WO2012136062A1 - 组播路径切换方法及路由器 - Google Patents

组播路径切换方法及路由器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012136062A1
WO2012136062A1 PCT/CN2011/082389 CN2011082389W WO2012136062A1 WO 2012136062 A1 WO2012136062 A1 WO 2012136062A1 CN 2011082389 W CN2011082389 W CN 2011082389W WO 2012136062 A1 WO2012136062 A1 WO 2012136062A1
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Prior art keywords
multicast
path
router
unicast
old
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PCT/CN2011/082389
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
于云福
杨东冬
杜小珍
陈重
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2012136062A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012136062A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/16—Multipoint routing

Definitions

  • Multicast path switching method and router The present application claims priority to Chinese patent application filed on April 2, 2011, the Chinese Patent Office, the application number is CN 201110084053.2, and the invention name is "multicast path switching method and router". The content is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the embodiments of the present invention relate to communication technologies, and in particular, to a multicast path switching method and a router.
  • IP (Internet Protocol) multicast technology implements point-to-multipoint efficient data transmission in IP networks. Its core is to put the message copying work as close as possible to the receiver. It can effectively save network bandwidth and reduce network load, and the user scale can be flexibly changed. The increase in user scale will not cause bandwidth pressure on the network. Currently, it has a wide range of applications in real-time data transmission, multimedia conferencing, data copying, gaming and simulation.
  • a shared tree established by PIM-SM (Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode) or PIM-SSM (Protocol Independent Multicast-Source-Specific Multicast) Broadcast) The shortest path tree established. During the establishment process, you need to find the unicast route to determine the upstream interface, such as the interface to the source or RP (rendezvous point), and then send the JOIN to the upstream router, such as the unicast next hop router to the source or RP. (Join a multicast group) message. When the unicast route is changed, in order to ensure that the multicast service is not interrupted, the original forwarding tree can be seamlessly switched to the new forwarding tree. The existing technical solution is that the route switching does not lose packets.
  • the original multicast traffic is forwarded along the direction of Router A ⁇ Router D ⁇ Router B ⁇ Router C.
  • Router B finds that the better path is Router B ⁇ Router A.
  • Router B continues to receive multicast traffic forwarded by Router D, and sends a JOIN message to Router A to establish a new forwarding tree.
  • Router B sends a PRUNE message to Router D to forward the multicast forwarding table.
  • the interface is modified to the interface that Router B connects to Router A. Router B then starts to receive multicast traffic from the new upstream router A.
  • Router B starts routing switching after receiving the multicast traffic of the new upstream router A, if the old unicast path fails.
  • the above route switching method will prolong the interruption of the multicast service.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a multicast path switching method and a router, which are used to solve the problem that the existing route switching method has a long service interruption time in the case of the old unicast path failure, and can shorten the multicast in the case of the old path failure.
  • the time of business interruption is used to solve the problem that the existing route switching method has a long service interruption time in the case of the old unicast path failure, and can shorten the multicast in the case of the old path failure. The time of business interruption.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a multicast path switching method, including:
  • a router When a router perceives a unicast path change through a unicast routing protocol, it determines whether the upstream router in the new multicast path is the same as the upstream router in the old multicast path through the multicast routing protocol.
  • the multicast router Determining, by the multicast routing protocol, that the upstream router of the new multicast path is different from the upstream router of the old multicast path, determining whether the old unicast path is reachable by using the unicast routing protocol; When the data is reachable, the multicast router continues to receive the multicast stream from the upstream router of the old multicast path. When receiving the multicast data from the upstream router of the new multicast path, the switch is switched to receive from the upstream router of the new multicast path. Multicast stream
  • the multicast routing protocol directly switches to receive the multicast stream from the upstream router of the new multicast path.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a router, including: a unicast routing protocol module and a multicast routing protocol module;
  • the unicast routing protocol module is configured to detect whether a unicast path changes
  • the multicast routing protocol module is configured to determine, when the unicast routing protocol module detects a unicast path change, whether the upstream router in the new multicast path is the same as the upstream router in the old multicast path; the unicast route The protocol module is further configured to determine, when the upstream router of the new multicast path is different from the upstream router of the old multicast path, that the old unicast path is No reachable;
  • the multicast routing protocol module is further configured to: when the unicast routing protocol module determines that the old unicast path is reachable, continue to receive a multicast stream from an upstream router of the old multicast path, when When receiving the multicast data, the upstream router of the new multicast path switches to receive the multicast stream from the upstream router of the new multicast path; when the unicast routing protocol module determines that the old unicast path is unreachable, Directly switching to receiving a multicast stream from an upstream router of the new multicast path.
  • the multicast path switching method and the router in the embodiment of the present invention after the unicast route is changed, the router determines that the upstream interface in the new multicast path is different from the upstream interface in the old multicast path, and the router passes the multicast routing protocol.
  • the unicast routing protocol determines whether the recorded old unicast path to the multicast source is reachable to determine whether the unicast path change is due to the new unicast path recovery or the old unicast path failure.
  • the switchover is to receive the multicast stream from the new multicast path; If the broadcast path is unreachable, the switch directly receives the multicast stream from the new multicast path, so that the multicast data can be received on the new upstream router, and the multicast path is avoided in the process of switching the multicast path caused by the link failure.
  • the handover method causes a shortcoming in the interruption of the multicast service.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for switching a multicast path according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2A is a flowchart of a method for switching a multicast path according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2B is a flowchart of FIG. Schematic diagram of the application scenario of the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for switching a multicast path according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of a scenario of a scenario of the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3A;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a trunking structure of a router according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a trunking structure of a router according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a trunking structure of a router according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a multicast path switching method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment includes:
  • the router automatically collects topology information in the entire network through a unicast routing protocol to generate a link state database of the entire network.
  • the Shortest Path First (SPF) algorithm determines the unicast path to each node of the entire network and records the unicast path to the multicast source.
  • the multicast routing protocol determines whether the upstream router in the new multicast path is the same as the upstream router in the old multicast path.
  • the router determines whether the old unicast path is reachable by using a unicast routing protocol, where the old multicast path refers to the current forwarding multicast stream. Multicast path.
