WO2013007136A1 - 自润滑合金轴承 - Google Patents

自润滑合金轴承 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013007136A1
WO2013007136A1 PCT/CN2012/076198 CN2012076198W WO2013007136A1 WO 2013007136 A1 WO2013007136 A1 WO 2013007136A1 CN 2012076198 W CN2012076198 W CN 2012076198W WO 2013007136 A1 WO2013007136 A1 WO 2013007136A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bearing
self
hole
lubricating
outer casing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/076198
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张攻坚
Original Assignee
Zhang Gongjian
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhang Gongjian filed Critical Zhang Gongjian
Publication of WO2013007136A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013007136A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C17/02—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/20—Sliding surface consisting mainly of plastics
    • F16C33/203—Multilayer structures, e.g. sleeves comprising a plastic lining
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2202/00—Solid materials defined by their properties
    • F16C2202/50—Lubricating properties

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to a bearing, in particular to a self-lubricating alloy bearing.
  • Bearings are commonly used mechanical parts for supporting journals or on-axis swivels, and can be classified into rolling friction bearings (rolling bearings) and sliding friction bearings (sliding bearings) according to the working principle of the bearing. Rolling axis
  • the main bearing is ball bearing.
  • the ball bearing is a universal part.
  • the advantage is long life, but the disadvantage is that the noise is relatively large. At the same time, the smaller the bearing, the more difficult the machining and the higher the cost.
  • Sliding bearings are widely used in the field of micro-motors. These bearings are generally manufactured by powder metallurgy. The advantages are low cost and high precision.
  • the disadvantage is that the life is relatively short, the life is shorter under high temperature conditions, the sound is demanding and the long life is required.
  • the motor (such as the motor used in the cooling fan) performs poorly. These advantages and disadvantages are mainly determined by its structure and lubrication principle.
  • the oil-impregnated bearing is composed of powder die-casting and impregnated with lubricating oil.
  • the inner surface of the shaft hole has many micropores capable of leaking lubricating oil.
  • the impregnated lubricating oil is in the shaft hole.
  • a thin film of oil is formed on the surface to achieve lubrication.
  • the initial noise of such oil-impregnated sliding bearings is much lower than that of rolling bearings, but the disadvantage is that the life is insufficient because the lubricating oil is lost and volatilized from the pores of the bearing.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a self-lubricating alloy bearing with high precision, quietness, long life and low cost.
  • the utility model comprises a bearing inner lining and a bearing outer casing, wherein the bearing inner lining is a cylinder body having a shaft hole with an axial center, and the axial center of the bearing outer casing is provided a hole having a shape and a size adapted to an outer shape and a size of the bearing inner liner, wherein the bearing inner liner is made of a self-lubricating engineering plastic, and the bearing outer casing is made of a metal material.
  • the bearing outer casing is located at the periphery of the side wall of the bearing lining and is integrated with the bearing lining, and the shaft hole is finally formed by precision machining.
  • the bearing liner is press-fitted into the through hole by an over-tight fit to be integrated with the bearing housing assembly.
  • the tolerance of the shaft hole is within 8 ⁇ 15 microns.
  • the bearing jacket is made of copper or iron or bearing steel or powder metallurgy material.
  • the bearing lining is made of modified polyimide or modified polyetheretherketone or modified polyoxymethylene or modified nylon 66.
  • the through hole and the bearing lining have a cylindrical shape or an elliptical column shape or a multi-faceted column shape.
  • the bearing shell is cylindrical or drum-shaped or stepped.
  • the second technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:
  • the utility model comprises a bearing inner lining and a bearing outer casing, wherein the bearing inner lining is a cylinder body having a shaft hole with an axial center, and the axial center of the bearing outer casing is provided a hole having a shape and a size adapted to an outer shape and a size of the bearing inner liner, wherein the bearing inner liner is made of a self-lubricating engineering plastic, and the bearing outer casing is made of a metal material.
  • the bearing outer casing is located at the periphery of the side wall of the bearing lining and is integrated with the bearing lining, and the shaft hole is finally formed by precision machining.
  • the bearing liner is injection molded into the through hole and integrated with the bearing housing.
  • the tolerance of the shaft hole is within 8 ⁇ 15 microns.
  • the bearing jacket is made of copper or iron or bearing steel or powder metallurgy material.
  • the bearing liner is made of modified polyimide or modified polyetheretherketone or modified polyoxymethylene or modified nylon 66.
