WO2012081476A1 - 蒸着装置、蒸着方法、並びに、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス表示装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
蒸着装置、蒸着方法、並びに、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス表示装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
- C23C14/243—Crucibles for source material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
- C23C14/246—Replenishment of source material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/56—Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating; Arrangements for maintaining the vacuum, e.g. vacuum locks
- C23C14/568—Transferring the substrates through a series of coating stations
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- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
- H10K71/16—Deposition of organic active material using physical vapour deposition [PVD], e.g. vacuum deposition or sputtering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/60—Forming conductive regions or layers, e.g. electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
- H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vapor deposition apparatus using a vacuum vapor deposition method, a vapor deposition method, and a method for manufacturing an organic electroluminescence display device using the vapor deposition apparatus and the vapor deposition method.
- flat panel displays have been used in various products and fields, and further flat panel displays are required to have larger sizes, higher image quality, and lower power consumption.
- an organic EL display device including an organic EL element using electroluminescence (hereinafter referred to as “EL”) of an organic material is an all-solid-state type, low voltage driving, high-speed response, As a flat panel display excellent in terms of self-luminous property and the like, it is attracting a great deal of attention.
- the organic EL display device has, for example, a configuration in which an organic EL element connected to a TFT is provided on a substrate made of a glass substrate or the like provided with a TFT (thin film transistor).
- the organic EL element is a light emitting element that can emit light with high luminance by low-voltage direct current drive, and has a structure in which a first electrode, an organic EL layer, and a second electrode are stacked in this order. Of these, the first electrode is connected to the TFT. In addition, between the first electrode and the second electrode, as the organic EL layer, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, a light emitting layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer The organic layer which laminated
- organic EL elements including light emitting layers of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) are arranged and formed on a substrate as sub-pixels. A color image is displayed by selectively emitting light from these organic EL elements with a desired luminance using TFTs.
- an organic EL display device In order to manufacture an organic EL display device, it is necessary to form a light emitting layer made of an organic light emitting material that emits light of each color in a predetermined pattern for each organic EL element. In addition, for a layer that does not require pattern formation for each organic EL element, a thin film is collectively formed on the entire pixel region constituted by the organic EL element.
- a vacuum deposition method for example, a vacuum deposition method, an ink jet method, and a laser transfer method are known.
- a vacuum deposition method is often used (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- a mask also referred to as a deposition mask or a shadow mask in which openings having a predetermined pattern are formed is used.
- the deposition surface of the substrate to which the mask is closely fixed is opposed to the deposition source.
- vapor deposition particles (film forming material) from the vapor deposition source are vapor deposited on the vapor deposition surface through the opening of the mask, thereby forming a thin film having a predetermined pattern.
- Vapor deposition is performed for each color of the light emitting layer (this is called “separate vapor deposition”).
- FIG. 13 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of a conventional vapor deposition apparatus 250
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a vapor deposition source unit 290 of the vapor deposition apparatus 250.
- the vapor deposition apparatus 250 is an apparatus that is disposed in a vacuum chamber and performs film deposition on the deposition target substrate 260, and includes a shadow mask 280 and a vapor deposition source unit 290.
- the evaporation source unit 290 includes an evaporation source 291 and an evaporation source crucible 293, and the evaporation source 291 and the evaporation source crucible 293 are fixed to a support base (not shown).
- the vapor deposition source 291 has a plurality of ejection ports (nozzles) 292 that eject vapor deposition particles, and the ejection ports 292 are arranged in a row as shown in FIG.
- the deposition source crucible 293 stores a solid or liquid deposition material.
- the vapor deposition material is heated inside the vapor deposition source crucible 293 to become gaseous vapor deposition particles, and is supplied (introduced) to the vapor deposition source 291 through the pipe 294.
- the pipe 294 is connected to one end (supply side end) of the row of the injection ports 292 of the vapor deposition source 291, and the vapor deposition particles supplied to the vapor deposition source 291 are emitted from the injection port 292. . Note that the pipe 294 is heated to a temperature at which vapor deposition particles do not adhere.
- the vapor deposition surface of the deposition target substrate 260 and the vapor deposition source 291 are arranged to face each other.
- a shadow mask 280 having an opening corresponding to the pattern of the vapor deposition region is closely fixed to the vapor deposition surface of the deposition target substrate 260 so that the vapor deposition particles do not adhere to a region other than the target vapor deposition region.
- the deposition target substrate 260 and the shadow mask 280 are relatively moved (scanned) with respect to the vapor deposition source 291 while vapor deposition particles are ejected from the ejection port 292. Thereby, a predetermined pattern is formed on the deposition target substrate 260.
- Japanese Patent Publication Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-227276 (published on September 3, 1996)” Japanese Patent Publication “JP 2000-188179 A (published July 4, 2000)”
- the conventional technique as described above has a problem that the film thickness distribution of the deposited film becomes non-uniform.
- FIG. 15 is a graph showing the relationship between the position on the film formation substrate 260 along the arrangement direction of the injection ports 292 and the distribution (thickness) of vapor deposition particles.
- a position facing the supply side end of the vapor deposition source 291 is A
- a position facing the end opposite to the supply side end of the vapor deposition source 291 is B.
- the amount of vapor deposition particles injected from each injection port 292 differs. Specifically, since the vapor deposition particles are sequentially ejected from the injection port 292 near the supply side end, the density of the vapor deposition particles decreases as the distance from the supply side end increases, and a pressure difference is generated inside the vapor deposition source 291. Therefore, the larger the distance from the supply side end of the vapor deposition source 291, the smaller the injection amount of vapor deposition particles from the injection port 292. Accordingly, as shown in FIG.
- the amount of vapor deposition particles depends on the position in the substrate surface for the vapor deposition film on the deposition target substrate 260 constituted by the synthesis of vapor deposition particles emitted from various injection ports 292. Will be different. For this reason, nonuniformity of the film thickness distribution occurs in the substrate surface.
- the light emission characteristics of organic EL elements are extremely sensitive to the film thickness of the deposited organic film, and the difference in film thickness of the organic film within the screen of the organic EL display device results in uneven display and uneven life characteristics. Connect directly. Therefore, it is desirable to deposit the light emitting layer of the organic EL element as uniformly as possible.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a vapor deposition apparatus and a vapor deposition method capable of depositing vapor deposition particles with a uniform film thickness on a deposition target substrate.
- a vapor deposition apparatus is a vapor deposition apparatus that forms a film on a deposition target substrate, and has a plurality of injection ports that eject vapor deposition particles to the deposition target substrate.
- the vapor deposition source that supplies the vapor deposition particles to the vapor deposition source via a vapor deposition source in which the injection ports are arranged in one or a plurality of rows and a pipe connected to one end side of the row of the injection ports in the vapor deposition source It is characterized by comprising particle supply means and rotation means for rotating the vapor deposition source.
- a vapor deposition method is a vapor deposition method for forming a film on a deposition target substrate, which has a plurality of injection ports, and the injection ports are arranged in one or more rows.
- a vapor deposition particle supplying step for supplying vapor deposition particles to the vapor deposition source via a pipe connected to one end side of the row of the injection ports in the vapor deposition source; After the first injection step of injecting the vapor deposition particles to the film substrate, the rotation step of rotating the vapor deposition source and reversing the arrangement direction of the injection ports after the first injection step, and after the rotation step, And a second injection step of injecting the vapor deposition particles from the injection port onto the deposition target substrate.
