WO2012160437A1 - Système de contrôle de gaz d'échappement, catalyseur de purification de gaz d'échappement et procédé pour la production du catalyseur de purification de gaz d'échappement - Google Patents
Système de contrôle de gaz d'échappement, catalyseur de purification de gaz d'échappement et procédé pour la production du catalyseur de purification de gaz d'échappement Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012160437A1 WO2012160437A1 PCT/IB2012/001001 IB2012001001W WO2012160437A1 WO 2012160437 A1 WO2012160437 A1 WO 2012160437A1 IB 2012001001 W IB2012001001 W IB 2012001001W WO 2012160437 A1 WO2012160437 A1 WO 2012160437A1
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- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- carrier
- gas purification
- purification catalyst
- copper
- Prior art date
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001880 copper compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 87
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 9
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- UJVRJBAUJYZFIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;oxozirconium Chemical compound [Zr]=O.O[N+]([O-])=O.O[N+]([O-])=O UJVRJBAUJYZFIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001785 cerium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium nitrate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SXTLQDJHRPXDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;dinitrate;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O SXTLQDJHRPXDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/83—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with rare earths or actinides
-
- B01J35/393—
-
- B01J35/56—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/03—Precipitation; Co-precipitation
- B01J37/031—Precipitation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/40—Mixed oxides
- B01D2255/407—Zr-Ce mixed oxides
Definitions
- EXHAUST GAS CONTROL SYSTEM EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION CATALYST AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION
- the present invention relates to an exhaust gas control system, an exhaust gas purification catalyst, and a method for the production of the exhaust gas purification catalyst. More specifically, the present invention relates to an exhaust gas control system and an exhaust gas purification catalyst which use a specific base metal and a specific carrier in combination to achieve high ⁇ purification performance at low temperature, and a method for the production of the exhaust gas purification catalyst.
- an exhaust gas purification catalyst is used in internal combustion engines.
- a noble metal such as Pt, Au or Rh, is used as a catalyst component that is supported on a carrier to remove HC, CO and ⁇ in exhaust gas efficiently.
- these noble metals are produced only in some specific countries and face the risk of depletion.
- An exhaust gas purification catalyst that uses a base metal, instead of a noble metal, as the supported metal is also considered.
- a base metal-supported purification catalyst in which a base metal is supported on a carrier, such as a metal oxide carrier, is poorer in exhaust gas purification performance, especially in ⁇ conversion efficiency, than a noble metal-supported purification catalyst and has not been put into practice yet.
- a catalyst for conversion of carbon monoxide that includes high-dispersion particles of metals that are selected from the group that consists of Au, Pt, Pd, Ag, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Os, Co, Fe and Cu with a diameter of approximately 2 to 5 nm, a metal oxide carrier that is selected from the group that consists of A1 2 0 3 , Ti0 2 , Fe 2 0 3 , Ce0 2 , CuO, ZnO, Si0 2 , V 2 0 5 , MgO, La 2 (1 ⁇ 2 Zr0 2 , Sn0 2 , Mn0 2 , M0O3, Mo 2 0 5 and zeolite, and a capping agent, wherein the metal particles and the capping agent are supported on the carrier.
- metals that are selected from the group that consists of Au, Pt, Pd, Ag, Ni, Ru, Rh, Ir, Os, Co, Fe and Cu with a diameter of approximately 2 to 5 nm
- a supported catalyst which uses nanoparticles of a base metal with a particle size of 10 nm or greater as a supported metal component and which exhibits high ⁇ purification performance has not been known yet as a specific technique.
- the present invention provides an exhaust gas purification catalyst which uses nanoparticles of a base metal with a particle size of 10 nm or greater as a supported metal component and which exhibits high ⁇ purification performance.
- the present invention also provides an exhaust gas control system that includes the exhaust gas purification catalyst.
- the present invention also provides a method for the production of an exhaust gas purification catalyst which uses a base metal as the supported metal component and which exhibits high ⁇ purification performance.
- a first aspect of the present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification catalyst that includes copper as an active species.
- the exhaust gas purification catalyst includes a Ce0 2 -Zr0 2 carrier, and particles of copper or an oxide of copper, that are supported on the Ce0 2 -Zr0 2 carrier.