  • the through hole and the bearing lining have a cylindrical shape or an elliptical column shape or a multi-faceted column shape.
  • the bearing shell is cylindrical or drum-shaped or stepped.
  • the third technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:
  • the utility model comprises a bearing inner lining and a bearing outer casing, wherein the bearing inner lining is a cylinder body having a shaft hole with an axial center, and the axial center of the bearing outer casing is provided a hole having a shape and a size adapted to an outer shape and a size of the bearing inner liner, wherein the bearing inner liner is made of a self-lubricating engineering plastic, and the bearing outer casing is made of a metal material.
  • the bearing outer casing is located at the periphery of the side wall of the bearing lining and is integrated with the bearing lining, and the shaft hole is finally formed by precision machining.
  • the bearing liner is directly integrated with the bearing shell by a press molding process.
  • the tolerance of the shaft hole is within 8 ⁇ 15 microns.
  • the bearing casing is made of copper or iron or bearing steel or powder metallurgy material.
  • the bearing lining is made of modified polyimide or modified polyetheretherketone or modified polyoxymethylene or modified nylon 66. Instruction manual
  • the through hole and the bearing lining have a cylindrical shape or an elliptical column shape or a multi-faceted column shape.
  • the bearing shell is cylindrical or drum-shaped or stepped.
  • the utility model has the beneficial effects that: since the utility model comprises a bearing inner liner and a bearing outer casing, the bearing inner liner is a cylinder body having a shaft hole with an axial center, and the axial center of the bearing outer casing is provided with a through hole, The shape and size of the through hole are matched with the shape and size of the outer portion of the bearing inner liner.
  • the bearing inner liner is made of self-lubricating engineering plastic, and the bearing outer casing is made of a metal material, and the bearing outer casing is located.
  • the sidewall of the bearing lining is integrated with the bearing lining, and the shaft hole is finally formed by precision machining.
  • the bearing shell is made of a metal material and can be machined. Forming or molding by powder metallurgy process, as a jacket to ensure the overall structural strength and structural shape of the bearing, the structural shape of the bearing shell is flexible, and the outer shape can be designed according to the matching motor structure, such as column, drum, step Structural shape, and other possible complex shapes; the bearing lining is made of self-lubricating engineering plastic, as a metal shaft
  • the inner core of the friction pair can fully utilize the characteristics of the self-lubricating material, and the noise is extremely low during operation. It can be applied to self-lubrication in a high-temperature environment, and can achieve a long life, and can be resistant according to the choice of materials.
  • the utility model does not need to impregnate the lubricating oil, and does not need to add additional lubricating oil, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of "oil licking" and avoiding the loss of lubricant caused by the lubricating oil;
  • the outer casing is integrated with the bearing lining, and there are various ways of recombining the two, including interference fit, injection molding, compression molding, etc.; the tolerance of the shaft hole can be controlled at 8 ⁇ 15 Within the micrometer, this can meet the requirements of the micro-motor for bearing accuracy; the manufacturing of the utility model is not complicated, the accuracy is easy to ensure, and the processing cost is low, and the bearing casing made of a metal material located outside is limited to the inside.
  • the dimensional change of the bearing lining made of self-lubricating engineering plastic can ensure the addition of the shaft hole when the bearing is produced Accuracy, when the bearing is assembled on the motor, the structural strength of the bearing can be ensured, in particular, the shaft hole is not deformed, and the dimensional accuracy of the shaft hole is not changed; after the test, the utility model can fully guarantee Bearing precision, low noise, meet the design and use requirements, avoid excessive tolerance
  • the oscillating wear and premature failure of the bearing and the shortened life can be widely used in cooling fan motors that require quietness and long life, or motors used in high temperature environments such as H-class hood-level motors and motors used in solvent environments. In the automobile oil pump motor and other places, the utility model has high precision, quietness, long service life and low cost compared with the ball bearing.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional structural view of a self-lubricating alloy bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a bearing outer casing according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a self-lubricating alloy shaft bearing according to a second embodiment of the present invention:
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a bearing outer casing of the second embodiment of the present invention;
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional structural view of a three-self-lubricating alloy bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention:
  • Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a three-bearing outer casing of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the self-lubricating alloy bearing of this embodiment includes a bearing inner liner 1 and a bearing outer casing 2, and the bearing inner liner 1 is a column with an axial hole 3 and an axial hole.
