WO2012105529A1 - バッテリー交換ロボット - Google Patents
バッテリー交換ロボット Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012105529A1 WO2012105529A1 PCT/JP2012/052063 JP2012052063W WO2012105529A1 WO 2012105529 A1 WO2012105529 A1 WO 2012105529A1 JP 2012052063 W JP2012052063 W JP 2012052063W WO 2012105529 A1 WO2012105529 A1 WO 2012105529A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- holding member
- elevating
- elevating mechanism
- holding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Program-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/02—Program-controlled manipulators characterised by movement of the arms, e.g. cartesian coordinate type
- B25J9/023—Cartesian coordinate type
- B25J9/026—Gantry-type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
- B60K2001/0455—Removal or replacement of the energy storages
- B60K2001/0461—Removal or replacement of the energy storages from the side
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/18—Buses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/36—Vehicles designed to transport cargo, e.g. trucks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a battery exchange robot for exchanging a battery mounted on a vehicle.
- a battery exchange device for exchanging a battery mounted on an electric bus has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- a battery exchange device described in Patent Document 1 includes a battery tray on which a battery is mounted, a vertical lift device that raises and lowers the battery tray, a rotary platform that is mounted with the battery tray and the vertical lift device, and is rotatable, and a rotary platform And a parallel movement platform movable in the horizontal direction.
- a battery compartment is generally attached to the lower side of the seat. That is, in the case of an electric bus, the battery is mounted at a relatively low position. Therefore, when the battery of the electric bus is replaced, it is necessary to pull out or insert the battery at a relatively low position.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a battery exchange robot capable of appropriately replacing a battery mounted on a vehicle even when the battery is mounted on a relatively low position of the vehicle.
- a battery exchange robot for exchanging a battery mounted on a vehicle, wherein the battery is pulled out and / or inserted into the vehicle.
- a first elevating mechanism and a second elevating mechanism disposed on both ends in the first direction orthogonal to It is characterized in.
- the battery insertion / removal mechanism is held by the holding member, and the lifting mechanism for raising / lowering the holding member is the first orthogonal to the moving direction and the up / down direction of the movable part constituting the battery insertion / removal mechanism.
- the first elevating mechanism and the second elevating mechanism are provided on both ends of the direction. That is, in this invention, the mechanism for raising / lowering a holding member is not arrange
- the battery mounted in the vehicle can be appropriately pulled out and inserted by the battery pulling mechanism. That is, according to the present invention, even if a battery is mounted at a relatively low position in the vehicle, it is possible to appropriately replace the battery mounted in the vehicle.
- the battery insertion / removal mechanism includes, for example, as a movable part, a battery mounting portion on which the battery is mounted when the battery is pulled out and / or inserted, and a battery engaging portion when the battery is pulled out and / or inserted. And a battery engaging portion for moving the battery on the battery mounting portion.
- the holding member is formed in a substantially rectangular tube shape that is open at both ends in the moving direction of the movable portion, and the battery mounting portion is movably attached to the bottom surface side of the inner peripheral surface of the holding member, and is battery-engaged. It is preferable that the part is movably attached to the upper surface side of the inner peripheral surface of the holding member. If comprised in this way, since the holding member is formed in the substantially square cylinder shape, it becomes possible to raise the rigidity of a holding member. Moreover, if comprised in this way, it will become possible to attach a battery mounting part and a battery engaging part using the bottom face part and upper surface part of a holding member formed in a substantially square cylinder shape.
- the first elevating mechanism and the second elevating mechanism include an elevating member that is connected to the holding member and is movable in the vertical direction, and a columnar member that holds the elevating member so as to be movable up and down. It is preferable that the upper end of the columnar member which comprises and the upper end of the columnar member which comprises a 2nd raising / lowering mechanism are connected by the connection member.
- the first elevating mechanism and the second elevating mechanism can be driven individually, and the holding member can be inclined with respect to the first direction when viewed from the moving direction of the movable part. It is preferable that it is connected to the first lifting mechanism and the second lifting mechanism. If comprised in this way, a 1st raising / lowering mechanism and a 2nd raising / lowering mechanism will be driven separately, and the inclination of a battery with respect to the 1st direction when it sees from the moving direction of a movable part, and the inclination of a battery insertion / extraction mechanism will be demonstrated. Can be combined. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the interference between the battery housing portion of the vehicle and the battery and the interference between the holding member and the battery when the battery is replaced.
- the holding member is connected to the first elevating mechanism so that the holding member can be rotated relative to the first elevating mechanism, and the holding member is rotated relative to the second elevating mechanism and in the first direction.
- the second elevating mechanism is connected to the second elevating mechanism so as to allow relative movement.
- the battery exchanging robot includes a first connection mechanism that connects the holding member and the first lifting mechanism, and a second connection mechanism that connects the holding member and the second lifting mechanism, and holds in the first direction.
- One end side of the member is rotatably held by the first elevating mechanism via the first connecting mechanism, and the second connecting mechanism is rotatable by the other end side of the holding member and the second elevating mechanism in the first direction.
- the rotation center with respect to a holding member and the 2nd raising / lowering mechanism Since the link member having a different rotation center is provided, even if the holding member is coupled to the second elevating mechanism so that the holding member can be moved relative to the second elevating mechanism in the first direction, (2) When the moment in the direction in which the holding member floats from the lifting mechanism is generated in the holding member, it is possible to suppress the floating of the holding member (that is, the float on the other end side of the holding member in the first direction) by the link member. .
- the battery mounting portion which is a movable portion moves in a direction approaching the vehicle when the battery is pulled out or inserted, the battery mounting portion protrudes from the holding member, and the battery is mounted on the battery mounting portion. Even if a moment in the direction in which the part on the side away from the first elevating mechanism and the second elevating mechanism floats (that is, a moment in the direction in which the upper end side of the holding member falls toward the vehicle) occurs in the holding member, It is possible to prevent the portion on the side away from the vehicle from floating from the first lifting mechanism, and to suppress the floating of the holding member on the portion away from the vehicle from the second lifting mechanism. Is possible.
- the battery elevating mechanism and the holding member can be appropriately raised and lowered by the first elevating mechanism and the second elevating mechanism. That is, it is possible to simplify the configurations of the first elevating mechanism and the second elevating mechanism while appropriately elevating and lowering the battery insertion / removal mechanism and the holding member.
- the first coupling mechanism includes a first shaft member that is held by the first lifting mechanism with the moving direction of the movable portion as an axial direction, and a substantially cylinder that is fixed to the holding member and through which the first shaft member is inserted.
- the coupling mechanism includes a second shaft member that is held by the second lifting mechanism with the moving direction of the movable portion as an axial direction, a third shaft member that is held by the holding member with the moving direction of the movable portion as an axial direction, A link member formed with two insertion holes through which each of the shaft member and the third shaft member is inserted, and the outer peripheral surface of the second shaft member and the insertion holes at both ends of the insertion hole in the moving direction of the movable portion Tapered roller bearing disposed between the peripheral surface and the insertion hole in the moving direction of the movable part It is preferable that at both ends and a tapered roller bearing disposed between the outer surface and the inner peripheral surface of the link member of the third shaft member.
- both ends of the moving portion move in the moving direction.
- the holding roller can be reliably supported by the arranged tapered roller bearing.
- the battery replacement robot of the present invention it is possible to appropriately replace the battery mounted on the vehicle even if the battery is mounted at a relatively low position of the vehicle.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a battery exchange system in which a battery exchange robot according to an embodiment of the present invention is used. It is a perspective view which shows the E section of FIG. 1 from another angle. It is an enlarged view of the F section of FIG. It is a front view which shows the state in which the battery was accommodated in the battery accommodating part shown in FIG. It is an enlarged view of the G section of FIG. It is a figure which shows the battery insertion / extraction mechanism and lifting mechanism shown in FIG. 2 from the front. It is a figure which shows a battery insertion / extraction mechanism and a raising / lowering mechanism from the HH direction of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the battery mounting mechanism shown in FIG. 6 from the front.
