WO2012116475A1 - 一种水稻机插盘育秧塑根剂及其施用方法 - Google Patents

一种水稻机插盘育秧塑根剂及其施用方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012116475A1
WO2012116475A1 PCT/CN2011/000552 CN2011000552W WO2012116475A1 WO 2012116475 A1 WO2012116475 A1 WO 2012116475A1 CN 2011000552 W CN2011000552 W CN 2011000552W WO 2012116475 A1 WO2012116475 A1 WO 2012116475A1
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ppm
rice
concentration
plant growth
growth regulator
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PCT/CN2011/000552
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French (fr)
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欧阳由男
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中国水稻研究所
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Priority to JP2013518934A priority Critical patent/JP5635692B2/ja
Publication of WO2012116475A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012116475A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/66—1,3,5-Triazines, not hydrogenated and not substituted at the ring nitrogen atoms

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of crop seedling rooting agent, and specifically relates to a rice machine insertion seedling plastic rooting agent and an application method thereof.
  • the rice transplanter is transplanted with plastic trays.
  • the commonly used plastic discs are 58cm long, 28cm wide and 2cm high.
  • the general hybrid rice is 80-100g per bud, and the conventional rice is 120-150g.
  • the roots of the rice grow in a coiled state at the bottom of the pan, and many roots are intertwined.
  • a white root blanket is formed at the bottom of the pan. These roots are coiled in a soil with a thickness of only 2-2. 5 cm. In a crowded state, the number of root hairs is reduced, resulting in a decrease in the quality of dish seedlings.
  • the root system is broken and damaged, which causes the seedling machine to return to the green, slow, rooting and tillering, which affects rice yield and quality, especially in the northeast single rice region and the southern early rice region in China.
  • the production mainly uses various fertilization methods and root growth accelerating agents to promote the growth of 3 ⁇ 4 j rice roots, in order to reduce the root of the machine, but in fact Excessive roots in the machine will cause more damage to the seedlings when the machine is transplanted; 2 part of the rice farmers use the excessive roots at the bottom of the plate before cutting the machine to reduce the excessive insertion of the bottom of the sampler when the machine is inserted.
  • the cultivation of the tray is another method, such as the ⁇ -shaped plaque, the ⁇ -shaped ⁇ The structure of the seedling tray, the method of raising the shovel under the blanket, and the improvement of the machine insertion technology can improve the precision seeding and breeding, especially for the cultivation of hybrid rice seedlings.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a technical solution for the application method of a rice machine insertion seedling plastic rooting agent, which comprises an auxin plant growth regulator and sodium dichloroisocyanurate. It can significantly promote the growth of the transplanted seedlings, and the tiller occurs early, significantly increasing the effective panicles, thereby significantly increasing rice yield.
  • the rice machine insertion seedling plastic rooting agent is characterized in that it comprises an auxin plant growth regulator and dichloroisocyanuric acid, and the concentration of the growth hormone plant growth regulator is l-10 pp m , dichloro The concentration of sodium cyanide is 50-200 ppm.
  • the rice machine inserting seedling plasticizing agent is characterized in that the auxin plant growth regulator is naphthaleneacetic acid, sodium naphthaleneacetate, phthalic acid, indolebutyric acid, naphthoxyacetic acid, 4 One or more mixtures of iodophenoxyacetic acid.
  • the rice machine inserting seedlinging plasticizing agent is characterized in that the concentration of the auxin plant growth regulator is 2-8 ppm, 1 ⁇ 4- 6 ppm.
  • the rice machine inserting seedlinging plasticizing agent is characterized in that the concentration of the sodium dichloroisocyanurate is 100-180 ppm, i 120-170 ppm.
  • the method for applying the rice machine insertion seedling plastic rooting agent is characterized in that: when the rooting agent is used for seed soaking, the concentration of the auxin plant growth regulator used in the indica rice is l-3 ppm, and the auxin plant used in the indica rice
  • the growth regulator concentration is 2-5ppm
  • the concentration of sodium dichloroisocyanurate is 50-200ppm
  • the solution can be immersed in seeds
  • the soaking time is 40-50 hours for japonica rice, 70-80 hours for japonica rice, and not washed after soaking
  • germination is carried out in accordance with conventional methods.
