WO2012088709A1 - 一种智能在线闭环抽油机平衡调节系统 - Google Patents

一种智能在线闭环抽油机平衡调节系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012088709A1
WO2012088709A1 PCT/CN2010/080587 CN2010080587W WO2012088709A1 WO 2012088709 A1 WO2012088709 A1 WO 2012088709A1 CN 2010080587 W CN2010080587 W CN 2010080587W WO 2012088709 A1 WO2012088709 A1 WO 2012088709A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
displacement
pumping unit
motor
connecting rod
hinge
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2010/080587
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵敏
邢连鲜
Original Assignee
西安宝德自动化股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 西安宝德自动化股份有限公司 filed Critical 西安宝德自动化股份有限公司
Priority to US13/377,759 priority Critical patent/US9011108B2/en
Priority to CA2767980A priority patent/CA2767980C/en
Publication of WO2012088709A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012088709A1/zh

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/12Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
    • E21B43/121Lifting well fluids
    • E21B43/126Adaptations of down-hole pump systems powered by drives outside the borehole, e.g. by a rotary or oscillating drive
    • E21B43/127Adaptations of walking-beam pump systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B47/00Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps
    • F04B47/02Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps the driving mechanisms being situated at ground level
    • F04B47/022Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps the driving mechanisms being situated at ground level driving of the walking beam

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the structure and control of a pumping unit automatic balance adjusting system, in particular to a smart online closed loop pumping unit balance adjusting system.
  • Pumping units are the most common ground equipment for oil field production equipment.
  • the pumping unit realizes pumping by controlling the up and down movement of the hoe on the beam.
  • the balance between the counterweight and the hoe is controlled. If there is an imbalance, the energy of the drag motor that drags the beam will be depleted. In severe cases, it will cause the hoe to lose control.
  • the balance of the pumping unit is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of counterweights under the pumping unit. This method will bring the following disadvantages: 1. The weight is easy to be lost; 2. The weight needs manual handling and labor intensity; 3. The weight adjustment is not accurate; 4. The shutdown adjustment is required.
  • the present invention provides an intelligent online closed loop pumping unit balance adjustment system.
  • the automatic adjustment of the counterweight under non-stop conditions enables accurate adjustment of the counterweight accuracy of ⁇ 10%.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is:
  • the present invention is an intelligent online closed-loop pumping unit balance adjustment system, which is special in that: the system includes a connecting rod, a counterweight, a transmission, a weight displacement adjustment motor, and is used for driving a control device for adjusting and controlling the weight displacement of the motor, wherein the transmission device and the weight displacement adjusting motor are disposed above the beam, and the weight displacement adjusting motor is connected to one end of the connecting rod through a transmission device, and the connecting rod is further connected One end is connected to the counterweight, and one end of the beam facing away from the hoe is connected with the middle of the connecting rod.
  • the system further includes a first coupling, a second coupling, and a support and thrust bearing, wherein the weight displacement adjusting motor is sequentially connected to the transmission through the first coupling, the support and the thrust bearing and the second coupling .
  • the above system further includes a hinge bottom plate and a hinge bracket, the weight displacement adjusting motor and the support And the thrust bearing is disposed on the hinge bottom plate, the hinge bracket is disposed above the beam, and the hinge bottom plate is hinged to the hinge bracket by the second hinge.
  • the transmission device is a screw drive device, and the screw drive device includes a lead screw and a nut.
  • the support and the thrust bearing are connected to one end of the connecting rod through the second coupling, the lead screw and the nut.
  • the silk nut and the connecting rod are hinged by a first hinge.
  • One end of the beam facing away from the hoe is hinged to the middle of the link by a third hinge.
  • the above control means includes a current detector for detecting the current of the drag motor and a displacement adjusting motor controller for controlling the weight displacement adjusting motor, the current detector being coupled to the displacement adjusting motor controller.
  • the control device further includes an angular displacement sensor for detecting the position of the hoe and the direction of operation, the angular displacement sensor being disposed at a junction of the beam and the beam bracket, the angular displacement sensor being coupled to the displacement adjustment motor controller.