- FIG. 7A is a diagram for explaining the battery moving mechanism shown in FIG. 6 from an upper surface.
- (A) is an enlarged view of a portion M in FIG. 18, and (B) is an enlarged view of a portion N in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the raising / lowering mechanism shown in FIG. 6 from an upper surface.
- FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams for explaining the configuration of the first coupling mechanism shown in FIG. 6.
- FIG. 7A is a diagram for explaining the first coupling mechanism from the front, and FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating 1 connection mechanism.
- FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams for explaining the configuration of the second coupling mechanism shown in FIG. 6.
- FIG. 7A is a diagram for explaining the second coupling mechanism from the front, and FIG.
- FIG. 2 It is a figure for demonstrating 2 connection mechanisms. It is a figure for demonstrating a state when the holding member shown in FIG. 6 is inclined from the front. It is a figure for demonstrating the rotation mechanism and horizontal movement mechanism which are shown in FIG. 2 from the front. It is a figure for demonstrating the rotation mechanism and horizontal movement mechanism which are shown in FIG. 2 from the upper surface. It is a figure for demonstrating a rotation mechanism and a horizontal movement mechanism from the RR direction of FIG. (A) is an enlarged view of the U part of FIG. 25, (B) is an enlarged view of the V part of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the detection method of the approximate position of the battery by the detection mechanism shown in FIG.
- FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the detection method of the position of the battery by the detection mechanism shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the 2nd connection mechanism concerning other embodiment of this invention from the front. It is a figure for demonstrating the attachment method of the detection mechanism concerning other embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the effect when a detection mechanism is attached with the attachment method shown in FIG. (A) is a figure for demonstrating from the front the detection mark concerning other embodiment of this invention, (B) is sectional drawing of the WW cross section of (A).
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a battery exchange system 1 in which a battery exchange robot 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention is used.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the E portion of FIG. 1 from another angle.
- each of the three directions orthogonal to each other is defined as an X direction, a Y direction, and a Z direction.
- the Z direction coincides with the vertical direction (vertical direction).
- the X direction is the front-rear direction and the Y direction is the left-right direction.
- the battery exchange robot 5 (hereinafter referred to as “robot 5”) of this embodiment is a robot for exchanging the battery 3 mounted on the vehicle 2, and is used in the battery exchange system 1.
- the vehicle 2 of this embodiment is an electric bus. Therefore, hereinafter, the vehicle 2 is referred to as “bus 2”.
- a battery housing portion 4 in which a plurality of batteries 3 are housed is attached to the bus 2.
- the battery accommodating portion 4 is arranged so as to be exposed to the side surface 2a when a cover member (not shown) attached to one side surface 2a of the bus 2 is removed. Further, the battery accommodating portion 4 is disposed below the seat of the bus 2. That is, the battery 3 is mounted at a relatively low position on the bus 2. When the battery 3 is replaced, the bus 2 is stopped so that the traveling direction thereof substantially coincides with the left-right direction.
- the robot 5 faces the side surface 2a of the bus 2 in the front-rear direction so that the battery 3 housed in the battery housing portion 4 can be replaced.
- the robot 5 pulls out the battery 3 housed in the battery housing portion 4 and carries it into a buffer station (not shown), and unloads the charged battery 3 housed in the buffer station from the buffer station. Insert into the housing 4.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion F in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a front view showing a state in which the battery 3 is accommodated in the battery accommodating portion 4 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion G in FIG.
- the battery housing part 4 includes a battery cradle 6 on which the battery 3 is mounted and left and right side walls 7, and the battery cradle 6 and the side walls 7 form a housing space for the battery 3.
- the battery accommodating portion 4 of the present embodiment accommodating spaces for a plurality of batteries 3 are formed, and a plurality of batteries 3 can be accommodated.
- the battery accommodating part 4 is arrange
- a detection mark 8 for indirectly detecting the position of the battery 3 is formed on the front surface of the battery stand 6.
- the detection mark 8 is formed on each of both ends in the left-right direction of the battery mount 6. That is, two detection marks 8 are formed on the front surface of the battery mount 6 with a predetermined interval in the left-right direction.
- the detection mark 8 is formed in a flat plate shape that protrudes from the front surface of the battery mount 6, and is formed in a substantially triangular shape whose width changes in the vertical direction.
- the detection mark 8 is fixed to the flat plate member 9, and the flat plate member 9 is fixed to the front surface of the battery table 6, whereby the front surface of the battery table 6.
- a detection mark 8 is formed on the surface.
- a handle portion 11 for pulling out the battery 3 from the battery housing portion 4 is formed on the front surface of the battery 3.
- the handle portion 11 is formed on each of the left and right ends of the front surface of the battery 3.
- a protrusion 12 for positioning the battery 3 pulled out by the robot 5 in a direction orthogonal to the pulling direction is formed so as to protrude downward (see FIG. 5).
- the battery 3 includes a fixing member 13 (see FIG. 4) for fixing the battery 3 to the battery housing portion 4 and a release member 14 (see FIG. 3) for releasing the fixed state of the battery 3 with respect to the battery housing portion 4. ).
- the fixing member 13 is attached to the battery 3 so as to protrude from the left and right side surfaces of the battery 3.
- the fixing member 13 is attached to the front side of the battery 3.
- the fixing member 13 is held by the battery 3 so as to be movable in the left-right direction.
- the fixing member 13 is urged outward in the left-right direction by an urging member (not shown).
- the urging force of the urging member causes the right and left outer end portions of the fixing member 13 to engage with the engagement holes formed in the side wall 7 of the battery housing portion 4, so that the battery housing portion 4 is brought into contact with the battery housing portion 4. 3 is fixed.
- the fixing member 13 functions to position the battery 3 in the front-rear direction and the up-down direction in the battery housing portion 4.
- the release member 14 is disposed on the back side of the handle portion 11.
- the release member 14 is held by the battery 3 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction.
- the release member 14 is urged toward the front side of the battery 3 by an urging member (not shown).
- an urging member not shown.
- the fixing member 13 moves inward in the left-right direction, and the engagement hole formed in the side wall 7 of the battery housing portion 4 engages with the fixing member 13. The state is released, and the battery 3 can be pulled out from the battery housing 4.
- a connector connected to a connector disposed at the back of the battery housing 4 is attached to the back surface of the battery 3.
- a positioning pin for positioning the battery 3 in the up / down / left / right directions in the battery housing 4 is attached to the back surface of the battery 3.
- the robot 5 includes a battery insertion / removal mechanism 17 that pulls out the battery 3 from the bus 2 and inserts the battery 3 into the bus 2, a lifting mechanism 18 that lifts and lowers the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17, A rotation mechanism 19 for rotating the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17 and the lifting mechanism 18 with the vertical direction as an axial direction, and a horizontal movement mechanism 20 for moving the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17, the lifting mechanism 18 and the rotation mechanism 19 in the left-right direction; It has. Further, the robot 5 includes a detection mechanism 21 for detecting the detection mark 8 (see FIG. 10).
- the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17 includes a battery mounting mechanism 23 having a battery mounting portion 22 on which the battery 3 is mounted when the battery 3 is pulled out and inserted, and a battery mounting mechanism that is engaged with the battery 3 when the battery 3 is pulled out and inserted. And a battery moving mechanism 25 having a battery engaging portion 24 (see FIG. 6) for moving the battery 3 on the portion 22.
- the battery mounting portion 22 and the battery engaging portion 24 are movable in a direction approaching the bus 2 and a direction away from the bus 2.
- the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17 is held by a holding member 26 formed in a substantially rectangular tube shape.
- the holding member 26 includes a first holding member 27 constituting the lower end side thereof and a second holding member 28 constituting the upper end side thereof.
- the first holding member 27 is formed in a rectangular groove shape that opens on the upper side
- the second holding member 28 is formed in a rectangular groove shape that opens on the lower side.