  • the method for applying the rice cultivating seedling of the rice cultivating machine is characterized in that the concentration of the auxin plant growth regulator used in the glutinous rice is 1. 5 - 2 ppm, and the concentration of the auxin plant growth regulator used in the glutinous rice is The concentration of sodium 3-4 ppm, sodium dichloroisocyanurate is 100-180 ppm, preferably 150-170 ppm ; the soaking time is 42-45 hours for indica and 72-75 hours for indica rice.
  • the method for applying the rice machine insertion seedling plastic rooting agent is characterized in that: when the plastic rooting agent is applied, the concentration of the auxin plant growth regulator used in the indica rice is 4-8 ppm, and the auxin used in the indica rice is used.
  • the plant growth regulator is 5-10 pp m , and the concentration of sodium dichloroisocyanurate is 50-200 ppm.
  • the spraying time can be 1 seedling 1 seedling before seeding after seeding, and each standard machine is inserted into the tray.
  • the amount of sprayed solution is 10-20ml o
  • the method for applying a rice machine insertion seedling plastic rooting agent is characterized in that the concentration of the auxin plant growth regulator used in the japonica rice is 5-6 ppm, and the concentration of the auxin plant growth regulator used in the japonica rice is 7-
  • the concentration of 9 ppm of sodium dichloroisocyanurate is 100-180 ppm, preferably 150-170 ppm.
  • Sodium naphthaleneacetate is an auxin-like substance and a broad-spectrum plant growth regulator.
  • the sodium naphthaleneacetate may be replaced by an auxin plant growth regulator such as naphthaleneacetic acid, sodium naphthaleneacetate, phthalic acid, indolebutyric acid, naphthoxyacetic acid or 4-iodophenoxyacetic acid.
  • Sodium naphthaleneacetate has the action characteristics and physiological functions of endogenous auxin, such as promoting cell division and expansion, inducing the formation of adventitious roots, increasing fruit setting, preventing fruit drop, and changing the ratio of stamens and flowers.
  • Sodium dichlorocyanurate is a high-efficiency, broad-spectrum, new systemic fungicide with a strong killing effect. When rice is soaked, it can slowly release hypochlorous acid. By denaturation of the bacterial protein, the membrane is transparent. Sexuality, interfering with the physiological and biochemical system of the enzyme system and affecting the process of DNA synthesis, causing the pathogen to die rapidly. At 50 ppm or more, the sterilization rate exceeds 99%, killing various bacteria, algae, fungi and germs.
  • Sodium dichloroisocyanurate is chemically stable. Under normal conditions, the effective chlorine loss within half a year is less than 1%, which is convenient for storage and transportation. It is safe, simple, low in dosage and long in efficacy.
  • the above-mentioned rice machine insertion seedling plastic rooting agent uses the higher concentration of sodium naphthaleneacetate to inhibit the growth of rice roots and the physiological characteristics of root growth at a lower concentration, and the seedling growth of the field after rice seedling insertion and machine insertion.
  • the agronomic requirements are combined to create a higher concentration of sodium naphthaleneacetate in the nursery tray to control the roots and elongation of the seedlings, reduce the damage to the roots and plants of the seedlings after transplanting, and the sodium naphthalene acetate around the roots of the seedlings after transplanting.
  • the rooting agent is applied to machine-inserted rice, which can significantly promote the growth of the transplanted seedlings, and the tillering occurs early, significantly increasing the effective ear, thereby significantly increasing rice yield.
  • the plasticizing agent adopts two application methods of seed soaking and spraying, which is simple to use and convenient to operate.
  • Formulation 1 Sodium naphthalene acetate 1 ppm, sodium dichloroisocyanurate concentration 50 ppm.
  • Formulation 2 sodium naphthaleneacetate 2 ppm, sodium dichloroisocyanurate concentration 200 ppm.
  • Formulation 3 sodium naphthaleneacetate 5 ppm, dichloroisocyanuric acid concentration of 150 ppm.
  • Formulation 4 sodium naphthaleneacetate 8 ppm, sodium dichloroisocyanurate concentration 200 ppm.
