WO2012076159A1

WO2012076159A1 - Kiln furniture

Info

Publication number: WO2012076159A1
Application number: PCT/EP2011/006115
Authority: WO
Inventors: Detlef Brands
Original assignee: Schunk Ingenieurkeramik Gmbh
Priority date: 2010-12-11
Filing date: 2011-12-07
Publication date: 2012-06-14
Also published as: DE102010054205B4; DE102010054205A1

Abstract

The invention relates to kiln furniture for receiving a firing product in order to fire ceramic objects in a kiln, comprising at least two elongated profiled sections (2, 3) which are fixed in a mutually spaced manner parallel to each other, lateral rods (4) being insertable into said sections for mechanically connecting to the profiled sections (2, 3) in a removable manner and as supports for the firing product. Each elongated profiled section (2, 3) has an axially extending longitudinal slot (8) with detent depressions (9) for removably producing and maintaining preferred positions of the lateral rods (4), and at least one lateral slot (10) for introducing lateral rods (4) is arranged on the longitudinal slot (8).

Description

kiln furniture

The invention relates to a kiln furniture for receiving firing material for firing ceramic articles in a furnace according to the preamble of claim 1.

From EP 1 870 653 B1, a kiln furniture in the form of a setting rack for receiving kiln material during a kiln firing is known which comprises a number of bars which are fixed in the manner of a grate for bearing the kiln over at least two bars spaced from each other. So that the setting frame can make do with a comparatively low mass as a stable base for the kiln, it is provided that at least two bars each form a plug-in strip with a number of plug-in openings for the bars. The insertion openings are passage openings through which the rods can be inserted transversely to the longitudinal direction of the bolt. By means of a in an inner through hole of the bolt insertable connector, the rods are fixed together on a bolt. The disadvantage is the requirement of inserting an additional connector. Another disadvantage is that the thermal mass and the degree of flexibilization of the kiln furniture are not yet sufficiently optimized.

From US Pat. No. 6,644,966 B1, a setting frame with bars is also known, in which the bars are fixed in the manner of a grate spaced apart from each other by two bars. The bars have through openings into which the bar ends are inserted.

From DE 299 06 393 U1 it is known to use cassettes as kiln furniture. The respective blanks are placed on the cassettes for the fire. The cassettes with the blanks are stacked and placed in an oven. The cassette is made of a material having high heat resistance, i. z. B. made of a chamotte or ceramic material, for example of a magnesium-aluminum ceramic (eg cordierite). The cassette is H-shaped and consists essentially of a central, for example plate-shaped and rectangular in plan view part, and two integrally formed on the opposite narrow sides of the central part webs. As a support for the blank, two support pieces or support strips are provided at the top of the middle part of the cassette, which are also made of a material having high heat resistance. By the support pieces / support strips ensures that the bearing surfaces for the respective blanks are low. The disadvantage is that the systems formed on the cassettes must fit the blanks and also pollute over time. It is therefore intended to form the systems exchangeable en the respective cassette.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a kiln furniture whose thermal mass and its degree of flexibilization are better optimized.

This object is solved by the features of claim 1. As a result, a kiln furniture is created, the structural design allows a multi-functional use as a support for kiln or blanks. A high degree of flexibility in the use of kiln furniture is thus guaranteed. The profiles according to the invention form a support frame with integrable transverse bars. The kiln furniture is skeletal buildable with crossbars, the cross bars are detachably positioned, where a respective burning blank needs support points. The positioning is effected by a positive guidance of the transverse rod ends towards predetermined locking recesses whose spatial position can be adjusted by specifications.

The profiles have preferably individually arranged recesses as latching depressions in which the transverse rods, on which the kiln or blanks are supported, are positioned. The detent depressions branch off from a longitudinal slot. The course of the longitudinal slot determines an arrangement pattern of the detent recesses, since the longitudinal slot forms the feed to the various detent recesses. The latching depressions can branch off on one, two and / or end of the longitudinal slot. The respective longitudinal slot can extend rectilinearly or arcuately and forms for one end of a transverse bar a positive guidance to the locking recesses connected to the longitudinal slot. The longitudinal slot has a lateral inlet groove for insertion of one end of the transverse rods in the longitudinal slot.