  • the shaft of the bearing sleeve 2 is provided with a through hole 4, and the shaft of the bearing sleeve 2 is provided with a through hole 4, the shape and size of the through hole 4 and the shape of the outer portion of the bearing liner 1
  • the shape of the through hole 4 and the bearing lining 1 are both cylindrical. In principle, the shape of the through hole 4 and the bearing lining 1 may also be elliptical.
  • the columnar shape is a multi-faceted column or other column shape
  • the bearing liner 1 is made of modified polyimide (PI).
  • the bearing liner 1 can also be modified polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or modified.
  • PEEK polyetheretherketone
  • Made of other self-lubricating engineering plastics such as polyoxymethylene (POM) or modified nylon 66 (PA66).
  • the material is usually modified by adding other reinforcing materials such as carbon fiber or glass fiber, and adding self-lubricating materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene. Modified by ethylene or graphite or molybdenum disulfide or by adding a lubricant, Instruction manual
  • the bearing shell 2 is made of a powder metallurgy material. Of course, the bearing shell 2 can also be made of other metal materials such as copper or iron or bearing steel.
  • the bearing shell 2 has a cylindrical shape, and the bearing shell 2 is located at the The outer side wall of the bearing liner 1 is integrated with the bearing inner liner 1 , specifically, the bearing inner liner 1 is pressed into the through hole 4 by an over-tight fit, and the bearing outer casing 2 Assembling and assembling into one body, the bearing composited into a unitary structure is finally formed by machining the size of the shaft hole 3 to a required tolerance range by a precision machining process, and the tolerance accuracy of the shaft hole 3 can be controlled at 8-15. Within the micrometer, this can meet the requirements of the micro-motor for bearing accuracy.
  • Embodiment 2 As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: in this embodiment, the bearing outer casing 2 has a drum shape.
  • Embodiment 3 As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: in this embodiment, the bearing outer casing 2 is stepped.
  • Embodiment 4 The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is: a composite manner between the bearing outer casing 2 and the bearing inner liner 1.
  • the bearing inner liner 1 is injection molded.
  • the through hole 4 is integrated with the bearing shell 2, and the bearing compounded into a unitary structure is processed by a precision machining process to the required tolerance range of the shaft hole 3, and the shaft is finally formed.
  • the tolerance accuracy of the hole 3 can be controlled within 8 to 15 microns.
  • Embodiment 5 The difference between this embodiment and the fourth embodiment is that: the bearing outer casing 2 and the bearing lining Description
  • the bearing liner 1 is directly integrated with the bearing shell 2 by a press molding process, and the bearing is composited into a whole structure and then the shaft hole is precision mechanically processed.
  • the dimensional processing of 3 is finally formed into the required tolerance range, and the tolerance accuracy of the shaft hole 3 can be controlled within 8 to 15 ⁇ m.
  • the bearing shell 2 is formed by metal machining or by powder metallurgy to maintain structural strength and structural shape.
  • the bearing lining 1 is made of self-lubricating engineering plastic and is the main friction component. It has low noise during operation, wear resistance and high temperature resistance, and has long life and quiet characteristics in high temperature environment.
  • the processing and manufacturing of the utility model is not complicated, the accuracy is easy to be ensured, and the processing cost is low at the same time.
  • the bearing housing 2 made of a metal material located outside is used to limit the dimensional change of the bearing lining 1 made of self-lubricating engineering plastic inside, which can ensure the machining of the shaft hole 3 during production.
  • the utility model can fully guarantee the precision of the bearing, low noise, long life, meet the requirements of design and use, avoid the swing wear caused by excessive tolerance and premature failure of the bearing and shorten the life, which is a kind of precision.
  • High-lubricity, quiet, long-life, low-cost self-lubricating oil-free bearings can be widely used in cooling fan motors that require quiet, long life or motors used in high temperature environments such as H-class hood motors and in solvent environments The motor in the field is such as a car oil pump motor.
  • the utility model has strong designability, and the bearing outer casing 2 can be made into various shapes to meet different usage requirements.
