WO2012072035A1 - 告警信息传输方法、无线传感器节点设备、网关节点设备 - Google Patents

告警信息传输方法、无线传感器节点设备、网关节点设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012072035A1
WO2012072035A1 PCT/CN2011/083287 CN2011083287W WO2012072035A1 WO 2012072035 A1 WO2012072035 A1 WO 2012072035A1 CN 2011083287 W CN2011083287 W CN 2011083287W WO 2012072035 A1 WO2012072035 A1 WO 2012072035A1
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Prior art keywords
information
communication resource
emergency communication
sensor node
alarm information
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PCT/CN2011/083287
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
涂奎
李平
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中国移动通信集团上海有限公司
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Application filed by 中国移动通信集团上海有限公司 filed Critical 中国移动通信集团上海有限公司
Priority to EP11845003.0A priority Critical patent/EP2648472A4/en
Priority to KR1020137016042A priority patent/KR20130088881A/ko
Priority to JP2013541198A priority patent/JP2014506402A/ja
Priority to US13/991,047 priority patent/US20130314229A1/en
Publication of WO2012072035A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012072035A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B23/00—Alarms responsive to unspecified undesired or abnormal conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/90—Services for handling of emergency or hazardous situations, e.g. earthquake and tsunami warning systems [ETWS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/50—Connection management for emergency connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/16—Gateway arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless sensor networks, and in particular, to an alarm information transmission method, a wireless sensor node device, and a gateway node device.
  • MEMS Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems
  • wireless communication technologies the design of low-power sensors combining sensing and wireless communication functions has been The application becomes a reality.
  • the resulting wireless sensor network has great application prospects in medical, public safety, military and environmental monitoring. As long as the corresponding sensor nodes are deployed near the place where the event occurred, it is possible to collect information of interest.
  • SN sensor node
  • GN Gateway Node
  • the network nodes communicate, and on the other hand, they connect to other transmission networks through connected Ethernet or wireless networks.
  • various sensor nodes can be used to detect various types of data to determine if an emergency has occurred.
  • the data detected by the sensor node contains some data (such as temperature and humidity data) reflecting environmental factors under normal conditions, and some data reflecting environmental factors under unexpected events (such as reflecting the occurrence of gas leakage). Gas concentration data, etc.).
  • the data detected by the sensor node is generally referred to as normal data, and the data that is triggered when the detected normal data is triggered when the alarm is triggered by the emergency is called alarm information.
  • the probability of occurrence of an emergency is small, once such an event occurs, the system must ensure that the alarm information used to indicate the type of event can be sent to the gateway node in a timely and reliable manner by the sensor node.
  • the data transmission is usually performed after the sensor node detects or generates the corresponding data, by using the communication resources allocated by the system or by competing for the obtained communication resources, where the communication resource refers to the data.
  • the frequency, time slot, route, etc. used for transmission.
  • ZigBee short-range wireless technology
  • CSMA/CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance
  • Another method is to complete the data frame transmission by requesting communication resources from the Zigbee coordinator and allocating communication resources to the coordinator.
  • the Chinese patent application with the application number of 200810065566.7, a wireless sensor network, an establishment method and a communication method are given according to the number of service applications.
  • the network node adaptively adjusts the working time of each working period and the communication time and communication time width of the cluster nodes in each working period according to the service requirement, and achieves the network optimization performance.
  • the alarm information may not be transmitted in time.
  • the gateway node To the gateway node.
  • the method for transmitting data by using the communication resources allocated by the system provided in the prior art, when allocating communication resources, complying with the principle that the entire network achieves the best use efficiency and the life cycle of use, and in order to reach the whole network
  • the transmission of the alarm information may be performed after the transmission of the normal data is completed.
  • the transmission of the alarm information is congested on a certain node or a routing path, and cannot be transmitted to the gateway node in time.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide an alarm information transmission method, a sensor node device, and a gateway node device, which are used to solve the problem that the alarm information generated by the sensor nodes existing in the prior art cannot be transmitted in time.
  • a method for transmitting an alarm information comprising: a gateway node receiving, by a sensor node that is to send an alarm information, indication information for indicating that an alarm information needs to be sent; and, according to the indication information, from the preset indication information and for transmitting an alarm
  • the gateway node In the information of the emergency communication resource of the information, the information of the corresponding emergency communication resource is determined; the gateway node broadcasts the information of the determined emergency communication resource, and the sensor node that receives the information of the emergency communication resource according to the information of the emergency communication resource The alarm information is transmitted.
  • a sensor node device comprising: a sending unit, configured to send, to the gateway node, indication information for indicating that the sensor node device needs to send alarm information; and a receiving unit, configured to receive, by the receiving, the gateway node, according to the indication information sent by the sending unit, The information of the broadcast emergency communication resource; the transmission unit, configured to transmit the alarm information according to the information of the emergency communication resource received by the receiving unit.
