WO2012149897A1 - Method and device for preparing agricultural carbon by using an organic substance - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for preparing an agricultural carbon by pyrolyzing, carbonizing and activating organic waste, which comprises the steps of: feeding the organic substance into heating equipment; using the heating equipment; heating the organic substance using the heating equipment, during which the organic substance is decomposed to produce carbon and a mixed gas which is discharged; at the same time when the heating equipment is heating, feeding the steam and flue gas into the heating equipment to produce the agricultural carbon after activating the carbon for a period, in which case, the steam is water steam and the flue gas is produced after burning a combustible material. The present invention also discloses a device for realizing the abovementioned method, which device at least comprises a heating chamber and a steam boiler which is used for providing the steam and flue gas and for recycling the combustible gas produced after decomposition of the organic substance.

Description

 Method and device for preparing agricultural carbon by using organic matter

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of producing an agricultural carbon by carbonizing and activating an organic substance by pyrolysis. The organic matter generally refers to waste organic materials such as animal manure, rice chaff, peanut shell, corn stalk, and tree waste.

 The invention also relates to an apparatus for implementing the above method.

Background technique

 In 2007, the International "Agricultural Charcoal" Initiative was held in New South Wales, Australia. Scientists and business circles from all over the world have paid close attention to the research and application of "agricultural charcoal" technology.

 "Agrichar" is a charcoal-like residue formed by the organic materials such as animal manure, rice chaff, peanut shell, corn stalk, and tree waste, which are pyrolyzed in an oxygen-free environment. About 50% organic The carbon in the raw material remains therein.

 The latest research from the Wollongaba Agricultural Research Institute in Australia confirms the enormous potential of the “agricultural charcoal” technology. The researchers tested 10 tons of "agricultural charcoal" per hectare of farmland. The results showed that "agricultural charcoal" could increase wheat yield by three times and soybean yield by more than two times. At the same time, they also used nitrogen fertilizer and “agricultural charcoal” and nitrogen fertilizer alone for comparative tests and found that the yields were basically the same. This shows that the use of "agricultural charcoal" alone can have the same effect as the use of nitrogen fertilizer.

 "Agricultural charcoal" technology can also significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. According to Tim Franner, a well-known Australian scientist, the amount of greenhouse gases released by the soil is more than 10 times that of fossil-burning greenhouse gases. By measuring and comparing the gases released from the soil, it was found that "agricultural charcoal" can significantly reduce the release of carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide. Nitrous oxide is another, more serious greenhouse gas that produces 300 times more greenhouse effect than carbon dioxide and can last for 150 years in the air.

Another environmental scientist, Steve Kember, of the Wollongaba Agricultural Research Institute in Australia, pointed out that "agricultural charcoal" brings another benefit to farmers and the environment. Crop residue, ground cover Carbon in the form of compost, etc., is unstable in the soil and will completely decompose and convert to carbon dioxide in two to three years. The "agricultural charcoal" is very stable in the soil, and the carbon can last for hundreds of years. This means that with the same amount of "agricultural charcoal" and compost, "agricultural charcoal" can be used for decades at a time, while compost is used annually, which will undoubtedly reduce farmers' spending. For the environment, the amount of carbon dioxide released from the soil will be greatly reduced because the unstable, easily decomposable carbon is replaced by a stable "agricultural charcoal".

 Human beings produce a large amount of organic waste every day during production and life: feces in cattle farms and chicken farms; rice chaff and peanut shells in grain processing enterprises; crop straws produced in agricultural production processes; The remaining bagasse; shallow lake pollution control of salvage cyanobacteria... and so on. In addition to moisture, the above organic waste contains a large amount of organic matter, and the main component of the organic matter is carbon. These organic wastes have large water content, complex composition and scattered locations. If they are not timely and properly handled, they are highly odorous and cause environmental pollution.

 It is well known that organic waste such as animal manure, rice chaff, peanut shell, crop straw, bagasse, cyanobacteria, etc. can be made into agricultural charcoal after pyrolysis, carbonization and activation in an oxygen-free environment.

(Can Agnchar use a device to industrialize the production of agricultural carbon after pyrolysis, carbonization, and activation of the above organic waste, which has not been reported so far.

Disclosure of the Invention An object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing agricultural charcoal by pyrolysis, carbonization, and activation of organic waste such as animal manure, rice chaff, peanut shell, crop straw, bagasse, and cyanobacteria in an oxygen-free environment.

 It is still another object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for pyrolyzing, carbonizing, and activating organic waste.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing agricultural carbon using an organic substance, comprising the steps of: transporting the organic substance to a heating device; heating the organic substance with the heating device to decompose the organic substance Generating carbon and a mixed gas, and discharging the mixed gas; while heating the heating device, delivering steam and flue gas to the heating device, and activating the generated carbon for a period of time, Thus generating The agricultural carbon; wherein the steam is water vapor, and the flue gas is generated after combustion of the combustible material.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water in the steam boiler is heated by the heat generated by the combustion of the combustible material, and the flue gas is generated after the combustible material is burned, and the water in the steam boiler is heated and evaporated to form a place. Said steam.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the volume of steam input to the heating device to the carbon generated in the heating device is 500 to 700 m ³ :lt.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heating temperature is 650 to 750 ° C, and the activation time is 15 to 30 minutes.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the heating device flips the organic matter during heating.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the combustible gas contained in the mixed gas discharged from the heating device is sent to the steam boiler for combustion.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the steam boiler includes a furnace for burning combustibles, and during combustion, simultaneously introducing a combustible material capable of independently maintaining combustion and discharging the same from the heating device into the furnace. A combustible gas contained in the mixed gas.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the combustible material capable of independently maintaining combustion is natural gas which is combusted by a natural gas burner.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the steam and flue gas are mixed and fed into the heating device.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the steam and fumes are mixed through a venturi.