  • the utility model can be widely applied to the field of bearings.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

一种自润滑合金轴承，包括轴承内衬(1)、轴承外套(2)，所述轴承内衬(1)为轴心设有轴孔(3)的柱体，所述轴承外套(2)的轴心设有通孔(4)，所述通孔(4)的形状及尺寸与所述轴承内衬(1)的外部的形状及尺寸相适配，所述轴承内衬(1)采用自润滑工程塑料制成，所述轴承外套(2)采用金属材料制成，所述轴承外套(2)位于所述轴承内衬(1)的侧壁外围且与所述轴承内衬(1)复合成为一体，所述轴孔(3)通过精密机械加工最终成型。该轴承可广泛应用于轴承领域，旨在提供一种精度高、静音、寿命长、成本低的自润滑合金轴承，该自润滑合金轴承的轴孔的公差精度可控制在8〜15微米内，能满足微电机对轴承精度的要求。

Description

自润滑合金轴承
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种轴承， 尤其涉及一种自润滑合金轴承。 说
背景技术 轴承是用以支承轴颈或轴上回转件的常用的机械零件， 根据轴承的工作 原理可分为滚动摩擦轴承（滚动轴承）和滑动摩擦轴承（滑动轴承）。 滚动轴
书
承主要是滚珠轴承， 滚珠轴承为通用零件， 优势是寿命长， 但劣势是噪音相 对大， 同时轴承越小， 加工难度越大， 成本越高。 滑动轴承在微电机领域应用广泛，这种轴承普遍采用粉末冶金工艺制造， 优势是成本低， 精度高， 劣势是寿命相对短， 在高温条件下寿命更短， 对声 音要求苛刻以及有长寿命要求的马达（如应用于散热风扇中的马达）表现差， 这些优缺点主要由其结构与润滑原理决定的。 含油轴承通过粉末压铸烧结并 含浸润滑油构成， 主体内部有很多微孔以含浸润滑油， 轴孔内表面有很多能 够渗漏润滑油的微孔， 在使用中， 含浸的润滑油在轴孔内表面形成一薄层油 膜以实现润滑。 这种含油滑动轴承初始噪音比滚动轴承低得多， 但其缺点是 寿命不足， 原因是润滑油会从轴承的孔隙中流失与挥发。另外如果油量较多， 会出现 "甩油"现象， 特别是微小马达（如电脑散热风扇中的马达）， 甩油会 造成污染， 以及灰尘堆积会卡死轴承。 由于含油轴承是一种边界润滑的轴承， 会不可避免的产生金属轴与轴承的直接接触， 由此产生的噪音不可避免， 因 此难以满足对噪音控制要求高的马达的使用要求。 目前市场上还出现了采用自润滑材料制造的工程塑料轴承， 其通常是单 独作为内衬部件出售， 多用于低速、 重载的轴套应用， 工程塑料轴承有很多 优点， 比如装配简单， 能满足各种苛刻的环境， 金属与塑料摩擦声音低， 甚 说 明 书
至静音， 承受外界污染 （如灰尘污染） 的能力强。 但现有工程塑料轴承的缺 点是： 这种工程塑料轴套在装配及组装时会产生收缩， 导致丧失轴孔的精度， 难以满足电机的使用要求。 特别是在微电机领域， 轴与轴承的配合间隙要求 非常严格， 可达到 7〜8微米， 对于批量产品轴孔的公差要求在 8微米〜 15 微米（即 0.008〜0.015mm) 以内， 甚至在 8微米以内， 才能满足微电机的设 计和使用要求。 如果轴承公差过大， 短期运行就会产生摆动磨损， 使工件不 能正常运转， 导致轴承过早失效， 寿命短， 甚至根本无法装配马达使用。 实用新型内容 本实用新型所要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术上的不足， 提供一种精 度高、 静音、 寿命长、 成本低的自润滑合金轴承。 本实用新型所采用的第一种技术方案是： 本实用新型包括轴承内衬、 轴 承外套， 所述轴承内衬为轴心设有轴孔的柱体， 所述轴承外套的轴心设有通 孔， 所述通孔的形状及尺寸与所述轴承内衬的外部的形状及尺寸相适配， 所 述轴承内衬采用自润滑工程塑料制成， 所述轴承外套采用金属材料制成， 所 述轴承外套位于所述轴承内衬的侧壁外围且与所述轴承内衬复合成为一体， 所述轴孔通过精密机械加工最终成型。
