WO2012095020A1 - 一种阻尼结构 - Google Patents

一种阻尼结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012095020A1
WO2012095020A1 PCT/CN2012/070319 CN2012070319W WO2012095020A1 WO 2012095020 A1 WO2012095020 A1 WO 2012095020A1 CN 2012070319 W CN2012070319 W CN 2012070319W WO 2012095020 A1 WO2012095020 A1 WO 2012095020A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cavity
piston
sub
axial
chamber
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/070319
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李才有
李飞勇
Original Assignee
漳州威迪亚卫浴有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 漳州威迪亚卫浴有限公司 filed Critical 漳州威迪亚卫浴有限公司
Priority to JP2013548733A priority Critical patent/JP6222603B2/ja
Priority to US13/978,507 priority patent/US9115519B2/en
Publication of WO2012095020A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012095020A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D11/00—Additional features or accessories of hinges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F5/00—Braking devices, e.g. checks; Stops; Buffers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K13/00—Seats or covers for all kinds of closets
    • A47K13/12—Hinges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F5/00—Braking devices, e.g. checks; Stops; Buffers
    • E05F5/06—Buffers or stops limiting opening of swinging wings, e.g. floor or wall stops
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/10—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using liquid only; using a fluid of which the nature is immaterial
    • F16F9/14—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/3207—Constructional features
    • F16F9/3214—Constructional features of pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/3207—Constructional features
    • F16F9/3228—Constructional features of connections between pistons and piston rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/3207—Constructional features
    • F16F9/3235—Constructional features of cylinders
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/252—Type of friction
    • E05Y2201/254—Fluid or viscous friction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/262—Type of motion, e.g. braking
    • E05Y2201/266—Type of motion, e.g. braking rotary
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2999/00—Subject-matter not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2232/00—Nature of movement
    • F16F2232/06—Translation-to-rotary conversion

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a damping mechanism, for example for pivotally connecting a pivoting member, such as a toilet lid, to a mounting such as a toilet seat.
  • the present invention provides a long-life damping structure for pivotally connecting a pivot member to a fixed seat, including:
  • a body for attachment to one of the mount and the pivot member, the body defining a cavity having a central axis, the cavity including a threaded section having an internal thread around the central axis and a smooth segment;
  • a piston comprising a threaded section having an external thread around the central axis and a piston head, the threaded section of the cavity and the threaded section of the piston forming a screw-fit fit between the inner and outer threads
  • the piston is slidable along the central axis on the rotating shaft, and the piston head is in a radial clearance fit or a flexible sealing fit with a smooth section of the cavity
  • the piston having an axial bore section a radial clearance fit or a flexible sealing fit with the rotating shaft, thereby separating the cavity into a first sub-chamber that accommodates the cavity thread segment and one and the first along the central axis direction a second sub-chamber that is axially opposed to the chamber, and when the piston moves along the shaft while moving axially, the liquid charged into the first and second sub-chambers is forced to pass from the sub-chamber through the piston
  • the invention also provides another damping mechanism for pivotally connecting a pivoting member to a fixed seat, comprising:
  • a body for attachment to one of the mount and the pivot member, the body defining a cavity having a central axis, the cavity including a threaded section having an internal thread around the central axis;
  • a piston the piston including a threaded section having an external thread around the central axis, the threaded section of the cavity and the threaded section of the piston forming a screw-fit relationship between the inner and outer threads, a piston slidable along the central axis on the shaft, the piston having a radial clearance fit or a flexible sealing fit between the axial bore and the shaft, thereby aligning the chamber along the central axis
  • the body is divided into a first sub-chamber and a second sub-chamber axially opposite to the first sub-chamber, and is filled into the first and second sub-chambers as the piston moves along the rotating shaft while moving in the axial direction
  • the liquid is forced to flow from one of the sub-chambers to the other sub-chamber through a gap between the piston and the rotating shaft and/or a gap between the inner and outer threads, thereby
  • the relative rotation between the bodies produces a damping effect.
  • the rotating shaft has a radially outwardly extending
  • the present invention also provides a further damping mechanism for pivotally connecting a pivoting member to a fixed seat, comprising:
  • a body for attachment to one of the mount and the pivot member, the body defining a cavity having a central axis, the cavity including a threaded section having an internal thread around the central axis and a smooth Segment, smooth section with one or more axial oil grooves.
  • a piston comprising a threaded section having an external thread around the central axis and a piston head, the threaded section of the cavity and the threaded section of the piston forming a screw-fit fit between the inner and outer threads
  • the piston can slide along the central axis on the rotating shaft, and the piston head and the smooth portion of the cavity have a radial clearance fit or a flexible sealing fit between the regions other than the oil groove
  • the piston has a radial clearance fit or a flexible sealing fit between the axial bore and the rotating shaft, thereby separating the cavity into a first sub-chamber containing the threaded section of the cavity along the central axis direction and a second sub-chamber axially opposite to the first sub-chamber, wherein the liquid charged into the first and second sub-chambers is forced from one of the sub-chambers while the piston is rotating along the rotating shaft while moving axially Flow through the oil sump and/or the radial gap to the other sub-chamber, thereby damp
  • the depth or width of the oil sump is gradual.
  • Still another aspect of the present invention is: a damper mechanism for pivotally connecting a pivot member to a fixed seat, comprising:
  • the cavity is divided into a first sub-chamber and a second sub-chamber in the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the liquid charged into the first and second sub-chambers is forced to rotate from the rotating shaft to one of the sub-chambers Flowing to another sub-chamber, thereby damping the relative rotation between the rotating shaft and the casing body;
  • the rotating shaft has a radially outwardly extending and axially extending oil passage groove on the path section between the first sub-chamber and the second sub-chamber, and the depth or width of the oil passage is gradual.
  • the solution is directed to a plunger type damping mechanism.
  • the separation of the first and second sub-chambers can be controlled by the cooperation of the piston and the inner wall of the cavity, or by the cooperation of the rotating shaft guiding surface and the cavity.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the housing body of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of the rotating shaft of the present invention.
  • Figures 4 and 5 are perspective views of the piston of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of the one-way valve of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of the end cap of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a damper mechanism of the present invention for example, for pivotally connecting a pivot member (e.g., a toilet lid, not shown) to a mount (e.g., a toilet lid, not shown), including: one for connection To the housing body 1 on one of the fixing base and the pivoting member, the connecting means is, for example, a connecting hole 12 of the housing body and a connecting hole holder 11, the housing body 1 defining a cylindrical cavity 10 having a central axis (may be a stepped cylindrical cavity in other embodiments not shown) and has a first axial end (left end of the casing body 1 as shown in Figures 1 and 2) and a direction along the central axis An axially opposite second axial end (as shown in Figures 1 and 2 at the right end of the housing body 1), the cavity 10 having a first axial opening 16 at the first axial end (shown in Figures 8-11), the cavity 10 opens outside the housing body 1 via the first axial opening 16, and the aperture of the first axial opening is perpendicular to the
  • the outer casing body 1 is comprised of the shoulder shoulders 17, that is, the space defined by the outer casing body 1 within the first axial opening 16 is collectively referred to as the cavity 10.