 The present invention also provides an apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon using organic matter, comprising a heating chamber for heating the organic matter, decomposing the organic matter, generating carbon and a mixed gas, and discharging the mixed gas; a steam boiler for generating steam and flue gas, and delivering the steam and flue gas to the heating chamber to activate the generated carbon for a period of time to generate the agricultural carbon, wherein the steam It is water vapor, which is generated after combustion of combustibles.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the steam boiler passes a steam fumes A mixer is connected to the heating chamber, and the steam flue gas mixer is used to mix steam and flue gas generated by the steam boiler.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the steam-gas mixer is a venturi. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the steam boiler is connected to a heat storage tank, and the heat storage tank is connected to the steam flue gas mixer, and the heat storage tank is used to store the steam boiler generated by the steam boiler. steam.

 In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a steam flow meter and a vapor pressure equalization valve are provided on the conduit between the thermal storage tank and the steam-smoke mixer for measuring and regulating the rate of delivery of steam, respectively.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a heating drum is mounted in the heating chamber, and the heating roller has a cylindrical shape and is rotatable relative to the heating chamber about a central axis thereof. The organic matter is heated.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heating roller has an exhaust pipe for outputting a mixed gas generated by decomposition of the organic matter, and the device further includes a mixed gas purification processing device for The mixed gas is filtered to form a combustible gas, and the combustible gas is piped to the steam boiler for combustion.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the steam boiler includes a furnace for burning combustibles, the furnace includes a burner capable of independently supporting combustion and a combustor for burning combustible gas from the heating drum. burner.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixed gas purification treatment device is a spray tower.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of rows of guide plates are installed on the inner wall of the heating roller, and each row of flip plates is composed of a plurality of flip plates, and the flip plates are used for The loaded organic matter is turned while the heating roller is rotating.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there are expansion joints between the two rows of flip plates of each row, and each of the flip plates is composed of a triangle having a plane and a slope of 5° to 20°. Wherein the plane of each row of flipping plates is horizontally aligned, the tips of the triangles being oriented towards the end for discharging agricultural carbon.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the side walls and the top of the heating chamber are The outer wall is covered with thermal insulation material.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the lower half of the heating roller is coated with a semicircular curved electromagnetic coil for generating a high frequency alternating magnetic field.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an electric equipment room is disposed under the heating chamber, and a power conversion device electrically connected to the electromagnetic coil is installed in the electric equipment room, and the power conversion device is used for A high frequency alternating current is supplied to the electromagnetic coil.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the utility model has a through-type gate on both sides of the electric equipment, and an exhaust fan for dissipating heat is installed in the ventilation grille door.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper surface of the electromagnetic coil is covered with a ceramic plate, and a gap is formed between the lower half of the heating roller and the ceramic plate.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the gap is l~5 mm.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, one end of the heating roller is a conical cylinder, the inner end of the conical cylinder has an inner diameter larger than the inner diameter of the outer end, and the conical cylinder is provided with a body for discharging the Agricultural carbon discharge board.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the outer end of the conical cylinder is fixedly connected to a discharge drum. The discharge drum is also cylindrical and has an inner diameter equal to the outer diameter of the outer end of the tapered cylinder for conveying the agricultural carbon discharged from the heating drum to the outside.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the discharge drum is provided with a spiral guide plate for conveying agricultural carbon to the outside when the discharge drum rotates.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer end of the discharge drum sequentially passes through a roller chamber and a discharge chamber, and extends into a discharge bin and is disposed in the discharge bin. A discharge chamber is fixedly connected, and the discharge chamber is for receiving agricultural carbon discharged from the discharge drum.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the discharge wall has a discharge opening on the outer side wall of the discharge chamber, and a discharge opening cover is mounted on the discharge opening.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the roller chamber is for accommodating a roller and a support ring, and the support ring is disposed on a circumference of an outer wall of the discharge roller, and the support ring is meshed with the roller, The support ring and the idler are used to support the discharge drum and enable it to rotate about its axis.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the discharge compartment is located between the discharge bin and the roller compartment, and has metal doors on both sides thereof, and a dust removal port on the top, the dust removal port and a dust removal Duct connection, used to remove dust between materials.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an inner conveying pipe is axially inserted from the outer side wall of the discharge bin in the discharge drum and extends into the heating drum for The organic material is conveyed in a heating drum.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feed nozzle of the inner conveying pipe is connected to an outer conveying pipe through a rotary joint, and the outer conveying pipe is connected to a material conveying device for conveying the organic matter The raw material is pushed into the heating drum through the outer conveying pipe and the inner conveying pipe.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the discharge end of the inner delivery tube has a diameter greater than the diameter of one end of the feed.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer conveying pipe is further provided with a mixed gas three-way valve, the two ends of the mixed gas three-way valve are connected with the outer conveying pipe, and the other end is connected to the steam smoke through the pipe. The gas outlet of the gas mixer is connected to supply the steam flue gas mixture to the heating drum.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer conveying pipe is further provided with a compressed air three-way valve, the two ends of the compressed air three-way valve are connected with the outer conveying pipe, and the other end is connected with a compressed air tank through a pipe. The air outlet is connected to the compressed air tank for blowing the organic material into the heating drum.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the end of the heating roller opposite to the end to which the discharge drum is connected is connected to a drive roller for driving the heating roller for rotation.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the drive roller drives the heating roller to have a rotational speed of 2-5 r/min.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving drum is disposed in a driving device room, and a driving device is installed in the driving device room, and the heating roller is driven by the motor in the driving device to rotate in the forward and reverse directions.

 According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drive roller is externally mounted with a support ring and a drive gear, the support ring being supported on a roller, the drive gear being engaged with the drive device.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving drum is covered with an insulation protection Warm material.

