WO2012109834A1 - 一种工作梯和包括该工作梯的可移动式机械设备 - Google Patents
一种工作梯和包括该工作梯的可移动式机械设备 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012109834A1 WO2012109834A1 PCT/CN2011/075714 CN2011075714W WO2012109834A1 WO 2012109834 A1 WO2012109834 A1 WO 2012109834A1 CN 2011075714 W CN2011075714 W CN 2011075714W WO 2012109834 A1 WO2012109834 A1 WO 2012109834A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- support shaft
- movable rod
- shaft seat
- ladder
- rod
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06C—LADDERS
- E06C1/00—Ladders in general
- E06C1/02—Ladders in general with rigid longitudinal member or members
- E06C1/38—Special constructions of ladders, e.g. ladders with more or less than two longitudinal members, ladders with movable rungs or other treads, longitudinally-foldable ladders
- E06C1/381—Ladders with rungs or treads attached only to one rigid longitudinal member
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06C—LADDERS
- E06C1/00—Ladders in general
- E06C1/02—Ladders in general with rigid longitudinal member or members
- E06C1/04—Ladders for resting against objects, e.g. walls poles, trees
- E06C1/08—Ladders for resting against objects, e.g. walls poles, trees multi-part
- E06C1/10—Sections fitted end to end
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06C—LADDERS
- E06C5/00—Ladders characterised by being mounted on undercarriages or vehicles Securing ladders on vehicles
- E06C5/02—Ladders characterised by being mounted on undercarriages or vehicles Securing ladders on vehicles with rigid longitudinal members
- E06C5/04—Ladders characterised by being mounted on undercarriages or vehicles Securing ladders on vehicles with rigid longitudinal members capable of being elevated or extended ; Fastening means during transport, e.g. mechanical, hydraulic
- E06C5/16—Ladders characterised by being mounted on undercarriages or vehicles Securing ladders on vehicles with rigid longitudinal members capable of being elevated or extended ; Fastening means during transport, e.g. mechanical, hydraulic using mechanical transmission only, with or without fluid or other non-mechanical couplings or clutches
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06C—LADDERS
- E06C5/00—Ladders characterised by being mounted on undercarriages or vehicles Securing ladders on vehicles
- E06C5/02—Ladders characterised by being mounted on undercarriages or vehicles Securing ladders on vehicles with rigid longitudinal members
- E06C5/04—Ladders characterised by being mounted on undercarriages or vehicles Securing ladders on vehicles with rigid longitudinal members capable of being elevated or extended ; Fastening means during transport, e.g. mechanical, hydraulic
- E06C5/16—Ladders characterised by being mounted on undercarriages or vehicles Securing ladders on vehicles with rigid longitudinal members capable of being elevated or extended ; Fastening means during transport, e.g. mechanical, hydraulic using mechanical transmission only, with or without fluid or other non-mechanical couplings or clutches
- E06C5/20—Ladders characterised by being mounted on undercarriages or vehicles Securing ladders on vehicles with rigid longitudinal members capable of being elevated or extended ; Fastening means during transport, e.g. mechanical, hydraulic using mechanical transmission only, with or without fluid or other non-mechanical couplings or clutches using hand-power
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a work ladder, and more particularly to a movable mechanical device including the above-described work ladder.
- FIG 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a pure rigid working ladder in the prior art.
- the pump truck has support legs, and the pump truck is switched between the running state and the working state by changing the state of the support legs; in the driving state, to ensure the driving performance of the pump truck, the lowest step 11 of the working ladder must be There is sufficient distance between the ground; in the working state, the support legs are propped up, so that the distance between the lowest step 11 of the work ladder and the ground increases, which often exceeds the scope of ergonomic requirements, making it difficult for personnel to climb the ladder; In this way, the workability of the work ladder is difficult to meet the actual needs.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a hybrid working ladder in the prior art.
- the hybrid work ladder is fixed with two soft ropes under the steel part, and the lower end of the two ropes is fixed with a stepped surface 21 (usually a transverse Rod-shaped structure). Since the ladder step surface 21 of the hybrid working ladder is connected with the steel portion by the rope, the distance between the step surface 21 of the ladder and the ground can be kept small under the working state, and in the running state, by the inversion Wait for the pump to maintain good driving performance.
- the stepped surface 21 of the soft ladder is connected to the steel portion through the flexible rope, the step surface 21 of the soft ladder is unstable, so that when the ladder is climbed, the worker can easily step on the air and cause the lower leg to collide with the steel portion and be injured. Therefore, the safety and reliability of the hybrid work ladder is insufficient.
- FIG. 3 is a structure of an automatic extension ladder in the prior art. Schematic.
- the prior art automatic extension ladder includes a fixed portion 31, a hydraulic cylinder 32, and a movable portion 33; the fixed portion 31 includes a fixed rod and a step fixed to the fixed rod.
- the movable portion 33 includes a movable rod and a step fixed to the movable rod; the lower end portion of the fixed rod and the upper portion of the movable rod are sleeved and slidably connected; the two ends of the hydraulic cylinder 32 are respectively connected to the fixed portion and the movable portion, and the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 32 It can drive the movable rod and the fixed rod to move relative to each other.
- the hydraulic cylinder 32 When the pump truck is in the running state, the hydraulic cylinder 32 is in the contracted state, so that the movable rod of the movable portion 33 moves into the fixed rod according to the predetermined length, thereby increasing the distance between the step of the movable portion 33 and the ground, so that the pump stays Good row 3 history permeability; when the pump truck is in working state, the hydraulic cylinder 32 is in an extended state, so that the movable rod of the movable portion 33 moves out from the fixed rod according to a predetermined length, thereby reducing the step of the movable portion 33 The distance from the ground makes it easy for people to climb.
- the automatic extension ladder has better performance, safety and reliability, since the hydraulic cylinder 32 is required to drive the movable portion 33 to expand and contract to adjust the height of the step of the movable portion 33, the automatic extension ladder has a use cost. Higher deficiencies.
- a first object of the present invention is to provide a work ladder which has low cost of use while maintaining usability, safety, and reliability.
- a second object of the present invention is to provide a movable mechanical apparatus including the above working ladder.
- the present invention provides a work ladder including a fixed rod and a first movable rod, and further includes a first support shaft seat and a first support shaft;
- the first support shaft seat has a first slide through the two ends a first end and a second end of the first support shaft seat are respectively hinged with a lower end of the fixing rod and a first end of the first movable rod, and two ends are formed at two ends of the first support shaft seat
- the two hinge axes are located on the same side of the slide rail with respect to the parallel hinge axis; the first support shaft cooperates with the first slide rail and has a length greater than a length of the first slide rail.
- the ear plate of the upper surface of the first end of the first support shaft seat and the ear plate of the upper surface of the lower end of the fixing rod are hinged by a pin, and the second end of the first support shaft seat
- the ear plate of the upper surface and the ear plate of the upper surface of the first end of the first movable bar are hinged by a pin.
- a lower surface of the first end of the first support axle seat, a lower surface of the second end of the first support axle seat, a lower surface of the lower end of the fixing rod, and the first movable rod is provided with an ear plate with a pin hole.