  • a gateway node device comprising: an indication information receiving unit, configured to receive indication information sent by a sensor node to send an alarm information for indicating that an alarm information needs to be sent; an information determining unit of the emergency communication resource, configured to receive according to the indication information The indication information received by the unit, from the preset indication information and the emergency communication resource for transmitting the alarm information In the source information, the information of the corresponding emergency communication resource is determined; the broadcast unit is configured to broadcast the information of the emergency communication resource determined by the information determining unit of the emergency communication resource.
  • the gateway node when the sensor node needs to transmit the alarm information, the gateway node is first notified to transmit the alarm information, and then the gateway node is used to schedule the communication resource of the entire wireless sensor network, so that the sensor node does not need to be performed. Resource competition can guarantee the timely transmission of alarm information.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting alarm information according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application environment of a solution provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a working principle of a solution provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a sensor node device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a gateway device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. detailed description
  • the embodiment of the present invention proposes that after the sensor node disposed in the home environment generates alarm information according to the detected data, the sensor node notifies the gateway node that the alarm information needs to be transmitted, and is scheduled by the gateway node.
  • the communication resources of the entire wireless sensor network are used to ensure timely transmission of alarm information.
  • the embodiment of the present invention first provides a method for transmitting alarm information.
  • the specific process of the method is shown in FIG. 1 and includes the following steps:
  • Step 11 The gateway node receives the indication information that is sent by the sensor node that is to send the alarm information, and indicates that the alarm information needs to be sent, where the indication information may be any predetermined indication that the gateway node and the sensor node need to send the alarm information.
  • the information may be identification information of the sensor node (such as source address information), or may be pre-agreed data level information corresponding to the alarm information, and the like;
  • Step 12 The gateway node determines, according to the received indication information, information about the emergency communication resource from the preset indication information and the emergency communication resource used for transmitting the alarm information, where the information of the emergency communication resource may be But not limited to one or more of frequency point information, time slot information, routing path information, and the like;
  • Step 13 The gateway node broadcasts the information of the determined emergency communication resource, and the sensor node that receives the information of the emergency communication resource transmits the foregoing alarm information according to the information of the emergency communication resource.
  • the sensor node sends the indication information to the gateway node before sending the alarm information, and the gateway node allocates the dedicated emergency communication resource to the alarm information according to the indication information, thereby
  • the sensor node that wants to send the alarm information does not need to obtain the communication resource for sending the alarm information through the competition, but can use the dedicated emergency communication resource to send the alarm information, thus ensuring the timely transmission of the alarm information.
  • the information about the emergency communication resource may further include information of multiple routing paths, where one routing path may be regarded as a “main path” for transmitting alarm information, and other routing paths may be regarded as “backup”.
  • the gateway node can select the information of one routing path from the information of multiple routing paths to broadcast, or broadcast the information of multiple routing paths.
  • the sensor node After receiving the information of multiple routing paths, the sensor node receives the information of multiple routing paths.
  • the alarm information can be transmitted on multiple routing paths.
  • the advantage of transmitting alarm information on multiple routing paths is that the alarm information can be transmitted in a timely and reliable manner even if one or several of the multiple routing paths fail.
  • the alarm information can also be transmitted by other routing paths that have not failed.
  • the system environment in which the above scheme is applied is similar to the wireless sensor network system environment in the prior art, and the system may include a plurality of sensor nodes and one (or more) gateway nodes, as shown in FIG.
  • the sensor node is equipped with different types of sensors, which can be divided into temperature and humidity sensor nodes, gas leakage sensor nodes, brightness sensor nodes, smoke sensor nodes, water immersion sensor nodes, etc., which are responsible for each in the home environment. Detection and perception of information.
  • the data detected by each sensor node is generally transmitted to the gateway node by one-hop or multi-hop.
  • the alarm information generated by the detected data is also transmitted to the gateway node by one-hop or multi-hop.
  • the network joint point stores and manages the data transmitted by each sensor node, and is responsible for the communication resource scheduling of the network formed by each sensor node within its communication range.
  • the data sent by the sensor node may be divided into alarm information and common data according to the urgency degree. Similar to the foregoing, the data detected by the sensor node is generally referred to as normal data, and the detected common data is generally The data triggered by the data when the alarm is triggered by the emergency is called alarm information.
  • the frame sent by the sensor node to the gateway node may be divided into two types: a signaling frame and a data frame, where the data frame includes data detected by the sensor node and sent to the gateway node (including alarm information and/or common data).
  • the signaling frame includes source address information and data emergency level information of the sensor node that sends the signaling frame, and may also include communication resource information required for the sensor node to transmit the data frame.
  • the communication resource information herein may be a preferred communication resource information that is determined by the sensor node according to the signal strength received by the sensor node, and may be, for example, a certain frequency point information, bandwidth information, or the like.
  • the sensor node Before sending the data frame to the gateway node, the sensor node first sends the foregoing signaling frame describing the data frame attribute, and the required transmission resource of the signaling frame is small, and is easily sent to the gateway node, so as to implement data frame transmission. Ready to work.