- the holding member 26 is a substantially square in which both ends of the battery mounting portion 22 and the battery engaging portion 24 in the moving direction are opened by the first holding member 27 and the second holding member 28 being combined and fixed in the vertical direction. It is formed in a cylindrical shape.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17 and the lifting mechanism 18 shown in FIG. 2 from the front.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17 and the lifting mechanism 18 from the HH direction of FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a view for explaining the battery mounting mechanism 23 shown in FIG. 6 from the front.
- FIG. 9 is a view for explaining the battery mounting mechanism 23 shown in FIG. 6 from the side.
- FIG. 10 is a view for explaining the battery mounting mechanism 23 shown in FIG. 6 from above.
- FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the roller 32 shown in FIG.
- the battery mounting mechanism 23 includes a mounting unit moving mechanism 30 that moves the battery mounting unit 22 in a direction approaching the bus 2 and a direction away from the bus 2 in addition to the battery mounting unit 22 described above.
- the battery mounting portion 22 is formed in a flat block shape that is flat in the vertical direction.
- a plurality of rollers 31 and 32 that are in contact with the lower surface of the battery 3 are rotatably attached to the upper surface of the battery mounting portion 22.
- the plurality of rollers 31 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the moving direction of the battery mounting portion 22, and the plurality of rollers 32 are also set in the moving direction of the battery mounting portion 22 in the same manner as the rollers 31. Arranged at intervals.
- the roller 31 and the roller 32 are arranged with a predetermined interval in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the battery mounting portion 22.
- the roller 31 is a flat roller.
- the roller 32 is a grooved roller in which a groove 32a that is recessed toward the inner peripheral side is formed on the outer peripheral surface.
- the groove 32a is formed so that the protrusion 12 formed on the lower surface of the battery 3 can be engaged, and when the battery 3 is mounted at a predetermined position of the battery mounting portion 22, the protrusion is formed on the groove 32a. 12 is engaged.
- the protrusion 3 is engaged with the groove 32 a, whereby the battery 3 is positioned with respect to the battery mounting portion 22 in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the battery mounting portion 22.
- the mounting unit moving mechanism 30 includes a motor 33, a screw member 34 such as a ball screw, and a nut member 35 that is screwed into the screw member 34 as a configuration for moving the battery mounting unit 22. Further, the mounting unit moving mechanism 30 is configured to guide the battery mounting unit 22, and is linearly formed, and engages with the guide rail 36 and is relatively movable along the guide rail 36. A guide block 37 is provided.
- the motor 33 is fixed to the upper surface side of the rear end portion of the battery mounting portion 22.
- the screw member 34 is rotatably held on the lower surface side of the battery mounting portion 22.
- the motor 33 and the screw member 34 are connected via a pulley, a belt, or the like.
- the nut member 35 is fixed to the upper surface of the bottom surface portion of the first holding member 27.
- the guide rail 36 is fixed to the lower surface side of the battery mounting portion 22, and the guide block 37 is fixed to the upper surface of the bottom surface portion of the first holding member 27. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the motor 33 rotates, the battery mounting portion 22 is guided by the guide rail 36 and the guide block 37 and moves linearly with respect to the first holding member 27.
- the battery mounting portion 22 is movably attached to the bottom surface side of the inner peripheral surface of the holding member 26.
- FIG. 12 is a view for explaining the battery moving mechanism 25 shown in FIG. 6 from the front.
- FIG. 13 is a view for explaining the battery moving mechanism 25 shown in FIG. 6 from the side.
- FIG. 14 is a view for explaining the state when the battery engaging portion 24 shown in FIG. 13 moves away from the bus 2 from the side.
- FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of a portion J in FIG.
- FIG. 16 is an enlarged view of a portion K in FIG.
- FIG. 17 is an enlarged view of a portion L in FIG.
- FIG. 18 is a view for explaining the battery moving mechanism 25 shown in FIG. 6 from above.
- FIG. 19A is an enlarged view of a portion M in FIG. 18, and
- FIG. 19B is an enlarged view of a portion N in FIG.
- the battery moving mechanism 25 includes an engaging portion moving mechanism 39 that moves the battery engaging portion 24 in a direction approaching the bus 2 and a direction away from the bus 2, and a battery engaging portion 24. And a movable holding member 40 that is held movably and held by the second holding member 28.
- the battery engaging portion 24 includes an engaging claw portion 41 that engages with the handle portion 11 of the battery 3, an air cylinder 42 that moves the engaging claw portion 41 up and down, and a base portion 43 to which the air cylinder 42 is attached. Yes.
- the engaging claw portion 41 is fixed to the movable side of the air cylinder 42, and the fixed side of the air cylinder 42 is fixed to the distal end surface of the base portion 43.
- the two engaging claws 41 and the two air cylinders 42 of the base 43 are arranged so that the engaging claws 41 are engaged with the two handles 11 formed on the battery 3. It arrange
- the engaging claw portion 41 includes a fixing portion 41 a that is fixed to the air cylinder 42 and a claw portion 41 b that engages with the handle portion 11.
- the claw portion 41 b enters from the upper side between the front end portion of the handle portion 11 and the front surface of the battery 3 and engages with the handle portion 11.
- the lower end side of the claw portion 41 b pushes the release member 14, and the engagement state between the engagement hole formed in the side wall 7 of the battery housing portion 4 and the fixing member 13 Is released. Therefore, when the claw portion 41 b is engaged with the handle portion 11, the battery 3 can be pulled out and inserted by the battery pulling mechanism 17.
- the moving holding member 40 is formed in a long and narrow shape in the moving direction of the battery engaging portion 24. Further, the movement holding member 40 is formed so that the shape when viewed from the moving direction of the battery engaging portion 24 is substantially H-shaped.
- the engaging portion moving mechanism 39 includes a motor 44, a screw member 45 such as a ball screw, a nut member 46 that is screwed to the screw member 45, and a structure for moving the battery engaging portion 24 and the movement holding member 40. Pulleys 47 and 48 and a belt 49 spanning the pulleys 47 and 48 are provided. Further, the engaging portion moving mechanism 39 is configured to guide the battery engaging portion 24 and the movement holding member 40, and engages with the guide rail 50 formed in a straight line, the guide rail 50, and the guide rail 50. And a guide block 51 that is relatively movable along the guide rail 52. As a configuration for guiding the battery engaging portion 24, the guide rail 52 that is linearly formed, and the guide rail 52 that engages with the guide rail 52 and And a guide block 53 that is relatively movable along.
- the motor 44 is fixed to the upper surface of the rear end portion of the second holding member 28.
- the screw member 45 is rotatably held on the upper surface portion of the second holding member 28.
- the motor 44 and the screw member 45 are connected via a pulley, a belt, or the like.
- the nut member 46 is fixed to the rear end portion of the movement holding member 40.
- the pulley 47 is rotatably held at the rear end portion of the movement holding member 40, and the pulley 48 is rotatably held at the front end portion of the movement holding member 40.
- the belt 49 is fixed to the base portion 43 of the battery engaging portion 24 via the belt fixing member 54 and is fixed to the upper surface portion of the second holding member 28 via the belt fixing member 55.
- the movable holding member 40 protrudes from the second holding member 28 and the belt fixing member 55 is disposed in the vicinity of the pulley 47 as shown in FIG. 16, the pulley as shown in FIG.
- the belt fixing member 54 is disposed in the vicinity of 48, and the movable holding member 40 is accommodated in the second holding member 28, and the belt fixing member 55 is disposed in the vicinity of the pulley 48 as shown in FIG.
- the belt 49 is fixed to the base 43 and the second holding member 28 via the belt fixing members 54 and 55 so that the belt fixing member 54 is disposed in the vicinity of the pulley 47.
- the guide rail 50 is fixed to the lower surface of the upper surface portion of the second holding member 28, and the guide block 51 is fixed to the upper surface of the moving holding member 40.
