WO2012151974A1 - 一种自由流车辆计费方法、基站及系统 - Google Patents

一种自由流车辆计费方法、基站及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012151974A1
WO2012151974A1 PCT/CN2011/083570 CN2011083570W WO2012151974A1 WO 2012151974 A1 WO2012151974 A1 WO 2012151974A1 CN 2011083570 W CN2011083570 W CN 2011083570W WO 2012151974 A1 WO2012151974 A1 WO 2012151974A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
base station
label
record
tag
vehicle
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PCT/CN2011/083570
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱睿
刘万立
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2012151974A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012151974A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q9/00Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07BTICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
    • G07B15/00Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
    • G07B15/06Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems
    • G07B15/063Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems using wireless information transmission between the vehicle and a fixed station
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/06Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2209/00Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
    • H04Q2209/40Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems using a wireless architecture
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2209/00Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
    • H04Q2209/80Arrangements in the sub-station, i.e. sensing device
    • H04Q2209/82Arrangements in the sub-station, i.e. sensing device where the sensing device takes the initiative of sending data
    • H04Q2209/823Arrangements in the sub-station, i.e. sensing device where the sensing device takes the initiative of sending data where the data is sent when the measured values exceed a threshold, e.g. sending an alarm
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00Network data management
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08Access point devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless communication and radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, and in particular, to a free-flow vehicle charging method, a base station, and a system.
  • RFID radio frequency identification
  • RFID technology utilizes radio frequency signals based on spatially coupled transmission characteristics to achieve automatic identification of objects in a contactless manner.
  • the most typical example is that there is no parking charge on the highway.
  • the label is initialized by the lane reader; on the highway, the label interacts with the roadside base station and saves the necessary path information;
  • the tag reports the already stored path information through the lane reader for data processing.
  • the entrance and exit of this application scenario are relatively simple and are not suitable for use on urban roads. Therefore, designing a reasonable free-flow vehicle charging method for highways in urban cities is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention
  • a free flow vehicle charging method provided by the present invention includes:
  • the base station collects tag information of the passing vehicle
  • the base station After the base station filters the illegal label, it checks whether there is a label record of the label in the cache for each legal label. If not, creates a label record and initializes the value; if yes, the base station recorded in the label Add the base station ID to the list;
  • the label record is sent to the data server, and the label record is deleted;
  • the data server calculates the distance traveled by the vehicle and the amount of the charge based on the distance between the base stations in the list of base stations recorded by the tag.
  • a free-flow vehicle charging base station provided by the present invention includes a tag collection module, a label cleaning module, a data processing module, a broadcast module, and a reporting module;
  • a tag collection module for collecting tags of passing vehicles
  • a label cleaning module configured to filter an illegal label collected by the label collection module
  • a data processing module configured to query, for each legal label, whether a label record of the label exists in the cache, if not, create a label record, and initialize a value; if yes, the base station recorded in the label Add the base station ID to the list;
  • a broadcast module configured to multicast a label record processed by the data processing module to a neighboring base station; and a reporting module, configured to send the label record to the data when a multicast message that does not receive the label exceeds a predetermined time interval threshold server.
  • a vehicle billing system provided by the present invention includes: a base station, a data server, and a center server;
  • Base station used for tag collection, label cleaning, data processing, data broadcasting, And data reporting;
  • the data server is configured to store the vehicle tag information and the tag record reported by the base station, and calculate the distance traveled by the base station and the charge amount according to the distance of each base station in the base station list recorded by the tag; and the central server is configured to manage the base station and the data server.
  • the embodiment of the present invention implements a complex path by setting a base station at a traffic node of a city road, and the vehicle does not need to stop when passing through a location covered by the base station, and uses the transmission and exchange of tag information between the base stations.
  • the running path of the vehicle is tracked to calculate the distance traveled by the vehicle for charging.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a base station module for free-flow vehicle charging according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a free-flow vehicle charging system according to a third embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the free-flow vehicle charging method in the first embodiment of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step 101 The base station acquires label information.
  • the label in this step may be a UHF label using a ceramic label based on the Electronic Product Code (EPC) protocol.
