EP0330866B1 - Superstructure for heating furnace cars - Google Patents
Superstructure for heating furnace cars Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0330866B1 EP0330866B1 EP89102061A EP89102061A EP0330866B1 EP 0330866 B1 EP0330866 B1 EP 0330866B1 EP 89102061 A EP89102061 A EP 89102061A EP 89102061 A EP89102061 A EP 89102061A EP 0330866 B1 EP0330866 B1 EP 0330866B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- attachment
- supports
- bars
- support
- shoe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D5/00—Supports, screens, or the like for the charge within the furnace
- F27D5/0006—Composite supporting structures
Definitions
- the invention relates to an attachment for kiln cars, formed from a plurality of brackets attached to the kiln car, consisting of hollow profiles with a rectangular cross section, bores, beams hinged to the supports and plates or grids which rest on the beams.
- attachments In order to make better use of the combustion chamber of tunnel kilns and to reduce the energy requirement when burning ceramic products such as porcelain, sanitary products, insulators, etc., structures or attachments are increasingly being used which enable the furnace chamber to be stacked more effectively on the kiln car.
- the attachments consist of several vertical supports which are embedded in the kiln car or screwed or jammed to the car. They hold horizontal bars on which plates or grids rest to receive the firing material, the strength and spacing of which are adapted to the dimensions of the firing material.
- hollow beams and slabs with a small thickness are generally used.
- all parts of the attachment are made of ceramic materials that are stable at least at the firing temperatures, especially silicon carbide or cordierite.
- the effort for the processing of the brittle and hard ceramics is much greater than for example the processing of wood or metal, so that the solutions for connecting the individual elements of an attachment, e.g. Single or multiple pinning or mortising with or without knot elements are unsuitable for the positive connection of supports and beams.
- the invention has for its object to simplify the height adjustment of the floors of the essay so that their distance can be adjusted in a short period of time to the height of the fuel.
- each support 2 a pin 6 provided with a groove 10 is inserted, at least one sleeve-like shoe 4 having a projection 5 is fitted onto each support 2 is, engages in the groove 10 and is held by the pin 6 and the bars 7 rest on the projections.
- the supports of the attachment are expediently formed from hollow profiles which have a rectangular, expediently square cross section and are provided with holes on at least one surface.
- the position of the floor is determined by the spacing of the holes, so that if only firing material with a greater height is to be fired, a larger hole spacing is sufficient.
- the bores expediently extend through two parallel walls of the hollow profile, but bores which penetrate only one wall and end in the opposite parallel wall as a blind hole are preferred.
- the advantage of this solution is the smaller weakening of the supports.
- a pin which is provided with a groove, is embedded in at least one hole in each support.
- a sleeve-like shoe mounted on the support is supported on the pin and the connection is fixed by the shoe engaging in the groove. To release the connection, the shoe is pushed or pulled out of the groove and then the pin out of the hole.
- the shoe which can move freely in the longitudinal direction of the support, can be re-fixed above each hole by inserting a pin.
- Each shoe is provided with a projection on which the beams, which also expediently consist of hollow profiles, rest.
- the beams carry plates or grids on which the ceramic material to be fired is stacked.
- the elements of the attachment - the support, beams, shoes and pens are made of materials with high temperature resistance, especially silicon carbide.
- the shoes are expediently made by slip casting, the other elements by extrusion, so that the overall processing effort is very low.
- the essentially vertical supports 2 of the attachment which consist of a square hollow profile, are anchored in sleeves 3, which are fastened to the kiln support 1.
- Shoes 4, which have a projection 5, are pulled onto the supports 2 and held by pins which are embedded in bores 9 of the supports.
- the pins 6 have a groove 10 in which the wall 11 of the shoes 4 engages in a spring-like manner.
- the tongue and groove connection fixes the pin 6 and the shoe 4, on the overhang of which 5 bars 7 rest.
- the bars 7 carry plates 8 on which the firing material, not shown in the drawing, is stacked.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
- Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
- Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
Description
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Aufsatz für Brennwagen, gebildet aus mehreren am Brennwagen befestigten, aus Hohlprofilen mit rechteckigem Querschnitt bestehenden, Bohrungen aufweisende Stützen, an den Stützen angelenkten Balken und Platten oder Roste, die auf den Balken aufliegen.The invention relates to an attachment for kiln cars, formed from a plurality of brackets attached to the kiln car, consisting of hollow profiles with a rectangular cross section, bores, beams hinged to the supports and plates or grids which rest on the beams.