  • Formulation 5 sodium naphthaleneacetate 10 ppm, sodium dichloroisocyanurate concentration 120 ppm.
  • the sodium naphthaleneacetate may be replaced by one or more of naphthaleneacetic acid, sodium naphthaleneacetate, phthalic acid, indolebutyric acid, naphthoxyacetic acid, and 4-iodophenoxyacetic acid.
  • the above method for applying the rice transplanting seedling of the rice machine includes two methods of soaking and spraying.
  • the concentration of auxin plant growth regulator used in indica rice is 2ppm, indica rice
  • the auxin plant growth regulator concentration is 3ppm, the concentration of sodium dichloroisocyanurate is 200ppm ; the solution can be immersed in seeds, the soaking time is 42 hours for japonica rice, 72 hours for japonica rice, and no washing after soaking, directly Moisturize and germination in a 35-inch environment, and then germination in accordance with conventional methods.
  • the concentration of the auxin plant growth regulator used is 1 ppm, 3 ppm, and the concentration of the auxin plant growth regulator used in the indica rice is 2 ppm, 4 ppm, 5 ppm, and the concentration of sodium dichloroisocyanurate is 50 ppm.
  • lOOppra, 150ppm, 180ppm; soaking time is 40 hours, 45 hours, 50 hours for japonica rice, 70 hours, 75 hours, 80 hours for japonica rice.
  • Other methods are the same as above, and similar beneficial effects can be obtained.
  • the concentration of the auxin plant growth regulator used in the japonica rice is 5 ppm
  • the growth factor plant growth regulator used in the japonica rice is 8 ppm
  • the sodium dichloroisocyanurate concentration is 200 ppm.
  • the concentration of the auxin plant growth regulator used is 4 ppm, 6 ppm, 7 ppm, 8 ppm, and the concentration of the auxin plant growth regulator used in the indica rice is 5 ppm, 6 ppm, 7 ppm, 9 ppm, 10 ppm, dichloro
  • the concentration of sodium cyanide is 50ppm, 100ppm, 150ppm, 180ppm ; the application amount is 10ml, 12m 18ml 20ml, other methods can also achieve similar beneficial effects.
  • Field test treatment method When the seed soaking method is adopted, the soaking of the plastic rooting agent is carried out according to a conventional method, and the seeds after soaking the seeds are not required to be cleaned; when the spraying method is used, the soil filling, watering, etc. are carried out according to the conventional machine insertion method.
  • the trial was conducted in 2009 and 2010 at the standard experimental field of the China Rice Research Institute Experimental Farm (Zhejiang Fuyang ⁇ Huangtianyu). The application effects of the seedlings of early indica rice, single-season rice and late indica rice were tested. The experiment used large area comparison, and the large area was 15mX 20m. Before the transplanting, the seedling disease was investigated, and the quality of the seedlings was sampled and investigated.
  • Table 1 shows the quality of seedling seedlings soaked and sprayed with plastic rooting agent. The results showed that: the root length of the seedlings treated by the root-molding agent and the dry matter weight of the roots were significantly less than the control, and the average reduction was more than 50%. Leaf age and stem base width did not change significantly. The leaf area and the dry weight of the shoots changed significantly. Comprehensive analysis shows that the soaking and spraying of plastic rooting agent can significantly control the root growth of the seedlings without affecting the growth and development of the seedlings. It was observed in the test nursery tray that the root entanglement at the bottom of the seedling tray of the plastic root treatment was significantly reduced, but did not affect the rolling. The same test can be carried out in the first embodiment, the third embodiment and the fifth embodiment, and the advantageous effects can be attained.
  • the experimental results show that the treatment of plastic rooting agent can significantly reduce the occurrence of seedling disease.
  • the comparative data show that the effects of soaking and spraying on the control of seedling disease are basically the same. The same test was carried out in Example 1, Example 3 and Example 5, and the advantageous effects described above were also achieved. Table 3 The soaking time and the spraying time of the plastic rooting agent in the tray breeding ⁇ 32 and Xiushui 09 seedling machine
  • the transplanted water of the heart of the rice plant after transplanting is one of the signs of the growth of the green grass.