- the ear plates each include two corresponding ear support plates.
- the end surface of the first end of the first support shaft and the end surface of the second end respectively include a positioning surface and a locking surface, and the positioning surface is perpendicular to the extending direction of the first supporting shaft, the locking surface It is a plane that intersects both the upper surface and the positioning surface of the first support shaft.
- the locking surface of the end surface of the first end of the first support shaft is symmetric with the locking surface of the end surface of the second end thereof.
- the second supporting shaft seat has a second sliding passage extending through the two ends thereof;
- the first end of the second supporting shaft seat And the second end is respectively hinged with the second end of the first movable rod and the first end of the second movable rod, and two opposite parallel hinge axes are formed at two ends of the second support shaft seat, the two The hinge axis is located on the same side of the second slide rail;
- the second support shaft cooperates with the second slide rail, and the length thereof is greater than the length of the second slide rail.
- the first end surface and the second end surface of the second support shaft respectively include a positioning surface and a locking surface, wherein the positioning surface is perpendicular to an extending direction of the second supporting shaft, and the locking surface is A plane in which the upper surface of the second support shaft and the positioning surface intersect.
- the end surface of the second end of the first movable rod includes a wedge surface, and the wedge surface is a plane intersecting the lower surface of the first movable rod and the end surface of the second end of the first movable rod .
- the work ladder provided by the present invention includes a fixed rod, a first support shaft seat, a first support shaft and a first movable rod.
- the first support shaft seat has a first slide through the two ends, a first end of the first support shaft seat is hinged to a lower end of the fixing rod, and a second end of the first support shaft seat is hinged to the first end of the first movable rod, and two opposite ends are formed at the two ends of the support shaft seat Parallel hinge axes, the two hinge axes are located on the same side of the slide; the length of the first support shaft is greater than the length of the first support axle seat, and the first support shaft and the first support shaft The first slide of the seat cooperates.
- At least one step is provided on the fixing rod, and generally the upper end of the fixing rod is fixed to the apparatus body of the movable mechanical device, and at the same time, the fixing rod has a predetermined angle with the horizontal plane; Set a step on the movable rod.
- the first supporting shaft of the working ladder can slide along the first sliding path, so that the first supporting shaft extends out of the first end or the second end of the first supporting shaft seat according to different needs, and two states are formed; Since the two hinge axes at the two ends of the first support shaft seat are located on the same side of the first slide rail, the first support shaft seat can transmit the rotary motion thereof relative to the fixed rod to the first movable rod, so that the first movable rod Rotating in opposite directions with respect to the first support axle seat.
- the first end of the first support shaft extends from the first end of the first support shaft seat, the first end of the first support shaft is in contact with the lower end of the fixed rod, and the second end of the first support shaft Retracting so that the end surface of the first end of the first movable rod interferes with the end surface of the second end of the first support shaft seat, thereby changing the angle between the first support shaft seat and the fixed rod and the first support shaft seat and The angle between the first movable rods causes the step of the first movable rod to rise, increasing the distance between the step of the first movable rod and the ground; in the other state, the first support shaft is reversed along the slide Sliding in a direction, the second end of the first support shaft extends beyond the second end of the first support shaft seat, and the end surface of the second end of the first support shaft is in contact with the end surface of the first end of the first movable rod, and at the same time The first end of the support shaft is retracted such that the end surface of the lower end of the
- the conversion of the two states can change the distance between the step of the first movable rod and the ground according to actual needs, and raise the step of the first movable rod when the movable construction machine is in a running state, thereby ensuring the movable mechanical device.
- the step of the first movable rod is lowered, which is convenient for the worker to climb the ladder, so that the working ladder has good usability.
- the various parts of the ladder are rigidly connected, with corresponding safety and reliability.
- the above solution is as follows: an upper surface of the first end of the first support shaft seat, an upper surface of the second end of the first support shaft seat, an upper surface of the lower end of the fixing rod, and a first end of the first movable rod
- the upper surface is provided with an ear plate with a pin hole; the ear plate may include two corresponding ear support plates, and the first support shaft seat and the fixed rod may be made by the cooperation between the pin shaft and the corresponding ear plate.
- the rotation between the first movable rod and the first support shaft seat is more flexible and easy to disassemble.
- a belt may be disposed on a lower surface of the first end of the first support shaft seat, a lower surface of the second end of the first support shaft seat, a lower surface of the lower end of the fixing rod, and a lower surface of the first end of the first movable rod
- the ear plate of the pin hole is disposed on the lower surface to fix the first support shaft seat and the fixed rod in a predetermined state, or to fix the first support shaft seat and the first movable rod; thereby further improving the stability and safety of the working ladder. Sex and reliability.
- the first support shaft can also be modified, that is, the end surface of the first end of the first support shaft and the end surface of the second end are respectively provided with a positioning surface and a locking surface, and the positioning surface is respectively a support shaft extending perpendicularly, the locking surface being a plane intersecting both the upper surface and the positioning surface of the first support shaft; preferably a locking surface of the end surface of the first end of the first support shaft and a second end thereof The locking surface of the end face is symmetrical.
- the positioning surface and the locking surface are disposed, when the movable mechanical device is in the running state, the locking surface of the first end of the first supporting shaft and the end surface of the lower end of the fixing rod are in contact with each other, and the first supporting shaft is The positioning surface of the second end is in contact with the end surface of the first end of the first movable rod; and when the movable mechanical device is in the working state, the positioning surface of the first end of the first support shaft is in conflict with the end surface of the lower end of the fixed rod At the same time, the locking surface of the second end of the first support shaft is in contact with the end surface of the first end of the first movable rod, so that the contact is ensured to be in surface contact, and the stability, reliability and safety of the working ladder are further improved. Sex.
- the second movable lever, the second support shaft seat and the second support shaft are further added to the foundation of the above solution.
- the second support shaft seat has a second slide passage extending through the two ends thereof, and the first end and the second end of the second support shaft seat are respectively hinged with the second end of the first movable rod and the first end of the second movable rod,
- the two ends of the second movable rod form two opposite parallel hinge axes, the two hinge axes are located on the same side of the second slide rail, the second support shaft cooperates with the second slide rail, and the length thereof is greater than that of the second slide rail Length; such that through the second support shaft, the second support shaft seat and the second
- the cooperation between the movable rods makes the adjustable step of the lowest step height of the working ladder larger, thereby increasing the adaptation range of the working ladder.
- a wedge surface is provided on an end surface of the second end of the first movable rod, the wedge surface being a plane intersecting both the lower surface of the first movable rod and the end surface of the second end of the first movable rod.
- the arrangement of the wedge surface can effectively maintain the second movable rod in a horizontal position, thereby improving the reliability of the work ladder.
- the movable mechanical device provided including the above working ladder also has a corresponding technical effect.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a pure rigid working ladder in the prior art
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a hybrid working ladder in the prior art
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an automatic extension ladder in the prior art
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a work ladder according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- Figure 5 is a perspective view of the first support shaft and the first support shaft seat in the working ladder according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a working ladder provided in an elevated state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a working ladder provided in a reduced state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a first support shaft in a work ladder according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the work ladder provided in an elevated state according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of the working ladder provided in the second embodiment according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of the working ladder provided in the second embodiment of the present invention in a further lowered state.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a working ladder according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a working ladder provided by the first embodiment of the present invention, the first support shaft and the first support shaft seat Stereo picture.