- the guide rail 52 is fixed to the lower surface of the movement holding member 40, and the guide block 53 is fixed to the upper end side of the base portion 43 of the battery engaging portion 24.
- the moving holding member 40 when the motor 44 is rotated, the moving holding member 40 is guided to the guide rail 50 and the guide block 51 together with the battery engaging portion 24 by the screw member 45 and the nut member 46, so that the second holding member 28 is moved. Move in a straight line.
- the battery engaging portion 24 is guided by the guide rail 52 and the guide block 53 by the pulleys 47 and 48 and the belt 49, and relatively moves linearly with respect to the movement holding member 40.
- the battery engaging portion 24 and the moving holding member 40 are movably attached to the upper surface side of the inner peripheral surface of the holding member 26.
- the battery mounting portion 22 and the battery engaging portion 24 move in a direction approaching the bus 2 while being synchronized, and project from the holding member 26 to the front side. To do. Thereafter, the battery engaging portion 24 moves in a direction approaching the bus 2 and the battery 3 is inserted into the bus 2. Thereafter, the engaging claw portion 41 is raised, the battery mounting portion 22 and the battery engaging portion 24 are moved away from the bus 2, and the insertion of the battery 3 into the bus 2 is completed.
- the battery mounting portion 22 and the battery engaging portion 24 of this embodiment are movable portions that move in a direction approaching the bus 2 when the battery 3 is pulled out and inserted in order to pull out and insert the battery 3. Note that, when the battery 3 is pulled out from the bus 2, the position of the battery 3 is detected by the detection mechanism 21 as described later.
- the first holding member 27 is fixed with a positioning member 56 for positioning and fixing the battery 3 pulled out from the bus 2.
- the positioning member 56 is formed with an engaging recess 56 a with which the fixing member 13 is engaged.
- an RF reader 57 for exchanging data with an IC chip fixed to the front surface of the battery 3 is fixed at the center of the front end surface of the base portion 43.
- FIG. 20 is a view for explaining the lifting mechanism 18 shown in FIG. 6 from above.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the first coupling mechanism 61 shown in FIG. 6, (A) is a diagram for explaining the first coupling mechanism 61 from the front, and (B) is a diagram of (A). It is a figure for demonstrating the 1st connection mechanism 61 from PP direction.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the second coupling mechanism 62 shown in FIG. 6, (A) is a diagram for explaining the second coupling mechanism 62 from the front, and (B) is a diagram of (A). It is a figure for demonstrating the 2nd connection mechanism 62 from QQ direction.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram for explaining a state when the holding member 26 shown in FIG. 6 is tilted from the front.
- the elevating mechanism 18 is disposed on each of both ends of a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the battery mounting portion 22 and the battery engaging portion 24 and the vertical direction (hereinafter, this direction is referred to as “first direction”).
- first direction a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the battery mounting portion 22 and the battery engaging portion 24 and the vertical direction
- first direction A first lifting mechanism 59 and a second lifting mechanism 60 are provided.
- the first elevating mechanism 59 is connected to one end side of the first holding member 27 in the first direction by the first connecting mechanism 61.
- the second elevating mechanism 60 is connected to the other end side of the first holding member 27 in the first direction by the second connecting mechanism 62.
- the first elevating mechanism 59 and the second elevating mechanism 60 are provided to incline the holding member 26 with respect to the horizontal direction (more specifically, when viewed from the moving direction of the battery mounting portion 22 and the battery engaging portion 24).
- the holding member 26 In order to tilt the holding member 26 with respect to the first direction), it can be driven individually. That is, the first elevating mechanism 59 and the second elevating mechanism 60 can be individually driven in order to tilt the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17 with respect to the horizontal direction.
- the holding member 26 is connected to the first elevating mechanism 59 and the second elevating mechanism 60 so as to be inclined with respect to the first direction when viewed from the moving direction of the battery mounting portion 22 and the battery engaging portion 24. Has been.
- the first elevating mechanism 59 and the second elevating mechanism 60 include an elevating member 63 that is movable in the vertical direction, a columnar member 64 that holds the elevating member 63 so as to be able to elevate, and an elevating drive mechanism 65 that elevates the elevating member 63.
- the columnar member 64 is formed in a column shape elongated in the vertical direction. As shown in FIG. 6, the upper end of the columnar member 64 constituting the first elevating mechanism 59 and the upper end of the columnar member 64 constituting the second elevating mechanism 60 are connected by a connecting member 66, and two pieces The columnar member 64 and the connecting member 66 constitute a portal frame.
- the elevating drive mechanism 65 includes a motor 67, a screw member 68 such as a ball screw, and a nut member 69 screwed to the screw member 68 as a configuration for elevating the elevating member 63.
- the elevating drive mechanism 65 is configured to guide the elevating member 63 as a guide rail 70 formed in a linear shape, and a guide block that engages with the guide rail 70 and is relatively movable along the guide rail 70. 71.
- the motor 67 is fixed to the upper end side of the columnar member 64.
- the screw member 68 is rotatably held by the columnar member 64.
- the motor 67 and the screw member 68 are connected via a coupling 72 (see FIG. 7).
- the nut member 69 is fixed to the elevating member 63.
- the guide rail 70 is fixed to the side surface of the columnar member 64. Specifically, the guide rails 70 are fixed to both side surfaces of the columnar member 64 in the moving direction of the battery mounting portion 22 and the battery engaging portion 24.
- the guide block 71 is fixed to the elevating member 63. Therefore, in this embodiment, when the motor 67 rotates, the elevating member 63 is guided by the guide rail 70 and the guide block 71 and moves up and down with respect to the columnar member 64.
- the first coupling mechanism 61 is inserted into the substantially cylindrical tubular member 73 fixed to one end side of the first holding member 27 in the first direction, and the inner peripheral side of the tubular member 73.
- a shaft holding member 75 that is fixed to the lifting member 63 constituting the first lifting mechanism 59 and holds both end sides of the shaft member 74.
- the shaft member 74 is held by the shaft holding member 75 with the moving direction of the battery mounting portion 22 and the battery engaging portion 24 as the axial direction. That is, the shaft member 74 is held by the first lifting mechanism 59 via the shaft holding member 75.
- the shaft member 74 of this embodiment is a first shaft member.
- the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical member 73 is a cylindrical surface, and the shaft member 74 is formed in an elongated columnar shape.
- a tapered roller bearing 76 is disposed between the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical member 73 and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member 74.
- the tapered roller bearings 76 are disposed on both ends of the cylindrical member 73 in the moving direction of the battery mounting portion 22 and the battery engaging portion 24.
- the cylindrical member 73 is rotatable relative to the shaft member 74, and the holding member 26 is rotatable relative to the lifting member 63 of the first lifting mechanism 59 around the shaft member 74. Yes.
- the first connecting mechanism 61 connects the holding member 26 and the lifting member 63 so that the holding member 26 can be rotated relative to the lifting member 63 of the first lifting mechanism 59. Further, one end side of the holding member 26 in the first direction is rotatably held by the elevating member 63 of the first elevating mechanism 59 via the first connecting mechanism 61.
- the second coupling mechanism 62 includes a shaft holding member 77 that is fixed to the other end side in the first direction of the first holding member 27, and a shaft member that is held by both ends of the shaft holding member 77. 78, a shaft holding member 79 fixed to the lifting member 63 constituting the second lifting mechanism 60, a shaft member 80 whose both ends are held by the shaft holding member 79, and the shaft member 78 and the shaft member 80, respectively. And a block-shaped link member 81 in which two insertion holes 81a are formed.
- the shaft member 78 is held by the shaft holding member 77 with the moving direction of the battery mounting portion 22 and the battery engaging portion 24 as the axial direction, and the shaft member 80 has the moving direction of the battery mounting portion 22 and the battery engaging portion 24 as the axis. It is held by the shaft holding member 79 as a direction. That is, the shaft member 78 is held on the other end side of the holding member 26 in the first direction via the shaft holding member 77, and the shaft member 80 is held by the second lifting mechanism 60 via the shaft holding member 79. Yes. Moreover, the shaft members 78 and 80 are arrange
- the shaft member 80 of this embodiment is a second shaft member, and the shaft member 78 is a third shaft member.
