WO2012132538A1 - 熱処理装置 - Google Patents
熱処理装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012132538A1 WO2012132538A1 PCT/JP2012/052222 JP2012052222W WO2012132538A1 WO 2012132538 A1 WO2012132538 A1 WO 2012132538A1 JP 2012052222 W JP2012052222 W JP 2012052222W WO 2012132538 A1 WO2012132538 A1 WO 2012132538A1
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- susceptor
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- heating element
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- heat treatment
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67011—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H01L21/67098—Apparatus for thermal treatment
- H01L21/67109—Apparatus for thermal treatment mainly by convection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/324—Thermal treatment for modifying the properties of semiconductor bodies, e.g. annealing, sintering
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/673—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere using specially adapted carriers or holders; Fixing the workpieces on such carriers or holders
- H01L21/67303—Vertical boat type carrier whereby the substrates are horizontally supported, e.g. comprising rod-shaped elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat treatment apparatus for performing a predetermined heat treatment on a substrate such as a semiconductor wafer or a glass substrate.
- various heat treatments such as various film formation processes such as a silicon film and a silicon oxide film, and an oxidation process are performed on the substrate surface.
- a so-called batch-type heat treatment apparatus is often used in which a plurality of semiconductor wafers (hereinafter simply referred to as “wafers”) are arranged and heat treatment can be performed at once.
- an electric furnace method in which a reaction tube containing a large number of wafers is heated in an electric furnace is mainly used.
- the electric furnace method has a problem in that the heat capacity of the entire furnace is large, so that it takes a lot of time to raise and lower the temperature of the wafer, and the productivity is greatly reduced.
- This type of heat treatment apparatus generally includes an induction coil wound around the outside of a reaction tube, and a high-frequency current is supplied to the induction coil to inductively heat a conductive susceptor disposed in the reaction tube and place it on the susceptor.
- the wafer is indirectly heated by heat conduction. According to this, since it is not necessary to heat the reaction tube directly, it is possible to raise and lower the wafer temperature faster than in the electric furnace method by reducing the heat capacity of the susceptor. Further, since the temperature of the reaction tube wall can be controlled independently of the wafer temperature, a so-called cold wall type heat treatment apparatus can be configured.
- the susceptor surface and each susceptor are caused by a temperature difference between the susceptor and its surroundings (such as the inner wall of the reaction tube).
- the temperature uniformity between the wafers collapsed, and the essential problem of the cold wall method that not only the uniformity of the temperature between the wafers mounted on each susceptor but also the in-plane temperature uniformity of the wafer became obvious. End up.
- a plurality of susceptors are arranged in the vertical direction, an alternating magnetic field is generated in a direction parallel to the substrate mounting surface of the susceptor, and this is controlled.
- the internal temperature can be controlled.
- two electromagnets are spaced apart so that their pole faces face each other across the periphery of the susceptor, and at the center of the susceptor according to the phase of the alternating current supplied to the induction coil of each electromagnet.
- an object of the present invention is to generate an alternating magnetic field in a direction parallel to the substrate mounting surface of the susceptor, and only the peripheral portion of the susceptor. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat treatment apparatus capable of improving the heating efficiency up to the inside and accurately controlling the in-plane temperature of the susceptor.
- the inner member is divided into a peripheral part and an inner part surrounded by the peripheral part, the inner part is made of a thick plate-like heating element, and the peripheral part is electrically connected to a thin plate-like heating element thinner than the inner part.
- a susceptor that is laminated in an insulated state, a plurality of the susceptors arranged at intervals in a direction perpendicular to the mounting surface, and a rotatable susceptor support that supports the susceptor in the processing chamber, and an induction coil
- a magnetic field forming unit that is rotated and includes an electromagnet disposed so that a magnetic pole surface faces the side surface of the susceptor, and forms an alternating magnetic field in a direction parallel to the mounting surface of the susceptor to inductively heat the susceptor;
- Two different induction coils A high-frequency current circuit configured to be able to apply a high-frequency current of a frequency, and an induction current generated in the thin plate-like heating element by the high-frequency current of the two frequencies applied from the high-frequency current circuit to the induction coil,
- a control unit that controls the temperature by changing the ratio of the amount of heat generated at the peripheral portion of the susceptor to the amount of heat generated at the inner side by controlling the transmission of magnetic flux to the
- the thickness of the thin plate-shaped heating element constituting the peripheral portion of the susceptor is smaller than the penetration depth of the induced current calculated from the low frequency, and is 2 of the penetration depth of the induced current calculated from the high frequency. It is preferable to make it larger than double.
- the thickness of the thick plate-like heating element constituting the inner portion of the susceptor is larger than twice the penetration depth of the induced current calculated from the low frequency.
- the magnetic field forming unit may be arranged in a plurality of stages along the arrangement direction of the susceptor and the substrate.
- the control unit may control the AC power supply of each magnetic field forming unit independently.
- the susceptor is made of, for example, graphite
- the side wall of the processing chamber is made of, for example, an aluminum alloy.
- a gas supply unit configured to supply a processing gas into the processing chamber; and an exhaust mechanism configured to evacuate the processing chamber.
- the processing chamber performs heat treatment on the substrate or forms a thin film on the substrate.
- a film forming process is performed.
- the metal film is extremely thin with respect to the thickness of the susceptor. Almost no magnetic flux passes through. For this reason, even when a heat treatment performed on a substrate on which a metal film is formed or a film formation process on which a metal film is formed on a substrate is performed, the metal film is not directly heated.
- the in-plane temperature of the substrate can be controlled only by heat conduction from the susceptor.