  • an emergency communication resource scheduling module (hereinafter referred to as a scheduling module) is added to the gateway node in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the scheduling module is responsible for storage and dimension A schedule information table as shown in Table 1 is protected.
  • Table 1 contains the data frame source address, emergency communication resource configuration information, and emergency communication routing information.
  • the data frame source address is used to indicate the sensor node that needs to send the alarm information
  • the emergency communication resource configuration information is used to indicate the communication resource required when the sensor node sends the alarm information
  • the emergency communication routing information is used to indicate the sensor node. Emergency route and backup route that passes when sending alarm information.
  • "SN4" in the first column of the second row is the identifier of the sensor node that needs to send the alarm information.
  • the emergency communication resource configuration information in the second row and the second column is used to indicate information such as frequency points, time slots, and transmission power used when transmitting the alarm information generated by the sensor node identified as SN4, which are respectively fl, Tl, Pl.
  • the emergency communication routing information in the third row and the third column is used to indicate that the sensor node identified as SN4 has one emergency route and two backup routes used when the alarm information is sent.
  • the principle that the scheduling module maintains the emergency communication resource configuration information in Table 1 is that a certain sensor node is assigned a fixed frequency point and time slot as much as possible to avoid communication resource competition during emergency communication, and the sensor node is Send emergency data at high power.
  • the scheduling module can select a route that guarantees the highest data transmission accuracy as the emergency route for the sensor node that sends the alarm information according to the actual situation.
  • the route with the highest data transmission accuracy can be the route with the least number of hops when the path is reachable. It can also be the best route for the link signal, or other routes that can guarantee the highest accuracy of data transmission.
  • the scheduling module can also select multiple reachable routes as backup routes.
  • the scheduling module may be located in the channel environment and network topology information of the sensor node that needs to send the alarm information, and periodically update the emergency communication resource configuration information and the emergency communication routing information in Table 1. Through the regular update and maintenance of Table 1, it is possible to ensure that the alarm information can be transmitted in a timely and reliable manner after any sensor node generates alarm information.
  • an emergency judgment module can be added to the gateway node.
  • the main function of the component judgment module is to determine how to select the emergency communication resource configuration information and the emergency communication routing information in Table 1 maintained by the scheduling module according to the signaling frame sent by the sensor node.
  • Step 31 Each sensor node in the wireless sensor network detects and perceives data in the surrounding environment in real time. When the sensor node detects the data or the data jointly detected by the multiple sensor nodes meets the alarm condition, generates an alarm information, thereby starting the data. Transmission process
  • Step 32 The sensor node generates a signaling frame including various attributes of the data frame, where the source address information of the data frame (that is, the sensor node identifier of the alarm information to be sent) is included, and the data emergency level may be further included according to the actual situation. According to a pre-agreed, when the gateway node can determine the data urgency level according to the source address information of the data frame, it is also unnecessary to send the data urgency level information. In addition, the communication resource required for transmitting the data frame (including the data frame included) The amount of data, etc.);
  • Step 33 The sensor node sends the generated signaling frame to the gateway node.
  • Step 34 After the gateway node receives one or more signaling frames, the burst event judging module determines whether it is necessary to notify the emergency communication resource scheduling module according to the data emergency level in the signaling frame, and according to the signaling frame.
  • the source address information is used to determine the sensor node that needs to transmit the alarm information. It should be noted that if the data level information is not included in the signaling, the emergency event determination module according to the pre-agreed source address information and the corresponding relationship of the data frame transmission policy , determining whether it is necessary to notify the emergency communication resource scheduling module to schedule communication resources, when the determination result is yes, go to step 35, otherwise, go to step 38;
  • Step 35 The emergency communication resource scheduling module in the gateway node queries the emergency communication resource configuration information corresponding to the source address information of the data frame and the emergency in the table shown in Table 1 according to the data frame source address information in the signaling frame. Communicating routing information, and broadcasting the queried emergency communication resource configuration information and emergency communication routing information;
  • Step 36 After receiving the emergency communication resource configuration information and the emergency communication routing information broadcast by the gateway node, each sensor node located on the determined emergency communication route listens to the data carrying the alarm information in the time slot indicated by the emergency communication resource configuration information. After the frame is monitored, and the data frame is monitored, the data frame is sent by using the frequency indicated by the emergency communication resource configuration information, so as to complete the timely and reliable transmission of the alarm information. In this step 36, based on the data frame transmitted by the emergency route, the data frame can also be sent according to the backup route.
  • the advantage of transmitting data frames simultaneously according to multiple routes is that the success rate of data frame transmission can be further ensured. Even in the case that the emergency route fails to transmit data frames, a backup route can be used to complete the data frame transmission, so that the data is The probability of reliable transmission of frames is maximized;
  • Step 37 After each sensor node completes the transmission of the alarm information frame according to the communication resource configuration information and the emergency routing information broadcasted by the gateway node, the gateway node broadcasts to each sensor node, and notifies each node according to the original communication resource configuration and routing. Set communication.