Zur besseren Ausnutzung des Brennraums von Tunnelöfen und zur Senkung des Energiebedarfs beim Brennen keramischer Produkte, wie Porzellan, Sanitärprodukten, Isolatoren usw. werden zunehmend Aufbauten oder Aufsätze verwendet, die eine den Ofenraum besser nutzende Stapelung des Brennguts auf den Brennwagen ermöglichen. Die Aufsätze bestehen aus mehreren vertikalen Stützen, die in den Brennwagen eingelassen oder mit dem Wagen verschraubt oder verklemmt sind. Sie halten horizontale Balken, auf denen zur Aufnahme des Brennguts Platten oder Roste ruhen, deren Stärke und Abstand den Maßen des Brennguts angepaßt sind. Zur Verringerung der Wärmekapazität des Aufsatzes verwendet man im allgemeinen Hohlbalken und Platten mit kleiner Dicke.In order to make better use of the combustion chamber of tunnel kilns and to reduce the energy requirement when burning ceramic products such as porcelain, sanitary products, insulators, etc., structures or attachments are increasingly being used which enable the furnace chamber to be stacked more effectively on the kiln car. The attachments consist of several vertical supports which are embedded in the kiln car or screwed or jammed to the car. They hold horizontal bars on which plates or grids rest to receive the firing material, the strength and spacing of which are adapted to the dimensions of the firing material. To reduce the heat capacity of the attachment, hollow beams and slabs with a small thickness are generally used.
Wegen der hohen Brenntemperatur der Keramikprodukte bestehen alle Teile des Aufsatzes, wie auch andere Brennhilfsmittel aus keramischen Werkstoffen, die wenigstens bei den Brenntemperaturen beständig sind, vor allem aus Siliciumcarbid oder Cordierit. Der Aufwand für die Bearbeitung der spröden und harten Keramik ist wesentlich größer als etwa die Bearbeitung von Holz oder Metall, so daß die im Fachwerkbau üblichen Lösungen zum Verbinden der einzelnen Elemente eines Aufsatzes, z.B. einfaches oder mehrfaches Verstiften oder Verzapfen mit oder ohne Knotenelemente, zur kraftschlüssigen Verbindung von Stützen und Balken ungeeignet sind.Because of the high firing temperature of the ceramic products, all parts of the attachment, like other firing aids, are made of ceramic materials that are stable at least at the firing temperatures, especially silicon carbide or cordierite. The effort for the processing of the brittle and hard ceramics is much greater than for example the processing of wood or metal, so that the solutions for connecting the individual elements of an attachment, e.g. Single or multiple pinning or mortising with or without knot elements are unsuitable for the positive connection of supports and beams.
Es ist vorgeschlagen worden, die Stützen mit horizontalen Bohrungen zu versehen und die mit Zapfen versehenen Balken in die Bohrungen einzurasten. Durch den Abstand der Bohrungen ist jeweils der Abstand der Balken festgelegt, so daß bei hinreichend kleinem Abstand der Bohrungen der freie Raum zwischen jeweils zwei Etagen des Aufsatzes der Höhe des Brennguts fast stufenlos eingepaßt werden kann. Dabei ist es wichtig, daß der Verbund eine Verschiebung der Balken ermöglicht, ohne daß der gesamte Aufsatz zerlegt werden muß. Schließlich ist bei dem Verbund dafür Sorge zu tragen, daß die anliegenden Kräfte nicht über Anrisse in den Bohrungen in die Stützen eingeleitet und Brüche ausgelöst werden.It has been proposed to provide the supports with horizontal holes and to snap the studded beams into the holes. The spacing of the bores determines the spacing of the beams, so that with a sufficiently small spacing between the bores, the free space between two levels of the top of the article can be adjusted almost continuously. It is important that the composite allows the beams to be moved without having to disassemble the entire attachment. Finally, the association must ensure that the applied forces are not introduced into the supports via cracks in the holes and breakages are triggered.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Höhenverstellung der Etagen des Aufsatzes so zu vereinfachen, daß ihr Abstand in einer kurzen Zeitspanne der Höhe des Brennguts angepaßt werden kann.The invention has for its object to simplify the height adjustment of the floors of the essay so that their distance can be adjusted in a short period of time to the height of the fuel.
Es ist Schließlich bekannt (GB-A- 121 251) an den vertikalen Stützen eines Brennwagenaufsatzes eine Reihe von Bohrungen vorzusehen, wobei in Bohrungen in der jeweils gewünschten Höhe Bohren eingestecht werden können, auf welcher Roste für die Auflagerung des Brenngutes aufliegen. Die Stabilität wird durch klemmen zur Verbindung der Roste hergestellt, die bei deren Höhenverstellung zweckmäßig zu entfernen und dann wieder anzubringen sind.Finally, it is known (GB-A-121 251) to provide a series of bores on the vertical supports of a top of a kiln, it being possible for holes to be inserted into bores at the desired height, on which grates rest for the storage of the items to be burned. The stability is achieved by clamping to connect the grids, which are expediently removed when the height is adjusted and then reinstalled.