- the mass ratio of Ce to Zr (Ce/Zr, mass ratio) in a surface of the Ce0 2 -Zr0 2 carrier is in a range of 0.5 ⁇ Ce/Zr ⁇ 2.5 (the Ce0 2 -Zr0 2 carrier may be abbreviated to "CZ").
- a second aspect of the present invention relates to an exhaust gas control system which includes an exhaust pipe that is connected to an engine, and an exhaust gas control apparatus that is provided in the exhaust pipe.
- the exhaust gas control apparatus includes the exhaust gas purification catalyst and is controlled to contain a rich atmosphere.
- a third aspect of the present invention relates to a method for a production of an exhaust gas purification catalyst that includes copper as an active species.
- the production method includes preparing a Ce0 2 -Zr0 2 carrier in which a mass ratio of Ce to Zr (Ce/Zr, mass ratio) at least in a surface thereof is in a range of 0.5 ⁇ Ce/Zr ⁇ 2.5, preparing a mixture of the Ce0 2 -Zr0 2 carrier and an aqueous solution that contains a copper compound, and depositing copper or an oxide of copper on the Ce0 2 -Zr0 2 carrier by removing water from the mixture by heating.
- ratio of Ce to Zr in the surface (Ce/Zr, mass ratio) is a value that is measured by XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) as described in detail later in the section of Examples.
- an exhaust gas purification catalyst which exhibits high ⁇ purification performance using nanoparticles of a base metal with a particle size of 10 nm or greater as a supported metal component.
- an exhaust gas purification catalyst which exhibits high ⁇ purification performance easily using a base metal as the supported metal component.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram that illustrates an exhaust gas purification catalyst of the present invention in a reducing atmosphere
- FIG. 2 is a graph that shows ⁇ conversion efficiencies of exhaust gas purification catalysts according to embodiments of the present invention and outside the scope of the present invention for comparison;
- FIG. 3 is a graph that shows oxygen desorption temperatures of exhaust gas purification catalysts according to embodiments of the present invention and outside the scope of the present invention for comparison;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram that illustrates an example of a system in which an exhaust gas purification catalyst according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to exhaust gas purification;
- FIG. 5 is a graph that shows a temperature pattern that is used to evaluate the activity of an exhaust gas purification catalyst
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram that illustrates an experiment that is conducted to evaluate the catalytic activity of an exhaust gas purification catalyst
- FIG. 7 is a graph that shows processing conditions to measure the particle size of Cu particles of an exhaust gas purification catalyst by a CO pulse method.
- FIG. 8 is a graph that , shows a temperature pattern that is used to measure the oxygen desorption temperature of an exhaust gas purification catalyst.
- the present invention includes the following embodiments.
- An exhaust gas purification catalyst wherein the particles of copper (Cu) or an oxide of copper are nanoparticles with a particle size of 10 to 30 nm as measured , by a CO pulse method in a reducing atmosphere.
- An exhaust gas purification catalyst wherein the particles of copper (Cu) or an oxide of copper are nanoparticles with a particle size of 20 to 30 nm as measured by a CO pulse method in a reducing atmosphere.
- An exhaust gas purification catalyst which is placed in a rich atmosphere in an exhaust gas flow path from an engine.
- An exhaust gas purification catalyst wherein the ratio of copper supported to the Ce0 2 -Zr0 2 carrier [the content of Cu in the particles to the Ce0 2 -Zr0 2 carrier (% by mass)] is 1 to 10% by mass.
- the method for the production of an exhaust gas purification catalyst that includes copper as an active species further includes the step of calcining the Ce0 2 -Zr0 2 carrier on which copper or an oxide of copper has been deposited.
- an exhaust gas purification catalyst according to an embodiment of the present, invention which includes copper as an active species, is composed of a Ce0 2 -Zr0 2 carrier and particles of copper or an oxide of copper that are supported on the carrier, and is understood to exhibit specifically high ⁇ purification performance at 300°C because the ratio of Ce to Zr (Ce/Zr, mass ratio) in the surface of the carrier is in the range of 0.5 ⁇ Ce/Zr ⁇ 2.5.
- FIG. 3 shows that catalysts which include copper as an active species and are composed of a Ce0 2 -Zr0 2 carrier and particles of copper or an oxide of copper that are supported on the carrier, and in which the ratio of Ce to Zr (Ce/Zr, mass ratio) in the surface of the carrier is in the range of 0.5 ⁇ Ce/Zr ⁇ 2.5 have a specifically low oxygen desorption peak temperature.