  • Step 38 Each sensor node performs data transmission according to non-emergency communication resource configuration information and non-emergency communication routing information.
  • the sensor node before transmitting the data frame carrying the alarm information, the sensor node sends a signaling frame for notifying the sensor node to send the alarm information to the gateway node, and the gateway node performs wireless transmission according to the signaling frame.
  • the communication resources of the network are scheduled, so that the alarm information can be transmitted in time.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a sensor node device, which is used to solve the problem that the alarm information generated by the sensor node existing in the prior art cannot be transmitted in time.
  • the specific schematic diagram of the sensor node device is shown in FIG. 4, and includes the following functional units:
  • the sending unit 41 is configured to send, to the gateway node, indication information for indicating that the sensor node device needs to send the alarm information.
  • the receiving unit 42 is configured to receive information about the emergency communication resource that is determined and broadcast by the gateway node according to the indication information sent by the sending unit 41. ;
  • the transmitting unit 43 is configured to transmit the alarm information according to the information of the emergency communication resource received by the receiving unit 42.
  • the information of the emergency communication resources may contain information of at least two different routing paths.
  • the transmission unit 43 may be specifically configured to separately transmit alarm information on the at least two different routing paths.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a gateway node device.
  • the specific structure of the gateway node device is shown in FIG. 5, and includes the following functional units:
  • the indication information receiving unit 51 is configured to receive indication information that is sent by the sensor node that is to send the alarm information to indicate that the alarm information needs to be sent;
  • the information determining unit 52 of the emergency communication resource is configured to determine information about the corresponding emergency communication resource from the preset indication information and the information of the emergency communication resource for transmitting the alarm information according to the indication information received by the indication information receiving unit 51. ;
  • the broadcasting unit 53 is configured to broadcast information of the emergency communication resource determined by the information determining unit 52 of the emergency communication resource.