  • the router determines the new unicast path to the multicast source through the unicast routing protocol, and determines the upstream router in the new multicast path through the multicast routing protocol. If the upstream router of the new multicast path is different from the upstream router of the old multicast path, determine whether the old unicast path is reachable through the unicast routing protocol to determine that the multicast path changes due to the old unicast path failure. , or because the new unicast path link recovers I from the multicast path change.
  • the unicast routing protocol is a link state protocol and has the capability of acquiring topology information of the entire network.
  • the router generates a link state database according to the collected new network topology relationship through the unicast routing protocol, and determines whether the old unicast path is reachable in the new network topology relationship through the link state database, and the judgment result is the old unicast.
  • the path reachability information is fed back to the multicast routing protocol.
  • the router When the old unicast path is reachable, the router continues to receive the multicast stream from the upstream router of the old multicast path through the multicast routing protocol. When receiving the multicast data from the upstream router of the new multicast path, the router switches to the new group. The upstream router of the broadcast path receives the multicast stream.
  • the router determines through the multicast routing protocol that the change of the unicast path is caused by link recovery.
  • the multicast stream is continuously received from the old multicast path.
  • the switchover is to receive the multicast stream from the new multicast path.
  • the multicast routing protocol may send a JOIN message to an upstream router in the new multicast path, and after receiving the multicast data sent by the new upstream router, send the message to the upstream router in the old multicast path. Pruning messages.
  • the router When the old unicast path is unreachable, the router directly switches to receive the multicast stream from the upstream router of the new multicast path through the multicast routing protocol.
  • the multicast routing protocol determines that the change of the unicast path is caused by the failure of the old unicast path.
  • the multicast path tangent method is adopted, that is, directly switching to receiving the multicast stream from the new multicast path.
  • the PRUNE message may be sent to the upstream router of the old multicast path to immediately cut off the old multicast forwarding tree, and then the JOIN message is sent to the upstream router of the new multicast path to establish a new multicast forwarding tree, and the new multicast forwarding path is prepared.
  • the upstream router receives multicast data, thereby reducing the time for service interruption in the event of a link failure.
  • the PRUNE message can be sent to the upstream router of the old multicast path to immediately cut off the old multicast forwarding tree and send to the upstream router of the new multicast path.
  • the JOIN message establishes a new multicast forwarding tree.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is also applicable to the linkage between the IGP (Interface Gateway Routing Protocol) and the LDP (Label Distribution Protocol).
  • IGP Interface Gateway Routing Protocol
  • LDP Label Distribution Protocol
  • the multicast path switching method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, after the unicast route is changed, the router determines that the upstream interface in the new multicast path is different from the upstream interface in the old multicast path, and the router passes the single
  • the broadcast routing protocol determines whether the recorded old unicast path to the multicast source is reachable based on the collected topology information, to determine whether the unicast path change is due to the new unicast path recovery or the old unicast path failure.
  • the switchover is to receive the multicast stream from the new multicast path; If the broadcast path is unreachable, the switch directly receives the multicast stream from the new multicast path, so that the multicast data can be received on the new upstream router, and the multicast path is avoided in the process of switching the multicast path caused by the link failure.
  • the handover method causes a shortcoming in the interruption of the multicast service.
  • the unicast routing protocol is associated with the multicast routing protocol, and the multicast path is switched back to the non-dropping condition when the old unicast link is not faulty;
  • the multicast path tangent does not affect the multicast convergence, and the multicast service interruption time is shortened in the case of the old unicast link failure.
  • FIG. 2A is a flow chart of a method for switching a multicast path according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the unicast routing protocol may be an IGP
  • the multicast routing protocol may be a PIM-SM protocol or a PIM-SSM protocol.
  • the multicast source is 1.2.3.4
  • Router C is the router directly connected to the receiver.
  • the unicast routing protocol and the multicast routing protocol on the router directly connected to the receiver are used as an example to describe how the unicast routing protocol and the multicast routing protocol are linked to implement the switching of the multicast path.
  • Router C records the unicast path router C->Router B->Router A of the multicast source 1.2.3.4 through the unicast routing protocol.
  • a multicast shortest path tree has been established throughout the multicast network.
  • the unicast path recorded by Router C through the unicast routing protocol is Router C->Router B->Router A (the direction of multicast join is opposite to the direction of traffic), and the receiver receives on Router A->Router B->Router C path Multicast data.
  • Router C senses that the unicast path of the multicast source changes through the unicast routing protocol.
  • the new unicast path is Router C -> Router D -> Router A.
  • Router C automatically collects topology information in the entire network through a unicast routing protocol to generate a link state database of the entire network.
  • the SPF algorithm is executed according to the link state database to determine and record the unicast route to the multicast source 1.2.3.4.
  • the unicast path to the multicast source 1.2.3.4 changes due to the link between the router A and the router D.
  • the unicast path changes to the router C -> router D -> router A.
  • the router C determines, according to the new unicast path, that the upstream interface of the router C in the multicast routing table changes from the interface connected to the router B to the interface connected to the router D through the multicast routing protocol.
  • Router C detects the recorded old unicast path router through unicast routing protocol -> router B-> router A is reachable in the collected new network topology relationship.
  • Router C continues to receive the multicast stream from Router B through the multicast routing protocol. When receiving the multicast data from Router D, it switches to receive the multicast stream from Router D.
  • the router C can send a JOIN message to the router D through the multicast routing protocol on the interface connected to the router D on the router C.
  • the router C can be connected to the router B on the router C through the multicast routing protocol.
  • the interface sends a JOIN message to Router B to maintain the old upstream interface and keep the upstream interface in the multicast forwarding table unchanged. This ensures that multicast data can continue to be forwarded through the old multicast forwarding tree.
  • the router C sends a JOIN message to the router D through the multicast routing protocol on the interface connected to the router D on the router C to establish a new multicast forwarding tree.
  • the router C When the router C receives the multicast data sent from the new upstream interface through the multicast forwarding plane, it sends a WRONGIF message to the PIMSSM to indicate that the multicast data arrives from the upstream interface of the non-multicast forwarding table. After receiving the WRONGIF message, the multicast routing protocol will detect that the new multicast forwarding tree has been successfully established, send a PRUNE message to the old router B, and then notify the multicast forwarding plane to modify the upstream interface in the multicast forwarding table to the new upstream interface. (Connected to Router D on Router C) Interface).