所述轴承内衬通过过盈紧配合压入所述通孔内， 与所述轴承外套装配复 合成为一体。
所述轴孔的公差精度为 8〜15微米以内。
所述轴承外套采用铜或铁或轴承钢或粉末冶金材料制成。
所述轴承内衬采用改性聚酰亚胺或改性聚醚醚酮或改性聚甲醛或改性尼 龙 66制成。
所述通孔及所述轴承内衬的外形均呈圆柱状或呈椭圆柱状或呈多面柱 状。
所述轴承外套呈圆柱状或呈鼓状或呈阶梯状。 说 明 书
本实用新型所采用的第二种技术方案是： 本实用新型包括轴承内衬、 轴 承外套， 所述轴承内衬为轴心设有轴孔的柱体， 所述轴承外套的轴心设有通 孔， 所述通孔的形状及尺寸与所述轴承内衬的外部的形状及尺寸相适配， 所 述轴承内衬采用自润滑工程塑料制成， 所述轴承外套采用金属材料制成， 所 述轴承外套位于所述轴承内衬的侧壁外围且与所述轴承内衬复合成为一体， 所述轴孔通过精密机械加工最终成型。
所述轴承内衬通过注塑成型于所述通孔内， 与所述轴承外套复合成为一 体。
所述轴孔的公差精度为 8〜15微米以内。
所述轴承外套采用铜或铁或轴承钢或粉末冶金材料制成。
所述轴承内衬釆用改性聚酰亚胺或改性聚醚醚酮或改性聚甲醛或改性尼 龙 66制成。
所述通孔及所述轴承内衬的外形均呈圆柱状或呈椭圆柱状或呈多面柱 状。
所述轴承外套呈圆柱状或呈鼓状或呈阶梯状。 本实用新型所采用的第三种技术方案是： 本实用新型包括轴承内衬、 轴 承外套， 所述轴承内衬为轴心设有轴孔的柱体， 所述轴承外套的轴心设有通 孔， 所述通孔的形状及尺寸与所述轴承内衬的外部的形状及尺寸相适配， 所 述轴承内衬采用自润滑工程塑料制成， 所述轴承外套采用金属材料制成， 所 述轴承外套位于所述轴承内衬的侧壁外围且与所述轴承内衬复合成为一体， 所述轴孔通过精密机械加工最终成型。
所述轴承内衬通过模压成型工艺直接与所述轴承外套复合成为一体。 所述轴孔的公差精度为 8〜15微米以内。
所述轴承外套釆用铜或铁或轴承钢或粉末冶金材料制成。
所述轴承内衬采用改性聚酰亚胺或改性聚醚醚酮或改性聚甲醛或改性尼 龙 66制成。 说 明 书
所述通孔及所述轴承内衬的外形均呈圆柱状或呈椭圆柱状或呈多面柱 状。
所述轴承外套呈圆柱状或呈鼓状或呈阶梯状。 本实用新型的有益效果是： 由于本实用新型包括轴承内衬、 轴承外套， 所述轴承内衬为轴心设有轴孔的柱体， 所述轴承外套的轴心设有通孔， 所述 通孔的形状及尺寸与所述轴承内衬的外部的形状及尺寸相适配， 所述轴承内 衬采用自润滑工程塑料制成， 所述轴承外套采用金属材料制成， 所述轴承外 套位于所述轴承内衬的侧壁外围且与所述轴承内衬复合成为一体， 所述轴孔 通过精密机械加工最终成型； 本实用新型中， 所述轴承外套由金属材料制成， 可通过机械加工成型或由粉末冶金工艺成型， 作为保证轴承整体结构强度与 结构形状的外套， 所述轴承外套的结构形状设计灵活， 外部形状可根据与之 配合马达结构做相应设计， 如柱状、 鼓状、 阶梯状等结构形状， 以及其他可 能的复杂形状； 所述轴承内衬由自润滑工程塑料制成， 作为与金属轴配合的 摩擦副的内芯体， 能充分发挥自润滑材料的特性， 其运转时噪音极低， 能应 用在高温环境中的自润滑， 可做到长寿命， 根据材料的选择不同可做到耐溶 剂， 避免腐蚀； 另外本实用新型不需要含浸润滑油， 也不需要额外添加润滑 油， 因此避免了出现"甩油"现象， 也避免了釆用润滑油带来的润滑剂流失; 所述轴承外套与所述轴承内衬复合成为一体， 二者之间复合的方式有多种， 包括过盈配合、 注塑成型、 模压成型工艺等复合方式； 所述轴孔的公差精度 可控制在 