- the work ladder provided in the first embodiment includes a fixed rod 2, a first support shaft 5, a first support shaft base 6, and a first movable rod 7.
- the upper end of the fixed rod 2 is fixed to the apparatus body of the movable mechanical device, and is fixed to the body of the pump truck when applied to the pump truck; for the convenience of installation, a fixed connecting member can be arranged at the upper end of the fixed rod 2, such as: A connecting plate 1 is arranged at the upper end of the fixing rod 2, so that the connecting plate 1 is fixed in the vertical direction with the upper end of the fixing rod 2, and a connecting hole is arranged at a portion where the connecting plate 1 extends, usually, the connecting plate 1 is uniformly applied for the force. It extends to both sides of the work ladder, and symmetric connection holes are provided on both sides of the connection plate 1. Same as the prior art, according to the needs of the actual work, the fixed rod
- a predetermined number of steps are set, and the first movable lever 7 is provided with a step.
- the first end of the first movable rod 7 is hinged to the second end of the first support shaft seat 6. Both ends of the first support axle 6 form two relatively parallel hinge axes that are located on the same side of the slide. As shown in Figure 4, in this embodiment, the two hinged shafts are located on the upper side of the slide and have a proper distance from the slide.
- the first support shaft seat 6 has a first slide rail passing through the two ends, the first support shaft 5 is engaged with the first slide rail, and the length thereof is greater than the length of the first slide rail; the first end of the first support shaft mount 6 is hinged to Fix the lower end of the rod 2.
- the first support shaft 5 is slidable relative to the first support shaft seat 6, and the work ladder has two states, that is, an elevated state and a lowered state, depending on the position thereof.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the working ladder provided in the ascending state according to the present invention
- FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the working ladder provided in the reduced state according to the present invention.
- the first support shaft 5 When the pumping vehicle is in the running state, when the step of the first movable rod 7 is required to be raised, the first support shaft 5 is slid along the first sliding passage of the first supporting shaft seat 6, so that the first end of the first supporting shaft 5 is extended. Exiting the first end of the first support shaft seat 6, the end surface of the first end of the first support shaft 5 is in contact with the end surface of the lower end of the fixed rod 2; and the second end of the first support shaft 5 is retracted, so that An end surface of the first end of the movable rod 7 is in contact with an end surface of the second end of the first support shaft base 6, thereby changing the angle between the first support shaft base 6 and the fixed rod 2 and the first support shaft base 6 and First movable rod 7 The angle between the first movable lever 7 is raised and maintained in this state, which is referred to as an elevated state.
- the end surface of the second end of the first support shaft 5 is in contact with the end surface of the first end of the first movable rod 7, while the first end of the first support shaft 5 is retracted, so as to be fixed
- the end surface of the lower end of the rod 2 is in contact with the end surface of the first end of the first support shaft seat 6, thereby changing the angle between the first support shaft base 6 and the fixed rod 2 and the first support shaft seat 6 and the first activity
- the angle between the rods 7 lowers the step of the first movable rod 7 and remains in this state, which is referred to as a lowered state.
- the distance between the step of the first movable rod 7 and the ground is increased, so that the pump has good permeability; in the lowered state, the distance between the step of the first movable rod 7 and the ground
- the reduction makes it convenient for the worker to climb the ladder, so that the work ladder has good usability.
- the ear plate 4 with a pin hole is disposed on the upper surface of the first end of a movable rod 7, and the ear plate 4 is generally fixed by welding;
- the fixing rod 2 is matched by the pin hole 3 and the pin hole on the ear plate 4
- the lower end is hinged with the first end of the first support shaft seat 6 and the first end of the first movable rod 7 and the second end of the first support shaft seat 6;
- the first activity can be increased by the hinge of the ear plate and the pin shaft
- the ear plate 4 can be two ear support plates which are parallel to each other, so that the connection can be made more stable.
- a lower surface of the lower end of the fixed rod 2, a lower surface of the first end of the first support shaft seat 6, a lower surface of the second end of the first support shaft seat 6, and a first end of the first movable rod 7 may also be The lower surface of the lower surface is provided with an ear plate 4 with a pin hole; thus, in the different state of the working ladder, optionally fixed by the pin 3; when the pump is in the state of line 3, that is, when the working ladder is in the ascending state, The ear plate 4 of the lower surface of the lower end of the fixed rod 2 is loosened from the ear plate 4 of the lower surface of the first end of the first support shaft seat 6, and the ear plate 4 of the lower surface of the first end of the first movable rod 7 is The ear plate 4 of the lower surface of the second end of the first support shaft seat 6 is connected by the pin 3 such that the first end of the first movable rod 7 is fixed to the second end of the first support shaft seat 6; When the working ladder is in the lowered state
- the distance between the predetermined step of the working ladder and the ground is changed by the pin 3 in a selectively fixed manner, the operation process is simple, the use cost is low, and the connection is more stable when the work ladder is in different states, and the work ladder is added. Stability and safety.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a first support shaft in a working ladder according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and an end surface of the first end of the first support shaft 5 and an end surface of the second end may be respectively set.
- the positioning surface 5a and the locking surface 5b are both perpendicular to the extending direction of the first support shaft 5, and the locking surface 5b is a plane intersecting both the upper surface of the first support shaft 5 and the corresponding positioning surface 5a.
- the positioning surface 5a and the locking surface 5b are arranged to ensure that the first support shaft 5 and the lower end of the fixed rod 2 and the first end of the first movable rod 7 are in surface contact, that is, when the working ladder is in different states.
- the locking surface 5b of the first end of the first support shaft 5 is in contact with the end surface of the lower end of the fixed rod 2, while the positioning surface 5a of the second end of the first support shaft 5 and the first movable rod 7
- the end faces of the first end are in conflict with each other, and when the work ladder is in a lowered state, the reverse is true. Since the contact in both cases is in face contact, the work ladder is made more stable.
- the inclination angle of the locking surface 5b can be set according to actual needs to ensure that the step on the first movable rod 7 is in a horizontal position; the locking surface 5b of the end surface of the first end of the first support shaft 5 and the second thereof can also be made The locking surface 5b of the end face of the end is symmetrical.
- the fixed rod 2, the first movable rod 7 and the first supporting shaft seat 6 can also be made of a square tube.
- the first supporting shaft 5 can be made of square steel, and can be selected than the first supporting shaft seat. 6 The square tube of the small square tube is selected to ensure that the first support shaft 5 can penetrate through the square tube cavity of the first support shaft seat 6, and the structure can increase the stability of the working ladder.
- the upper surface and the lower surface of each part of the working ladder are relative to the ground.
- the opposite of the ground is the lower surface, and vice versa.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a working ladder according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
- FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of the working ladder when it is in an elevated state
- the working ladder further includes a second movable rod 70, a second support shaft seat 60 and a second support shaft 50.