  • the control device further includes a controller, the angular displacement sensor being coupled by the controller and the displacement adjustment motor controller.
  • the above displacement adjustment motor controller is a single chip microcomputer.
  • the above controller is a single chip microcomputer.
  • the invention can be newly built or modified for the traditional beam pumping unit.
  • the weight displacement adjustment motor, reducer, coupling, support and thrust bearing, screw and nut are the linkage mechanism of the invention, and the operation is stable and reliable.
  • the system adjustment is simple and reliable:
  • the mathematical model adjusted by the system of the invention is very simple, and the optimal working point can be obtained by using the formula to approximate the cycle.
  • the adjustment process of the invention is automatically adjusted by the motor, and no manual intervention is required, thereby eliminating manual labor.
  • the invention reduces the dimension by automatic online adjustment without human intervention The number and intensity of workers.
  • the invention can ensure that the pumping unit operates under balanced conditions, and the electric motor has the lowest energy consumption.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a specific application embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a control device in a specific application embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 one weight displacement adjustment motor, 21 first coupling, 22 second coupling, 3 - support and thrust bearing, 4 lead screw, 5 thread mother, 61 - first hinge, 62 - second hinge, 63 - third hinge, 64 - fourth hinge, 7 link, 8 counterweight, 9 hinged bottom plate, 10 - hinge bracket, 11 hoe, 12 - angular displacement sensor, 13 beam, 14 drag motor, 15 - Beam bracket,
  • the structure includes a weight displacement adjusting motor 1, a first coupling 21, a second coupling 22, a support and a thrust bearing 3, a connecting rod 7, and a matching Weight 8, hinge bottom plate 9, hinge bracket 10, transmission device and control device for adjusting and controlling the weight displacement of the driving motor, the weight displacement adjusting motor 1 sequentially passes through the first coupling 21, the support and the thrust bearing 3 and The second coupling 22 is coupled to the transmission.
  • the transmission device is connected to one end of the connecting rod 7, and the other end of the connecting rod 7 is connected with the counterweight 8.
  • the end of the beam 13 facing away from the boring head 11 is hingedly connected with the middle portion of the connecting rod 7 through the third hinge 63.
  • the screw drive device comprises a lead screw 4 and a nut 5, and the support and thrust bearing 3 are connected to one end of the connecting rod 7 through the second coupling 22, the lead screw 4 and the nut 5, the nut 5 And the connecting rod 7 is hinged by the first hinge 61.
  • the nut 5 is disposed in a hollow connecting rod 19, and the nut 5 is welded in the hollow connecting rod 19, the hollow connecting One end of the rod 19 facing away from the nut is hinged with the connecting rod 7 through the first hinge 61, and the weight displacement adjusting motor 1 and the supporting and thrust bearing 3 are disposed on the hinge bottom plate 9, and the hinge bracket 10 is disposed above the beam 13, the hinge bottom plate 9
  • the hinge bracket 10 is hinged by a second hinge 62.
  • the control device includes a current detector 16 for detecting the current of the drag motor 14 and a counterweight
  • a displacement adjustment motor controller 17 that controls the displacement adjustment motor is connected to the displacement adjustment motor controller 17.
  • the control device further includes an angular displacement sensor 12 and a controller 18 that detect the position of the ram 11 and the direction of operation, the angular displacement sensor 12 is disposed at the junction of the beam 13 and the beam bracket 15, and the angular displacement sensor 12 passes through the controller 18. It is connected to the displacement adjustment motor controller 17.
  • the displacement adjustment motor controller 17 is a single chip microcomputer, the controller 18 is a single chip microcomputer, and the current detector 16 has various current detecting devices.
  • the angular displacement sensor 12 is an existing variety of sensors capable of realizing angular displacement measurement.
  • the current output of the drag motor 14 is detected by the current detector 16.
  • the lifting and lowering power of the electric motor 14 are not equal, when the head 11 is When the weight is too heavy, the lifting power is less than the lowering power.
