WO2012105448A1 - Module de batterie, système de batterie, appareil d'alimentation électrique et corps mobile - Google Patents

Module de batterie, système de batterie, appareil d'alimentation électrique et corps mobile Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012105448A1
WO2012105448A1 PCT/JP2012/051831 JP2012051831W WO2012105448A1 WO 2012105448 A1 WO2012105448 A1 WO 2012105448A1 JP 2012051831 W JP2012051831 W JP 2012051831W WO 2012105448 A1 WO2012105448 A1 WO 2012105448A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
batteries
series
module
control unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2012/051831
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
浩也 村尾
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三洋電機株式会社
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Publication of WO2012105448A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012105448A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0024—Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/22—Balancing the charge of battery modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a battery module, a battery system, a power supply device including the battery system, and a moving object including the battery system.
  • a battery module having a configuration in which a battery group having a plurality of battery cells connected in parallel or a battery having a single battery cell is connected in series or a battery system having a configuration in which a plurality of battery modules are connected in series has been developed. ing.
  • the battery module having a configuration in which the batteries are connected in series has a problem that the charge / discharge characteristics of the battery module are abnormal if one of the batteries is abnormal.
  • a battery system having a configuration in which a plurality of battery modules are connected in series has a problem that an abnormality occurs in the charge / discharge characteristics of the battery system if any one of the battery modules is abnormal.
  • Patent Document 1 An assembled battery (battery module) that can solve the above problems and can extend the life is disclosed in Patent Document 1.
  • each cell constituting the assembled battery is connected in series, the abnormal cell in which a steady abnormality is detected is disconnected from the assembled battery, and a spare is used instead of the disconnected abnormal cell.
  • the battery is connected to the battery pack.
  • the assembled battery disclosed in Patent Document 1 since a spare battery is used instead of an abnormal cell, the battery life is reached when the number of abnormal cells exceeds the number of spare batteries, and each cell constituting the assembled battery The use time of the spare battery is extremely shortened compared to the use time. As described above, the assembled battery disclosed in Patent Document 1 is not configured to fully utilize a spare battery, and thus has a long life.
  • the present invention includes a battery module capable of further extending the life, a battery system capable of further extending the life, a power supply device including the battery system, and the battery system.
  • the object is to provide a moving body.
  • the battery module according to the present invention includes (N + ⁇ ) batteries, (N + ⁇ ) detour switches, and compares the parameters associated with the batteries by comparing the N batteries. And controlling each of the detour switches to connect the N batteries in series and to disconnect the ⁇ batteries from the series circuit in which the N batteries are connected in series.
  • the battery has a cell group in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in parallel or a single battery cell.
  • the battery system includes (M + ⁇ ) battery modules, (M + ⁇ ) detour switches, and compares M parameters by comparing parameters associated with the battery modules.
  • the battery module has a configuration in which a plurality of cell groups in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in parallel are connected in series, or a plurality of single battery cells are connected in series.
  • a power supply apparatus includes a battery system having the above configuration and a power conversion unit connected between the battery system and an external system power supply.
  • a mobile body according to the present invention is connected between the battery system having the above configuration, a motor driven by electric power output from the battery system, and the battery system and the motor. It is set as the structure provided with a power converter.
  • the life of the battery module, the battery system, the power supply device, and the moving body can be further extended.
  • the module control unit 14 corresponds to an example of a “control unit” described in claim 1.
  • the module control unit 14 measures a state of charge (SOC) of each battery 11 and a calculation unit that calculates an SOC change rate ( ⁇ SOC) used for deterioration determination described later from the measured SOC.
  • SOC state of charge
  • ⁇ SOC SOC change rate
  • 14 ⁇ / b> B and a selection unit 14 ⁇ / b> C that performs deterioration determination based on the value of ⁇ SOC and selects a reusable battery to be described later.
  • a battery module (hereinafter abbreviated as “module”) 1 is a single unit and is connected to a load 2A through a switch SW1 and through a switch SW2. Used by being connected to the power supply 2B.
  • the load 2A consumes electric power from various electronic devices and motors, and the power source 2B supplies electric power from a system power source and a generator to the outside.
  • the module 1 discharges when connected to the load 2A, and charges when connected to the power source 2B. Therefore, charging / discharging of the module 1 can be switched depending on which of the switches SW1 and SW2 is turned on.
