WO2012152172A1 - 一种压力变送器 - Google Patents
一种压力变送器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012152172A1 WO2012152172A1 PCT/CN2012/074295 CN2012074295W WO2012152172A1 WO 2012152172 A1 WO2012152172 A1 WO 2012152172A1 CN 2012074295 W CN2012074295 W CN 2012074295W WO 2012152172 A1 WO2012152172 A1 WO 2012152172A1
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- pressure
- sensor core
- excitation current
- pressure sensor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L9/00—Measuring steady of quasi-steady pressure of fluid or fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
- G01L9/02—Measuring steady of quasi-steady pressure of fluid or fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means by making use of variations in ohmic resistance, e.g. of potentiometers, electric circuits therefor, e.g. bridges, amplifiers or signal conditioning
- G01L9/06—Measuring steady of quasi-steady pressure of fluid or fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means by making use of variations in ohmic resistance, e.g. of potentiometers, electric circuits therefor, e.g. bridges, amplifiers or signal conditioning of piezo-resistive devices
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of sensors, and in particular to a pressure transmitter.
- Pressure sensors are currently the most widely used sensors, widely used in petroleum, chemical, etc. In the industrial field, aviation, aerospace and other defense fields and other fields. With the continuous development of science and technology, high precision, good stability, small volume and wide adaptability will be the development direction of pressure sensors.
- the invention provides a pressure transmitter, which can change the pressure range by changing the excitation current of the pressure sensor core, and can achieve the purpose of adjusting the pressure range without changing the measurement precision.
- a pressure transmitter comprising:
- a pressure sensor core that generates a differential voltage according to an excitation current
- a signal transmission processing circuit connected to the pressure sensor core, amplifying the differential voltage, outputting a corresponding signal, and providing a fixed excitation voltage;
- An excitation current generating unit that is coupled to the pressure sensor core and the signal transmission processing circuit to generate different excitation currents according to the fixed excitation voltage and different control signals.
- the excitation current generating unit comprises:
- At least two adjustment resistors of different resistance values At least two adjustment resistors of different resistance values
- a chip select switch connected to the adjusting resistor and selecting different resistance adjusting resistors according to different control signals.
- the excitation current generating unit comprises:
- a chip select switch connected to the adjusting resistor for determining different resistance values of the adjusting resistor according to different control signals.
- the method further includes:
- a control signal input unit that generates a different control signal connected to the excitation current generating unit.
- control signal input unit is specifically a control signal input line that generates different control signals according to a combination of high and low levels.
- the pressure sensor core is specifically a Wheatstone bridge composed of a silicon diaphragm.
- the technical solution of the invention generates different excitation currents by the excitation current generating unit, so that the pressure range can be changed by changing the excitation current of the pressure sensor core, and the purpose of adjusting the pressure range can be achieved without changing the measurement accuracy.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of a pressure transmitter according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the electrical relationship of a specific example of a pressure transmitter according to the present invention.
- the pressure transmitter is mainly composed of a pressure sensor core and a sensor signal conditioner (signal transmission processing circuit) and some external circuits.
- the sensor core can be a Wheatstone bridge or other piezoresistive core.
- the change value of the value is proportional to the pressure range and has a high linearity.
- IA is the excitation current of the bridge
- U0 is the differential signal (differential voltage) of the sensor core output. This relationship indicates that the sensor core output differential voltage and The pressure and the magnitude of the excitation current are proportional, and the present invention adjusts the pressure range of the pressure transmitter by adjusting the excitation current IA.
- the pressure transmitter includes a pressure sensor core 110, a signal transmission processing circuit 120, and an excitation current generating unit 130.
- the value of the bridge resistance value is proportional to the pressure range and has a high degree of linearity.
- IA is the excitation current of the bridge.
- the pressure sensor core 110 preferably uses a Wheatstone bridge composed of four pressure sensitive resistors.
- the pressure sensor core 110 can also adopt other sensor structures. The invention is not limited in any way.
- the signal transmission processing circuit 120 is coupled to the pressure sensor core 110 for amplifying a differential voltage generated by the pressure sensor core 110 and outputting a corresponding signal.