- the vapor deposition particles are supplied from the vapor deposition particle supply means to the vapor deposition source through the piping, and are injected from the injection port onto the film formation substrate. Since the pipe is connected to one end side of the row of injection ports in the vapor deposition source, the amount of vapor deposition particles emitted from the injection port monotonously decreases as the distance from the one end side increases. Therefore, after vapor deposition particles are injected from the injection port onto the film formation substrate, the vapor deposition source is rotated to reverse the arrangement direction of the injection ports, and the vapor deposition particles are again injected from the injection port onto the film formation substrate.
- the film thickness distribution of the vapor deposition particles at the time of vapor deposition before inversion and the film thickness distribution of the vapor deposition particles at the time of vapor deposition after the inversion are symmetric with respect to the central portion of the substrate. Therefore, the film thickness distribution obtained by synthesizing the film thickness distribution of the vapor deposition particles at the time of vapor deposition before reversal and the film thickness distribution of the vapor deposition particles at the time of vapor deposition after the reversal is obtained when vapor deposition is performed without rotating the vapor deposition source. It becomes more uniform than the film thickness distribution. Therefore, it is possible to provide a vapor deposition apparatus and a vapor deposition method capable of vapor deposition of vapor deposition particles with a uniform film thickness on a deposition target substrate.
- the organic electroluminescence display device manufacturing method of the present invention includes a TFT substrate / first electrode manufacturing step of forming a first electrode on a TFT substrate, and an organic layer on which an organic layer including at least a light emitting layer is deposited on the TFT substrate.
- An organic electroluminescence display device comprising: a vapor deposition step; a second electrode vapor deposition step of depositing a second electrode; and a sealing step of sealing an organic electroluminescence element including the organic layer and the second electrode with a sealing member.
- At least any one of the said organic layer vapor deposition process, the said 2nd electrode vapor deposition process, and the said sealing process is the said vapor deposition particle supply process of said vapor deposition method, said 1st injection process, It has the above-mentioned rotation process and the above-mentioned 2nd injection process.
- the organic layer or the like can be formed with a uniform film thickness by the vapor deposition method of the present invention, an organic electroluminescence display device with little display unevenness can be provided.
- the vapor deposition apparatus is a vapor deposition apparatus that forms a film on a film formation substrate, and has a plurality of injection holes for injecting vapor deposition particles onto the film formation substrate.
- Vapor deposition sources arranged in one or more rows, and vapor deposition particle supply means for supplying the vapor deposition particles to the vapor deposition source via a pipe connected to one end side of the row of the injection ports in the vapor deposition source; And a rotating means for rotating the vapor deposition source.
- the vapor deposition method according to the present invention is a vapor deposition method for forming a film on a deposition target substrate, wherein the vapor deposition source has a plurality of injection ports, and the injection ports are arranged in one or more rows.
- a second injection step of injecting the vapor deposition particles onto the substrate Therefore, there is an effect that it is possible to provide a vapor deposition apparatus and a vapor deposition method capable of depositing vapor deposition particles with a uniform film thickness on a deposition target substrate.
- FIG. 1 It is a side view which shows the structure of the vapor deposition apparatus concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows schematic structure of the vapor deposition source unit of the said vapor deposition apparatus.
- FIG. 1 it is a side view which shows the state which rotated the vapor deposition source unit 180 degrees.
- FIG. 1 it is a side view which shows the state which rotated the vapor deposition source unit 180 degrees.
- It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the organic electroluminescent display apparatus of RGB full color display.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the TFT substrate in the organic EL display device shown in FIG.
- a method for manufacturing a bottom emission type organic EL display device for RGB full color display in which light is extracted from the TFT substrate side is given as an example. explain.
- FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an organic EL display device for RGB full-color display.
- 7 is a plan view showing a configuration of a pixel constituting the organic EL display device shown in FIG. 6, and
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the TFT substrate in the organic EL display device shown in FIG. FIG.
- the organic EL display device 1 manufactured in the present embodiment includes an organic EL element 20 connected to the TFT 12 and an adhesive layer on the TFT substrate 10 on which the TFT 12 (see FIG. 8) is provided. 30 and the sealing substrate 40 have the structure provided in this order.
- the organic EL element 20 includes a pair of substrates (TFT substrates) by bonding the TFT substrate 10 on which the organic EL element 20 is laminated to a sealing substrate 40 using an adhesive layer 30. 10 and the sealing substrate 40).
- TFT substrates substrates
- the organic EL element 20 is sealed between the TFT substrate 10 and the sealing substrate 40 in this way, so that oxygen or moisture can enter the organic EL element 20 from the outside. It is prevented.
- the TFT substrate 10 includes a transparent insulating substrate 11 such as a glass substrate as a supporting substrate.
- a plurality of wirings 14 including a plurality of gate lines laid in the horizontal direction and a plurality of signal lines laid in the vertical direction and intersecting the gate lines are provided. It has been.
- a gate line driving circuit (not shown) for driving the gate line is connected to the gate line, and a signal line driving circuit (not shown) for driving the signal line is connected to the signal line.
- the organic EL display device 1 is a full-color active matrix organic EL display device, and red (R), green (G), and blue are respectively formed on the insulating substrate 11 in regions surrounded by the wirings 14.
- the sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B of the respective colors including the organic EL elements 20 of the respective colors of (B) are arranged in a matrix.
- an area surrounded by these wirings 14 is one sub pixel (dot), and R, G, and B light emitting areas are defined for each sub pixel.
- the pixel 2 (that is, one pixel) has three sub-pixels: a red sub-pixel 2R that transmits red light, a green sub-pixel 2G that transmits green light, and a blue sub-pixel 2B that transmits blue light. It is composed of pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B.
- Each of the sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B includes openings 15R and 15G that are covered by the light-emitting layers 23R, 23G, and 23B of the respective stripes as light-emitting regions of the respective colors that are responsible for light emission in the sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B ⁇ 15B is provided.
- the light emitting layers 23R, 23G, and 23B are patterned by vapor deposition for each color.
- the openings 15R, 15G, and 15B will be described later.
- These sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B are provided with TFTs 12 connected to the first electrode 21 in the organic EL element 20, respectively.
- the light emission intensity of each of the sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B is determined by scanning and selection by the wiring 14 and the TFT 12.
- the organic EL display device 1 realizes image display by selectively causing the organic EL element 20 to emit light with desired luminance using the TFT 12.
- the TFT substrate 10 will be described.
- the TFT substrate 10 has a TFT 12 (switching element), an interlayer film 13 (interlayer insulating film, planarizing film), a wiring 14 and an edge cover 15 on a transparent insulating substrate 11 such as a glass substrate. It has the structure formed in this order.
- TFTs 12 are provided corresponding to the sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B, respectively.
- the structure of the TFT is conventionally well known. Therefore, illustration and description of each layer in the TFT 12 are omitted.
- the interlayer film 13 is laminated on the insulating substrate 11 over the entire region of the insulating substrate 11 so as to cover the TFTs 12.
- the first electrode 21 in the organic EL element 20 is formed on the interlayer film 13.
- the interlayer film 13 is provided with a contact hole 13a for electrically connecting the first electrode 21 in the organic EL element 20 to the TFT 12.
- the TFT 12 is electrically connected to the organic EL element 20 through the contact hole 13a.