  • the module 1 includes (N + ⁇ ) batteries 11 having a cell group in which a plurality of battery cells 11a are connected in parallel, includes (N + ⁇ ) detour switches 12, and includes an equalization unit 13 and a module.
  • One module control unit 14 that performs one overall control is provided.
  • N is a rated value necessary for supplying power to the load 2A or charging with power supplied from the power source 2B when the module 1 is connected to the load 2A or the power source 2B alone, and N and ⁇ are optional. Is a natural number.
  • Each detour switch 12 corresponds to each battery 11, and connects the corresponding battery 11 to the load 2A or the power source 2B by connecting the terminal c and the terminal a connected to one end of the corresponding battery 11, or Whether the corresponding battery 11 is disconnected from the load 2A and the power source 2B by connecting the terminal c and the terminal b connected to the other end of the corresponding battery 11 via the detour path is controlled by the module control unit 14 Select accordingly.
  • the batteries for which the corresponding bypass switch 12 selects the connection between the terminal c and the terminal a are connected in series and connected to the load 2 ⁇ / b> A or the power supply 2 ⁇ / b> B.
  • the equalizing unit 13 has (N + ⁇ ) discharge circuits (not shown in FIG. 1). Each discharge circuit of the equalization unit 13 corresponds to each battery 11 and is connected to each battery 11 in parallel.
  • FIG. 2B one structural example of the equalization part 13 is shown to FIG. 2B.
  • each discharge circuit of the equalizing unit 13 includes a resistor R1 and a switch SW3 connected in series, and each discharge circuit corresponds to the battery 11 corresponding to when the switch SW3 is in the ON state. Is discharged.
  • the SOC of each battery 11 can be equalized by adjusting the amount of discharge of each battery 11 by each discharge circuit so that the state of charge of each battery 11 is aligned.
  • module 1 Next, the operation of module 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • the module control unit 14 When the module control unit 14 starts the operation flow shown in FIG. 3, the module control unit 14 first compares the parameters associated with each battery 11 at the timing when the module 1 is not charging / discharging, thereby detecting the abnormality detected battery ( Select a battery (hereinafter referred to as “deterioration detection battery”) ( ⁇ ) for which deterioration is detected from all the batteries (N + ⁇ ) excluding ⁇ (see step S56 described later) (step S1). .
  • ⁇ is an integer from 0 to ⁇ .
  • the parameter is the number of times the battery is connected in series
  • the module control unit 14 stores the parameter, and the N batteries connected in series in order from the battery 11 having the smallest parameter value. It is said.
  • the module control unit 14 sets a deterioration detection permission flag to 0 (not permitted) for each deterioration detection battery (step S1).
  • the module control unit 14 controls each bypass switch 12 based on the selection, disconnects the abnormality detected battery ⁇ and the deterioration detected battery ( ⁇ ) from the load 2A and the power source 2B, and detects the abnormality.
  • All N batteries other than the used battery and the deterioration detection battery are connected in series and connected to the load 2A or the power source 2B (step S2).
  • the deterioration detection battery is selected by comparing the parameters associated with each battery 11, it is possible to prevent N batteries connected in series from being fixed. Thereby, the lifetime can be further increased as compared with the assembled battery disclosed in Patent Document 1.
  • the module control unit 14 executes step S3 after step S2. In step S3, the module control unit 14 determines whether or not the SOC of the entire module, that is, the average SOC of all the batteries (N + ⁇ ) excluding the abnormally detected batteries ⁇ is less than 80%.
  • step S3 If the SOC of the entire module is smaller than 80% (YES in step S3), the deterioration detection battery SOC adjustment process (step S4) and the deterioration determination process (step S5) are sequentially executed at the timing when the module 1 is charging / discharging. Then, the operation flow shown in FIG. Note that 80% in step S3 is an example, and an appropriate value may be set according to the specifications of the module 1 and the load 2A.
  • the deterioration detection battery SOC adjustment process in step S4 is as shown in the operation flow in FIG.
  • the module control unit 14 starts the operation flow shown in FIG. 4, first, whether or not each of the ( ⁇ ) deterioration detection batteries whose deterioration detection permission flag is set to 0 is in the first charge state. Is determined (step S41).
  • the “first charging state” a state where the SOC of the battery is larger than 45% and smaller than 55% will be described as an example.