- the present invention it is possible to control the magnitude of the induced current, which hinders magnetic flux transmission, by controlling the frequency by making the peripheral edge of the susceptor laminated with thin plate-like heating elements thinner than the inner side. According to this, since the transmission of the magnetic flux entering from the peripheral portion of the susceptor can be controlled, the heating efficiency can be increased not only to the peripheral portion of the susceptor but also to the inside thereof. Thereby, even when an alternating magnetic field is generated in a direction parallel to the substrate mounting surface of the susceptor, the in-plane temperature of the susceptor can be accurately controlled.
- FIG. 1 It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the heat processing apparatus concerning embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the outline of the external appearance structure of the heat processing apparatus shown in FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the control part shown in FIG. It is the partial cross section perspective view which took out and expanded the part in which the electromagnet shown in FIG. 2 was provided. It is an operation explanatory view which shows notionally a mode that magnetic flux does not permeate in the case of a conductive susceptor. It is action explanatory drawing which shows notionally a mode that magnetic flux permeate
- FIG. 6B is an operation explanatory diagram conceptually showing an induced current induced when the thick plate-like heating element shown in FIG. 6A is arranged in a horizontal magnetic field. It is an experimental result of the simulation which shows the change of the penetration
- FIG. 8B is an operation explanatory diagram conceptually showing a state where magnetic flux is transmitted when the thin plate-like heating element shown in FIG. 8A is arranged in a low-frequency horizontal magnetic field.
- FIG. 8B is an operation explanatory diagram conceptually showing a state where magnetic flux is transmitted when the thin plate-like heating element shown in FIG. 8A is arranged in a low-frequency horizontal magnetic field.
- FIG. 8B is an operation explanatory diagram conceptually showing an induced current induced when the thin plate-like heating element shown in FIG. 8A is arranged in a high-frequency horizontal magnetic field. It is a figure which shows the structure which combined the thick plate-shaped heat generating body and the thin plate-shaped heat generating body.
- FIG. 9B is an operation explanatory diagram conceptually showing that the inner part is heated by transmitting magnetic flux when the configuration shown in FIG. 9A is arranged in a horizontal magnetic field of low frequency.
- FIG. 9B is an operation explanatory diagram conceptually showing that the peripheral portion is heated by preventing the transmission of magnetic flux when the configuration shown in FIG. 9A is arranged in a high frequency horizontal magnetic field.
- FIG. 10 It is an external appearance perspective view which shows the specific structural example of the susceptor in this embodiment. It is the figure which looked at the susceptor shown in FIG. 10 from the upper part. It is the partial cross section which cut
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a heat treatment apparatus
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an outline of the external configuration of the heat treatment apparatus, in which the ceiling and lower portions of the reaction tube are cut along a horizontal plane.
- the heat treatment apparatus 100 includes a processing chamber 102 for performing a process on the wafer W as shown in FIG.
- the processing chamber 102 includes a tubular reaction tube 104 having an open lower end (for example, a rectangular tube shape) and a rectangular tube-shaped manifold 106 connected to the lower end of the reaction tube 104.
- the reaction tube 104 and the manifold 106 are made of a metal such as an aluminum alloy.
- the reaction tube 104 is formed in a ceiling, and the lower end is airtightly joined to the upper end of the manifold 106.
- the opening 114 at the lower end of the manifold 106 is provided with a lid 114 that can be opened and closed.
- the shape of the processing chamber 102 is not limited to that shown in FIG. 1, and may be a polygonal shape such as a hexagonal shape or a cylindrical shape.
- a quartz boat (wafer boat) 110 is provided as a susceptor support portion that supports a plurality of susceptors 200 having a wafer W mounting surface.
- the lid 114 is mounted on a boat elevator 118 for carrying the quartz boat 110 into and out of the reaction tube 104, and the opening of the reaction tube 104 is constituted by the manifold 106 when it is at the upper limit position. This serves to close the lower end opening of the processing chamber 102.
- a plurality of susceptors 200 are arranged in a shelf shape at a predetermined interval in a direction (in this case, the vertical direction) perpendicular to the mounting surface in a horizontal state.
- One wafer W is placed on the placement surface (upper surface) of each susceptor 200.
- the susceptor 200 is composed of a heating element made of a conductive material such as graphite, glassy carbon, or SiC.
- the susceptor 200 according to the present embodiment is induction-heated by a horizontal alternating magnetic field generated toward the side surface of the peripheral portion, and transmits the magnetic flux of the peripheral portion, that is, the entrance of the magnetic flux from the side surface of the peripheral portion. Is configured to be adjustable. Thereby, it is comprised so that it can carry out induction heating efficiently not only to the peripheral part of the susceptor 200 but to the inner side. Details of such a susceptor 200 will be described later.
- the quartz boat 110 is held by a lid 114 via a cylindrical heat insulator 116 so as to be rotatable around a vertical axis.
- a motor (not shown) is connected below the heat insulator 116.
- the susceptor 200 can be rotated together with the wafer W around the vertical axis by driving the motor to rotate the quartz boat 110.
- the wafer W accommodated in a cassette container is transferred to such a susceptor 200 by a transfer device (not shown). Then, the quartz boat 110 is carried into the reaction tube 104 by the boat elevator 118 and the wafer W is processed. Thereafter, when the processing of the wafer W is completed, the quartz boat 110 is unloaded from the reaction tube 104 by the boat elevator 118, and the wafer W on the susceptor 200 is returned to the cassette container by the transfer device.
