WO2012079526A1 - 板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板 - Google Patents

板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012079526A1
WO2012079526A1 PCT/CN2011/084072 CN2011084072W WO2012079526A1 WO 2012079526 A1 WO2012079526 A1 WO 2012079526A1 CN 2011084072 W CN2011084072 W CN 2011084072W WO 2012079526 A1 WO2012079526 A1 WO 2012079526A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
slab
track
plate body
steel bars
prestressed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/084072
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王继军
江成
刘伟斌
赵勇
王梦
姜子清
范佳
杜香刚
Original Assignee
中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所
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Priority claimed from CN 201020665862 external-priority patent/CN201883346U/zh
Priority claimed from CN 201020691768 external-priority patent/CN201915299U/zh
Application filed by 中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所 filed Critical 中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所
Priority to RU2013134949/11A priority Critical patent/RU2588352C2/ru
Priority to US13/994,931 priority patent/US9222225B2/en
Publication of WO2012079526A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012079526A1/zh

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01BPERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B1/00Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
    • E01B1/002Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01BPERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B3/00Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
    • E01B3/28Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone
    • E01B3/40Slabs; Blocks; Pot sleepers; Fastening tie-rods to them

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a track board that can be widely applied to high-speed railways, passenger lines, general railways, and urban and intercity traffic, such as slab ballastless track prestressed concrete track boards and panels. Prestressed concrete track plate with pre-tensioned ballastless track. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION By 2020, the total mileage of China's railway operations will reach 100,000 kilometers. It is necessary to build a "four vertical and four horizontal" express passenger line and three inter-city rapid rail transit systems to realize the transportation of passenger and cargo lines of major busy trunk lines.
  • ballastless track systems There are two main types of ballastless tracks: plate type and double block type.
  • the slab ballastless track represented by the Japanese post-track plate and the German Borg plate has obvious superiority compared with the double-block ballastless track.
  • China began to use the post-track plate for the Qinshen line and the Chongqing line. Since the Beijing-Tianjin intercity high-speed railway adopted the Borg board, the high-speed railway ballastless track has developed rapidly. Engineering practice shows that both types of track plates have obvious defects and need to be improved.
  • the present invention is directed to a rail board adapted to a railway track circuit having a light weight, low structural height, low manufacturing cost, and low deformation, such as a slab ballastless track prestressed concrete track slab and a slab ballastless track pretensioning method. Prestressed concrete track panels.
  • a slab ballastless track prestressed concrete track slab comprising: a plate body, a fastener embedded bushing disposed on the plate body, and a length along the length of the plate body And the width direction is provided with at least one row of longitudinal ordinary steel bars and at least one row of horizontal ordinary steel bars, wherein the longitudinal ordinary steel bars and the transverse ordinary steel bars are insulated from each other, and the anchor plate and the longitudinal direction and the width direction are further passed through the anchor plate and
  • the fastening device is fastened with at least one row of longitudinal prestressed steel bars and at least one row of transversely prestressed steel bars, and the prestressing direction on the longitudinal prestressed steel bars and the transverse prestressed steel bars is a two-way post-tension or a one-way prior After the sheet is stretched, a limit structure and a grounding terminal are further disposed on the board.
  • a slab ballastless track pretensioned prestressed concrete track slab comprising: a slab body, a fastener pre-embedded sleeve is disposed on the slab body, and a length along the length of the slab
  • the width direction is provided with at least one row of longitudinal ordinary steel bars and at least one row of transverse ordinary steel bars, and the longitudinal ordinary steel bars and the transverse ordinary steel bars are insulated from each other, and at least one row of longitudinal directions is further disposed in the plate body along the length direction and the width direction.
  • a prestressed steel bar and at least one row of transversely prestressed steel bars wherein the prestressing direction on the longitudinal prestressed steel bar and the transverse prestressed steel bar is a bidirectional pretension, and a finite bit structure and a grounding terminal are further disposed on the plate body .
  • a track plate comprising: a plate body having at least one row of longitudinal reinforcing bars and at least one row of transverse reinforcing bars disposed in a length and width direction in the plate body, and longitudinal reinforcing bars and lateral reinforcing bars are mutually connected Insulation, at least one row of longitudinal prestressed steel bars and at least one row of lateral prestressed steel bars are further disposed in the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the plate body, and a limited structure and a grounding terminal are further disposed on the plate body.
  • the invention adopts the above technical solutions and has the following characteristics: 1.
  • the slab ballastless track prestressed concrete track slab and the slab ballastless track pretensioned prestressed concrete track slab of the present invention can facilitate the adhesion of the elastic cushion to the bottom of the slab to achieve vibration reduction of the lower foundation;
  • the transition between the girders can facilitate the laying of auxiliary rails on the concrete track slabs and increase the vertical bending stiffness of the rails.