 The invention can be made into agricultural charcoal (Agrichar) by industrialization, such as animal waste, rice chaff, peanut shell, crop straw, bagasse, cyanobacteria and the like, which are pyrolyzed, carbonized and activated in an anaerobic environment.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a device of the present invention;

 Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the device of the present invention;

 Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 2;

 4 is a schematic view of a flipper plate in a conical cylinder of the present invention, wherein FIG. 4a is a cross-sectional view of the heating roller, and FIG. 4b is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 4a.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In order to make the objects, the technical solutions and the advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the detailed description of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The markings in the drawings are as follows:

1-control cabinet, 2-duster, 3-dusting pipe, 4-heat storage tank safety valve, 5-storage tank steam valve, 6-storage tank pressure display and sensor, 7-storage tank, 8-storage Hot tank inlet, 9-heat storage tank drain, 10- steam boiler drain, 11-steam boiler steam valve, 12-steam pipe, 13-steam boiler safety valve, 14-steam boiler pressure display and sensor, 15 - Flue gas port, 16-water supply port, 17-water level gauge, 18-natural gas burner, 19-methyl helium gas burner, 20-steam boiler, 21-feed bin, 22-material conveying equipment, 23-material conveying Pipe, 24-compressed air tank, 25-outlet valve, 26-inlet, 27-air pressure display and sensor, 28-compressed air three-way valve, 29-steam flue gas three-way valve, 30-flue gas inlet, 31-Steam inlet, 32-steam flue gas mixer, 33-air compressor, 34-wheel, 35-drain bin, 36-discharge port, 37-outlet bin, 38-discharge port cover, 39- Discharge port, 40-fold, 41-spiral guide plate, 42-check port, 43-steam flue gas mixing outlet, 44-material tube swivel joint, 45-inner transfer tube, 46-discharge Room, 47-discharge roller, 48-insulation material, 49-separator, 50-compressed air tank safety valve, 51-discharge room, 52-discharge bin temperature sensor, 53-dust removal port, 54-ventilation tube, 55-roller, 56 - roller chamber, 57-seal, 58-dust duct, 59-metal housing, 60-top temperature sensor, 61-heating chamber, 62-heating roller, 63-turning plate, 64-pipe, 65-drive roller, 66-drive gear, 67-drive device, 68-exhaust pipe rotary joint, 69-mixed gas outlet, 70-mixed gas pipe, 71-combustible gas outlet, 72-mixed gas purification treatment equipment, 73 -spray water connection, 74-drain, 75-row fan, 76-base, 77-drive, 78-stop roller, 79-roller, 80-high strength ceramic plate, 81-power converter, 82 -Electromagnetic coil, 83-electric equipment room, 84-discharge board, 85-conical cylinder, 86-slag discharge chamber, 87-slag discharge port, 88-air inlet, 89-metal door, 90-central temperature sensor , 91-ventilation grille, 92-slag discharge door, 93-gate ventilation door, 94-electrical temperature sensor, 95-solen coil temperature sensor, 96-exhaust fan Chimney 97-, 98- combustible gas conduit, the vapor pressure compensation valve 99-, 100- steam flow, the steam pipe 101.

 The method for preparing agricultural carbon by using organic matter proposed by the invention is to transport the organic matter to a heating device, heating the organic matter with the heating device, decomposing the organic matter, generating carbon and mixed gas, and heating the steam and the smoke while performing heating. Gas is delivered to the heating device to activate the generated carbon to produce the agricultural carbon.

 The steam in the present invention means water vapor, and the flue gas means a gas or a solid gas mixture which is formed after combustion of combustibles.

 The steam and flue gas may be supplied by a steam boiler, and the water in the steam boiler is heated by the heat generated by the combustion of combustibles to generate steam, and the combustibles are combusted to generate the flue gas.

 The invention will now be described in detail by an embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out the above method for the preparation of agricultural carbon using organic matter. Please refer to Figure 1 to Figure 4. The apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention mainly comprises a heating chamber 61 for heating organic matter to generate carbon, and a steam boiler 20 for supplying steam and flue gas for performing carbon generation. activation.

 The heating chamber 61 is substantially cylindrical, its axial direction is parallel to the horizontal plane, and is mounted in a metal casing 59.

A heating roller 62 is mounted in the heating chamber 61 for loading organic matter, the heating The drum 62 also has a cylindrical shape and is rotatable relative to the heating chamber about its axis, wherein the shaft is parallel to the axial direction of the heating chamber 61. The heating roller is made of a high temperature resistant material such as 310S stainless steel.

 The inner wall of the heating roller 62 is provided with a plurality of rows of flip plates 63, each of which is composed of a plurality of flipping plates 63 for flipping the loaded organic matter when the heating roller is rotated. There is an expansion joint between two rows of flip plates 63 in each row; each of the flip plates 63 is composed of a triangle having a plane and an inclined surface at an angle of 5° to 20°, wherein each row of the guide plates 63 The planes are arranged horizontally, and the triangular tips of the flip-chip 63 are oriented toward the end for discharging the agricultural carbon heat.

 Preferably, the outer walls of the side walls and the top of the heating chamber 61 are covered with a heat insulating material 48. According to this embodiment, a semicircular arc-shaped electromagnetic coil 82 is coated on the lower half of the heating roller 62, and the electromagnetic coil 82 has at least one set (this embodiment and the drawing are illustrated by taking five sets of electromagnetic coils as an example. The electromagnetic coil 82 is used to generate a high frequency alternating magnetic field. The upper surface of the electromagnetic coil 82 is covered with a high-strength ceramic plate 80 which can withstand high temperatures. A working gap is left between the lower half of the heating roller 62 and the ceramic plate 80, so that the heating roller 62 does not cause contact friction with the ceramic plate 80 when rotating, and the working gap can ensure the heating roller 62. The alternating magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 82 can be received. The working gap is generally between l and 5 mm. If the gap distance is too large, the magnetic flux of the high-frequency alternating magnetic field formed by the electromagnetic coil 82 cannot generate eddy current in the metal body of the heating roller 62; if the distance gap is too small, the heating roller 62 and the ceramic plate 80 are in contact friction. Damage to the solenoid.