- a plurality of magnetic field forming units each including an electromagnet 120 that forms a horizontal alternating magnetic field for induction heating each susceptor 200 in the reaction tube 104 are provided outside the side wall of the reaction tube 104.
- the electromagnet 120 is disposed so that a horizontal alternating magnetic field (hereinafter simply referred to as “horizontal magnetic field”) is formed in a direction parallel to the mounting surface of each susceptor 200 toward the peripheral side surface of each susceptor 200.
- the electromagnet 120 is arranged in a plurality of stages along the longitudinal direction (vertical direction) of the reaction tube 104. Specifically, the heating region of the reaction tube 104 is divided into a plurality of zones along the longitudinal direction, and one magnetic field forming unit is disposed in each zone.
- FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are specific examples in which three magnetic field forming units are arranged in each zone by dividing into three zones. In one zone, several (for example, 2 to 6) susceptors 200 are arranged, and the electromagnet 120 is arranged so as to face the peripheral side surface thereof.
- a dielectric window 105 made of, for example, quartz glass or ceramic is provided on the side wall of the reaction tube 104 facing each electromagnet 120.
- the magnetic flux generated from the electromagnet 120 can pass through the dielectric window 105 and enter the reaction tube 104.
- the number of stages of the magnetic field forming unit is not limited to that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, but is determined according to the vertical size of the reaction tube 104 and the number of wafers arranged in the vertical direction.
- Each of the electromagnets 120 constituting each magnetic field forming unit is configured by winding an induction coil 124 around a U-shaped core 122 having two magnetic poles.
- Each induction coil 124 is connected to the output terminal 132 of the high-frequency current circuit 130.
- Each induction coil 124 is supplied with a predetermined alternating current from each high-frequency current circuit 130 separately.
- the high-frequency current circuit 130 in the present embodiment is configured to be able to superimpose or separately apply high-frequency currents of two types of frequencies (high frequency and low frequency) to the induction coil 124. This is because, as will be described later, the peripheral portion of the susceptor 200 is formed by laminating a thin plate-like heating element in a state of being insulated from each other, so that the ease of entering the magnetic flux from the side surface of the peripheral portion changes according to the frequency. This is intended to adjust the in-plane temperature distribution of the susceptor 200. Details of the configuration example of the high-frequency current circuit 130 and the in-plane temperature distribution control of the susceptor 200 based on the frequency will be described later.
- Each high-frequency current circuit 130 is connected to the control unit 300.
- the controller 300 can independently control the alternating current supplied to each induction coil 124 by controlling each high-frequency current circuit 130. Thereby, the magnitude and direction of the horizontal magnetic field generated in the reaction tube 104 can be controlled for each zone.
- the manifold 106 is provided with a plurality of gas supply pipes 140a and 140b as gas supply parts for supplying, for example, titanium tetrachloride (TiCl 4 ), ammonia (NH 3 ), argon (Ar) gas, etc. into the processing chamber 102. It has been.
- the gas supply pipes 140a and 140b are provided with flow rate adjusting units 142a and 142b such as a mass flow controller (MFC) for adjusting the gas flow rate.
- MFC mass flow controller
- FIG. 1 the case where two types of gas are supplied independently from the gas supply pipes 140a and 140b is taken as an example, but the configuration of the gas supply unit is not limited to that shown in FIG.
- three or more gas supply pipes may be provided so that three or more kinds of gases can be supplied independently.
- An exhaust mechanism such as a vacuum pump 154 is connected to the manifold 106 via an exhaust pipe 150 that exhausts the inside of the reaction tube 104.
- the exhaust pipe 150 is provided with a pressure adjusting unit 152 that adjusts the pressure in the reaction pipe 104.
- the pressure adjusting unit 152 includes, for example, a combination valve, a butterfly valve, and a valve driving unit.
- the exhaust pipe 150 is provided with a pressure sensor 151 for detecting the pressure in the processing chamber 102 and performing feedback control of the pressure adjusting unit 152.
- a pressure sensor 151 it is preferable to use a capacitance type vacuum gauge (capacitance manometer) which is not easily affected by changes in the external air pressure.
- the control unit 300 controls each unit based on processing recipe data including processing conditions such as a set pressure, a susceptor set temperature, and a gas flow rate according to, for example, the type and thickness of a thin film to be formed.
- processing recipe data including processing conditions such as a set pressure, a susceptor set temperature, and a gas flow rate according to, for example, the type and thickness of a thin film to be formed.
- the control unit 300 takes in pressure detection signals from the pressure sensor 151 and controls the pressure adjustment unit 152, the flow rate adjustment units 142a and 142b, and the like based on these detection signals.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the control unit 300.
- the control unit 300 includes a CPU (central processing unit) 310, a memory 320 used for various processes performed by the CPU 310, a liquid crystal display that displays an operation screen, a selection screen, and the like.
- the communication part 350 for performing is provided.
- control unit 300 includes various controllers 360 for controlling each unit of the heat treatment apparatus 100, various programs executed by the CPU 310, and a hard disk (HDD) configured to store data necessary for executing the programs. Etc. The CPU 310 reads out these programs and data from the storage unit 370 as necessary.
- various controllers 360 for controlling each unit of the heat treatment apparatus 100, various programs executed by the CPU 310, and a hard disk (HDD) configured to store data necessary for executing the programs. Etc. The CPU 310 reads out these programs and data from the storage unit 370 as necessary.
- HDD hard disk
- Examples of the various controllers 360 include a temperature controller that controls the temperature of each susceptor 200 by controlling the high-frequency current circuit 130 and the like according to a command from the heat treatment apparatus 100, and a pressure controller that controls the pressure in the reaction tube 104. It is done.