  • the illustrated end wall 60 is connected to the housing body 1 in a split manner, the end wall and the housing body may also be formed in one piece; although the illustrated shoulder 17 is integral with the housing body 1, the shoulder is It can also be connected to the body of the housing. Its purpose is to facilitate the processing and installation of the present invention.
  • the damper structure of the present invention further includes: a rotating shaft 2 having a projection from the first axial opening 16 in the direction of the central axis into the cavity A shaft midsection 21 in 10, and a shank 25 extending in an opposite direction from the outer portion of the housing body 1 from the shaft section, for example, through the coupling hole 26 and the coupling socket 27 on the shank
  • the rotating shaft 2 is coupled to the other of the fixed seat and the pivoting member; the boundary line between the shaft middle portion 21 and the shank 25 is the first axial opening 16.
  • the shaft middle section 21 and the housing body 1 are radially supported to each other such that the shaft 2 is rotatable relative to the housing body 1 about the central axis;
  • the shaft further includes a a first shaft section 22 of the shaft midsection 21 extending into the cavity 10 along the central axis direction and a second shaft section 23 extending from the first shaft section in the direction of the central axis, the first shaft section
  • the second shaft section 22 and the second shaft section 23 are collectively referred to as a shaft extension section having a free end portion (i.e., the second shaft section 23), and the second axial end portion of the outer casing body 1 (right end of the drawing)
  • the end wall 60 has a counterbore for accommodating the second shaft portion 23 or the free end portion, so that the axial shoulder of the shaft 2 relative to the housing body 1 can be supported and restrained with the hole shoulder 17 , the right displacement, as shown.
  • the cavity 10 further includes a threaded section 18 and a smooth section 19, and the shaft extension of the rotating shaft 2 (ie, the first shaft section 22 plus the second shaft section 23) axially sleeves a piston 4
  • the piston includes a threaded section 47 and a piston head 48 formed with an external thread 46 about the central axis along the central axis, the threaded section 18 of the cavity and the threaded section 47 of the piston
  • the screw-fit relationship between the inner and outer threads, the piston head 48 and the smooth section 19 of the cavity form a relatively sliding sealing relationship between the axial direction and the circumferential direction, for example, the smooth section of the piston head 48 and the cavity
  • a flexible sealing ring or piston ring mounted to the piston head 48 can be sandwiched between 19 to form a relatively sliding sealing relationship in the axial and circumferential directions; thereby, the piston head 48 is oriented in the direction of the central axis
  • the cavity 10 is partitioned into a first sub-chamber 13 adjacent to the middle of the shaft and
  • the axial bore portion 42 is formed on the piston head 48 to form an axial free sliding and radial clearance fit relationship with the shaft extension; however, such axial bore segments may also Formed in the remaining position of the piston 4 and also forming an axial free sliding and radial clearance fit relationship (not shown) with the shaft extension.
  • the shaft midsection 21 and the housing body, in particular its bore shoulders 17, are radially supported to each other such that the shaft 2 is rotatable relative to the housing body 1 about the central axis.
  • the rotation of the shaft can also be coordinated to the support by the piston 4 or by the piston alone to the housing body 1.
  • the shaft midsection 21 is a shoulder that is radially and axially supported in engagement with the shoulder 17.
  • the middle section of the shaft may also be a necked or have an annular groove to achieve an axial and/or radial mutual support fit with the outer casing body 1, in particular its shoulder or some form of shoulder (not show).
  • the free end portion of the shaft extension may also have a constricted or annular groove or shoulder to achieve axial and/or radial mutual support between the housing body 1 and particularly its end wall 60 (not shown) ).
  • the second shaft section 23 or the free end portion is provided with a radially outwardly extending and axially extending oil groove 24, the length of the oil passage groove in the axial direction being significantly larger than the shaft on the piston head.
  • the first and second sub-chambers 13 and 14 pass through the oil sump 24 as the axial length of the bore 42 is such that the axial bore 42 on the piston head slides over the second sump along the second shaft. Liquid connection. Thereby, the damping of the relative rotation between the body and the rotating shaft by the liquid is greatly alleviated, and even the damping effect is not felt.
  • the oil sump 24 is open on the shaft section of the second shaft section 23 or the free end portion near its free end surface; however, the oil sump 24 may be opened in the second shaft section 23 or the free end portion. On the shaft section away from its free end face, even on the first shaft section 22.
  • the oil sump 24 can also be helical or otherwise curved.
  • One end of the oil sump 24 is a buffer section whose cross section is gradually reduced. Thereby, the mechanism can be gradually changed from the non-damping stage to the damping stage, and the mechanism motion is more stable.
  • three gradual oil passages 24 are provided in the second shaft section 23 or the free end portion of the rotating shaft, and the gradual change manner is that the depth is constant, and the oil sump side wall 241 is gradually shallower in the opposite direction to the free end. In this way, when the piston head slides to this section, the oil passage through the oil passage gradually becomes smaller.
  • a one-way valve passage is provided in the piston head 48.
  • the second sub-chamber is in fluid communication with the first sub-chamber through the one-way valve passage;
  • the piston and the piston head can slide all the way, and are hardly affected by the liquid damping.
  • the one-way valve passage is closed when the piston head moves axially away from the oil sump; thus, when the piston head 48 axially exits the oil sump 24 along the second shaft section, the piston and the piston head are opposite to the second shaft section Sliding is affected by liquid damping.
  • the specific structure of the one-way valve passage includes: an annular groove 43 formed in the piston head 48, the annular groove opening radially outward and opening to the second sub-chamber 14; and a secondary groove 43 a decompression port 44 leading to the first sub-chamber; and a one-way valve ring 5 nested in the annular groove 43, the one-way valve ring being axially movable in the annular groove and flexible or The elastic portion abuts against the smooth section 19 of the cavity and slides in the axial direction, wherein the one-way valve ring 5 is in the annular groove when the piston head moves axially along the second shaft section 23 in the direction of the oil groove.
  • the second sub-chamber 14 is opened by the relative displacement between the one-way valve ring 5 and the annular groove 43 (the one-way valve ring 5
  • the axial spacing between the side faces 45 of the annular groove 43 and the decompression port 44 are in fluid communication with the first sub-chamber 13; the check valve ring is in the direction of the piston head moving away from the oil sump
  • the axial groove is displaced relative to the piston head in the direction of the oil sump (shown to the right), and the axial interval is closed (the side of the one-way valve ring 5 and the annular groove 43)
  • the sealing seal between the faces 45) closes the liquid passage of the first and second sub-chambers through the decompression port. What is described in this paragraph is only a preferred one-way valve passage specific structure, and there are other one-way valve passage structures. Many one-way valve passage structures known in the art can also be applied to the present invention.
  • the decompression tunnel 44 passes radially or inwardly from the radially bottom surface of the annular groove 43 through the piston head 48 to directly or indirectly communicate with the first subchamber, for example, through a portion of the piston 4 other than the piston head. Connected to the first sub-chamber 13.
  • the threaded portion of the piston threaded section 47 and the cavity threaded section 18 have a larger nominal diameter and a greater tensile strength than the integral damping mechanism. The purpose is to more effectively transfer the damping of the liquid to the relative rotation between the rotor and the pivot.
  • the thread 46 is a multi-start thread. Due to the angle of rotation of the damping mechanism, large pitch threads are used and multi-start threads are used to enhance the overall strength of the threads.