8〜15微米以内， 这样就能满足微电机对轴承精度的要求； 本实用 新型的加工制造不复杂， 易于保证精度， 同时加工成本低， 通过位于外部的 由金属材料制成的所述轴承外套限制位于内部的由自润滑工程塑料制成的所 述轴承内衬的尺寸变化， 在轴承生产时， 能够保证所述轴孔的加工精度， 在 轴承装配于马达上时， 能够保证轴承的结构强度， 尤其是保证所述轴孔不产 生变形， 保证所述轴孔的尺寸精度不发生变化； 经试验， 本实用新型完全能 够保证轴承的精度， 噪音低， 满足了设计和使用的要求， 避免了公差过大带 来的摆动磨损和轴承过早失效以及寿命缩短， 可广泛用于要求静音、 长寿命 的散热风扇马达或使用在高温环境下的马达如 H级罩级电机以及应用在有溶 剂环境中的马达如汽车油泵电机等场所， 故本实用新型精度高、 静音、 寿命 长、 成本比滚珠轴承低。 说
附图说明 图 1是本实用新型实施例一自润滑合金轴承的断面结构示意图： 图 2是本实用新型实施例一轴承外套的断面结构示意图；
图 3是本实用新型实施例二自润滑合金轴书承的断面结构示意图： 图 4是本实用新型实施例二轴承外套的断面结构示意图；
图 5是本实用新型实施例三自润滑合金轴承的断面结构示意图： 图 6是本实用新型实施例三轴承外套的断面结构示意图。
具体实施方式 实施例一： 如图 1、 图 2所示， 本实施例的自润滑合金轴承包括轴承内衬 1、轴承外 套 2， 所述轴承内衬 1为轴心设有轴孔 3的柱体， 所述轴承外套 2的轴心设 有通孔 4， 所述轴承外套 2的轴心设有通孔 4， 所述通孔 4的形状及尺寸与所 述轴承内衬 1的外部的形状及尺寸相适配， 本实施例中， 所述通孔 4及所述 轴承内衬 1的外形均呈圆柱状， 当然， 所述通孔 4及所述轴承内衬 1的外形 也可以呈椭圆柱状呈多面柱状或其他柱状， 所述轴承内衬 1采用改性聚酰亚 胺（PI) 制成， 当然所述述轴承内衬 1也可以采用改性聚醚醚酮（PEEK)或 改性聚甲醛 （POM ) 或改性尼龙 66 (PA66) 等其他自润滑工程塑料制成， 材料改性通常为上述主体材料通过添加其他增强材料如碳纤或玻纤， 同时添 加自润滑材料如聚四氟乙烯或石墨或二硫化钼等或者添加润滑剂改性而成， 说 明 书
所述轴承外套 2采用粉末冶金材料制成， 当然所述轴承外套 2也可以采用铜 或铁或轴承钢等其他金属材料制成， 所述轴承外套 2呈圆柱状， 所述轴承外 套 2位于所述轴承内衬 1的侧壁外围且与所述轴承内衬 1复合成为一体， 具 体来说， 所述轴承内衬 1通过过盈紧配合压入所述通孔 4内， 与所述轴承外 套 2装配复合成为一体， 复合成整体结构的轴承再采用精密机械加工工艺把 所述轴孔 3的尺寸加工到所需要的公差范围最终成型， 所述轴孔 3的公差精 度可控制在 8〜15微米以内， 这样就能满足微电机对轴承精度的要求。 实施例二： 如图 3、 图 4所示， 本实施例与实施例一的区别之处在于： 本实施例中， 所述轴承外套 2呈鼓状。
本实施例的其余特征同实施例一。 实施例三： 如图 5、 图 6所示， 本实施例与实施例一的区别之处在于： 本实施例中， 所述轴承外套 2呈阶梯状。
本实施例的其余特征同实施例一。 实施例四： 本实施例与实施例一的区别之处在于： 所述轴承外套 2与所述轴承内衬 1之间的复合方式， 本实施例中， 所述轴承内衬 1通过注塑成型于所述通孔 4 内， 与所述轴承外套 2复合成为一体， 复合成整体结构的轴承再采用精密机 械加工工艺把所述轴孔 3的尺寸加工到所需要的公差范围最终成型， 所述轴 孔 3的公差精度可控制在 8〜15微米以内。
本实施例的其余特征同实施例一。 实施例五： 本实施例与实施例四的区别之处在于： 所述轴承外套 2与所述轴承内衬 说 明 书