  • the tag has only one field that is readable and unwritable after issuance.
  • the 0th byte of the label is the ID of the server where the label is located.
  • the label's byte identifier can be used for free stream accounting, such as the first, fourth, and fifth bytes of the label. The content identifies that the sign is used as a free stream charging tag, and the remaining fields are stitched together to represent the ID of the tag's unique identifier.
  • Step 102 The base station determines the source of the label, if it is obtained by collecting the collected label, step 104 is performed, otherwise, step 103 is performed;
  • Step 103 Save or delete the label record in the base station, and end the process
  • the label record sent by the neighboring base station there are two cases for the label record sent by the neighboring base station.
  • One is that the vehicle has not passed the base station, and the label record needs to be saved, so that if the vehicle may travel to the base station to collect the label, use.
  • the other is that the vehicle has just been sent from the base station and sent to the next base station after the departure, and the label record needs to be deleted.
  • the judgment basis may be based on whether the second-to-last base station ID in the base station list recorded by the label is the base station ID, and if yes, indicating that the vehicle has just left the base station, and the label record is deleted, otherwise, the label is saved. i has recorded.
  • Step 104 The base station determines whether the label is legal. If it is legal, step 105 is performed. If it is not legal, the process ends.
  • the illegal label includes two cases: an illegal label that is misread, and a label that is repeatedly collected.
  • the base station can send a request to the central server to query whether it can be used for free-flow vehicle charging, but this would waste a lot of bandwidth and The computing resources of the server. Therefore, the preferred solution in this step is: After the base station collects the label, it uses the use byte of the label to determine whether it is used for free stream charging. If not, the label is directly discarded.
  • the label may be read and collected multiple times, and the base station allocates two fields to each legal tag collected in the cache, one is a tag ID, one is a timestamp; when the tag is repeatedly collected, corresponding The timestamps are inevitably close. Therefore, when the time interval of the timestamp collected by the same tag is less than a certain minimum value, the tag is discarded.
  • Step 105 Perform data processing, and then perform step 106;
  • the tag ID is queried according to the tag ID. If not, a tag record is created for the tag, and the tag information is initialized. If yes, the tag record is updated, and the base station ID of the base station is added to the base station list.
  • each tag record contains the following fields:
  • TagID is the tag ID, which is used to record the unique identification code of the tag
  • TimeStamp is the timestamp used to record the time when the tag was recently collected.
  • BSID The base station ID, which is used to record the unique identification code of the base station that recently collected the label
  • BSIDList A list of base stations for recording the base station IDs of all base stations through which the vehicle passes.
  • Step 106 Multicast label records to neighboring base stations
  • the label record of the label can be multicast to all neighboring base stations.
  • different numbers of antennas may be provided on the base station according to the situation of the intersection node.
  • the antenna determines that it is possible to travel to the adjacent base station according to the running direction of the vehicle, only the previous base station running to the vehicle and possibly running to the phase.
  • the neighbor base station multicasts the label record, so that the number of multicast base stations can be reduced.
  • Step 107 Determine whether the multicast message of the label is not received after the preset time interval threshold is exceeded. If yes, go to step 108. Otherwise, delete the label record and end the process.
  • the base station determines the timestamp T recorded by the tag, and compares T with the current time T1. If the maximum time interval is 1-1, the charging area where the vehicle has left is indicated. At this time, the base station sends the tag information. The list is sent to the data server. Step 108: Send the label record to the data server, and delete the label record.
  • the label information stores the associated data server ID
  • the base station stores the IP address of each data server
  • the base station according to the label corresponds to The IP address of the data server reports the label record.
  • Step 109 After receiving the label record, the data server calculates the distance traveled by the vehicle and the charge amount according to the distance between each base station in the base station list recorded by the label.
  • the vehicle travel distance is the sum of the distances between the respective base stations.
  • the vehicle by setting a base station at a traffic node of an urban road, the vehicle does not need to stop when passing through the position covered by the base station, and the transmission and exchange of the tag information between the base stations is utilized, thereby realizing the tracking path of the vehicle under the complicated path, thereby The distance traveled by the vehicle is calculated for charging.