  • the concrete track slabs are relatively light in weight and low in structural height by applying prestress (the direction of the prestress is two-way) Zhang or always open the first post or two-way pre-tension) to ensure that the concrete does not crack under the design load; it can meet the requirements of safety and stability of high-speed and heavy-duty train operation.
  • the problem of higher cost of the anchor of the post-tensioned track plate can be solved.
  • the slab ballastless track prestressed concrete track slab and the slab ballastless track pretensioned prestressed concrete track slab of the present invention vertical and horizontal ordinary steel bars are arranged, and resin steel bars or insulating coatings and insulating cards can be used.
  • the manufacturing process is simple when adopting the insulation mode. Quality is easy to guarantee.
  • the vertical and horizontal ordinary steel bars can be bundled into steel mesh sheets, which facilitates the overall mold insertion, which can increase the positioning accuracy of the steel bars and save production time.
  • the slab ballastless track prestressed concrete track slab and the slab ballastless track pretensioned prestressed concrete track slab of the invention have light weight, low structural height, low manufacturing cost, convenient transportation and laying, and daily temperature difference to the track plate. The effect of warpage is small and the amount of filler material is reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of a first embodiment of a slab ballastless track prestressed concrete track slab of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a first embodiment of a slab ballastless track prestressed concrete track slab of the present invention.
  • 3 is a schematic view of a prestressed steel bar of a first embodiment of a slab ballastless track prestressed concrete track slab of the present invention;
  • FIG. 4 is a first embodiment of a slab ballastless track prestressed concrete track slab of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a front view of a second embodiment of a slab ballastless track prestressed concrete track slab according to the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a top plan view of a second embodiment of the slab ballastless track prestressed concrete track slab of the present invention
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of a prestressed steel bar of a second embodiment of the slab ballastless track prestressed concrete track slab of the present invention
  • Figure 8 is a view of a second embodiment of the slab ballastless track prestressed concrete track slab of the present invention
  • 9 is a top plan view of a third embodiment of a slab ballastless track prestressed concrete track slab according to the present invention
  • FIG. 10 is a first embodiment of a slab ballastless track pretensioned prestressed concrete track slab of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a top plan view of a first embodiment of a slab ballastless track pretensioned prestressed concrete track slab of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a slab ballastless track pretensioned prestressed concrete according to the present invention;
  • FIG. 13 is a prestressed concrete track plate of a slab ballastless track pretensioned according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a common steel bar of a first embodiment of a slab ballastless track pretensioned prestressed concrete track slab of the present invention; and FIG. 15 is a slab ballastless track of the present invention.
  • First embodiment of slab ballastless track prestressed concrete track slab 1 to 4 are schematic views showing the structure of a first embodiment of a slab ballastless track prestressed concrete track slab according to the present invention.
  • the slab ballastless track prestressed concrete track slab of the present invention comprises: a plate body 1, and a fastener pre-embedded sleeve 4 is arranged on the plate body 1, and the position of the bushing 4 can be pre-buried by adjusting the fastener To adjust the rail fastener spacing to suit different operating conditions.
  • a row of longitudinal ordinary steel bars 11 and a row of transverse ordinary steel bars 12 are arranged in the length and width direction of the plate body 1, and a row is fastened in the plate body 1 in the longitudinal direction and the width direction by the anchor plate and the fastening device 8.
  • the longitudinal prestressed steel bars 7 and the horizontal prestressed steel bars 6 are prestressed on the longitudinal prestressed steel bars 7 and the transversely prestressed steel bars 6 in a two-way post-tension or a one-way first-mesh post-tension.
  • the anchor pad is disposed at a lateral end and/or a longitudinal end of the plate.
  • a railing table 2 is further provided on the plate body 1, and the railing table 2 and the plate body 1 can be integrally molded at the time of production.
  • a spiral rib 9 is provided in the concrete around the anchor plate and the fastening device 8.
  • Ordinary steel bars 11, 12 can be insulated with resin rebar or insulating coating, insulation card, etc., and grounding terminal 10 is also provided at the ordinary steel bar to meet the technical requirements of track circuit insulation, wherein the resin rebar is The outer surface has a resin coated steel bar. As shown in Fig. 4, the ground terminal 10 is connected to the upper row of ordinary steel bars 11.
  • the number of rows of the longitudinal ordinary steel bars 11 and the horizontal ordinary steel bars 12 is one row, but may be set to a plurality of rows as needed, and the number of rows of the longitudinal prestressed steel bars 7 and the transversely prestressed steel bars 6 may also be Set to multiple rows as needed.
  • the longitudinal prestressed steel bars 7 and the transversely prestressed steel bars 6 may be steel bars, steel wires or steel strands.
  • the ground terminal 10 shown in the drawing is connected to the upper row of ordinary reinforcing bars 11, but the grounding terminal 10 can also be connected to the lower row of ordinary reinforcing bars.
  • At least one set of lifting sleeves 3 are respectively disposed opposite to each other in the longitudinal direction on both sides in the width direction of the plate body 1.