  • the unicast routing protocol is associated with the multicast routing protocol, and the multicast path is switched back to the point that the old unicast link does not fail.
  • FIG. 3A is a flowchart of a method for switching a multicast path according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3A.
  • the multicast source is 1.2.3.4
  • Router C is the router directly connected to the receiver
  • Router B is the router connected to Router C in the multicast path.
  • the unicast routing protocol and the multicast routing protocol on the router B are used as an example to describe how the unicast routing protocol and the multicast routing protocol are linked to implement the switching of the multicast path.
  • Router B records the unicast path of the multicast source 1.2.3.4 through the unicast routing protocol: Router B->Router A.
  • a multicast shortest path tree has been established throughout the multicast network.
  • the unicast path recorded by Router C through the unicast routing protocol is Router C->Router B->Router A (the direction of multicast join is opposite to the direction of traffic), and the receiver receives on Router A->Router B->Router C path Multicast data.
  • Router B detects that the unicast path of the multicast source changes through the unicast routing protocol.
  • the new unicast path is Router B->Router D->Router A.
  • the route from router B to multicast source 1.2.3.4 changes, and the unicast path changes to router B->router D->router A.
  • the route from Router C to the multicast source 1.2.3.4 changes, and the unicast path is changed to Router C -> Router B -> Router D -> Router A.
  • Router B determines that the upstream interface in the multicast routing table changes from the interface connected to Router A to the interface connected to Router D according to the new unicast route.
  • Router B detects the recorded old unicast path router through the unicast routing protocol.
  • B->Router A is unreachable on the collected new network topology.
  • Router B directly switches to receive the multicast stream from router D through the multicast routing protocol. Specifically, Router B may first send a PRUNE message to Router A, and then send a JOIN message to Router D. Router B can send a PRUNE message to Router A to immediately cut off the old multicast switch. Send a tree and send a JOIN message to Router D to establish a new multicast forwarding tree. The multicast forwarding plane is notified to immediately switch the upstream interface in the multicast forwarding table to the new upstream interface (the interface connected to router D on Router B).
  • the unicast routing protocol is associated with the multicast routing protocol, and the multicast path tangent is performed in the case that the old unicast link is faulty, so that the multicast service can be shortened if the old unicast link is faulty.
  • the time of interruption is associated with the multicast routing protocol
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a trunking structure of a router according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the embodiment includes: a unicast routing protocol module 41 and a multicast routing protocol module 42.
  • the unicast routing protocol module 41 is configured to detect whether the unicast path changes.
  • the multicast routing protocol module 42 is configured to determine whether the upstream router of the new multicast path is the same as the upstream router of the old multicast path when the unicast routing protocol module detects the change of the unicast path.
  • the unicast routing protocol module 41 is further configured to determine, by the multicast routing protocol module 42, whether the upstream unicast path is reachable when the upstream router of the new multicast path is different from the upstream router of the old multicast path.
  • the multicast routing protocol module 42 is further configured to: when the unicast routing protocol module 41 determines that the old unicast path is reachable, continue to receive the multicast stream from the upstream router of the old multicast path, when receiving from the upstream router of the new multicast path.
  • the switch receives the multicast stream from the upstream router of the new multicast path.
  • the unicast routing protocol module 41 determines that the old unicast path is unreachable, it directly switches to receiving the multicast stream from the upstream router of the new multicast path. .
  • the unicast routing protocol module 41 when the unicast routing protocol module 41 senses that the unicast path changes, the unicast routing protocol module 41 sends a unicast routing change notification message to the multicast routing protocol module 42. After receiving the unicast routing change notification message, the multicast routing protocol module 42 determines to send the old ticket to the unicast routing protocol module 41 when the upstream router of the new multicast path is different from the upstream router of the old multicast path. Broadcast path detection message. After receiving the old unicast path detection message, the unicast routing protocol module 41 determines whether the old unicast path is reachable according to the collected new topology information, and sends the old unicast route reachability information to the group. Broadcast routing protocol module 42.
  • the multicast routing protocol module 42 continues to receive the multicast stream from the upstream router of the old multicast path when the old unicast path is reachable.
  • the switch is to receive the multicast stream from the upstream router of the new multicast path; when the old unicast path is unreachable, directly switch to the upstream router receiving the group from the new multicast path. Broadcast.
  • the multicast routing protocol module determines that the upstream router in the new multicast path is different from the upstream router in the old multicast path, and the unicast routing protocol module collects according to the unicast routing protocol module.
  • the topology information obtained determines whether the recorded old unicast path to the multicast source is reachable to determine whether the unicast path change is due to the new unicast path recovery or the old unicast path failure.
  • the multicast routing protocol module continues to receive the multicast stream from the old multicast path, and when receiving the multicast data from the upstream router of the new multicast path, switches to receive the multicast stream from the new multicast path. If it is determined that the old unicast path is unreachable, it directly switches to receive the multicast stream from the new multicast path. The shortcoming of the multicast service interruption caused by the multicast path failback method in the process of the multicast path switch caused by the link failure is avoided.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a trunking structure of a router according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the unicast routing protocol module 41 includes: a unicast path sensing unit 411 and a path reachability detecting unit 412.
  • the multicast routing protocol module 42 includes: an upstream router determining unit 421, a failback unit 422, and a tangent unit 423. .
  • the unicast path sensing unit 411 is configured to detect whether the unicast path changes.
  • the upstream router determining unit 421 is configured to determine, when the unicast path sensing unit senses the unicast path, whether the upstream router of the new multicast path is the same as the upstream router of the old multicast path.
  • the path reachability detecting unit 412 is configured to determine, by the upstream router determining unit 421, that the upstream router of the new multicast path is different from the upstream router of the old multicast path, and the new topology relationship determines the old unicast Whether the path is reachable.
  • the unicast path sensing unit 411 is configured to send a unicast route change notification message to the upstream router determining unit 421 when the unicast path changes.
  • the upstream router determining unit 421 determines that the upstream router of the new multicast path is different from the upstream router of the old multicast path, and the path is
  • the reachability detecting unit 412 transmits the old unicast path detection message.
  • the path reachability detecting unit 412 is configured to determine, according to the collected new network topology relationship, whether the old unicast path is reachable, and send the old unicast route reachability information to the switch unit 422 and the tangent unit 423.
