WO2012126251A1 - 一种无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统 - Google Patents

一种无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012126251A1
WO2012126251A1 PCT/CN2011/082565 CN2011082565W WO2012126251A1 WO 2012126251 A1 WO2012126251 A1 WO 2012126251A1 CN 2011082565 W CN2011082565 W CN 2011082565W WO 2012126251 A1 WO2012126251 A1 WO 2012126251A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hydrogen fluoride
absorption
recovery system
anhydrous hydrogen
safe production
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PCT/CN2011/082565
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈学敏
叶清东
余跃明
周四海
杨军
周志
Original Assignee
深圳市新星轻合金材料股份有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市新星轻合金材料股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市新星轻合金材料股份有限公司
Priority to ES11861636.6T priority Critical patent/ES2586735T3/es
Priority to US13/504,686 priority patent/US9149767B2/en
Priority to GB201223142A priority patent/GB2496326B/en
Priority to EP11861636.6A priority patent/EP2570175B1/en
Publication of WO2012126251A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012126251A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B7/00—Halogens; Halogen acids
    • C01B7/19—Fluorine; Hydrogen fluoride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B7/00—Halogens; Halogen acids
    • C01B7/19—Fluorine; Hydrogen fluoride
    • C01B7/191—Hydrogen fluoride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B9/00—General methods of preparing halides
    • C01B9/08—Fluorides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
    • B01D2252/10—Inorganic absorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/204—Inorganic halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/2047—Hydrofluoric acid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1406—Multiple stage absorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
    • B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a zero pollution recovery system for safe production of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride, in particular to a zero pollution recovery system for safe production of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride with absolute guarantee for its surrounding environment.
  • Anhydrous hydrogen fluoride is an important industrial raw material, but it is a very strong corrosive agent. It is highly toxic and harmful to nature. Once it causes hydrogen fluoride leakage, it has 4 large people for surrounding people and crops. harm. Moreover, in the preparation process, hydrogen fluoride leakage is inevitably generated during feeding and discharging; further, if the temperature control in the reaction is not good, or the reaction speed is fast, the pressure is too large, and at this time, both ends of the reactor are set. The safety valve opens automatically, and hydrogen fluoride gas escaping from both ends of the reactor, polluting the environment and causing large waste.
  • the present invention provides a zero pollution recovery system capable of achieving absolute safety of safe production of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride, comprising: an isolation chamber, a reactor for generating hydrogen fluoride, and a pool; the reactor is disposed in the isolation The chamber is disposed at the bottom of the isolation chamber; an absorption cover for absorbing hydrogen fluoride gas is disposed above the two ends of the reactor; and at least two absorption towers connected in series with each other by a pipeline are disposed above the isolation chamber; Upper and lower portions of the absorption tower are respectively provided with water pipes connected to the pool; the pipes are provided with a cooler, and a receiver connected to the pool.
  • the advantage is that the range of diffusion of hydrogen fluoride can be controlled. If the pressure in the reactor is too large, hydrogen fluoride can be escaping, which can be controlled in the isolation chamber, prevent the gas from running out, and avoid environmental pollution. The liberated hydrogen fluoride gas can be efficiently recovered and utilized.
  • the absorption cover will set it.
  • the setting of the cooler will lower the temperature of the hydrogen fluoride in the absorption tower in time to ensure the absorption process.
  • the upper and the bottom of the absorption tower are respectively provided with water pipes connected to the water pool, and the upper water pipe sprays the absorbed gas, which not only can continuously provide the water required in the absorption tower, but also can improve the absorption gas of the absorption tower.
  • the ability of the bottom water pipe to allow the hydrogen fluoride-absorbed water to flow into the pool, and the receiver can also be configured to pass the hydrofluoric acid that has been absorbed by the absorption tower and cooled by the cooler into the pool, and the water in the pool is sufficient to absorb all
  • the hydrogen fluoride gas reacted, if the reactor bursts, the hydrogen fluoride gas generated can be completely absorbed by the water in the pool, ensuring that the hydrogen fluoride is not allowed to run out to ensure the absolute safety of the surrounding environment, and the absorbed hydrofluoric acid can be reused. , saving resources and improving absorption efficiency.
  • the absorption tower is provided with a porous plastic ball.
  • the absorption towers connected to each side of the absorption cover are three.