- the edge cover 15 prevents the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 26 in the organic EL element 20 from being short-circuited when the organic EL layer becomes thin or the electric field concentration occurs at the pattern end of the first electrode 21. It is an insulating layer for preventing.
- the edge cover 15 is formed on the interlayer film 13 so as to cover the pattern end of the first electrode 21.
- the edge cover 15 is provided with openings 15R, 15G, and 15B for each of the sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B.
- the openings 15R, 15G, and 15B of the edge cover 15 are light emitting areas of the sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B.
- the sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B are partitioned by the edge cover 15 having an insulating property.
- the edge cover 15 also functions as an element isolation film.
- the organic EL element 20 is a light emitting element that can emit light with high luminance by low-voltage direct current drive, and a first electrode 21, an organic EL layer, and a second electrode 26 are laminated in this order.
- the first electrode 21 is a layer having a function of injecting (supplying) holes into the organic EL layer. As described above, the first electrode 21 is connected to the TFT 12 via the contact hole 13a.
- a hole injection layer / hole transport layer 22 As shown in FIG. 8, between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 26, as an organic EL layer, from the first electrode 21 side, a hole injection layer / hole transport layer 22, and light emitting layers 23R, 23G, 23B, the electron carrying layer 24, and the electron injection layer 25 have the structure formed in this order.
- the stacking order is that in which the first electrode 21 is an anode and the second electrode 26 is a cathode, the first electrode 21 is a cathode, and the second electrode 26 is an anode.
- the order of stacking is reversed.
- the hole injection layer is a layer having a function of increasing the efficiency of hole injection into the light emitting layers 23R, 23G, and 23B.
- the hole transport layer is a layer having a function of improving the efficiency of transporting holes to the light emitting layers 23R, 23G, and 23B.
- the hole injection layer / hole transport layer 22 is uniformly formed on the entire display region of the TFT substrate 10 so as to cover the first electrode 21 and the edge cover 15.
- the hole injection layer / hole transport layer 22 in which the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer are integrated is provided as the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer.
- An example will be described.
- the present embodiment is not limited to this.
- the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer may be formed as independent layers.
- the light emitting layers 23R, 23G, and 23B correspond to the sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B so as to cover the openings 15R, 15G, and 15B of the edge cover 15, respectively. Is formed.
- the light emitting layers 23R, 23G, and 23B are layers having a function of emitting light by recombining holes injected from the first electrode 21 side and electrons injected from the second electrode 26 side. .
- the light emitting layers 23R, 23G, and 23B are each formed of a material having high light emission efficiency, such as a low molecular fluorescent dye or a metal complex.
- the electron transport layer 24 is a layer having a function of increasing the electron transport efficiency from the second electrode 26 to the light emitting layers 23R, 23G, and 23B.
- the electron injection layer 25 is a layer having a function of increasing the electron injection efficiency from the second electrode 26 to the light emitting layers 23R, 23G, and 23B.
- the electron transport layer 24 is formed on the light emitting layer 23R / 23G / 23B and the hole injection layer / hole transport layer 22 so as to cover the light emitting layer 23R / 23G / 23B and the hole injection layer / hole transport layer 22.
- the TFT substrate 10 is formed uniformly over the entire display area. Further, the electron injection layer 25 is uniformly formed on the entire surface of the display region of the TFT substrate 10 on the electron transport layer 24 so as to cover the electron transport layer 24.
- the electron transport layer 24 and the electron injection layer 25 may be formed as independent layers as described above, or may be provided integrally with each other. That is, the organic EL display device 1 may include an electron transport layer / electron injection layer instead of the electron transport layer 24 and the electron injection layer 25.
- the second electrode 26 is a layer having a function of injecting electrons into the organic EL layer composed of the organic layers as described above.
- the second electrode 26 is uniformly formed on the entire surface of the display region of the TFT substrate 10 on the electron injection layer 25 so as to cover the electron injection layer 25.
- organic layers other than the light emitting layers 23R, 23G, and 23B are not essential layers as the organic EL layer, and may be appropriately formed according to the required characteristics of the organic EL element 20.
- a carrier blocking layer can also be added to the organic EL layer as necessary. For example, by adding a hole blocking layer as a carrier blocking layer between the light emitting layers 23R, 23G, and 23B and the electron transport layer 24, the holes are prevented from falling out to the electron transport layer 24, and the light emission efficiency is improved. can do.
- First electrode / light emitting layer / second electrode (2) First electrode / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / second electrode (3) First electrode / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / Hole blocking layer (carrier blocking layer) / electron transport layer / second electrode (4) first electrode / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / hole blocking layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer / second electrode (5 ) 1st electrode / hole injection layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer / second electrode (6) 1st electrode / hole injection layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / positive Hole blocking layer / electron transport layer / second electrode (7) first electrode / hole injection layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer / hole blocking layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer / second electrode (8) 1st electrode
- the configuration of the organic EL element 20 is not limited to the above-described exemplary layer configuration, and a desired layer configuration can be adopted according to the required characteristics of the organic EL element 20 as described above.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the manufacturing steps of the organic EL display device 1 in the order of steps.
- the manufacturing method of the organic EL display device 1 includes, for example, a TFT substrate / first electrode manufacturing step (S1), a hole injection layer / hole transport layer deposition configuration (S2). ), A light emitting layer vapor deposition step (S3), an electron transport layer vapor deposition step (S4), an electron injection layer vapor deposition step (S5), a second electrode vapor deposition step (S6), and a sealing step (S7).
- the stacking order described in the present embodiment uses the first electrode 21 as an anode and the second electrode 26 as a cathode, and conversely, uses the first electrode 21 as a cathode and the second electrode 26. Is used as the anode, the stacking order of the organic EL layers is reversed. Similarly, the materials constituting the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 26 are also reversed.
- a photosensitive resin is applied on an insulating substrate 11 such as glass on which TFTs 12 and wirings 14 are formed by a known technique, and patterning is performed by a photolithography technique, thereby insulating substrate 11.
- An interlayer film 13 is formed thereon.
- the insulating substrate 11 has a thickness of 0.7 to 1.1 mm, a length in the y-axis direction (vertical length) of 400 to 500 mm, and a length in the x-axis direction (horizontal length) of 300.
- a glass substrate or a plastic substrate of ⁇ 400 mm is used. In this embodiment, a glass substrate is used.
- an acrylic resin or a polyimide resin can be used as the interlayer film 13.
- the acrylic resin include Optomer series manufactured by JSR Corporation.
- a polyimide resin the photo nice series by Toray Industries, Inc. is mentioned, for example.
- the polyimide resin is generally not transparent but colored. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, when a bottom emission type organic EL display device is manufactured as the organic EL display device 1, a transparent resin such as an acrylic resin is more preferably used as the interlayer film 13. Used.
- the film thickness of the interlayer film 13 is not particularly limited as long as the step due to the TFT 12 can be compensated. In this embodiment, for example, the thickness is about 2 ⁇ m.
- a contact hole 13 a for electrically connecting the first electrode 21 to the TFT 12 is formed in the interlayer film 13.
- an ITO (Indium Tin Oxide: Indium Tin Oxide) film is formed with a thickness of 100 nm by a sputtering method or the like.
- the ITO film is etched using ferric chloride as an etchant. Thereafter, the photoresist is stripped using a resist stripping solution, and substrate cleaning is further performed. Thereby, the first electrode 21 is formed in a matrix on the interlayer film 13.
