各种功能的线路。 请参阅图 5 , 所述方向盘本体 3还可以通过另一种连接装置以控制工 程机械车轮的转向。 该连接装置包括第一齿轮 44及与该第一齿轮 44相配 合的第二齿轮 45。 该第一齿轮 44旋转地连接于一第一固定轴上， 该第一 齿轮 44的内花键与该转向器的外花键相配合。 该第二齿轮 45旋转地连接 于一第二固定轴上。 该第一固定轴及该第二固定轴固定于该操纵台 1的下 方。 该方向盘本体 3固定于该第二齿轮 45上， 通过旋转该方向盘本体 3 , 使第二齿轮 45驱动该第一齿轮 44进行旋转，由该第一齿轮 44控制该转向 器， 进而实现工程机械车轮的转向。
操作人员应用该集成式方向盘 100对工程机械进行操作时， 操作人员 的双手握持该方向盘本体 3。 当需要对操纵件 112进行操作时， 由于所述 操纵件 112设置于该显示屏 11 1两侧的操纵台 1边缘处， 所述操纵件 1 12 与方向盘本体 3的距离较近，操作人员只需用邻近操纵件 12的手指拨动对 应的操纵件 12便可对该工程机械的油缸动作进行操控，进而实现诸如前轮 倾斜、 铲刀提升、 铲角变换、 铰接转向等复合动作。 该集成式方向盘 100 使得操作人员在双手控制方向盘本体 3的同时还可以完成对工程机械各项 复合动作的控制， 因此， 可以避免操作人员因为需要控制远离方向盘的手 柄而产生的工程机械行驶安全问题的产生。 另外， 该集成式方向盘 100将 显示屏 11 1、操纵件 112、 开关 11 3及警示灯 114集成于该操纵台 1上， 且 该方向盘本体 3形成于该操纵台 1的外围， 因此， 操作人员在控制方向盘 本体 3的同时， 只需将精力集中在该操纵台 1上便可得知工程机械各系统 的工作情况及故障， 而且还可以完成对工程机械各项复合动作、 转向灯、 前照灯的控制， 从而提高了操作人员的工作效率及其操作舒适性。
可以理解，所述警示灯 114可以省却，其警示的功能可由该显示屏 111 替代。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并不用以限制本发明， 凡在 本发明的精神和原则之内， 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等， 均应包 含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

1、 一种集成式方向盘， 包括方向盘本体（3 ), 其特征在于： 所述集成 式方向盘还包括操纵台 （ 1 ) , 所述方向盘本体 ( 3 )旋转地设置于所述操纵 台 （ 1 ) 的外围， 所述操纵台 （ 1 )上设有显示屏（ 111 )及操纵件 ( 112 )0 2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的集成式方向盘， 其特征在于： 所述操纵件
( 112 )设置于所述显示屏（ 111 ) 两侧的操纵台 （ 1 )边缘处。
3、根据权利要求 1或 2所述的集成式方向盘， 其特征在于： 所述操纵 台 （1 )上还设有开关（113 )。
4、根据权利要求 3所述的集成式方向盘，其特征在于：所述开关（ 113 ) 设置于所述显示屏（ 111 )一侧的操纵台 （ 1 )上。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的集成式方向盘，其特征在于：所述操纵台（ 1 ) 上还设有警示灯（114 )。
6、 根据权利要求 5 所述的集成式方向盘， 其特征在于： 所述警示灯 ( 114 )设置于所述开关（ 113 )远离所述显示屏（ 111 )一侧的操纵台 （ 1 ) 边缘处。
7、根据权利要求 1或 2所述的集成式方向盘， 其特征在于： 所述方向 盘本体 ( 3 )通过一连接装置控制工程机械车轮的转向， 所述连接装置包括 外圏齿轮（ 40 )、 第一齿轮（ 41 )及与所述第一齿轮（ 41 )相配合的第二齿 轮（42 ), 所述外圏齿轮（40 )的内周壁上形成有轮齿， 其与所述第二齿轮 ( 42 )相配合， 所述第一齿轮（ 41 )与一控制所述工程机械车轮转向的控 制器相配合， 所述方向盘本体 ( 3 ) 固定在所述外圏齿轮（40 )上。
8、根据权利要求 1或 2所述的集成式方向盘， 其特征在于： 所述方向 盘本体 ( 3 )通过一连接装置控制工程机械车轮的转向， 所述连接装置包括 第一齿轮（ 44 )及与所述第一齿轮（ 44 )相配合的第二齿轮（ 45 ) , 所述第 一齿轮（44 )与一控制所述工程机械车轮转向的控制器相配合， 所述方向 盘本体 ( 3 ) 固定于所述第二齿轮（ 45 )上。
9、 一种工程机械， 其包括集成式方向盘， 其特征在于： 所述集成式方 向盘为权利要求 1-8中任意一项所述的集成式方向盘。
PCT/CN2012/073899 2011-08-02 2012-04-12 一种集成式方向盘及应用其的工程机械 WO2013016959A1 (zh)

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CN202169960U (zh) * 2011-08-02 2012-03-21 三一重工股份有限公司 一种集成式方向盘及应用其的工程机械
CN108327775A (zh) * 2018-01-31 2018-07-27 北京汽车股份有限公司 方向盘系统及车辆

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