  • FIG. 5 to FIG. 8 are schematic structural views of a second embodiment of a slab ballastless track prestressed concrete track plate according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5 to FIG.
  • the slab ballastless track prestressed concrete track plate of the present invention comprises: a plate body 1 , and a buckle pre-embedded sleeve 4 is arranged on the plate body 1 , and the buckle can be pre-embedded by adjusting the buckle The position of the tube 4 is used to adjust the rail fastener spacing to suit different operating conditions.
  • a row of longitudinal ordinary steel bars 11 and a row of transverse ordinary steel bars 12 are arranged in the length and width direction of the plate body 1. In the plate body 1, a row is fastened in the longitudinal direction and the width direction by the anchor plate and the fastening device 8.
  • the longitudinal prestressed steel bars 7 and the rows of transversely prestressed steel bars 6 have a prestressing direction on the longitudinal prestressed steel bars 7 and the transverse prestressed steel bars 6 as two-way post-tensioning or one-way first-tensioning.
  • a concrete shoulder 15 is also provided on the plate body 1, and the concrete shoulder 15 can be integrally molded with the plate body 1 during production.
  • a spiral rib 9 is provided in the concrete around the anchor plate and the fastening device 8.
  • Ordinary steel bars 11, 12 can be made of resin steel bars or insulating coatings, insulation cards, etc., and grounding terminals 10 are also provided at ordinary steel bars to meet the technical requirements of track circuit insulation.
  • resin steel bars have resin coating on the outer surface.
  • the reinforcement of the layer In the first embodiment, the number of rows of the longitudinal ordinary steel bars 11 and the horizontal ordinary steel bars 12 is one row, but the roots It can be set to multiple rows as needed. Similarly, the number of rows of prestressed steel bars 7 and transversely prestressed steel bars 6 can also be set to multiple rows as needed.
  • the longitudinal prestressed steel bars 7 and the transversely prestressed steel bars 6 may be steel bars, steel wires or steel strands. Further, at least one set of lifting sleeves 3 are respectively disposed opposite to each other in the longitudinal direction on both sides in the width direction of the plate body 1.
  • the lifting casing is 3
  • a spiral rib 13 in the surrounding concrete.
  • Reinforcing steel 26 is protruded from the bottom of the plate body 1 for positioning and longitudinal and lateral limitation of the plate body 1 during line installation.
  • At least one filling layer pouring hole 18 penetrating the plate body 1 is further provided on the plate body 1, and the reinforcing steel bar 26 is fixed by pouring concrete from the pouring hole 18.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of a third embodiment of a slab ballastless track prestressed concrete track slab according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, a hollow portion 29 is opened in the middle of the plate body 1 of the third embodiment, thereby overcoming the relatively large self-weight of the entire flat-plate type track plate in the ballastless track structure, which is inconvenient to transport and lay. The manufacturing cost is high, and the track plate is prone to warp defects under the influence of the daily temperature difference.
  • the slab ballastless track prestressed concrete track slab of the present invention has the characteristics of light weight, low structural height, low manufacturing cost and low deformation.
  • First embodiment of a slab ballastless track pretensioned prestressed concrete track slab Fig. 10 to Fig. 14 are structural views of a first embodiment of a slab ballastless track pretensioned prestressed concrete track slab. As shown in FIG. 10 to FIG. 14 , the slab ballastless track pretensioning prestressed concrete track slab of the present invention comprises: a plate body 101.
  • the plate body 101 is provided with a fastener pre-embedded sleeve 104, which can be adjusted by a buckle.
  • the position of the pre-embedded sleeve 104 is adjusted to adjust the rail fastener spacing to suit different operating conditions.
  • Two rows of longitudinal ordinary steel bars 109 and two rows of horizontal ordinary steel bars 110 are disposed in the length and width direction of the plate body 101, and four rows of longitudinal prestressed steel bars 108 and a row are further disposed in the plate body 101 along the length direction and the width direction.
  • the prestressing direction of the transverse prestressed reinforcing bars 107 on the longitudinal prestressed reinforcing bars 108 and the transverse prestressed reinforcing bars 107 is a two-way pretension.
  • a concrete shoulder 102 is also provided on the plate body 101, and the concrete shoulder 102 can be cast into the body 101 during the production.
  • Ordinary steel bars 109, 110 can be made of resin steel bar or insulating coating, insulation card, etc., and grounding terminal 112 is also provided at the ordinary steel bar to meet the technical requirements of track circuit insulation, wherein the resin steel bar has a tree on the outer surface. Grease coated steel bars.
  • the number of rows of the longitudinal ordinary reinforcing bars 109 and the transverse ordinary reinforcing bars 110 are two rows, but may be set to one or more rows (for example, three rows) as needed, and similarly, the prestressed reinforcing bars 108 and the transverse prestressing force.
  • the number of rows of the reinforcing bars 107 can also be set to one or more rows as needed.