 According to this embodiment, an electrical equipment room 83 is disposed under the heating chamber 61, and five power conversion devices 81 electrically connected to the five sets of electromagnetic coils 82 are respectively mounted in the electrical equipment room 83. The power conversion device 81 is electrically connected. It is used to supply high frequency alternating current to the electromagnetic coil 82, which is mainly composed of a rectifying circuit, an inverter circuit, a control circuit, a relay, an electric fan and the like. Since the specific configuration of the power conversion device 81 belongs to the prior art, it will not be described in the present invention.

Ventilation grille doors 93 are provided on both sides of the electrical equipment room 83. One side of the ventilation grille door 93 is provided with an exhaust fan 96, and each exhaust fan corresponds to a power conversion device 81, and a temperature sensor 94 is passed through the electrical equipment room. Determine the operating temperature, when the operating temperature is too high, The fan 116 heats the electrical equipment room 83.

 In this embodiment, the rotational speed of the heating roller 62 is designed to be 2-5 r/min (rev/min), and the distance between the outer wall of the heating roller 62 and the upper half of the heating chamber 61 is about 300 mm, and the outer wall of the heating roller 62 is heated. The distance from the top inner wall of the heating chamber 61 is also 300 mm. One end of the heating roller 62 is a tapered cylindrical body 85 having a larger inner diameter at the inner end and a smaller inner diameter at the outer end. An agricultural carbon discharge plate 84 is provided in the conical cylinder 85 for discharging.

 The outer end of the tapered cylinder 85 is fixedly coupled to one end of a discharge drum 47. The discharge drum 47 is also cylindrical and has an inner diameter equal to the inner diameter of the outer end of the tapered cylinder 85, i.e., smaller than the inner diameter of the heating drum 62. The discharge roller 47 is for conveying the agricultural carbon discharged from the heating roller 62 to the outside.

 A spiral guide plate 41 is mounted in the discharge drum 47. The vertical angle between the spiral guide plate 41 and the discharge drum 47 is 3° to 15° left for conveying the agricultural carbon to the outside when the discharge drum 47 is rotated.

 The other end of the discharge drum 47 passes through a roller chamber 56 and a discharge chamber 51 in sequence, and extends into a discharge bin 37, and is fixedly connected to a discharge chamber 46 provided in the discharge bin 37. . The discharge chamber 46 is for receiving the agricultural carbon discharged by the discharge drum 47. In this embodiment, it is rotated with the discharge drum 47, and a discharge port 39 is provided on the outer side wall thereof, and the discharge port 39 is provided. A discharge port cover 38 is provided, and the discharge side cover 38 and the outer side wall of the discharge chamber 46 are connected by a hinge 40. When the discharge opening 39 is turned to the top with the discharge chamber 46, the discharge opening is The discharge port 39 is covered by gravity to avoid generating too much dust.

 The discharge bin 37 surrounds the discharge chamber 46, does not rotate with the discharge drum 47, and has a discharge port 36 at its lower portion, and an inspection port 42, an discharge bin temperature sensor 52, and a rotary joint 44. The outside of the discharge bin 37 has an insulating material 48.

 When the discharge port 39 of the discharge chamber 46 is turned downward and the discharge port 39 of the discharge chamber 46 faces downward, the discharge port cover 38 is opened downward by gravity, and the carbon at the bottom of the discharge chamber 46 It is discharged from the discharge port 39, enters the discharge bin 37, and is discharged from the discharge port 36 below the discharge bin 37.

The idler chamber 56 is for accommodating a roller 79 and a support ring 55. The support ring is disposed on the circumference of the outer wall of the discharge drum 47. The support ring 55 is meshed with the idler roller 79, and the support ring 55 and A roller 79 is used to support the discharge drum 47 and to be rotatable about its axis. Preferably, a heat insulating material 48 is further disposed on the outer wall of the discharge drum 47. A sealing device 57 is provided at a connection portion between the discharge drum 47 and the heating chamber 61 and the discharge bin 37.

 The discharge compartment 51 is located between the discharge bin 37 and the roller compartment 56, and has a metal door 89 on both sides and a dust removal port 53 on the top. The dust removing port 53 is connected to the dust removing duct 58 for indicating dust removal between materials. There is a slag discharge port 87 at the bottom of the discharge compartment 51. The lower part of the slag discharge port 87 is a slag discharge chamber 86. The slag discharge chamber 86 is provided with a slag discharge tank 35 with wheels 34. The slag discharge chamber 87 has a slag discharge chamber door 92 on the side, and the slag discharge tank 35 can be pulled out.

 There is a partition 49 between the discharge chamber 51 and the idler chamber 56, and a vent 88 is provided at the lower portion of the partition 49. The idler chamber 56 has a venting pipe 54, one end of which is a vent 89, and the other end of which is a vent 4 located in the upper half of the idler chamber 56. Similarly, there are metal doors 89 on either side of the roller chamber.

 The other end of the heating roller 62 (the opposite end to which the discharge roller 47 is connected) is connected to a driving roller 65 for driving the heating roller 62 to rotate. The drive roller 65 is located within the drive unit 67. A roller 79, a thrust roller 78, a drive unit 77, and a dust removal port 53 at the top are also mounted in the drive unit 67. The support roller 65 is provided with a support ring 55 and a drive gear 66. The support ring 55 is seated on the idler roller 79. The support ring 55 is in contact with the thrust roller 78 toward one side of the drive gear 66. The drive gear 66 meshes with the gear of the drive unit 77, and the drive roller 65 has a heat insulating material 48 outside. The dust removing port 53 is connected to the dust removing duct 58. The drive unit 67 has a swivel joint 68 on the outer end plate and a metal door 89 on both sides of the drive unit 67. The lower portion of the metal door 89 has a ventilation grille 91.