  • the free-flow vehicle charging base station of the second embodiment of the present invention includes: a label collecting module 201, a label cleaning module 202, a data processing module 203, a broadcast module 204, and a reporting module 205;
  • a label collecting module 201 configured to collect a label on a passing vehicle
  • the label cleaning module 202 is configured to filter the illegal label collected by the label collecting module 201.
  • the data processing module 203 is configured to perform data processing for each legal label. Specifically, whether the label record of the label exists in the query cache, If not, create a new label record and initialize the value; if it exists, add the base station ID to the list of base stations in the label record;
  • the broadcast module 204 is configured to multicast the label record processed by the data processing module 203 to the neighboring base station;
  • the reporting module 205 is configured to send the label record to the data server when the multicast message of the label is not received when the predetermined time interval threshold is exceeded.
  • the base station further includes a receiving module 206, configured to receive a multicast message of the neighboring base station, and Save or delete the label record;
  • the base station further includes a different number of antennas according to the situation of the intersection node.
  • the antenna determines that it is possible to travel to the adjacent base station according to the running direction of the vehicle, and only runs before the vehicle.
  • a base station and possibly a neighboring base station multicast the tag record, thus reducing the number of multicast base stations.
  • the label cleaning module 202 further includes: a first filtering unit and a second filtering unit, wherein the first filtering unit is configured to filter through the usage byte in the label, not for free flow A label for vehicle billing; a second filtering unit, configured to filter the repeatedly collected tags by collecting time intervals.
  • the record includes at least the following information: a tag ID for uniquely identifying the tag, a timestamp for recording the most recent time the tag was collected, and a record for collecting the tag recently collected.
  • a tag ID for uniquely identifying the tag
  • a timestamp for recording the most recent time the tag was collected
  • a record for collecting the tag recently collected A base station ID of a unique identification code of the base station, and a list of base stations for recording all base stations through which the tag passes.
  • the running path of the vehicle is tracked under a complex path, thereby calculating the travel distance of the vehicle for charging.
  • the definition of the label data format and the manner of using the multicast are performed, and the generation of dirty data and flooding is avoided as much as possible, thereby saving bandwidth and resources calculated by the server.
  • the free-flow vehicle billing system of the third embodiment of the present invention includes: a base station 301, a data server 302, and a center server 303;
  • Base station 301 Label collection, label cleaning, data processing, data broadcasting, and data reporting for passing vehicles.
  • the data server 302 is configured to store the vehicle tag information and the tag record reported by the base station 301, and calculate the distance traveled by the vehicle and the amount of the charge according to the distance of each base station in the base station list recorded by the tag;
  • data server 302 can be a plurality of separate subsystems, each providing the same functionality, based on the different tags managed by the different subsystems.
  • the data server ID of the data server is stored in the tag
  • the IP address of each data server is stored in the base station 301
  • the base station 301 reports the tag record according to the IP address of the data server corresponding to the tag.
  • the data server provides vehicle information, a history tag record of the vehicle travel. When a base station 301 reports a tag record, the server stores the tag record and calculates a distance and a credit amount for the vehicle to travel according to the list of base station nodes.
  • the central server 303 is configured to perform network management on the base station 301 and the data server 302. For example, the central server 303 provides the base station 301 for configuration, topology, and alarm functions, and maintains an interaction list between the plurality of base stations 301 and between the base station 301 and the data server 302. When the address of the data server 302 changes. The central server 303 broadcasts the latest address information to each base station 301. If the address of a certain base station 301 changes, the central server multicasts the message to the base station. Base station.
  • the central server 303 also provides a unified service interface for the user, and selects different data servers 302 to interact with the user according to the tag ID input by the user. Simply put, for the interaction with the customer, the module provides a routing function.
  • the system further includes: a backup server 304 corresponding to the data server, used for backing up the data server 302.
  • a backup server 304 corresponding to the data server, used for backing up the data server 302.
  • the substitute data server 302 is connected to the base station 301 and performs normal. Business.
  • the data server 302 performs a backup operation with the backup server 304.