- processing recipe data including a plurality of processing recipes including processing conditions such as a set pressure, a set temperature of the susceptor 200, and a gas flow rate in accordance with the type and thickness of the thin film to be formed.
- Condition data 372 and the like are stored.
- a corresponding processing recipe is read from the processing recipe data 372 in accordance with the type of thin film to be formed, the film thickness, and the like, and the film forming process for the wafer W is executed based on the processing recipe.
- the wafer W is heated by adjusting the susceptor 200 to a predetermined set temperature.
- a predetermined alternating current is supplied to the induction coil 124 of the electromagnet 120 so that a horizontal alternating magnetic field is generated in the reaction tube 104 toward the peripheral side surface of each susceptor 200.
- the susceptor 200 is generated by induction heating.
- each wafer W can be uniformly heated so that there is no deviation in the circumferential direction within the surface.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion where an electromagnet constituting one magnetic field forming unit shown in FIG. 2 is provided.
- the susceptor 200 and the wafer W are omitted.
- the electromagnet 120 has a core (magnetic core) 122 made of a ferromagnetic material integrally composed of two magnetic poles 127 and 128 and an intermediate portion 129 connecting them, and is guided to the intermediate portion 129.
- the coil 124 is wound.
- Each of the cores 122 is formed in a U shape (or a U shape), for example, as shown in FIG.
- the electromagnet 120 is provided outside the side wall of the reaction tube 104 via the dielectric window 105, and the two magnetic pole faces (end faces of the magnetic poles 127 and 128) 127 ⁇ / b> A and 128 ⁇ / b> A of the electromagnet 120 are opposed to the peripheral portions of the susceptors 200.
- the two magnetic pole faces end faces of the magnetic poles 127 and 128, 127 ⁇ / b> A and 128 ⁇ / b> A of the electromagnet 120 are opposed to the peripheral portions of the susceptors 200.
- the electromagnet 120 arranged in this way, when an alternating current is supplied to the induction coil 124 from the high-frequency current circuit 130, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the magnetic pole surface 128A is directed to the other magnetic pole surface 127A at a certain moment. A magnetic field is generated, and a horizontal magnetic field is formed so as to pass through the dielectric window 105 and enter the peripheral side surface of each susceptor 200.
- each susceptor 200 can be heated.
- the susceptor 200 when forming a horizontal magnetic flux toward the peripheral side surface of the susceptor 200 as in this embodiment, depending on the shape (particularly the thickness) of the susceptor 200, only the vicinity of the peripheral side surface is partially heated. There is a risk that the inside will not be heated.
- the susceptor 200 is formed of a thick plate-like heating element, as shown in FIG. 5A, the susceptor 200 is partially heated only in the vicinity of the peripheral side surface of the susceptor 200 facing the magnetic pole surfaces 127A and 128A of the electromagnet 120. The phenomenon of not being heated occurs.
- the magnetic flux generated between the magnetic pole surfaces 127A and 128A of the electromagnet 120 enters from the peripheral side surface of the susceptor 200 to the inside thereof.
- the magnitude of the induced current excited in the peripheral portion of the susceptor 200 changes depending on the material of the susceptor 200, so that the magnetic flux entering the susceptor 200 also changes.
- the magnetic flux entering the susceptor 200 may change depending on the frequency of the horizontal magnetic field formed at the peripheral edge of the susceptor 200.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the experimental results.
- three disc-shaped heating elements are arranged in the vertical direction (perpendicular to the paper surface) with a gap of 10 mm, and the side surfaces of these heating elements are the magnetic pole surfaces 127A and 128A of the electromagnet 120. Assuming the case of facing.
- the state of the magnetic flux entering the inside of the heating element is visualized when a high frequency (40 kHz) high frequency current is supplied to the induction coil 124 of the electromagnet 120 and when a low frequency (10 kHz) high frequency current is supplied.
- a high frequency (40 kHz) high frequency current is supplied to the induction coil 124 of the electromagnet 120 and when a low frequency (10 kHz) high frequency current is supplied.
- the direction of the magnetic flux at the grid-like observation point is indicated by an arrow, and the length of the arrow indicates the magnitude of the magnetic flux density.
- the magnetic flux entering the inside of the plate-shaped heating element can be changed by the frequency of the high-frequency current supplied to the induction coil.
- the skin effect of the induced current is that the induced current induced in the susceptor 200 by the horizontal magnetic field is the largest near the surface (here, the upper surface and the lower surface of the susceptor 200), and decreases rapidly toward the center of the thickness. Is.
- the degree of reduction varies depending on the frequency of the horizontal magnetic field. It is known that the penetration depth of the induced current becomes shallower as the frequency becomes higher, and the penetration depth of the induced current becomes deeper as the frequency becomes lower.
- an induced current is generated only on the upper surface side and the lower surface side of the susceptor 200 as the frequency is higher, and an induced current is generated from the upper surface side and the lower surface side of the susceptor 200 toward the center of the thickness as the frequency is lower.
- the penetration depth of the induced current generated near the upper surface and the induced current generated near the lower surface are lowered as the horizontal magnetic field frequency is lower.
- the penetration depth of becomes deeper toward the center of the thickness.
- these induced currents are in opposite directions, they tend to cancel each other.
- FIG. 8B it is possible to hardly generate the induced current by lowering the frequency, so that the magnetic flux can be easily transmitted to the inside. In this case, the thin plate heating element does not generate heat due to the induced current.
- the horizontal magnetic field frequency can be lowered to suppress the generation of the induced current and the magnetic flux can be easily transmitted, and the horizontal magnetic field frequency is increased to reduce the induced current.