An exhaust pipe 64 is mounted in the drive drum 65. The exhaust pipe 64-end extends into the heating drum 62, and the other end is connected to the exhaust pipe rotary joint 68 mounted on the outer wall of the drive unit 67 outside the drive drum 65. The exhaust pipe 64 extends into the heating drum 62 and has a diameter at one end that is larger than the diameter of the end connected to the rotary joint 68 of the exhaust pipe. The outer end of the exhaust pipe rotary joint 68 has a steam outlet 69. The steam outlet 69 is connected to the inlet port of the mixed gas purification processing device 72 through a pipe 70. The mixed gas purification treatment device 72 may employ a spray tower, which is a well-known device. The spray tower has a water inlet 73, a water outlet 74, an inlet 70, and a combustible gas outlet 71. The combustible gas such as formazan or acetamidine in the mixed gas is sent to the krypton gas burner 19 of the steam boiler 20 through the combustible gas outlet 71 of the mixed gas evolution processing apparatus, the discharge fan 75, and the combustible gas line 98. The apparatus according to the present invention further includes an inner delivery tube 45 having one end extending through the discharge bin 37, the discharge chamber 46, and the discharge drum 47 into the heating roller 62 (this end is referred to as a discharge nozzle). The other end is connected to a material pipe rotary joint 44 mounted on the outer wall of the discharge bin 37 (this end is referred to as a feed nozzle). The inner conveying pipe 45 is in contact with the contact portion of the discharge chamber 46 and the discharge drum 47. The diameter of the discharge port of the inner conveying pipe 45 (i.e., the end extending into the heating drum 62) is larger than the diameter of the feeding nozzle (i.e., the end connected to the rotary joint 44 of the material pipe) to avoid clogging during feeding. The material pipe rotary joint 44 is connected to an outer conveying pipe 23, and the other end of the outer conveying pipe 23 is connected to the material conveying device 22. Above the material handling device 22 there is a feed bin 21. The material conveying device 22 is for pushing the organic material through the outer conveying pipe 23 and the inner conveying pipe 45 into a screw pump, which is a well-known device.

 The above components can be mounted on a base 76.

 The apparatus of the present invention also has a steam boiler 20 which functions to provide steam and flue gas required for activation of the prepared "agricultural charcoal" while recycling the combustible gas generated during pyrolysis of the organic waste. In the present invention, steam means water vapor. The steam boiler 20 is composed of a steam valve 11, a drain valve 10, a safety valve 13, a water supply port 16, a water level gauge 17, a pressure display and sensor 14, a natural gas burner 18, a methane gas burner 19, a flue gas outlet 15, a flue 97, and the like. Component composition.

 In addition, the steam boiler 20 includes a furnace for burning combustibles, the natural gas burner 18, the tortoise gas burner 19 is located in the furnace, the natural gas burner is capable of independently maintaining combustion, and the formazan burner 19 is used. The combustible gas contained in the mixed gas discharged from the heating drum 62 is burned.

 The steam valve 11 is connected via a pipe 12 to a steam inlet 8 of a heat storage tank 7 for storing steam generated by the steam boiler 20. The heat storage tank 7 has a steam outlet, and the steam outlet is provided with a steam valve 5, and the heat storage tank 7 can also be equipped with a safety valve 4, a pressure display and a sensor 6, a drain valve 9, and the like.

The steam valve 5 of the heat storage tank 7 is connected to a steam flue gas mixer 32 through a pipe, and the steam flue gas mixer 32 is used to mix the steam and the flue gas and then deliver it to the heating drum 62. The steam flue gas mixer 32 has a steam inlet 31 for inputting steam from the heat storage tank 7, and a flue gas inlet 30 for inputting steam from the steam pot. The smoke of the furnace. The steam-smoke mixer 32 delivers a steam-smoke mixture gas to the heating drum 62 through a mixing port 43.

 The flue gas inlet 30 of the steam flue gas mixer 32 is connected to the flue 97 of the steam boiler, and a flue gas valve 50 is installed above the junction with the flue 97. The steam inlet 31 of the steam-smoke mixer 32 is connected to the steam outlet 5 of the heat storage tank 7. The steam flue gas mixer 32 is a venturi tube, and the venturi tube is a well-known device.

 A mixed gas three-way valve 29 is mounted on the outer transfer pipe 23, and both ends of the mixed three-way valve 29 are connected to the outer transfer pipe 23, and the other end is connected to the mixed gas port 43 of the steam flue gas mixer 32 through a pipe. The outer duct 23 is provided with a compressed air three-way valve 28, and both ends of the compressed air three-way valve 28 are connected to the outer duct 23, and the other end is connected to the air outlet 25 of the compressed air tank 24 through a duct. A compressed air tank 24 is used to blow the raw material into the heating drum. The intake port 26 of the compressed air tank 24 is connected to the air outlet of the air compressor 33. There is a pressure display and sensor 27 on the compressed air tank 24.

 A steam flow meter 100 and a steam pressure balance valve 99 are provided on the pipe between the steam valve 5 of the heat storage tank 7 and the steam inlet 31 of the steam flue gas mixer 32, respectively, for measuring and adjusting the rate of transporting steam, respectively. .

 The dust removing device 2 is connected to the dust removing duct 58 through the dust removing duct 3. The dust removing device 2 of this embodiment employs a well-known pulse type bag filter.