  • the invention further adopts the above technical features, and has the advantages that the water of the water pipe above the absorption tower sprays the porous plastic ball, which can increase the absorption area of the water and the porous plastic ball, enhance the absorption capacity of the absorption tower, and make the absorption tower as
  • the absorption of hydrogen fluoride gas is preferably three, which is sufficient to ensure sufficient absorption of hydrogen fluoride gas, energy saving, and waste reduction.
  • a shower is mounted on the top of the isolation chamber, and a detector for detecting and alarming.
  • the present invention further adopts the above technical features, and has the advantages that if the detector detects that the concentration of hydrogen fluoride in the room reaches a certain concentration, the shower will automatically open, spray the gas, and the absorbed water flows into the pool, in the pool.
  • the water can be used as hydrofluoric acid and recycled, further saving resources and improving absorption efficiency.
  • the absorption cover and the pipe are provided with a fan for pumping away gas, and the absorption cover is further provided with a fan speed controller.
  • the invention further adopts the above technical features, and has the advantages that the setting of the fan accelerates the flow of the gas, so that the gas is absorbed more thoroughly by the water, and the fan speed controller can adjust the rotation speed of the fan, control the pumping force, the normal speed and The wind power is relatively small.
  • the isolation chamber is further provided with an absorption tank for absorbing the remaining gas absorbed by the absorption tower.
  • a lime pool is disposed under the isolation chamber, and the upper and bottom portions of the absorption tank are respectively connected to the lime pool.
  • the absorption tank is provided with a porous plastic ball.
  • the present invention further adopts the above technical features, and has the advantages that the absorption tower is further provided with a lime water absorption tank, the absorption tank is provided with a porous plastic ball, and the upper and the bottom of the absorption tank are respectively connected with the lime pool, and the absorption tank is There is also a pipe above, which sprays the porous plastic ball in the tank, and the absorbed lime water enters the lime pool from the bottom, so that it can form a circulation with the lime pool.
  • the absorption tank is provided with smoke for extracting residual gas absorbed by the absorption tank.
  • the present invention further adopts the above technical features, and has the advantages that the hydrogen fluoride gas and the water vapor remaining after absorption by the absorption tower can be further absorbed, and the last residual gas can be extracted through the chimney, and the height of the smoke is preferably 50 meters, and the smoke is extracted.
  • the concentration of hydrogen fluoride in the gas has met the emission standards, does not pollute the environment, and minimizes harmful gases in the isolation chamber.
  • the shape of the absorbing cover is semicircular, circular or polygonal.
  • the present invention further adopts the above technical features, and has the advantages that the shape of the corresponding absorption cover is designed for the shape of the opening of the safety valve on both sides of the reactor, and can be designed to be semicircular, circular or square, and other gases capable of effectively absorbing hydrogen fluoride gas.
  • the shape is beneficial to improve the pumping and drafting effects of the fan, save energy, and further improve the efficiency of absorbing hydrogen fluoride and reduce environmental pollution.
  • the two sides of the isolation chamber are symmetrically disposed, respectively: an observation window made of plexiglass, a steel door, and an air inlet for introducing an outside wind.
  • the invention further adopts the above technical features, and has the advantages that the reactors in the system are provided with plastic steel doors on both sides, and the interior is made of plastic from the outside of the steel material, so as to prevent corrosion; and the observation of using the organic glass material is provided
  • the window allows the technician to observe the situation inside.
  • the air inlets on both sides can push hydrogen fluoride gas into the absorption hood to make hydrogen fluoride
  • One step is controlled in the isolation chamber to prevent it from leaking out, ensuring absolute safety in production.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • a zero pollution recovery system for safe production of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride includes: an isolation chamber 20, a reactor 10 for generating hydrogen fluoride, and a pool 40 disposed at the bottom; the reactor 10 is disposed in the isolation In the chamber 20, an absorption cover 21 for absorbing hydrogen fluoride gas is disposed above the two ends of the reactor 10; at least two absorption towers 23 connected in series with each other by a pipe are disposed above the isolation chamber 20; A water pipe connected to the water pool 30 is respectively disposed at an upper portion and a bottom portion of the water tank 30.
  • the pipe is provided with a cooler 232 and a receiver 233 connected to the water pool 40.
  • the absorption tower 23 is provided with a porous plastic ball 231.
  • a sprayer 24 is mounted on the isolation chamber 20, and a detector for detecting and alarming
  • a fan 22 for pumping off gas is disposed between the absorption hood 21 and the absorption tower 23, and between the absorption towers 23; a fan speed controller 27 is disposed on the absorbing cover 21.