- Examples of the conductive film material used for the first electrode 21 include transparent conductive materials such as ITO, IZO (Indium (Zinc Oxide), gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO), gold (Au), Metal materials such as nickel (Ni) and platinum (Pt) can be used.
- transparent conductive materials such as ITO, IZO (Indium (Zinc Oxide), gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO), gold (Au), Metal materials such as nickel (Ni) and platinum (Pt) can be used.
- a method for laminating the conductive film in addition to the sputtering method, a vacuum deposition method, a CVD (chemical vapor deposition) method, a plasma CVD method, a printing method, or the like can be used.
- the thickness of the first electrode 21 is not particularly limited, but as described above, for example, the thickness can be set to 100 nm.
- the edge cover 15 is patterned and formed with a film thickness of, for example, about 1 ⁇ m.
- the same insulating material as that of the interlayer film 13 can be used.
- the TFT substrate 10 and the first electrode 21 are produced (S1).
- the TFT substrate 10 that has undergone the above-described steps is subjected to oxygen plasma treatment as a vacuum baking for dehydration and surface cleaning of the first electrode 21.
- a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer are displayed on the TFT substrate 10 on the TFT substrate 10 using a conventional vapor deposition apparatus. Vapor deposition is performed on the entire area (S2).
- an open mask having an entire display area opened is aligned and adhered to the TFT substrate 10 and then scattered from the deposition source while rotating the TFT substrate 10 and the open mask together. Vapor deposition particles are uniformly deposited on the entire display region through the opening of the open mask.
- vapor deposition on the entire surface of the display area means that vapor deposition is performed continuously between adjacent sub-pixels of different colors.
- Examples of the material for the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer include benzine, styrylamine, triphenylamine, porphyrin, triazole, imidazole, oxadiazole, polyarylalkane, phenylenediamine, arylamine, oxazole, anthracene, and fluorenone. , Hydrazone, stilbene, triphenylene, azatriphenylene, and derivatives thereof, polysilane compounds, vinyl carbazole compounds, thiophene compounds, aniline compounds, etc., linear or heterocyclic conjugated monomers, oligomers, or polymers Etc.
- the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer may be integrated as described above, or may be formed as independent layers.
- Each film thickness is, for example, 10 to 100 nm.
- the hole injection layer / hole transport layer 22 is provided as the hole injection layer and the hole transport layer, and the material of the hole injection layer / hole transport layer 22 is 4,4′-bis [ N- (1-naphthyl) -N-phenylamino] biphenyl ( ⁇ -NPD) was used.
- the film thickness of the hole injection layer / hole transport layer 22 was 30 nm.
- the light emitting layers 23R, 23G, and 23B corresponding to the sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B so as to cover the openings 15R, 15G, and 15B of the edge cover 15. are separately formed (pattern formation) (S3).
- the light emitting layers 23R, 23G, and 23B are made of a material having high light emission efficiency such as a low molecular fluorescent dye or a metal complex.
- Examples of materials for the light emitting layers 23R, 23G, and 23B include anthracene, naphthalene, indene, phenanthrene, pyrene, naphthacene, triphenylene, anthracene, perylene, picene, fluoranthene, acephenanthrylene, pentaphen, pentacene, coronene, butadiene, and coumarin.
- the film thickness of the light emitting layers 23R, 23G, and 23B is, for example, 10 to 100 nm.
- the vapor deposition method and the vapor deposition apparatus according to the present embodiment can be particularly preferably used for such separate formation (pattern formation) of the light emitting layers 23R, 23G, and 23B.
- the electron transport layer 24, the hole injection layer / hole transport layer 22 and the light emitting layers 23R, 23G, and 23B are formed.
- the entire surface of the display area of the TFT substrate 10 is deposited so as to cover (S4).
- the electron injection layer 25 is formed on the entire surface of the display region of the TFT substrate 10 so as to cover the electron transport layer 24 by the same method as the hole injection layer / hole transport layer deposition step (S2). Evaporation is performed (S5).
- Examples of the material for the electron transport layer 24 and the electron injection layer 25 include tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum complex, oxadiazole derivative, triazole derivative, phenylquinoxaline derivative, silole derivative and the like.
- the electron transport layer 24 and the electron injection layer 25 may be integrated or formed as independent layers.
- Each film thickness is, for example, 1 to 100 nm.
- the total film thickness of the electron transport layer 24 and the electron injection layer 25 is, for example, 20 to 200 nm.
- Alq is used as the material of the electron transport layer 24, and LiF is used as the material of the electron injection layer 25.
- the thickness of the electron transport layer 24 was 30 nm, and the thickness of the electron injection layer 25 was 1 nm.
- the second electrode 26 is applied to the entire display region of the TFT substrate 10 so as to cover the electron injection layer 25 by the same method as the hole injection layer / hole transport layer deposition step (S2). Evaporation is performed (S6).
- Electrode material of the second electrode 26 a metal having a small work function is preferably used.
- examples of such electrode materials include magnesium alloys (MgAg, etc.), aluminum alloys (AlLi, AlCa, AlMg, etc.), metallic calcium, and the like.
- the thickness of the second electrode 26 is, for example, 50 to 100 nm.
- the organic EL element 20 including the organic EL layer, the first electrode 21, and the second electrode 26 was formed on the TFT substrate 10.
- the TFT substrate 10 on which the organic EL element 20 was formed and the sealing substrate 40 were bonded together with an adhesive layer 30 to encapsulate the organic EL element 20.
- sealing substrate 40 for example, an insulating substrate such as a glass substrate or a plastic substrate having a thickness of 0.4 to 1.1 mm is used. In this embodiment, a glass substrate is used.
- the vertical length and the horizontal length of the sealing substrate 40 may be appropriately adjusted according to the size of the target organic EL display device 1, and an insulating substrate having substantially the same size as the insulating substrate 11 in the TFT substrate 10 is used. After sealing the organic EL element 20, the organic EL element 20 may be divided according to the size of the target organic EL display device 1.
- sealing method of the organic EL element 20 it is not limited to an above-described method.
- Other sealing methods include, for example, a method in which engraved glass is used as the sealing substrate 40 and sealing is performed in a frame shape with a sealing resin, frit glass, or the like, or between the TFT substrate 10 and the sealing substrate 40.
- a method of filling a resin in between The manufacturing method of the organic EL display device 1 does not depend on the sealing method, and any sealing method can be applied.
- a protective film (not shown) that prevents oxygen and moisture from entering the organic EL element 20 from the outside is provided on the second electrode 26 so as to cover the second electrode 26. Good.
- the protective film is made of an insulating or conductive material. Examples of such a material include silicon nitride and silicon oxide. Further, the thickness of the protective film is, for example, 100 to 1000 nm.
- the organic EL display device 1 is completed through the above steps.
- a predetermined image is displayed by controlling the light emission luminance of each of the sub-pixels 2R, 2G, and 2B.
- FIG. 1 is a side view showing a configuration of a vapor deposition apparatus 50 according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a vapor deposition source unit 90 of the vapor deposition apparatus 50.
- the vapor deposition apparatus 50 is an apparatus for forming a film on the film formation substrate 60, and is disposed in a vacuum chamber.
- the vapor deposition apparatus 50 includes a shadow mask 80, a vapor deposition source unit 90, and a rotation mechanism 100.
- the structures of the film formation substrate 60 and the shadow mask 80 are the same as those of the film formation substrate 260 and the shadow mask 280 shown in FIG.