  • the heart spit water is a comprehensive reflection of the growth of the plant, and it is the most important and significant indicator of the growth of the greening tree. It can be seen from Table 3 that the rooting agent treatment can significantly shorten the time of heart water spitting. Among them, 2ppm soaked Zhongjiazao 32 seedlings, the heart spitting time after machine insertion is shortened by 7.3 days, and the 8ppm spraying is shortened.
  • Table 4 shows the growth of transplanted seedlings after root treatment. It can be seen from the table that the total number of roots per plant, the number of white roots per plant, and the number of tillers per plant were multiplied by the control at 12 days after transplanting; the average leaf age and average plant height were significantly increased. It can be seen that the seedlings soaked and sprayed after the transplanting of the roots are significantly faster than the control, especially the root development and tillering after transplanting. The same tests were carried out in Example 1, Example 3 and Example 5, and the benefits were also achieved.
  • Table 5 shows the actual production and yield components of Zhongjiazao 32 and Xiushui 09 treated with plasticizer. It can be seen from Table 4 that the actual yield of Zhongjiazao 32 was increased by 10.47% and 12.14%, respectively, while Xiushui 09 increased by 16.92% and 12.47%, respectively. .
  • the treatment of plastic rooting agent significantly increased the number of effective panicles in the field, and had no significant effect on the total number of grains per seed and the seed setting rate. The same test was carried out in Example 1, Example 3 and Example 5, and the advantageous effects described above were also achieved.