  • the isolation chamber 20 is further provided with an absorption tank 26 for absorbing the remaining gas absorbed by the absorption tower 23.
  • a lime pool 50 is disposed below the isolation chamber 20, and the upper and bottom portions of the absorption tank 26 are connected to the lime pool 50, respectively.
  • the absorbing hood 21 will draw it out and absorb it into the absorption tower 23, and ensure that the hydrogen fluoride gas does not diffuse in the isolation chamber 20. If the temperature inside the absorption tower 23 is too high, it will go out, which will be unsafe, and And causing pollution, the arrangement of the cooler 232 allows the temperature of the hydrogen fluoride in the absorption tower 23 to be lowered in time to ensure the absorption process.
  • the water pipe above the absorption tower 23 sprays the absorbed porous plastic ball 231 gas to expand the contact surface area of the water and the absorption gas, so that not only the water required in the absorption tower 23 but also the absorption tower can be further provided.
  • 23 The ability to absorb gas the water pipe at the bottom can flow the hydrogen fluoride-absorbing water into the pool 40, the receiver 233 is arranged to absorb the hydrofluoric acid absorbed by the absorption tower 23, and the hydrofluoric acid inflow after cooling by the cooler 232
  • the absorbed hydrofluoric acid can be reused, and a pipe is arranged above the absorption tank 26 to spray the porous plastic ball in the tank, and the absorbed lime water enters the lime pool 50 from the bottom, so that It can form a circulation with the lime pool 50, which saves resources and improves absorption efficiency.
  • the two sides of the isolation chamber 20 are symmetrically disposed respectively: an observation window 31 made of plexiglass, a plastic steel door 30, and, for introducing an external wind. Tuyere 32.
  • the invention further adopts the above technical features, and has the advantages that the plastic steel door 30 is made of plastic material from the inside and is made of plastic, so that it can be corrosion-proof, and the observation window 31 of the plexiglass material can facilitate the technician to observe the inside. Case.
  • the arrangement of the air inlets 32 on both sides can push the hydrogen fluoride gas into the absorption cover 21, and further control it in the isolation chamber 20 so as not to be leaked out, thereby ensuring absolute safety of production.