  • the failback unit 422 is configured to continue to receive the multicast stream from the old multicast path when the path reachability detecting unit 412 determines that the old unicast path is reachable, and switch when receiving the multicast data from the upstream router of the new multicast path. Receive multicast streams from the new multicast path.
  • the method is configured to send a join multicast group message to an upstream router in an old multicast path and an upstream router in a new multicast path, respectively, after receiving the multicast data sent by the new upstream router,
  • the upstream router in the old multicast path sends a prune message; or, sends a JOIN message to the upstream router in the new multicast path, and after receiving the multicast data sent by the new upstream router, to the old multicast
  • the upstream router in the path sends a prune message.
  • the tangent unit 423 is configured to directly switch to receive the multicast stream from the new multicast path when the path reachability detecting unit 412 determines that the old unicast path is unreachable. Specifically, sending a pruning message to an old upstream router in the old multicast path; sending a join multicast group message to a new upstream router in the new multicast path; or sending a pruning to an upstream router of the old multicast path The message is sent to the upstream router of the new multicast path to join the multicast group message.
  • the unicast routing protocol module 41 further includes: a recording unit 413, configured to record a unicast path to the multicast source. Specifically, when the unicast path sensing unit 411 senses that the unicast path of the multicast source changes, the unicast route change notification message is sent to the upstream router determining unit 421, and the recording unit 413 is notified to record the unicast path.
  • the path reachability detecting unit 412 determines whether the old unicast path recorded by the recording unit 413 is reachable according to the collected new network topology relationship, and sends the old unicast route reachability information to the switch unit 422 and the tangent unit 423.
  • the multicast path switchback can be achieved without packet loss; in the case of the old unicast link failure, the multicast path tangent is performed, so that the old unicast is performed. In the case of a link failure, the time for multicast service interruption can be shortened.
  • the foregoing program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes The foregoing steps of the method embodiment; and the foregoing storage medium includes: a medium that can store program codes, such as a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

Description

组播路径切换方法及路由器 本申请要求于 2011 年 4 月 2 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 CN 201110084053.2、 发明名称为 "组播路径切换方法及路由器" 的中国专利申请 的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及通信技术， 尤其涉及一种组播路径切换方法及路由器。
背景技术
IP ( Internet Protocol, 互联网协议）组播技术实现了 IP网络中点到多点 的高效数据传送， 它的核心就是把报文复制工作尽可能的放到离接收者最近 的地方来完成。 能有效地节约网络带宽、 降低网络负载， 且用户规模可以灵 活变化， 用户规模的增大不会对网络造成带宽压力。 目前在实时数据传送、 多媒体会议、 数据拷贝、 游戏和仿真等很多方面都有广泛的应用。