  • a specific structure for forming a liquid seal to the cavity 10 at a first axial end of the casing body 1 is that the shaft middle section 21 of the rotating shaft is sleeved with an elastic sealing ring 3
  • the seal ring is radially pressed by the shaft middle section 21 and the cavity 10 to seal each other on the axial sides of the seal ring 3.
  • the second axial end portion of the outer casing body 1 includes an open end 15 for opening the cavity to the outside of the outer casing body and a cover for closing the open end.
  • the end cap 6 of the cavity, the end wall 60 of the second axial end is formed by the end cap.
  • a blind hole 62 facing the cavity opening is formed on the end wall 60 around the central axis, and the second shaft segment 23 or the free end portion is inserted into the blind hole, and the two are formed.
  • the blind bore constitutes a rotary bearing for supporting the rotational movement of the second shaft segment and the entire shaft.
  • the circumferential drive mating relationship between the piston and the first shaft segment includes a drive neutral interval of 30-60 degrees.
  • the toilet lid is now about 95-120 degrees from the plane of the toilet.
  • the housing body 1 and the rotating shaft 2 are driven into a driving neutral section or stroke of a 35-70 degree angle (preferably 50 degrees), that is, the rotating shaft and the housing body start to rotate relative to each other by 35-70 degrees.
  • the two rotate relative to each other without transmitting torque around the central axis, so that the piston 4 is not connected to the shaft from the shaft extension of the shaft 2 and thus does not rotate relative to the casing body 1, and the piston does not generate the shaft. Displacement.
  • the inversion is repeated to cause relative rotation between the piston 4 and the outer casing body 1 through the shaft extension of the rotating shaft, and the engaging thread therebetween simultaneously causes the piston to be opposed to the outer casing body.
  • An axial displacement to the left (in the direction indicated by arrow A in the figure) is generated.
  • the axial bore portion 42 of the piston head 48 slides over the buffer section of the oil sump 24 along the shaft extension.
  • the one-way valve ring 5 has substantially no axial displacement due to the tight fit with the body 1, so that the one-way valve ring 5 is sealed with the piston head.
  • the oil sump 24 can smoothly communicate the first and second sub-chambers 13 and 14, the relative axial movement between the piston and the body when the liquid passes through the oil sump, that is, the relative rotation between the rotating shaft and the body, is generated. Lighter damping.
  • the toilet lid continues to flip down, with the axial bore portion 42 of the piston head continuing to slide to the left over the shaft extension, when the toilet lid is flipped over a certain angle (eg, 45-100 degrees), the axial direction shown
  • a certain angle eg, 45-100 degrees
  • the bore 42 exits the sump 24 and slides to a portion of the shaft extension that mates with its radial clearance
  • the liquid is forced into the second sub-chamber 14 through the radial gap from the first sub-chamber 13 through the radial gap. Therefore, the movement of the piston in the axial direction is continued to the left, that is, the continued downward tilting of the toilet lid produces a strong damping effect, the toilet lid can only slowly fall to the horizontal position, and the piston 4 also moves axially to the most Left position.
  • the oil sump opens at the free end portion of the shaft extension or the second shaft portion 23.
  • the oil sump can also be opened on the first shaft section 22 (not shown), so that the downward movement of the toilet lid causes the piston 4 to move axially away from the middle section of the shaft, and the upward movement causes the piston to move toward the middle of the shaft.
  • the action process and direction of the one-way valve are also opposite to the action process and direction shown in Figures 8-11.
  • first shaft segment and the second shaft segment can be replaced with each other along the central axis direction, so that the piston also needs to be rotated 180 degrees to pass through the sleeve to the shaft extension portion.
  • Such structural design can be considered as an equivalent replacement for the present invention.
  • another damper mechanism of the present invention is used for pivotally connecting a pivoting member to a fixed seat, including:
  • a body for attachment to one of the mount and the pivot member, the body defining a cavity having a central axis, the cavity including a threaded section having an internal thread around the central axis;
  • a piston the piston including a threaded section having an external thread around the central axis, the threaded section of the cavity and the threaded section of the piston forming a screw-fit relationship between the inner and outer threads, a piston slidable along the central axis on the shaft, the piston having a radial clearance fit or a flexible sealing fit between the axial bore and the shaft, thereby aligning the chamber along the central axis
  • the body is divided into a first sub-chamber and a second sub-chamber axially opposite to the first sub-chamber.
  • the invention is: charging the first sum
  • the liquid of the second sub-chamber is forced to flow from one of the sub-chambers through the gap between the piston 4 and the rotating shaft 2 and/or the gap between the inner and outer threads to the other sub-chamber, Thereby, a damping effect is exerted on the relative rotation between the rotating shaft and the body.
  • the rotating shaft has a radially outwardly extending and axially extending oil passage groove on the path segment in which the piston slides, and the depth or width of the oil passage groove is gradual.
  • another damper mechanism of the present invention is used for pivotally connecting a pivoting member to a fixing base, including:
  • the housing body defining a cavity having a central axis, the cavity including a threaded section having an internal thread around the central axis and a
  • the smooth section has a smooth section with one or more axial oil grooves 240 (similar to the aforementioned oil sump 24).