For the respective product range of the customer to be burned, a selectable introduction of transverse bars can take place, for which purpose preferably only one determinable selection of recesses is occupied by transverse bars by a preset plurality of openings. The support points are provided by the individual introduction of transverse rods, which form a support geometry. According to adjustable specifications, the cross bars can be arranged in different recesses. The arrangement of the cross bars can be changed. With simple geometries of the arrangement of the cross bars, a minimal but adequate support of the burning goods can be achieved. Such a structure reduces possible flames on the burning Goods, especially roof tiles, and thus has a positive impact on the quality of the fuel.

The kiln furniture according to the invention optimizes the thermal mass, since only those cross bars need to be used, which are required to support a particular fuel. This results in lower energy costs compared to known kiln furniture. Furthermore, the production costs are low. Extruded profiles can also be used as profiles.

Preferably, the profiles have a repeat sequence of recesses, wherein each repeat is characterized by the arrangement of a series of transverse bars, which is required to support a kiln. Such a sequence of transverse bars forms an adapter for supporting a combustible material. Along the profiles, a number of adapters corresponding to a number of blanks to be fired are preferably arranged one behind the other.

The kiln furniture can also be used as a stackable and / or rotatable cassette, since the logistical effort in a production change in the furnace is significantly reduced.

Preferably, the kiln furniture consists of a ceramic, in particular a technical SiC ceramic, resulting in advantages in terms of production life and fatigue life. Lower thermal masses are possible due to the material as well as shape-related possible.

Further embodiments of the invention are described in the following description and the dependent claims.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings.

1 shows schematically a perspective view of a kiln furniture, 2 shows schematically a top view of the kiln furniture according to FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows a section BB according to FIG. 2, FIG.

4 shows a section A-A according to FIG. 2.

The invention relates to a kiln furniture 1 for receiving fuel for the burning of ceramic objects in an oven.

As FIGS. 1 to 4 show, the kiln furniture 1 comprises at least two elongated profiles 2, 3 fixed parallel to one another, into which transverse bars 4 for releasable mechanical connection with the profiles 2, 3 can be inserted. A plurality of transverse bars 4 are arranged along a selectable length of the profiles 2, 3, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. End of the profiles 2, 3 locking bolt 5, 6 are provided, which fix the profiles 2, 3 parallel to each other and at a distance. The cross bars 4 form supports for the kiln. The cross bars 4 are arranged distributed selectively in the longitudinal direction of the profiles 2, 3. Between the transverse bars 4 is virtually neutral area.

The profiles 2, 3 define by their length and height a positioning space 7 for the cross bars 4, in which the cross bars 4 can take preference layers. The preferred layers preferably depend on the required support points per combustion blank, for example per roof tile format. The number of preferred layers per firing blank, i. in particular, the number of transverse rods 4, and their respective spatial position in the positioning 7 is adjustable.

For releasable arrangement of the transverse rods 4 in the preferred layers, the elongated profiles 2, 3 each have at least one axially extending longitudinal slot 8 with locking recesses 9 for releasably generating and maintaining preferred positions of the transverse rods 4. At the respective longitudinal slot 8 at least one opening for insertion of transverse bars 4 is further formed. This opening is preferably formed by an attached to the longitudinal slot 8 transverse slot 10. The at least one transverse slot 10 is preferably attached at right angles to the longitudinal slot 8 and forms an insertion. The cross bars 4 can be used with their ends on the aligned transverse slots 10 of the profiles 2, 3 on both sides in longitudinal slots 8 and inserted and positioned there by moving and occupying a predetermined locking recess 9.

The releasable mechanical connection of a respective cross bar 4 thus takes place via a plug-slide-latching movement in one of a plurality of detent recesses 9 selected detent recess 9. The assignment of detent recesses 9 with transverse bars 4 takes place depending on the size and shape of the fuel.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the respective transverse slot 10 is formed like a funnel with an inlet opening on the head side of the profiles 2, 3. The insertion / insertion of the cross bars 4 takes place by lateral introduction of the ends of the cross bars 4. The cross bars 4 are therefore not plugged in from the front. The assembly of transverse bars 4 is therefore easier and faster. The guided on both sides in a longitudinal slot 8 cross bars 4 are on the longitudinal slot 8, the locking recesses 9, which are to be occupied with cross bars 4, respectively. The cross bars 4 have diameters to which the detent recesses 9 are adapted for a preferably partial fit. The cross bars 4 can also be secured in locking recesses, for example by springs. The locking recesses are formed here as indentations or recesses, which are arranged on different contour lines. A height optimization of the support for firing is possible.