由 PIM-SM ( Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode, 十办议无关组播- 稀疏模式 ） 建立的共享树， 或由 PIM-SSM ( Protocol Independent Multicast-Source-Specific Multicast ,协议无关组播-指定源组播 )建立的最短路 径树。 其建立过程中均需要查找单播路由来确定上游接口， 例如朝向源或者 RP ( rendezvous point, 集合点） 的接口， 然后向上游路由器， 例如到达源或 者 RP的单播下一跳路由器， 发送 JOIN (加入组播组） 消息。 而当单播路由发 生变化时， 为了保证组播业务的不中断， 达到原有转发树到新转发树的无缝 切换， 现有一个的技术方案是路由切换不丟包， 举例来说： 如图 3B所示， 原 组播流量沿路由器 A→路由器 D→路由器 B→路由器 C方向转发。 路由器 A与路 由器 B之间的链路恢复后， 路由器 B发现更优的路径为路由器 B→路由器 A。 为 了在路由切换时不丟包， 路由器 B继续接收路由器 D转发的组播流量， 同时向 路由器 A发送加入 JOIN消息建立新的转发树。待 RTA将组播流量转给路由器 B 以后， 路由器 B再向路由器 D发送 PRUNE (剪枝）消息， 将组播转发表的上游 接口修改为路由器 B与路由器 A相连的接口， 然后路由器 B开始接收新上游路 由器 A的组播流量。
由于路由器 B在接收到新上游路由器 A的组播流量以后才开始路由切换， 如果在旧单播路径故障的情况下。 上述路由切换方法会延长组播业务中断的 时间。 发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种组播路径切换方法及路由器， 用以解决现有路由 切换方法在旧单播路径故障情况下业务故障中断时间较长的缺陷， 可以缩短 在旧路径故障情况下组播业务中断的时间。
本发明实施例提供一种组播路径切换方法， 包括：
路由器通过单播路由协议感知到单播路径变化时， 通过组播路由协议确 定在新组播路径的上游路由器与在旧组播路径的上游路由器是否相同；
通过所述组播路由协议确定在新组播路径的上游路由器与在旧组播路径 的上游路由器不相同时， 通过所述单播路由协议判断旧单播路径是否可达； 在旧单播路径可达时， 通过所述组播路由协议从旧组播路径的上游路由 器继续接收组播流， 当从新组播路径的上游路由器接收到组播数据时， 切换 为从新组播路径的上游路由器接收组播流；
在旧单播路径不可达时， 通过所述组播路由协议直接切换为从新组播路 径的上游路由器接收组播流。
本发明实施例提供一种路由器， 包括： 单播路由协议模块和组播路由协 议模块；
所述单播路由协议模块， 用于感知单播路径是否变化；
所述组播路由协议模块， 用于所述单播路由协议模块感知单播路径变化 时， 确定在新组播路径的上游路由器与在旧组播路径的上游路由器是否相同； 所述单播路由协议模块， 还用于所述组播路由协议模块确定在新组播路 径的上游路由器与在旧组播路径的上游路由器不相同时， 判断旧单播路径是 否可达；
所述组播路由协议模块， 还用于在所述单播路由协议模块确定所述旧单 播路径可达时， 从所述旧组播路径的上游路由器继续接收组播流， 当从所述 新组播路径的上游路由器接收到组播数据时， 切换为从所述新组播路径的上 游路由器接收组播流； 在所述单播路由协议模块确定所述旧单播路径不可达 时， 直接切换为从所述新组播路径的上游路由器接收组播流。
本发明实施例的组播路径切换方法及路由器， 单播路由变化后路由器通 过组播路由协议确定在新组播路径中的上游接口与在旧组播路径中的上游接 口不相同时， 路由器通过单播路由协议判断记录的到组播源的旧单播路径是 否可达， 以确定单播路径变化是由于新单播路径恢复还是由于旧单播路径故 障导致。 如果确定旧单播路径可达， 从旧组播路径继续接收组播流， 当从新 组播路径的上游路由器接收到组播数据时， 切换为从新组播路径接收组播流； 如果确定旧单播路径不可达， 则直接切换为从新组播路径接收组播流， 从而 可在新上游路由器接收组播数据， 避免了在由链路故障引起组播路径切换的 过程中， 采用组播路径回切换方法导致组播业务中断较长的缺陷。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案， 下面将对实 施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一筒单地介绍， 显而易见地， 下 面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例， 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲， 在 不付出创造性劳动性的前提下， 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1为本发明一个实施例提供的组播路径切换方法的筒化流程图； 图 2A为本发明又一个实施例提供的组播路径切换方法的筒化流程图； 图 2B为图 2A所示本发明实施例的应用场景筒化示意图；
图 3A为本发明再一个实施例提供的组播路径切换方法的筒化流程图； 图 3B为图 3A所示本发明实施例的应用场景筒化示意图；
图 4为本发明一个实施例提供的路由器的筒化结构示意图； 图 5为本发明又一个实施例提供的路由器的筒化结构示意图； 图 6为本发明再一个实施例提供的路由器的筒化结构示意图。 具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚， 下面将结合本发 明实施例中的附图， 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述， 显然， 所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例， 而不是全部的实施例。 基于 本发明中的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获 得的所有其他实施例， 都属于本发明保护的范围。
图 1为本发明一个实施例提供的组播路径切换方法的筒化流程图。如图 1 所示， 本实施例包括：
11 : 路由器通过单播路由协议感知到单播路径变化时， 通过组播路由协 议确定在新组播路径的路由器与在旧组播路径的路由器是否相同。
路由器通过单播路由协议自动搜集全网内的拓朴信息， 生成全网的链路 状态数据库。 根据链路状态数据库执行最短路径优先（Shortest Path First, 筒 称 SPF ) 算法确定到全网各个节点的单播路径并记录到组播源的单播路径。 路由器通过单播路由协议发现到达组播源的单播路径变化时， 通过组播路由 协议确定在新组播路径的上游路由器与在旧组播路径的上游路由器是否相 同。
12: 在新组播路径的上游路由器与在旧组播路径的上游路由器不相同时， 路由器通过单播路由协议判断旧单播路径是否可达， 该旧组播路径指当前转 发组播流的组播路径。