  • a piston comprising a threaded section having an external thread around the central axis and a piston head, the threaded section of the cavity and the threaded section of the piston forming a screw-fit fit between the inner and outer threads
  • the piston can slide along the central axis on the rotating shaft, and the piston head and the smooth portion of the cavity have a radial clearance fit or a flexible sealing fit between the regions other than the oil groove, the piston has a radial clearance fit or a flexible sealing fit between the axial bore segment and the rotating shaft, thereby separating the cavity into a first sub-chamber containing the threaded section of the cavity along the central axis direction And a second sub-chamber axially opposite to the first sub-chamber, wherein the liquid charged into the first and second sub-chambers is forced to be separated from one of the chambers while the piston is rotated along the rotating shaft while moving axially The chamber flows through the oil sump and/or the radial gap to the other sub-chamber,
  • the design cavity of the present invention is divided into a first sub-chamber and a second sub-chamber in the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the liquid charged into the first and second sub-chambers is forced from one of the sub-chambers according to the rotation of the rotating shaft Flowing to another sub-chamber, thereby damping the relative rotation between the rotating shaft and the housing body; the rotating shaft is on a path segment between the first sub-chamber and the second sub-chamber
  • the opening has a radially outwardly extending axially extending oil sump whose depth or width is gradual.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Toilet Supplies (AREA)

Description

一种阻尼结构 发明领域
本发明涉及一种阻尼机构，例如用于把一个例如马桶盖之类的枢转件枢转式连接到一个例如马桶座之类的固定座上。
背景技术
由于马桶盖下落击打马桶座的响声和关门时门对门框的冲击声，业界一直在不断开发小型适用的阻尼式结构，以达到静音的效果。虽市场上已有相关的阻尼装置，但其使用一段时间后，性能明显下降，寿命较短。
发明内容
为此，本发明提供一种使用寿命长的阻尼结构，用于把一个枢转件枢转式连接到一个固定座上，包括：
一用于连接到所述固定座和枢转件之一上的本体，该本体限定一个具有一中心轴线的腔体，腔体内包括一环绕所述中心轴线设有内螺纹的螺纹段和一光滑段；
一转轴，一端插进所述腔体内的，一端连接到所述固定座和枢转件之中的另一个上；和
一活塞，所述活塞包括一个环绕所述中心轴线制有外螺纹的螺纹段和一个活塞头，所述腔体的螺纹段和所述活塞的螺纹段构成内、外螺纹之间的旋接配合关系，所述活塞可沿所述中心轴线在所述转轴上滑动，所述活塞头与所述腔体的光滑段之间径向间隙配合或柔性密封配合，所述活塞有一个轴向孔段与所述转轴之间径向间隙配合或柔性密封配合，由此沿所述中心轴线方向把所述腔体分隔为一个容纳着所述腔体螺纹段的第一分腔室和一个与第一分腔室轴向相对的第二分腔室，在活塞随转轴转动而同时沿轴向移动时，充入第一和第二分腔室的液体受迫从其中一个分腔室通过所述活塞的轴向孔段与所述转轴之间的径向间隙和/或所述活塞头与所述腔体的光滑段之间的径向间隙向另一个分腔室流动，由此对所述转轴与所述本体之间的相对转动产生阻尼作用。所述转轴在所述活塞头滑动的路径段上开有一径向向外开口且轴向延伸的过油槽，所述过油槽的深度或宽度是渐变的。
本发明还提供另一种阻尼机构，用于把一个枢转件枢转式连接到一个固定座上，包括：
一用于连接到所述固定座和枢转件之一上的本体，该本体限定一个具有一中心轴线的腔体，腔体内包括一环绕所述中心轴线设有内螺纹的螺纹段；
一插进所述腔体内的转轴，用于连接到所述固定座和枢转件之中的另一个上；和
一活塞，所述活塞包括一个环绕所述中心轴线制有外螺纹的螺纹段，所述腔体的螺纹段和所述活塞的螺纹段构成内、外螺纹之间的旋接配合关系，所述活塞可沿所述中心轴线在所述转轴上滑动，所述活塞有一个轴向孔段与所述转轴之间径向间隙配合或柔性密封配合，由此沿所述中心轴线方向把所述腔体分隔为一个第一分腔室和一个与第一分腔室轴向相对的第二分腔室，在活塞随转轴转动而同时沿轴向移动时，充入第一和第二分腔室的液体受迫从其中一个分腔室通过所述活塞与所述转轴之间的间隙和/或所述内、外螺纹之间的间隙向另一个分腔室流动，由此对所述转轴与所述本体之间的相对转动产生阻尼作用。所述转轴在所述活塞头滑动的路径段上开有一个径向向外开口且轴向延伸的过油槽，所述过油槽的深度或宽度是渐变的。
本发明还提供又一种阻尼机构，用于把一个枢转件枢转式连接到一个固定座上，包括：
一用于连接到所述固定座和枢转件之一上的本体，该本体限定一个具有一中心轴线的腔体，腔体内包括一环绕所述中心轴线设有内螺纹的螺纹段和一光滑段，光滑段带有一条或多条轴向过油槽。