  • the displacement adjusting motor controller 17 controls the steering of the weight shifting motor 1 according to the principle, and the weight 8 is
  • the arm length of the fourth hinge 64 (the hinge between the beam 13 and the beam bracket 15) is increased or decreased, and the weight displacement adjusting motor 1 rotates through the speed reducer, the first coupling 21, the support, and The thrust bearing 3, the second coupling 22, the lead screw 4, the nut 5, and the first hinge 6 push the connecting rod 7 to move left and right, and adjust the length of the arm 8 relative to the arm length of the fourth hinge 64, thereby adjusting the pumping
  • the controller 18 can also assist in adjusting the balance between the pump head 11 and the counterweight 8 by the angular displacement sensor 13 detecting the position of the hammer 11 and the direction of operation.

Description

一种智能在线闭环抽油机平衡调节系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种抽油机自动平衡调节系统的结构及控制, 尤其是一种智 能在线闭环抽油机平衡调节系统。
背景技术
抽油机是油田采油设备最常见的地面设备。 抽油机通过控制游梁上的驴 头上下运动来实现抽油, 抽油过程中要控制配重与驴头之间的平衡, 如果出 现失衡, 会耗损拖动游梁的拖动电机的能量, 严重时还会导致驴头失去控制 目前均采用在抽油机下偏平衡体增加或者减少配重块数量的方法来调节 抽油机的平衡。 该方法会带来如下的缺点: 1、 配重块易丢失; 2、 配重块需 要人工搬运劳动强度大; 3、 配重调节不精确; 4、 需要停机调节。
目前还没有行之有效的办法来方便、 自动的实现调平衡。
发明内容
为解决背景技术中存在的上述技术问题, 本发明提供了一种智能在线闭 环抽油机平衡调节系统。 实现在不停机条件下的配重自动调节, 使配重精度 在 ± 10%的精确调节。
本发明的技术解决方案是: 本发明为一种智能在线闭环抽油机平衡调节 系统, 其特殊之处在于: 该系统包括连杆、 配重、 传动装置、 配重位移调节 电动机和用于驱动电动机对配重位移进行调节控制的控制装置, 所述传动装 置、 配重位移调节电动机设置在游梁上方, 所述配重位移调节电动机通过传 动装置与连杆的一端连接, 所述连杆另一端与配重连接, 所述游梁背离驴头 的一端与连杆中部连接。
上述系统还包括第一联轴节、 第二联轴节和支撑及推力轴承, 所述配重 位移调节电动机依次通过第一联轴节、 支撑及推力轴承和第二联轴节与传动 装置连接。
上述系统还包括铰链底板和铰链支架, 所述配重位移调节电动机和支撑 及推力轴承设置在铰链底板上, 所述铰链支架设置在游梁上方, 所述铰链底 板通过第二铰链与铰链支架铰接。
上述传动装置为丝杠传动装置, 所述丝杠传动装置包括丝杠和丝母, 所 述支撑及推力轴承通过第二联轴节、 丝杠和丝母与连杆的一端连接。
上述丝母与连杆通过第一铰链铰接。
上述游梁背离驴头的一端与连杆中部通过第三铰链铰接。
上述控制装置包括用于检测拖动电动机的电流的电流检测器和可对配重 位移调节电动机进行控制的位移调节电动机控制器, 所述电流检测器与位移 调节电动机控制器连接。