路由器通过单播路由协议确定到达组播源的新单播路径， 通过组播路由 协议确定在新组播路径的上游路由器。 确定在新组播路径的上游路由器与在 旧组播路径的上游路由器不相同时， 通过单播路由协议判断旧单播路径是否 可达， 以确定是由于旧单播路径故障导致组播路径变化， 还是由于新单播路 径链路恢复 I起组播路径变化。 单播路由协议为链路状态协议， 具有获取全网节点拓朴信息的能力。 路 由器通过单播路由协议根据收集到的新网络拓朴关系生成链路状态数据库， 通过链路状态数据库判断旧单播路径在新网络拓朴关系上是否可达， 并将判 断结果即旧单播路径可达性信息反馈给组播路由协议。
13: 在旧单播路径可达时， 路由器通过组播路由协议从旧组播路径的上 游路由器继续接收组播流， 当从新组播路径的上游路由器接收到组播数据时， 切换为从新组播路径的上游路由器接收组播流。
旧单播路径可达时， 路由器通过组播路由协议确定单播路径的变化是由 链路恢复所引起。 为实现组播回切不丟包， 继续从旧组播路径接收组播流， 当从新组播路径的上游路由器接收到组播数据时， 切换为从新组播路径接收 组播流。举例来说，组播路由协议可以向新组播路径中的上游路由器发送 JOIN 消息， 在接收到所述新上游路由器发送的组播数据后， 向在所述旧组播路径 中的上游路由器发送剪枝消息。 或者， 向新组播路径和旧组播路径中的上游 路由器都发送 JOIN消息， 在接收到所述新上游路由器发送的组播数据后， 向 在所述旧组播路径中的上游路由器发送剪枝消息。 这样一来， 既可以使组播 数据继续通过旧组播转发树转发， 还可以建立新的组播转发树。 在接收到新 组播路径中的上游路由器转发的组播数据后， 再向旧组播路径中的上游路由 器发送剪枝（PRUNE )消息， 从而可以避免组播路径切换过程中的丟包问题。
14: 在旧单播路径不可达时， 路由器通过组播路由协议直接切换为从新 组播路径的上游路由器接收组播流。
旧单播路径不可达时， 组播路由协议确定单播路径的变化是由旧单播路 径故障所导致， 采用组播路径正切方法， 即直接切换为从新组播路径接收组 播流。举例来说， 可以先向旧组播路径的上游路由器发送 PRUNE消息立即剪 断旧组播转发树，再向新组播路径的上游路由器发送 JOIN消息建立新组播转 发树， 准备从新组播路径的上游路由器接收组播数据， 从而缩短在链路故障 情况下业务中断的时间。 又举例来说， 可以向旧组播路径的上游路由器发送 PRUNE 消息立即剪断旧组播转发树， 同时向新组播路径的上游路由器发送 JOIN消息建立新组播转发树。
需要说明的是， 本发明实施例提供的方法也可适于 IGP ( Internal Gateway Protocal, 内部网关路由协议 )与 LDP ( Label Distribution Protocol, 标签分发 协议）联动。 在远端链路发生变化时， 在 IGP检测到旧路径可达时， LDP维 护之前的 LDP Seesion , 直到新的 LDP Seesion建立。 在 IGP检测到旧路径不 可达时， LDP直接建立新的 LDP Seesion„
本发明实施例提供的组播路径切换方法， 单播路由变化后路由器通过组 播路由协议确定在新组播路径中的上游接口与在旧组播路径中的上游接口不 相同时， 路由器通过单播路由协议根据收集到的拓朴信息判断记录的到组播 源的旧单播路径是否可达， 以确定单播路径变化是由于新单播路径恢复还是 由于旧单播路径故障导致。 如果确定旧单播路径可达， 从旧组播路径继续接 收组播流， 当从新组播路径的上游路由器接收到组播数据时， 切换为从新组 播路径接收组播流； 如果确定旧单播路径不可达， 则直接切换为从新组播路 径接收组播流， 从而可在新上游路由器接收组播数据， 避免了在由链路故障 引起组播路径切换的过程中， 采用组播路径回切换方法导致组播业务中断较 长的缺陷。 本发明实施例， 通过单播路由协议与组播路由协议的联动， 在旧 单播链路没有故障的情况下进行组播路径回切达到不丟包的目的； 在旧单播 链路故障的情况下进行组播路径正切达到不影响组播收敛的目的， 从而在旧 单播链路故障的情况下缩短了组播业务中断的时间。
图 2A为本发明又一个实施例提供的组播路径切换方法的筒化流程图，图
2B为图 2A所示本发明实施例的应用场景筒化示意图。 本发明实施例中单播 路由协议可为 IGP,组播路由协议可为 PIM-SM协议，也可为 PIM-SSM协议。 如图 2B所示， 组播源为 1.2.3.4, 路由器 C为与接收者直连的路由器。 本实施 例中以与接收者直连的路由器上的单播路由协议和组播路由协议为例， 说明 单播路由协议和组播路由协议如何进行联动以实现组播路径的切换。
21 : 路由器 C通过单播路由协议记录到组播源 1.2.3.4的单播路径路由器 C->路由器 B->路由器 A。 整个组播网络已经建立起一棵组播最短路径树。 路由器 C通过单播路由 协议记录的单播路径是路由器 C->路由器 B->路由器 A (组播加入方向与流量 方向相反） ， 接收者在路由器 A->路由器 B->路由器 C路径上接收组播数据。
22: 路由器 C通过单播路由协议感知到组播源的单播路径发生变化， 新 单播路径为路由器 C ->路由器 D->路由器 A。
路由器 C通过单播路由协议自动搜集全网内的拓朴信息， 生成全网的链 路状态数据库。 根据链路状态数据库执行 SPF 算法， 确定并记录到组播源 1.2.3.4的单播路由。 如图 2B所示， 由于路由器 A-路由器 D之间链路恢复， 到组播源 1.2.3.4的单播路径发生变化，单播路径改变为路由器 C ->路由器 D-> 路由器 A。
23: 路由器 C通过组播路由协议， 根据新单播路径确定路由器 C在组播 路由表中的上游接口从与路由器 B相连的接口变化为与路由器 D相连的接口。
24: 路由器 C通过单播路由协议检测到记录的旧单播路径路由器 ->路 由器 B->路由器 A在收集的新网络拓朴关系上可达，
25: 路由器 C通过组播路由协议从路由器 B继续接收组播流， 当从路由 器 D接收到组播数据时， 切换为从路由器 D接收组播流。
具体地， 路由器 C可通过组播路由协议， 在路由器 C上与路由器 D相连 的接口， 向路由器 D发送 JOIN消息， 另外， 路由器 C可通过组播路由协议， 在路由器 C上与路由器 B相连的接口， 向路由器 B发送 JOIN消息， 将旧上 游接口维持住， 并保持组播转发表中的上游接口不变， 从而保证组播数据可 继续通过旧组播转发树转发。 同时， 路由器 C通过组播路由协议， 在路由器 C上与路由器 D相连的接口， 向路由器 D发送 JOIN消息， 以建立新组播转 发树。 当路由器 C通过组播转发平面收到从新上游接口发来的组播数据时， 给 PIMSSM上 4艮一个 WRONGIF消息， 以表明组播数据从非组播转发表的上 游接口到来。 组播路由协议收到 WRONGIF消息后， 将感知到新组播转发树 已经建立成功， 向旧路由器 B发送 PRUNE消息， 然后通知组播转发平面将 组播转发表中的上游接口修改为新上游接口 （路由器 C上与路由器 D相连的 接口） 。
本发明实施例， 通过单播路由协议与组播路由协议的联动， 在旧单播链 路没有故障的情况下进行组播路径回切达到不丟包的目的。
图 3A为本发明再一个实施例提供的组播路径切换方法的筒化流程图，图 3B为图 3A所示本发明实施例的应用场景筒化示意图。如图 3B所示，组播源 为 1.2.3.4, 路由器 C为与接收者直连的路由器， 路由器 B为组播路径中与路 由器 C连接的路由器。 本实施例中以路由器 B上的单播路由协议和组播路由 协议为例， 说明单播路由协议和组播路由协议如何进行联动以实现组播路径 的切换。