- the magnetic flux can be made difficult to pass through.
- the inside of the susceptor 200 cannot be heated by itself.
- the thick plate-like heating element alone cannot easily transmit the magnetic flux even if the frequency is changed.
- the thin plate heating element generates heat at a high frequency and the thick plate heating element generates heat at a low frequency.
- a thin plate-like heating element is laminated on the outer side, and a thick plate-like heating element is disposed inside the thin plate-like heating element while being insulated from the thin plate-like heating element. According to this, the ratio between the amount of heat generated at the peripheral portion and the amount of heat generated at the inner portion thereof can be changed according to the frequency of the high-frequency current supplied to the induction coil 124, and the heat generation distribution of the susceptor 200 can be controlled. .
- the in-plane temperature distribution can be accurately controlled by devising the shape of the susceptor 200 by utilizing such a property.
- the susceptor 200 is divided into a peripheral part and an inner part surrounded by the peripheral part, the inner part is formed of a thick plate-like heating element, and the peripheral part electrically insulates a thin plate-like heating element thinner than the inner part. It is configured by stacking in a state.
- the high frequency current of two different frequencies is superimposed on the induction coil 124 or applied by switching in time series.
- the ease of entering the magnetic flux into the interior is adjusted more than that, and the calorific value at the peripheral portion and the calorific value at the inner portion are adjusted.
- FIG. 10 is an external perspective view showing the configuration of the susceptor 200
- FIG. 11 is a view of the susceptor 200 as viewed from above.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a part of the susceptor 200 cut in the vertical direction.
- the susceptor 200 in this embodiment is divided into a peripheral edge portion 210 and an inner portion 220 surrounded by the peripheral edge portion 210.
- the inner part 220 is constituted by a thick plate-like heating element 222
- the peripheral part 210 is constituted by laminating a thin plate-like heating element 212 thinner than the inner part 220.
- 10 and 11 exemplify the case where three thin plate-like heating elements 212 are laminated, the number of thin plate-like heating elements 212 is not limited to this, and two sheets are formed depending on the thickness thereof. However, it may be four or more.
- the thin plate heating elements 212 are electrically insulated from each other. This is to prevent an induced current from flowing between the thin plate heating elements 212.
- FIG. 10 shows a specific example in which the thin plate-like heating elements 212 are insulated by being provided apart from each other.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and an insulating member may be inserted between the thin plate-like heating elements 212.
- an insulating process may be applied to the surface of each thin plate-like heating element 212. According to this, each thin plate-shaped heating element 212 can be contacted and laminated without leaving a gap.
- the periphery 210 and the inner part 220 are thermally insulated. This is to prevent heat conduction between the peripheral portion 210 and the inner portion 220. Thereby, the peripheral part 210 and the inner part 220 can be heated separately.
- FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 show a specific example in which each thin plate-like heating element 212 and the inner side portion 220 of the peripheral edge portion 210 are thermally insulated by connecting with a heat insulating material 230.
- You may heat-insulate by separating between each thin plate-shaped heat generating body 212 and the inner part 220.
- the thickness t1 of each of the thin plate-like heating elements 212 and the thickness t2 of the thick plate-like heating elements 222 described above are determined based on the frequencies (low frequency and high frequency) used as the high-frequency current supplied to the induction coil 124. According to the skin effect of the induced current, the penetration depth of the induced current is determined by the frequency. Therefore, the optimum heating control can be performed by adjusting the thicknesses t1 and t2 of the heating elements 212 and 222 according to the frequency. Will be able to.
- the optimum thicknesses t1 and t2 of the respective heating elements when the low frequency is f1 (for example, 10 kHz) and the high frequency is f2 (for example, 100 kHz) as the frequency used as the high-frequency current supplied to the induction coil 124 will be described.
- the thickness t1, t2 of each heating element and the skin effect of the induced current will be described with reference to the drawings.
- FIGS. 13A and 13B are graphs showing the skin effect of the induced current.
- FIG. 13A shows a case of a thick plate-like heat generating body
- FIG. 13B shows a case of a thin plate-like heating element.
- the thick line graph is for the low frequency f1
- the thin line graph is for the high frequency f2.
- an induced current is generated on the vertical surface of the magnetic flux (for example, the upper surface, the lower surface, and the left and right side surfaces in the above-described thick plate heating element shown in FIG. 6B).
- the induced current is larger as it is closer to each surface, and exponentially decreases toward the inside (here, the thickness direction), which is the skin effect of the induced current.
- the induced current generated near the upper surface and the lower surface is dominant, and the induced current near the left and right side surfaces can be almost ignored.
- the penetration depth P is determined by the frequencies f1 and f2.
- the induced current density that attenuates from the surface (upper surface or lower surface) of the heating element to the depth direction (center direction of thickness) is the surface of the heating element (upper surface).
- it is defined as the distance to a point reduced to 1 / e ( ⁇ 0.368) times the induced current density on the lower surface) and is expressed by the following equation (1).
- ⁇ is the resistivity ( ⁇ cm) of the heating element
- ⁇ is the relative permeability of the heating element
- f is the frequency (Hz).
- ⁇ 1 for carbon-based materials.
- Carbon-based materials include graphite and glassy carbon.
- the penetration depth P decreases as the frequency f increases and increases as the frequency f decreases.
- the current density I x at the distance x from the outer peripheral surface to the inside of the heating element using this penetration depth P can be expressed by the following formula (2), where I 0 is the current density of the upper surface and the lower surface of the heating element. It is represented by
- f1 for example, 10 kHz
- f2 for example, 100 kHz
- the horizontal axis represents the distance x from the upper surface to the lower surface to the center of the thickness.