  • the data server 302 and the backup The synchronization of the server 304 can be made when the system is idle.
  • the backup server 304 connects to the base station 301 instead of the data server 302 and performs normal services.
  • the module initiates a monitoring. After receiving the message recovered by the data server 302, the backup server 304 actively performs data synchronization with the data server 302. After the synchronization is completed, the base station 301 is notified to restore the interactive object to Data server 302.
  • the running path of the vehicle is tracked under a complex path, thereby calculating the travel distance of the vehicle for charging.
  • the role of the label in this patent is to identify the vehicle, and other information is stored in the database. This not only reduces the economic burden of using active tags, but also solves the security problem of passive tags.

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Description

一种自由流车辆计费方法、 基站及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信和射频识别( RFID, Radio Frequency Identification ) 技术领域, 特别涉及一种自由流车辆计费方法、 基站及系统。 背景技术
随着中国经济和科技的迅猛发展, 中心城市的规模迅速扩大, 人们对 车辆的需求和依赖也逐渐增大。 以北京为例, 北京常住人口 1493万, 机动 车已达到 245 万辆, 在上下班高峰期, 车辆的拥堵情况十分严重, 中国社 会科学院数量经济与技术研究所计算, 北京交通拥堵造成每天的社会成本 为 4000万, 每年的损失达到 146亿元。 一种较为合理的解决方法是: 对高 峰时期行驶的车辆进行收费, 以便限制交通高峰期的车辆出行。 目前, 以 RFID技术为核心的应用系统在智能交通领域已得到广泛应用。 RFID技术 是利用射频信号基于空间耦合传输特性, 非接触式地实现对物体的自动识 别。 最典型的如在高速公路上不停车收费, 在高速公路入口, 通过车道读 卡器对标签进行初始化信息设置; 在高速公路上, 标签与路侧基站进行信 息交互, 并保存必要的路径信息; 在高速公路出口, 标签通过车道读卡器 将已经存储的路径信息进行上报, 以进行数据处理。 但是, 这种应用场景 的入口和出口都较为单一, 不适合在城市公路上使用。 因此, 设计一种合 理的在城市市内公路的自由流车辆收费方法是一个亟待解决的问题。 发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种自由流车辆计费方法、 基站及系 统, 利用标签对车辆的运行路径进行跟踪、 从而计算出行使距离并收费。 为了解决上述技术问题, 根据本发明的一个方面, 本发明提供的一种 自由流车辆计费方法, 包括:
基站采集过往车辆的标签信息;
基站过滤非法标签后, 针对每个合法的标签, 查询緩存中是否存在所 述标签的标签记录, 如果不存在, 则新建一条标签记录, 并初始化值; 如 果存在, 则在所述标签记录的基站列表中增加本基站 ID;