  • the longitudinal prestressed steel bars 108 and the transversely prestressed steel bars 107 may be steel bars, steel wires or steel strands.
  • At least one set of lifting sleeves 103 are respectively disposed opposite to each other in the longitudinal direction on both sides in the width direction of the plate body 101, and in order to improve the strength of the lifting sleeve 103 and the surrounding concrete, around the lifting sleeve 103 A spiral rib 106 is provided in the concrete.
  • Reinforcing bars 111 are protruded from the bottom of the plate body 1 for positioning and longitudinal and lateral positioning of the plate body 101 during line installation.
  • At least one filling layer pouring hole 105 penetrating the plate body 101 is further disposed on the plate body 101, and the reinforcing steel bar 111 is fixed by pouring concrete from the pouring hole 105.
  • the present invention may also be provided with a semi-circular notch on the short sides of the plate body 101 instead of using the extension rebar 111 as a limiting structure. In this case, it is not necessary to infuse the filling layer of the plate body 101. Hole 105.
  • the concrete shoulder 102 can also be changed to a rail-bearing table. Alternatively, the concrete shoulder 102 or the track-bearing table can be omitted as needed.
  • the longitudinal prestressed reinforcing bars and the transversely prestressed reinforcing bars are fastened by the anchor pad and the fastening means, as shown in Fig.
  • FIG. 15 is a structural schematic view of a second embodiment of a slab ballastless track pretensioned prestressed concrete track slab. As shown in Fig. 15, the prestressed concrete track plate shown in this embodiment has a hollow portion 114 formed in the plate body 101 to form a prestressed concrete frame type track plate.
  • the overall flat plate type track plate Since the hollow portion 114 is opened in the middle of the plate body 101, the overall flat plate type track plate has a relatively large self-weight in the ballastless track structure, is inconvenient to transport and lay, and has high manufacturing cost, and the track is affected by the daily temperature difference.
  • the board is prone to warp defects.
  • the utility model has the advantages of light weight structure, low manufacturing cost and low deformation. By prestressing the steel bars, the track plates are not cracked under the design load.
  • Other structural arrangements, advantages, and effects of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
  • the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Description