  • the information of the emergency communication resource may further include information of at least two different routing paths.
  • embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention is in the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage interfaces (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer usable program code.
  • the present invention has been described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (system), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or FIG.
  • These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine for the execution of instructions for execution by a processor of a computer or other programmable data processing device.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

Description

告警信息传输方法、 无线传感器节点设备、 网关节点设备 技术领域 本发明涉及无线传感网络领域， 尤其涉及一种告警信息传输方法、 无线传感器节点设 备、 网关节点设备。 背景技术 近年来，随着 4 电子技术、微电子机械系统（ Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems, MEMS ) 技术及无线通信技术的飞速发展 , 集感知与无线通信功能于一身的低功耗传感器的设计与 应用成为现实。 由此应运而生的无线传感网在医疗、 公共安全、 军事及环境监控等方面有 着巨大的应用前景。 只要通过在事件发生地附近部署相应的传感器节点， 就可以收集所感 兴趣的信息。
在家居环境中布设的无线传感网中， 一般包含有如下两种类型的节点： 一种为传感器 节点（Sensor Node, SN ), 此类节点上配备有各种类型的传感器， 负责对周围环境的探测与 感知。 另外一种为网关节点（Gateway Node, GN ), 此类节点具有收集来自其它传感器节点 信息的功能， 且通常都配备两个以上的网络接口， 一方面通过无线传感网接口与底层的无 线传感网节点进行通信， 另一方面通过连接的以太网或无线网络接入其他传输网络。
在家居应用环境中， 可以使用多种传感器节点检测各种类型的数据以确定是否发生了 突发事件。 一般地， 传感器节点检测到的数据包含反映正常条件下的环境因素的一些数据 (比如温湿度数据）， 也包含反映突发事件下的环境因素的一些数据（比如用于反映是否发 生煤气泄漏的煤气浓度数据等等）。 传感器节点检测到的数据一般被称为普通数据， 而检测 到的普通数据在满足突发事件发告警触发条件时触发产生的数据则称为告警信息。 在实际 应用环境中， 虽然突发事件的发生概率很小， 但此类事件一旦发生， 系统就必须保证用于 指示该类型事件的告警信息能由传感器节点及时可靠地发送至网关节点。
在现有的方案中， 数据传输通常是在传感器节点检测或产生相应的数据后， 通过使用 系统分配的通信资源或通过竟争所获取的通信资源完成的， 其中， 这里的通信资源是指数 据传输所使用的频点、 时隙、 路由等。 以紫蜂（ZigBee, —种短距离无线技术） 网络为例， 其数据帧在发送时，一种方法是通过 CSMA/CA ( Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance )的机制获取通信资源完成数据帧传输， 另一种方法是通过向 Zigbee协调器申请 通信资源， 由协调器为其分配通信资源完成数据帧传输。 另外， 申请号为 200810065566.7 的中国专利申请， 一种无线传感器网络、 建立方法及通信方法中， 给出了根据业务应用数 据传输需求变化自适应调整网络节点通信调度的无线传感器网络、 建立方法和通讯方法。 该专利申请中， 网络节点根据业务需求自适应调整各工作时段时间、 和各工作时段中簇节 点的通信时间及通信时间宽度， 达到网络最优化性能。
对现有的数据传输方案和根据业务需求自适应调整各节点工作时间的方案进行应用 后， 发现其存在的主要缺点如下：
1、 对告警信息的传输而言， 基于现有技术提供的根据竟争机制获取通信资源进行数据 传输的方法， 在其数据传输无法竟争到通信资源的情况下， 会导致告警信息无法及时传输 至网关节点。
2、 通过现有技术中提供的使用系统分配的通信资源进行数据传输的方法， 在分配通信 资源时， 遵从的是整个网络达到最佳的使用效率和使用生命周期的原则， 而为了达到全网 负载均衡等目的， 可能会使得告警信息的传输要等待普通数据的传输结束后才能进行， 从 而导致告警信息传输拥塞在某一节点或某一路由路径上， 而无法及时传输至网关节点。
3、 虽然根据业务需求自适应调整各节点工作时间的方案可通过业务需求自适应调整各 传感器节点的工作时间等参数， 但只是占用更多本用于传感器节点休眠的时间资源来进行 数据传输， 也没有从本盾上实现使告警信息优先可靠传输。 发明内容 本发明实施例提供一种告警信息传输方法、 传感器节点设备、 网关节点设备， 用以解 决现有技术中存在的传感器节点产生的告警信息无法得到及时传输的问题。
本发明实施例釆用以下技术方案：
一种告警信息传输方法， 包括： 网关节点接收待发送告警信息的传感器节点发送的用 于指示需发送告警信息的指示信息； 并根据所述指示信息， 从预设的指示信息与用于传输 告警信息的应急通信资源的信息中， 确定相应的应急通信资源的信息； 网关节点对确定的 应急通信资源的信息进行广播， 指示接收到应急通信资源的信息的传感器节点根据应急通 信资源的信息， 对所述告警信息进行传输。