- the second support shaft seat 60 has a second slideway extending through the two ends thereof.
- the first end of the second support shaft seat 60 is hinged with the second end of the first movable rod 7, and the second end of the second support shaft base 60 is
- the first end of the movable rod 70 is hinged, and two opposite parallel hinge axes are formed at two ends of the second support shaft seat 60.
- the two hinge axes are located on the same side of the second slide, and the second support shaft 50 and the second
- the second slide of the support axle seat 60 cooperates, and the length thereof is greater than the length of the second slide rail, so that the length of the work ladder can be further increased or shortened according to different needs.
- the working ladder is in the raised state; referring to FIG.
- the setting of the first supporting shaft 5 is the same as the position of the raised state in the first embodiment; and then along the second The slide slides the second support shaft 50 such that the second support shaft 50 extends out of the first end of the second support shaft seat 60, and the end surface of the first end of the second support shaft 50 and the end of the second end of the first movable rod 7
- the surface is in conflict with the second end of the second support shaft 50 being retracted such that the end surface of the second end of the second support shaft seat 60 interferes with the end surface of the first end of the second movable rod 70.
- the work ladder is in a lowered state. Referring to FIG.
- the first support shaft 5 is kept stationary; the second support shaft 50 is slid along the second slide to the opposite side.
- the second end of the second support shaft 50 protrudes from the second end of the second support shaft seat 60, and the end surface of the second end of the second support shaft 50 is in contact with the end surface of the first end of the second movable rod 70,
- the first end of the second support shaft 50 is retracted, so that the end surface of the first end of the second support shaft seat 60 is in contact with the end surface of the second end of the first movable rod 7, which is reduced on the basis of the above.
- the distance between the step on the second movable lever 70 and the ground is reduced.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the working ladder provided in the second state according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the first end of the first support shaft 5 is retracted such that the end surface of the first end of the first support base 6 abuts against the end surface of the lower end of the fixed rod 2, while the second end of the first support shaft 5 protrudes a second end of the first support shaft seat 6, the end surface of the second end of the first support shaft 5 is in contact with the end surface of the first end of the first movable rod 7;
- the first end of the second support shaft 50 is retracted such that the end surface of the first end of the second support shaft seat 60 interferes with the end surface of the second end of the first movable rod 7, while the second end of the second support shaft 50 Extending from the second end of the second support shaft seat 60, the end surface of the second end of the second support shaft 50 is in contact
- the length of the working ladder itself can be fully utilized, and the distance between the step on the second movable rod 70 of the working ladder and the ground can be minimized, so that the distance between the working ladder and the ground can be changed more widely.