板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板 技术领域 本发明涉及一种可广泛适用于高速铁路、 客运专线、 一般铁路及城市和城际交通 的轨道板, 例如板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板和板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝 土轨道板。 背景技术 到 2020年, 我国铁路营业总里程将达到 10万公里, 要建设 "四纵四横"快速客运 专线及三处城际快速轨道交通系统, 实现主要繁忙干线客货分线运输。 客运专线列车 运行的安全性和舒适性, 对轨道的平顺性、 稳定性提出了更高的要求, 也带来了我国 线路设施方面技术路线的深刻变革。 目前, 我国铁路普遍采用有砟轨道,有砟轨道因列车的反复通过而道床逐渐松弛, 平顺度变差, 维修作业量大, 并且养护维修所需要的工作量和时间阻碍铁路提速发展。 法国是以有砟轨道为代表的高速铁路国家, 一直以有砟轨道能够以 270~300km/h 运营而感到骄傲。 但后来发现早期建造的东南线、 大西洋线, 道砟粉化严重, 轨道几 何尺寸难于保持, 维修周期缩短, 维修费用大大增加, 甚至影响正常的运营, 使用不 到 10年不得不全面大修, 更换道砟。 无砟轨道技术发展比较成熟的主要国家是德国和日本。 日本板式轨道基本构成比 较统一, 但对于不同线路等级、 不同自然条件、 不同基础条件、 不同车速和运营条件 其构造与尺寸略有不同。 目前定型的板式轨道有普通 A型、 框架型及在特殊减振区段 实用的减振 G型等。 我国对无砟轨道的研究始于 20世纪 60年代。 与国外的研究几乎同步。 初期试铺 过支承块式、 短木枕式、 整体灌注式等整体道床以及框架式沥青道床等多种型式。 在 成昆线、京原线、京通线、南疆线的隧道内铺设过长度约 300km的支承块式无砟轨道。 后来试铺过由沥青混凝土铺装层与宽枕组成的沥青混凝土无砟轨道, 全部铺设在大型 客站和隧道内。在京九线九江长江大桥上还铺设过无砟无枕结构。 目前我国高速铁路、 客运专线、 城市和城际交通建设正逐步展开, 由于列车运营速度更高且维养时间少, 所以需要充分考虑无砟轨道的舒适性、 稳定性、 耐久性和少维修性。 世界各国的高速铁路多采用无砟轨道系统。无砟轨道主要有板式和双块式两大类。 以日本后张轨道板和德国博格板为代表的板式无砟轨道与双块式无砟轨道相比具有明 显的优越性。 我国自在秦沈线和遂渝线开始试用后张轨道板, 后在京津城际高速铁路采用博格 板以来, 高速铁路无砟轨道迅猛发展。工程实践表明, 这两种轨道板均存在明显缺陷, 有待改进。 发明内容 本发明旨在提供一种结构自重轻、 结构高度低、 制造成本低且不易变形的适应铁 路轨道电路的轨道板, 例如板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板和板式无砟轨道先张法 预应力混凝土轨道板。 为了实现上述目的, 根据本发明的一个方面, 提供了一种板式无砟轨道预应力混 凝土轨道板, 它包括: 板体, 在板体上设置有扣件预埋套管, 在板体内沿长度和宽度 方向设置有至少一排纵向普通钢筋和至少一排横向普通钢筋, 所述纵向普通钢筋与所 述横向普通钢筋之间彼此绝缘, 在板体内沿长度方向和宽度方向还通过锚垫板及紧固 装置紧固有至少一排纵向预应力钢筋和至少一排横向预应力钢筋, 在所述纵向预应力 钢筋和所述横向预应力钢筋上的预应力方向为双向后张或一向先张一向后张, 在所述 板体上还设置有限位结构和接地端子。 根据本发明的另一方面, 提供了一种板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝土轨道板, 它包括: 板体, 在板体上设置有扣件预埋套管, 在板体内沿长度和宽度方向设置有至 少一排纵向普通钢筋和至少一排横向普通钢筋, 所述纵向普通钢筋与所述横向普通钢 筋之间彼此绝缘, 在板体内沿长度方向和宽度方向还设置有至少一排纵向预应力钢筋 和至少一排横向预应力钢筋, 在所述纵向预应力钢筋和所述横向预应力钢筋上的预应 力方向为双向先张, 在所述板体上还设置有限位结构和接地端子。 根据本发明的另一方面, 提供了一种轨道板, 包括: 板体, 在板体内沿长度和宽 度方向设置有至少一排纵向钢筋和至少一排横向钢筋, 纵向钢筋与横向钢筋之间彼此 绝缘, 在板体内沿长度方向和宽度方向还设置有至少一排纵向预应力钢筋和至少一排 横向预应力钢筋, 在板体上还设置有限位结构和接地端子。 本发明由于采用上述技术方案, 而具有以下特点: 1、本发明的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板和板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝 土轨道板, 可便于板底粘贴弹性垫层, 实现对下部基础的减振; 在有砟和无砟轨道间 的过渡段可便于在混凝土轨道板上铺设辅助轨, 增加轨排的竖向抗弯刚度; 混凝土轨 道板自重相对较轻、 结构高度低, 通过施加预应力 (预应力方向为双向后张或一向先 张一向后张或双向先张),可保证混凝土在设计荷载作用下不开裂; 可满足高速和重载 列车运行的安全性和平稳性的要求。 同时, 对于预应力双向先张的技术方案, 通过施 加双向先张预应力, 可以解决后张轨道板的锚具造价较高等问题。
2、在本发明的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板和板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混 凝土轨道板中设置有纵横向普通钢筋, 可采用树脂钢筋或绝缘涂层、 绝缘卡等措施, 以满足轨道电路绝缘的技术要求, 不仅解决了板式无砟轨道与铁路信号系统之间的冲 突, 满足了轨道电路的技术要求, 而且相比于其它结构, 在采取绝缘方式时其制造过 程简便、 质量易于保证。 纵横向普通钢筋可绑扎为钢筋网片, 方便整体入模, 可增加 钢筋定位精度, 节约生产时间。
3、本发明的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板和板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝 土轨道板的自重轻, 结构高度低, 制造成本低, 运输和铺设方便, 日温差对轨道板的 翘曲影响小, 充填层材料的用量减少。