一种传感器节点设备， 包括： 发送单元， 用于向网关节点送用于指示所述传感器节点 设备需发送告警信息的指示信息； 接收单元， 用于接收网关节点根据发送单元发送的指示 信息确定并广播的应急通信资源的信息； 传输单元， 用于根据接收单元接收到的应急通信 资源的信息， 对所述告警信息进行传输。
一种网关节点设备， 包括： 指示信息接收单元， 用于接收待发送告警信息的传感器节 点发送的用于指示需发送告警信息的指示信息； 应急通信资源的信息确定单元， 用于根据 指示信息接收单元接收的指示信息， 从预设的指示信息与用于传输告警信息的应急通信资 源的信息中， 确定相应的应急通信资源的信息； 广播单元， 用于对应急通信资源的信息确 定单元确定的应急通信资源的信息进行广播。
本发明实施例的有益效果如下：
通过本发明实施例提供的上述方案， 在传感器节点有告警信息需进行传输时， 先通知 网关节点需传输告警信息， 再由网关节点来调度整个无线传感网的通信资源， 从而传感器 节点无需进行资源竟争就能保障告警信息得到及时传输。 附图说明
图 1为本发明实施例提供的一种告警信息传输方法的具体流程示意图；
图 2为本发明实施例提供的方案在实际中的应用环境示意图；
图 3为发明实施例提供的方案在实际中的工作原理流程示意图；
图 4为本发明实施例提供的一种传感器节点设备的具体结构示意图；
图 5为本发明实施例提供的一种网关设备的具体结构示意图。 具体实施方式
本发明实施例针对现有方案的不足， 提出了一种在家居环境中布设的传感器节点根据 检测到的数据产生告警信息后， 传感器节点通知网关节点有告警信息需进行传输， 由网关 节点来调度整个无线传感网的通信资源， 以保障告警信息得到及时传输的方案。
以下结合附图， 对本发明实施例提供的方案进行详细描述。
本发明实施例首先提供一种告警信息传输方法， 该方法的具体流程示意图如图 1所示， 包括以下步骤：
步骤 11 , 网关节点接收待发送告警信息的传感器节点发送的用于指示需发送告警信息 的指示信息， 其中， 这里的指示信息可以是网关节点与传感器节点预先约定好的任意可指 示需发送告警信息的信息， 比如， 可以为传感器节点的标识信息（比如源地址信息）， 也可 以为预先约定的与告警信息对应的数据等级信息等等；
步骤 12 , 网关节点根据接收到的该指示信息， 从预设的指示信息与用于传输告警信息 的应急通信资源的信息中， 确定相应的应急通信资源的信息， 这里的应急通信资源的信息 可以但不限于为频点信息、 时隙信息、 路由路径的信息等等中的一种或多种；
步骤 13 , 网关节点对确定的应急通信资源的信息进行广播， 指示接收到应急通信资源 的信息的传感器节点根据应急通信资源的信息， 对前述告警信息进行传输。
通过本发明实施例提供的上述方法， 通过传感器节点在发送告警信息前， 先向网关节 点发送指示信息， 网关节点根据该指示信息， 为告警信息分配专用的应急通信资源， 从而 欲发送告警信息的传感器节点无需再通过竟争的方式来获取发送告警信息的通信资源， 而 是可用专用的应急通信资源来发送告警信息， 因此保证了告警信息的及时传输。
在本发明实施例中， 上述应急通信资源的信息中还可以包含多条路由路径的信息， 其 中一条路由路径可以视为传输告警信息的 "主路径"， 而其他路由路径则可以视为 "备份路 径，，。 网关节点可以从多条路由路径的信息中选取一条路由路径的信息进行广播， 也可以对 多条路由路径的信息均进行广播。 传感器节点在接收到多条路由路径的信息后， 可以在多 条路由路径上分别传输告警信息。 在多条路由路径上分别传输告警信息的好处在于， 可以 进一步保证告警信息的及时、 可靠传输， 即使多条路由路径中有一条或几条出现故障， 也 可以由其他没有发生故障的路由路径对告警信息进行传输。
以下以本发明实施例提供的方案在实际中的应用为例， 详细说明本发明实施例提供的 上述方案的应用流程。
应用上述方案的系统环境与现有技术中的无线传感网系统环境类似， 该系统可以包括 多个传感器节点和一个（或多个） 网关节点， 如图 2 所示。 其中， 传感器节点才 居其上配 备的不同类型的传感器， 可分为温湿度传感器节点、 煤气泄漏传感器节点、 亮度传感器节 点、 烟雾传感器节点、 浸水传感器节点等， 其均负责对家居环境中的各种信息进行的探测 与感知。 各传感器节点检测到的数据一般通过一跳或者多跳的方式传输至网关节点， 此外， 由检测到的数据触发产生的告警信息也通过一跳或者多跳的方式传输至网关节点。 网关节 点对各传感器节点所传送的数据进行存储和管理， 并负责其通信范围内各传感器节点所组 成的网络的通信资源调度。
为实现本发明实施例提供的方法， 可以将传感器节点发送的数据按照紧急程度分为告 警信息和普通数据， 与前文类似， 传感器节点检测到的数据一般被称为普通数据， 而检测 到的普通数据在满足突发事件发告警触发条件时触发产生的数据则可以称为告警信息。
同时， 还可以将传感器节点向网关节点发送的帧分为信令帧和数据帧两个类型， 其中 数据帧包含传感器节点检测到并需发送至网关节点的数据 (包括告警信息和 /或普通数据 ), 信令帧包含发送该信令帧的传感器节点的源地址信息、 数据紧急等级信息， 还可以包含该 传感器节点传输数据帧所需的通信资源信息等。 其中， 这里的通信资源信息可以是传感器 节点根据自身接收的信号强度所判断得到的较优的通信资源信息， 比如可以为某频点信息、 带宽信息等。
传感器节点在向网关节点发送数据帧前， 先向其发送上述描述数据帧属性的信令帧， 该信令帧所需的传输资源较小， 易于发送给网关节点， 实现为数据帧的传输做准备工作。
为实现网关节点对传感器节点的数据帧传输进行通信资源调度， 本发明实施例在网关 节点中新增了一种应急通信资源调度模块（以下筒称调度模块）。 该调度模块负责存储和维 护一个如表 1所示的调度信息表， 表 1 中包含了数据帧源地址、 应急通信资源配置信息和 应急通信路由信息。 表 1 :
Figure imgf000007_0001
在上表 1 中， 数据帧源地址用于指示需要发送告警信息的传感器节点， 应急通信资源 配置信息用于指示传感器节点发送告警信息时所需的通信资源， 应急通信路由信息用于指 示传感器节点发送告警信息时所经过的应急路由和备份路由。
具体地， 以上表 1中的第二行为例， 第二行第一列中的 "SN4" 为需要发送告警信息的 传感器节点的标识。 第二行第二列中的应急通信资源配置信息则用于指示用于发送标识为 SN4的传感器节点产生的告警信息时所使用的频点、 时隙和发射功率等信息， 其分别为 fl、 tl、 Pl。 第三行第三列中的应急通信路由信息用于指示标识为 SN4的传感器节点有告警信 息发送时所使用的 1条应急路由与 2条备份路由。