  • the “first charging state” is a fully charged state. As long as it is not too close and not too close to a fully discharged state, the SOC of the battery may be other than a state of greater than 45% and less than 55%.
  • the module control unit 14 determines whether or not the SOC is 55% or more for each deterioration detection battery determined to be negative in step S41 (step S42). Next, the module control unit 14 connects the deterioration detection battery that has not been determined to be negative in step S42 to the load 2A only during the period in which the module 1 is discharging (step S43). Alternatively, the module control unit 14 connects the deterioration detection battery determined to be negative in step S42 to the power source 2B only during the period when the module 1 is charging (step S44).
  • the module control unit 14 determines whether the load 2A and the deterioration detection battery that has not been determined to be negative in step S41, even if the module 1 is discharging or the module 1 is charging.
  • the battery is kept disconnected from the power source 2B, and the battery deterioration detection permission flag is set to 1 (permitted) (step S45).
  • step S46 the module control unit 14 determines whether or not the deterioration detection flags of all deterioration detection batteries are 1 (step S46). If the deterioration detection flags of all the deterioration detection batteries are not 1 (NO in step S46), the process returns to step S41. On the other hand, if the deterioration detection flags of all the deterioration detection batteries are 1 (YES in step S46), the operation flow shown in FIG. When the operation flow shown in FIG. 4 is completed, the SOCs of all the ( ⁇ ) deterioration detection batteries are within the range of more than 45% and less than 55%.
  • the deterioration determination process in step S5 is as shown in the operation flow in FIG.
  • the module control unit 14 executes the processing of the operation flow shown in FIG. 5 in parallel for each deterioration detection battery.
  • the module control unit 14 first calculates the SOC of the deterioration detection battery, and stores the calculation result as the initial SOC (step S51).
  • step S52 the module control unit 14 starts discharging the deterioration detection battery and sets the time counter t to 0 and then starts time measurement using the time counter t.
  • the discharge of the deterioration detection battery is performed using a discharge circuit corresponding to the deterioration detection battery in the equalization unit 13.
  • step S53 the module control unit 14 determines whether or not the time counter t has reached a predetermined time T (for example, 24 hours) or more.
  • a predetermined time T for example, 24 hours
  • the module control unit 14 calculates the SOC of the deterioration detection battery again, and sets the calculated result as the SOC after the predetermined time has elapsed.
  • the calculation unit 14B in the module control unit 14 calculates the SOC change rate ( ⁇ SOC) from the initial SOC and the SOC after a predetermined time has elapsed (step S54).
  • ⁇ SOC is obtained by dividing the initial SOC obtained by subtracting the SOC after the elapse of a predetermined time by the time counter t when the SOC is calculated after the elapse of the predetermined time.
  • step S55 the selection unit 14C in the module control unit 14 determines whether ⁇ SOC is smaller than the threshold value D (D is a positive constant). If ⁇ SOC is not smaller than threshold value D (NO in step S55), for example, there is a possibility of a slight short circuit between the positive electrode and the negative electrode in the battery cell, so that it is determined as abnormal and stored as an abnormally detected battery. Then (step S56), the operation flow of FIG. On the other hand, if ⁇ SOC is smaller than the threshold value D (YES in step S55), it is determined as normal, stored as a reusable battery (step S57), and the operation flow in FIG.
  • D is a positive constant
  • step S1 in the operation flow shown in FIG. 3 is started again.
  • the current SOC average value of the N batteries connected in series with each other and connected to the load 2A or the power source 2B, and the current state It is determined whether or not the difference between the ( ⁇ ′) reuse target batteries and the average value of the SOC is smaller than a predetermined value.
  • step S1 in the operation flow shown in FIG. 3 is executed again.
  • the parameter is the number of times the battery is connected in series
  • the module control unit 14 stores the parameter
  • the battery 11 is connected in series starting from the battery 11 having the smallest parameter value. Since N batteries are used, each time the operation flow shown in FIG. 3 is executed, the batteries to be selected as the deterioration detection battery are sequentially different, and the deterioration detection battery is rotated. By this rotation, deterioration detection can be performed evenly, and variation between batteries in the usage time of all the batteries excluding abnormally detected batteries (the period when charging / discharging is connected to the load 2A or the power source 2B) is reduced. can do.