- the vapor deposition source unit 90 includes a vapor deposition source 91 and a vapor deposition source crucible 93 (vapor deposition particle supply means).
- the configurations of the vapor deposition source 91 and the vapor deposition source crucible 93 are the same as those of the vapor deposition source 291 and the vapor deposition source crucible 293 in the conventional vapor deposition apparatus 250 shown in FIG.
- the vapor deposition source 91 has a plurality of injection ports 92 for injecting vapor deposition particles, and the injection ports 92 are arranged in a row as shown in FIG.
- the vapor deposition source crucible 93 stores a solid or liquid vapor deposition material.
- the vapor deposition material is heated inside the vapor deposition source crucible 93 to be gaseous vapor particles, and is supplied (introduced) to the vapor deposition source 91 through the pipe 94.
- the pipe 94 is connected to one end (supply side end) of the row of the injection ports 92 of the vapor deposition source 91, and the vapor deposition particles supplied to the vapor deposition source 91 are emitted from the injection port 92. .
- the vapor deposition surface of the deposition target substrate 60 and the vapor deposition source 91 are arranged to face each other.
- a shadow mask 80 having an opening corresponding to the pattern of the vapor deposition region is closely fixed to the vapor deposition surface of the deposition target substrate 60 so that the vapor deposition particles do not adhere to a region other than the target vapor deposition region. Then, the deposition target substrate 60 and the shadow mask 80 are relatively moved (scanned) with respect to the deposition source 91 by a moving unit (not shown) while ejecting the deposition particles from the ejection port 92.
- the moving means moves the film formation substrate 60 and the shadow mask 80 in a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the injection ports 92 ( It is reciprocated in the direction from the back side to the front side in the drawing and the opposite direction. As a result, a predetermined pattern is formed on the deposition target substrate 60.
- a rotation mechanism 100 that rotates the vapor deposition source 91 and the vapor deposition source crucible 93 is provided.
- the rotation mechanism 100 includes a rotation motor 101 and a rotation shaft 102. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vapor deposition source 91 and the vapor deposition source crucible 93 are connected to one end and the other end of a concave support rod 95, respectively. Further, the central portion of the support bar 95 is connected to a rotating shaft 102 that is rotated by a rotating motor 101. Accordingly, when the rotation motor 101 rotates the rotation shaft 102, the vapor deposition source 91 and the vapor deposition source crucible 93 rotate so that the rotation shaft is perpendicular to the deposition target substrate 60. Note that the direction of the rotation axis may be shifted from the vertical direction of the deposition target substrate 60 so that the uniformity of the film thickness distribution is not affected.
- the rotation motor 101 may be provided outside the vacuum chamber, and the vapor deposition source unit 90 in the vacuum chamber may be rotated through the rotation shaft 102.
- the arrangement direction of the injection ports 92 is reversed in accordance with the scanning direction of the film formation substrate 60. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, in the state where the vapor deposition source 91 is arranged so that the connection position of the pipe 94 is located on the left side in the drawing, the vapor deposition particles 91 are deposited via the pipe 94. (Vapor deposition particle supplying step), and the deposition target substrate 60 is scanned in the back direction (the forward direction) in FIG. Injection process).
- the rotation mechanism 100 rotates the vapor deposition source 91 by 180 ° to reverse the arrangement direction of the injection ports 92. (Rotation process). Thereby, as shown in FIG. 3, the connection position of the piping 94 comes to the right side in the figure. In this state, vapor deposition particles are ejected from the ejection port 92 onto the deposition substrate 60 while scanning the deposition substrate 60 in the front direction (return direction) in FIG. 3 (second ejection step). When the scanning in the backward direction is finished, the ejection of the vapor deposition particles is finished.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the position of the film formation substrate 60 along the arrangement direction of the injection ports 92 and the distribution (thickness) of vapor deposition particles.
- a position facing the supply side end of the vapor deposition source 91 in the state of FIG. 1 is A
- a position facing the end opposite to the supply side end of the vapor deposition source 91 is B.
- the solid line indicates the distribution of vapor deposition particles when the film formation substrate 60 is scanned in the forward direction
- the broken line indicates the distribution of vapor deposition particles when the film formation substrate 60 is scanned in the backward direction.
- the alternate long and short dash line indicates the distribution of the vapor deposition particles when the reciprocating scanning is completed.
- the amount of vapor deposition particles emitted from the injection port 92 decreases as the distance from the supply side end of the vapor deposition source 91 increases. Therefore, the distribution of the vapor deposition particles when the deposition target substrate 60 is scanned in the forward direction (FIG. 1) gradually decreases from the position A to the position B as indicated by the solid line.
- the vapor deposition source 91 is rotated 180 ° as shown in FIG.
- the distribution of the injection amount of the vapor deposition particles injected onto the film formation substrate 60 is also reversed.
- the film thickness distribution when the deposition target substrate 60 scans in the backward direction is symmetric with respect to the film thickness distribution indicated by the solid line with respect to the intermediate position between the position A and the position B.
- the film thickness distribution at the time when the reciprocating scan of the deposition target substrate 60 is completed is the sum of the film thickness distribution indicated by the solid line and the film thickness distribution indicated by the broken line. Therefore, as shown by the alternate long and short dash line, the film thickness distribution is uniform when compared with the film thickness distribution when scanned in the forward direction and the film thickness distribution when scanned in the backward direction. Therefore, by arranging the vapor deposition source 91 in a direction different by 180 ° between the case of scanning in the forward direction and the case of scanning in the backward direction, the influence of the pressure difference in the supply path and the injection port is alleviated, and the vapor deposition region A uniform film thickness distribution can be obtained over the entire surface. In particular, if the vapor deposition device 50 is applied to vapor deposition of the light emitting layer of the organic EL element, an organic EL display device with little display unevenness can be manufactured.
- the deposition source 91 may be rotated so that the deposition target substrate 60 is reciprocated three times in the state shown in FIG. .
- the rotation of the vapor deposition source 91 is performed when the deposition target substrate 60 passes through the vapor deposition source 91 and is in a position where the vapor deposition particles do not reach the deposition target substrate 60.
- vapor deposition particles may be ejected into a space other than desired, so it is preferable to stop the ejection of the vapor deposition particles with a valve or a shutter.
- the deposition substrate and the shadow mask are in close contact with each other.
- vapor deposition may be performed by providing a gap between the deposition substrate and the shadow mask.
- a shadow mask that covers the entire surface of the deposition target substrate is used, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- a shadow mask 180 having a smaller area than the vapor deposition region of the deposition target substrate 60 may be used as the shadow mask.
- the relative position between the shadow mask 180 and the vapor deposition source 91 is fixed, and alignment is performed so that the shadow mask 180 faces the deposition target substrate with a certain gap. Then, the film formation substrate 60 is moved relative to the shadow mask 180 and the vapor deposition source 91, and vapor deposition particles are sequentially deposited on the vapor deposition region of the film deposition substrate 60 through the opening 181 of the shadow mask 180.
- FIG. 10 is a side view showing the configuration of the vapor deposition apparatus 150 according to the present embodiment.
- the vapor deposition apparatus 150 is an apparatus that forms a film on the deposition target substrate 60 and is disposed in a vacuum chamber.
- the vapor deposition apparatus 150 includes a shadow mask 80, two vapor deposition source units 190a and 190b, and two rotation mechanisms 200a and 200b (rotation means).