调度模块维护表 1 中应急通信资源配置信息的原则是针对某一传感器节点， 尽量为其 分配固定的频点和时隙， 以避免应急通信时出现通信资源竟争的情况， 并使传感器节点以 大功率发送应急数据。
调度模块可以根据实际情况， 为有告警信息发送的传感器节点选择一条保证最高的数 据传输准确率的路由作为应急路由 （数据传输准确率最高的路由可以是路径可达情况下跳 数最少的路由， 也可以是链路信号最好的路由， 还可以是其他能够保证数据传输准确率最 高的路由）， 同时， 调度模块还可以选择多条可达路由作为备份路由。
在本发明实施例中， 调度模块可以才 居需要发送告警信息的传感器节点所处的信道环 境和网络拓朴信息， 定期更新表 1 中的应急通信资源配置信息和应急通信路由信息。 通过 对表 1 的定期更新与维护， 可以尽可能保证在任意传感器节点产生告警信息后， 告警信息 能够得到及时、 可靠的传输。
为了配合调度模块的功能， 网关节点中还可以新增一个突发事件判断模块， 该突发事 件判断模块的主要功能在于， 根据传感器节点发送的信令帧来判断如何对调度模块维护的 表 1中的应急通信资源配置信息和应急通信路由信息进行选取。
下面结合以上介绍的两种帧类型、应急通信资源调度模块和突发事件判断模块以及图 2 所示的环境， 详细描述本发明实施例提供的方案的工作原理。 该工作原理的流程示意图如 图 3所示， 包括下述步骤：
步骤 31 , 无线传感网中的各传感器节点实时检测和感知周围环境中的数据， 当传感器 节点检测到数据或多个传感器节点联合检测到的数据符合告警条件时， 生成告警信息， 从 而启动数据传输流程；
步骤 32 , 传感器节点生成包含数据帧各种属性的信令帧， 其中需包含数据帧的源地址 信息（即待发送告警信息的传感器节点标识）， 也可以视实际情况进一步包含数据紧急等级 (当根据预先约定， 网关节点能根据数据帧的源地址信息确定数据紧急等级时， 也可以无 需发送数据紧急等级信息）， 此外， 还可以包含传输数据帧所需的通信资源 （包含数据帧所 包含的数据量大小等）；
步骤 33 , 传感器节点将生成的信令帧发送至网关节点；
步骤 34 , 当网关节点收到一个或多个信令帧后， 由突发事件判断模块根据信令帧中的 数据紧急等级， 判断是否需要通知应急通信资源调度模块， 并根据信令帧中的源地址信息， 确定需进行告警信息传输的传感器节点， 需要说明的是， 若信令中没有包含数据等级信息， 则突发事件判断模块根据预先约定的源地址信息和数据帧发送策略的对应关系， 判断是否 需要通知应急通信资源调度模块对通信资源进行调度， 当判断结果为是时， 执行步骤 35 , 否则， 执行步骤 38;
步骤 35 , 网关节点中的应急通信资源调度模块根据信令帧中的数据帧源地址信息， 在 如表 1 所示的表中查询对应于该数据帧源地址信息的应急通信资源配置信息和应急通信路 由信息， 并将查询到的应急通信资源配置信息和应急通信路由信息进行广播；
步骤 36 , 位于确定的应急通信路由上的各传感器节点在接收到网关节点广播的应急通 信资源配置信息和应急通信路由信息后， 在应急通信资源配置信息指示的时隙监听承载有 告警信息的数据帧， 并在监听到数据帧后， 利用应急通信资源配置信息指示的频点发送该 数据帧， 以完成告警信息的及时、 可靠传输。 在该步骤 36中， 在按照应急路由发送数据帧 的基础上， 同时还可以按照备份路由发送数据帧。 按照多条路由同时对数据帧进行发送的 好处在于， 可以进一步保证数据帧的传输成功率， 即使在应急路由对数据帧传输失败的情 况下， 还可以有备份路由来完成数据帧传输， 使数据帧可靠传输的概率达到最大化；
步骤 37 , 各传感器节点按照网关节点广播的通信资源配置信息和应急路由信息完成告 警信息帧传输后， 网关节点向各传感器节点广播， 通知各节点按原通信资源配置和路由配 置通信。
步骤 38 , 各传感器节点按非应急通信资源配置信息和非应急通信路由信息来进行数据 传输。
通过上述流程， 传感器节点在发送承载告警信息的数据帧之前， 通过先向网关节点发 送用于通知该传感器节点欲发送告警信息的信令帧， 并由网关节点根据该信令帧， 对无线 传感网的通信资源进行调度， 从而保证了该告警信息能够得到及时传输。
对应于本发明实施例提供的告警信息发送方法， 本发明实施例还提供一种传感器节点 设备， 用以解决现有技术中存在的传感器节点产生的告警信息无法得到及时传输的问题。 该传感器节点设备的具体示意图如图 4所示， 包括以下功能单元：
发送单元 41 ,用于向网关节点送用于指示传感器节点设备需发送告警信息的指示信息； 接收单元 42,用于接收网关节点根据发送单元 41发送的指示信息确定并广播的应急通 信资源的信息；
传输单元 43 , 用于根据接收单元 42接收到的应急通信资源的信息， 对告警信息进行传 输。
在一个较佳的实施例中， 应急通信资源的信息中可以包含至少两条不同路由路径的信 息。 传输单元 43可以具体用于在上述至少两条不同路由路径上分别传输告警信息。
本发明实施例还提供一种网关节点设备， 该网关节点设备的具体结构示意图如图 5 所 示， 包括以下功能单元：
指示信息接收单元 51 , 用于接收待发送告警信息的传感器节点发送的用于指示需发送 告警信息的指示信息；
应急通信资源的信息确定单元 52, 用于根据指示信息接收单元 51接收的指示信息， 从 预设的指示信息与用于传输告警信息的应急通信资源的信息中， 确定相应的应急通信资源 的信息；
广播单元 53 ,用于对应急通信资源的信息确定单元 52确定的应急通信资源的信息进行 广播。
为了保证告警信息的及时、 可靠传输， 在一个较佳的实施例中， 上述应急通信资源的 信息中还可以包含至少两条不同路由路径的信息。