- the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole 81a is a cylindrical surface, and the shaft members 78 and 80 are formed in an elongated columnar shape.
- a tapered roller bearing 82 is disposed between the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole 81 a and the outer peripheral surfaces of the shaft members 78 and 80.
- the tapered roller bearings 82 are disposed on both ends of the link member 81 in the moving direction of the battery mounting portion 22 and the battery engaging portion 24 (that is, on both ends of the insertion hole 81a).
- the link member 81 is rotatable relative to each of the shaft members 78 and 80. That is, the link member 81 is rotatably held by the holding member 26 via the shaft member 78 and the shaft holding member 77, and the lifting member of the second lifting mechanism 60 via the shaft member 80 and the shaft holding member 79. 63.
- the link member 81 is pivoted about the shaft member 80 with respect to the lifting member 63 of the second lifting mechanism 60, and the link member is centered on the shaft member 78 with respect to the holding member 26. 81 relative rotation is possible. Therefore, relative rotation of the holding member 26 with respect to the lifting member 63 of the second lifting mechanism 60 and relative movement in the first direction are possible. That is, the second connecting mechanism 62 is configured so that the holding member 26 and the elevating member 63 are capable of relative rotation of the holding member 26 with respect to the elevating member 63 of the second elevating mechanism 60 and relative movement in the first direction. Are connected.
- the holding member 26 is parallel to the horizontal direction. Go up and down while maintaining the state.
- the first connecting mechanism 61 has the lifting member 63 and the holding member of the first lifting mechanism 59 so that the holding member 26 can be rotated relative to the lifting member 63 of the first lifting mechanism 59.
- the second connecting mechanism 62 is configured so that the second elevating mechanism 62 can be relatively rotated and moved in the first direction relative to the elevating member 63 of the second elevating mechanism 60.
- the lifting member 63 and the holding member 26 are connected, so that only one of the motor 67 of the first lifting mechanism 59 or the motor 67 of the second lifting mechanism 60 rotates or the first lifting mechanism 59 moves up and down.
- the motor 67 rotates so that the amount of movement of the member 63 and the amount of movement of the elevating member 63 of the second elevating mechanism 60 are different, the holding member 26 is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction as shown in FIG. , Horizontally And battery tuning slide mechanism 17 is tilted).
- FIG. 24 is a view for explaining the rotation mechanism 19 and the horizontal movement mechanism 20 shown in FIG. 2 from the front.
- FIG. 25 is a view for explaining the rotation mechanism 19 and the horizontal movement mechanism 20 shown in FIG. 2 from above.
- FIG. 26 is a view for explaining the rotation mechanism 19 and the horizontal movement mechanism 20 from the RR direction of FIG. 27A is an enlarged view of a U portion in FIG. 25, and FIG. 27B is an enlarged view of a V portion in FIG.
- the rotation mechanism 19 includes a rotation member 85 that can be rotated while the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17 and the elevating mechanism 18 are mounted, and a rotation drive mechanism 86 that rotates the rotation member 85.
- the horizontal movement mechanism 20 includes a slide member 87 on which the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17, the elevating mechanism 18, and the rotation mechanism 19 are mounted and movable in the left-right direction, and a horizontal drive mechanism 88 that moves the slide member 87. Yes.
- Rotating member 85 is formed in a substantially disc shape.
- the slide member 87 is formed in a substantially rectangular plate shape whose longitudinal direction is the left-right direction.
- the width of the slide member 87 in the left-right direction is larger than the diameter of the rotating member 85, and the width of the slide member 87 in the front-rear direction is smaller than the diameter of the rotating member 85.
- the guide block 95 is fixed to the lower surface side of the rotating member 85.
- the plurality of guide blocks 95 are arranged in an annular shape centering on the center of curvature of the rotating member 85.
- the plurality of guide blocks 95 are arranged at an equiangular pitch with the center of curvature of the rotation member 85 as the center.
- seven guide blocks 95 are arranged at an equiangular pitch with the center of curvature of the rotation member 85 as the center.
- the two guide rails 101 are arranged at a predetermined interval in the front-rear direction. Moreover, the guide rail 101 is being fixed to the upper surface of the several support member 103 (refer FIG. 1) arrange
- the two guide rails 101 are arranged so as to intersect with the guide rail 94. Further, the distance in the front-rear direction between one guide rail 101 of the two guide rails 101 and the center of curvature of the rotating member 85 and the direction of the front-rear direction between the other guide rail 101 and the center of curvature of the rotating member 85 are the same. Two guide rails 101 are arranged so that the distances are equal.
- the distance in the front-rear direction between one of the two fixing members 104 and the center of curvature of the rotating member 85 and the direction of the front-rear direction between the other fixing member 104 and the center of curvature of the rotating member 85 are the same.
- Two fixing members 104 are arranged so that the distances are equal.
- the plurality of guide blocks 102 are fixed to the lower surface of the fixing member 104 at a constant pitch in the left-right direction. In this embodiment, four guide blocks 102 are fixed to each of the two fixing members 104.
- the battery replacement system 1 detects whether or not an operator has entered the movable range of the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17, the lifting / lowering mechanism 18, and the rotation mechanism 19 mounted on the slide member 87.
- a detection mechanism (not shown) for stopping the emergency stop 97 is provided.
- This detection mechanism is an optical sensor having a light emitting part and a light receiving part arranged so as to face each other. In this embodiment, one of the light emitting part or the light receiving part is attached to the left end side of the slide member 87, and the other of the light emitting part or the light receiving part is disposed above the support member 103 disposed at the left end of the plurality of support members 103.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram for explaining a method of detecting the approximate position of the battery 3 by the detection mechanism 21 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram for explaining a method of detecting the position of the battery 3 by the detection mechanism 21 shown in FIG.
- the detection mechanism 21 is a laser sensor that includes a light emitting unit that emits laser light, and a light receiving unit that receives the laser light emitted from the light emitting unit and reflected by the side surface 2a of the bus 2, the front surface of the battery mount 6, and the like. is there. As shown in FIG. 10, the detection mechanism 21 is attached to the upper surface on the front end side of the battery mounting portion 22. The detection mechanism 21 is attached to the battery mounting portion 22 so that the light emitting portion and the light receiving portion are adjacent in the horizontal direction. In the present embodiment, two detection mechanisms 21 are attached to the battery mounting portion 22 so as to correspond to the two detection marks 8 formed on the battery mount 6. The two detection mechanisms 21 are fixed to the battery mounting portion 22 at the same interval as the interval between the two detection marks 8.
- one detection mechanism 21 passes through the step 2b, one detection mechanism 21 is turned off. That is, the step 2b is detected when one detection mechanism 21 is turned off. Further, when the step 2b is detected, the left and right ends of the battery mount 6 are detected, and when the left and right ends of the battery mount 6 are detected, the battery mount 6 is mounted on the battery mount 6. The approximate position of the battery 3 is detected.
- the detection mechanism 21 When one detection mechanism 21 is turned off, the detection mechanism detected at any two points by one or the other detection mechanism 21 when the battery mounting portion 22 moves in the left-right direction toward the battery housing portion 4. Based on the distance between 21 and the side surface 2a of the bus 2, the inclination of the bus 2 with respect to the left-right direction when viewed from the vertical direction is detected.
- the battery is arranged so that each of the two detection marks 8 and each of the two detection mechanisms 21 face each other.
- the mounting portion 22 further moves in the left-right direction.
- the inclination of the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17 with respect to the left / right direction is adjusted. Specifically, the tilt of the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17 is adjusted by rotating the rotation member 85.