Die Aufgabe wird mit einem Aufsatz für Brennwagen der beschriebenen Art dadurch gelöst, daß in wenigstens eine Bohrung 9, jeder Stütze 2 ein mit einer Nut 10 versehener Stift 6 eingelassen ist, wenigstens ein hülsenartiger, eine Auskragung 5 aufweisender Schuh 4 auf jede Stütze 2 aufgezogen ist, in die Nut 10 eingreift und von dem Stift 6 gehalten ist und die Balken 7 auf den Auskragungen aufliegen.The object is achieved with an attachment for kiln cars of the type described in that in at least one
Die Stützen des Aufsatzes sind zweckmäßig aus Hohlprofilen gebildet, die einen rechteckigen, zweckmäßig quadratischen Querschnitt haben und auf wenigstens einer Fläche mit Bohrungen versehen sind. Durch den Abstand der Bohrungen ist die Lage des Etagenbodens bestimmt, so daß falls ausschließlich Brenngut mit größerer Höhe gebrannt werden soll, ein größerer Bohrungsabstand ausreicht. Die Bohrungen erstrecken sich zweckmäßig durch zwei parallele Wände des Hohlprofils, bevorzugt werden aber Bohrungen, die nur eine Wand durchsetzen und in der gegenüberliegenden parallelen Wand als Sackloch enden. Der Vorteil dieser Lösung ist die kleinere Schwächung der Stützen. In jeder Stütze ist in wenigstens eine Bohrung ein Stift eingelassen, der mit einer Nut versehen ist. Ein auf die Stütze aufgezogener hülsenartiger Schuh stützt sich auf dem Stift ab und die Verbindung wird fixiert durch den in die Nut eingreifenden Schuh. Zum Lösen der Verbindung wird der Schuh aus der Nut und dann der Stift aus der Bohrung geschoben bzw. gezogen. Der in Längsrichtung der Stütze frei bewegliche Schuh kann oberhalb jeder Bohrung durch Einschieben eines Stiftes neu fixiert werden.The supports of the attachment are expediently formed from hollow profiles which have a rectangular, expediently square cross section and are provided with holes on at least one surface. The position of the floor is determined by the spacing of the holes, so that if only firing material with a greater height is to be fired, a larger hole spacing is sufficient. The bores expediently extend through two parallel walls of the hollow profile, but bores which penetrate only one wall and end in the opposite parallel wall as a blind hole are preferred. The advantage of this solution is the smaller weakening of the supports. A pin, which is provided with a groove, is embedded in at least one hole in each support. A sleeve-like shoe mounted on the support is supported on the pin and the connection is fixed by the shoe engaging in the groove. To release the connection, the shoe is pushed or pulled out of the groove and then the pin out of the hole. The shoe, which can move freely in the longitudinal direction of the support, can be re-fixed above each hole by inserting a pin.
Jeder Schuh ist mit einer Auskragung versehen, auf der die zweckmäßig ebenfalls aus Hohlprofilen bestehenden Balken ruhen. In an sich bekannter Weise tragen die Balken Platten oder Roste, auf denen das zu brennende keramische Gut aufgestapelt ist. Die Elemente des Aufsatzes - Stütze, Balken, Schuhe und Stiftebestehen aus Werkstoffen mit hoher Temperaturfestigkeit, besonders aus Siliciumcarbid. Die Schuhe werden zweckmäßig durch Schlickergießen, die anderen Elemente durch Strangpressen hergestellt, so daß insgesamt der Bearbeitungsaufwand sehr gering ist.Each shoe is provided with a projection on which the beams, which also expediently consist of hollow profiles, rest. In a manner known per se, the beams carry plates or grids on which the ceramic material to be fired is stacked. The elements of the attachment - the support, beams, shoes and pens are made of materials with high temperature resistance, especially silicon carbide. The shoes are expediently made by slip casting, the other elements by extrusion, so that the overall processing effort is very low.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Zeichnungen beispielhaft beschrieben. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1 - den Schnitt eines Brennwagenaufsatzes,
- Fig. 2 - eine vergrößerte Darstellung des Querschnitts II in Fig. 1.