  • the deterioration determination can be performed without stopping charging / discharging in a state where the module 1 is connected to the load 2A or the power source 2B, and preparation for the next rotation can be performed without delay.
  • the difference between the average SOC of N batteries connected in series and the average SOC of ( ⁇ ′) reusable batteries is smaller than a predetermined value, The operation flow shown in FIG. 3 is repeated. Thereby, after step S1 in the operation flow shown in FIG. 3 is executed again, it is possible to prevent the SOCs of N batteries newly connected in series from greatly varying.
  • the battery deterioration determination is performed using an equalization unit that is generally provided to equalize the SOC of each battery in the module. There is no need to provide a special circuit, and battery deterioration can be determined at low cost. Further, in the present embodiment, the preparation for performing the battery deterioration determination using the load 2A and the power source 2B without providing a special circuit for the preparation for the battery deterioration determination (see FIG. 4), the preparation for determining the deterioration of the battery can be realized at low cost.
  • the deterioration degree of the battery can be determined with higher accuracy than the deterioration determination based on the analysis of the measured value during charging and discharging. Minute abnormality (deterioration) can be detected.
  • the overall control unit 4 and the module control unit 14 correspond to an example of a “control unit” described in claim 4.
  • the overall control unit 4 includes a selection unit 4A that selects an equalization target battery described later.
  • the module control unit 14 measures the SOC of each battery 11 and a calculation unit 14B that calculates a difference between the maximum SOC SOC and the minimum SOC min of the battery 11 in the module 1 from the measured SOC. And have.
  • a battery system including (M + ⁇ ) modules 1, (M + ⁇ ) detour switches 3, and one overall control unit 4 is connected to a load 2A via the switch SW1.
  • the battery system according to the second embodiment of the present invention discharges when connected to the load 2A and charges when connected to the power source 2B. Therefore, charging / discharging of the battery system according to the second embodiment of the present invention can be switched depending on which of the switches SW1 and SW2 is turned on.
  • FIG. 6 the same parts as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • M is a rated value required for power supply to the load 2A or charging with power supplied from the power source 2B, and M and ⁇ are arbitrary natural numbers.
  • Each detour switch 3 corresponds to each module 1, and connects the corresponding module 1 to the load 2A or the power source 2B by connecting the terminal f and the terminal d connected to one end of the corresponding module 1; Whether the corresponding module 1 is disconnected from the load 2A and the power source 2B by connecting the terminal f and the terminal e connected to the other end of the corresponding module 1 via a detour path is controlled by the overall control unit 4 Select accordingly.
  • the modules for which the corresponding detour switch 3 selects the connection between the terminal f and the terminal d are connected in series to each other and connected to the load 2A or the power supply 2B.
  • the parameter associated with each module 1 is the difference between the maximum SOC value SOCmax of the battery 11 in the module and the minimum SOC value SOCmin of the battery 11 in the module.
  • the above parameters are stored every time.
  • the overall control unit 4 first controls the measurement units 14A in all the module (M + ⁇ ) module control units 14 excluding the abnormally detected module ⁇ , For all modules (M + ⁇ ) excluding ⁇ detected abnormality modules, the SOC of each battery 11 excluding ⁇ detected abnormality batteries is measured.
  • ⁇ is an integer from 0 to ⁇ .
  • the overall control unit 4 causes the calculation units 14B in the module control units 14 of all the modules (M + ⁇ ) except the ⁇ detected abnormality modules to obtain the above-described SOCmax and SOCmin for each module 1.
  • SOCmax ⁇ SOCmin is obtained (step S6).
  • the abnormality detected module may be defined as, for example, a module in which at least one abnormality detected battery exists in the module, and for example, there are ⁇ abnormality detected batteries existing in the module. It may be defined as a module. Note that ⁇ is an arbitrary natural number of 2 or more. Further, the abnormality detected battery is determined by the same procedure as in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • step S7 the overall control unit 4 determines whether or not the absolute value of the current flowing through the load 2A or the power source 2B is smaller than a predetermined minute value ⁇ ( ⁇ is a positive constant). If the absolute value of the current flowing through the load 2A or the power source 2B is smaller than the predetermined minute value ⁇ (YES in step S7), module replacement processing (step S8) and equalization processing (step S9) are executed in order, as shown in FIG. The operation flow shown is finished. On the other hand, if the absolute value of the current flowing through the load 2A or the power source 2B is not smaller than the predetermined minute value ⁇ (NO in step S7), module replacement processing (step S8) and equalization processing (step S9) are executed. Without the operation, the operation flow shown in FIG.