- the battery mounting portion 22 advances toward the battery mount 6 until the detection mechanism 21 that receives the laser light emitted from the light emitting portion of the detection mechanism 21 and reflected by the detection mark 8 is turned on. Thereafter, as shown in FIGS. 29B and 29C, the battery mounting portion 22 moves in the left-right direction so that the laser light from the light-emitting portion of the detection mechanism 21 crosses the detection mark 8 in the left-right direction. More specifically, the battery mounting portion 22 moves in the left-right direction so that the laser beams from the respective light-emitting portions of the two detection mechanisms 21 traverse each of the two detection marks 8 in the left-right direction.
- the detection mark 8 is detected by moving the battery mounting portion 22 so that the laser light from the light emitting portion of the detection mechanism 21 traverses the detection mark 8 in the left-right direction, and detecting the detection mark 8 by the detection mechanism 21. It is possible to detect the center position in the left-right direction of the eight detected portions. In this embodiment, for example, the position of the battery cradle 6 in the left-right direction is detected based on this center position, and the position of the battery cradle 6 in the left-right direction is detected, so that the battery cradle 6 is positioned. The position of the mounted battery 3 in the left-right direction is detected.
- the distance between the center position in the left-right direction of the detected portion of the detection mark 8 and the detection mechanism 21 can be detected by the detection mechanism 21.
- the center position and the detection mechanism 21 The position of the battery cradle 6 in the front-rear direction is detected based on the distance, and the position of the battery cradle 6 in the front-rear direction is detected, so that the front and rear of the battery 3 positioned and mounted on the battery cradle 6 are detected. A position in the direction is detected.
- the height of the battery cradle 6 detected by one of the two detection mechanisms 21 and the height of the battery cradle 6 detected by the other detection mechanism 21 are viewed in the front-rear direction.
- the inclination of the battery mount 6 with respect to the left-right direction is detected.
- the inclination of the battery stand 6 with respect to the left-right direction when viewed from the front-rear direction is detected.
- the position of the battery 3 in the front-rear and left-right directions, the height of the battery 3, the inclination of the battery 3 with respect to the left-right direction when viewed from the front-rear direction, and the inclination of the battery 3 with respect to the left-right direction when viewed from the up-down direction are detected.
- the protrusion 12 on the lower surface of the battery 3 and the groove 32a of the roller 32 of the battery mounting portion 22 substantially coincide with each other in the left-right direction, and the lower surface of the battery 3 and the upper surfaces of the rollers 31 and 32 substantially coincide with each other.
- the inclination of the battery 3 with respect to the left-right direction when viewed from the side and the inclination of the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17 substantially coincide with each other, and the inclination of the battery 3 with respect to the left / right direction when viewed from the up-down direction are adjusted so that the position, height, and inclination of the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17 in the left-right direction are substantially matched.
- the horizontal position of the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17 is adjusted by the horizontal movement mechanism 20, the height of the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17 is adjusted by the elevating mechanism 18, and the vertical direction is adjusted by the rotation mechanism 19.
- the inclination of the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17 with respect to the left / right direction when viewed is adjusted. Further, by driving one of the first elevating mechanism 59 and the second elevating mechanism 60, or by changing the drive amount of the first elevating mechanism 59 and the drive amount of the second elevating mechanism 60, the front and rear directions can be seen. The inclination of the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17 with respect to the left / right direction is adjusted.
- the battery mounting portion 22 and the battery engagement portion 24 move in the front-rear direction, and the battery 3 is pulled out from the bus 2.
- the engaging claw portion 41 is provided with a handle so that the battery 3 smoothly moves between the battery mount 6 and the battery mounting portion 22.
- the amount of movement of the battery mounting part 22 and the battery engagement part 24 in the front-rear direction is set so as to appropriately engage with the part 11.
- the inclination of the battery cradle 6 with respect to the left-right direction when viewed from the up-down direction varies depending on the stopping accuracy of the bus 2.
- the inclination of the battery cradle 6 with respect to the left-right direction when viewed from the front-rear direction varies depending on the state of the ground where the bus 2 stops.
- the batteries 3 are sequentially transferred from the bus 2 when the battery 3 is replaced. As it is pulled out, the inclination of the bus 2 with respect to the left-right direction when viewed from the front-rear direction changes.
- the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17 is held by the holding member 26. Further, in this embodiment, the holding member 26 is connected to the first lifting mechanism 59 at one end side in the first direction orthogonal to the moving direction and the vertical direction of the battery mounting portion 22 and the battery engaging portion 24, and the first direction Is connected to the second lifting mechanism 60 on the other end side. That is, in this embodiment, a mechanism for raising and lowering the holding member 26 is not disposed below the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is possible to lower the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17 to a relatively low position.
- the battery 3 mounted on the bus 2 can be appropriately pulled out or inserted by the battery inserting / removing mechanism 17. As a result, the battery 3 mounted on the bus 2 can be appropriately replaced.
- the holding member 26 is formed in a substantially rectangular tube shape in which both ends of the battery mounting portion 22 and the battery engaging portion 24 in the moving direction are opened. Therefore, the rigidity of the holding member 26 can be increased.
- the holding member 26 is formed in a substantially rectangular tube shape in which both ends in the moving direction of the battery mounting portion 22 and the battery engagement portion 24 are opened, the battery is utilized using the bottom surface side of the inner peripheral surface of the holding member 26.
- the mounting mechanism 23 can be attached, and the battery moving mechanism 25 can be attached using the upper surface side of the inner peripheral surface of the holding member 26.
- the upper end of the columnar member 64 constituting the first elevating mechanism 59 and the upper end of the columnar member 64 constituting the second elevating mechanism 60 are connected by the connecting member 66. Therefore, even if the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17 and the holding member 26 are arranged between the columnar member 64 constituting the first lifting mechanism 59 and the columnar member 64 constituting the second lifting mechanism 60, the battery mounting portion It is possible to prevent the columnar member 64 from falling to the inner side in the first direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the battery 22 and the battery engaging portion 24 and the vertical direction.
- the first elevating mechanism 59 and the second elevating mechanism 60 can be individually driven, and the holding member 26 is viewed from the moving direction of the battery mounting portion 22 and the battery engaging portion 24.
- the first elevating mechanism 59 and the second elevating mechanism 60 are coupled so as to be tiltable with respect to the first direction. Therefore, as described above, the first elevating mechanism 59 and the second elevating mechanism 60 are individually driven on the basis of the detection result of the inclination of the battery 3 with respect to the left and right direction when viewed from the front and rear direction. It is possible to match the inclination of the battery 3 with respect to the left-right direction when viewed, and the inclination of the battery insertion / removal mechanism 17. Therefore, it is possible to prevent interference between the holding member 26 and the battery 3 when the battery 3 is pulled out from the bus 2 and interference between the battery housing portion 4 and the battery 3 when the battery 3 is inserted into the bus 2. Become.
- one end side of the holding member 26 in the first direction is rotatably held by the first elevating mechanism 59 via the first connecting mechanism 61. Therefore, the holding member 26 floats when a moment occurs in the holding member 26 in the direction in which the holding member 26 floats from the lifting member 63 of the first lifting mechanism 59 (that is, the one end side of the holding member 26 in the first direction). Can be prevented. Further, in this embodiment, the link member 81 rotatably held by the shaft holding members 77 and 79 causes the relative rotation of the holding member 26 with respect to the lifting member 63 of the second lifting mechanism 60 and the relative movement in the first direction. The holding member 26 is coupled to the second elevating mechanism 60 so as to be possible.
- the link member 81 suppress the floating of the holding member 26 when the moment in the direction in which the holding member 26 floats is generated in the holding member 26 (that is, the floating of the other end side of the holding member 26 in the first direction). become.