一插进所述腔体内的转轴，用于连接到所述固定座和枢转件之中的另一个上；和
一活塞，所述活塞包括一个环绕所述中心轴线制有外螺纹的螺纹段和一个活塞头，所述腔体的螺纹段和所述活塞的螺纹段构成内、外螺纹之间的旋接配合关系，所述活塞可沿所述中心轴线在所述转轴上滑动，所述活塞头与所述腔体光滑段除过油槽以外的区域之间径向间隙配合或柔性密封配合，所述活塞有一个轴向孔与所述转轴之间径向间隙配合或柔性密封配合，由此沿所述中心轴线方向把所述腔体分隔为一个容纳着所述腔体螺纹段的第一分腔室和一个与第一分腔室轴向相对的第二分腔室，在活塞随转轴转动而同时沿轴向移动时，充入第一和第二分腔室的液体受迫从其中一个分腔室通过所述过油槽和/或所述径向间隙向另一个分腔室流动，由此对所述转轴与所述本体之间的相对转动产生阻尼作用。
所述过油槽的深度或宽度是渐变的。
本发明的再一方案是： 一种阻尼机构，用于把一个枢转件枢转式连接到一个固定座上，包括：
一用于连接到所述固定座和枢转件之一上的本体，该本体具有一腔体；
一转轴，一端插进所述腔体内，另一端连接到所述固定座或枢转件上；
所述的腔体在转轴的轴向上被分割成第一分腔室和第二分腔室，充入第一和第二分腔室的液体随转轴的转动受迫从其中一个分腔室向另一个分腔室流动，由此对所述转轴与所述外壳本体之间的相对转动产生阻尼作用;
所述转轴在所述第一分腔室与第二分腔室之间路径段上开有一个径向向外开口且轴向延伸的过油槽，所述过油槽的深度或宽度是渐变的。
本方案针对柱塞式的阻尼机构，第一、第二分腔室的分隔可以通过活塞与腔体内壁的配合，或者通过转轴导向面与腔体的配合实现分隔通道截面大小的控制。
附图说明
图1是本发明的立体分解图；
图2是本发明外壳本体的立体图；
图3是本发明转轴的立体图；
图4和5是本发明活塞的立体图；
图6是本发明单向阀片的立体图；
图7是本发明端盖的立体图；
图8-11是用于说明本发明工作原理的剖视图；
图12和13是用于说明本发明工作原理的剖视立体图；
图14是本发明另一实施例的剖视图；
图15是本发明又一实施例的剖视图；
具体实施方式
本发明的一种阻尼机构，例如用于把一个枢转件（例如马桶盖，未示出）枢转式连接到一个固定座（例如马桶盖，未示出）上，包括：一个用于连接到所述固定座和枢转件之一上的外壳本体1，其连接装置例如就是外壳本体的连接孔12和连接孔座11，该外壳本体1限定一个具有一中心轴线的圆柱状腔体10（在未图示的其它实施例中可以是一个台阶式柱状腔体）并具有一个第一轴向端部（如图1和2所示外壳本体1的左端）和一个沿中心轴线方向与第一轴向端部轴向相对的第二轴向端部（如图1和2所示外壳本体1的右端），所述腔体10在第一轴向端部有一个第一轴向开口16（如图8-11所示），所述腔体10经该第一轴向开口16通到所述外壳本体1之外，第一轴向开口沿垂直于所述中心轴线方向的孔径小于所述腔体邻接所述第一轴向开口处的直径，所述第一轴向端部由此形成有一个径向内伸的孔肩17（图11）；第二轴向端部具有一个沿轴向方向封盖住所述腔体的端壁60（图11）。准确地说，外壳本体1是包括孔肩17在内的，也就是说，外壳本体1在第一轴向开口16之内限定的空间统称为腔体10。
尽管图示的端壁60与外壳本体1是分体式连接的，但是端壁与外壳本体也可以做成一体式的；尽管图示的孔肩17与外壳本体1是一体式的，但是孔肩与外壳本体也可以做成分体式连接的。其目的是有利于对本发明加工和安装。
如图1、3和8-11所示，本发明的阻尼式结构还包括：一个转轴2，该转轴具有一个从所述第一轴向开口16沿所述中心轴线方向伸进所述腔体10内的轴中段21，和一个沿相反方向向外壳本体1外从所述轴中段上一体式或分体式延伸的轴柄25，用于例如通过轴柄上的连接孔26和连接孔座27将所述转轴2连接到所述固定座和枢转件之中的另一个上；所述轴中段21和轴柄25的分界线就是第一轴向开口16。所述轴中段21与外壳本体1特别是其孔肩17相互径向支承配合成使所述转轴2相对于所述外壳本体1可绕所述中心轴线转动；所述转轴还包括一个从所述轴中段21沿所述中心轴线方向伸进所述腔体10的第一轴段22和一个从该第一轴段沿所述中心轴线方向继续前伸的第二轴段23，第一轴段22和第二轴段23合称为轴伸段，该轴伸段具有一个自由端部分（也就是第二轴段23），所述外壳本体1的第二轴向端部（图示右端）的端壁60上有容纳所述第二轴段23或自由端部分的沉孔，从而就可以与所述孔肩17一起支承和限制住所述转轴2相对于所述外壳本体1的轴向左、右位移量，如图所示。除了图示的结构之外，也可以单独利用所述轴中段和所述自由端部分其中之一与所述外壳本体（包括端壁60）之间设置成轴向相对限位，这种机械限位是不难做到的。
其中，所述腔体10还包括一个螺纹段18和一个光滑段19，所述转轴2的轴伸段（即第一轴段22加上第二轴段23）轴向穿套着一个活塞4，所述活塞沿所述中心轴线方向上包括一个环绕所述中心轴线制有外螺纹46的螺纹段47和一个活塞头48，所述腔体的螺纹段18和所述活塞的螺纹段47构成内、外螺纹之间的旋接配合关系，所述活塞头48与腔体的光滑段19之间沿轴向和周向构成相对滑动密封关系，例如所述活塞头48与腔体的光滑段19之间可以套夹一个安装到活塞头48上的柔性密封环或者活塞环，以此沿轴向和周向构成相对滑动密封关系；由此，活塞头48沿所述中心轴线方向把所述腔体10分隔为一个靠近轴中段方向的第一分腔室13和一个与第一分腔室轴向相对的第二分腔室14，所述活塞4与第一轴段22（甚至是第二轴段23或自由端部分，未示出）相互之间（例如通过键、销、键槽或轴向相互插合的齿组，如图1、3和4所示的第一轴段上的键29和活塞上的键或齿41）构成轴向自由滑动和周向驱动配合关系，所述第二轴段23或自由端部分同时与活塞头48之间构成径向间隙配合关系（例如通过活塞头上的轴向孔段42与第二轴段23之间的径向间隙配合，两者之间也可以同时有键和键槽配合，或其间套夹一个易变形的弹性套圈（未示出）），从而两者之间可以做相对的转动和轴向运动，从而在活塞4随转轴2转动而同时沿轴向移动时，充入第一和第二分腔室13和14中的液体受迫从其中一个分腔室，通过所述活塞头上的轴向孔段42与所述第二轴段23之间的径向间隙或者所述弹性套圈受挤压相对于第二轴段23挤出的径向间隙，向另一个分腔室流动，由此对所述转轴2与所述外壳本体1之间的相对转动产生阻尼作用。
尽管图示的是，所述轴向孔段42形成在所述活塞头48上而与轴伸段之间构成轴向自由滑动和径向间隙配合关系；但是，这样的轴向孔段也可以形成在活塞4的其余位置而同样与轴伸段之间构成轴向自由滑动和径向间隙配合关系（未示出）。
虽然如图所示的是：所述轴中段21与所述外壳本体特别是其孔肩17相互径向支承配合成使所述转轴2相对于所述外壳本体1可绕所述中心轴线转动。其实，转轴的转动也可以通过活塞4与该支承方式相配合或由该活塞单独支承到外壳本体1上。
如图所示，所述轴中段21是一个轴肩，该轴肩与孔肩17相互径向和轴向支承配合。但是，轴中段也可以是一个缩颈或者有一个环状槽，以此与外壳主体1特别是其孔肩或某种形式的凸肩之间达到轴向和/或径向相互支承配合（未示出）。
轴伸段的自由端部分也可以有一个缩颈或者环状槽或者轴肩，以此与外壳主体1特别是其端壁60之间达到轴向和/或径向相互支承配合（未示出）。