  • the drawing of the absorption tower on the one side of the absorption cover 21 is omitted as compared with FIG. 2.
  • the absorption groove 26 is provided with a chimney 60 for extracting the passage.
  • the absorption tank 26 absorbs the remaining gas.
  • the concentration of hydrogen fluoride extracted at this time has met the emission standards, does not cause pollution to the environment, and can minimize the harmful gases in the isolation chamber.
  • the present invention further employs the above-described technical features, and has an advantage in that if hydrogen fluoride gas is not absorbed, it can be evacuated through the chimney 60 to minimize the harmful gases in the isolation chamber 20.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统，包括：隔离室、产生氟化氢的反应器、以及水池；所述反应器设置在所述隔离室内；所述水池设置在所述隔离室底部；所述反应器的两端上方分别设置有用于吸收氟化氢气体的吸收罩；所述隔离室上方设置有至少两个用管道相互串联的吸收塔；所述吸收塔的上方和底部分别设置有与所述水池连接的水管；所述管道上设置有冷却器、以及与所述水池相连的接收器。本发明的有益效果是：能够控制氟化氢扩散的范围，若反应器内的压力太大，有氟化氢跑出，可控制在隔离室内，不让气体跑出，避免对环境的污染。并且还可以将逸出的氟化氢气体有效地回收利用。

Description

一种无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统，尤其涉及一 种对其周边环境有绝对性保证的无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统。
背景技术
无水氟化氢是一种重要的工业原料， 但其本身是一种极强的腐蚀剂， 有剧毒， 对自然的危害很大， 一旦引起氟化氢泄露， 对周边的人及农作物 都有 4艮大的危害。 并且在制备过程中， 加料和放料时不可避免地会产生氟 化氢泄露； 再者， 若反应中温度控制不好， 或者反应速度的快慢， 会引起 压力过大， 此时， 反应器两端设置的安全阀会自动打开， 氟化氢气体会从 反应器两端跑出来， 污染环境， 并且还造成大的浪费。
基于以上原因， 如何发明一种无水氟化氢的安全环保制备及回收利用 关系到氟化氢生产行业的前景， 也关系到当地环境资源的保护， 更关系到 国家大力提倡的清洁生产工艺及资源综合利用政策的贯彻执行。 发明内容
为了解决以上技术问题， 本发明提供一种能实现绝对安全的无水氟化 氢安全生产的零污染回收系统， 包括： 隔离室、 产生氟化氢的反应器、 以 及水池； 所述反应器设置在所述隔离室内； 所述水池设置在所述隔离室底 部； 所述反应器的两端上方分别设置有用于吸收氟化氢气体的吸收罩； 所 述隔离室上方设置有至少两个用管道相互串联的吸收塔； 所述吸收塔的上 方和底部分别设置有与所述水池连接的水管； 所述管道上设置有冷却器， 以及， 与所述水池相连的接收器。
与现有技术相比， 其优点在于， 可以控制氟化氢扩散的范围， 若反应 器内的压力太大， 有氟化氢跑出， 既可控制在隔离室内， 不让气体跑出， 避免对环境的污染， 又可以将逸出的氟化氢气体有效地回收， 加以利用。
具体来说， 氟化氢气体如果从反应器两端跑出来后， 吸收罩会将其定 向抽取并吸收进入吸收塔内， 并且保证氟化氢气体不在隔离室内扩散。 如 果吸收塔内的温度太高， 会往外沖， 这样会不安全， 并且造成污染， 冷却 器的设置， 使吸收塔内氟化氢的温度能及时降下来， 保证了吸收的进程。
所述吸收塔的上方和底部分别设置有与所述水池连接的水管， 上方的 水管对吸收进来的气体进行喷淋，不但能够不断提供吸收塔内所需要的水， 更能提高吸收塔吸收气体的能力， 底部的水管可以将吸收过氟化氢的水流 入水池中， 并且接收器的设置也可以将经过吸收塔吸收和冷却器冷却后的 氢氟酸流入水池中，并且水池中的水足够吸收所有反应出来的氟化氢气体， 若反应器发生爆裂， 产生的氟化氢气体也可以完全被水池中的水吸收， 保 证不让氟化氢跑出以保证周边环境的绝对安全， 并且吸收后的氢氟酸可以 再利用， 节约了资源， 提高了吸收效率。
优选的， 所述吸收塔内装有多孔塑料球。
优选的， 所述每侧吸收罩连接的吸收塔为三个。
本发明进一步采用上述技术特征， 其优点在于， 吸收塔上方水管的水 对多孔塑料球进行喷淋， 能够增加水与多孔塑料球的吸收面积， 增强吸收 塔吸收气体的能力， 使吸收塔尽可能多地吸收氟化氢气体， 优选为三个， 这样既能保证充分吸收氟化氢气体， 又能节约能源， 减少浪费。