- the vapor deposition source unit 190a and the vapor deposition source unit 190b have the same configuration and include a vapor deposition source 191 and a vapor deposition source crucible 193 (vapor deposition particle supply means).
- the vapor deposition source 191 has a plurality of ejection ports 192 for ejecting the vapor deposition particles, and the ejection ports 192 are arranged in one row. Compared with the vapor deposition source 91 shown in FIG. 1, the vapor deposition source 191 has half the number of injection ports and the length of the arrangement of the injection ports in the vapor deposition source 91.
- the vapor deposition source crucible 193 is substantially the same as the vapor deposition source crucible 93 except that the storage amount and supply speed of the vapor deposition material are half that of the vapor deposition source crucible 93 compared to the vapor deposition source crucible 93 shown in FIG. It is the composition.
- the pipe 194 is connected to one end (supply side end) of the row of the injection ports 192 of the vapor deposition source 191, and the vapor deposition particles supplied to the vapor deposition source 191 are ejected from the injection port 192. .
- the rotation mechanism 200a and the rotation mechanism 200b rotate the vapor deposition source unit 190a and the vapor deposition source unit 190b, respectively.
- the rotation mechanism 200a and the rotation mechanism 200b have the same configuration and include a rotation motor 201 and a rotation shaft 202.
- the vapor deposition source 191 and the vapor deposition source crucible 193 are connected to one end and the other end of a concave support bar 195, respectively.
- the central portion of the support bar 195 is connected to a rotating shaft 202 that is rotated by a rotating motor 201.
- the rotation motor 201 may be provided outside the vacuum chamber, and the vapor deposition source units 190a and 190b in the vacuum chamber may be rotated through the rotation shaft 202.
- the vapor deposition apparatus 150 has a configuration including two vapor deposition source units and two rotation mechanisms. Similar to the vapor deposition apparatus 50 according to the first embodiment, the vapor deposition apparatus 150 also reverses the arrangement direction of the injection ports 192 according to the scanning direction of the deposition target substrate 60.
- the vapor deposition source 191 is first arranged so that the connection position of the pipe 194 is located on the left side in the drawing in each vapor deposition source unit.
- the outlets 192 of the vapor deposition source 191 of the vapor deposition source unit 190a and the vapor deposition source 191 of the vapor deposition source unit 190b are arranged in the same direction.
- the vapor deposition particles are supplied to the vapor deposition source 191 through the pipe 194 (vapor deposition particle supply process), and the film formation substrate 60 is scanned in the back direction of FIG.
- the vapor deposition particles are ejected from the film deposition substrate 60 onto the deposition target substrate 60 (first injection step).
- FIG. 12 is a graph showing the relationship between the position of the film formation substrate 60 along the arrangement direction of the injection ports 192 and the distribution (thickness) of vapor deposition particles.
- the position facing the supply side end of the evaporation source 191 of the left evaporation source unit 190a in the state of FIG. 10 is A, and the opposite side of the supply side end of the evaporation source 191 of the right evaporation source unit 190b.
- the position that faces the end of this is B.
- the solid line indicates the distribution of vapor deposition particles when the film formation substrate 60 is scanned in the forward direction
- the broken line indicates the distribution of vapor deposition particles when the film formation substrate 60 is scanned in the backward direction.
- the alternate long and short dash line indicates the distribution of the vapor deposition particles when the reciprocating scanning is completed.
- the film thickness of the vapor deposition particles monotonously decreases from the position A to the intermediate position between the position A and the position B, and increases at the intermediate position. To do. This is because the intermediate position corresponds to the supply side end of the vapor deposition source 191 of the vapor deposition source unit 190b shown in FIG. Further, in the vicinity of an intermediate position between the position A and the position B, the vapor deposition particles flow from the two adjacent vapor deposition sources 191, so the distribution of the vapor deposition particles is wavy.
- the film thickness of the vapor deposition particles monotonously increases from the position A to the intermediate position between the position A and the position B, and decreases at the intermediate position. To do. That is, the distribution indicated by the broken line is obtained by inverting the distribution indicated by the solid line with respect to the intermediate position.
- the film thickness distribution at the time when the reciprocating scan of the deposition target substrate 60 is completed is the sum of the film thickness distribution indicated by the solid line and the film thickness distribution indicated by the broken line. Therefore, as shown by the alternate long and short dash line, the film thickness distribution is uniform when compared with the film thickness distribution when scanned in the forward direction and the film thickness distribution when scanned in the backward direction.
- the film thickness distribution indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 12 is more uniform than the film thickness distribution indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. That is, since this embodiment has a configuration in which the evaporation source is divided into a plurality of portions in Embodiment 1, the length of each evaporation source becomes shorter. Therefore, the nonuniformity of the film thickness distribution is reduced in one vapor deposition source. Therefore, even if the film thickness distribution when the film formation substrate 60 is scanned in the forward direction and the film thickness distribution when the film formation substrate 60 is scanned in the backward direction are combined, the film thickness distribution is not uniform. The film thickness uniformity in the substrate surface is further improved.
- two vapor deposition sources are provided, but three or more vapor deposition sources may be provided.
- a vapor deposition source crucible is required for each vapor deposition source, and variation in vapor deposition particle distribution from each vapor deposition source affects the film thickness distribution.
- the number of vapor deposition sources is desirably determined in consideration of their advantages and disadvantages, and preferably 2 to 4, for example.
- the plurality of vapor deposition sources it is not necessary for the plurality of vapor deposition sources to have the same size.
- the size of each vapor deposition source is different, the distribution of vapor deposition particles varies depending on the individual vapor deposition source. Therefore, the film thickness distribution when the deposition target substrate is scanned in the forward direction and the deposition target substrate are in the return direction. There is a possibility that the combined film thickness distribution with the film thickness distribution in the case of scanning is not sufficiently uniform. Therefore, the size of the vapor deposition source unit, in particular, the size of the vapor deposition source is preferably the same.
- the timing for rotating each deposition source may be different.
- the deposition source unit has a structure in which spatial interference occurs when the deposition sources are rotated at different timings, it is preferable to rotate the deposition sources at the same timing.
- the vapor deposition apparatus according to the present embodiment can obtain the same effects as those of the vapor deposition apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- a line type vapor deposition source in which injection ports are arranged in one row is used as the vapor deposition source.
- a surface type vapor deposition source in which a plurality of rows of injection ports are arranged may be used.
- deposition may be performed without moving the deposition target substrate relative to the deposition source.
- the arrangement direction of the injection ports is perpendicular to the scanning direction of the film formation substrate, but may be slightly deviated from the direction perpendicular to the scanning direction of the film formation substrate.
- the shape of the injection port is a point shape, but is not limited thereto, and may be, for example, a slit shape that is long in the arrangement direction of the injection ports.
- the present invention can also be applied to a contact-type scan vapor deposition method in which a film formation substrate is slid and vapor-deposited while the film formation substrate and a shadow mask are in close contact with each other. Further, the present invention can also be applied to the case where vapor deposition is performed on the entire surface of the deposition target substrate without using a shadow mask, as in S2 and S4 to S6 of FIG.
- the present invention can be applied not only to the deposition of an organic film but also to the deposition of a second electrode and the deposition of a sealing film.
- the variation in the thickness of the organic film greatly affects the characteristics of the organic EL display device, the application effect of the present invention is high.