- the Ce/Zr range of 0.5 ⁇ Ce/Zr ⁇ 2.5 in which the oxygen desorption temperatures in a reducing atmosphere (which indicate the oxygen desorption peak temperatures) are included in FIG. 3 is equal to the Ce/Zr range in which high ⁇ purification performance is achieved in FIG. 2.
- the decrease in oxygen desorption temperature promotes regeneration (removal of oxygen from the Cu component including an oxide of copper) of the exhaust gas purification catalyst of this embodiment.
- the ⁇ purification performance is improved accordingly.
- the exhaust gas purification catalyst of this embodiment which exhibits a low oxygen desorption peak temperature in a reducing atmosphere, is assumed to be suitable to be disposed in a rich atmosphere in an exhaust gas flow path from an engine.
- the exhaust gas purification catalyst of this embodiment is placed in an exhaust gas flow path in a system that purifies exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine as shown in FIG. 4, and a known catalyst member, such as Fe/Al 2 0 3 , is placed upstream of the exhaust gas purification catalyst of this embodiment.
- the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is controlled to be rich by a control device (not shown) and the oxygen that remains in the exhaust gas is consumed by the known catalyst member.
- the exhaust gas which has been turned rich in air-fuel ratio, is introduced into the exhaust gas purification catalyst of this embodiment.
- the control device introduces air into the exhaust gas downstream of the exhaust gas purification catalyst to control the air- fuel ratio of the exhaust gas to be lean.
- the exhaust gas is discharged after being passed through a catalyst member, such as Ag/Al 2 0 3 , which can oxidize HC and CO that remain in the exhaust gas.
- the exhaust gas purification catalyst of this embodiment is produced by a method that includes, for example, the steps of preparing a Ce0 2 -Zr0 2 carrier in which the ratio of Ce to Zr (Ce/Zr, mass ratio) in the surface thereof is in the range of 0.5 ⁇ Ce/Zr ⁇ 2.5, preparing a mixture of the Ce0 2 -Zr0 2 carrier and an aqueous solution that contains a Cu salt, and depositing copper or an oxide of copper on the Ce0 2 -Zr0 2 carrier by removing water from the mixture to obtain a solid matter.
- the obtained solid matter is usually transformed into a catalyst powder by calcination at 500 to 800°C for one to five hours in a vacuum or air.
- the carrier with a Ce to Zr ratio in the above range that is prepared in advance in this method can keep the Ce to Zr ratio in the range even after the step of depositing copper or an oxide of copper.
- Examples of the Cu salt include nitrates, sulfates, acetates, sulfates and phosphates of Cu. Above all, nitrates, sulfates and acetates are preferred. These Cu salts may be provided in the form of a hydrate.
- the amount of Cu supported [the ratio of Cu to the Ce0 2 -Zr0 2 carrier (% by mass)] is preferably in the range of approximately 1 to 10% by mass.
- the copper or an oxide of copper that is supported or formed on the Ce0 2 -Zr0 2 carrier by calcination can be an active species of Cu when contacted with a reducing gas, such as hydrogen, CO or C 3 H 6 , in an exhaust gas flow path.
- a reducing gas such as hydrogen, CO or C 3 H 6
- the Ce0 2 -Zr0 2 carrier in this embodiment may be uniform solid solution type Ce0 2 -Zr0 2 composite oxide particles or core-shell type Ce0 2 -Zr0 2 composite oxide particles. In the case of the latter, the particles may have a core layer of Zr0 2 and a shell layer of a mixed system of CeC ⁇ and Zr0 2 . In either case, a Ce0 2 -ZrC> 2 carrier in which the ratio of Ce to Zr (Ce/Zr, mass ratio) in the surface thereof is in the range of 0.5 ⁇ Ce/Zr ⁇ 2.5 can be used.
- the CeC ⁇ -ZrC carrier can be obtained in the form of a powder by dissolving a cerium compound and a zirconium compound in water at a predetermined ratio, adding a pH adjuster, such as ammonia water, to neutralize the aqueous solution or adding a precipitant liquid, such as hexamethylenetetramine, to form a precipitate, and then filtering and washing the precipitate, and then drying and calcining the precipitate.