- 1 - the section of a Brennwagenaufsatzes,
- 2 - an enlarged view of cross section II in FIG. 1st
Die im wesentlichen vertikalen Stützen 2 des Aufsatzes, die aus einem quadratischen Hohlprofil bestehen, sind in Hülsen 3 verankert, die an der Brennwagenauflage 1 befestigt sind. Schuhe 4, die eine Auskragung 5 aufweisen, sind auf die Stützen 2 aufgezogen und gehalten durch Stifte, die in Bohrungen 9 der Stützen eingelassen sind. Die Stifte 6 weisen eine Nut 10 auf, in die die Wand 11 der Schuhe 4 federartig eingreift. Die Nut-Feder-Verbindung fixiert Stift 6 und Schuh 4, auf dessen Auskragung 5 Balken 7 aufliegen. Die Balken 7 tragen Platten 8, auf denen das zeichnerisch nicht dargestellte Brenngut gestapelt wird.The essentially vertical supports 2 of the attachment, which consist of a square hollow profile, are anchored in
Claims (4)
characterized in that
the opening (9) passing through a wall of the support ends in the opposite parallel wall as a blind hole.
characterized in that
supports and bars consist of extruded silicon carbide.
characterized in that
the shoes consisting of silicon carbide are manufactured by slip casting.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE8802708U DE8802708U1 (en) | 1988-03-01 | 1988-03-01 | Attachment for kiln trolley |
| DE8802708U | 1988-03-01 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0330866A1 EP0330866A1 (en) | 1989-09-06 |
| EP0330866B1 true EP0330866B1 (en) | 1992-05-13 |
Family
ID=6821288
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89102061A Expired - Lifetime EP0330866B1 (en) | 1988-03-01 | 1989-02-07 | Superstructure for heating furnace cars |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0330866B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE8802708U1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2024396T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1990004146A1 (en) * | 1988-10-10 | 1990-04-19 | Acme Marls Limited | Kiln car superstructure |
| DE4322099C1 (en) * | 1993-07-02 | 1994-12-15 | Riedhammer Gmbh Co Kg | Firing shelf |
| EP0793793A1 (en) * | 1994-11-22 | 1997-09-10 | Saint-Gobain Industrial Ceramics, Inc. | Kiln furniture post design |
| DE102005003500A1 (en) * | 2005-01-25 | 2006-07-27 | Saint-Gobain Industriekeramik Rödental GmbH | Rack for stacking, transporting and firing green ceramic products incorporates adjustable spring-supported members |
| CN102636032A (en) * | 2012-05-05 | 2012-08-15 | 于宗亮 | Adjustable kiln car |
| JP6491072B2 (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2019-03-27 | 豊田鉄工株式会社 | Heating device |
| JP6491073B2 (en) | 2015-10-15 | 2019-03-27 | 豊田鉄工株式会社 | Heating device |
| CN116853752B (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2024-01-16 | 山东中和金石科技集团股份有限公司 | Inorganic nonmetallic material fires material feeding unit |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB121251A (en) * | 1918-05-02 | 1918-12-12 | Abraham Fielding | Improvements in Carriers for Supporting Pottery, Tiles, and the like Articles during the Process of Firing. |
| DE3123896C2 (en) * | 1981-06-16 | 1985-12-12 | Adolf A. Fleischmann Inh. Werner Fleischmann, 6000 Frankfurt | Tunnel kiln car |
| DE8306841U1 (en) * | 1983-03-09 | 1983-07-21 | Norton GmbH, 5047 Wesseling | FUEL VEHICLE WITH SHELVING COMPOSITION OF FIRE-RESISTANT CERAMIC MATERIAL FOR THE CERAMIC INDUSTRY |
| DE3434181A1 (en) * | 1984-09-18 | 1986-03-20 | Karl Dieter 6650 Homburg Kehl | HOLE POST WITH CROSS-HOLES |
| DE8801017U1 (en) * | 1988-01-28 | 1988-03-10 | Sigri GmbH, 8901 Meitingen | Attachment for kiln trolley |
-
1988
- 1988-03-01 DE DE8802708U patent/DE8802708U1/en not_active Expired
-
1989
- 1989-02-07 DE DE8989102061T patent/DE58901360D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-02-07 ES ES198989102061T patent/ES2024396T3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-02-07 EP EP89102061A patent/EP0330866B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0330866A1 (en) | 1989-09-06 |
| ES2024396T3 (en) | 1993-08-16 |
| ES2024396A4 (en) | 1992-03-01 |
| DE8802708U1 (en) | 1988-04-28 |
| DE58901360D1 (en) | 1992-06-17 |
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