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Description

说明书
一种水稻輸盘育秧塑根剂及其施用方法 技术领域
本发明属于作物幼苗塑根剂技术领域， 具体为一种水稻机插盘育秧塑根剂及其 施用方法。
背景技术
水稻机插秧采用塑盘育秧， 常用的塑盘规格为长 58cm、 宽 28cm和高 2cm， 一 般杂交稻每盘播芽谷 80-100g， 常规稻播 120-150g。水稻根系在秧盘底层呈盘缠状 态生长， 很多根交织在一起， 在秧盘底部形成一张白色根毯， 这些根盘绕在厚度仅 为 2-2. 5厘米的盘土中， 根际呈十分拥挤状态， 使得根毛数目减少， 导致盘育苗质 量降低。 在机插时根系被拉断损伤， 致使秧苗机插后返青活棵慢， 发根和分蘖迟， 从而影响稻谷产量和品质， 尤其是我国东北单季稻区和南方早稻区。
对于机插秧根系损伤主要采用以下几种办法进行改善： ①生产上主要采用各种 施肥方法和根系生长促进剂， 以促 ¾ j稻根系生长， 以期望减轻机插伤根， 但是实 际上秧盘中过多的根系在机插秧时反而给秧苗带来更大的损伤；②部分稻农在机插 秧前采用剪除秧盘底部过多的根系， 以减轻机插时由于取样器拉扯底部过多的根系 而损伤上部的根系， 但是这种方法只适用于小面积农户， 而且费工费时； ③育秧盘 改造是另外一种方法， 如钵形毯状秧盘， 钵形毯状秧盘是从改造育秧盘结构， 实行 上毯下钵的育秧方法， 配合机插技术改进， 可提高精量播种育秧， 尤其对于杂交稻 机插秧苗培育具有一定作用。但是钵型毯状秧盘提高了秧盘成本， 钵形毯状秧苗机 插时的技术要求较高， 如果取样器不能准确的取到秧钵， 贝 I」和传统的盘育秧无异， 所以该项技术在我国大面积， 尤其是南方稻区推广具有一定难度。 发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的上述问题，本发明的目的在于设计提供一种水稻机插盘 育秧塑根剂的施用方法的技术方案， 含有生长素类植物生长调节剂和二氯异氰尿酸 钠， 能显著促进机插秧苗返青生长， 分蘖早发生， 显著增加有效穗， 从而显著增加 水稻产量。
所述的一种水稻机插盘育秧塑根剂，其特征在于含有生长素类植物生长调节剂 和二氯异氰尿酸， 生长素类植物生长调节剂的浓度为 l-10ppm， 二氯异氰尿酸钠的 浓度为 50- 200ppm。
所述的一种水稻机插盘育秧塑根剂， 其特征在于所述的生长素类植物生长调节 剂为萘乙酸、 萘乙酸钠、 吲哚丙酸、 吲哚丁酸、 萘氧乙酸、 4-碘苯氧乙酸中的一种 或一种以上混合物。
所述的一种水稻机插盘育秧塑根剂，其特征在于所述的生长素类植物生长调节 剂浓度为 2- 8ppm， 1^ 4- 6ppm。
所述的一种水稻机插盘育秧塑根剂，其特征在于所述的二氯异氰尿酸钠浓度为 100-180ppm, i 120-170 ppm。
所述的一种水稻机插盘育秧塑根剂的施用方法， 其特征在于塑根剂浸种施用 时：籼稻所用的生长素类植物生长调节剂浓度为 l-3ppm，粳稻所用的生长素类植物 生长调节剂浓度为 2-5ppm， 二氯异氰尿酸钠浓度均为 50- 200ppm; 溶液以浸没种子 即可， 浸种时间籼稻为 40-50小时， 粳稻为 70- 80小时， 浸种结束后不清洗， 然后 按照常规方法催芽播种。
所述的一种水稻机插盘育秧塑根剂的施用方法， 其特征在于籼稻所用的生长素 类植物生长调节剂浓度为 1. 5- 2ppm， 粳稻所用的生长素类植物生长调节剂浓度为 3-4ppm, 二氯异氰尿酸钠浓度均为 100-180ppm， 优选 150-170 ppm; 浸种时间籼稻 为 42-45小时， 粳稻为 72-75小时。 所述的一种水稻机插盘育秧塑根剂的施用方法， 其特征在于塑根剂喷施施用 时：籼稻所用的生长素类植物生长调节剂浓度为 4- 8ppm，粳稻所用的生长素类植物 生长调节剂为 5-10ppm， 二氯异氰尿酸钠浓度均为 50- 200ppm， 喷施时间可以在秧 盘装土后播种前至播种后秧苗 1叶 1心， 每个标准机插秧盘喷施的溶液的量为 10-20ml o