- a pH adjuster such as ammonia water
- a precipitant liquid such as hexamethylenetetramine
- an exhaust gas purification catalyst can be produced which is composed of a CeC ⁇ -ZrC carrier and nanoparticles of copper or an oxide of copper that are supported on the carrier and preferably have a copper particle size of 10 to 30 nm as measured by a CO pulse method in a reducing atmosphere and in which the ratio of Ce to Zr (Ce/Zr, mass ratio) in the surface of the carrier is in the range of 0.5 ⁇ Ce/Zr ⁇ 2.5.
- the nanoparticles of copper or an oxide of copper that are supported on the Ce0 2 -Zr0 2 carrier do not necessarily have to have a specific particle size of less than 10 nm.
- the exhaust gas purification catalyst of this embodiment exhibits stable performance without strict control of manufacturing conditions during preparation, and can be suitably used as an exhaust gas purification catalyst for an internal combustion engine, such as an engine of an automobile.
- the exhaust gas purification catalyst of this embodiment is usually used in the form of a layer on a substrate, such as a honeycomb.
- the honeycomb that is used as the substrate may be formed of a ceramic material, such as cordierite, or stainless steel.
- the exhaust gas purification catalyst of this embodiment may be used in any shape.
- Amount of catalyst pellets used 3 g
- Measurement method the electron binding energy of each element of the carrier was measured and the surface Ce/Zr concentration ratio was calculated.
- Measurement was made under a temperature condition for evaluation of oxygen desorption peak temperature which follows a pattern that is shown in FIG. 8 using Thermoplus TG8120 (manufactured by Rigaku Corporation) as an evaluation apparatus under the following conditions.
- Catalyst powder approximately 12 mg (pellets were pulverized in a mortar)
- Cerium nitrate and zirconium oxynitrate were dissolved in water such that a ratio of Ce to Zr that is shown in Table 1 was obtained.
- Ammonia water as a pH adjuster was added to the ingredient aqueous solution with stirring to neutralize the aqueous solution and form a precipitate.
- the precipitate was filtered and washed, and the residue was dried at 120°C and calcined at 800°C to obtain a uniform solid solution type CZ powder.
- Copper nitrate trihydrate was dissolved in water in a beaker, and the uniform solid solution type CZ carrier powder was added to the aqueous solution. The mixture was heated and stirred at 150°C to deposit copper on the CZ carrier powder by an evaporation-to-dryness method.
- the CZ carrier powder was dried at 120°C and then calcined at 600°C for two hours to prepare catalyst pellets (amount of Cu supported: 5% by mass, calculated based on the composition of the ingredients added). The obtained catalyst pellets were evaluated. The results are summarized in Tables 1 and 2 and FIGs.
- a CZ powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ratio of Ce to Zr was changed to the value that is shown in Table 1.
- Catalyst pellets were prepared in the same manner as Example 1 except that this CZ powder was used. The obtained catalyst pellets were evaluated. The results are summarized in Tables 1 and 2 and FIGs. 1 to 3 together with other results.
- a carrier powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that only zirconium oxynitrate was used. Catalyst pellets were prepared in the same manner as Example 1 except that this carrier powder was used. The obtained catalyst pellets were evaluated. The results are summarized in Tables 1 and 2 and FIGs. 1 to 3 together with other results.
- a carrier powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that only cerium nitrate was used.
- Catalyst pellets were prepared in the same manner as Example 1 except that this carrier powder was used.
- the obtained catalyst pellets were evaluated. The results are summarized in Tables 1 and 2 and FIGs. 1 to 3 together with other results.
- a carrier powder was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ratio of Ce to Zr was changed to the value that is shown in Table 1.
- Catalyst pellets were prepared in the same manner as Example 1 except that this carrier powder was used. The obtained catalyst pellets were evaluated. The results are summarized in Tables 1 and 2 and FIGs. 1 to 3 together with other results.
- Example 2 invention 0.61 30 28
- Example 4 1.19 ' 42 20
- Example 5 2.35 26 30
- the catalyst in which copper or an oxide of copper is supported on a Ce0 2 carrier as in a related art has a high temperature at which Ce is reduced, and the catalyst in which copper or an oxide of copper is supported on a Zr0 2 carrier has low activity probably because oxygen is not released from the carrier. In either case, the ⁇ purification performance is poor.
- the catalysts in which the ratio of Ce to Zr (Ce/Zr, mass ratio) of Ce/Zr ⁇ 0.5 or 2.5 ⁇ Ce/Zr in the surface of the carrier have low activity and exhibit poor ⁇ purification performance, whereas the exhaust gas purification catalysts of Examples exhibit high ⁇ purification performance.