- the scope of adaptation is broader.
- the second support shaft 50 can be the same as the first support shaft 5, that is, the first end surface and the second end surface of the second support shaft 50 are respectively provided with a positioning surface and a locking surface, the positioning surface and the second support The extending direction of the shaft 50 is perpendicular, and the locking surface is a plane that intersects both the upper surface of the second support shaft 50 and the positioning surface.
- the positioning surface and the locking surface are also arranged to ensure that the second support shaft 50 is in surface contact with the second end of the first movable rod 7 and the first end of the second movable rod 70 in different states of the working ladder, thereby The work ladder is more stable.
- the second end of the first movable rod 7 is provided with a wedge surface which is a plane intersecting the lower surface of the first movable rod and the end surface of the second end of the first movable rod.
- the second support shaft seat 60, the second support shaft 50, and the second movable rod 70 may be the same as or different from the first support shaft base 6, the first support shaft 5, and the first movable rod 7.
- the lower surface of the lower surface is provided with an pin plate with a pin hole to fix the first movable lever 7 and the second support shaft base 60 in a predetermined state, or to fix the second support shaft base 60 and the second movable lever 70.
- the present invention also provides a movable mechanical device comprising an apparatus body and a working ladder of any of the above structures, the upper end of the fixed rod 2 of the working ladder being mounted on the apparatus body. Since the above-mentioned work ladder has the above technical effects, the movable mechanical equipment provided including the above-mentioned work ladder also has a corresponding technical effect.
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Description
一种工作梯和包括该工作梯的可移动式机械设备 本申请要求于 2011 年 2 月 17 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201110042011.2、发明名称为 "一种可移动式机械设备及工作梯 "的中国专利 申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及一种工作梯, 此外, 本发明还涉及一种包括上述工作梯的 可移动式机械设备。
背景技术
泵车上的传统工作梯一般为纯刚性工作梯, 请参考图 1 , 图 1为现有 技术中一种纯刚性工作梯的结构示意图。 泵车具有支撑腿, 通过改变支撑 腿的状态使泵车在行驶状态和工作状态之间转换; 在行驶状态下, 要保证 泵车的行驶通过性能就必须使工作梯的最低一阶台阶 11 与地面之间有足 够的距离; 在工作状态下, 支撑腿撑起, 从而使得工作梯最低一阶台阶 11 与地面的距离增加, 这个高度往往超出了人机工程要求的范围, 使得人员 爬梯困难; 这样, 工作梯使用性难以满足实际需要。
为解决上述技术问题, 现有技术中还提供一种混合型工作梯。 请参考 图 2, 图 2为现有技术中一种混合型工作梯的结构示意图。 混合型工作梯 除了包括钢结构形成的钢性部分外, 在钢性部分下还固定有下垂的两根软 性的绳索, 这两根绳索的下端固定有软梯台阶面 21 (通常为一横置的杆状 结构)。 由于该种混合型工作梯的软梯台阶面 21与钢性部分之间由绳索连 接, 故而能够在工作状态下, 保持软梯台阶面 21与地面之间的距离较小, 在行驶状态下, 通过翻转等方式, 保持泵车良好的行驶通过性能。 但由于 软梯台阶面 21通过软性绳索与钢性部分相连, 软梯台阶面 21具有不稳定 性, 因此, 在爬梯时, 工作人员很容易踩空, 而使小腿与钢性部分相碰撞 而受伤。 因此, 混合型工作梯的安全性和可靠性不足。
为了提高工作梯的使用性能、 安全性和可靠性, 现有技术中还提供了 一种自动伸缩梯, 请参考图 3 , 图 3为现有技术中一种自动伸缩梯的结构
示意图。 该现有技术中的自动伸缩梯包括固定部分 31、 液压缸 32和活动 部分 33 ; 固定部分 31包括固定杆和与固定杆固定的台阶。 活动部分 33包 括活动杆和与活动杆固定的台阶; 固定杆下端部分和活动杆的上部套装、 并可滑动地相连; 液压缸 32两端分别与固定部分和活动部分相连, 液压缸 32的伸缩能够驱动活动杆和固定杆相对移动。 在泵车处于行驶状态时, 使 液压缸 32处于收缩状态, 从而使得活动部分 33的活动杆按照预定的长度 移动到固定杆内,进而增加了活动部分 33台阶与地面的距离,使得泵车保 持良好的行 3史通透性能;在泵车处于工作状态时,液压缸 32处于伸长状态, 从而使得活动部分 33的活动杆按照预定的长度从固定杆内移动出来,进而 减少活动部分 33台阶与地面的距离,使得人员容易攀爬。该自动伸缩梯虽 然具有较好的使用性能、安全性和可靠性,但由于需要利用液压缸 32驱动 活动部分 33伸缩来对活动部分 33台阶的高度进行调节, 因此, 该自动伸 缩梯具有使用成本较高的不足。
不仅泵车的工作梯存在上述问题, 其它的可移动式工程机械或其他可 移动式机械设备的工作梯也存在相同的问题。 因此, 如何在保持使用性、 安全性、 可靠性的同时, 降低工作梯的使用成本是本领域技术人员需要解 决的技术问题。 发明内容
本发明的第一个目的是提供一种工作梯, 该工作梯在保持使用性、 安 全性、 可靠性的同时, 具有较低的使用成本。