上述控制装置还包括检测驴头的位置及运行的方向的角位移传感器, 所 述角位移传感器设置在游梁和游梁支架的连接处, 所述角位移传感器和位移 调节电动机控制器连接。
上述控制装置还包括控制器, 所述角位移传感器通过控制器和位移调节 电动机控制器连接。
上述位移调节电动机控制器为单片机。
上述控制器为单片机。
本发明具有以下优点:
1、 结构简单: 本发明可以新造也可对传统游梁式抽油机进行改造。
2、 使用可靠: 本发明的配重位移调节电动机、 减速机、 联轴节、 支撑及 推力轴承、 丝杠、 丝母为连杆机构, 运行稳定可靠。
3、 系统调节简单可靠: 本发明系统调节的数学模型非常简单可用公式循 环逼近即可得到最佳工作点。
4、 在线实时调节: 本发明的调节过程为在线实时调节, 不用停机提高作 业效率。
5、减轻劳动强度: 本发明的调节过程由电动机自动调节, 不用人为干预, 消除了人工劳动。
6、 降低运营成本。 本发明由于自动在线调节, 不用人为干预, 减少了维 护工人的数量及强度。
7、 降低了能量消耗。 本发明可保证抽油机在平衡的条件下工作, 电动机 的能耗最低。
附图说明
图 1为本发明具体应用实施例的结构示意图;
图 2为本发明具体应用实施例中的控制装置的原理框图。
1一配重位移调节电动机、 21 第一联轴节、 22 第二联轴节、 3—支撑 及推力轴承、 4 丝杠、 5 丝母、 61—第一铰链、 62—第二铰链、 63—第三 铰链、 64—第四铰链、 7 连杆、 8 配重、 9一铰链底板、 10—铰链支架、 11 驴头、 12—角位移传感器、 13 游梁、 14 拖动电动机、 15—游梁支架、
16 电流检测器、 17—位移调节电动机控制器、 18—控制器、 19一中空的连 杆。
具体实施方式
参见图 1、 2, 本发明的具体应用实施例中, 其结构包括配重位移调节电 动机 1、第一联轴节 21、第二联轴节 22、 支撑及推力轴承 3、连杆 7、 配重 8、 铰链底板 9、 铰链支架 10、 传动装置和用于驱动电动机对配重位移进行调节 控制的控制装置, 配重位移调节电动机 1依次通过第一联轴节 21、 支撑及推 力轴承 3和第二联轴节 22与传动装置连接。 传动装置与连杆 7的一端连接, 连杆 7另一端与配重 8连接, 游梁 13背离驴头 11的一端与连杆 7中部通过 第三铰链 63铰接连接, 本实施例中的传动装置为丝杠传动装置, 丝杠传动装 置包括丝杠 4和丝母 5, 支撑及推力轴承 3通过第二联轴节 22、 丝杠 4和丝 母 5与连杆 7的一端连接, 丝母 5与连杆 7通过第一铰链 61铰接, 在本发明 的具体实施例中, 丝母 5是设置在一中空的连杆 19中, 丝母 5焊接在中空的 连杆 19中,该中空的连杆 19背离丝母的一端与连杆 7通过第一铰链 61铰接, 配重位移调节电动机 1和支撑及推力轴承 3设置在铰链底板 9上, 铰链支架 10设置在游梁 13上方, 铰链底板 9通过第二铰链 62与铰链支架 10铰接。
控制装置包括用于检测拖动电动机 14的电流的电流检测器 16和可配重 对位移调节电动机进行控制的位移调节电动机控制器 17,电流检测器 16与位 移调节电动机控制器 17连接。 控制装置还包括检测驴头 11 的位置及运行的 方向的角位移传感器 12和控制器 18,角位移传感器 12设置在游梁 13和游梁 支架 15的连接处, 角位移传感器 12通过控制器 18和位移调节电动机控制器 17连接。 位移调节电动机控制器 17为单片机, 控制器 18为单片机, 电流检 测器 16现有的各种电流检测装置, 角位移传感器 12为现有的各种可实现角 位移测量的传感器。
本发明工作时, 通过电流检测器 16检测拖动电动机 14的电流输出大小, 当配重 8与驴头 11不平衡时, 拖动电动 14机的提升与下放功率不相等, 当 驴头 11方过重时, 提升功率小于下放功率, 反之当驴头 11方过轻时, 提升 功率小于下放功率, 位移调节电动机控制器 17根据此原理控制配重位移调电 动机 1的转向, 将配重 8与第四铰链 64 (游梁 13与游梁支架 15之间的铰链) 间调节的臂长增大或减小, 配重位移调节电动机 1 旋转时通过减速机、 第一 联轴节 21、 支撑及推力轴承 3、 第二联轴节 22、 丝杠 4、 丝母 5、 第一铰链 6 推动连杆 7向左右移动, 调节配重 8相对第四铰链 64间臂长的大小, 从而调 节了抽油机驴头 11与配重 8间的平衡。