 The operation of the complete apparatus of the present invention is controlled by the control cabinet 1. The control cabinet 1 realizes energy conversion, temperature adjustment, device control, etc. through a power switch, a temperature control knob, a power selection button, an internal control circuit, etc., and the control cabinet 1 has the following functions:

 1) Detection function: Oscillation signal detection, current detection, voltage detection, steam pressure detection, compressed air pressure detection, heating chamber 61 temperature detection, electromagnetic coil 82 temperature detection, discharge bin 37 temperature detection, electrical equipment room 83 temperature detection. Heating chamber 61 central temperature inspection

2) Control functions: current control, steam pressure control, compressed air pressure control, heating chamber 61 temperature control, solenoid coil 82 temperature control, discharge bin 37 temperature control, electrical equipment room 83 temperature control, steam boiler 20 operation control, heating Rotary drum 62 speed control, heating drum 62 rotation direction control, material conveying equipment 22 operation control, dust removal equipment 2 Line control, discharge fan 75 operation control, exhaust fan 96 control, air compressor 33 control.

 3) Display function: heating chamber 61 temperature, heating chamber 61 central temperature, discharge bin 37 temperature, electrical equipment room 83 temperature, electromagnetic coil 82 temperature, steam pressure, drive device 77 operation stop, steam boiler 20 operation stop, material transportation When the operation of the equipment 22 is stopped, the operation of the dust removal device 2 is stopped, the operation of the discharge fan 75 is stopped, the operation of the exhaust fan 96 is stopped, the operation of the air compressor 33 is stopped, the rotation speed of the heating drum 62, and the rotation speed of the discharge fan 75 are performed.

 4) Protection function: over temperature protection, current over current protection, voltage over voltage under voltage protection, leakage flux protection, steam over pressure protection.

 The above-mentioned apparatus for the present invention is used for the pyrolysis, carbonization, and activation of organic matter in an oxygen-free environment, and the operation procedure for producing agricultural charcoal (Agnchar) is as follows. The following describes the operation method using animal feces as an example:

 (1) conveying the animal waste to be processed into the supply bin 21;

 (2) Start the discharge fan 75; start the dust removal device 1;

 (3) adding softened water to the steam boiler 20 to a prescribed water level;

 (4) Starting the air compressor 33 to inflate the compressed air tank 24;

 (5) delivering water to the mixed gas purification processing device 72;

 (6) Opening the compressed air three-way valve 28 to the material conveying pipe 23, and opening the steam flue gas three-way valve 29 to the material conveying pipe 23;

 (7) After the above work is ready, the driving device 77 is activated to cause the heating roller 62 to operate at a speed of 5 r/min in a clockwise direction as viewed from the end of the mixed gas purification processing device 72;

(8) Starting the material conveying device 22, the animal droppings in the feeding bin 21 are passed through the material conveying pipe 23, the compressed air three-way valve 28, the steam flue gas three-way valve 29, the rotary joint 44, and the inner conveying pipe 45 into the heating roller. 62 inside. After the animal feces are delivered, the compressed air three-way valve 28 is rotated until the air outlet of the compressed air tank 24 communicates with the material conveying pipe 23 on the side of the rotary joint 44, and the air outlet valve 25 is opened to convey the material on the side of the rotary joint 44. The animal feces in the duct 23 are blown to the middle of the heating drum 62, and then the outlet valve 25 is closed. The rotation speed of the heating roller 62 was adjusted to a speed of 1 to 2 r/min.

(9) Power is supplied to the power conversion device 81. A high-frequency current is generated by a component of the electronic circuit board in the power conversion device 81, and the alternating current of 50 Hz/60 Hz is turned into a straight line by the rectifier circuit. The current voltage is converted into a high-frequency current through a control circuit, and a high-frequency alternating magnetic field is formed by the electromagnetic coil 82. When the magnetic field lines in the magnetic field pass through the heating portion of the heating roller 62, an alternating current (ie, eddy current) is generated. The eddy current causes the iron molecules of the heating roller 62 to move at a high speed and irregularly, and the molecules collide with each other, and the heat generated by the friction causes the heating roller 62 to rapidly heat up by itself, and the heat generated by the heating roller 62 is transmitted to the animals in the heating roller 62. stool.

 (10) The animal droppings in the heating roller 62 are continuously turned and heated by the flip member 63. When the temperature of the heating chamber 61 rises to 200 to 250 ° C, the moisture in the animal feces in the heating drum 62 starts to evaporate, generating water vapor. When the temperature of the heating chamber 61 rises to 500 to 650 ° C, the organic matter in the organic waste in the heating drum 62 starts to decompose and vaporize, and a gas containing combustible components such as formazan, acetamidine or carbon monoxide is generated.

 (11) The mixed gas formed by the water vapor in the heating drum 62 and the gas containing the combustible component enters the mixed gas purification processing apparatus through the exhaust pipe 64, the rotary joint 68, and the mixed gas pipe 70 by the discharge fan. The mixed gas purification treatment equipment is a well-known product - a spray tower. The moisture in the mixed gas in the mixed gas purification treatment apparatus is subjected to a shower treatment to become condensed water, and is discharged through the drain port 74 of the mixed gas purification processing equipment. The combustible gas such as formazan or acetamidine in the mixed gas is sent to the krypton gas burner 19 of the steam boiler 20 through the combustible gas outlet 71 of the mixed gas evolution processing equipment, the discharge fan 75, and the combustible gas pipeline 98.

 (12) Due to the instability of formazan gas generated during the pyrolysis of organic waste, steam boilers need to use natural gas burners to keep the fire source in the furnace, ignite the gas, and ensure that the gas is in the steam boiler. It can be burned safely and reliably to avoid fire, deflagration and so on. When the generated combustible gas is insufficient in heat, it is supplemented by a natural gas burner to ensure sufficient steam and flue gas during the activation.