所述的一种水稻机插盘育秧塑根剂的施用方法， 其特征在于籼稻所用的生长素 类植物生长调节剂浓度为 5- 6ppm， 粳稻所用的生长素类植物生长调节剂浓度为 7-9ppm, 二氯异氰尿酸钠浓度均为 100- 180ppm， 优选 150-170 ppm。
萘乙酸钠 （1- Naphthylacetic Acid, NAA-Na) 是类生长素物质， 也是一种广 谱性植物生长调节剂。 萘乙酸钠可用萘乙酸、 萘乙酸钠、 吲哚丙酸、 吲哚丁酸、 萘 氧乙酸、 4-碘苯氧乙酸等生长素类植物生长调节剂替代。萘乙酸钠具有内源生长素 吲哚乙酸的作用特点和生理功能， 如促进细胞分裂与扩大， 诱导形成不定根， 增加 坐果， 防止落果， 改变雌雄蕊花比率等。 在 0. 001- O. Olppm浓度范围内促进水稻根 的生长和有利于不定根的发育，超过 10mg/L则显著抑制根的生长，在 0. 001- lOppm 范围内对水稻芽的生长影响较小。应用萘乙酸钠绝大多数是运用其低浓度促进作物 根系和幼苗的生长的生理作用， 对萘乙酸钠较高浓度 ( l-2ppm)塑控作物根系的研 究较少。 截至目前为止， 运用较高浓度萘乙酸钠塑控水稻机插盘育秧苗根系， 减轻 机插对秧苗根系损伤， 提早返青和分蘖的应用则未见报道。
二氯氰尿酸钠是一种高效、 广谱、 新型内吸性杀菌剂， 有极强的杀生作用， 水 稻浸种时， 能缓慢释放出次氯酸， 通过使菌体蛋白质变性， 改变膜通透性， 干扰酶 系统生理生化及影响 DNA合成等过程， 使病原菌迅速死亡。 在 50ppm以上时， 杀菌 率超过 99%， 可杀灭各种细菌、藻类、真菌和病菌。二氯异氰尿酸钠化学性质稳定， 干燥条件下保存半年内有效氯下降不超过 1%， 便于储存运输； 使用安全、简便、用 量少、 药效持续时间长。 上述一种水稻机插盘育秧塑根剂，利用萘乙酸钠较高浓度抑制水稻根系生长和 较低浓度促进根系生长的生理特性，将之与水稻机插盘育秧和机插后大田的秧苗生 长的农艺要求相结合，在育秧盘中创建较高浓度的萘乙酸钠环境控制秧苗根系和植 株伸长伸张， 减轻机插时对秧苗根系和植株的损伤， 移栽后秧苗根系周围的萘乙酸 钠浓度降低， 促进根系发育和植株生长； 利用二氯异氰尿酸钠作为杀菌剂， 不但有 效防治机插盘育秧各种病害， 同时可促进秧苗白根发生， 有利于机插后根系恢复生 长， 促进整个植株的返青活棵； 所用萘乙酸钠极易溶解于水， 配制溶液方便快速； 所用萘乙酸钠和二氯异氰尿酸钠均为常用试剂， 获取方便， 费用低廉。 该塑根剂应 用于机插水稻， 能显著促进机插秧苗返青生长， 分蘖早发生， 显著增加有效穗， 从 而显著增加水稻产量。该塑根剂采用浸种施用和喷施施用两种施用方法，使用简单， 操作方便。
本申请文件中涉及的百分含量除另有说明外， 均指重量百分含量。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
配方 1: 萘乙酸钠 lppm, 二氯异氰尿酸钠浓度为 50ppm。
配方 2: 萘乙酸钠 2ppm， 二氯异氰尿酸钠浓度为 200ppm。
配方 3: 萘乙酸钠 5ppm， 二氯异氰尿^内浓度为 150ppm。
配方 4: 萘乙酸钠 8ppm， 二氯异氰尿酸钠浓度为 200ppm。
配方 5: 萘乙酸钠 10ppm， 二氯异氰尿酸钠浓度为 120ppm。
所述的萘乙酸钠可以用萘乙酸、 萘乙酸钠、 吲哚丙酸、 吲哚丁酸、 萘氧乙酸、 4-碘苯氧乙酸中的一种或一种以上混合物替代。
上述一种水稻机插盘育秧塑根剂的施用方法， 包括浸种施用和喷施施用两种方 法。
塑根剂浸种施用时： 籼稻所用的生长素类植物生长调节剂浓度为 2ppm， 粳稻所 用的生长素类植物生长调节剂浓度为 3ppm， 二氯异氰尿酸钠浓度均为 200ppm; 溶 液以浸没种子即可，浸种时间籼稻为 42小时，粳稻为 72小时，浸种结束后不清洗， 直接在 35Ό环境下保湿催芽，然后按照常规方法催芽播种。在该施用方法中： 所用 的生长素类植物生长调节剂浓度为 lppm、 3ppm,粳稻所用的生长素类植物生长调节 剂浓度为 2ppm、 4ppm、 5ppm, 二氯异氰尿酸钠浓度均为 50ppm、 lOOppra, 150ppm、 180ppm; 浸种时间籼稻为 40小时、 45小时、 50小时， 粳稻为 70小时、 75小时、 80小时， 其它方法同上， 也能取得相似的有益效果。