  • the module replacement process in step S8 is as shown in the operation flow in FIG.
  • the selection unit 4A in the overall control unit 4 starts the operation flow shown in FIG. 8, first, all the modules (M + ⁇ ) except the ⁇ detected abnormality modules are associated with each module 1.
  • ( ⁇ ) in the descending order of SOCmax ⁇ SOCmin calculated by the calculation unit 14B is selected from the modules in the second charging state (step S81).
  • the “second charge state” will be described by taking an example in which the SOCmax is greater than 50% and less than 60%. However, in the “second charge state”, the SOCmax is greater than 50%. And it may be other than a state smaller than 60%.
  • the module selected by the selection is referred to as “selected module”.
  • step S82 the overall control unit 4 controls each detour switch 3 based on the selection, so that the abnormality detected module ⁇ and the selected module ( ⁇ ) are supplied from the load 2A and the power source 2B. Disconnect all the M modules other than the detected module and the selected module in series and connect them to the load 2 or the power supply 2B.
  • the selection module is selected by comparing the parameters associated with each module 1, it is possible to prevent the M modules connected in series from being fixed. Thereby, the lifetime can be further increased.
  • step S81 If there are less than ( ⁇ - ⁇ ) modules in the second charge state among all modules (M + ⁇ - ⁇ ) excluding ⁇ anomaly detected modules, anomaly detected modules and selection Any number that is insufficient with respect to ( ⁇ ) out of all modules other than the module is arbitrarily selected and disconnected from the load 2A and the power source 2B. Thereby, after the process of step S81 is completed, the M modules are connected in series and connected to the load 2A or the power source 2B, and the ⁇ modules are disconnected from the load 2 and the power source 2B. If ⁇ is equal to ⁇ , there is no selected module. Therefore, the operation flow shown in FIG. 8 is immediately terminated without executing steps S83 to S84, which will be described later, and a signal for urging module replacement is output. May be.
  • step S83 the overall control unit 4 determines, for each selected module, whether or not SOCmax ⁇ SOCmin is greater than a predetermined value ⁇ ( ⁇ is a positive constant).
  • the selection module that has not been determined to be negative in step S83 is determined as an equalization target module (step S84), and the operation module shown in FIG. finish.
  • step S9 The equalization process in step S9 is as shown in the operation flow in FIG. Note that the overall control unit 4 executes the processes of steps S92 to S95 described later on each equalization target module in parallel.
  • step S91 the overall control unit 4 first determines whether there is an equalization target module. If there is no equalization target module (NO in step S91), the operation flow shown in FIG. 9 is immediately terminated. On the other hand, if there is at least one equalization target module (YES in step S91), the process proceeds to step S92.
  • step S92 the overall control unit 4 controls the module control unit 14 of the equalization target module to discharge each battery for aligning the SOC of each battery except for the ⁇ abnormality detected batteries in the equalization target module.
  • Time T [i] is calculated.
  • the calculation of the discharge time T [i] is, for example, a value (Ah) obtained by multiplying the difference between the target SOC after discharge and the current SOC by the full charge capacity of the battery, the resistance value of the discharge circuit, and the battery voltage. It is obtained using the discharge current (A) obtained from
  • step S93 discharging of the battery with T [i] greater than 0 is started. This discharge is performed using a discharge circuit corresponding to this battery in the equalizing unit 13.
  • step S94 the overall control unit 4 controls the module control unit 14 of the equalization target module to initialize the time counter t to 0, and then starts time measurement using the time counter t.
  • step S95 following step S94 the overall control unit 4 controls the module control unit 14 of the equalization target module to stop discharging the battery whose T [i] is equal to or less than the time counter t.
  • step S96 the overall control unit 4 controls the module control unit 14 of the equalization target module to determine whether or not the discharge of all the batteries that have started discharging in step S93 is completed. If the discharging of all the batteries that have started discharging in step S93 is not completed (NO in step S96), the time counter t is incremented and the discharging is continued (step S97), and the process returns to step S95. On the other hand, if the discharging of all the batteries that have started discharging in step S93 has been completed (YES in step S96), the time counting by the time counter t is terminated, and the operation flow shown in FIG. 9 is terminated. When the operation flow shown in FIG.