在提供上述工作梯的基础上, 本发明的第二个目的在于提供一种包括 上述工作梯的可移动式机械设备。
为实现上述第一个目的, 本发明提供的工作梯包括固定杆和第一活动 杆, 还包括第一支撑轴座和第一支撑轴; 所述第一支撑轴座具有贯通两端 的第一滑道; 所述第一支撑轴座的第一端和第二端分别与所述固定杆的下 端和所述第一活动杆的第一端铰接, 在第一支撑轴座的两端形成两个相对 平行的铰接轴线, 该两个铰接轴线位于所述滑道的同一侧; 所述第一支撑 轴与所述第一滑道配合, 且其长度大于所述第一滑道的长度。
可选的, 所述第一支撑轴座的第一端的上表面的耳板与所述固定杆的 下端的上表面的耳板通过销轴铰接, 所述第一支撑轴座的第二端的上表面 的耳板与所述第一活动杆的第一端的上表面的耳板通过销轴铰接。
可选的, 所述第一支撑轴座的第一端的下表面、 所述第一支撑轴座的 第二端的下表面、 所述固定杆的下端的下表面和所述第一活动杆的第一端 的下表面均设置带销孔的耳板。
可选的, 所述耳板均包括相对应的两个耳支板。
可选的, 所述第一支撑轴的第一端的端面和第二端的端面分别包括定 位面和锁止面, 该定位面均与所述第一支撑轴的延伸方向垂直, 该锁止面 为与第一支撑轴的上表面和定位面均相交的平面。
可选的, 所述第一支撑轴的第一端的端面的锁止面和其第二端的端面 的锁止面对称。
可选的, 还包括第二活动杆、 第二支撑轴座和第二支撑轴; 所述第二 支撑轴座具有贯通其两端的第二滑道; 所述第二支撑轴座的第一端和第二 端分别与所述第一活动杆的第二端和所述第二活动杆的第一端铰接, 在第 二支撑轴座的两端形成两个相对平行的铰接轴线, 该两个铰接轴线位于所 述第二滑道的同一侧; 所述第二支撑轴与所述第二滑道配合, 且其长度大 于所述第二滑道的长度。
可选的, 所述第二支撑轴的第一端面和第二端面分别包括定位面和锁 止面, 该定位面均与所述第二支撑轴的延伸方向垂直, 该锁止面为与所述 第二支撑轴的上表面和定位面均相交的平面。
可选的, 所述第一活动杆的第二端的端面包括楔形面, 所述楔形面为 与所述第一活动杆的下表面和所述第一活动杆的第二端的端面均相交的平 面。
为了实现上述第二个目的, 本发明提供的可移动式机械设备包括设备 本体, 还包括上述任一种工作梯, 所述工作梯的固定杆的上端安装在所述 设备本体上。
相对上述背景技术,本发明提供的工作梯包括固定杆、第一支撑轴座、 第一支撑轴和第一活动杆。 第一支撑轴座具有贯通两端的第一滑道, 所述
第一支撑轴座的第一端铰接于固定杆的下端, 所述第一支撑轴座的第二端 铰接于所述第一活动杆的第一端, 在支撑轴座两端形成两个相对平行的铰 接轴线, 该两个铰接轴线位于所述滑道的同一侧; 所述第一支撑轴的长度 大于第一支撑轴座的长度, 并且所述第一支撑轴与所述第一支撑轴座的第 一滑道配合。 与现有技术相同, 固定杆上至少设置有一个台阶, 并且一般 情况将固定杆上端与可移动式机械设备的设备本体固定, 同时还得使得固 定杆与水平面之间具有预定的角度; 第一活动杆上设置一个台阶。 由于该 工作梯的第一支撑轴可沿着第一滑道滑动, 从而根据不同的需要, 使第一 支撑轴伸出第一支撑轴座的第一端或者第二端, 形成两种状态; 由于第一 支撑轴座两端的两个铰接轴线位于第一滑道的同一侧, 这样, 第一支撑轴 座能够将其相对于固定杆的旋转运动传递给第一活动杆, 使第一活动杆相 对于第一支撑轴座向相反的方向旋转。 在一种状态下, 使第一支撑轴第一 端伸出第一支撑轴座的第一端,第一支撑轴的第一端与固定杆下端相抵触, 同时第一支撑轴的第二端则缩回使第一活动杆的第一端的端面与第一支撑 轴座的第二端的端面相抵触, 从而改变了第一支撑轴座与固定杆之间的角 度及第一支撑轴座与第一活动杆之间的角度, 使第一活动杆的台阶上升, 增加了第一活动杆的台阶与地面之间的距离; 另一种状态下, 使第一支撑 轴沿着滑道向相反的方向滑动, 使第一支撑轴的第二端伸出第一支撑轴座 的第二端, 第一支撑轴的第二端的端面与第一活动杆的第一端的端面相抵 触, 同时第一支撑轴的第一端缩回, 使得固定杆的下端的端面与第一支撑 轴座的第一端的端面相抵触, 从而改变了第一支撑轴座与固定杆之间的角 度及第一支撑轴座与第一活动杆之间的角度, 使第一活动杆的台阶降低, 减小了第一活动杆的台阶与地面之间的距离。 两个状态的转换能够根据实 际需要改变第一活动杆的台阶与地面之间的距离, 在可移动式工程机械处 于行驶状态时, 使第一活动杆的台阶升高, 保证可移动式机械设备的通过 性能, 在工作状态下, 使第一活动杆的台阶降低, 方便工作人员爬梯, 使 该工作梯具有良好的使用性。 在两种状态下, 该工作梯的各个部分均为刚 性连接, 具有相应的安全性和可靠性。 调整第一活动杆上台阶的高度时, 只需要扳动第一活动杆及第一支撑轴座, 再使第一支撑轴沿着第一支撑轴
座的第一滑道滑动, 操作非常方便, 不需要专门的驱动机构, 因此降低了 工作梯的使用成本。
对上述方案优选方案如下, 在第一支撑轴座的第一端的上表面、 第一 支撑轴座的第二端的上表面、 固定杆的下端的上表面和第一活动杆的第一 端的上表面均设置带销孔的耳板; 上述的耳板可以包括相对应的两个耳支 板, 通过销轴与相应耳板之间的配合实现铰接可以使第一支撑轴座与固定 杆之间, 第一活动杆与第一支撑轴座之间的转动更架灵活, 并且拆卸方便。
另外, 可以在第一支撑轴座的第一端的下表面、 第一支撑轴座第二端 的下表面、 固定杆的下端的下表面和第一活动杆的第一端的下表面均设置 带销孔的耳板。 下表面设置耳板是为了在预定状态下, 使第一支撑轴座与 固定杆保持固定, 或者使第一支撑轴座与第一活动杆保持固定; 这样可以 进一步提高工作梯的稳定性、 安全性和可靠性。
为了进一步提高工作梯的稳定性, 还可以对第一支撑轴进行改进, 即 在第一支撑轴第一端的端面和第二端的端面分别设置定位面和锁止面, 该 定位面均与第一支撑轴的延伸方向垂直, 该锁止面为与第一支撑轴的上表 面和定位面均相交的平面; 优选使得第一支撑轴的第一端的端面的锁止面 和其第二端的端面的锁止面对称。 由于设置定位面与锁止面, 从而在可移 动式机械设备处于行驶状态时, 第一支撑轴的第一端的锁止面与固定杆的 下端的端面相抵触, 同时第一支撑轴的第二端的定位面与第一活动杆的第 一端的端面相抵触; 而在可移动式机械设备处于工作状态时, 第一支撑轴 的第一端的定位面与固定杆的下端的端面相抵触, 同时第一支撑轴的第二 端的锁止面与第一活动杆的第一端的端面相抵触, 这样能够保证接触均为 面接触, 进一步地提高的工作梯的稳定性、 可靠性和安全性。
另外, 为了适应更大范围的要求, 在上述方案的基石出上再增加第二活 动杆、 第二支撑轴座和第二支撑轴。 第二支撑轴座具有贯通其两端的第二 滑道, 第二支撑轴座的第一端和第二端分别与第一活动杆的第二端和第二 活动杆的第一端铰接,在第二活动杆的两端形成两个相对平行的铰接轴线, 该两个铰接轴线位于第二滑道的同一侧, 第二支撑轴与第二滑道配合, 且 其长度大于第二滑道的长度; 这样通过第二支撑轴、 第二支撑轴座和第二
活动杆之间的配合使得工作梯最低台阶高度的可调节范围更大, 从而增加 工作梯的适应范围。
在第一活动杆的第二端的端面设置一个楔形面, 该楔形面为与第一活 动杆的下表面和第一活动杆的第二端的端面均相交的平面。 通过该楔形面 的设置可以有效地将第二活动杆保持在水平位置, 提高工作梯的可靠性。
由于上述工作梯具有上述技术效果, 提供的包括上述工作梯的可移动 式机械设备也具有相对应的技术效果。
附图说明
图 1为现有技术中一种纯刚性工作梯的结构示意图;
图 2为现有技术中一种混合型工作梯的结构示意图;
图 3为现有技术中一种自动伸缩梯的结构示意图;
图 4为本发明实施例一所提供的工作梯的立体图;
图 5为本发明实施例一所提供的工作梯中, 第一支撑轴和第一支撑轴 座的立体图;
图 6 为本发明实施例一所提供的工作梯处于升高状态时的结构示意 图;
图 7 为本发明实施例一所提供的工作梯处于降低状态时的结构示意 图;
图 8为本发明实施例一所提供的工作梯中,第一支撑轴的结构示意图; 图 9 为本发明实施例二所提供的工作梯处于升高状态时的结构示意 图;
图 10 为本发明实施例二所提供的工作梯处于降低状态时的结构示意 图;