将所述标签记录组播到相邻基站;
超过预设的时间间隔阈值没有收到所述标签的组播消息时, 将所述标 签记录发送到数据服务器, 并删除所述标签记录;
数据服务器根据该标签记录的基站列表中各个基站之间的距离, 计算 车辆行驶距离和收费金额。
为解决上述技术问题, 根据本发明的另一个方面, 本发明提供的一种 自由流车辆计费基站包括标签采集模块、 标签清洗模块、 数据处理模块、 广播模块和上报模块; 其中,
标签采集模块, 用于采集过往车辆的标签;
标签清洗模块, 用于过滤标签采集模块采集到的非法标签;
数据处理模块, 用于针对每个合法的标签, 查询緩存中是否存在所述 标签的标签记录, 如果不存在, 则新建一条标签记录, 并初始化值; 如果 存在, 则在所述标签记录的基站列表中增加本基站 ID;
广播模块, 用于将数据处理模块处理的标签记录组播给相邻基站; 上报模块, 用于超过预定的时间间隔阈值没有收到该标签的组播消息 时, 将所述标签记录发送到数据服务器。
为了解决上述技术问题, 根据本发明的又一个方面, 本发明提供的一 种车辆计费系统包括: 基站、 数据服务器和中心服务器; 其中,
基站, 用于过往车辆的标签采集、 标签清洗、 数据处理、 数据广播、 以及数据上报;
数据服务器, 用于存储车辆标签信息和基站上报的标签记录, 并根据 标签记录的基站列表中各基站的距离, 计算车辆行驶距离和收费金额; 中心服务器, 用于对基站和数据服务器进行管理。
与现有技术相比较, 本发明实施例通过在城市公路的交通节点设置基 站, 车辆经过基站所覆盖的位置时不用停车, 利用基站之间的标签信息的 传递与交换, 实现了在复杂路径下跟踪车辆的运行路径, 从而计算车辆的 行驶距离进行收费。 附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 构成本发明的一 部分, 本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明, 并不构成对本发 明的不当限定。 在附图中:
图 1为本发明实施例一的自由流车辆计费方法流程图;
图 1为本发明实施例二的自由流车辆计费的基站模块结构图; 图 3为本发明实施例三的自由流车辆计费系统架构示意图。 具体实施方式
为了使本发明所要解决的技术问题、 技术方案及有益效果更加清楚、 明白, 以下结合附图和实施例, 对本发明进行进一步详细说明。 应当理解, 此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明, 并不用于限定本发明。
如图 1 所示, 本发明实施例一的自由流车辆计费方法, 具体包括以下 步驟:
步驟 101 : 基站获取标签信息;
这里,本步驟中的标签可为超高频标签,使用基于产品电子代码(EPC, Electronic Product Code )协议的陶瓷标签。 优选地, 标签只有一个字段, 该字段在发行后只可读不可写。 为了负 载平衡, 标签第 0字节为标签所在服务器的 ID, 为了便于标签清洗, 可以 通过标签的字节标识是否用于自由流计费, 比如该标签的第 1 , 4, 9, 16 字节的内容标识了该签的用途为自由流收费标签, 其余字段拼接起来代表 了标签的唯一标识的 ID。
步驟 102: 基站判断标签来源, 如果是通过采集获取的标签, 执行步驟 104, 否则, 执行步驟 103;
步驟 103: 在本基站中保存或删除标签记录, 结束流程;
这里, 对于相邻基站发送过来的标签记录, 有两种情况, 一种是车辆 还没有经过本基站, 这时需要保存该标签记录, 以备如果车辆可能行驶到 本基站采集到该标签时要使用。 另一种是车辆刚从本基站离开, 离开后行 使到的下一个基站发送过来的, 这时需要删除该标签记录。 判断依据可以 根据该标签记录的基站列表中倒数第二个基站 ID是否为本基站 ID, 如果 是, 则表示该车辆刚经过本基站离开的, 这时将该标签记录删除, 否则, 保存该标签 i己录。
步驟 104: 基站判断标签是否合法, 如果合法, 则执行步驟 105, 如果 不合法, 则结束流程。
这里, 本步驟中, 不合法的标签包括两种情况: 误读的非法标签和重 复采集的标签。