当上升及下降的功率满足以下公式系统停止调节:
Pu=PD( l+PE) ( 1 )
― 10%^PE= (PU-PD)/( PU+Pd) +10%。 (2 )
公式中:
Pu:驴头上升时电动机的输出功率
PD: 驴头下降时电动机的输出功率
PE:驴头上升与下降的电动机输出功率差
当上升及下降的电流满足以下公式系统停止调节:
Figure imgf000006_0001
― 10% IE= (Iu-ID)/( Iu+ID) +10%。 (4 )
公式中: Iu:驴头上升时电动机的电流
ID: 驴头下降时电动机的电流
IE:驴头上升与下降的电动机电流差
控制器 18还可通过角位移传感器 13检测器驴头 11的位置及运行的方向, 来辅助调节抽油机驴头 11与配重 8间的平衡。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种智能在线闭环抽油机平衡调节系统, 其特征在于: 该系统包括连 杆、 配重、 传动装置、 配重位移调节电动机和用于驱动电动机对配重位移进 行调节控制的控制装置, 所述传动装置、 配重位移调节电动机设置在游梁上 方, 所述配重位移调节电动机通过传动装置与连杆的一端连接, 所述连杆另 一端与配重连接, 所述游梁背离驴头的一端与连杆中部连接。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的智能在线闭环抽油机平衡调节系统, 其特征在 于: 所述系统还包括第一联轴节、 第二联轴节和支撑及推力轴承, 所述配重 位移调节电动机依次通过第一联轴节、 支撑及推力轴承和第二联轴节与传动 装置连接。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的智能在线闭环抽油机平衡调节系统, 其特征在 于: 所述系统还包括铰链底板和铰链支架, 所述配重位移调节电动机和支撑 及推力轴承设置在铰链底板上, 所述铰链支架设置在游梁上方, 所述铰链底 板通过第二铰链与铰链支架铰接。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的智能在线闭环抽油机平衡调节系统, 其特征在 于: 所述传动装置为丝杠传动装置, 所述丝杠传动装置包括丝杠和丝母, 所 述支撑及推力轴承通过第二联轴节、 丝杠和丝母与连杆的一端连接。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的智能在线闭环抽油机平衡调节系统, 其特征在 于: 所述丝母与连杆通过第一铰链铰接。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的智能在线闭环抽油机平衡调节系统, 其特征在 于: 所述游梁背离驴头的一端与连杆中部通过第三铰链铰接。
7、 根据权利要求 1或 2或 3或 4或 5或 6所述的智能在线闭环抽油机平 衡调节系统, 其特征在于: 所述控制装置包括用于检测拖动电动机的电流的 电流检测器和可对配重位移调节电动机进行控制的位移调节电动机控制器, 所述电流检测器与位移调节电动机控制器连接。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的智能在线闭环抽油机平衡调节系统, 其特征在 于: 所述控制装置还包括检测驴头的位置及运行的方向的角位移传感器, 所 述角位移传感器设置在游梁和游梁支架的连接处, 所述角位移传感器和位移 调节电动机控制器连接。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的智能在线闭环抽油机平衡调节系统, 其特征在 于: 所述控制装置还包括控制器, 所述角位移传感器通过控制器和位移调节 电动机控制器连接。
10、 根据权利要求 8所述的智能在线闭环抽油机平衡调节系统, 其特征 在于: 所述位移调节电动机控制器为单片机, 所述控制器为单片机。
PCT/CN2010/080587 2010-12-29 2010-12-31 一种智能在线闭环抽油机平衡调节系统 WO2012088709A1 (zh)

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