- the signal transmission processing circuit 120 can also provide a fixed excitation voltage, and the signal transmission processing circuit is powered by the power supply to make it work normally, and the signal transmission processing circuit 120 generates a fixed excitation voltage.
- the excitation current generating unit 130 is coupled to the pressure sensor core 110 and the signal transmission processing circuit 120 for generating different excitation currents according to the fixed excitation voltage and different control signals.
- the excitation current generating unit 130 includes: at least two adjustment resistors of different resistance values;
- a chip select switch connected to the adjusting resistor and selecting different resistance adjusting resistors according to different control signals.
- the pressure transmitter may further include:
- a control signal input unit that generates a different control signal connected to the excitation current generating unit.
- the control signal input unit is specifically a control signal input line that generates different control signals according to a combination of high and low levels.
- IN+ is the excitation power supply positive
- IN- is the excitation power supply negative
- INM is the differential signal negative input
- INP is the differential signal positive input.
- the power supply supplies power to the signal transmission processing circuit IC0 to make it work normally.
- IC0 generates a fixed excitation voltage Uc, and Uc acts on one of the adjustment resistors Rn through the chip select switch, thereby generating an excitation current IS, IS and an adjustment resistor.
- the size is inversely proportional, in which the selection of the adjustment resistors (R1...Rn) is determined by the chip select switch, and the chip select switch is again controlled by the external control signal input line.
- A1 is low level, when A2 is high level, the pin of R2 is turned on, the excitation voltage Uc acts on R2, generates a corresponding excitation current, and so on, changing the level combination of the external input control signal, A different regulating resistor is selected to determine a suitable excitation current IS.
- IS IA
- the sensor core is preferably a Wheatstone bridge composed of four pressure-sensitive resistors.
- INP positive excitation voltage
- INP-INM U0
- U0 is the differential voltage of the sensor core
- the differential voltage is input to the signal transmission processing circuit IC0, and after internal processing amplification, a corresponding output signal is generated.
- the invention transmits the processing circuit IC0 and the sensor core M0 by adding the adjusting resistor And adjusting the resistor to form a constant current source.
- IC0 has an operation amplification that can supply a large current.
- M0 and the adjustment resistor are equivalent to two adjustment resistors of the amplifier, so the current IA flowing through M0 and the Rn current IS flowing through the adjustment resistor are equal.
- ls Uc / Rtl
- ie IA U e /Rii. Where Uc is constant.
- the differential voltage After the differential voltage enters IC0, it is amplified and processed to form the output signal of the transmitter.
- the external interface control lines A1 to An determine that the chip select switch SO is electrically connected to the different adjustment resistors R1 to Rn to select different adjustment resistors Rn for the transmitter.
- R1 and R2 Rn are adjustment resistors.
- the resistance of the adjusting resistor can be adjusted.
- the fixed excitation voltage is applied to the adjusting resistor whose resistance can be adjusted, different excitation currents are generated, so that the effect of adjusting the range can be achieved.
- the excitation current generating unit may include:
- a chip select switch connected to the adjusting resistor for determining different resistance values of the adjusting resistor according to different control signals.