- the film thickness variation of the second electrode affects the variation of electric resistance
- the variation of the sealing film affects the variation of moisture permeability and oxygen transmission rate. If the influence of these variations on the characteristics of the organic EL element is slight, the present invention may be applied only to the deposition of an organic film in view of the increase in equipment cost accompanying the complexity of the structure of the deposition apparatus. .
- the rotation motor rotates the entire vapor deposition source unit including the vapor deposition source and the vapor deposition source crucible.
- the vapor deposition source may be rotated.
- a pipe that can be rotated while being connected may be used as a pipe that fixes the vapor deposition source crucible and connects the vapor deposition source and the vapor deposition source crucible.
- the plurality of vapor deposition sources may be rotated by a single rotation motor.
- a vapor deposition apparatus is a vapor deposition apparatus that forms a film on a deposition target substrate, and includes a plurality of injection ports that eject vapor deposition particles onto the deposition target substrate.
- the vapor deposition source that supplies the vapor deposition particles to the vapor deposition source via a vapor deposition source in which the injection ports are arranged in one or a plurality of rows and a pipe connected to one end side of the row of the injection ports in the vapor deposition source Particle supplying means and rotating means for rotating the vapor deposition source are provided.
- the vapor deposition method according to the embodiment of the present invention is a vapor deposition method for forming a film on a deposition target substrate, and has a plurality of injection ports, and the injection ports are arranged in one or a plurality of rows.
- a vapor deposition particle supplying step for supplying vapor deposition particles to the vapor deposition source via a pipe connected to one end side of the row of the injection ports in the vapor deposition source; After the first injection step of injecting the vapor deposition particles to the film substrate, the rotation step of rotating the vapor deposition source and reversing the arrangement direction of the injection ports after the first injection step, and after the rotation step, A second injection step of injecting the vapor deposition particles from the injection port onto the deposition target substrate.
- the film thickness distribution of the vapor deposition particles at the time of vapor deposition before inversion and the film thickness distribution of the vapor deposition particles at the time of vapor deposition after the inversion are symmetric with respect to the central portion of the substrate. Therefore, the film thickness distribution obtained by synthesizing the film thickness distribution of the vapor deposition particles at the time of vapor deposition before reversal and the film thickness distribution of the vapor deposition particles at the time of vapor deposition after the reversal is obtained when vapor deposition is performed without rotating the vapor deposition source. It becomes more uniform than the film thickness distribution. Therefore, it is possible to provide a vapor deposition apparatus and a vapor deposition method capable of vapor deposition of vapor deposition particles with a uniform film thickness on a deposition target substrate.
- the rotation axis of the vapor deposition source is preferably perpendicular to the film formation substrate.
- the relative position between the vapor deposition source and the vapor deposition particle supply unit is fixed, and the rotation unit rotates the vapor deposition particle supply unit together with the vapor deposition source. preferable.
- the vapor deposition apparatus preferably includes a plurality of the above vapor deposition sources.
- the length of each vapor deposition source becomes shorter. Therefore, the nonuniformity of the film thickness distribution is reduced in one vapor deposition source, and the nonuniformity of the film thickness distribution is further reduced.
- the number of the vapor deposition sources is preferably 2 to 4.
- the vapor deposition particles can be vapor-deposited with a more uniform film thickness without complicating the apparatus structure of the vapor deposition apparatus.
- the vapor deposition sources have the same size.
- the film thickness distribution can be made sufficiently uniform.
- the rotation means rotate each vapor deposition source at the same timing.
- each deposition source can be rotated without any problem even when spatial interference occurs when each deposition source is rotated at different timings.
- a plurality of sets of the vapor deposition source and the vapor deposition particle supply means are provided, the relative positions of the vapor deposition source and the vapor deposition particle supply means are fixed, and the rotation means is The vapor deposition particle supply means is preferably rotated together with the vapor deposition source.
- the injection ports of the vapor deposition sources are arranged in the same direction.
- the film thickness distribution in the direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction can be made more uniform.
- the vapor deposition apparatus preferably includes a moving means for moving the film formation substrate relative to the vapor deposition source.
- the film formation substrate is relatively moved in the arrangement direction of the plurality of injection ports. It is preferable to be perpendicular to the direction of movement.
- An organic electroluminescence display device manufacturing method includes a TFT substrate / first electrode manufacturing step of manufacturing a first electrode on a TFT substrate, and an organic layer including at least a light emitting layer on the TFT substrate.
- An organic layer deposition step for depositing the organic layer a second electrode deposition step for depositing the second electrode, and a sealing step for sealing the organic electroluminescence element including the organic layer and the second electrode with a sealing member.
- a method of manufacturing an electroluminescence display device, wherein at least one of the organic layer deposition step, the second electrode deposition step, and the sealing step is performed by the deposition particle supply step of the deposition method, the first step 1 injection process, the rotation process and the second injection process.