4、本发明的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板和板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝 土轨道板, 可在板面设置承轨台, 以满足严寒地区积雪和雨水的排出、 减少风沙和盐 渍土地区扣件的损伤和便于养护维修等。 附图说明 构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 本发明的示 意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明, 并不构成对本发明的不当限定。 在附图中: 图 1是本发明的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板的第一实施例的主视结构示意 图; 图 2是本发明的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板的第一实施例的俯视示意图; 图 3是本发明的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板的第一实施例的预应力钢筋示 意图; 图 4是本发明的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板的第一实施例的普通钢筋示意 图 5是本发明提出的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板的第二实施例的主视结构 示意图; 图 6是本发明的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板的第二实施例的俯视示意图; 图 7是本发明的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板的第二实施例的预应力钢筋示 意图; 图 8是本发明的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板的第二实施例的普通钢筋示意 图; 图 9是本发明提出的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板的第三实施例的俯视结构 示意图; 图 10 是本发明的板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝土轨道板的第一实施例的主视 结构示意图; 图 11 是本发明的板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝土轨道板的第一实施例的俯视 示意图; 图 12 是本发明的板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝土轨道板的第一实施例的预应 力钢筋示意图; 图 13 是本发明的板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝土轨道板的第一实施例的锚垫 板结构示意图; 图 14 是本发明的板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝土轨道板的第一实施例的普通 钢筋示意图; 以及 图 15 是本发明的板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝土轨道板的第二实施例的俯视 结构示意图。 具体实施方式 需要说明的是, 在不冲突的情况下, 本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相 互组合。 下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。 板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板的第一实施例 图 1至图 4为本发明的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板的第一实施例的结构示 意图。 如图所示, 本发明的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板包括: 板体 1, 在板体 1 上设置有扣件预埋套管 4, 可以通过调整扣件预埋套管 4的位置来调整钢轨扣件间距 以适应不同运营条件要求。在板体 1内沿长度和宽度方向设置有一排纵向普通钢筋 11 和一排横向普通钢筋 12, 在板体 1内沿长度方向和宽度方向还通过锚垫板及紧固装置 8紧固有一排纵向预应力钢筋 7和一排横向预应力钢筋 6,在纵向预应力钢筋 7和横向 预应力钢筋 6上的预应力方向为双向后张或一向先张一向后张。 优选地, 锚垫板设置 在板体的横向端部和 /或纵向端部。 在板体 1上还设置有承轨台 2, 在制作时, 可以将 承轨台 2与板体 1一体浇铸。 为了提高锚穴孔强度, 在锚垫板及紧固装置 8周围的混 凝土内设有螺旋筋 9。 普通钢筋 11、 12可采用树脂钢筋或绝缘涂层、 绝缘卡等措施, 以实现彼此绝缘, 并且在普通钢筋处还设置有接地端子 10, 以满足轨道电路绝缘的技 术要求, 其中, 树脂钢筋为外表面具有树脂涂层的钢筋。 如图 4 所示, 接地端子 10 与上排普通钢筋 11相连。在第一实施例中, 纵向普通钢筋 11和横向普通钢筋 12的排 数为一排, 但是根据需要可以设置为多排, 同样, 纵向预应力钢筋 7和横向预应力钢 筋 6的排数也可根据需要设为多排。 纵向预应力钢筋 7和横向预应力钢筋 6可以为钢 棒、 钢丝或钢绞线。 此外, 图中示出的接地端子 10与上排普通钢筋 11相连, 但是也 可将接地端子 10与下排普通钢筋相连。在板体 1宽度方向的两侧沿长度方向还分别相 对设有至少一组起吊套管 3, 为了提高所述起吊套管 3及其周围混凝土的强度, 在所 述起吊套管 3周围混凝土内设有螺旋筋 13。在板体 1的两短边侧还分别设置有半圆形 缺口 5, 用于板体 1在线路安装时的定位和纵横向限位。 板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板的第二实施例 图 5至图 8为本发明的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板的第二实施例的结构示 意图。 如图 5至图 8所示, 本发明的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板包括: 板体 1, 在板体 1上设置有扣件预埋套管 4, 可以通过调整扣件预埋套管 4的位置来调整钢轨 扣件间距以适应不同运营条件要求。 在板体 1内沿长度和宽度方向设置有一排纵向普 通钢筋 11和一排横向普通钢筋 12, 在板体 1 内沿长度方向和宽度方向还通过锚垫板 及紧固装置 8紧固有一排纵向预应力钢筋 7和一排横向预应力钢筋 6, 在纵向预应力 钢筋 7和横向预应力钢筋 6上的预应力方向为双向后张或一向先张一向后张。 