31: 路由器 B通过单播路由协议记录组播源 1.2.3.4的单播路径： 路由器 B->路由器 A。
整个组播网络已经建立起一棵组播最短路径树。 路由器 C通过单播路由 协议记录的单播路径是路由器 C->路由器 B->路由器 A (组播加入方向与流量 方向相反） ， 接收者在路由器 A->路由器 B->路由器 C路径上接收组播数据。
32: 路由器 B通过单播路由协议感知到组播源的单播路径发生变化， 新 单播路径为路由器 B->路由器 D->路由器 A。
路由器 A-路由器 B之间链路故障后，路由器 B到组播源 1.2.3.4的路由发 生变化， 单播路径也相应改变为路由器 B->路由器 D->路由器 A。 同时， 路由 器 C到组播源 1.2.3.4的路由发生变化， 单播路径也相应改变为路由器 C ->路 由器 B->路由器 D->路由器 A。
33: 路由器 B通过组播路由协议， 根据新单播路径确定组播路由表中的 上游接口从与路由器 A相连的接口变化为与路由器 D相连的接口。
34: 路由器 B通过单播路由协议检测记录的旧单播路径路由器 B->路由 器 A在收集的新网络拓朴关系上不可达。
35: 路由器 B通过组播路由协议直接切换为从路由器 D接收组播流。 具体地， 路由器 B可先向路由器 A发送 PRUNE消息， 再向路由器 D发 送 JOIN消息。路由器 B可以向路由器 A发送 PRUNE消息立即剪断旧组播转 发树， 同时向路由器 D发送 JOIN消息建立新组播转发树。并通知组播转发平 面把组播转发表中的上游接口立即切换到新上游接口 （路由器 B上与路由器 D相连的接口 ) 。
本发明实施例， 通过单播路由协议与组播路由协议的联动， 在旧单播链 路故障的情况下进行组播路径正切， 从而可以在旧单播链路故障的情况下缩 短组播业务中断的时间。
图 4为本发明一个实施例提供的路由器的筒化结构示意图。 如图 4所示， 本实施例包括： 单播路由协议模块 41和组播路由协议模块 42。
单播路由协议模块 41 , 用于感知单播路径是否变化。
组播路由协议模块 42, 用于单播路由协议模块 41感知单播路径变化时， 确定在新组播路径的上游路由器与在旧组播路径的上游路由器是否相同。
上述单播路由协议模块 41 ,还用于组播路由协议模块 42确定在新组播路 径的上游路由器与在旧组播路径的上游路由器不相同时， 判断旧单播路径是 否可达。
上述组播路由协议模块 42,还用于在单播路由协议模块 41确定旧单播路 径可达时， 从旧组播路径的上游路由器继续接收组播流， 当从新组播路径的 上游路由器接收到组播数据时， 切换为从新组播路径的上游路由器接收组播 流； 在单播路由协议模块 41确定旧单播路径不可达时， 直接切换为从新组播 路径的上游路由器接收组播流。
具体地， 单播路由协议模块 41感知到单播路径变化时， 向组播路由协议 模块 42发送单播路由变更通知消息。 组播路由协议模块 42在接收到上述单 播路由变更通知消息后， 确定在新组播路径的上游路由器与在旧组播路径的 上游路由器不相同时， 向单播路由协议模块 41发送旧单播路径检测消息。 单 播路由协议模块 41在接收到上述旧单播路径检测消息后， 根据收集到的新拓 朴信息判断上述旧单播路径是否可达， 并将上述旧单播路由可达性信息发送 给组播路由协议模块 42。组播路由协议模块 42接收到上述旧单播路由可达性 信息后， 在旧单播路径可达时， 从旧组播路径的上游路由器继续接收组播流， 当从新组播路径的上游路由器接收到组播数据时， 切换为从新组播路径的上 游路由器接收组播流； 在旧单播路径不可达时， 直接切换为从新组播路径的 上游路由器接收组播流。
上述各模块的工作机理参见图 1对应实施例中描述， 在此不再赘述。 本发明实施例提供的路由器， 当单播路由变化时， 组播路由协议模块确 定在新组播路径中的上游路由器与在旧组播路径中的上游路由器不相同， 单 播路由协议模块根据收集到的拓朴信息判断记录的到组播源的旧单播路径是 否可达， 以确定单播路径变化是由于新单播路径恢复还是由于旧单播路径故 障导致。 如果确定旧单播路径可达， 组播路由协议模块从旧组播路径继续接 收组播流， 当从新组播路径的上游路由器接收到组播数据时， 切换为从新组 播路径接收组播流； 如果确定在旧单播路径不可达时， 直接切换为从新组播 路径接收组播流。 避免了在由链路故障引起组播路径切换的过程中， 采用组 播路径回切方法导致组播业务中断较长的缺陷。
图 5为本发明又一个实施例提供的路由器的筒化结构示意图。 如图 5所 示， 单播路由协议模块 41包括： 单播路径感知单元 411和路径可达检测单元 412, 组播路由协议模块 42包括： 上游路由器确定单元 421、 回切单元 422和 正切单元 423。
单播路径感知单元 411 , 用于感知所述单播路径是否变化。
上游路由器确定单元 421 , 用于单播路径感知单元感知到所述单播路径 时， 确定在所述新组播路径的上游路由器与在所述旧组播路径的上游路由器 是否相同。
路径可达检测单元 412,用于上游路由器确定单元 421确定在所述新组播 路径的上游路由器与在所述旧组播路径的上游路由器不相同时， 新拓朴关系 判断所述旧单播路径是否可达。
具体， 单播路径感知单元 411 , 用于感知到单播路径变化时， 向上游路由 器确定单元 421发送单播路由变更通知消息。 上游路由器确定单元 421 , 确定 在新组播路径的上游路由器与在旧组播路径的上游路由器不相同时， 向路径 可达检测单元 412发送旧单播路径检测消息。路径可达检测单元 412, 用于根 据收集到的新网络拓朴关系判断旧单播路径是否可达， 并将旧单播路由可达 性信息发送给回切单元 422和正切单元 423。
回切单元 422, 用于在路径可达检测单元 412确定旧单播路径可达时， 从 旧组播路径继续接收组播流， 当从新组播路径的上游路由器接收到组播数据 时， 切换为从新组播路径接收组播流。 具体用于分别向在旧组播路径中的上 游路由器和在新组播路径中的上游路由器发送加入组播组消息； 在接收到所 述新上游路由器发送的组播数据后， 向在所述旧组播路径中的上游路由器发 送剪枝消息； 或， 向新组播路径中的上游路由器发送 JOIN消息， 在接收到所 述新上游路由器发送的组播数据后， 向在所述旧组播路径中的上游路由器发 送剪枝消息。
正切单元 423 , 用于在路径可达检测单元 412确定旧单播路径不可达时， 直接切换为从新组播路径接收组播流。 具体用于向在旧组播路径中的旧上游 路由器发送剪枝消息； 向在新组播路径中的新上游路由器发送加入组播组消 息； 或， 向旧组播路径的上游路由器发送剪枝消息， 同时向新组播路径的上 游路由器发送加入组播组消息。
进一步， 如图 6所示， 单播路由协议模块 41还包括： 记录单元 413 , 用 于记录到组播源的单播路径。 具体地， 单播路径感知单元 411 感知到组播源 的单播路径变化时， 向上游路由器确定单元 421发送单播路由变更通知消息， 同时通知记录单元 413记录单播路径。 路径可达检测单元 412根据收集到的 新网络拓朴关系判断记录单元 413记录的旧单播路径是否可达， 并将旧单播 路由可达性信息发送给回切单元 422和正切单元 423。
上述各模块的工作机理参见图 2A和图 3A对应实施例中描述， 在此不再 赘述。