对于误读的非法标签, 当有不是用于自由流车辆收费的标签进入基站 的可读区域时, 基站可以向中心服务器发送请求查询是否可用于自由流车 辆收费, 但这样会浪费大量的带宽和服务器的计算资源。 因此, 本步驟中 优选的方案是: 当基站采集到标签后, 通过该标签的用途字节判断是否用 于自由流计费, 如果不是, 则直接将该标签丟弃。
对于重复采集的标签, 当一个车辆从进入基站可读区域到离开基站的 可读区域, 标签可能被多次读取采集到, 基站在緩存中给每一个采集上来 的合法标签分配两个字段, 一个是标签 ID, —个是时间戳 ; 当标签被重复 采集时, 对应的时间戳必然会很接近, 因此, 当同一标签多次采集的时间 戳的时间间隔小于某一最小值时, 则将该标签丟弃。
步驟 105: 进行数据处理, 之后执行步驟 106;
具体地, 根据标签 ID查询是否存在标签记录, 若不存在, 则为该标签 新建一条标签记录, 并初始化标签信息, 若存在, 则更新该标签记录, 将 自身的基站 ID添加到基站列表中。
优选地, 在基站中, 为了便于标签的管理和计算, 每一条标签记录包 含以下字段:
TagID: 即标签 ID, 用于记录标签的唯一标识码;
TimeStamp: 即时间戳, 用于记录最近采集到该标签的时间;
BSID: 即基站 ID, 用于记录最近采集到该标签的基站的唯一标识码; BSIDList: 基站列表, 用于记录车辆经过的所有基站的基站 ID。
步驟 106: 向相邻基站组播标签记录;
这里, 本步驟中, 可以向所有的相邻基站组播该标签的标签记录。 为 了节省空中资源, 也可以根据路口节点的情况, 在基站上配备不同数量的 天线, 天线根据车辆的运行方向判断出可能行驶到相邻基站, 只向车辆运 行的前一个基站和可能运行到相邻基站组播该标签记录, 这样, 可以减少 组播的基站数量。
步驟 107:判断是否超过预设的时间间隔阈值没有收到该标签的组播消 息, 如果是, 则执行步驟 108, 否则, 删除该标签记录, 结束流程;
本步驟中, 基站判断该标签记录的时间戳 T, 将 T与当前时间 T1进行 比较, 若丁1-1 最大时间间隔, 则说明该车辆已经离开的收费区域, 此时, 基站将此标签信息列表发送到数据服务器。 步驟 108: 将该标签记录发送到数据服务器, 并删除该标签记录; 这里, 标签信息中存储了所属的数据服务器 ID, 基站中存储了每个数 据服务器的 IP地址,基站根据该标签所对应的数据服务器的 IP地址上报标 签记录。
步驟 109: 数据服务器收到该标签记录后,根据该标签记录的基站列表 中各个基站之间的距离, 计算车辆行驶距离和收费金额。
这里, 本步驟中, 车辆行驶距离即为各个基站之间的距离之和。
本发明实施例通过在城市公路的交通节点设置基站, 车辆经过基站所 覆盖的位置时不用停车, 利用基站之间的标签信息的传递与交换, 实现了 在复杂路径下跟踪车辆的运行路径, 从而计算车辆的行驶距离进行收费。
实施例二
本发明实施例二的自由流车辆计费基站, 如图 2所示, 包括: 标签采 集模块 201、 标签清洗模块 202、 数据处理模块 203、 广播模块 204和上报 模块 205; 其中,
标签采集模块 201 , 用于采集过往车辆上的标签;
标签清洗模块 202, 用于过滤标签采集模块 201采集到的非法标签; 数据处理模块 203 , 用于针对每一个合法的标签, 进行数据处理; 具体地, 查询緩存中是否存在该标签的标签记录, 如果不存在, 则新 建一条标签记录, 并初始化值; 如果存在, 则在该标签记录中的基站列表 中增加本基站 ID;
广播模块 204,用于将数据处理模块 203处理后的标签记录组播给相邻 基站;
上报模块 205,用于超过预定的时间间隔阈值没有收到该标签的组播消 息时, 将该标签记录发送到数据服务器。
优选地, 基站还包括接收模块 206, 用于接收相邻基站的组播消息, 并 保存或删除标签记录;
优选地, 为了节省空中资源, 基站还包括根据路口节点的情况配备不 同数量的天线, 当标签被采集上来后, 天线根据车辆的运行方向判断出可 能行驶到相邻基站, 只向车辆运行的前一个基站和可能运行到相邻基站组 播该标签记录, 这样, 可以减少组播的基站数量。
优选地, 为了确保数据的准确性, 标签清洗模块 202还包括: 第一过 滤单元和第二过滤单元, 其中, 第一过滤单元, 用于通过标签中的用途字 节来过滤不是用于自由流车辆计费的标签; 第二过滤单元, 用于通过采集 时间间隔来过滤重复采集的标签。