  • the operation flow shown in FIG. 7 is started again, and M modules connected in series are newly selected.
  • the equalization target module is disconnected from the load 2A and the power supply 2B, the equalization target module can be discharged in the equalization process even when the battery system is being charged / discharged.
  • the M modules excluding the abnormally detected modules ⁇ and the selected modules ( ⁇ ), are selected without stopping charging / discharging in a state where they are connected to the load 2A or the power supply 2B.
  • Equalization processing can be performed on a module (equalization target module) in a specific charging state among modules, and preparation for the next module selection (selection of M modules connected in series) can be performed without delay. .
  • the modules are rotated and connected in series while different modules are sequentially selected and equalization processing is performed. The rotation can reduce the variation in SOC among M modules connected in series.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic configuration example of a power supply device including the battery system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • a power supply apparatus 101 shown in FIG. 10 includes a power storage apparatus 102 and a power conversion unit 103.
  • the power storage device 102 includes a battery system group 104 having a plurality of battery systems (hereinafter abbreviated as “battery systems”) according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and a controller 105.
  • the power conversion unit 103 includes a bidirectional DC / DC conversion unit 106 and a bidirectional DC / AC conversion unit 107.
  • the controller 105 controls the power conversion unit 103 and the battery system group 104.
  • the bidirectional DC / DC conversion unit 106 converts the DC power output from the battery system group 104 by the discharge of the battery system group 104 into DC power having different voltage values, and both To the DC / AC converter 107.
  • the DC power output from the bidirectional DC / DC converter 106 is also used for DC power feeding to a DC electronic device (not shown).
  • the bidirectional DC / AC conversion unit 107 converts the DC power output from the bidirectional DC / DC conversion unit 106 into AC power and outputs the AC power to the external power system 108.
  • the AC power output from the bidirectional DC / AC converter 107 is also used for AC power feeding to an AC electronic device (not shown).
  • the DC electronic device (not shown) and the AC electronic device (not shown) correspond to the load 2A in FIGS.
  • the bidirectional DC / AC conversion unit 107 converts AC power supplied from the external power system 108 into DC power and outputs the DC power to the bidirectional DC / DC conversion unit 106.
  • the bidirectional DC / DC converter 106 converts the DC power supplied from the bidirectional DC / AC converter 107 into DC power having different voltage values, and outputs the DC power to the battery system group 104. Charge.
  • the power system 108 corresponds to the power source 2B in FIGS.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic configuration example of a vehicle equipped with a battery system.
  • the same parts as those in FIG. 10 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • a vehicle 109 shown in FIG. 11 is an electric vehicle, and includes a power storage device 102, a power conversion unit 103, a motor 110, and a generator 111.
  • the power storage device 102 includes a battery system group 104 having a plurality of battery systems and a controller 105.
  • the power conversion unit 103 includes a bidirectional DC / DC conversion unit 106 and a bidirectional DC / AC conversion unit 107.
  • the motor 110 is a traveling motor that causes the vehicle 109 to travel
  • the generator 111 is a generator that generates power using energy when the vehicle 109 is regeneratively braked.
  • the bidirectional DC / DC converter 106 converts the DC power output from the battery system group 104 by the discharge of the battery system group 104 into DC power having different voltage values. And output to the bidirectional DC / AC conversion unit 107.
  • the bidirectional DC / AC converter 107 converts the DC power output from the bidirectional DC / DC converter 106 into AC power and supplies the AC power to the motor 110.
  • the motor 10 corresponds to the load 2A in FIGS.
  • the bidirectional DC / AC conversion unit 107 converts the AC power supplied from the generator 111 into DC power, thereby generating bidirectional DC / DC.
  • the data is output to the conversion unit 106.
  • the bidirectional DC / DC converter 106 converts the DC power supplied from the bidirectional DC / AC converter 107 into DC power having different voltage values, and outputs the DC power to the battery system group 104. Charge.
  • the generator 111 corresponds to the power source 2B in FIGS.
  • the battery system group 104 and the bidirectional DC / AC converter 107 are directly connected without passing through the bidirectional DC / DC converter 106. Configuration is also conceivable.