更好，在所述第二轴段23或自由端部分开有一个径向向外开口且轴向延伸的过油槽24，所述过油槽沿轴向方向上的长度明显大于活塞头上的轴向孔段42的轴向长度，从而在该活塞头上的轴向孔段42顺着第二轴段滑到过油槽上方时，第一和第二分腔室13和14就通过过油槽24液体连通。由此，液体对本体和转轴之间相对转动的阻尼大大减轻，甚至感觉不到阻尼的作用。如图所示，过油槽24开在所述第二轴段23或自由端部分接近其自由端面的轴段上；然而，过油槽24也可以开在所述第二轴段23或自由端部分远离其自由端面的轴段上，甚至是第一轴段22上。
过油槽24也可以是螺旋状的或其它曲线形的。
过油槽24的一端为横截面逐渐减小的缓冲段。由此可使机构从非阻尼阶段逐渐转变到阻尼阶段，机构运动更平稳。
在本实施例中在转轴的第二轴段23或自由端部分设有三个渐变的过油槽24，其渐变方式是深度恒定，在向自由端相反的方向过油槽侧壁241是渐渐变浅，这样当活塞头滑动到此段过油过油通道渐渐变小。
更好，在活塞头48上设有一个单向阀通路，当活塞头向过油槽24方向轴向移动时，第二分腔室与第一分腔室经该单向阀通路液体连通；这样，当活塞头48沿第二轴段向过油槽方向轴向移动时，活塞和活塞头可以全程一路滑行，几乎不受液体阻尼的作用。在活塞头沿远离过油槽方向轴向移动时，该单向阀通路闭合；这样，当活塞头48沿第二轴段轴向离开过油槽24时，活塞和活塞头相对于第二轴段的滑动就受到液体阻尼的作用。
所述单向阀通路具体结构包括：一个在活塞头48上制成的环状槽43，所述环状槽径向向外开口并向第二分腔室14开通；一个从环状槽43通往第一分腔室的解压孔道44；和一个套进所述环状槽43中的单向阀环5，所述单向阀环可在环状槽中轴向移动，并且可柔性或弹性顶靠着所述腔体的光滑段19沿轴向密封滑动，其中，在活塞头顺着第二轴段23向过油槽方向轴向移动时，所述单向阀环5在环状槽43中相对于活塞头向相反方向（图示向左）位移，第二分腔室14经单向阀环5与环状槽43之间相对位移而打开的轴向间隔（单向阀环5与环状槽43的侧面45之间的轴向间隔）以及经解压孔道44与第一分腔室13液体连通；在所述活塞头沿远离过油槽方向移动时，所述单向阀环在环状槽中相对于活塞头朝过油槽方向（图示向右）位移，则所述轴向间隔闭合（单向阀环5与环状槽43的侧面45之间的贴合密封），单向阀环就关闭第一和第二分腔室经解压孔道的液体通道。本段落所述的仅仅是一种优选的单向阀通路具体结构，尚有其他单向阀通路结构。本领域公知的许多单向阀通路结构也可以应用到本发明中。
更好，所述解压孔道44从环状槽43的径向底面径向向内穿过活塞头48而直接或间接连通第一分腔室，例如经过活塞4上除活塞头之外的部分而连通到第一分腔室13。
更好，所述活塞螺纹段47和腔体螺纹段18的螺纹配合，相对于整体阻尼机构，其公称直径大，抗拉强度也大。其目的在于把液体的阻尼作用更有效地传递给转子和枢座之间的相对转动。
更好，所述螺纹46是多头螺纹。因阻尼机构转动角度限制，使用大螺距螺纹，采用多头螺纹，以增强螺纹的总体强度。
在所述外壳本体1的第一轴向端部处（图示外壳本体左端）对所述腔体10形成液体密封的具体结构是，所述转轴的轴中段21套有一个弹性的密封环3，所述密封环受到所述轴中段21和所述腔体10的径向挤压而对密封环3的轴向两侧达成相互密封作用。
本发明为了加工和安装方便，更好，所述外壳本体1的第二轴向端部包括一个使所述腔体开通到外壳本体之外的开口端15和一个盖住该开口端而封闭住所述腔体的端盖6，所述第二轴向端部的端壁60就是由该端盖构成的。
更好，在所述端壁60上环绕所述中心轴线形成一个面向所述腔体开口的盲孔62，所述第二轴段23或自由端部分插入该盲孔中，两者之间构成轴向顶接和径向支承关系，所述盲孔构成一个旋转支座用于支承所述第二轴段以及整个转轴的旋转运动。
更好，所述活塞与第一轴段相互之间构成的周向驱动配合关系包括一个30-60度角的驱动空档区间。
下面解释本发明的工作原理；
如图8所示，在活塞头48靠近最右端位置附近，此时马桶盖处于距马桶平面约95-120度位置。向下翻转马桶盖，首先使外壳本体1和转轴2进入一个35-70度角（最好是50度角）的驱动空档区间或行程，即转轴和外壳本体开始相对转动35-70度角，两者之间相对转动而相互之间不传递环绕中心轴线方向的扭矩，因此活塞4从转轴2的轴伸段没有接到扭矩因而不相对于外壳本体1转动，活塞也就不会产生轴向位移。这样马桶盖从竖直方向下翻a（35-70度）度角时，一方面翻转自由省力；另一方面，该角区间的翻转还不会推进活塞4产生轴向位移，由此减小了本发明活塞轴向活动的空间和阻尼结构的轴向长度。
在马桶盖转过所述空档角a区间之后，继续翻转则会通过转轴的轴伸段使活塞4和外壳本体1之间产生相对转动，其间的啮合螺纹同时使活塞相对于外壳本体之间产生向左（图中箭头A所示的方向）的轴向位移。此时，活塞头48的轴向孔段42顺着轴伸段在过油槽24上方缓冲段滑过。同时单向阀环5由于与本体1紧配合基本无轴向位移，这样单向阀环5与活塞头密封。由于过油槽24可以顺利地沟通第一和第二分腔室13和14，液体通过过油槽时对活塞和本体之间的相对轴向移动，也就是转轴相对于本体之间的相对转动，产生较轻的阻尼作用。
然后，马桶盖继续向下翻转，随之活塞头的轴向孔段42继续向左滑过轴伸段，当马桶盖向下翻转超过一定角度（例如45-100度）时，所示轴向孔段42离开过油槽24而滑到与其径向间隙配合的轴伸段部分时，由于液体从第一分腔室13艰难或阻尼地通过所述径向间隙而挤入第二分腔室14，因此就对活塞沿轴向的继续移动即向左移动，也就是马桶盖的继续下翻产生强烈的阻尼作用，马桶盖只能缓慢落到水平位置，而活塞4也沿轴向移动到最左位置。
如图9-10所示，在马桶盖从水平位置向上翻时，活塞4转动并沿轴向向右移动，来自第二分腔室14的液体就会把单向阀环5从活塞头环状槽43的侧面45上沿轴向推开（活塞4沿轴向反向移动时则会使单向阀环贴紧环状槽43的侧面45），这样，液体从第二分腔室14流到所述环状槽43，再经解压孔道44畅顺地流进第一分腔室13，由此对活塞轴向向右的移动也就是对马桶盖的上翻运动几乎没有阻尼作用。当马桶盖上翻到a角时，由于所述空档区间或行程的存在，转轴继续转动，活塞4不轴向移动。这样马桶盖可以顺畅的上翻到竖直位置。
如图所示，过油槽开在轴伸段的自由端部分或第二轴段23。然而，过油槽也可以开在第一轴段22上（未示出），这样，马桶盖的下翻运动会使活塞4向远离轴中段的方向轴向移动，上翻运动则使活塞向轴中段向移动；当然，单向阀片的作用过程和方向与图8-11所示的作用过程和方向也是相反的。
值得一提的是，第一轴段和第二轴段沿所述中心轴线方向上可以相互取代，这样活塞也需调转180度角穿套到轴伸段上。这样的结构设计可视为本发明的等同替换。
如图14所示，本发明的另一种种阻尼式机构，用于把一个枢转件枢转式连接到一个固定座上，包括：
一用于连接到所述固定座和枢转件之一上的本体，该本体限定一个具有一中心轴线的腔体，腔体内包括一环绕所述中心轴线设有内螺纹的螺纹段；
一插进所述腔体内的转轴，用于连接到所述固定座和枢转件之中的另一个上；和
一活塞，所述活塞包括一个环绕所述中心轴线制有外螺纹的螺纹段，所述腔体的螺纹段和所述活塞的螺纹段构成内、外螺纹之间的旋接配合关系，所述活塞可沿所述中心轴线在所述转轴上滑动，所述活塞有一个轴向孔段与所述转轴之间径向间隙配合或柔性密封配合，由此沿所述中心轴线方向把所述腔体分隔为一个第一分腔室和一个与第一分腔室轴向相对的第二分腔室，在活塞随转轴转动而同时沿轴向移动时，其发明点在于：充入第一和第二分腔室的液体受迫从其中一个分腔室通过所述活塞4与所述转轴2之间的间隙和/或所述内、外螺纹之间的间隙向另一个分腔室流动，由此对所述转轴与所述本体之间的相对转动产生阻尼作用。