- the penetration depth P f1 increases as the frequency f1 decreases
- the penetration depth P f2 decreases as the frequency f2 increases.
- the penetration depths P f1 and P f2 are uniformly determined according to the frequency according to the equation (1).
- the sheet-like heating element as shown in FIG. 13B smaller thickness t2, that is, an example in which twice the penetration depth P f2 when the higher frequency f2 will be described.
- the induced current generated at the site of distance x from the upper surface of the heating element and the induced current generated at the site of distance x from the lower surface of the heating element have the same magnitude and opposite directions. Therefore, the induced current is canceled if there is a portion graphs of these current density ratio I r overlap.
- the induced current is not canceled at a high frequency f2 in the case of the thin plate-shaped heating element as described above. It is difficult for the magnetic flux to enter, and at a low frequency f1, the induced current is canceled and the magnetic flux can easily enter.
- the thickness t2 of at least sheet-like heating element is higher 2 times thicker than the penetration depth P f2 frequency f2, be thinner than the penetration depth P f1 lower frequency f1 Is preferred.
- the thin plate-like heating element it is possible to enlarge the canceling region of the induced current due to the low frequency f1.
- the thick plate-like heating element is preferably made thicker than twice the penetration depth P f1 of at least a low frequency f1.
- the thick plate-like heating element can be free of the induction current canceling region at any frequency.
- the conditions of the thicknesses t1 and t2 of the heating elements 222 and 212 of the susceptor 200 shown in FIG. 12 are obtained as follows.
- the resistivity ⁇ is approximately 1000 ⁇ cm and the transmittance ⁇ is 1.
- the penetration depths P f1 and P f2 are approximately 1.6 cm and approximately 0.5 cm, respectively.
- the ease of entering the magnetic flux from the side surface of the peripheral portion 210 of the susceptor 200 can be controlled by the frequency.
- the ratio between the amount of heat generated and the amount of heat generated by the inner portion 220 can be changed. Thereby, the in-plane temperature of the susceptor 200 can be controlled.
- the width in the radial direction of the thin plate-like heating element 212 is preferably sized so that most of the magnetic flux passes through the peripheral portion 210 when the frequency of the horizontal magnetic field is increased.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the radial width of the thin plate-shaped heating element 212 may be determined based on a reference ratio between the heat generation amount of the peripheral portion 210 and the heat generation amount of the inner portion 220.
- the magnetic flux enters the inner part 220 when the horizontal magnetic field frequency is lowered, and the heating efficiency of the inner part 220 decreases. On the contrary, if this width is reduced, a part of the magnetic flux enters the inner portion 220 when the frequency of the horizontal magnetic field is increased, so that the heating efficiency of the peripheral portion 210 is lowered.
- the radial width of the thin plate-like heating element 212 can be determined depending on whether the heating of the peripheral portion 210 of the susceptor 200 is increased or the heating of the inner portion 220 is increased. For example, in order to increase the heating of the peripheral portion 210 with respect to the inner portion 220 of the susceptor 200, the radial width of the thin plate-shaped heating element 212 is increased, and the inner portion 220 of the susceptor 200 has a larger radial width. When heating is strengthened, the radial width of the thin plate-like heating element 212 may be reduced.
- the radial width of the thin plate-like heating element 212 corresponds to the high frequency f2. It is preferable to set the penetration depth Pf2 to be twice or more.
- the shape of the susceptor 200 is not limited to that shown in FIG.
- the thick plate heating element 222 of the inner portion 220 may have a central portion thinner than the outer peripheral portion.
- FIG. 1 when a plurality of susceptors 200 are arranged in the vertical direction, the amount of heat radiated in the vertical direction from each susceptor is reduced, and heat tends to be accumulated in the central portion, so that the central portion of each susceptor 200 is not heated. But the temperature hardly changes. For this reason, even if it is made thin as shown in FIG. 14, the thick plate heating element 222 can be sufficiently heated by heat conduction from the heated outer peripheral portion even if its central portion is made thinner than the outer peripheral portion. According to this, the heat capacity of the entire susceptor 200 can be reduced, and the heating rate can be increased.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the high-frequency current circuit 130 according to the present embodiment.
- a high-frequency current circuit 130 shown in FIG. 15 includes a first high-frequency power source 134 that outputs a high-frequency current (for example, 10 kHz) having a first frequency f 1 that is a low frequency, and a high-frequency current (for example, a second frequency f 2 that is a high frequency). 100 kHz) is provided.
- the output of the first high frequency power supply 134 is connected to the output terminal 132 of the high frequency current circuit 130 via the first matching circuit 135.
- the first matching circuit 135 is composed of, for example, a transformer provided between the output of the high-frequency current circuit 130 and the input of the first matching circuit 135.
- the output of the second high-frequency power source 136 is connected between the first matching circuit 135 and one output terminal 132 via the second matching circuit 137.
- the second matching circuit 137 includes a transformer or the like provided between the output of the second high-frequency power source 136 and one output of the first matching circuit 135, and the second high-frequency power source is connected to the output from the first high-frequency power source 134. The function of superimposing the output from 136 is fulfilled.
- the first high-frequency power source 134 and the second high-frequency power source 136 are connected to the control unit 300, and the outputs of the high-frequency power sources 134 and 136 can be turned on / off by a control signal from the control unit 300.
- a control signal from the control unit 300 such that the current of the low first frequency f 1 and the current of the high second frequency f 2 are superimposed on the induction coil 124 or switched in time series, the susceptor 200 is applied. Only one of the peripheral portion 210 and the inner portion 220 can be heated independently, or both can be heated.