所述隔离室顶部安装有喷淋器， 以及， 用于检测并报警的探测器。 本发明进一步采用上述技术特征， 其优点在于， 若探测器检测到室内 氟化氢的浓度达到一定浓度时， 喷淋器会自动打开， 对气体进行喷淋， 将 吸收后的水流入水池中， 水池中的水可以作为氢氟酸， 并且循环使用， 进 一步节约了资源， 提高了吸收效率。
优选的， 所述吸收罩和所述管道上设置有用于抽走气体的风机， 所述 吸收罩上还设置有风机转速控制器。
本发明进一步采用上述技术特征， 其优点在于， 风机的设置加速了气 体的流动， 使气体被水吸收得更彻底， 风机转速控制器可以调节风机的转 速， 控制风机抽的力量， 正常时候速度和风力比较小， 当隔离室内氟化氢 气体浓度比较高时， 为了吸收气体， 风机的风力会自动调大， 这样更能节 能环保， 安全。 优选的， 所述隔离室上还设置有用于吸收经所述吸收塔吸收后的剩余 气体的吸收槽。
优选的， 所述隔离室下方设置有石灰水池， 所述吸收槽的上方和底部 分别与所述石灰水池连接。
优选的， 所述吸收槽内装有多孔塑料球。
本发明进一步采用上述技术特征， 其优点在于， 吸收塔中再装一个石 灰水的吸收槽， 吸收槽内装有多孔塑料球， 且吸收槽的上方和底部分别与 所述石灰水池连接， 吸收槽的上方也设有管道， 对槽内的多孔塑料球进行 喷淋， 吸收后的石灰水再从底部进入石灰水池中， 这样可以与所述石灰水 池形成循环。
优选的， 所述吸收槽上设置有烟 , 用于抽出经所述吸收槽吸收后的 剩余气体。
本发明进一步采用上述技术特征， 其优点在于， 可以进一步吸收经吸 收塔吸收后剩余的氟化氢气体以及水蒸气， 最后的残留气体可以通过烟囱 抽出去，且烟 的高度优选为 50米，抽出去的气体中氟化氢的浓度已经符 合了排放的标准， 对环境不会造成污染， 并且还能使隔离室中的有害气体 尽可能达到最低。
优选的， 所述吸收罩的形状采用半圓形、 圓形或者多边形。
本发明进一步采用上述技术特征， 其优点在于， 针对反应器两侧安全 阀的洞口的形态设计相应的吸收罩的形状， 可以设计为半圓形， 圓形或者 方形， 以及其它可以有效吸取氟化氢气体的形状， 这样有利于提高风机的 抽力和抽风的效果， 节省能源， 能够进一步提高吸收氟化氢的效率， 减少 对环境的污染。
优选的， 所述隔离室的两侧分别对称设置有： 用有机玻璃制成的观察 窗， 塑钢门， 以及， 用于引入外风的进风口。
本发明进一步采用上述技术特征， 其优点在于， 本系统中的反应器的 两侧设置有塑钢门， 内部由钢材料外部由塑料制作而成，这样可以防腐蚀； 且设置有用有机玻璃材料的观察窗， 可以方便技术人员在外面观察里面的 情况。 两边进风口的设置， 可以将氟化氢气体推入吸收罩中， 使氟化氢进 一步控制在隔离室中， 不让其泄露出去， 保证生产的绝对安全。 附图说明
图 1是本发明一种实施例的结构示意图。
图 2是本发明一种实施例的结构示意图。
图 3是本发明一种实施例的结构示意图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图， 对本发明的较优的实施例作进一步的详细说明： 实施例 1 :
如图 1所示， 一种无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统， 包括： 隔 离室 20、 产生氟化氢的反应器 10、 以及设置在底部的水池 40; 所述反应 器 10设置在所述隔离室 20内；所述反应器 1 0的两端上方分别设置有用于 吸收氟化氢气体的吸收罩 21 ; 所述隔离室 20上方设置有至少两个用管道 相互串联的吸收塔 23 ; 所述吸收塔 23的上方和底部分别设置有与所述水 池 30连接的水管； 所述管道上设置有冷却器 232、 以及与所述水池 40相 连的接收器 233。
所述吸收塔 23内装有多孔塑料球 231。
所述隔离室 20上安装有喷淋器 24, 以及， 用于检测并报警的探测器
25。
所述吸收罩 21与所述吸收塔 23之间， 以及，所述吸收塔 23之间设置 有用于抽走气体的风机 22 ; 所述吸收罩 21上设置有风机转速控制器 27。
所述隔离室 20上还设置有用于吸收经所述吸收塔 23吸收后的剩余气 体的吸收槽 26。
所述隔离室 20下方设置有石灰水池 50,所述吸收槽 26的上方和底部 分别与所述石灰水池 50连接。
具体来说， 氟化氢气体如果从反应器 10两端跑出来后， 吸收罩 21会 将其定向抽取并吸收进入吸收塔 23 内， 并且保证氟化氢气体不在隔离室 20内扩散。 如果吸收塔 23内的温度太高， 会往外沖， 这样会不安全， 并 且造成污染，冷却器 232的设置，使吸收塔 23内氟化氢的温度能及时降下 来， 保证了吸收的进程。
所述吸收塔 23上方的水管对吸收进来的多孔塑料球 231 气体进行喷 淋， 扩大水与吸收气体的接触表面积， 这样， 不但能够不断提供吸收塔 23 内所需要的水，更能提高吸收塔 23吸收气体的能力，底部的水管可以将吸 收过氟化氢的水流入水池 40中， 接收器 233的设置可以将吸收塔 23吸收 后的氢氟酸， 以及经过冷却器 232冷却后的氢氟酸流入水池 40中，吸收后 的氢氟酸可以再利用，吸收槽 26的上方也设有管道，对槽内的多孔塑料球 进行喷淋，吸收后的石灰水再从底部进入石灰水池 50中，这样可以与所述 石灰水池 50形成循环， 节约了资源， 提高了吸收效率。
实施例 2:
如图 2所示，与实施例 1不同的是，所述隔离室 20的两侧分别对称设 置有： 用有机玻璃制成的观察窗 31 , 塑钢门 30, 以及， 用于引入外风的进 风口 32。
本发明进一步采用上述技术特征，其优点在于，塑钢门 30是由里面是 钢材料外面是塑料制作而成， 这样可以防腐蚀， 用有机玻璃材料的观察窗 31 , 可以方便技术人员在外面观察里面的情况。 两边进风口 32的设置， 可 以将氟化氢气体推入吸收罩 21中， 进一步控制在隔离室 20中， 不让其泄 露出去， 保证生产的绝对安全。