所述转轴在所述活塞滑动的路径段上开有一个径向向外开口且轴向延伸的过油槽，所述过油槽的深度或宽度是渐变的。
如图15所示，本发明的又一种阻尼式机构，用于把一个枢转件枢转式连接到一个固定座上，包括：
一用于连接到所述固定座和枢转件之一上的本体，该外壳本体限定一个具有一中心轴线的腔体，腔体内包括一环绕所述中心轴线设有内螺纹的螺纹段和一光滑段，光滑段带有一条或多条轴向过油槽240（类似于前述过油槽24）。
一插进所述腔体内的转轴，用于连接到所述固定座和枢转件之中的另一个上；和
一活塞，所述活塞包括一个环绕所述中心轴线制有外螺纹的螺纹段和一个活塞头，所述腔体的螺纹段和所述活塞的螺纹段构成内、外螺纹之间的旋接配合关系，所述活塞可沿所述中心轴线在所述转轴上滑动，所述活塞头与所述腔体光滑段除过油槽以外的区域之间径向间隙配合或柔性密封配合，所述活塞有一个轴向孔段与所述转轴之间径向间隙配合或柔性密封配合，由此沿所述中心轴线方向把所述腔体分隔为一个容纳着所述腔体螺纹段的第一分腔室和一个与第一分腔室轴向相对的第二分腔室，在活塞随转轴转动而同时沿轴向移动时，充入第一和第二分腔室的液体受迫从其中一个分腔室通过所述过油槽和/或所述径向间隙向另一个分腔室流动，由此对所述转轴与所述外壳本体之间的相对转动产生阻尼作用。所述过油槽的深度或宽度是渐变的。
工业实用性
本发明设计腔体在转轴的轴向上被分割成第一分腔室和第二分腔室，充入第一和第二分腔室的液体随转轴的转动受迫从其中一个分腔室向另一个分腔室流动，由此对所述转轴与所述外壳本体之间的相对转动产生阻尼作用;所述转轴在所述第一分腔室与第二分腔室之间路径段上开有一个径向向外开口且轴向延伸的过油槽，所述过油槽的深度或宽度是渐变的。当盖板快速下降时，突然停止过程中起缓冲作用，保护盖板及相关连接机构，提升盖板使用寿命，降低噪声。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种阻尼机构，用于把一个枢转件枢转式连接到一个固定座上，包括：
    一用于连接到所述固定座和枢转件之一上的本体，该本体具有一中心轴线的腔体，腔体内壁设有内螺纹的螺纹段和一光滑段；
    一转轴，一端插进所述腔体内，另一端连接到所述固定座或枢转件上；和
    一活塞，所述活塞包括一个环绕所述中心轴线制有外螺纹的螺纹段和一个活塞头，所述腔体的螺纹段和所述活塞的螺纹段构成内、外螺纹之间的旋接配合关系，所述活塞有一轴向孔，使活塞可沿所述转轴上滑动，所述活塞头与所述腔体的光滑段之间径向间隙配合或柔性密封配合，所述活塞有一个轴向孔段与所述转轴之间径向间隙配合或柔性密封配合，由此沿所述中心轴线方向把所述腔体分隔为一个容纳着所述腔体螺纹段的第一分腔室和一个与第一分腔室轴向相对的第二分腔室，在活塞随转轴转动而同时沿轴向移动时，充入第一和第二分腔室的液体受迫从其中一个分腔室通过所述活塞的轴向孔与所述转轴之间的径向间隙和/或所述活塞头与所述腔体的光滑段之间的径向间隙向另一个分腔室流动，由此对所述转轴与所述外壳本体之间的相对转动产生阻尼作用;
    所述转轴在所述活塞头滑动的路径段上开有一径向向外开口且轴向延伸的过油槽，所述过油槽的深度或宽度是渐变的。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的阻尼机构，其特征在于，所述转轴上有三个截面渐变的过油槽。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的阻尼机构，其特征在于，所述本体具有一第一轴向端部和一沿中心轴线方向与第一轴向端部轴向相对的第二轴向端部，所述腔体在第一轴向端部有一个沿所述中心轴线方向通到所述外壳本体之外的第一轴向开口；第二轴向端部具有一个沿轴向方向封盖住所述腔体的端盖；和
    所述转轴具有一个从所述第一轴向开口沿所述中心轴线方向伸进所述腔体内的轴中段和一个从所述轴中段沿所述中心轴线方向继续伸进所述腔体的轴伸段，该轴伸段具有一个自由端部分，所述轴中段和所述自由端部分两者之中至少之一与所述外壳本体之间设有至少一个轴向相对限位装置；及
    所述活塞可沿所述转轴的轴伸段滑动，所述轴向孔段形成在活塞头上且与所述轴伸段之间构成径向间隙配合关系。
  4. 如权利要求1-3任一项所述的阻尼机构，其特征在于，在所述轴伸段开有所述的过油槽，所述过油槽沿轴向方向上的长度明显大于所述轴向孔段的轴向长度，从而在该轴向孔段顺着所述轴伸段滑到过油槽上方时，第一和第二分腔室就通过过油槽液体连通。
  5. 如权利要求3或4所述的阻尼机构，其特征在于，在活塞头上设有一个单向阀通路，当活塞头向过油槽方向轴向移动时，第二分腔室与第一分腔室经该单向阀通路液体连通；在活塞头沿远离过油槽方向轴向移动时，该单向阀通路闭合。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的阻尼机构，其特征在于，所述单向阀通路包括：
    一个在活塞头上制成的环状槽，所述环状槽径向向外开口并向第二分腔室开通；
    一个从环状槽通往第一分腔室的解压孔道；和
    一个套进所述环状槽中的单向阀环，所述单向阀环可在环状槽中轴向移动，并且可顶靠着所述腔体的光滑段沿轴向密封滑动，
    其中，在活塞头向过油槽方向轴向移动时，所述单向阀环在环状槽中相对于活塞头向相反方向位移，第二分腔室经单向阀环与环状槽之间相对位移而打开的轴向间隔以及经解压孔道与第一分腔室液体连通；在所述活塞头沿远离过油槽方向移动时，所述单向阀环在环状槽中相对于活塞头朝过油槽方向位移，则所述轴向间隔闭合，单向阀环就关闭第一和第二分腔室经解压孔道的液体通道。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的阻尼机构，其特征在于，所述解压孔道从环状槽的径向底面径向向内穿过活塞头而连通到第一分腔室。
  8. 如权利要求1-7任一项所述的阻尼机构，其特征在于，所述活塞螺纹段和腔体螺纹段的螺纹是大螺距螺纹。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的阻尼机构，其特征在于，所述螺纹是多头螺纹。
  10. 如权利要求利要求3-9任一项所述的阻尼机构，其特征在于，在所述轴中段和所述腔体之间套有一个密封环。
  11. 如权利要求3-10任一项所述的阻尼机构，其特征在于，所述第二轴向端部包括一个使所述腔体开通到外壳本体之外的开口端和一个盖住该开口端而封闭住所述腔体的端盖，所述第二轴向端部的端壁是由该端盖构成的。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的阻尼机构，其特征在于，在所述端壁上环绕所述中心轴线形成一个面向所述腔体开口的盲孔，所述轴伸段的自由端部分插入该盲孔中，两者之间构成轴向顶接和径向支承关系，所述盲孔构成一个旋转支座用于支承所述轴伸段以及整个转轴的旋转运动。