图 11 为本发明实施例二所提供的工作梯处于进一步降低状态时的结 构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明提供的技术方案, 下面结
合附图和具体实施例作进一步的详细说明。
请参考图 4和图 5 , 图 4为本发明实施例一所提供的工作梯的立体图; 图 5为本发明实施例一所提供的工作梯中, 第一支撑轴和第一支撑轴座的 立体图。
实施例一提供的工作梯包括固定杆 2、 第一支撑轴 5、 第一支撑轴座 6 和第一活动杆 7。
固定杆 2的上端与可移动式机械设备的设备本体固定, 应用在泵车上 时, 与泵车的车体固定; 为了安装的方便, 可以在固定杆 2上端设置固定 连接件, 如: 在固定杆 2上端设置一个连接板 1 , 使得连接板 1在竖直方 向上与固定杆 2的上端固定, 在连接板 1延伸出的部分设置连接孔, 通常 情况为了受力均匀会使连接板 1延伸到工作梯的两侧, 并且在连接板 1的 两侧设置对称的连接孔。 与现有技术相同, 根据实际工作的需要, 固定杆
2设置预定数量的台阶, 第一活动杆 7设置一个台阶。
第一活动杆 7的第一端与第一支撑轴座 6的第二端铰接。 第一支撑轴 座 6的两端形成两个相对平行的铰接轴线, 该两个铰接轴线位于所述滑道 的同一侧。 如图 4所示, 本实施例中, 两个铰接轴位于滑道上侧, 且与滑 道之间具有合适的距离。
第一支撑轴座 6具有贯通两端的第一滑道, 第一支撑轴 5与第一滑道 配合, 且其长度大于第一滑道的长度; 第一支撑轴座 6的第一端铰接于固 定杆 2的下端。 第一支撑轴 5可以相对于第一支撑轴座 6滑动, 根据其位 置的不同, 该工作梯具有两种状态, 即升高状态和降低状态。
请参考图 6和图 7, 图 6为本发明所提供的工作梯处于升高状态时的 结构示意图;图 7为本发明所提供的工作梯处于降低状态时的结构示意图。
当泵车处于行驶状态, 需要第一活动杆 7的台阶升高时, 沿着第一支 撑轴座 6的第一滑道滑动第一支撑轴 5 , 使得第一支撑轴 5的第一端伸出 第一支撑轴座 6的第一端, 第一支撑轴 5的第一端的端面与固定杆 2的下 端的端面相抵触; 同时第一支撑轴 5的第二端则缩回, 使得第一活动杆 7 的第一端的端面与第一支撑轴座 6的第二端的端面相抵触, 从而改变了第 一支撑轴座 6与固定杆 2之间的角度及第一支撑轴座 6与第一活动杆 7之
间的角度, 使得第一活动杆 7的台阶上升, 并保持在该状态, 该状态称为 升高状态。 当泵车处于工作状态, 需要第一活动杆 7的台阶降低时, 使第 一支撑轴 5沿着第一滑道向相反的方向滑动, 使第一支撑轴 5的第二端伸 出第一支撑轴座 6的第二端, 第一支撑轴 5的第二端的端面与第一活动杆 7的第一端的端面相抵触, 同时第一支撑轴 5的第一端则缩回, 使得固定 杆 2的下端的端面与第一支撑轴座 6的第一端的端面相抵触, 从而改变了 第一支撑轴座 6与固定杆 2之间的角度及第一支撑轴座 6与第一活动杆 7 之间的角度, 使第一活动杆 7的台阶降低, 并保持在该状态, 该状态称为 降低状态。 在升高状态下, 第一活动杆 7的台阶与地面之间的距离增加, 从而使得泵车具有良好的通透性; 在降低状态下, 第一活动杆 7的台阶与 地面之间的距离减小, 从而能够方便工作人员爬梯, 使该工作梯具有良好 的使用性。
在两种状态下, 该工作梯的各个部分均为刚性连接, 具有相应的安全 性和可靠性。 调整第一活动杆 7上台阶的高度时, 只需要扳动第一活动杆 7及第一支撑轴座 6,再使第一支撑轴 5沿着第一支撑轴座 6的第一滑道滑 动, 操作非常方便, 不需要专门的驱动机构, 因此降低了工作梯的使用成 本。
请继续参考图 4和图 5 , 在固定杆 2的下端的上表面上、 第一支撑轴 座 6的第一端的上表面上、 第一支撑轴座 6的第二端的上表面上和第一活 动杆 7的第一端的上表面上均设置带销孔的耳板 4, 一般情况会将耳板 4 通过焊接固定; 通过销轴 3与耳板 4上的销孔配合使固定杆 2的下端与第 一支撑轴座 6的第一端和第一活动杆 7的第一端与第一支撑轴座 6的第二 端铰接; 通过耳板和销轴铰接一方面可以增加第一活动杆 7上台阶高度变 化的范围, 同时还可以方便工作梯的安装和拆卸; 耳板 4可以是相互平行 的两个耳支板, 这样就可以使得连接更加稳定。
另外, 还可以在固定杆 2的下端的下表面、 第一支撑轴座 6的第一端 的下表面、 第一支撑轴座 6的第二端的下表面和第一活动杆 7的第一端的 下表面均设置带销孔的耳板 4; 这样, 在工作梯处于不同的状态下, 可选 择地通过销轴 3固定; 在泵车处于行 3史状态时即工作梯处于上升状态时,
将固定杆 2的下端的下表面的耳板 4与第一支撑轴座 6第一端的下表面的 耳板 4松开, 第一活动杆 7的第一端的下表面的耳板 4与第一支撑轴座 6 的第二端的下表面的耳板 4通过销轴 3连接, 从而使得第一活动杆 7的第 一端与第一支撑轴座 6的第二端固定; 在泵车处于工作状态时即工作梯处 于降低状态时, 将固定杆 2的下端的下表面的耳板 4与第一支撑轴座 6的 第一端的下表面的耳板 4通过销轴 3连接, 第一活动杆 7的第一端的下表 面的耳板 4与第一支撑轴座 6的第二端的下表面的耳板 4松开, 从而使得 第一支撑轴座 6的第一端与固定杆 2的下端固定。 这种通过销轴 3可选择 地固定方式改变工作梯预定台阶与地面之间的距离, 操作过程简便, 使用 成本低, 同时使得工作梯在不同的状态时, 连接更加稳定, 增加了工作梯 的稳定性能和安全性能。
如图 8所示, 图 8为本发明实施例一所提供的工作梯中, 第一支撑轴 的结构示意图, 还可以将第一支撑轴 5的第一端的端面和第二端的端面分 别设置定位面 5a和锁止面 5b, 定位面 5a均与第一支撑轴 5的延伸方向垂 直, 锁止面 5b为与该第一支撑轴 5的上表面和相应定位面 5a均相交的平 面。 上述定位面 5a与锁止面 5b的设置是为了保证工作梯处于不同状态下 第一支撑轴 5与固定杆 2的下端和第一活动杆 7的第一端都为面接触, 即 当工作梯处于上升状态时, 第一支撑轴 5的第一端的锁止面 5b与固定杆 2 的下端的端面相氏触,同时第一支撑轴 5的第二端的定位面 5a与第一活动 杆 7的第一端的端面相抵触, 当工作梯处于降低状态时, 则反之。 由于两 种情况下的接触均为面接触,从而使得工作梯更加稳定。锁止面 5b倾斜角 度可以根据实际需要设定, 以保证第一活动杆 7上的台阶处于水平位置; 还可以使第一支撑轴 5的第一端的端面的锁止面 5b和其第二端的端面的锁 止面 5b对称。
优选技术方案中, 还可以用方管制作固定杆 2、 第一活动杆 7和第一 支撑轴座 6 , 相对应地第一支撑轴 5可以用方钢制作, 可以选择比第一支 撑轴座 6选用的方管小一号的方管, 保证第一支撑轴 5可以贯穿于第一支 撑轴座 6的方管空腔内即可,这种结构能够起到增加工作梯稳定性的作用。
上述实例中关于工作梯各个部分上表面与下表面均相对于地面而言
的, 与地面相对的即为下表面, 反之则为上表面。
根据不同状态下对工作梯的要求, 还可以进一步对上述实施例进行改 进。 请参考图 9和图 10, 图 9为本发明实施例二提供的工作梯的结构示意 图, 同时, 该图示出该工作梯处于升高状态时的结构示意图; 图 10为本发 明实施例二提供的工作梯处于降低状态时的结构示意图, 实施例二中, 工 作梯还包括第二活动杆 70、 第二支撑轴座 60和第二支撑轴 50。 第二支撑 轴座 60具有贯通其两端的第二滑道, 第二支撑轴座 60的第一端与第一活 动杆 7的第二端铰接, 第二支撑轴座 60的第二端与第二活动杆 70的第一 端铰接,在第二支撑轴座 60两端形成两个相对平行的铰接轴线,这两个铰 接轴线位于第二滑道的同一侧, 第二支撑轴 50与第二支撑轴座 60的第二 滑道配合, 并且其长度大于第二滑道的长度, 这样可以根据不同的需要进 一步增加或缩短工作梯的长度。 在本实施例中当泵车处于行驶状态时, 使 工作梯处于升高状态; 请参考图 9, 第一支撑轴 5的设置和实施例一中升 高状态的位置相同; 然后沿着第二滑道滑动第二支撑轴 50, 使第二支撑轴 50伸出第二支撑轴座 60的第一端, 第二支撑轴 50的第一端的端面与第一 活动杆 7的第二端的端面相抵触, 同时第二支撑轴 50的第二端缩回,使得 第二支撑轴座 60的第二端的端面与第二活动杆 70的第一端的端面相抵触。 在本实施例中当泵车处于工作状态时, 使工作梯处于降低状态, 请参考图 10, 第一支撑轴 5保持不动;将第二支撑轴 50沿着第二滑道滑动到相反的 方向, 使得第二支撑轴 50的第二端伸出第二支撑轴座 60的第二端, 第二 支撑轴 50的第二端的端面与第二活动杆 70的第一端的端面相抵触, 同时 第二支撑轴 50的第一端缩回, 使得第二支撑轴座 60的第一端的端面与第 一活动杆 7的第二端的端面相抵触, 这就在上述的基础上减小了第二活动 杆 70上的台阶与地面之间的距离。在上述工作状态的基础上,还可以进一 步减小第二活动杆 70与地面之间的距离,请参考图 11 , 图 11 为本发明实 施例二提供的工作梯处于进一步降低状态时的结构示意图; 此时第一支撑 轴 5的第一端缩回, 使得第一支撑座 6的第一端的端面与固定杆 2的下端 的端面相抵触,同时第一支撑轴 5的第二端伸出第一支撑轴座 6的第二端, 第一支撑轴 5的第二端的端面与第一活动杆 7的第一端的端面相抵触; 这