(13) When the temperature of the heating chamber 61 reaches 650 to 750 ° C, the steam flue gas three-way valve is rotated to the steam flue gas mixture outlet 43 to communicate with the material conveying pipe on the side of the rotary joint 44; The valve 50 is turned down to open the steam valve 5 of the heat storage tank 7. The steam enters the steam-gas mixing device 32 through the steam line 101, the steam pressure balancing valve 99, the steam flow meter 100, and the steam inlet 31. The ratio of the volume of the input steam to the weight of the carbon in the heating drum 62 is 500 to 700 m ³ : lt (ton). Under the negative pressure generated when steam flows through the venturi, Flue gas enters the steam flue gas mixing device 32 from the flue gas inlet 30. The ratio of the diameter of the steam inlet 31 to the flue gas inlet 30 of the steam flue gas mixing device 32 is 1:2. After the steam and the flue gas are mixed in the venturi pipe, the steam flue gas mixture gas outlet 43, the rotary joint 44, and the inner conveying pipe 45 enter the heating drum to activate the carbon generated by the pyrolysis of the organic waste to increase the carbon pores. After the steam flue gas mixture is input for 15 to 30 minutes, the power of the power conversion device 81 is first turned off. The steam valve 5 is closed when the temperature in the heating chamber 61 is lowered to 600 to 700 °C.

 (14) When the temperature in the heating chamber 61 drops to 200 to 300 ° C, first, the rotation of the heating roller 62 is stopped, and then the rotation direction of the heating roller 62 is changed, so that the heating roller 62 is viewed from the end of the mixed gas purification processing device 72, Operate counterclockwise at 5r/min. The carbon in the heating roller 62 is pushed by the flipping plate 63 to the rear end of the heating roller 62 to enter the discharging plate 84; under the action of the discharging plate 84, the carbon enters the discharging roller 47; Under the action of the spiral guide plate 41 in the drum 47, it enters the discharge chamber 46 and is deposited at the bottom of the discharge chamber 46. When the discharge port 39 of the discharge chamber 46 is turned to the lower portion, the discharge chamber 46 is placed. When the nozzle 39 is facing downward, the cover 38 is opened downward by the action of gravity, and the carbon at the bottom of the discharge chamber 46 is discharged from the discharge port 39, enters the discharge bin 37, and is discharged from the discharge port below the discharge bin 37. 36 discharge.

 (15) When the heating roller 62 is operated or discharged, a small amount of dust is introduced from the heating drum 62, the discharge drum 47, the discharge port 39 of the discharge chamber 46 into the discharge bin 37, and then from the discharge drum 47. The seal between the discharge bin 37 and the discharge bin 37 is leaked to the discharge compartment 51. The dust leaking into the discharge compartment 51 will enter the dust collector 2 through the dust removal port 53, the dust removal duct 58, and the dust removal duct 3. The heavier dust leaking into the discharge compartment 51 falls through the slag discharge port 87 below the discharge compartment 51 into the slag discharge tank 35 in the slag discharge chamber 96.

 (16) During operation, if the temperature between the electrical equipment room 83 or the electromagnetic coil 82 is high, the exhaust fan 96 is activated to dissipate heat.

Claims

Rights request

A method for preparing agricultural carbon using organic matter, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

 Transporting the organic matter to a heating device;

 Heating the organic matter with the heating device to decompose the organic matter to generate carbon and a mixed gas, and discharging the mixed gas;

 While heating the heating device, steam and flue gas are delivered to the heating device, and the generated carbon is activated for a period of time to generate the agricultural carbon; wherein the steam is water vapor The flue gas is generated after the combustible is burned.

 2. The method for preparing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 1, wherein the water in the steam boiler is heated by heat generated by combustion of the combustible material, and the combustible material is combusted to generate the flue gas. The steam in the steam boiler is heated to evaporate to form the steam.

3. The method for preparing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 1, wherein a ratio of a volume of steam input to the heating device to carbon generated in the heating device is 500 to 700 m ³ : lt.

 4. The method of preparing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 1, wherein the heating temperature is 650 to 750 ° C, and the activation time is 15 to 30 minutes.

 5. The method of preparing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 1, wherein the heating device flips the organic matter during heating.

 A method of producing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 2, wherein the combustible gas contained in the mixed gas discharged from the heating device is sent to the steam boiler for combustion.

 7. The method for preparing agricultural carbon using organic matter according to claim 6, wherein the steam boiler comprises a furnace for burning combustibles, and simultaneously combusting into the furnace while burning can independently maintain combustion. The combustible material and the combustible gas contained in the mixed gas discharged from the heating device.

8. The method for preparing agricultural carbon using organic matter according to claim 7, wherein the combustible material capable of independently maintaining combustion is natural gas, which is burned by a natural gas. The burner is burned.

 9. The method of preparing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 2, wherein the steam and the flue gas are mixed and input into the heating device.

 10. A method of producing agricultural carbon using organic matter according to claim 9, wherein said steam and fumes are mixed through a venturi.

 11. An apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon using organic matter, comprising: a heating chamber for heating the organic matter, decomposing the organic matter, generating carbon and a mixed gas, and mixing the mixed gas Discharge

 a steam boiler for generating steam and flue gas, and delivering the steam and flue gas to the heating chamber to activate the generated carbon for a period of time to generate the agricultural carbon, wherein

 The steam is water vapor, and the flue gas is generated after combustion of combustibles.

 12. The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon using organic matter according to claim 11, wherein the steam boiler is connected to the heating chamber through a steam flue gas mixer, and the steam flue gas mixer is used to The steam and flue gas generated by the steam boiler are mixed.

 13. Apparatus for the preparation of agricultural carbon using organic matter according to claim 12, wherein said steam flue gas mixer is a venturi.

 14. The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 12, wherein the steam boiler is connected to a heat storage tank, and the heat storage tank is connected to the steam flue gas mixer, the heat storage. The tank is used to store steam generated by the steam boiler.

 15. The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 14, wherein a steam flow meter and a steam pressure balance valve are provided on a pipe between the heat storage tank and the steam flue gas mixer, respectively. To measure and adjust the rate at which steam is delivered.

 16. The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 12, wherein a heating drum is mounted in the heating chamber, the heating roller has a cylindrical shape, and is rotatable about the central axis thereof with respect to the heating chamber. Rotation is performed, and the heating roller is for accommodating and heating the organic matter.