- the technical solution of the present invention generates different excitation currents by the excitation current generating unit, so that the pressure range can be changed by changing the excitation current of the pressure sensor core without changing. Under the premise of measurement accuracy, the purpose of adjusting the pressure range is achieved.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Description
一种压力变送器
本申请要求于 2011 年 05 月 06 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201110116324.8、 发明名称为"一种压力变送器"的中国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及传感器领域, 特别是指一种压力变送器。
背景技术
传感器在科学研究和技术开发中, 特别是在信息技术, 自动化技术, 现代制造等技术中, 起着不可替代的作用, 压力传感器是目前应用数量最 多的一种传感器, 广泛应用于石油、 化工等工业领域、 航空、 航天等国防 领域才以及其它领域。 随着科学技术的不断发展, 精度高、 稳定性好、 体 积小、 适应范围广将是压力传感器的发展方向。
在传感器的实际的测量中, 人们往往期望传感器的测量量程(范围) 很大, 同时测量精度越高越好, 然而对于相同的传感器, 量程越大的压力 传感器用于测量小量程压力就会影响精度。 测量的范围和测量的精度就会 出现矛盾。 提高传感器的精度和采用多个不同量程的传感器是解决这个矛 盾的方法, 但是这类方式都存在一定弊端, 对于提高精度来说, 由于工艺 以及技术的限制, 对传感器测量精度的提高是有限的, 并且精度的提高也 意味着制造成本大幅度的增加;而对于采用多个不同量程的传感器的方式, 会使测量部件增多, 信号处理变得复杂, 不利于维护, 并且在实际运用中 也存在困难。
发明内容
本发明提出一种压力变送器, 通过改变压力传感器芯体的激励电流来 实现压力量程的改变, 在不改变测量精度的前提下, 达到可以调节压力量 程的目的。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
一种压力变送器, 包括:
根据激励电流产生差分电压的压力传感器芯体;
与所述压力传感器芯体连接的, 放大所述差分电压后输出相应信号, 并能提供固定激励电压的信号变送处理电路;
与所述压力传感器芯体和所述信号变送处理电路连接的, 根据所述固 定激励电压和不同的控制信号产生不同激励电流的激励电流产生单元。
优选的, 所述激励电流产生单元包括:
至少两个不同阻值的调节电阻;
与所述调节电阻连接的, 根据不同的控制信号选择不同阻值的调节电 阻的片选开关。
优选的, 所述激励电流产生单元包括:
阻值可变化的调节电阻;
与所述调节电阻连接的, 根据不同的控制信号确定所述调节电阻的不 同阻值的片选开关。
优选的, 还包括:
与所述激励电流产生单元连接的, 产生不同控制信号的控制信号输入 单元。
优选的, 所述控制信号输入单元具体为根据高低电平的组合产生不同 控制信号的控制信号输入线。
优选的, 所述压力传感器芯体具体为由硅膜片组成的惠斯顿电桥。 本发明技术方案通过激励电流产生单元产生不同的激励电流, 从而可 以通过改变压力传感器芯体的激励电流来实现压力量程的改变, 在不改变 测量精度的前提下, 达到可以调节压力量程的目的。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案, 下面将对 实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作筒单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员 来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的 附图。
图 1为本发明一种压力变送器优选实施例的结构示意图;
图 2为本发明一种压力变送器一个具体实例的电气关系示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进 行清楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,
而不是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没 有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的 范围。
压力变送器主要是由压力传感器芯体和传感器信号调理器(信号变送 处理电路) 以及一些外接电路组成。 传感器芯体可以是一个惠斯顿电桥或 其它的压阻芯体, 对于惠斯顿压阻芯体来说, 其输出差分电压具有 U0=ARIA的关系, 其中 AR是由压力引起电桥电阻值的变化值, 与压力量 程成正比, 具有高度线性度, IA为电桥的激励电流, U0为传感器芯体输 出的差分信号(差分电压), 这个关系式表明, 传感器芯体输出差分电压与 压力、激励电流的大小成正比,本发明通过调整激励电流 IA来调整压力变 送器的压力量程。