在板体 1上还设置有混凝土挡肩 15, 在制作时, 可以将混凝土挡肩 15与板体 1一体浇铸。 为 了提高锚穴孔强度, 在锚垫板及紧固装置 8周围的混凝土内设有螺旋筋 9。 普通钢筋 11、 12可采用树脂钢筋或绝缘涂层、 绝缘卡等措施, 并且在普通钢筋处还设置有接地 端子 10, 以满足轨道电路绝缘的技术要求, 其中, 树脂钢筋为外表面具有树脂涂层的 钢筋。 在第一实施例中, 纵向普通钢筋 11和横向普通钢筋 12的排数为一排, 但是根 据需要可以设置为多排, 同样, 预应力钢筋 7和横向预应力钢筋 6的排数也可根据需 要设为多排。 纵向预应力钢筋 7和横向预应力钢筋 6可以为钢棒、 钢丝或钢绞线。 此 夕卜, 在板体 1 宽度方向的两侧沿长度方向还分别相对设有至少一组起吊套管 3, 为了 提高所述起吊套管 3及其周围混凝土的强度, 在所述起吊套管 3周围混凝土内设有螺 旋筋 13。在板体 1的板底伸出钢筋 26,用于板体 1在线路安装时的定位和纵横向限位。 在所述板体 1上还设置有至少一个贯通板体 1的充填层灌注孔 18,通过从该灌注孔 18 中灌注混凝土, 从而固定伸出钢筋 26。
板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板的第三实施例 第三实施例与第一实施例的结构基本相同, 因此相同的部分不再赘述, 以下主要 描述第三实施例与第一实施例的不同之处。 图 9为本发明的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板的第三实施例的结构示意图。 如图 9所示, 在第三实施例的板体 1的中部开设有中空部 29, 由此克服了在无砟 轨道结构中整体平板型轨道板存在的自重相对较大, 不便于运输和铺设, 制造成本高, 在日温差影响下轨道板易产生翘曲的缺陷。 具有结构自重轻、 制造成本低且不易变形 的优点。 通过对钢筋施加预应力, 使轨道板在设计荷载的作用下不开裂。 综上所述, 本发明的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板的具有结构自重轻、 结构 高度低、 制造成本低且不易变形的特点。 板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝土轨道板的第一实施例 图 10至图 14为板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝土轨道板的第一实施例的结构示 意图。 如图 10至 14所示,本发明的板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝土轨道板,其包括: 板体 101, 在板体 101 上设置有扣件预埋套管 104, 可以通过调整扣件预埋套管 104 的位置来调整钢轨扣件间距以适应不同运营条件要求。 在板体 101 内沿长度和宽度方 向设置有两排纵向普通钢筋 109和两排横向普通钢筋 110, 在板体 101 内沿长度方向 和宽度方向还设置有四排纵向预应力钢筋 108和一排横向预应力钢筋 107, 在纵向预 应力钢筋 108和横向预应力钢筋 107上的预应力方向为双向先张。 在板体 101上还设 置有混凝土挡肩 102, 在制作时, 可以将混凝土挡肩 102与板体 101—体浇铸。 普通 钢筋 109、 110可采用树脂钢筋或绝缘涂层、 绝缘卡等措施, 并且在普通钢筋处还设置 有接地端子 112, 以满足轨道电路绝缘的技术要求, 其中, 树脂钢筋为外表面具有树 脂涂层的钢筋。 在第一实施例中, 纵向普通钢筋 109和横向普通钢筋 110的排数为两 排, 但是根据需要可以设置为一排或多排(例如三排), 同样, 预应力钢筋 108和横向 预应力钢筋 107的排数也可根据需要设为一排或多排。 纵向预应力钢筋 108和横向预 应力钢筋 107可以为钢棒、 钢丝或钢绞线。 此外, 在板体 101宽度方向的两侧沿长度 方向还分别相对设有至少一组起吊套管 103, 为了提高所述起吊套管 103及其周围混 凝土的强度, 在所述起吊套管 103周围混凝土内设有螺旋筋 106。 在板体 1的板底伸 出钢筋 111, 用于板体 101在线路安装时的定位和纵横向限位。 在所述板体 101上还 设置有至少一个贯通板体 101的充填层灌注孔 105, 通过从该灌注孔 105中灌注混凝 土, 从而固定伸出钢筋 111。 此外, 本发明也可以不采用伸出钢筋 111作为限位结构, 而采用在板体 101的两短边侧分别设置有半圆形缺口,在此情况下,无需贯通板体 101 的充填层灌注孔 105。 另外混凝土挡肩 102也可以改为承轨台, 另外, 也可以根据需 要不设置混凝土挡肩 102或承轨台。 优选地, 纵向预应力钢筋和横向预应力钢筋通过锚垫板及紧固装置紧固, 如图 13 所示, 锚垫板 113设置在板体 101的横向端部和 /或纵向端部。 板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝土轨道板的第二实施例 图 15为板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝土轨道板的第二实施例的结构示意图。 如图 15所示,本实施例所示的预应力混凝土轨道板,在板体 101开有中空部 114, 从而形成预应力混凝土框架式轨道板。 由于板体 101的中部开设有中空部 114, 因此, 克服了在无砟轨道结构中整体平板型轨道板存在的自重相对较大,不便于运输和铺设, 制造成本高, 在日温差影响下轨道板易产生翘曲的缺陷。 具有结构自重轻、 制造成本 低且不易变形的优点。通过对钢筋施加预应力, 使轨道板在设计荷载的作用下不开裂。 本实施例的其它结构布置, 优点和效果与第一实施例相同, 在此不再赘述。 以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已, 并不用于限制本发明, 对于本领域的技 术人员来说, 本发明可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内, 所作的 任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板, 它包括: 板体, 在板体上设置有扣件 预埋套管, 其特征在于,