塑根剂喷施施用时： 籼稻所用的生长素类植物生长调节剂浓度为 5ppm， 粳稻所 用的生长素类植物生长调节剂为 8ppm， 二氯异氰尿酸钠浓度均为 200ppm， 喷施时 间可以在秧盘装土后播种前至播种后秧苗 1叶 1心， 每个标准机插秧盘喷施的溶液 的量为 15ml。在该施用方法中：所用的生长素类植物生长调节剂浓度为 4ppm、6ppm、 7ppm、 8ppm,粳稻所用的生长素类植物生长调节剂浓度为 5ppm、 6ppm、 7ppm、 9ppm、 lOppm,二氯异氰尿酸钠浓度均为 50ppm、 100ppm、 150ppm、 180ppm;施用量为 10ml、 12m 18ml 20ml , 其它方法同上， 也能取得相似的有益效果。
盘育秧其它的水肥和病虫害管理同当地的传统方法同。
为进一步说明本发明的有益效果， 下面通过相应的试验进行说明。
田间试验处理方法： 采用浸种方法时， 塑根剂的浸种按照常规方法进行， 要求 浸种后的种子不清洗； 采用喷施方法时， 秧盘填土、 灌水等按照常规机插盘育秧方 法进行。 试验于 2009年和 2010年， 在中国水稻研究所试验农场（浙江富阳 ·皇天 畈）的标准实验田进行。试验了早籼稻、单季稻和晚籼稻的机插盘育秧的应用效果， 试验采用大区对比， 大区面积为 15mX 20m。于移栽前调査秧苗病害、取样调査秧苗 素质， 在移栽后调査返青活棵情况， 在水稻收获时考种测产。试验结果塑根剂可使 机插秧苗返青活棵时间提早至移栽后 2-3天，提高稻谷产量 10-20%，应用效果显著。 表 1 塑根剂浸种和喷施的盘育秧中嘉早 32和秀水 09秧苗素质
Figure imgf000007_0001
注： 中嘉早 32秧龄为 24天； 秀水 09的秧龄为 25天。
表 1是塑根剂浸种和喷施的盘育秧苗素质。试验结果表明： 塑根剂处理的秧苗 根长显和根系的干物质重显著小于对照， 平均减小的幅度超过 50%。 叶龄和茎基宽 变化不明显。 叶面积和地上部干重则变化明显。 综合分析可知， 塑根剂浸种和喷施 可显著控制盘育秧根系生长， 而不影响秧苗的生长发育进程。试验育秧盘中观察发 现， 塑根剂处理的秧苗秧盘底部的根系缠绕虽然明显减小， 但不影响卷秧。 以实施 例 1、 实施例 3和实施例 5进行相同的试验， 也能达到所述的有益效果。
塑根剂浸种和喷施的盘育秧中嘉早 32和秀水 09的病害发生情况
Figure imgf000007_0002
实验结果表明：塑根剂处理可显著降低了盘育秧苗病害的发生，比较数据可知， 浸种和喷施处理对盘育秧苗病害防治效果基本一致。 以实施例 1、 实施例 3和实施 例 5进行相同的试验， 也能达到所述的有益效果。 表 3 塑根剂浸种和喷施的盘育秧中嘉早 32和秀水 09秧苗机插后吐水时间 （天)
Figure imgf000008_0001
注： 移栽后水稻植株心叶吐水为返青活棵生长的标志之一。 水稻移栽后心叶吐水是植株返青活棵生长的综合体现， 是最为重要和显著的返 青活棵生长观测指标。 由表 3可知， 塑根剂处理可显著缩短心叶吐水的时间， 其中 2ppm浸种的中嘉早 32秧苗， 机插后心叶吐水时间比对照缩短了 7. 3天， 8ppm喷施 的则缩短了 8. 9天， 縮短时间幅度为 51. 4%和 62. 7%; 而秀水 09则分别缩短了 3. 2 天禾卩 3. 6天， 缩短时间幅度为 46. 4%和 49. 3%。 田间观察， 不但心叶， 其他各叶片 的吐水时间均提前， 植株表现叶片挺立， 整体表现活棵生长特征， 塑根剂可显著增 强移栽后秧苗生长及提早返青。以实施例 1、实施例 3和实施例 5进行相同的试验， 也能达到所述的有益效果。
表 4 塑根剂浸种和喷施的秧苗机插后苗情（移栽后 12天取样调查) 水稻品 单株总 单株白根 单株分蘖 平均株高 塑根剂处理 平均