本领域内的技术人员应明白， 本发明的实施例可提供为方法、 系统、 或计算机程序产 品。 因此， 本发明可釆用完全硬件实施例、 完全软件实施例、 或结合软件和硬件方面的实 施例的形式。 而且， 本发明可釆用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机 可用存储介盾 （包括但不限于磁盘存储器、 CD-ROM、 光学存储器等）上实施的计算机程 序产品的形式。 本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、 设备（系统）、 和计算机程序产品的流程图和 /或方框图来描述的。 应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和 /或方框图中的每一流程 和 /或方框、 以及流程图和 /或方框图中的流程和 /或方框的结合。 可提供这些计算机程 序指令到通用计算机、 专用计算机、 嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以 产生一个机器， 使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于 实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和 /或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装 置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式 工作的计算机可读存储器中， 使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置 的制造品， 该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和 /或方框图一个方框或多个方 框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上， 使得在计算机 或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理， 从而在计算机或其他 可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和 /或方框图一个方 框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
尽管已描述了本发明的优选实施例， 但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概 念， 则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。 所以， 所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选 实施例以及落入本发明范围的所有变更和修改。
显然， 本领域的技术人员可以对本发明实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明实 施例的精神和范围。 这样， 倘若本发明实施例的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其 等同技术的范围之内， 则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种告警信息传输方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
网关节点接收待发送告警信息的传感器节点发送的用于指示需发送告警信息的指示信 息； 并
根据所述指示信息， 从预设的指示信息与用于传输告警信息的应急通信资源的信息中， 确定相应的应急通信资源的信息；
网关节点对确定的应急通信资源的信息进行广播， 指示接收到应急通信资源的信息的 传感器节点根据应急通信资源的信息， 对所述告警信息进行传输。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述应急通信资源的信息中包含至少两条 不同路由路径的信息。
3、如权利要求 2所述的方法， 其特征在于， 指示传感器节点根据应急通信资源的信息， 对所述告警信息进行传输， 具体为：
指示传感器节点在所述至少两条不同路由路径上分别传输所述告警信息。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述应急通信资源的信息包括频点信息、 时隙信息、 路由路径的信息。
5、 如权利要求 1~4任一所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述指示信息为所述待发送告警信 息的传感器节点的源地址信息； 或
为预先约定的与告警信息对应的数据等级信息。
6、 一种传感器节点设备， 其特征在于， 包括：
发送单元， 用于向网关节点送用于指示所述传感器节点设备需发送告警信息的指示信 息；
接收单元， 用于接收网关节点根据发送单元发送的指示信息确定并广播的应急通信资 源的信息；
传输单元， 用于根据接收单元接收到的应急通信资源的信息， 对所述告警信息进行传 输。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的传感器节点设备， 其特征在于， 所述应急通信资源的信息中包 含至少两条不同路由路径的信息。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的传感器节点设备， 其特征在于， 所述传输单元具体用于在所述 至少两条不同路由路径上分别传输所述告警信息。
9、 一种网关节点设备， 其特征在于， 包括：
指示信息接收单元， 用于接收待发送告警信息的传感器节点发送的用于指示需发送告 警信息的指示信息； 应急通信资源的信息确定单元， 用于根据指示信息接收单元接收的指示信息， 从预设 的指示信息与用于传输告警信息的应急通信资源的信息中， 确定相应的应急通信资源的信 息；
广播单元， 用于对应急通信资源的信息确定单元确定的应急通信资源的信息进行广播。
10、 如权利要求 9 所述的网关节点设备， 其特征在于， 所述应急通信资源的信息中包 含至少两条不同路由路径的信息。
PCT/CN2011/083287 2010-12-02 2011-12-01 告警信息传输方法、无线传感器节点设备、网关节点设备 WO2012072035A1 (zh)

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KR1020137016042A KR20130088881A (ko) 2010-12-02 2011-12-01 경고 정보 전송 방법, 무선 센서 노드 장치 및 게이트웨이 노드 장치
JP2013541198A JP2014506402A (ja) 2010-12-02 2011-12-01 警告情報伝送方法、無線センサーノード設備及びゲートウェーノード設備
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