优选地, 为了便于标签的管理和统计, 记录至少包括以下信息: 用于 唯一标识该标签的标签 ID、 用于记录该标签被采集的最近时间的时间戳、 用于记录最近采集到该标签的基站的唯一标识码的基站 ID、 以及用于记录 该标签所经过的所有基站的基站列表。
本发明实施例利用基站之间的标签信息的传递与交换, 实现了在复杂 路径下跟踪车辆的运行路径, 从而计算车辆的行驶距离进行收费。 再次, 根据本发明实施例对标签数据格式的定义和使用组播的方式进行信息交 互, 尽可能地避免了脏数据和泛洪的产生, 节省了带宽及服务器计算的资 源。
实施例三
是本发明实施例三的自由流车辆计费系统, 如图 3所示, 该系统包括: 基站 301、 数据服务器 302和中心服务器 303; 其中,
基站 301 : 用于过往车辆的标签采集、标签清洗、数据处理、数据广播、 以及数据上报。
需要说明的是: 本发明实施例一和实施例二中的基站相关的所有方案 都可以适用到本发明实施例中, 这里不再重述具体内容。 数据服务器 302, 用于存储车辆标签信息和基站 301上报的标签记录, 并根据标签记录的基站列表中各基站的距离, 计算车辆行驶距离和收费金 额;
具体地, 数据服务器 302可为多个独立的子系统, 每个子系统提供相 同的功能, 划分的依据是不同子系统所管理的标签不同。 标签中存储了所 属的数据服务器 ID, 基站 301 中存储了每个数据服务器的 IP地址, 基站 301根据该标签所对应的数据服务器的 IP地址上报标签记录。 数据服务器 提供了车辆信息, 车辆行驶的历史标签记录, 当有基站 301 上报标签记录 时, 服务器会存储该标签记录, 并根据基站节点的列表算出车辆行驶的距 离和扣款额度。
中心服务器 303 , 用于对基站 301和数据服务器 302进行网络管理。 例如, 中心服务器 303提供基站 301进行配置、 拓朴、 以及告警等功 能, 同时会维护多个基站 301之间、 基站 301与数据服务器 302之间的交 互列表, 当数据服务器 302的地址发生变化时, 中心服务器 303会采用广 播的方式将最新的地址信息发送到各个基站 301 ,若某个基站 301的地址发 生变化时, 中心服务器会将该消息以组播的方式发送给与该基站相关联的 基站。
此外, 中心服务器 303还为用户提供统一的服务接口, 根据用户输入 的标签 ID选择不同的数据服务器 302与用户进行交互。 简单的说, 对于和 客户的交互, 该模块提供的是一个路由的功能。
优选地, 为了防止故障, 该系统还包括: 与数据服务器对应的备份服 务器 304, 用于备份数据服务器 302, 当数据服务器 302发生故障或软件升 级时, 替代数据服务器 302与基站 301连接并进行正常的业务。
例如, 当完成交易后, 数据服务器 302会与备份服务器 304进行备份 操作, 为了不影响数据服务器与基站的正常交互, 数据服务器 302 与备份 服务器 304 的同步可以选择系统空闲时进行。 当数据服务器发生故障或软 件升级时, 备份服务器 304替代数据服务器 302与基站 301连接并进行正 常的业务。 此外, 该模块会启动一个监听, 该监听的目的是收到数据服务 器 302恢复的消息后, 备份服务器 304会主动与数据服务器 302进行数据 同步, 同步完成后, 通知所有基站 301将交互对象恢复为数据服务器 302。
本发明实施例利用基站之间的标签信息的传递与交换, 实现了在复杂 路径下跟踪车辆的运行路径, 从而计算车辆的行驶距离进行收费。 其次, 本专利中标签的作用就是标识车辆, 其它信息都存放在数据库中, 这样, 既减轻了使用有源标签所带来的经济负担, 又解决了无源标签的安全问题。
上述说明示出并描述了本发明的一个优选实施例, 但如前所述, 应当 理解本发明并非局限于本文所披露的形式, 不应看作是对其他实施例的排 除, 而可用于各种其他组合、 修改和环境, 并能够在本文所述发明构想范 围内, 通过上述教导或相关领域的技术或知识进行改动。 而本领域人员所 进行的改动和变化不脱离本发明的精神和范围, 则都应在本发明所附权利 要求的保护范围内。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种自由流车辆计费方法, 其特征在于, 该方法包括:
基站采集过往车辆的标签信息;