  • the vehicle 109 including the battery system unlike the configuration illustrated in FIG. 11, the battery system group 104 and the bidirectional DC / AC conversion unit 107 are directly connected without passing through the bidirectional DC / DC conversion unit 106. Configuration is also conceivable.
  • the controller 105 may have the same function instead of the overall control unit (see FIG. 6) in each battery system of the battery system group 104.
  • the overall control unit controls the power conversion unit 103.
  • the equalization unit 13 having (N + ⁇ ) discharge circuits is used, but instead of this, (N + ⁇ ) pieces of (N + ⁇ ) pieces corresponding to (N + ⁇ ) pieces of batteries 11 are used.
  • the deterioration determination process of step S5 the deterioration detection battery is charged using the charge circuit corresponding to the deterioration detection battery in the equalization section 13, and the deterioration detection battery by the charge is used.
  • the degree of deterioration of the deterioration detecting battery may be determined from the rate of change of the state of charge.
  • the parameter associated with each battery is the number of times the battery is connected in series, but the content of the parameter may be other than this.
  • connection time, the number of charge / discharge cycles during connection, and the like may be used as the parameters.
  • the parameter associated with each module 1 is the difference between the maximum SOC value SOCmax of the battery 11 in the module and the minimum SOC value SOCmin of the battery 11 in the module.
  • the content of the parameter may be other than this.
  • the number of connections, the number of charge / discharge cycles during connection, and the like may be used as the parameters.
  • the charge states of the N batteries connected to the load 2A or the power source 2B may be equalized by the equalization unit 13.
  • the predetermined allowable range is set in the charge state of the M modules connected in series to each other and connected to the load 2A or the power source 2B.
  • the charging state of the M modules connected in series to each other and connected to the load 2A or the power source 2B may be equalized by the equalizing unit 13.
  • the abnormality detection battery is determined in the same procedure as in the first embodiment, but the determination method and timing may be other than this.
  • the battery 11 has a cell group in which a plurality of battery cells 11a are connected in parallel. May have a single battery cell 11a. Further, the battery 11 may include a configuration other than the battery cell.
  • a general module as shown in FIG. 12B may be used instead of the module 1.
  • the battery discharge stop timing is controlled by the battery discharge time, but the battery discharge stop timing is controlled by other general control. It may be controlled.
  • the target SOC of the battery is set, the SOC of the battery is calculated at any time during the discharge of the battery, and the time when the target SOC is reached is set as the battery discharge stop timing.
  • the SOC is used as an indicator of the state of charge of the battery or module.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the voltage of the battery or module, the depth of discharge (Depth of discharge). : DOD), storage amount [Ah], etc. may be used as an indicator of the state of charge of the battery or module.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un module de batterie comprenant : (N + α) éléments de batterie ; (N + α) commutateurs de dérivation ; et une unité de commande de module qui sélectionne N éléments de batterie en comparant des paramètres associés à chacune des batteries, connecte en série les N éléments de batterie en commandant chacun des commutateurs de dérivation, et sépare α éléments de batterie du circuit série comportant les n éléments de batterie connectés en série. Chacune des batteries précitées comprend une pile de batterie unique ou un groupe de piles de batterie qui comportent une pluralité de piles de batterie connectées en parallèle.