  13. 如权利要求1-12任一项所述的阻尼机构，其特征在于，所述活塞与主轴段相互之间构成的周向驱动配合关系包括一个30-60度角的驱动空档区间。
  14. 一种阻尼式机构，用于把一个枢转件枢转式连接到一个固定座上，包括：
    一用于连接到所述固定座和枢转件之一上的本体，该本体限定一个具有一中心轴线的腔体，腔体内包括一环绕所述中心轴线设有内螺纹的螺纹段；
    一插进所述腔体内的转轴，用于连接到所述固定座和枢转件之中的另一个上；和
    一活塞，所述活塞包括一个环绕所述中心轴线制有外螺纹的螺纹段，所述腔体的螺纹段和所述活塞的螺纹段构成内、外螺纹之间的旋接配合关系，所述活塞可沿所述中心轴线在所述转轴上滑动，所述活塞有一个轴向孔段与所述转轴之间径向间隙配合或柔性密封配合，由此沿所述中心轴线方向把所述腔体分隔为一个第一分腔室和一个与第一分腔室轴向相对的第二分腔室，在活塞随转轴转动而同时沿轴向移动时，充入第一和第二分腔室的液体受迫从其中一个分腔室通过所述活塞与所述转轴之间的间隙和/或所述内、外螺纹之间的间隙向另一个分腔室流动，由此对所述转轴与所述外壳本体之间的相对转动产生阻尼作用;
    在所述转轴上在所述活塞头滑动的路径段开有一径向向外开口且轴向延伸的过油槽，所述过油槽的深度或宽度是渐变的。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的阻尼机构，其特征在于，所述转轴上有三个深度不同渐变的过油槽。
  16. 一种阻尼机构，用于把一个枢转件枢转式连接到一个固定座上，包括：
    一用于连接到所述固定座和枢转件之一上的本体，该本体限定一个具有一中心轴线的腔体，腔体内包括一环绕所述中心轴线设有内螺纹的螺纹段和一光滑段，光滑段带有一条或多条轴向过油槽;
    一插进所述腔体内的转轴，用于连接到所述固定座和枢转件之中的另一个上；和
    一活塞，所述活塞包括一个环绕所述中心轴线制有外螺纹的螺纹段和一个活塞头，所述腔体的螺纹段和所述活塞的螺纹段构成内、外螺纹之间的旋接配合关系，所述活塞可沿所述中心轴线在所述转轴上滑动，所述活塞头与所述腔体光滑段除过油槽以外的区域之间径向间隙配合或柔性密封配合，所述活塞有一个轴向孔段与所述转轴之间径向间隙配合或柔性密封配合，由此沿所述中心轴线方向把所述腔体分隔为一个容纳着所述腔体螺纹段的第一分腔室和一个与第一分腔室轴向相对的第二分腔室，在活塞随转轴转动而同时沿轴向移动时，充入第一和第二分腔室的液体受迫从其中一个分腔室通过所述过油槽和/或所述径向间隙向另一个分腔室流动，由此对所述转轴与所述外壳本体之间的相对转动产生阻尼作用。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的阻尼机构，其特征在于，所述腔体光滑段带有三条轴向深度不同渐变的过油槽。
  18. 一种阻尼机构，用于把一个枢转件枢转式连接到一个固定座上，包括：
    一用于连接到所述固定座和枢转件之一上的本体，该本体具有一腔体；
    一转轴，一端插进所述腔体内，另一端连接到所述固定座或枢转件上；
    所述的腔体在转轴的轴向上被分割成第一分腔室和第二分腔室，充入第一和第二分腔室的液体随转轴的转动受迫从其中一个分腔室向另一个分腔室流动，由此对所述转轴与所述外壳本体之间的相对转动产生阻尼作用;
    所述转轴在所述第一分腔室与第二分腔室之间路径段上开有一径向向外开口且轴向延伸的过油槽，所述过油槽的深度或宽度是渐变的。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的阻尼机构，其特征在于所述的腔体是具有一中心轴线的腔体，并且所述的腔体内壁设有内螺纹的螺纹段和一光滑段；
    一活塞，所述活塞包括一个环绕所述中心轴线制有外螺纹的螺纹段和一个活塞头，所述腔体的螺纹段和所述活塞的螺纹段构成内、外螺纹之间的旋接配合关系，所述活塞有一轴向孔，使活塞可沿所述转轴上滑动，所述活塞头与所述腔体的光滑段之间径向间隙配合或柔性密封配合，所述活塞有一个轴向孔段与所述转轴之间径向间隙配合或柔性密封配合，由此沿所述中心轴线方向把所述腔体分隔为一个容纳着所述腔体螺纹段的第一分腔室和一个与第一分腔室轴向相对的第二分腔室，在活塞随转轴转动而同时沿轴向移动时，充入第一和第二分腔室的液体受迫从其中一个分腔室通过所述活塞的轴向孔与所述转轴之间的径向间隙和/或所述活塞头与所述腔体的光滑段之间的径向间隙向另一个分腔室流动，由此对所述转轴与所述外壳本体之间的相对转动产生阻尼作用;
    所述转轴在所述活塞头滑动的路径段上开有一径向向外开口且轴向延伸的过油槽，所述过油槽的深度或宽度是渐变的。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的阻尼机构，其特征在于，所述转轴上有三个截面渐变的过油槽。
  21. 如权利要求18或19所述的阻尼机构，其特征在于，所述本体具有一第一轴向端部和一沿中心轴线方向与第一轴向端部轴向相对的第二轴向端部，所述腔体在第一轴向端部有一个沿所述中心轴线方向通到所述外壳本体之外的第一轴向开口；第二轴向端部具有一个沿轴向方向封盖住所述腔体的端盖；和
    所述转轴具有一个从所述第一轴向开口沿所述中心轴线方向伸进所述腔体内的轴中段和一个从所述轴中段沿所述中心轴线方向继续伸进所述腔体的轴伸段，该轴伸段具有一个自由端部分，所述轴中段和所述自由端部分两者之中至少之一与所述外壳本体之间设有至少一个轴向相对限位装置；及
    所述活塞可沿所述转轴的轴伸段滑动，所述轴向孔段形成在活塞头上且与所述轴伸段之间构成径向间隙配合关系。
  22. 如权利要求19-21任一项所述的阻尼机构，其特征在于，在所述轴伸段开有所述的过油槽，所述过油槽沿轴向方向上的长度明显大于所述轴向孔段的轴向长度，从而在该轴向孔段顺着所述轴伸段滑到过油槽上方时，第一和第二分腔室就通过过油槽液体连通。
  23. 如权利要求21或22所述的阻尼机构，其特征在于，在活塞头上设有一个单向阀通路，当活塞头向过油槽方向轴向移动时，第二分腔室与第一分腔室经该单向阀通路液体连通；在活塞头沿远离过油槽方向轴向移动时，该单向阀通路闭合。
  24. 如权利要求23所述的阻尼机构，其特征在于，所述单向阀通路包括：
    一个在活塞头上制成的环状槽，所述环状槽径向向外开口并向第二分腔室开通；
    一个从环状槽通往第一分腔室的解压孔道；和
    一个套进所述环状槽中的单向阀环，所述单向阀环可在环状槽中轴向移动，并且可顶靠着所述腔体的光滑段沿轴向密封滑动，
    其中，在活塞头向过油槽方向轴向移动时，所述单向阀环在环状槽中相对于活塞头向相反方向位移，第二分腔室经单向阀环与环状槽之间相对位移而打开的轴向间隔以及经解压孔道与第一分腔室液体连通；在所述活塞头沿远离过油槽方向移动时，所述单向阀环在环状槽中相对于活塞头朝过油槽方向位移，则所述轴向间隔闭合，单向阀环就关闭第一和第二分腔室经解压孔道的液体通道。
  25. 如权利要求24所述的阻尼机构，其特征在于，所述解压孔道从环状槽的径向底面径向向内穿过活塞头而连通到第一分腔室。
  26. 如权利要求24所述的阻尼机构，其特征在于，所述单向阀为一V字型的密封环，其V字开口朝向转轴的轴伸段。
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