17. The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 16, wherein the heating drum has an exhaust pipe for outputting the decomposition of the organic matter. The gas is mixed, and the apparatus further includes a mixed gas purification treatment device for filtering the mixed gas to generate a combustible gas, and the combustible gas is piped to the steam boiler for combustion.

 18. The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon using organic matter according to claim 17, wherein said steam boiler comprises a furnace for burning combustibles, said furnace including a burner capable of independently supporting combustion and a use A burner for combusting combustible gases from the heating drum.

 The apparatus for producing agricultural carbon using an organic substance according to claim 17, wherein the mixed gas purification treatment apparatus is a spray tower.

 The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon by using an organic material according to claim 16, wherein a plurality of rows of flip plates are mounted on the inner wall of the heating drum, and each of the rows of flip plates is composed of a plurality of flip plates. The flip-up plate is configured to flip the loaded organic matter when the heating roller rotates.

 21. The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon using organic matter according to claim 20, wherein there is an expansion joint between the two rows of flip plates, each of which has a plane and a slope. It is composed of a triangle having an angle of 5° to 20°, in which the plane of each row of the flip plates is horizontally arranged, and the tip end of the triangle faces the end for discharging agricultural carbon.

 22. The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 16, wherein the both ends of the heating chamber and the outer wall of the top are covered with a heat insulating material.

 The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 16, wherein a lower semicircular electromagnetic coil is coated on a lower half of the heating roller, and the electromagnetic coil is used to generate a high frequency Alternating magnetic field.

 The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon by using an organic material according to claim 23, wherein an electric equipment room is disposed under the heating chamber, and the electric equipment room is electrically connected to the electromagnetic coil. A power conversion device for supplying high frequency alternating current to the electromagnetic coil.

The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon by using an organic material according to claim 24, wherein a ventilation grille door is arranged on both sides of the electric equipment, and an exhaust fan for dissipating heat is installed in the ventilation grille door.

The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon by using an organic material according to claim 23, wherein an upper surface of the electromagnetic coil is covered with a ceramic plate, and a gap is formed between a lower half of the heating roller and the ceramic plate. .

 The apparatus for producing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 26, wherein the gap is 1 to 5 mm.

 The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon by using an organic material according to claim 16, wherein one end of the heating drum is a conical cylinder, and an inner diameter of an inner end of the conical cylinder is larger than an inner diameter of the outer end, the cone a discharge body for discharging the agricultural carbon is provided in the cylinder

The apparatus for producing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 28, wherein the outer end of the tapered cylinder is fixedly coupled to a discharge drum. The discharge drum is also cylindrical, and has an inner diameter equal to the inner diameter of the outer end of the tapered cylinder for conveying the agricultural carbon discharged from the heating drum to the outside.

 30. The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon by using an organic material according to claim 29, wherein the discharge drum is provided with a spiral guide plate for conveying agricultural carbon to the outside when the discharge drum rotates. .

 31. The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon using organic matter according to claim 30, wherein the outer end of the discharge drum sequentially passes through a roller chamber and a discharge chamber, and extends into a discharge bin. And connected to a discharge chamber disposed in the discharge bin for receiving the agricultural carbon discharged by the discharge drum.

 32. The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 31, wherein a discharge port is disposed on an outer side wall of the discharge chamber, and a discharge opening is mounted on the discharge opening.

 33. The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 31, wherein the idler chamber is for accommodating a roller and a support ring, and the support ring is disposed on a circumference of an outer wall of the discharge drum, The support ring is in meshing engagement with the idler roller, the support ring and the idler roller for supporting the discharge roller and enabling it to rotate about its axis.

34. The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 31, wherein the discharge chamber is located between the discharge bin and the roller chamber, and has metal doors on both sides thereof. The top is provided with a dust removal port, which is connected with a dust removal duct for dust removal between materials.

35. The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 31, further comprising an inner conveying pipe axially inserted into the discharging drum from an outer side wall of the discharging bin, And extending into the heating drum for conveying the organic material into the heating drum.

 36. The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 35, wherein a feed nozzle of the inner conveying pipe is connected to an outer conveying pipe through a rotary joint, and the outer conveying pipe is connected to a material conveying device. The material conveying device is configured to push the organic material into the heating drum through the outer conveying pipe and the inner conveying pipe.

 37. Apparatus for the preparation of agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 36, wherein the inner delivery tube has a discharge end having a diameter greater than a diameter of the feed end.

 38. The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon by using an organic material according to claim 36, wherein the outer conveying pipe is further provided with a mixed gas three-way valve, both ends of the mixed gas three-way valve and the outer conveying pipe The other end is connected to the gas outlet of the steam flue gas mixer through a pipe to supply the steam flue gas mixed gas to the heating drum.

 The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon by using an organic material according to claim 36, wherein the outer conveying pipe is further provided with a compressed air three-way valve, both ends of the compressed air three-way valve and the outer conveying pipe The other end is connected to the outlet of a compressed air tank through a pipe, and the compressed air tank is used to blow the organic material into the heating drum.

 40. The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 16, wherein an end of the heating roller opposite to an end connected to the discharge drum is connected to a driving roller for driving the heating. The drum rotates.

 The apparatus for producing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 40, wherein the driving roller drives the heating roller to rotate at a speed of 2 to 5 r/min.

 42. The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon by using an organic material according to claim 40, wherein the driving drum is disposed in a driving device room, and a driving device is installed in the driving device room, and is driven by a motor in the driving device. The drum rotates in the forward and reverse directions.

43. The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 42, wherein the driving drum is externally mounted with a support ring and a driving gear, and the supporting ring is supported by a support On the roller, the drive gear engages with the drive.

 44. The apparatus for preparing agricultural carbon using an organic material according to claim 43, wherein the driving drum is coated with a heat insulating material.