- FIG. 16 For this reason, for example, by switching the current of the first frequency f 1 (10 kHz) and the current of the second frequency f 2 (100 kHz) in time series and applying these high-frequency currents to the induction coil 124, it is shown in FIG.
- a current waveform can be applied.
- the current waveform in the T 1 section shown in FIG. 16 is due to the current at the first frequency f 1 (10 kHz)
- the current waveform in the T 2 section in FIG. 16 is due to the current at the second frequency f 2 (100 kHz). is there.
- the peripheral portion 210 and the inner portion of the susceptor 200 are controlled by controlling the application times T 1 and T 2 of the current of the first frequency f 1 (10 kHz) and the current of the second frequency f 2 (100 kHz).
- the amount of heat generated at 220 can be controlled.
- each thin plate-like heating element 212 does not generate heat and only the thick plate-like heating element 222 generates heat, so that the inner portion 220 can be heated more than the peripheral portion 210.
- FIG. 17A for easy understanding, the one of the peripheral portion 210 and the inner portion 220 that generates heat or the one that generates a larger amount of heat is indicated by hatching (the same applies to FIGS. 17B, 19A, and 19B described below). ).
- a high frequency current obtained by superimposing a current of the second high frequency f 2 on the current of the first frequency f 1 , for example, a current waveform as shown in FIG. 18, can be output to the output terminal 132 of the high frequency current circuit 130.
- the amount of heat generated by the peripheral portion 210 and the inner portion 220 can be controlled by controlling the ratio of the high-frequency current of each frequency.
- the induced current generated in each thin plate-like heating element 212 of the peripheral portion 210 can be suppressed as the current of the low first frequency f 1 is increased with respect to the current of the high second frequency f 2 .
- the magnetic flux easily passes through each thin plate-like heating element 212 and reaches the thick plate-like heating element 222, so that the inner portion 220 can be heated more than the peripheral portion 210. .
- the induced current generated in each thin plate-like heating element 212 at the peripheral portion 210 can be increased. .
- the magnetic flux does not easily pass through the thin plate-like heating elements 212 and does not reach the thick plate-like heating elements 222. Therefore, the peripheral portion 210 is heated more than the inner portion 220. Can do.
- the amount of heat generated by the entire susceptor 200 can be reduced. Since the balance can be maintained, the temperature of the susceptor 200 as a whole can be raised while keeping the temperature distribution of the susceptor 200 constant.
- the high-frequency current circuit 130 is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG.
- the first high frequency power supply 134 and the second high frequency power supply 136 may be connected in series, and the high frequency current of the two frequencies may sometimes be applied.
- the first high frequency power source 134 and the second high frequency power source 136 may be switched.
- the high-frequency current circuit 130 by applying a low first frequency f 1 of the current and the high second frequency f 2 of the current to the induction coil 124 is switched by superimposing with or chronological, susceptor 200
- the ratio of the amount of heat generated at the peripheral edge 210 to the amount of heat generated at the inner side 220 can be controlled. According to this, only one of the peripheral part 210 and the inner part 220 can be heated independently, or both can be heated.
- the in-plane temperature distribution of the susceptor 200 can be controlled, the in-plane temperature distribution of the wafer W placed on the susceptor 200 can also be accurately controlled.
- the side wall of the reaction tube 104 side wall of the processing chamber 102
- the amount of heat of the peripheral portion 210 of the susceptor 200 is reduced. Since it is easily deprived, the effect is extremely great in that the inner portion 220 can be further heated while intensively supplementing the peripheral portion 210 without heating the entire reaction tube 104.
- the magnetic field forming unit in the present embodiment is an example in which the magnetic field forming unit is configured by an electromagnet 120 in which an induction coil 124 is wound around an intermediate portion 129 of a U-shaped (or U-shaped) core 122 as shown in FIG.
- an electromagnet 121 in which an induction coil 124 is wound around magnetic poles 127 and 128 of a U-shaped (or U-shaped) core 122 may be used.
- a horizontal horizontal magnetic field similar to that of the electromagnet 120 shown in FIG. 4 can be formed by the electromagnet 121 shown in FIG.
- the present invention can be applied to a heat treatment apparatus that performs a predetermined heat treatment on a substrate such as a semiconductor wafer or a glass substrate.