For a flexibility with respect to the preferred layers, a larger number of latching recesses 9 are formed along a longitudinal slot 8 than is usually necessary for a support of a combustion blank. The number and the spatial arrangement of the locking recesses 9 depends on the desired level of flexibility. For a particular combustion blank is then generally only a partial occupancy of locking recesses 9 by cross bars. 4 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the at least two profiles 2, 3 each have, for example, a number of longitudinal slots 8 arranged one behind the other. For this purpose, longitudinal slot modules 11 can be formed, which can each be formed with identically or differently positioned latching depressions 9. These modules 11 are each formed with a longitudinal slot 8 and locking recesses 9 and as interchangeable items in the respective profile 2, 3 inserted. As a result, adapters for a particular kiln with preferred layers for the cross bars 4 are optionally introduced into the profiles 2, 3. When changing the blanks to be burned then only the longitudinal slot modules 1 need to be replaced.

The profiles 2, 3 and the transverse rods 4 of the kiln furniture preferably consist of a ceramic. The ceramic is preferably a SiC ceramic. In particular, the following materials can also be used as materials for the kiln furniture: silicon-infiltrated, reaction-bonded SiC (RBSiC); siliconized, recrystallized SiC (SiSiC); recrystallized SiC (RSiC); silicon nitride bonded SiC (NSiC); pressureless sintered SiC (SSiC); liquid phase sintered SiC (SSiC); Silica-bound SiC. Suitable alternative materials are: mullite-bound Al 2 O 3; Corundum; sillimanite; Al2O3; Zircon silicate; Cordierite / mullite.

The profiles 2, 3 are preferably formed as C-profiles. The transverse rods 4 are preferably solid rods, in particular round rods. Mass-optimized struts are selectable, in conjunction with a stable plug-in system. The at least two profiles 2, 3 with releasably inserted cross bars 4 can form a stackable cassette for kiln. It also large cassettes or large frames for the burning of large-size burn blanks can be formed. For stacking the profiles 2, 3, stacking surfaces 5, 6 may be formed on the locking bolts 5, 6.

Finally, the kiln furniture according to the invention also allows a higher loading, since the combustion blanks can be placed closer to each other.

Claims

claims

1. kiln furniture for receiving firing material for the firing of ceramic objects in an oven with at least two parallel spaced fixed, elongated profiles (2, 3), in the transverse rods (4) for releasable mechanical connection with the profiles (2, 3) and can be plugged as supports for the kiln, characterized in that the elongate profiles (2, 3) each having an axially extending longitudinal slot (8) with locking recesses (9) for releasably generating and maintaining preferred positions of the transverse rods (4) and at the longitudinal slot (8) at least one opening for inserting transverse bars (4) is attached.

2. kiln furniture according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening is formed by a transverse slot (10).

3. kiln furniture according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least one transverse slot (10) at right angles to the longitudinal slot (8) is attached.

4. kiln furniture according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the releasable mechanical connection of a respective transverse bar (4) via a plug-slide-latching movement in one of a plurality of locking recesses (9) selected latching recess (9).

5. kiln furniture according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that an assignment of locking recesses (9) with transverse bars (4) takes place in dependence on the size and shape of the kiln.

6. kiln furniture according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the at least two profiles (2, 3) each have a number of successively arranged modules (11) each having a longitudinal slot (8) with locking recesses (9) record, which are arranged interchangeable to form an adapter for a particular kiln with preferred positions of the transverse rods (4).

7. kiln furniture according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the profiles (2, 3) and the transverse rods (4) consist of a ceramic.

8. kiln furniture according to claim 7, characterized in that the ceramic is a SiC ceramic.

9. kiln furniture according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the profiles (2, 3) are designed as C-profiles.

10. kiln furniture according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the latching depressions (9) are formed as indentations, which are arranged on different contour lines.

11. kiln furniture according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the at least two profiles (2, 3) with releasably inserted transverse bars (4) form a stackable cassette for kiln.