实施例 3:
如图 3所示，与图 2相比，其中一侧的吸收罩 21上的吸收塔的图省略， 与实施例 2不同的是， 所述吸收槽 26上设置有烟囱 60, 用于抽出经所述 吸收槽 26吸收后的剩余气体。此时抽出去的氟化氢的浓度已经符合了排放 的标准， 对环境不会造成污染， 并且还能使隔离室中的有害气体尽可能达 到最低。
本发明进一步采用上述技术特征， 其优点在于， 如果还有氟化氢气体 没有被吸收， 可以通过烟囱 60抽出去， 使隔离室 20中的有害气体尽可能 达到最低。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说 明， 不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。 对于本发明所属技术 领域的普通技术人员来说， 在不脱离本发明构思的前提下， 还可以做出若 干筒单推演或替换， 都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统， 其特征在于， 包括： 隔离室、 产生氟化氢的反应器、 以及水池； 所述反应器设置在所述隔离室 内； 所述水池设置在所述隔离室底部； 所述反应器的两端上方分别设置有 用于吸收氟化氢气体的吸收罩； 所述隔离室上方设置有至少两个用管道相 互串联的吸收塔； 所述吸收塔的上方和底部分别设置有与所述水池连接的 水管； 所述管道上设置有冷却器、 以及与所述水池相连的接收器。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统，其特 征在于， 所述隔离室顶部安装有喷淋器、 以及用于检测并报警的探测器。
3、如权利要求 1所述的无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统，其特 征在于， 所述吸收罩和所述管道上设置有用于抽走气体的风机， 所述吸收 罩上还设置有风机转速控制器。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统，其特 征在于， 所述隔离室上还设置有用于吸收经所述吸收塔吸收后的剩余气体 的吸收槽。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统，其特 征在于， 所述隔离室下方设置有石灰水池， 所述吸收槽的上方和底部分别 与所述石灰水池连接。
6、如权利要求 1所述的无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统，其特 征在于， 所述吸收塔和所述吸收槽内装有多孔塑料球。
7、如权利要求 2所述的无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统，其特 征在于， 所述吸收塔和所述吸收槽内装有多孔塑料球。
8、如权利要求 3所述的无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统，其特 征在于， 所述吸收塔和所述吸收槽内装有多孔塑料球。
9、如权利要求 4所述的无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统，其特 征在于， 所述吸收塔和所述吸收槽内装有多孔塑料球。
10、 如权利要求 6所述的无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统， 其 特征在于， 所述吸收槽上设置有烟 , 用于抽出经所述吸收槽吸收后的剩 余气体。
11、 如权利要求 7所述的无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统， 其 特征在于， 所述吸收槽上设置有烟 , 用于抽出经所述吸收槽吸收后的剩 余气体。
12、 如权利要求 8所述的无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统， 其 特征在于， 所述吸收槽上设置有烟 , 用于抽出经所述吸收槽吸收后的剩 余气体。
13、 如权利要求 9所述的无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统， 其 特征在于， 所述吸收槽上设置有烟 , 用于抽出经所述吸收槽吸收后的剩 余气体。
14、 如权利要求 1所述的无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统， 其 特征在于， 所述吸收罩的形状采用半圓形、 圓形或者多边形。
15、 如权利要求 1所述的无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统， 其 特征在于，所述隔离室的两侧分别对称设置有： 用有机玻璃制成的观察窗、 塑钢门、 以及用于引入外风的进风口。
16、如权利要求 1所述的无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统，其特 征在于， 所述每侧吸收罩连接的吸收塔为三个。
17、 如权利要求 2所述的无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统， 其 特征在于， 所述每侧吸收罩连接的吸收塔为三个。
PCT/CN2011/082565 2011-10-31 2011-11-21 一种无水氟化氢安全生产的零污染回收系统 WO2012126251A1 (zh)

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