参照图 1 , 在本发明一种压力变送器的第一实施例中, 所述压力变送 器包括压力传感器芯体 110、 信号变送处理电路 120和激励电流产生单元 130。
所述压力传感器芯体 110根据激励电流产生差分电压, 即所述压力传 感器芯体 110 的输出与激励电流在关, 其具体的关系式为: 差分电压 U0=ARIA, 其中 AR是由压力引起电桥电阻值的变化值, 与压力量程成正 比, 具有高度线性度, IA为电桥的激励电流。 在本发明的一个优选实施例 中, 所述压力传感器芯体 110优选采用由四个压力敏感电阻组成的惠斯顿 电桥, 当然, 所述压力传感器芯体 110还可以采用其它的传感器结构, 本 发明对此不进行任何的限定。
所述信号变送处理电路 120与所述压力传感器芯体 110连接, 用于放 大所述压力传感器芯体 110产生的差分电压后输出相应信号。
所述信号变送处理电路 120还能提供固定激励电压, 通过电源对信号 变送处理电路供电, 使其正常工作, 信号变送处理电路 120产生一个固定 激励电压。
所述激励电流产生单元 130与所述压力传感器芯体 110和所述信号变 送处理电路 120连接的, 用于根据所述固定激励电压和不同的控制信号产 生不同的激励电流。
通过前面的描述可知, 不同的激励电流可以对应不同的压力量程, 从
而产生不同的激励电流即可形成不同的压力量程。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中, 所述激励电流产生单元 130包括: 至少两个不同阻值的调节电阻;
与所述调节电阻连接的, 根据不同的控制信号选择不同阻值的调节电 阻的片选开关。
另外, 所述压力变送器还可以包括:
与所述激励电流产生单元连接的, 产生不同控制信号的控制信号输入 单元。
其中, 所述控制信号输入单元具体为根据高低电平的组合产生不同控 制信号的控制信号输入线。
参见图 2, 下面以一个具体实例对所述技术方案的工作过程和工作原 理进行一个详细描述。
在图 2 中, IN+为激励电源正, IN-为激励电源负, INM为差分信号 负输入, INP为差分信号正输入。
首先电源对信号变送处理电路 IC0供电, 使其正常工作, IC0产生一 个固定激励电压 Uc, Uc通过片选开关作用到其中的一个调节电阻 Rn上, 从而产生一个激励电流 IS, IS 与调节电阻的大小成反比, 其中调节电阻 ( R1...... Rn )的选择由片选开关决定, 片选开关又由外部控制信号输入线
( Al An )决定, 相当于一个译码器, 比如, 当 A1和 A2为低电平时, 片选开关导通 R1所在的引脚, 激励电压 Uc作用在 R1上, 产生一个相应 的电流 IS, is = U7 TI L 那么 R2...... Rn所在的引脚断开, 同样道理, 当
A1为低电平, A2为高电平时, 则 R2所在引脚导通, 激励电压 Uc作用在 R2上, 产生一个对应的激励电流, 以此类推, 改变外部输入控制信号的电 平组合, 可以选在不同的调节电阻, 从而确定一个合适的激励电流 IS。
在图 2中, IS =IA , 因为传感器芯体优选是一个由四个压力敏感电阻 组成的惠斯顿电桥, 激励电流经过传感器芯体 M0之后, 将产生一个正激 励电压 INP和一个负激励电压 INM, INP-INM=U0, U0为传感器芯体的 差分电压, 差分电压输入到信号变送处理电路 IC0, 经过内部处理放大后, 产生一个对应的输出信号。
本发明通过增加调节电阻, 由信号变送处理电路 IC0、传感器芯体 M0
和调节电阻组成一个恒定的电流源。 其中 IC0内部有一个能提供较大电流 的运算放大, M0和调节电阻就相当于放大器的 2个调整电阻, 所以流过 M0 的电流 IA和流过调节电阻的 Rn 电流 IS相等。 由干 ls = Uc/Rtl , 即 IA = U e/Rii。 式中, Uc是恒定不变的。 这样电流 IA和调节电阻的阻值 Rn 成反比,则有
=INP-INM,其中 U0为传感器芯体的差分电压, 差分电压进入 IC0以后, 经过变送放大处理, 最后形成变送器的输出信号。 电路中通过外接接口控制线 A1至 An确定片选开关 SO与不同的调节电阻 R1至 Rn电气连接, 来对变送器选择不同的调节电阻 Rn。
量程与差分电压之间关系如下:
R →ARl→ ARl→ ARl^-→ Un
1 1 R\ 0
P, → AR2→ LAR2→ AR2^→ U ;
2 2 R2 0
Pn→ ARn→ I ARn→ ARn—^-→ Un ;
Rn
其中, Rl、 R2 Rn为调节电阻。
根据上面的量程推导公式可知, 要使在不同压力量程下产生的差分信 号都是一样的, 当压力量程发生变化时候, 桥电阻 AR发生相应的比例变 化, 那么对应激励电流 IA也需要作出相应反比例变化, 而激励电流通过 前述的切换激励电阻来改变, 从而达到调节量程的效果。
在本发明的另一实施例中, 还可以用阻值可变化的调节电阻替代至少 两个不同阻值的调节电阻。 即所述调节电阻的阻值可以调节, 当所述固定 激励电压作用于所述阻值可以调节的调节电阻上时, 也会产生不同的激励 电流, 从而一样可以达到调节量程的效果。
因此, 在所述实施例中, 所述激励电流产生单元可以包括:
阻值可变化的调节电阻;
与所述调节电阻连接的, 根据不同的控制信号确定所述调节电阻的不 同阻值的片选开关。
本发明技术方案通过激励电流产生单元产生不同的激励电流, 从而可 以通过改变压力传感器芯体的激励电流来实现压力量程的改变, 在不改变