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Abstract
Description
先ず,本発明の実施形態にかかる熱処理装置について説明する。ここでは,被処理基板としての例えば半導体ウエハ(以下,単に「ウエハ」と称する)を多数枚一度に熱処理できるバッチ式の縦型熱処理装置(以下,単に「熱処理装置」と称する)を例に挙げて図面を参照しながら説明する。図1は,熱処理装置の構成例を示す断面図であり,図2は熱処理装置の外観構成の概略を示す斜視図であり,反応管の天井部及び下部を水平面で切断したものである。
このような制御部300の構成例を図面を参照しながら説明する。図3は制御部300の構成例を示すブロック図である。制御部300は,例えば図3に示すようにCPU(中央処理装置)310,CPU310が行う各種処理のために使用されるメモリ320,操作画面や選択画面などを表示する液晶ディスプレイなどで構成される表示部330,オペレータによる種々のデータの入力及び所定の記憶媒体への各種データの出力など各種操作を行うための操作パネルやキーボードなどからなる入出力部340,ネットワークなどを介してのデータのやり取りを行うための通信部350を備える。
以下,このような磁場形成部について図面を参照しながらより詳細に説明する。図4は,図2に示す1つの磁場形成部を構成する電磁石が設けられた部分を取り出して拡大した斜視図である。なお,図4ではサセプタ200及びウエハWを省略している。図4に示すように,電磁石120は,2つの磁極127,128と,これらを繋ぐ中間部129とを一体で構成した強磁性体からなるコア(磁心)122を有し,中間部129に誘導コイル124を巻回してなる。コア122はそれぞれ,例えば図4に示すようにU字状(又はコ字状)に形成される。
ここで,このような本実施形態におけるサセプタ200の構成例について図面を参照しながら説明する。図10は,サセプタ200の構成を示す外観斜視図であり,図11はサセプタ200を上方から見た図である。図12はサセプタ200の一部を縦方向に切断した断面図である。
ところで,上述した各薄板状発熱体212の厚みt1と厚板状発熱体222の厚みt2は,誘導コイル124に供給する高周波電流として用いる周波数(低い周波数と高い周波数)に基づいて決定される。これは誘導電流の表皮効果によれば周波数によって誘導電流の侵入深さが決まるので,周波数に応じて各発熱体212,222の厚みt1,t2を調整することで,最適な加熱制御を行うことができるようになる。
ここで,上述した2つの周波数の高周波電流の印加制御についてより詳細に説明する。本実施形態における印加制御としては,2つの周波数の高周波電流を重畳させて印加してもよいし,それぞれを時系列で別々に印加してもよい。このような印加制御を実現可能な高周波電流回路130の具体的構成例を図15に示す。図15は本実施形態にかかる高周波電流回路130の概略構成を示すブロック図である。
102 処理室
104 反応管
105 誘電体窓
106 マニホールド
110 石英ボート(ウエハボート)
114 蓋体
116 断熱体
118 ボートエレベータ
120,121 電磁石
122 コア
124 誘導コイル
127,128 磁極
127A,128A 磁極面
129 中間部
130 高周波電流回路
132 出力端子
134 第1高周波電源
135 第1整合回路
136 第2高周波電源
137 第2整合回路
140a,140b ガス供給管
142a,142b 流量調整部
150 排気管
151 圧力センサ
152 圧力調整部
154 真空ポンプ
200 サセプタ
210 周縁部
212 薄板状発熱体
220 内側部
222 厚板状発熱体
230 断熱材
300 制御部
310 CPU
320 メモリ
330 表示部
340 入出力部
350 通信部
360 各種コントローラ
370 記憶部
372 処理レシピデータ
W ウエハ
C 誘導コイル
Claims (8)
- 減圧可能な処理室内に配置した複数の基板に対して熱処理を施す処理室と,
前記基板を載置する載置面を有する導電性部材であって,周縁部とこれに囲まれる内側部とに分けられ,前記内側部は厚板状発熱体からなり,前記周縁部は内側部よりも薄い薄板状発熱体を互いに電気的に絶縁した状態で積層してなるサセプタと,
前記サセプタを,その載置面に垂直な方向に間隔を空けて複数配列して前記処理室内で支持する回転自在なサセプタ支持部と,
誘導コイルが巻回され,前記サセプタの側面に磁極面が対向するように配置された電磁石からなり,前記サセプタの載置面に平行な方向に交流磁場を形成して前記サセプタを誘導加熱する磁場形成部と,
前記誘導コイルに異なる2つの周波数の高周波電流を印加可能に構成された高周波電流回路と,
前記高周波電流回路から前記誘導コイルに印加する前記2つの周波数の高周波電流により前記各薄板状発熱体に発生する誘導電流を制御して前記内側部までの磁束の透過を制御することによって,前記サセプタの前記周縁部の発熱量と前記内側部の発熱量との比率を変化させて温度制御を行う制御部と,
を備えることを特徴とする熱処理装置。 - 前記制御部は,前記高周波電流回路から出力される低い周波数と高い周波数の高周波電流を重畳して又は時系列で切り換えて前記温度制御を行うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の熱処理装置。
- 前記各サセプタの周縁部を構成する前記薄板状発熱体の厚みは,前記低い周波数から算出される誘導電流の侵入深さよりも小さく,前記高い周波数から算出される誘導電流の侵入深さの2倍よりも大きくしたことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の熱処理装置。
- 前記各サセプタの内側部を構成する前記厚板状発熱体の厚みは,少なくとも前記低い周波数から算出される誘導電流の侵入深さの2倍よりも大きくしたことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の熱処理装置。
- 前記磁場形成部を,前記サセプタ及び前記基板の配列方向に沿って複数段配列したことを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の熱処理装置。
- 前記制御部は,前記各磁場形成部の交流電源を独立して制御することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の熱処理装置。
- 前記サセプタはグラファイトで構成し,前記処理室の側壁はアルミニウム合金で構成したことを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の熱処理装置。
- 前記処理室内に処理ガスを供給するガス供給部と,
前記処理室内を真空排気する排気機構と,を備え,
前記処理室は,前記基板に対して行う熱処理又は前記基板上に薄膜を成膜する成膜処理を行うことを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の熱処理装置。
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WO2020084563A1 (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2020-04-30 | Lpe S.P.A. | Deposition reactor with inductors and electromagnetic shields |
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JP5643143B2 (ja) | 2014-12-17 |
JP2012209471A (ja) | 2012-10-25 |
TW201303961A (zh) | 2013-01-16 |
KR101500883B1 (ko) | 2015-03-09 |
KR20140001818A (ko) | 2014-01-07 |
TWI496188B (zh) | 2015-08-11 |
CN102859657A (zh) | 2013-01-02 |
CN102859657B (zh) | 2015-04-08 |
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