时第二支撑轴 50 的第一端缩回,使得第二支撑轴座 60的第一端的端面与 第一活动杆 7的第二端的端面相抵触,同时第二支撑轴 50的第二端伸出第 二支撑轴座 60的第二端, 第二支撑轴 50的第二端的端面与第二活动杆 70 的第一端的端面的相抵触。 这种情况下可以充分利用工作梯本身的长度, 将工作梯第二活动杆 70上的台阶与地面之间的距离缩短到最小,从而可以 使得工作梯与地面之间的距离的变化范围更大, 适应的范围更加广阔。
对于上述第二支撑轴 50可以与第一支撑轴 5的设置相同, 即在第二 支撑轴 50的第一端面和第二端面分别设置定位面和锁止面,该定位面均与 第二支撑轴 50的延伸方向垂直, 该锁止面为与第二支撑轴 50的上表面和 该定位面均相交的平面。 上述定位面与锁止面的设置也是为了保证工作梯 处于不同状态下第二支撑轴 50与第一活动杆 7的第二端和第二活动杆 70 的第一端都为面接触, 从而使得工作梯更加稳定。
另外, 本实施例中, 将第一活动杆 7的第二端设置有楔形面, 该楔形 面为与第一活动杆 Ί的下表面和第一活动杆 Ί的第二端的端面均相交的平 面; 这样, 通过该楔形面的倾角, 可以使第二活动杆 70及其台阶处于水平 位置, 提高工作梯的使用性能。
当然, 第二支撑轴座 60、 第二支撑轴 50和第二活动杆 70可以与第一 支撑轴座 6、 第一支撑轴 5和第一活动杆 7的相同, 也可以不同。 也可以 在第一活动杆 7的第二端的下表面、 第二支撑轴座 60的第一端的下表面、 第二支撑轴座 60第二端的下表面和第二活动杆 70的第一端的下表面设置 带销孔的耳板, 以在预定状态, 将第一活动杆 7和第二支撑轴座 60固定, 或将第二支撑轴座 60与第二活动杆固定 70。
本发明还提供了一种可移动式机械设备, 包括设备本体和上述任一种 结构的工作梯, 工作梯的固定杆 2的上端安装在设备本体上。 由于上述工 作梯具有上述技术效果, 提供的包括上述工作梯的可移动式机械设备也具 有相对应的技术效果。
以上对本发明所提供的工作梯进行了详细介绍。 本文中应用了具体个 例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述, 以上实施例的说明只是用于帮 助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。 应当指出, 对于本技术领域的普通技
术人员来说, 在不脱离本发明原理的前提下, 还可以对本发明进行若干改 进和修饰, 这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。
Claims
1、 一种工作梯, 包括固定杆(2)和第一活动杆(7), 其特征在于, 还包括第一支撑轴座(6)和第一支撑轴(5); 所述第一支撑轴座(6)具 有贯通两端的第一滑道; 所述第一支撑轴座(6)的第一端和第二端分别与 所述固定杆 (2) 的下端和所述第一活动杆 (7) 的第一端铰接, 在第一支 撑轴座(6)的两端形成两个相对平行的铰接轴线, 该两个铰接轴线位于所 述滑道的同一侧; 所述第一支撑轴(5)与所述第一滑道配合, 且其长度大 于所述第一滑道的长度。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的工作梯, 其特征在于, 所述第一支撑轴座(6) 的第一端的上表面的耳板(4)与所述固定杆(2) 的下端的上表面的耳板
( 4 )通过销轴( 3 )铰接, 所述第一支撑轴座( 6 )的第二端的上表面的耳 板( 4 )与所述第一活动杆( 7 )的第一端的上表面的耳板( 4 )通过销轴( 3 ) 铰接。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的工作梯, 其特征在于, 所述第一支撑轴座(6) 的第一端的下表面、 所述第一支撑轴座(6)的第二端的下表面、 所述固定 杆(2) 的下端的下表面和所述第一活动杆(7) 的第一端的下表面均设置 带销孔的耳板(4)。
4、 如权利要求 2或 3所述的工作梯, 其特征在于, 所述耳板(4) 均 包括相对应的两个耳支板。
5、 如权利要求 1至 3任一项所述的工作梯, 其特征在于, 所述第一支 撑轴(5)的第一端的端面和第二端的端面分别包括定位面(5a)和锁止面 (5b), 该定位面 (5a) 均与所述第一支撑轴(5) 的延伸方向垂直, 该锁 止面 (5b) 为与第一支撑轴(5) 的上表面和定位面均相交的平面。
6、 如权利要求 5所述的工作梯, 其特征在于, 所述第一支撑轴(5) 的第一端的端面的锁止面 (5b)和其第二端的端面的锁止面 (5b)对称。
7、 如权利要求 1至 3任一项所述的工作梯, 其特征在于, 还包括第 二活动杆(70)、 第二支撑轴座(60)和第二支撑轴(50); 所述第二支撑 轴座(60)具有贯通其两端的第二滑道; 所述第二支撑轴座(60) 的第一 端和第二端分别与所述第一活动杆(7) 的第二端和所述第二活动杆(70) 的第一端铰接, 在第二支撑轴座(60 ) 的两端形成两个相对平行的铰接轴 线, 该两个铰接轴线位于所述第二滑道的同一侧; 所述第二支撑轴(50 ) 与所述第二滑道配合, 且其长度大于所述第二滑道的长度。
8、根据权利要求 7所述的工作梯,其特征在于,所述第二支撑轴 ( 50 ) 的第一端面和第二端面分别包括定位面和锁止面, 该定位面均与所述第二 支撑轴(50 ) 的延伸方向垂直, 该锁止面为与所述第二支撑轴(50 ) 的上 表面和定位面均相交的平面。
9、根据权利要求 8所述的工作梯, 其特征在于, 所述第一活动杆(7 ) 的第二端的端面包括楔形面, 所述楔形面为与所述第一活动杆(7 )的下表 面和所述第一活动杆(7 ) 的第二端的端面均相交的平面。
10、 一种可移动式机械设备, 包括设备本体, 其特征在于, 还包括上 述权利要求 1至 9任一项所述的工作梯, 所述工作梯的固定杆 ( 2 )的上端 安装在所述设备本体上。
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| DE10127584A1 (de) * | 2001-05-29 | 2002-12-05 | Omnistor Accessories N V | Wegklappbare Treppe |
| CN2880596Y (zh) * | 2006-01-18 | 2007-03-21 | 四机赛瓦石油钻采设备有限公司 | 车用折叠梯 |
| CN201116447Y (zh) * | 2007-09-25 | 2008-09-17 | 高振声 | 一种车用人行收合梯 |
| CN201218051Y (zh) * | 2008-06-26 | 2009-04-08 | 泰豪科技股份有限公司 | 多级滑轨伸缩性抽拉梯 |
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| CN102134958A (zh) | 2011-07-27 |
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