- the battery 3 when the battery 3 is pulled out or inserted, the battery 3 is mounted on the battery mounting portion 22 that moves in a direction approaching the bus 2 and protrudes forward from the holding member 26, and the holding member 26 moves away from the bus 2. Even if a moment in the direction in which the portion on the holding side floats from the elevating member 63 (that is, a moment in the direction in which the upper end side of the holding member 26 tilts toward the bus 2) is generated in the holding member 26, It is possible to prevent the part on the side away from the lifting / lowering member 63 of the first lifting / lowering mechanism 59 and the part of the holding member 26 on the side away from the bus 2 from the second lifting / lowering mechanism 60. It is possible to suppress floating from the elevating member 63.
- the battery inserting / removing mechanism 17 and the holding member 26 are appropriately connected by the first elevating mechanism 59 and the second elevating mechanism 60. Can be moved up and down. That is, it is possible to simplify the configurations of the first elevating mechanism 59 and the second elevating mechanism 60 while appropriately raising and lowering the battery pulling mechanism 17 and the holding member 26.
- a tapered roller bearing 76 is disposed between the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole 81 a of the link member 81 and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft members 78 and 80 and in the moving direction of the battery mounting portion 22 and the battery engaging portion 24.
- Tapered roller bearings 82 are disposed on both end sides of each.
- the holding member 26 is formed in a substantially rectangular tube shape in which both ends in the moving direction of the battery mounting portion 22 and the battery engaging portion 24 are opened.
- the holding member 26 may be formed in a thick flat plate shape.
- a bracket for attaching the battery moving mechanism 25 is fixed to the flat holding member 26.
- the first connecting mechanism 61 connects the holding member 26 and the elevating member 63 so that the holding member 26 can rotate relative to the elevating member 63 of the first elevating mechanism 59.
- the first connection mechanism 61 is capable of relative rotation of the holding member 26 with respect to the elevating member 63 of the first elevating mechanism 59 and relative movement in the first direction.
- the holding member 26 and the elevating member 63 may be coupled so that
- the second connecting mechanism 62 includes the shaft holding member 79, the shaft member 80, and the link member 81.
- the second connecting mechanism 62 is a lifting member constituting a second lifting mechanism 60 instead of the shaft holding member 79, the shaft member 80, and the link member 81.
- the holding member 113 may be provided. Even in this case, the holding member 26 is held by the second connecting mechanism 62 so that the holding member 26 can be relatively rotated with respect to the raising / lowering member 63 of the second raising / lowering mechanism 60 and moved in the first direction. And the elevating member 63 can be connected. However, in this case, since it is difficult to ensure the rigidity between the guide rail 111 and the guide block 112, it is preferable to use the link member 81 in order to increase the rigidity of the second coupling mechanism 62. .
- the second coupling mechanism 62 includes a fixing member 120 that is fixed to the other end side of the first holding member 27 in the first direction, and a second lifting mechanism 60.
- the fixing member 121 fixed to the elevating member 63 may be provided, and the roller 122 that is rotatably attached to the upper surface side of the fixing member 121 and that contacts the lower surface of the fixing member 120 may be provided.
- the holding member 26 is held by the second connecting mechanism 62 so that the holding member 26 can be relatively rotated with respect to the raising / lowering member 63 of the second raising / lowering mechanism 60 and moved in the first direction.
- the elevating member 63 can be connected.
- the tapered roller bearing 76 is disposed between the cylindrical member 73 and the shaft member 74.
- the shaft member 74 may be fixed to the cylindrical member 73
- the tapered roller bearing 76 may be disposed between the shaft member 74 and the shaft holding member 75.
- the tapered roller bearing 82 is disposed between the insertion hole 81a of the link member 81 and the shaft members 78 and 80, but the shaft members 78 and 80 are fixed to the link member 81, and A tapered roller bearing 82 may be disposed between the shaft holding members 77 and 79 and the shaft members 78 and 80.
- the detection mechanism 21 is attached to the battery mounting portion 22 so that the light emitting portion and the light receiving portion are adjacent in the horizontal direction.
- the detection mechanism 21 may be attached to the battery mounting portion 22 so that the light emitting portion and the light receiving portion overlap in the vertical direction (vertical direction).
- the detection mechanism 21 is arranged so that the light emitting unit and the light receiving unit are adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction, for example, as shown in FIG. 32, the boundary between the front surface of the battery cradle 6 and the detection mark 8. In this case, the laser beam reflected from the front surface of the battery mount 6 is blocked by the detection mark 8 and may not return to the light receiving unit. However, the light emitting unit and the light receiving unit overlap in the vertical direction. If the detection mechanism 21 is arranged, it is possible to prevent such a problem from occurring.
- the detection mark 8 is formed in a flat plate shape protruding from the front surface of the battery mount 6.
- the detection mark 8 may be a recess recessed from the front surface of the battery mount 6.