基站过滤非法标签后, 针对每个合法的标签, 查询緩存中是否存在所 述标签的标签记录, 如果不存在, 则新建一条标签记录, 并初始化值, 如 果存在, 则在所述标签记录的基站列表中增加本基站 ID;
将所述标签记录组播到相邻基站;
超过预设的时间间隔阈值没有收到所述标签的组播消息时, 将所述标 签记录发送到数据服务器, 并删除所述标签记录;
数据服务器根据所述标签记录的基站列表中各个基站之间的距离, 计 算车辆行驶距离和收费金额。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述基站过滤非法标签, 包括: 通过所述标签中的用途字节过滤不是用于自由流车辆计费的标签, 以及通过采集时间间隔过滤重复采集的标签。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 在基站过滤非法标签之 前, 该方法还包括: 所述基站收到相邻基站组播的所述标签记录并保存。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述标签记录包括: 标签 ID, 用于记录所述标签的唯一标识码;
基站 ID, 用于记录最近采集到所述标签的基站的唯一标识码; 时间戳, 用于记录最近采集到标签的时间;
基站列表, 用于记录车辆经过的所有基站的基站 ID。
5、 根据权利要求 1至 4任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述相邻基 站为: 所述标签记录的基站列表中的前一个基站、 以及根据天线判断出的 车辆可能行使到的下一个基站。
6、 根据权利要求 1至 4任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 在将所述标 签记录组播到相邻基站后, 该方法还包括:
收到相邻基站组播的所述标签的标签记录后, 删除所述标签记录, 结 束流程。
7、 一种自由流车辆计费基站, 其特征在于, 该基站包括: 标签采集模 块、 标签清洗模块、 数据处理模块、 广播模块和上报模块; 其中,
标签采集模块, 用于采集过往车辆的标签;
标签清洗模块, 用于过滤标签采集模块采集到的非法标签;
数据处理模块, 用于针对每个合法的标签, 查询緩存中是否存在所述 标签的标签记录, 如果不存在, 则新建一条标签记录, 并初始化值; 如果 存在, 则在所述标签记录的基站列表中增加本基站 ID;
广播模块, 用于将标签记录组播到相邻基站;
上报模块, 用于超过预定的时间间隔阈值没有收到该标签的组播消息 时, 将所述标签记录发送到数据服务器。
8、根据权利要求 7所述的基站,其特征在于, 该基站还包括接收模块, 用于接收相邻基站的组播消息, 并保存或删除对应的标签记录。
9、 根据权利要求 7所述的基站, 其特征在于, 该基站还包括: 根据路 口节点设置的天线, 用于判断车辆可能行驶的下一个相邻基站。
10、 根据权利要求 7所述的基站, 其特征在于, 所述标签清洗模块还 包括第一滤单元和第而过滤单元; 其中,
所述第一过滤单元, 用于根据采集的标签中的用途字节来过滤不是用 于自由流车辆计费的标签;
所述第二过滤单元, 用于根据采集时间间隔来过滤重复采集的标签。
11、 根据权利要求 7至 10任一项所述的基站, 其特征在于, 所述标签 i己录包括:
标签 ID, 用于记录所述标签的唯一标识码; 基站 ID, 用于记录最近采集到所述标签的基站的唯一标识码; 时间戳, 用于记录最近采集到所述标签的时间;
基站列表, 用于记录车辆经过的所有基站的基站 ID。
12、 一种车辆计费系统, 其特征在于, 该系统包括: 权利要求 7至 11 任一项权利要求所述的基站、 数据服务器和中心服务; 其中,
数据服务器, 用于存储车辆标签信息和基站上报的标签记录, 并根据 标签记录的基站列表中各基站的距离, 计算车辆行驶距离和收费金额; 中心服务器, 用于对基站和数据服务器进行管理。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的系统, 其特征在于, 该系统还包括: 与数 据服务器对应的备份服务器, 用于当数据服务器发生故障或软件升级时, 替代数据服务器与基站连接并进行正常的业务。
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