1之间的复合方式， 本实施例中， 所述轴承内衬 1通过模压成型工艺直接与 所述轴承外套 2复合成为一体， 复合成整体结构的轴承再采用精密机械加工 工艺把所述轴孔 3的尺寸加工到所需要的公差范围最终成型， 所述轴孔 3的 公差精度可控制在 8〜 15微米以内。
本实施例的其余特征同实施例四。 本实用新型中，所述轴承外套 2通过金属机加工成型或由粉末冶金成型， 起到保持结构强度与结构形状的作用， 所述轴承内衬 1 由自润滑工程塑料制 成， 是主要摩擦部件， 其运转时噪音低， 材料耐磨、 耐高温， 在高温环境下 有长寿命、 静音的特点。 本实用新型的加工制造不复杂， 易于保证精度， 同 时加工成本低。 通过位于外部的由金属材料制成的所述轴承外套 2限制位于 内部的由自润滑工程塑料制成的所述轴承内衬 1 的尺寸变化， 在生产时， 能 够保证所述轴孔 3的加工精度， 在装配时， 能够保证所述轴孔 3不产生变形， 保证精度不发生变化。 经试验， 本实用新型完全能够保证轴承的精度， 噪音 低， 长寿命， 满足了设计和使用的要求， 避免了公差过大带来的摆动磨损和 轴承过早失效以及寿命缩短， 是一种精密度高、 静音、 寿命长、 成本低的自 润滑无油轴承， 可广泛用于要求静音、 长寿命的散热风扇马达或使用在高温 环境下的马达如 H级罩级电机以及应用在有溶剂环境中的马达如汽车油泵电 机等场所。 另外， 本实用新型的可设计性强， 所述轴承外套 2可制成多种形 状， 满足不同的使用要求。 本实用新型可广泛应用于轴承领域。 在不脱离本实用新型思想的情况下， 凡应用本实用新型说明书及附图内 容及所做的各种等效变化， 均理同包含于本实用新型的权利要求范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书 、 一种自润滑合金轴承， 其特征在于： 包括轴承内衬 （1 )、 轴承外套 （2)， 所述轴承内衬 （1 ) 为轴心设有轴孔 （3 ) 的柱体， 所述轴承外套 （2 ) 的 轴心设有通孔（4)， 所述通孔（4) 的形状及尺寸与所述轴承内衬（1 ) 的 外部的形状及尺寸相适配， 所述轴承内衬（1 )采用自润滑工程塑料制成， 所述轴承外套（2)采用金属材料制成， 所述轴承外套（2 )位于所述轴承 内衬（1 )的侧壁外围且与所述轴承内衬（1 )复合成为一体，所述轴孔（3 ) 通过精密机械加工最终成型。 、 根据权利要求 1所述的自润滑合金轴承， 其特征在于： 所述轴承内衬（1 ) 通过过盈紧配合压入所述通孔（4) 内， 与所述轴承外套（2)装配复合成 为一体。 、 根据权利要求 1所述的自润滑合金轴承， 其特征在于： 所述轴承内衬（1 ) 通过注塑成型于所述通孔 （4) 内， 与所述轴承外套 （2) 复合成为一体。 、 根据权利要求 1所述的自润滑合金轴承， 其特征在于： 所述轴承内衬（1 ) 通过模压成型工艺直接与所述轴承外套 （2) 复合成为一体。 、 根据权利要求 1至 4任意一项所述的自润滑合金轴承， 其特征在于： 所述 轴孔 （3 ) 的公差精度为 8〜15微米以内。 、 根据权利要求 1至 4任意一项所述的自润滑合金轴承， 其特征在于： 所述 轴承外套 （2) 采用铜或铁或轴承钢或粉末冶金材料制成。 、 根据权利要求 1至 4任意一项所述的自润滑合金轴承， 其特征在于： 所述 轴承内衬 （1 )采用改性聚酰亚胺或改性聚醚醚酮或改性聚甲醛或改性尼 龙 66制成。 、 根据权利要求 1至 4任意一项所述的自润滑合金轴承， 其特征在于： 所述 通孔（4)及所述轴承内衬（1 ) 的外形均呈圆柱状或呈椭圆柱状或呈多面 柱状。 权 利 要 求 书
、 根据权利要求 1至 4任意一项所述的自润滑合金轴承， 其特征在于： 所述 轴承外套 （2) 呈圆柱状或呈鼓状或呈阶梯状。
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