- a substantially equilateral triangular through hole 6a penetrating the front wall of the battery cradle 6 and a reflection fixed to the rear surface of the front wall of the battery cradle 6 so as to close the through hole 6a.
- the detection mark 8 may be formed by the plate 110.
- the through hole 6a can be formed in the front wall of the battery cradle 6 by a punching process when the battery cradle 6 is manufactured, the detection mark 8 formed in a flat plate shape is provided. Compared with the case of fixing to the front surface of the battery mount 6, the positional accuracy of the detection mark 8 can be increased.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態にかかるバッテリー交換ロボット5が使用されるバッテリー交換システム1の斜視図である。図2は、図1のE部を別の角度から示す斜視図である。以下の説明では、互いに直交する3方向のそれぞれをX方向、Y方向およびZ方向とする。本形態では、Z方向が上下方向(鉛直方向)と一致する。また、以下の説明では、X方向を前後方向、Y方向を左右方向とする。
図3は、図2のF部の拡大図である。図4は、図1に示すバッテリー収容部4にバッテリー3が収容された状態を示す正面図である。図5は、図4のG部の拡大図である。
図2に示すように、ロボット5は、バス2からのバッテリー3の引抜きおよびバス2へのバッテリー3の差込みを行うバッテリー抜差機構17と、バッテリー抜差機構17を昇降させる昇降機構18と、上下方向を軸方向としてバッテリー抜差機構17および昇降機構18を回動させる回動機構19と、バッテリー抜差機構17、昇降機構18および回動機構19を左右方向へ移動させる水平移動機構20とを備えている。また、ロボット5は、検出用マーク8を検出するための検出機構21を備えている(図10参照)。
図6は、図2に示すバッテリー抜差機構17および昇降機構18を正面から示す図である。図7は、図6のH-H方向からバッテリー抜差機構17および昇降機構18を示す図である。図8は、図6に示すバッテリー搭載機構23を正面から説明するための図である。図9は、図6に示すバッテリー搭載機構23を側面から説明するための図である。図10は、図6に示すバッテリー搭載機構23を上面から説明するための図である。図11は、図8に示すローラ32の拡大断面図である。
図12は、図6に示すバッテリー移動機構25を正面から説明するための図である。図13は、図6に示すバッテリー移動機構25を側面から説明するための図である。図14は、図13に示すバッテリー係合部24がバス2から離れる方向へ移動したときの状態を側面から説明するための図である。図15は、図13のJ部の拡大図である。図16は、図13のK部の拡大図である。図17は、図13のL部の拡大図である。図18は、図6に示すバッテリー移動機構25を上面から説明するための図である。図19(A)は、図18のM部の拡大図であり、図19(B)は、図18のN部の拡大図である。
バス2からのバッテリー3の引抜きを行う際には、まず、バッテリー搭載部22がバス2に近づく方向へ移動して保持部材26から前側へ突出する。その後、バッテリー係合部24がバス2に近づく方向へ移動して保持部材26から前側へ突出する。その後、係合爪部41が下降してバッテリー3の取手部11に係合する。その後、バッテリー係合部24がバス2から離れる方向へ移動する。バッテリー係合部24が所定量移動して、バッテリー3がバッテリー搭載部22に搭載されると、その後、バッテリー搭載部22およびバッテリー係合部24が同期しながら、バス2から離れる方向へ移動する。その後、係合爪部41が上昇して取手部11から外れると、バス2からのバッテリー3の引抜きが完了する。
図20は、図6に示す昇降機構18を上面から説明するための図である。図21は、図6に示す第1連結機構61の構成を説明するための図であり、(A)は第1連結機構61を正面から説明するための図、(B)は(A)のP-P方向から第1連結機構61を説明するための図である。図22は、図6に示す第2連結機構62の構成を説明するための図であり、(A)は第2連結機構62を正面から説明するための図、(B)は(A)のQ-Q方向から第2連結機構62を説明するための図である。図23は、図6に示す保持部材26を傾けたときの状態を正面から説明するための図である。
図24は、図2に示す回動機構19および水平移動機構20を正面から説明するための図である。図25は、図2に示す回動機構19および水平移動機構20を上面から説明するための図である。図26は、図25のR-R方向から回動機構19および水平移動機構20を説明するための図である。図27(A)は、図25のU部の拡大図であり、図27(B)は、図25のV部の拡大図である。
図28は、図10に示す検出機構21によるバッテリー3の概略位置の検出方法を説明するための図である。図29は、図10に示す検出機構21によるバッテリー3の位置の検出方法を説明するための図である。
以上説明したように、本形態では、バッテリー抜差機構17が保持部材26に保持されている。また、本形態では、保持部材26は、バッテリー搭載部22およびバッテリー係合部24の移動方向と上下方向とに直交する第1方向の一端側で第1昇降機構59に連結され、第1方向の他端側で第2昇降機構60に連結されている。すなわち、本形態では、バッテリー抜差機構17の下側に保持部材26を昇降させるための機構が配置されていない。そのため、本形態では、バッテリー抜差機構17を比較的低い位置まで下げることが可能になる。したがって、本形態では、バス2の比較的低い位置にバッテリー3が搭載されていても、バス2に搭載されているバッテリー3をバッテリー抜差機構17で適切に引き抜いたり、差し込んだりすることが可能になり、その結果、バス2に搭載されているバッテリー3を適切に交換することが可能になる。
上述した形態は、本発明の好適な形態の一例ではあるが、これに限定されるものではなく本発明の要旨を変更しない範囲において種々変形実施が可能である。
3 バッテリー
5 バッテリー交換ロボット
17 バッテリー抜差機構
18 昇降機構
22 バッテリー搭載部(可動部)
24 バッテリー係合部(可動部)
26 保持部材
59 第1昇降機構
60 第2昇降機構
61 第1連結機構
62 第2連結機構
63 昇降部材
64 柱状部材
66 連結部材
73 筒状部材
74 軸部材(第1軸部材)
78 軸部材(第3軸部材)
80 軸部材(第2軸部材)
76、82 テーパコロ軸受
81 リンク部材
81a 挿通孔
Claims (8)
- 車両に搭載されているバッテリーを交換するためのバッテリー交換ロボットであって、
前記車両からの前記バッテリーの引抜きおよび/または前記車両への前記バッテリーの差込みを行うバッテリー抜差機構と、前記バッテリー抜差機構を保持する保持部材と、前記保持部材を昇降させる昇降機構とを備え、
前記バッテリー抜差機構は、前記車両へ近づく方向および前記車両から離れる方向へ移動可能で、前記バッテリーの引抜きおよび/または差込みを行うために前記バッテリーの引抜き時および/または差込み時に前記車両に近づく方向へ移動して前記保持部材から突出する可動部を備え、
前記昇降機構は、前記可動部の移動方向と上下方向とに直交する第1方向の両端側のそれぞれに配置される第1昇降機構と第2昇降機構とを備えることを特徴とするバッテリー交換ロボット。 - 前記バッテリー抜差機構は、前記可動部として、前記バッテリーの引抜き時および/または差込み時に前記バッテリーが搭載されるバッテリー搭載部と、前記バッテリーの引抜き時および/または差込み時に前記バッテリーに係合して前記バッテリー搭載部上で前記バッテリーを移動させるバッテリー係合部とを備えることを特徴とする請求項1記載のバッテリー交換ロボット。
- 前記保持部材は、前記可動部の移動方向の両端側が開口する略四角筒状に形成され、
前記バッテリー搭載部は、前記保持部材の内周面の底面側に移動可能に取り付けられ、
前記バッテリー係合部は、前記保持部材の内周面の上面側に移動可能に取り付けられていることを特徴とする請求項2記載のバッテリー交換ロボット。 - 前記第1昇降機構および前記第2昇降機構は、前記保持部材が連結されるとともに上下方向へ移動可能な昇降部材と、前記昇降部材を昇降可能に保持する柱状部材とを備え、
前記第1昇降機構を構成する前記柱状部材の上端と、前記第2昇降機構を構成する前記柱状部材の上端とは、連結部材によって連結されていることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれかに記載のバッテリー交換用ロボット。 - 前記第1昇降機構と前記第2昇降機構とは、個別に駆動可能であり、
前記保持部材は、前記可動部の移動方向から見たときの前記第1方向に対して傾斜可能となるように前記第1昇降機構および前記第2昇降機構に連結されていることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれかに記載のバッテリー交換ロボット。 - 前記保持部材は、前記第1昇降機構に対する前記保持部材の相対回動が可能となるように前記第1昇降機構に連結されるとともに、前記第2昇降機構に対する前記保持部材の相対回動および前記第1方向への相対移動が可能となるように前記第2昇降機構に連結されていることを特徴とする請求項5記載のバッテリー交換ロボット。
- 前記保持部材と前記第1昇降機構とを連結する第1連結機構と、前記保持部材と前記第2昇降機構とを連結する第2連結機構とを備え、
前記第1方向における前記保持部材の一端側は、前記第1連結機構を介して前記第1昇降機構に回動可能に保持され、
前記第2連結機構は、前記第1方向における前記保持部材の他端側および前記第2昇降機構に回動可能に保持されるとともに前記保持部材に対する回動中心と前記第2昇降機構に対する回動中心とが異なるリンク部材を備えることを特徴とする請求項6記載のバッテリー交換ロボット。 - 前記第1連結機構は、前記可動部の移動方向を軸方向として前記第1昇降機構に保持される第1軸部材と、前記保持部材に固定されるとともに前記第1軸部材が挿通される略筒状の筒状部材と、前記可動部の移動方向における前記筒状部材の両端側で前記第1軸部材の外周面と前記筒状部材の内周面との間に配置されるテーパコロ軸受とを備え、
前記第2連結機構は、前記可動部の移動方向を軸方向として前記第2昇降機構に保持される第2軸部材と、前記可動部の移動方向を軸方向として前記保持部材に保持される第3軸部材と、前記第2軸部材および前記第3軸部材のそれぞれが挿通される2個の挿通孔が形成される前記リンク部材と、前記可動部の移動方向における前記挿通孔の両端側で前記第2軸部材の外周面と前記挿通孔の内周面との間に配置されるテーパコロ軸受と、前記可動部の移動方向における前記挿通孔の両端側で前記第3軸部材の外周面と前記リンク部材の内周面との間に配置されるテーパコロ軸受とを備えることを特徴とする請求項7記載のバッテリー交換ロボット。
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| CN109605342A (zh) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-04-12 | 丁云广 | 一种移动平台顶部抓取电池装置 |
| CN115411337A (zh) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-11-29 | 华晨宝马汽车有限公司 | 用于车辆生产线的电池装配辅助设备和方法 |
| EP4353548A4 (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2024-10-09 | Contemporary Amperex Technology (Hong Kong) Limited | Electric box conveying apparatus |
| CN115816497A (zh) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-03-21 | 湖南航天宏图无人机系统有限公司 | 一种多旋无人机更换电池的全自动机械手 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2012105529A1 (ja) | 2014-07-03 |
| JP5955784B2 (ja) | 2016-07-20 |
| CN103140393A (zh) | 2013-06-05 |
| CN103140393B (zh) | 2015-07-15 |
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