种 根数 数 数 cm 中嘉早
实施例 2浸种 20. 0 18. 0 5. 03 8. 47 41. 5
32 实施例 8喷施 19. 7 17. 5 5. 91 8. 74 39. 1
CK 12. 1 9. 2 2. 75 6. 47 33. 9 秀水 09 实施例 2浸种 25. 4 22. 4 6. 03 9. 67 42. 0 实施例 8喷施 29. 8 27. 8 6. 60 9. 47 44. 0
CK 16. 4 11. 8 4. 64 6. 40 36. 9 表 4是塑根剂处理后机插秧苗的生长情况。 由表可知移栽 12天时， 塑根剂处 理的秧苗单株总根数、 单株白根数、 单株分蘖数均倍增于对照； 平均叶龄和平均株 高则显著增加。分析可知塑根剂浸种和喷施的秧苗移栽后返青活棵生长较对照显著 加快， 尤其是移栽后的根系发育和分蘖的发生。 以实施例 1、 实施例 3和实施例 5 进行相同的试验， 也^ ¾到所述的有益效果。
表 5 塑根剂处理的中嘉早 32的产量及产量构成
Figure imgf000009_0001
表 5是塑根剂处理的中嘉早 32和秀水 09的实际产量和产量构成要素。 由表 4 可知塑根剂浸种和喷施处理的中嘉早 32 实际产量比对照分别增加了 10. 47%和 12. 14%,而秀水 09则分别增加了 16. 92%和 12. 47%。 分析产量要素中， 塑根剂处理 主要显著增加了田间有效穗数，对每穗总粒数和结实率的影响不显著。以实施例 1、 实施例 3和实施例 5进行相同的试验， 也能达到所述的有益效果。

Claims

权利要求书
1.一种水稻机插盘育秧塑根剂，其特征在于含有生长素类植物生长调节剂和二 氯异氰尿酸， 生长素类植物生长调节剂的浓度为 1- lOppm, 二氯异氰尿酸钠的浓度 为 50- 200ppm。
2.如权利要求 1所述的一种水稻机插盘育秧塑根剂，其特征在于所述的生长素 类植物生长调节剂为萘乙酸、 萘乙酸钠、 吲哚丙酸、 吲哚丁酸、 萘氧乙酸、 4-碘苯 氧乙酸中的一种或一种以上混合物。
3.如权利要求 1所述的一种水稻机插盘育秧塑根剂，其特征在于所述的生长素 类植物生长调节剂浓度为 2-8ppm， 优选 4- 6ppm。
4.如权利要求 1所述的一种水稻机插盘育秧塑根剂，其特征在于所述的二氯异 氰尿酸钠浓度为 100—180ppm， t½ 120-170 ppm。
5.如权利要求 1所述的一种水稻机插盘育秧塑根剂的施用方法， 其特征在于塑 根剂浸种施用时：籼稻所用的生长素类植物生长调节剂浓度为 l-3ppm，粳稻所用的 生长素类植物生长调节剂浓度为 2-5ppm， 二氯异氰尿酸钠浓度均为 50-200ppm; 溶 液以浸没种子即可， 浸种时间籼稻为 40-50小时， 粳稻为 70-80小时， 浸种结束后 不清洗， 然后按照常规方法催芽播种。
6.如权利要求 5所述的一种水稻机插盘育秧塑根剂的施用方法， 其特征在于籼 稻所用的生长素类植物生长调节剂浓度为 1. 5-2Ppm,粳稻所用的生长素类植物生长 调节剂浓度为 3- 4ppm， 二氯异氰尿酸钠浓度均为 100- 180ppm， 优选 150- 170 ppm; 浸种时间籼稻为 42-45小时， 粳稻为 72-75小时。
7.如权利要求 1所述的一种水稻机插盘育秧塑根剂的施用方法， 其特征在于塑 根剂喷施施用时：籼稻所用的生长素类植物生长调节剂浓度为 4-8ppm，粳稻所用的 生长素类植物生长调节剂为 5_10ppm， 二氯异氰尿酸钠浓度均为 50-200ppm， 喷施 时间可以在秧盘装土后播种前至播种后秧苗 1叶 1心， 每个标准机插秧盘喷施的溶 液的量为 10-20ml。
8.如权利要求 7所述的一种水稻机插盘育秧塑根剂的施用方法， 其特征在于籼 稻所用的生长素类植物生长调节剂浓度为 5~6ppm，粳稻所用的生长素类植物生长调 节剂浓度为 7- 9ppm， 二氯异氰尿酸钠浓度均为 100-180ppm， 优选 150-170 ppm。
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