在板体内沿长度和宽度方向设置有至少一排纵向普通钢筋和至少一排横向 普通钢筋, 所述纵向普通钢筋与所述横向普通钢筋之间彼此绝缘, 在板体内沿 长度方向和宽度方向还通过锚垫板及紧固装置紧固有至少一排纵向预应力钢筋 和至少一排横向预应力钢筋, 在所述纵向预应力钢筋和所述横向预应力钢筋上 的预应力方向为双向后张或一向先张一向后张, 在所述板体上还设置有限位结 构和接地端子。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板, 其特征在于, 在锚 垫板及紧固装置周围的混凝土内设有螺旋筋。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板, 其特征在于, 在所 述板体宽度方向的两侧沿长度方向还分别相对设有至少一组起吊套管。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板, 其特征在于, 在所 述起吊套管周围的混凝土内设有螺旋筋。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板, 其特征在于, 所述 普通钢筋为树脂钢筋。
6. 根据权利要求 1所述的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板, 其特征在于, 所述 限位结构是在板体的两短边侧分别设置有半圆形缺口。
7. 根据权利要求 1所述的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板, 其特征在于, 所述 限位结构是在板体底部伸出钢筋, 在所述板体上设置有至少一个贯通板体的充 填层灌注孔。
8. 根据权利要求 1或 6所述的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板, 其特征在于, 在所述板体上还设置有承轨台, 所述承轨台与板体为一体结构。
9. 根据权利要求 1或 7所述的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板, 其特征在于, 在所述板体上还设置有挡肩, 所述挡肩与板体为一体结构。
10. 根据权利要求 1所述的板式无砟轨道预应力混凝土轨道板, 其特征在于, 在所 述板体的中部开设有中空部。
11. 一种板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝土轨道板, 它包括: 板体, 在板体上设置 有扣件预埋套管, 其特征在于,
在板体内沿长度和宽度方向设置有至少一排纵向普通钢筋和至少一排横向 普通钢筋, 所述纵向普通钢筋与所述横向普通钢筋之间彼此绝缘, 在板体内沿 长度方向和宽度方向还设置有至少一排纵向预应力钢筋和至少一排横向预应力 钢筋, 在所述纵向预应力钢筋和所述横向预应力钢筋上的预应力方向为双向先 张, 在所述板体上还设置有限位结构和接地端子。
12. 根据权利要求 11 所述的板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝土轨道板, 其特征在 于,在所述板体宽度方向的两侧沿长度方向还分别相对设有至少一组起吊套管。
13. 根据权利要求 12 所述的板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝土轨道板, 其特征在 于, 在所述起吊套管周围的混凝土内设有螺旋筋。
14. 根据权利要求 11 所述的板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝土轨道板, 其特征在 于, 所述普通钢筋为树脂钢筋。
15. 根据权利要求 11 所述的板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝土轨道板, 其特征在 于, 所述限位结构是在板体的两短边侧分别设置有半圆形缺口。
16. 根据权利要求 11 所述的板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝土轨道板, 其特征在 于, 所述限位结构是在板体底部伸出钢筋, 在所述板体上设置有至少一个贯通 板体的充填层灌注孔。
17. 根据权利要求 11、 15或 16所述的板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝土轨道板, 其特征在于, 在所述板体上还设置有承轨台, 所述承轨台与板体为一体结构。
18. 根据权利要求 11、 15或 16所述的板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝土轨道板, 其特征在于, 在所述板体上还设置有混凝土挡肩, 所述混凝土挡肩与板体为一 体结构。
19. 根据权利要求 11 所述的板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝土轨道板, 其特征在 于, 在所述板体的中部开设有中空部。
20. 根据权利要求 11 所述的板式无砟轨道先张法预应力混凝土轨道板, 其特征在 于, 所述纵向预应力钢筋和横向预应力钢筋通过锚垫板及紧固装置紧固, 所述 锚垫板位于所述板体的横向端部和 /或纵向端部。
21. 一种轨道板, 包括: 板体, 其特征在于,
在板体内沿长度和宽度方向设置有至少一排纵向钢筋和至少一排横向钢 筋, 所述纵向钢筋与所述横向钢筋之间彼此绝缘, 在板体内沿长度方向和宽度 方向还设置有至少一排纵向预应力钢筋和至少一排横向预应力钢筋, 在所述板 体上还设置有限位结构和接地端子。
22. 根据权利要求 21所述的轨道板,其特征在于,在板体内沿长度方向和宽度方向 通过锚垫板及紧固装置紧固有至少一排纵向预应力钢筋和至少一排横向预应力 钢筋, 在所述锚垫板及所述紧固装置周围的混凝土内设有螺旋筋。
23. 根据权利要求 21所述的轨道板,其特征在于,在所述板体宽度方向的两侧沿长 度方向还分别相对设有至少一组起吊套管。
24. 根据权利要求 23所述的轨道板,其特征在于,在所述起吊套管周围的混凝土内 设有螺旋筋。
25. 根据权利要求 21所述的轨道板,其特征在于,所述限位结构是在板体的两短边 侧分别设置有半圆形缺口。
26. 根据权利要求 21所述的轨道板,其特征在于,所述限位结构是在板体底部伸出 钢筋, 在所述板体上设置有至少一个贯通板体的充填层灌注孔。 根据权利要求 21所述的轨道板,其特征在于,在所述板体的中部开设有中空部。
28. 根据权利要求 22所述的轨道板,其特征在于,所述锚垫板位于所述板体的横向 端部和 /或纵向端部。
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