本发明实施例在旧单播链路没有故障的情况下进行组播路径回切可以达 到不丟包的目的； 在旧单播链路故障的情况下进行组播路径正切， 从而在旧 单播链路故障的情况下可以缩短组播业务中断的时间。 本领域普通技术人员可以理解： 实现上述方法实施例的全部或部分步骤 可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成， 前述的程序可以存储于计算机可读取 存储介质中， 该程序在执行时， 执行包括上述方法实施例的步骤； 而前述的 存储介质包括： ROM, RAM,磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
最后应说明的是： 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案， 而非对其 限制； 尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明， 本领域的普通技术 人员应当理解： 其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改， 或 者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换； 而这些修改或者替换， 并不使相应技 术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种组播路径切换方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
路由器通过单播路由协议感知到单播路径变化时， 通过组播路由协议确 定在新组播路径的上游路由器与在旧组播路径的上游路由器是否相同；
通过所述组播路由协议确定在所述新组播路径的上游路由器与在所述旧 组播路径的上游路由器不相同时， 通过所述单播路由协议判断所述旧单播路 径是否可达；
在所述旧单播路径可达时， 通过所述组播路由协议从所述旧组播路径的 上游路由器继续接收组播流， 当从所述新组播路径的上游路由器接收到组播 数据时， 切换为从所述新组播路径的上游路由器接收组播流；
在所述旧单播路径不可达时， 通过所述组播路由协议直接切换为从所述 新组播路径的上游路由器接收组播流。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述组播路径切换方法， 其特征在于， 在所述路由器 通过单播路由协议感知到单播路由变化之前， 还包括：
所述路由器通过单播路由协议记录到组播源的单播路径。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述组播路径切换方法， 其特征在于， 所述路由 器通过所述组播路由协议从所述旧组播路径的上游路由器继续接收组播流， 当从所述新组播路径的上游路由器接收到组播数据时， 切换为从所述新组播 路径的上游路由器接收组播流， 包括：
所述路由器通过所述组播路由协议分别向在所述旧组播路径中的上游路 由器和在所述新组播路径中的上游路由器发送加入组播组消息；
在接收到所述新组播路径中的上游路由器发送的组播数据后， 向在所述 旧组播路径中的上游路由器发送剪枝消息。
4、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述组播路径切换方法， 其特征在于， 所述路由 器通过所述组播路由协议从所述旧组播路径的上游路由器继续接收组播流， 当从所述新组播路径的上游路由器接收到组播数据时， 切换为从所述新组播 路径的上游路由器接收组播流， 包括：
所述路由器通过所述组播路由协议向所述新组播路径中的上游路由器发 送加入组播组消息， 在接收到所述新组播路径中的上游路由器发送的组播数 据后， 向在所述旧组播路径中的上游路由器发送剪枝消息。
5、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述组播路径切换方法， 其特征在于， 所述路由 器通过所述组播路由协议直接切换为从新组播路径接收组播流， 包括：
所述路由器通过所述组播路由协议向在所述旧组播路径中的上游路由器 发送剪枝消息； 并向在所述新组播路径中的上游路由器发送加入组播组消息。
6、 一种路由器， 其特征在于， 包括： 单播路由协议模块和组播路由协议 模块；
所述单播路由协议模块， 用于感知单播路径是否变化；
所述组播路由协议模块， 用于所述单播路由协议模块感知到单播路径变 化时， 确定在新组播路径的上游路由器与在旧组播路径的上游路由器是否相 同；
所述单播路由协议模块， 还用于所述组播路由协议模块确定在新组播路 径的上游路由器与在旧组播路径的上游路由器不相同时， 判断所述旧单播路 径是否可达；
所述组播路由协议模块， 还用于在所述单播路由协议模块确定所述旧单 播路径可达时， 从所述旧组播路径的上游路由器继续接收组播流， 当从所述 新组播路径的上游路由器接收到组播数据时， 切换为从所述新组播路径的上 游路由器接收组播流； 在所述单播路由协议模块确定所述旧单播路径不可达 时， 直接切换为从所述新组播路径接收组播流。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的路由器， 其特征在于， 所述单播路由协议模块 包括： 单播路径感知单元和路径可达检测单元； 所述组播路由协议模块包括： 上游路由器确定单元、 回切单元和正切单元；
所述单播路径感知单元， 用于感知所述单播路径是否变化；
所述上游路由器确定单元， 用于所述单播路径感知单元感知到所述单播 路径变化时， 确定在所述新组播路径的上游路由器与在所述旧组播路径的上 游路由器是否相同；
所述路径可达检测单元， 用于所述上游路由器确定单元确定在所述新组 播路径的上游路由器与在所述旧组播路径的上游路由器不相同时， 判断所述 旧单播路径是否可达；
所述回切单元， 用于在所述路径可达检测单元确定所述旧单播路径可达 时， 从所述旧组播路径的上游路由器继续接收组播流， 当从所述新组播路径 的上游路由器接收到组播数据时， 切换为从所述新组播路径的上游路由器接 收组播流；
所述正切单元， 用于在所述路径可达检测单元确定所述旧单播路径不可 达时， 直接切换为从所述新组播路径的上游路由器接收组播流。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的路由器， 其特征在于， 所述单播路由协议模块 还包括： 记录单元， 用于记录到组播源的单播路径。
9、 根据权利要求 7或 8所述的路由器， 其特征在于， 所述回切单元， 具 体用于分别向在所述旧组播路径中的上游路由器和在所述新组播路径中的上 游路由器发送加入组播组消息； 在接收到所述新组播路径中的上游路由器发 送的组播数据后， 向在所述旧组播路径中的上游路由器发送剪枝消息。
10、 根据权利要求 7或 8所述的路由器， 其特征在于， 所述回切单元， 具体用于向所述新组播路径中的上游路由器发送加入组播组消息， 在接收到 所述新组播路径中的上游路由器发送的组播数据后， 向在所述旧组播路径中 的上游路由器发送剪枝消息。
11、 根据权利要求 7或 8所述的路由器， 其特征在于， 所述正切单元， 具体用于向在所述旧组播路径中的上游路由器发送剪枝消息， 并向在所述新 组播路径中的上游路由器发送加入组播组消息。
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