- the exhaust gas purification catalyst of this embodiment it is possible to achieve high ⁇ purification performance using a base metah
Abstract
L'invention concerne un catalyseur de purification de gaz d'échappement qui inclut du cuivre en tant qu'espèce active et dans lequel des particules de cuivre ou d'un oxyde de cuivre sont supportées sur un support de Ce02‑Zr02, le rapport de Ce à Zr (Ce/Zr, rapport en masse) dans la surface du support étant dans la plage de 0,5 < Ce/Zr < 2,5, et un procédé pour la production d'un catalyseur de purification de gaz d'échappement qui inclut l'étape de préparation d'un support de
Ce02-Zr02, le rapport de Ce à Zr (Ce/Zr, rapport en masse) dans la surface de celui-ci étant dans la plage de 0,5 < Ce/Zr < 2,5.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2011117998A JP2012245452A (ja) | 2011-05-26 | 2011-05-26 | 排ガス浄化用触媒およびその製造方法 |
JP2011-117998 | 2011-05-26 |
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PCT/IB2012/001001 WO2012160437A1 (fr) | 2011-05-26 | 2012-05-23 | Système de contrôle de gaz d'échappement, catalyseur de purification de gaz d'échappement et procédé pour la production du catalyseur de purification de gaz d'échappement |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103170339A (zh) * | 2013-01-22 | 2013-06-26 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | 一种富氢气氛中Cu基高温水煤气变换催化剂及其制备方法 |
CN108136371A (zh) * | 2015-11-17 | 2018-06-08 | 三井金属矿业株式会社 | 催化剂用粉末及废气净化用催化剂 |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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KR101549728B1 (ko) | 2012-12-24 | 2015-09-02 | 제일모직주식회사 | 담지 촉매, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 디메틸카보네이트의 제조방법 |
JP5816648B2 (ja) | 2013-04-18 | 2015-11-18 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | 排気ガス浄化用触媒組成物及び排気ガス浄化用触媒 |
Citations (5)
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US4927799A (en) * | 1986-04-11 | 1990-05-22 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Catalyst for the purification of exhaust gas |
WO1992005861A1 (fr) * | 1990-09-27 | 1992-04-16 | Engelhard Corporation | Composition catalytique contenant du rhodium active avec un oxyde metallique basique |
US20040092395A1 (en) * | 2002-08-05 | 2004-05-13 | Denso Corporation | Ceramic catalyst body |
EP1504805A1 (fr) * | 2003-08-07 | 2005-02-09 | Radici Chimica Spa | Catalyseurs pour la decomposition d'oxyde nitreux |
JP2009515679A (ja) | 2005-11-14 | 2009-04-16 | エージェンシー フォー サイエンス, テクノロジー アンド リサーチ | 高分散金属触媒 |
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2011
- 2011-05-26 JP JP2011117998A patent/JP2012245452A/ja not_active Withdrawn
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2012
- 2012-05-23 WO PCT/IB2012/001001 patent/WO2012160437A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4927799A (en) * | 1986-04-11 | 1990-05-22 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Catalyst for the purification of exhaust gas |
WO1992005861A1 (fr) * | 1990-09-27 | 1992-04-16 | Engelhard Corporation | Composition catalytique contenant du rhodium active avec un oxyde metallique basique |
US20040092395A1 (en) * | 2002-08-05 | 2004-05-13 | Denso Corporation | Ceramic catalyst body |
EP1504805A1 (fr) * | 2003-08-07 | 2005-02-09 | Radici Chimica Spa | Catalyseurs pour la decomposition d'oxyde nitreux |
JP2009515679A (ja) | 2005-11-14 | 2009-04-16 | エージェンシー フォー サイエンス, テクノロジー アンド リサーチ | 高分散金属触媒 |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103170339A (zh) * | 2013-01-22 | 2013-06-26 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | 一种富氢气氛中Cu基高温水煤气变换催化剂及其制备方法 |
CN108136371A (zh) * | 2015-11-17 | 2018-06-08 | 三井金属矿业株式会社 | 催化剂用粉末及废气净化用催化剂 |
CN108136371B (zh) * | 2015-11-17 | 2021-09-28 | 三井金属矿业株式会社 | 催化剂用粉末及废气净化用催化剂 |
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