测量精度的前提下, 达到可以调节压力量程的目的。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并不用以限制本发明, 凡在 本发明的精神和原则之内, 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包 含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims
1、 一种压力变送器, 其特征在于, 包括:
根据激励电流产生差分电压的压力传感器芯体;
与所述压力传感器芯体连接的, 放大所述差分电压后输出相应信号, 并能提供固定激励电压的信号变送处理电路;
与所述压力传感器芯体和所述信号变送处理电路连接的, 根据所述固 定激励电压和不同的控制信号产生不同激励电流的激励电流产生单元。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的压力变送器, 其特征在于, 所述激励电流产 生单元包括:
至少两个不同阻值的调节电阻;
与所述调节电阻连接的, 根据不同的控制信号选择不同阻值的调节电 阻的片选开关。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的压力变送器, 其特征在于, 所述激励电流产 生单元包括:
阻值可变化的调节电阻;
与所述调节电阻连接的, 根据不同的控制信号确定所述调节电阻的不 同阻值的片选开关。
4、根据权利要求 1至 3任一项所述的压力变送器, 其特征在于, 还包 括:
与所述激励电流产生单元连接的, 产生不同控制信号的控制信号输入 单元。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的压力变送器, 其特征在于, 所述控制信号输 入单元具体为根据高低电平的组合产生不同控制信号的控制信号输入线。
6、根据权利要求 5所述的压力变送器, 其特征在于, 所述压力传感器 芯体具体为由硅膜片组成的惠斯顿电桥。
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CN107607251B (zh) * | 2017-09-08 | 2024-05-14 | 上海工业自动化仪表研究院有限公司 | 一种具有双量程的差压或压力变送器 |
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EP0071962A1 (en) * | 1981-08-10 | 1983-02-16 | The Foxboro Company | Pressure transmitter employing non-linear temperature compensation |
JP2000241271A (ja) * | 1999-02-24 | 2000-09-08 | Nippon Seiki Co Ltd | 圧力検出装置 |
JP2003065867A (ja) * | 2001-08-27 | 2003-03-05 | Nippon Seiki Co Ltd | 半導体センサ装置 |
CN1823268A (zh) * | 2003-05-20 | 2006-08-23 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | 在压力传感器的恒电流或恒电压工作中多功能使用的集成电阻网络 |
CN102353496A (zh) * | 2011-05-06 | 2012-02-15 | 三一重工股份有限公司 | 一种压力变送器 |
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JPS58109811A (ja) * | 1981-12-24 | 1983-06-30 | Toshiba Corp | 圧力伝送装置 |
CN85104807B (zh) * | 1985-06-02 | 1986-08-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 多量程测力传感器 |
JPH06229862A (ja) * | 1993-02-02 | 1994-08-19 | Yamatake Honeywell Co Ltd | 圧力センサ |
CN101236113B (zh) * | 2007-02-01 | 2011-03-16 | 上海飞恩微电子有限公司 | 全桥型压阻式压力传感器的数字式信号调理芯片 |
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EP0071962A1 (en) * | 1981-08-10 | 1983-02-16 | The Foxboro Company | Pressure transmitter employing non-linear temperature compensation |
JP2000241271A (ja) * | 1999-02-24 | 2000-09-08 | Nippon Seiki Co Ltd | 圧力検出装置 |
JP2003065867A (ja) * | 2001-08-27 | 2003-03-05 | Nippon Seiki Co Ltd | 半導体センサ装置 |
CN1823268A (zh) * | 2003-05-20 | 2006-08-23 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | 在压力传感器的恒电流或恒电压工作中多功能使用的集成电阻网络 |
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