PCT/JP2012/051831 2011-01-31 2012-01-27 Module de batterie, système de batterie, appareil d'alimentation électrique et corps mobile WO2012105448A1 (fr)

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JP2011017680 2011-01-31

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Cited By (16)

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CN103647316A (zh) * 2013-12-03 2014-03-19 深圳市雅格朗电子有限公司 一种串联锂电池组电源均衡管理系统
WO2014122832A1 (fr) * 2013-02-06 2014-08-14 日本電気株式会社 Dispositif de stockage d'énergie et procédé de détermination de détérioration
JP2014180091A (ja) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-25 Npo Hiroshima Junkangata Shakai Suishin Kiko 二次電池リコンディション装置
EP3069919A1 (fr) * 2015-03-16 2016-09-21 Thunder Power Hong Kong Ltd. Bloc-batterie et circuits de connexion de modules de batterie
CN107171382A (zh) * 2017-05-19 2017-09-15 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池组充电系统和方法
US9954260B2 (en) 2015-03-16 2018-04-24 Thunder Power New Energy Vehicle Development Company Limited Battery system with heat exchange device
US10173687B2 (en) 2015-03-16 2019-01-08 Wellen Sham Method for recognizing vehicle driver and determining whether driver can start vehicle
CN109216797A (zh) * 2017-06-29 2019-01-15 青岛恒金源电子科技有限公司 一种锂离子电池组的运行方法
US10384533B2 (en) 2015-03-16 2019-08-20 Thunder Power New Energy Vehicle Development Company Limited Fastening method for components
US10450007B2 (en) 2015-03-16 2019-10-22 Thunder Power New Energy Vehicle Development Company Limited Underbody manufacturing method and vehicle underbody
US10500919B2 (en) 2015-03-16 2019-12-10 Thunder Power New Energy Vehicle Development Company Limited Fastening method for components
US10703211B2 (en) 2015-03-16 2020-07-07 Thunder Power New Energy Vehicle Development Company Limited Battery pack, battery charging station, and charging method
EP3793057A1 (fr) * 2019-09-10 2021-03-17 Yazaki Corporation Unité de contrôle de batterie et système de batterie
EP3859936A1 (fr) * 2020-01-28 2021-08-04 Yazaki Corporation Unité de commande de batterie et système de batterie
CN114759622A (zh) * 2020-12-25 2022-07-15 比亚迪股份有限公司 电池系统、车辆及其控制方法
CN116198387A (zh) * 2023-03-29 2023-06-02 博雷顿科技股份公司 一种电池不一致性控制方法及系统

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US10038325B2 (en) 2013-02-06 2018-07-31 Nec Corporation Electric storage device and deterioration determination method
WO2014122832A1 (fr) * 2013-02-06 2014-08-14 日本電気株式会社 Dispositif de stockage d'énergie et procédé de détermination de détérioration
JP2014180091A (ja) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-25 Npo Hiroshima Junkangata Shakai Suishin Kiko 二次電池リコンディション装置
CN103647316A (zh) * 2013-12-03 2014-03-19 深圳市雅格朗电子有限公司 一种串联锂电池组电源均衡管理系统
US10450007B2 (en) 2015-03-16 2019-10-22 Thunder Power New Energy Vehicle Development Company Limited Underbody manufacturing method and vehicle underbody
US9954260B2 (en) 2015-03-16 2018-04-24 Thunder Power New Energy Vehicle Development Company Limited Battery system with heat exchange device
US10173687B2 (en) 2015-03-16 2019-01-08 Wellen Sham Method for recognizing vehicle driver and determining whether driver can start vehicle
US10384533B2 (en) 2015-03-16 2019-08-20 Thunder Power New Energy Vehicle Development Company Limited Fastening method for components
EP3069919A1 (fr) * 2015-03-16 2016-09-21 Thunder Power Hong Kong Ltd. Bloc-batterie et circuits de connexion de modules de batterie
US10500919B2 (en) 2015-03-16 2019-12-10 Thunder Power New Energy Vehicle Development Company Limited Fastening method for components
US10703211B2 (en) 2015-03-16 2020-07-07 Thunder Power New Energy Vehicle Development Company Limited Battery pack, battery charging station, and charging method
CN107171382A (zh) * 2017-05-19 2017-09-15 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池组充电系统和方法
CN109216797A (zh) * 2017-06-29 2019-01-15 青岛恒金源电子科技有限公司 一种锂离子电池组的运行方法
EP3793057A1 (fr) * 2019-09-10 2021-03-17 Yazaki Corporation Unité de contrôle de batterie et système de batterie
US11469601B2 (en) 2019-09-10 2022-10-11 Yazaki Corporation Battery control unit and battery system
EP3859936A1 (fr) * 2020-01-28 2021-08-04 Yazaki Corporation Unité de commande de batterie et système de batterie
CN113258629A (zh) * 2020-01-28 2021-08-13 矢崎总业株式会社 电池控制单元和电池系统
CN113258629B (zh) * 2020-01-28 2024-02-09 矢崎总业株式会社 电池控制单元和电池系统
CN114759622A (zh) * 2020-12-25 2022-07-15 比亚迪股份有限公司 电池系统、车辆及其控制方法
CN116198387A (zh) * 2023-03-29 2023-06-02 博雷顿科技股份公司 一种电池不一致性控制方法及系统
WO2024199183A1 (fr) * 2023-03-29 2024-10-03 博雷顿科技股份公司 Procédé et système de réglage d'incohérence de batterie

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