- an organic layer or the like can be formed with a uniform film thickness by the vapor deposition method according to the embodiment of the present invention, so that an organic electroluminescence display device with little display unevenness can be provided. it can.
- the present invention can be applied not only to vapor deposition of vapor deposition particles in the manufacture of an organic EL display device but also to vapor deposition of vapor deposition particles to any film formation target.
- Organic EL display device Organic electroluminescence display device 2 pixel 2B sub pixel 2G sub pixel 2R sub pixel 10 TFT substrate 11 insulating substrate 12 TFT 13 interlayer film 13a contact hole 14 wiring 15 edge cover 15R opening 15G opening 15B opening 20 organic EL element 21 first electrode 22 hole injection layer / hole transport layer 23R light emitting layer 23G light emitting layer 23B light emitting layer 24 electron transport layer 25 Electron injection layer 26 Second electrode 30 Adhesive layer 40 Sealing substrate 50 Deposition device 60 Deposition substrate 80 Shadow mask 90 Deposition source unit 91 Deposition source 92 Ejection port 93 Deposition source crucible (deposition particle supply means) 94 Piping 95 Support rod 100 Rotating mechanism (rotating means) DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Rotating motor 102 Rotating shaft 150 Evaporating apparatus 180 Shadow mask 181 Opening 190a Evaporating source unit 190b Evaporating source unit 191 Evaporating source 192 Ejection port 193 Evaporating source crucible (deposited particle supply means)
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Abstract
Description
本発明の実施の一形態について図1~図9に基づいて説明すれば以下の通りである。
(1)第1電極/発光層/第2電極
(2)第1電極/正孔輸送層/発光層/電子輸送層/第2電極
(3)第1電極/正孔輸送層/発光層/正孔ブロッキング層(キャリアブロッキング層)/電子輸送層/第2電極
(4)第1電極/正孔輸送層/発光層/正孔ブロッキング層/電子輸送層/電子注入層/第2電極
(5)第1電極/正孔注入層/正孔輸送層/発光層/電子輸送層/電子注入層/第2電極
(6)第1電極/正孔注入層/正孔輸送層/発光層/正孔ブロッキング層/電子輸送層/第2電極
(7)第1電極/正孔注入層/正孔輸送層/発光層/正孔ブロッキング層/電子輸送層/電子注入層/第2電極
(8)第1電極/正孔注入層/正孔輸送層/電子ブロッキング層(キャリアブロッキング層)/発光層/正孔ブロッキング層/電子輸送層/電子注入層/第2電極
なお、上記したように、例えば正孔注入層と正孔輸送層とは、一体化されていてもよい。また、電子輸送層と電子注入層とは一体化されていてもよい。
本発明の実施の他の形態について、図10~図12に基づいて説明すれば以下の通りである。本実施の形態では、蒸着源ユニットを複数備える蒸着装置について説明する。なお、説明の便宜上、前記実施の形態1において説明した部材と同じ機能を有する部材については、同じ符号を付記し、その説明を省略する。
上記実施の形態では、蒸着源として、射出口が1列に配置されたライン型の蒸着源を用いていたが、射出口を複数列配置した面型の蒸着源を用いてもよい。また、蒸着源の射出面が十分に大きく、被成膜基板が比較的小さい場合は、被成膜基板を蒸着源に対して相対移動させずに蒸着を行ってもよい。
以上のように、本発明の実施の形態に係る蒸着装置は、被成膜基板に成膜を行う蒸着装置であって、上記被成膜基板に蒸着粒子を射出する複数の射出口を有し、当該射出口が1列または複数列配置された蒸着源と、上記蒸着源における上記射出口の列の一方端側に接続された配管を介して、上記蒸着粒子を上記蒸着源に供給する蒸着粒子供給手段と、上記蒸着源を回転させる回転手段とを備えている。
2 画素
2B サブ画素
2G サブ画素
2R サブ画素
10 TFT基板
11 絶縁基板
12 TFT
13 層間膜
13a コンタクトホール
14 配線
15 エッジカバー
15R 開口部
15G 開口部
15B 開口部
20 有機EL素子
21 第1電極
22 正孔注入層兼正孔輸送層
23R 発光層
23G 発光層
23B 発光層
24 電子輸送層
25 電子注入層
26 第2電極
30 接着層
40 封止基板
50 蒸着装置
60 被成膜基板
80 シャドウマスク
90 蒸着源ユニット
91 蒸着源
92 射出口
93 蒸着源坩堝(蒸着粒子供給手段)
94 配管
95 支持棒
100 回転機構(回転手段)
101 回転用モータ
102 回転軸
150 蒸着装置
180 シャドウマスク
181 開口部
190a 蒸着源ユニット
190b 蒸着源ユニット
191 蒸着源
192 射出口
193 蒸着源坩堝(蒸着粒子供給手段)
194 配管
195 支持棒
200a 回転機構(回転手段)
200b 回転機構(回転手段)
201 回転用モータ
202 回転軸
250 蒸着装置
260 被成膜基板
280 シャドウマスク
290 蒸着源ユニット
291 蒸着源
292 射出口
293 蒸着源坩堝
294 配管
Claims (13)
- 被成膜基板に成膜を行う蒸着装置であって、
上記被成膜基板に蒸着粒子を射出する複数の射出口を有し、当該射出口が1列または複数列配置された蒸着源と、
上記蒸着源における上記射出口の列の一方端側に接続された配管を介して、上記蒸着粒子を上記蒸着源に供給する蒸着粒子供給手段と、
上記蒸着源を回転させる回転手段とを備えることを特徴とする蒸着装置。 - 上記蒸着源の回転軸が上記被成膜基板に垂直であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の蒸着装置。
- 上記蒸着源と上記蒸着粒子供給手段との相対位置が固定されており、
上記回転手段は、上記蒸着粒子供給手段を上記蒸着源とともに回転させることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の蒸着装置。 - 上記蒸着源を複数備えることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の蒸着装置。
- 上記蒸着源の個数は2~4であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の蒸着装置。
- 上記蒸着源の各々は、互いに同一の大きさであることを特徴とする請求項4または5に記載の蒸着装置。
- 上記回転手段は、各蒸着源を同一のタイミングで回転させることを特徴とする請求項4~6のいずれか1項に記載の蒸着装置。
- 上記蒸着源および上記蒸着粒子供給手段を複数組備え、
上記蒸着源と上記蒸着粒子供給手段との相対位置が固定されており、
上記回転手段は、上記蒸着粒子供給手段を上記蒸着源とともに回転させることを特徴とする請求項4~7のいずれか1項に記載の蒸着装置。 - 上記蒸着源が上記被成膜基板に上記蒸着粒子を射出している時に、各蒸着源の射出口は同一方向に配列していることを特徴とする請求項4~8のいずれか1項に記載の蒸着装置。
- 上記被成膜基板を上記蒸着源に対して相対移動させる移動手段を備えることを特徴とする請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の蒸着装置。
- 上記蒸着源が上記被成膜基板に上記蒸着粒子を射出している時に、上記複数の射出口の配列方向は、上記被成膜基板が相対移動する方向に垂直であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の蒸着装置。
- 被成膜基板に成膜を行う蒸着方法であって、
複数の射出口を有し、当該射出口が1列または複数列配置された蒸着源に、上記蒸着源における上記射出口の列の一方端側に接続された配管を介して、蒸着粒子を上記蒸着源に供給する蒸着粒子供給工程と、
上記射出口から上記被成膜基板に上記蒸着粒子を射出する第1の射出工程と、
第1の射出工程の後に、上記蒸着源を回転させて上記射出口の配列方向を反転させる回転工程と、
上記回転工程の後に、上記射出口から上記被成膜基板に上記蒸着粒子を射出する第2の射出工程とを有していることを特徴とする蒸着方法。 - TFT基板上に第1電極を作製するTFT基板・第1電極作製工程と、
上記TFT基板上に少なくとも発光層を含む有機層を蒸着する有機層蒸着工程と、
第2電極を蒸着する第2電極蒸着工程と、
上記有機層および第2電極を含む有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子を封止部材で封止する封止工程とを有する有機エレクトロルミネッセンス表示装置の製造方法であって、
上記有機層蒸着工程、上記第2電極蒸着工程、および上記封止工程の少なくともいずれかの工程は、請求項12に記載の蒸着方法の上記蒸着粒子供給工程、上記第1の射出工程、上記回転工程および上記第2の射出工程を有することを特徴とする有機エレクトロルミネッセンス表示装置の製造方法。
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| US13/992,613 US9093646B2 (en) | 2010-12-14 | 2011-12-07 | Vapor deposition method and method for manufacturing organic electroluminescent display device |
| JP2012548756A JP5718362B2 (ja) | 2010-12-14 | 2011-12-07 | 蒸着装置、蒸着方法、並びに、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス表示装置の製造方法 |
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| JP2017115246A (ja) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-06-29 | アプライド マテリアルズ インコーポレイテッドApplied Materials,Incorporated | 有機材料用の蒸発源、有機材料用の蒸発源を有する真空チャンバにおいて有機材料を堆積するための堆積装置、及び有機材料を蒸発させるための方法 |
| JP2018154926A (ja) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-10-04 | アプライド マテリアルズ インコーポレイテッドApplied Materials,Incorporated | 有機材料用の蒸発源、有機材料用の蒸発源を有する真空チャンバにおいて有機材料を堆積するための堆積装置、及び有機材料を蒸発させるための方法 |
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| CN110158036A (zh) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-08-23 | 上海视涯信息科技有限公司 | 一种蒸镀沉积设备及其使用方法 |
| DE102021117574A1 (de) | 2021-07-07 | 2023-01-12 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Beschichtungsanlage zur Beschichtung eines flächigen Gegenstands sowie ein Verfahren zum Beschichten eines flächigen Gegenstands |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| US9093646B2 (en) | 2015-07-28 |
| JP5718362B2 (ja) | 2015-05-13 |
| US20130260499A1 (en) | 2013-10-03 |
| JPWO2012081476A1 (ja) | 2014-05-22 |
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